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href="#Dependence_on_MS-DOS"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Dependence on MS-DOS</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dependence_on_MS-DOS-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-User_interface" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#User_interface"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>User interface</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-User_interface-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Technical_improvements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Technical_improvements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Technical improvements</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Technical_improvements-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Technical improvements subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Technical_improvements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Plug_and_Play" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Plug_and_Play"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Plug and Play</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Plug_and_Play-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Long_file_names" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Long_file_names"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Long file names</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Long_file_names-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-32-bit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#32-bit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>32-bit</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-32-bit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Core_improvements_in_OEM_Service_Releases" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Core_improvements_in_OEM_Service_Releases"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Core improvements in OEM Service Releases</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Core_improvements_in_OEM_Service_Releases-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Accessibility_features" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Accessibility_features"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Accessibility features</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Accessibility_features-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-System_requirements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#System_requirements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>System requirements</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-System_requirements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Upgradeability" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Upgradeability"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Upgradeability</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Upgradeability-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Upgradeability subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Upgradeability-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Internet_Explorer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Internet_Explorer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Internet Explorer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Internet_Explorer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Release_and_promotion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Release_and_promotion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Release and promotion</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Release_and_promotion-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Release and promotion subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Release_and_promotion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Editions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Editions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Editions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Editions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Legacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Windows 95</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 77 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-77" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">77 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B2_95" title="ويندوز 95 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ويندوز 95" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%9C_%E0%A7%AF%E0%A7%AB" title="উইন্ডোজ ৯৫ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উইন্ডোজ ৯৫" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows_95" title="Microsoft Windows 95 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Microsoft Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B2_%DB%B9%DB%B5" title="ویندوز ۹۵ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ویندوز ۹۵" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%88%EB%8F%84%EC%9A%B0_95" title="윈도우 95 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="윈도우 95" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BC_%E0%A5%AF%E0%A5%AB" title="विंडोज़ ९५ – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="विंडोज़ ९५" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%99%E0%BB%82%E0%BA%94_95" title="ວິນໂດ 95 – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ວິນໂດ 95" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D_95" title="വിൻഡോസ് 95 – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വിൻഡോസ് 95" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%9C_%E0%A5%AF%E0%A5%AB" title="विंडोज ९५ – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="विंडोज ९५" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows_95" title="Microsoft Windows 95 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Microsoft Windows 95" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A9%E0%B7%9D%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A_95" title="වින්ඩෝස් 95 – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="වින්ඩෝස් 95" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D_95" title="வின்டோஸ் 95 – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வின்டோஸ் 95" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%8C_95" title="วินโดวส์ 95 – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วินโดวส์ 95" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Windows_95" title="Windows 95 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Windows 95" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q83370#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet 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print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"OSR2" redirects here. For the gene, see <a href="/wiki/OSR2_(gene)" title="OSR2 (gene)">OSR2 (gene)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Windows 4.0" redirects here. Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Windows_NT_4.0" title="Windows NT 4.0">Windows NT 4.0</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Operating system</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">Windows 95</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">Version of the <a href="/wiki/Windows_9x" title="Windows 9x">Windows 9x</a> operating system</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Microsoft_Windows_95_logo_with_wordmark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Microsoft_Windows_95_logo_with_wordmark.svg/200px-Microsoft_Windows_95_logo_with_wordmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Microsoft_Windows_95_logo_with_wordmark.svg/300px-Microsoft_Windows_95_logo_with_wordmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Microsoft_Windows_95_logo_with_wordmark.svg/400px-Microsoft_Windows_95_logo_with_wordmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="5782" data-file-height="944" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Windows_95_at_first_run.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/eb/Windows_95_at_first_run.png/300px-Windows_95_at_first_run.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/eb/Windows_95_at_first_run.png/450px-Windows_95_at_first_run.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/eb/Windows_95_at_first_run.png/600px-Windows_95_at_first_run.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Windows 95 desktop, showing its icons, <a href="/wiki/Start_button" class="mw-redirect" title="Start button">Start button</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taskbar" title="Taskbar">taskbar</a> and welcome screen</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Programmer" title="Programmer">Developer</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Source model</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Closed_source" class="mw-redirect" title="Closed source">Closed source</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle#RTM" title="Software release life cycle">Released to<br />manufacturing</a></th><td class="infobox-data">July 14, 1995<span class="noprint">; 29 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1995-07-14</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle#General_availability_(GA)" title="Software release life cycle">General<br />availability</a></th><td class="infobox-data">August 24, 1995<span class="noprint">; 29 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1995-08-24</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-With_Windows_95's_Debut,_Microsoft_Scales_Heights_of_Hype_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-With_Windows_95's_Debut,_Microsoft_Scales_Heights_of_Hype-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle" title="Software release life cycle">Latest release</a></th><td class="infobox-data">OEM Service Release 2.5 (4.0.950 C) / November 26, 1997<span class="noprint">; 26 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1997-11-26</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Platforms</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/IA-32" title="IA-32">IA-32</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Kernel_(operating_system)" title="Kernel (operating system)">Kernel</a> type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Monolithic_kernel" title="Monolithic kernel">Monolithic</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_license" title="Software license">License</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Proprietary_software" title="Proprietary software">Proprietary</a> <a href="/wiki/Commercial_software" title="Commercial software">commercial software</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Windows_3.1" title="Windows 3.1">Windows 3.1</a> (1992–1993)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Windows_98" title="Windows 98">Windows 98</a> (1998)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Official website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19980120133242/http://www.microsoft.com/windows95/">Windows 95</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> (archived January 20, 1998)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Support status</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Mainstream support ended on December 31, 2000<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend itvend">December 31, 2000</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-Lifecycle_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lifecycle-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />Extended support ended on December 31, 2001<span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend itvend">December 31, 2001</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-Lifecycle_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lifecycle-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Windows 95</b> is a consumer-oriented <a href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">operating system</a> developed by <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> as part of its <a href="/wiki/Windows_9x" title="Windows 9x">Windows 9x</a> family of operating systems. The first operating system in the 9x family, it is the successor to <a href="/wiki/Windows_3.1" title="Windows 3.1">Windows 3.1</a>, and was <a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle#RTM" title="Software release life cycle">released to manufacturing</a> on July 14, 1995, and generally to retail on August 24, 1995, almost three months after the release of <a href="/wiki/Windows_NT_3.51" title="Windows NT 3.51">Windows NT 3.51</a>. Windows 95 is the first version of <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Microsoft Windows</a> to include the Modern Windows Feel (Taskbar, Start Menu.)<sup id="cite_ref-WashPost1995_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WashPost1995-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Windows 95 merged Microsoft's formerly separate <a href="/wiki/MS-DOS" title="MS-DOS">MS-DOS</a> and <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Microsoft Windows</a> products, and featured significant improvements over its predecessor, most notably in the <a href="/wiki/Graphical_user_interface" title="Graphical user interface">graphical user interface</a> (GUI) and in its simplified "<a href="/wiki/Plug_and_play#Plug_and_Play" title="Plug and play">plug-and-play</a>" features. There were also major changes made to the core components of the operating system, such as moving from a mainly <a href="/wiki/Cooperative_multitasking" title="Cooperative multitasking">cooperatively multitasked</a> <a href="/wiki/16-bit_computing" title="16-bit computing">16-bit</a> architecture to a <a href="/wiki/32-bit_computing" title="32-bit computing">32-bit</a> <a href="/wiki/Preemption_(computing)#PREEMPTIVE" title="Preemption (computing)">preemptive multitasking</a> architecture, at least when running only 32-bit protected mode applications. </p><p>Accompanied by an extensive marketing campaign,<sup id="cite_ref-With_Windows_95's_Debut,_Microsoft_Scales_Heights_of_Hype_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-With_Windows_95's_Debut,_Microsoft_Scales_Heights_of_Hype-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Windows 95 introduced numerous functions and features that were featured in later Windows versions, and continue in modern variations to this day, such as the <a href="/wiki/Taskbar" title="Taskbar">taskbar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Notification_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Notification area">notification area</a>, and the "Start" button which summons the <a href="/wiki/Start_menu" title="Start menu">Start menu</a>. It is considered to be one of the biggest and most important products in the personal computing industry.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Three years after its introduction, Windows<span class="nowrap"> </span>95 was followed by <a href="/wiki/Windows_98" title="Windows 98">Windows<span class="nowrap"> </span>98</a>. Nevertheless, Windows<span class="nowrap"> </span>95 remained the most popular operating system in 1998, despite the release of Windows<span class="nowrap"> </span>98.<sup id="cite_ref-W95-v-98_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-W95-v-98-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Microsoft ended mainstream support for Windows<span class="nowrap"> </span>95 on December 31, 2000. Like <a href="/wiki/Windows_NT_3.51" title="Windows NT 3.51">Windows<span class="nowrap"> </span>NT<span class="nowrap"> </span>3.51</a>, Windows<span class="nowrap"> </span>95 received only one year of extended support, ending on December 31, 2001. <span class="anchor" id="History"></span> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Development">Development</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Windows_95&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Development_of_Windows_95" title="Development of Windows 95">Development of Windows 95</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Windows_95" title="Special:EditPage/Windows 95">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2010</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The initial design and planning of Windows 95 can be traced back to around March 1992,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> just around the time before the release of <a href="/wiki/Windows_3.1" title="Windows 3.1">Windows 3.1</a>. At this time, <i>Windows for Workgroups 3.11</i> and <a href="/wiki/Windows_NT_3.1" title="Windows NT 3.1">Windows NT 3.1</a> were still in development. At this point, Microsoft's strategy was to have a next generation, high-end OS based on Windows NT, namely, <a href="/wiki/Cairo_(operating_system)" title="Cairo (operating system)">Cairo</a>, and a low-end, consumer-focused one as an evolution of Windows 3.1. The latter strategy was to develop a 32-bit underlying kernel and filesystem with 32-bit protected mode device drivers in Windows for Workgroups 3.11, to be used as the basis for the next version of Windows, code named "Chicago." Cairo would be Microsoft's next-generation operating system based on Windows NT, featuring a new user interface and an object-based file system, but it was not planned to be shipped before 1994. Cairo would never be shipped, however, although elements from the Cairo project eventually shipped in Windows NT 4.0 in late July 1996, without the object-based file system, which would later evolve into <a href="/wiki/WinFS" title="WinFS">WinFS</a>. </p><p>Simultaneously with Windows 3.1's release, <a href="/wiki/IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a> started shipping <a href="/wiki/OS/2_2.0#32-bit_era" class="mw-redirect" title="OS/2 2.0">OS/2 2.0</a>. Microsoft realized they required an updated version of Windows that could support 32-bit applications and preemptive multitasking, but could still run on low-end hardware (Windows NT did not). Initially, the "Chicago" team did not know how the product would be packaged. Initial thoughts were there might be two products, MS-DOS 7, which would just be the underlying OS, an evolution of the Windows for Workgroups 3.11 kernel, with a character mode OS on top, and a fully integrated graphical Windows OS. But soon into the project, the idea of MS-DOS 7 was abandoned and the decision was made to develop only an integrated graphical OS Windows "Chicago." </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Beta">Beta</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Windows_95&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Beta"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Before Windows 95's official release, users in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> and <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> had an opportunity to participate in the Windows 95 Preview Program.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For US$19.95/£19.95, users would receive several 3.5-inch floppy disks that would be used to install Windows 95 either as an upgrade from Windows 3.1 or as a fresh installation. Participants were also given a free preview of <a href="/wiki/MSN_Dial-up" title="MSN Dial-up">The Microsoft Network (MSN)</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Online_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Online service">online service</a> that Microsoft launched with Windows 95. During the preview period, Microsoft established various electronic distribution points for promotional and technical documentation on Chicago,<sup id="cite_ref-reviewGuide_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reviewGuide-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including a detailed document for media reviewers describing the new system highlights.<sup id="cite_ref-reviewGuide_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reviewGuide-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The preview versions expired in November 1995, after which the user would have to purchase their copy of the final version of Windows 95. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Architecture">Architecture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Windows_95&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Architecture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Microsoft_Windows_95_architecture.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Microsoft_Windows_95_architecture.svg/330px-Microsoft_Windows_95_architecture.svg.png" decoding="async" width="330" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Microsoft_Windows_95_architecture.svg/495px-Microsoft_Windows_95_architecture.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Microsoft_Windows_95_architecture.svg/660px-Microsoft_Windows_95_architecture.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="615" /></a><figcaption>Architectural diagram</figcaption></figure> <p>Windows 95 was designed to be maximally compatible with existing <a href="/wiki/MS-DOS" title="MS-DOS">MS-DOS</a> and 16-bit Windows programs and <a href="/wiki/Device_drivers" class="mw-redirect" title="Device drivers">device drivers</a> while offering a more stable and better performing system.<sup id="cite_ref-pre-multi_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pre-multi-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-w95-archi_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-w95-archi-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Windows 95 architecture is an evolution of <a href="/wiki/Windows_for_Workgroups" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows for Workgroups">Windows for Workgroups</a>' 386 enhanced mode. </p> <dl><dt>Configuration Manager (CONFIGMG)</dt> <dd>Responsible for implementing <a href="/wiki/Legacy_Plug_and_Play" title="Legacy Plug and Play">Plug and Play</a> functionality; monitoring hardware configuration changes; detecting devices using <i>bus enumerators</i>; and allocating <a href="/wiki/I/O_port" class="mw-redirect" title="I/O port">I/O ports</a>, <a href="/wiki/Interrupt_request_(PC_architecture)" class="mw-redirect" title="Interrupt request (PC architecture)">IRQs</a>, <a href="/wiki/DMA_channel" class="mw-redirect" title="DMA channel">DMA channels</a> and <a href="/wiki/Memory-mapped_I/O" class="mw-redirect" title="Memory-mapped I/O">memory</a> in a conflict-free fashion.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd> <dt>Installable File System Manager (Input/Output Subsystem)</dt> <dd>Coordinates access to supported file systems. Windows 95 initially shipped with support for <a href="/wiki/FAT12" class="mw-redirect" title="FAT12">FAT12</a>, <a href="/wiki/FAT16" class="mw-redirect" title="FAT16">FAT16</a>, the <a href="/wiki/VFAT" class="mw-redirect" title="VFAT">VFAT</a> extension, <a href="/wiki/ISO_9660" title="ISO 9660">ISO 9660</a> (CDFS), <a href="/wiki/Joliet_(file_system)" class="mw-redirect" title="Joliet (file system)">Joliet</a> and <a href="/wiki/Network_redirector" title="Network redirector">network redirectors</a>, with later releases supporting <a href="/wiki/FAT32" class="mw-redirect" title="FAT32">FAT32</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <p>Access requests to physical media are sent to <i>Input/Output Supervisor</i>, a component responsible for scheduling the requests. Each physical media has its device driver: access to the disk is performed by a <i>port driver</i>, while access to a <a href="/wiki/SCSI" title="SCSI">SCSI</a> device is handled by a <i><a href="/wiki/Miniport" title="Miniport">miniport</a></i> driver working atop the SCSI layer. Port and Miniport drivers perform I/O operations in 32-bit protected mode, bypassing MS-DOS and <a href="/wiki/BIOS" title="BIOS">BIOS</a>, significantly improving performance. In case there is no native Windows driver for a certain storage device, or if a device is forced to run in compatibility mode, the <i>Real Mode Mapper</i> can access it through MS-DOS.<sup id="cite_ref-oldnewthing2007_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oldnewthing2007-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>32-bit Windows programs are assigned their memory segments, which can be adjusted to any desired size. Memory areas outside the segment cannot be accessed by a program. If a program crashes, nothing else is harmed. Before this, programs used fixed non-exclusive 64 KB segments. While the 64 KB size was a serious handicap in DOS and Windows 3.x, lack of guarantee of exclusiveness was the cause of stability issues because programs sometimes overwrote each other's segments. A crashing Windows 3.x program could knock out surrounding processes.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Win32_API" class="mw-redirect" title="Win32 API">Win32 API</a> is implemented by three modules, each consisting of a 16-bit and a 32-bit component: </p> <dl><dt>Kernel</dt> <dd>Provides high-level access to <a href="/wiki/Memory_management" title="Memory management">memory</a> and <a href="/wiki/Process_management_(computing)" title="Process management (computing)">process management</a>, and access to the file system. Consists of KRNL386.EXE, <a href="/wiki/KERNEL32.DLL" class="mw-redirect" title="KERNEL32.DLL">KERNEL32.DLL</a>, and VWIN32.VXD.</dd> <dt>User</dt> <dd>Responsible for managing and drawing the various <a href="/wiki/User_interface" title="User interface">user interface</a> components, such as <a href="/wiki/Window_(computing)" title="Window (computing)">windows</a>, <a href="/wiki/Menu_(computing)" title="Menu (computing)">menus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Button_(computing)" title="Button (computing)">buttons</a>. Consists of USER.EXE and <a href="/wiki/USER32.DLL" class="mw-redirect" title="USER32.DLL">USER32.DLL</a>.</dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Graphics_Device_Interface" title="Graphics Device Interface">Graphics Device Interface</a> (GDI)</dt> <dd>Responsible for drawing graphics in a device-independent way. Consists of GDI.EXE and GDI32.DLL.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dependence_on_MS-DOS">Dependence on MS-DOS</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Windows_95&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Dependence on MS-DOS"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/MS-DOS_7" title="MS-DOS 7">MS-DOS 7</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Microsoft_Windows_95_Version_4.00.1111_command.com_MS-DOS_Prompt_492x259.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Microsoft_Windows_95_Version_4.00.1111_command.com_MS-DOS_Prompt_492x259.png/250px-Microsoft_Windows_95_Version_4.00.1111_command.com_MS-DOS_Prompt_492x259.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Microsoft_Windows_95_Version_4.00.1111_command.com_MS-DOS_Prompt_492x259.png/375px-Microsoft_Windows_95_Version_4.00.1111_command.com_MS-DOS_Prompt_492x259.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/Microsoft_Windows_95_Version_4.00.1111_command.com_MS-DOS_Prompt_492x259.png 2x" data-file-width="492" data-file-height="259" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Command.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Command.com">command.com</a> running in a <a href="/wiki/Windows_console" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows console">Windows console</a> on Windows 95 (MS-DOS Prompt)</figcaption></figure> <p>To end-users, MS-DOS appears as an underlying component of Windows 95. For example, it is possible to prevent the loading of the graphical user interface and boot the system into a real-mode MS-DOS environment. This was done by inserting <a href="/wiki/Command.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Command.com">command.com</a> into the autoexec.bat file or changing the BootGUI variable in the MSDOS.SYS file to 0. This sparked debate amongst users and professionals regarding the extent to which Windows 95 is an operating system or merely a graphical shell running on top of MS-DOS.<sup id="cite_ref-oldnewthing2007_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oldnewthing2007-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Schulman_1994_UnauthorizedWin95_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schulman_1994_UnauthorizedWin95-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Lea_1998_Cebit_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lea_1998_Cebit-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When the graphical user interface is started, the virtual machine manager takes over the filesystem-related and disk-related functionality. MS-DOS itself is demoted to a compatibility layer for 16-bit device drivers.<sup id="cite_ref-oldnewthing2007_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oldnewthing2007-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This contrasts with earlier versions of Windows which rely on MS-DOS to perform file and disk access (Windows for Workgroups 3.11 could also largely bypass MS-DOS when <a href="/wiki/32-bit_file_access" title="32-bit file access">32-bit file access</a> and <a href="/wiki/32-bit_disk_access" title="32-bit disk access">32-bit disk access</a> were enabled). Keeping MS-DOS in memory allows Windows 95 to use DOS device drivers when suitable Windows drivers are unavailable. Windows 95 is capable of using all 16-bit Windows 3.x drivers. </p><p>Unlike Windows 3.x, DOS programs running in Windows 95 do not need DOS drivers for the mouse, CD-ROM and sound card; Windows drivers are used instead. <a href="/wiki/HIMEM.SYS" title="HIMEM.SYS">HIMEM.SYS</a> is still required to boot Windows 95. <a href="/wiki/EMM386" title="EMM386">EMM386</a> and other memory managers, however, are only used by DOS programs. In addition, <a href="/wiki/CONFIG.SYS" title="CONFIG.SYS">CONFIG.SYS</a> and <a href="/wiki/AUTOEXEC.BAT" title="AUTOEXEC.BAT">AUTOEXEC.BAT</a> settings (aside from HIMEM.SYS) do not affect Windows programs. DOS games, which could not be executed on Windows 3.x, can run inside Windows 95 (games tended to lock up Windows 3.x or cause other problems). As with Windows 3.x, DOS programs that use <a href="/wiki/Enhanced_Graphics_Adapter" title="Enhanced Graphics Adapter">EGA</a> or <a href="/wiki/Video_Graphics_Array" title="Video Graphics Array">VGA</a> graphics modes run in windowed mode (<a href="/wiki/Color_Graphics_Adapter" title="Color Graphics Adapter">CGA</a> and <a href="/wiki/Text_mode" title="Text mode">text mode</a> programs can continue to run).<sup id="cite_ref-oldnewthing2007_19-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oldnewthing2007-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On startup, the MS-DOS component in Windows 95 responds to a pressed <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1249182868">.mw-parser-output .keyboard-key{border:1px solid #aaa;border-radius:0.2em;box-shadow:0.1em 0.1em 0.2em rgba(0,0,0,0.1);background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);background-image:linear-gradient(to bottom,var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0),var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa),var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0));color:var(--color-base,#202122);padding:0.1em 0.3em;font-family:inherit;font-size:0.85em}</style><kbd class="keyboard-key nowrap">F8</kbd> key by temporarily pausing the default boot process and presenting the DOS boot options menu, allowing the user to continue starting Windows normally, start Windows in <a href="/wiki/Safe_mode" title="Safe mode">safe mode</a> or exit to the DOS prompt.<sup id="cite_ref-Schulman_1994_UnauthorizedWin95_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schulman_1994_UnauthorizedWin95-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As in previous versions of <a href="/wiki/MS-DOS" title="MS-DOS">MS-DOS</a>, there is no 32-bit support and DOS drivers must be loaded for mice and other hardware. </p><p>As a consequence of DOS compatibility, Windows 95 has to keep internal DOS data structures synchronized with those of Windows 95. When starting a program, even a native 32-bit Windows program, MS-DOS momentarily executes to create a data structure known as the <a href="/wiki/Program_Segment_Prefix" title="Program Segment Prefix">Program Segment Prefix</a>. It is even possible for MS-DOS to run out of <a href="/wiki/Conventional_memory" title="Conventional memory">conventional memory</a> while doing so, preventing the program from launching.<sup id="cite_ref-Schulman_1994_UnauthorizedWin95_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schulman_1994_UnauthorizedWin95-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Windows 3.x allocated <i>fixed</i> segments in conventional memory first. Since the segments were allocated as fixed, Windows could not move them, which would prevent any more programs from launching. </p><p>Microsoft partially removed support for <a href="/wiki/File_Control_Block" title="File Control Block">File Control Blocks</a> (an API hold-over of DOS 1.x and <a href="/wiki/CP/M" title="CP/M">CP/M</a>) in Windows 95 OSR2 (<a href="/wiki/OEM" class="mw-redirect" title="OEM">OEM</a> Service Release 2). FCB functions can read <a href="/wiki/FAT32" class="mw-redirect" title="FAT32">FAT32</a> volumes, but not write to them. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="User_interface">User interface</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Windows_95&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: User interface"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Windows 95 introduced a redesigned <a href="/wiki/Windows_shell" title="Windows shell">shell</a> based around a <a href="/wiki/Desktop_metaphor" title="Desktop metaphor">desktop metaphor</a>; <a href="/wiki/Shortcut_(computing)#Microsoft_Windows" title="Shortcut (computing)">File shortcuts</a> (also known as shell links) were introduced <sup id="cite_ref-WinLNK_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WinLNK-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the desktop was re-purposed to hold shortcuts to applications, files and folders, reminiscent of <a href="/wiki/Mac_OS" class="mw-redirect" title="Mac OS">Mac OS</a>. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Windows_3.1" title="Windows 3.1">Windows 3.1</a>, the desktop was used to display icons of running applications. In Windows 95, the currently running applications were displayed as buttons on a <a href="/wiki/Taskbar" title="Taskbar">taskbar</a> across the bottom of the screen.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The taskbar also contained a notification area used to display icons for background applications, a volume control and the current time.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Start_menu" title="Start menu">Start menu</a>, invoked by clicking the "Start" button on the taskbar or by pressing the <a href="/wiki/Windows_key" title="Windows key">Windows key</a>, was introduced as an additional means of launching applications or opening documents. While maintaining the program groups used by its predecessor <a href="/wiki/Program_Manager" title="Program Manager">Program Manager</a>, it also displayed applications within cascading sub-menus.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The previous <a href="/wiki/File_Manager_(Windows)" class="mw-redirect" title="File Manager (Windows)">File Manager</a> program was replaced by <a href="/wiki/Windows_Explorer" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows Explorer">Windows Explorer</a> and the Explorer-based <a href="/wiki/Control_Panel_(Windows)" title="Control Panel (Windows)">Control Panel</a> and several other <a href="/wiki/Special_folder" title="Special folder">special folders</a> were added such as My Computer, Dial-Up Networking, Recycle Bin, Network Neighborhood, My Documents, Recent documents, Fonts, Printers, and <a href="/wiki/Briefcase_(Microsoft_Windows)" title="Briefcase (Microsoft Windows)">My Briefcase</a> among others. <a href="/wiki/AutoRun" title="AutoRun">AutoRun</a> was introduced for CD drives. </p><p>The user interface looked dramatically different from prior versions of Windows, but its design language did not have a special name like <i><a href="/wiki/Metro_(design_language)" title="Metro (design language)">Metro</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Aqua_(user_interface)" title="Aqua (user interface)">Aqua</a></i> or <i><a href="/wiki/Material_Design" title="Material Design">Material Design</a></i>. Internally it was called "the new shell" and later simply "the shell".<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The subproject within Microsoft to develop the new shell was internally known as "Stimpy".<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1096940132">.mw-parser-output .listen .side-box-text{line-height:1.1em}.mw-parser-output .listen-plain{border:none;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded{width:100%;margin:0;border-width:1px 0 0 0;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-header{padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded .listen-header{padding:2px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen-file-header{padding:4px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen .description{padding-top:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen .mw-tmh-player{max-width:100%}@media(max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .listen{clear:both}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .listen:not(.listen-noimage){width:320px}.mw-parser-output .listen-left{overflow:visible;float:left}.mw-parser-output .listen-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right listen noprint"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/50px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/75px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/100px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Microsoft_Sound_(Windows_95).wav" title="File:The Microsoft Sound (Windows 95).wav">"The Microsoft Sound"</a></div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" style="width:232px;" data-durationhint="7" data-mwtitle="The_Microsoft_Sound_(Windows_95).wav" data-mwprovider="local"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/transcoded/4/42/The_Microsoft_Sound_%28Windows_95%29.wav/The_Microsoft_Sound_%28Windows_95%29.wav.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-transcodekey="ogg" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/transcoded/4/42/The_Microsoft_Sound_%28Windows_95%29.wav/The_Microsoft_Sound_%28Windows_95%29.wav.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/4/42/The_Microsoft_Sound_%28Windows_95%29.wav" type="audio/wav" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></div> <div class="description">Startup sound for Windows 95, composed by Brian Eno</div></div></div></div> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"><hr /><i class="selfreference">Problems playing this file? See <a href="/wiki/Help:Media" title="Help:Media">media help</a>.</i></div> </div> <p>In 1994, Microsoft designers <a href="/wiki/Mark_Malamud" title="Mark Malamud">Mark Malamud</a> and Erik Gavriluk approached <a href="/wiki/Brian_Eno" title="Brian Eno">Brian Eno</a> to compose music for the Windows 95 project.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The result was the six-second start-up music-sound of the Windows 95 operating system, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Microsoft_Sound" class="mw-redirect" title="The Microsoft Sound">The Microsoft Sound</a></i> and it was first released as a startup sound in May 1995 on Windows 95 May Test Release build 468.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When released for Windows 95 and Windows NT 4.0, <a href="/wiki/Internet_Explorer_4" title="Internet Explorer 4">Internet Explorer 4</a> came with an optional <a href="/wiki/Windows_Desktop_Update" title="Windows Desktop Update">Windows Desktop Update</a>, which modified the shell to provide several additional updates to Windows Explorer, including a <i>Quick Launch</i> toolbar, and new features integrated with Internet Explorer, such as <a href="/wiki/Active_Desktop" title="Active Desktop">Active Desktop</a> (which allowed Internet content to be displayed directly on the desktop). </p><p>Some of the user interface elements introduced in Windows 95, such as the desktop, taskbar, Start menu and Windows Explorer file manager, remained fundamentally unchanged on future versions of Windows. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Technical_improvements">Technical improvements</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Windows_95&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Technical improvements"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Windows_95" title="Special:EditPage/Windows 95">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Windows 95 included support for 255-character mixed-case <a href="/wiki/Long_filename" title="Long filename">long filenames</a><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Preemption_(computing)" title="Preemption (computing)">preemptively</a> multitasked protected-mode 32-bit applications. 16-bit processes were still co-operatively multitasked. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Plug_and_Play">Plug and Play</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Windows_95&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Plug and Play"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Legacy_Plug_and_Play" title="Legacy Plug and Play">Legacy Plug and Play</a> and <a href="/wiki/Device_Manager" title="Device Manager">Device Manager</a></div> <p>Windows 95 tried to automate device detection and configuration as much as possible, but could still fall back to manual settings if necessary. During the initial install process of Windows 95, it would attempt to automatically detect all devices installed in the system. </p><p>Windows 95 also introduced the Device Manager to indicate which devices were working optimally with correct drivers and configuration and to allow the user to override automatic Plug and Play-based driver installation with manual options or give a choice of several semi-automatic configurations to try to free up resources for devices that still needed manual configuration. </p><p>Windows 95 also has built-in support for <a href="/wiki/Advanced_Power_Management" title="Advanced Power Management">Advanced Power Management</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Long_file_names">Long file names</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Windows_95&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Long file names"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Long_filename" title="Long filename">Long filename</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/32-bit_File_Access" class="mw-redirect" title="32-bit File Access">32-bit File Access</a> is necessary for the <i>long file names</i> feature introduced with Windows 95 through the use of the <a href="/wiki/VFAT" class="mw-redirect" title="VFAT">VFAT</a> file system extension. It is available to both Windows programs and MS-DOS programs started from Windows (they have to be adapted slightly, since accessing long file names requires using larger <a href="/wiki/Pathname" class="mw-redirect" title="Pathname">pathname</a> <a href="/wiki/Buffer_(computer_science)" class="mw-redirect" title="Buffer (computer science)">buffers</a> and hence different <a href="/wiki/System_call" title="System call">system calls</a>). Competing DOS-compatible operating systems released before Windows 95 cannot see these names. Using older versions of DOS utilities to manipulate files means that the long names are not visible and are lost if files are moved or renamed and by the copy (but not the original) if the file is copied. During a Windows 95 automatic upgrade of an older Windows 3.1 system, DOS and third-party disk utilities which can destroy long file names are identified and made unavailable. When Windows 95 is started in DOS mode, e.g. for running DOS programs, low-level access to disks is locked out. In case the need arises to depend on disk utilities that do not recognize long file names, such as the MS-DOS 6.x's defrag utility, a program called LFNBACK for backup and restoration of long file names is provided on the CD-ROM, specifically in its \ADMIN\APPTOOLS\LFNBACK directory. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="32-bit">32-bit</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Windows_95&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 32-bit"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Windows 95 followed <a href="/wiki/Windows_for_Workgroups" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows for Workgroups">Windows for Workgroups</a> 3.11 with its lack of support for older, 16-bit <a href="/wiki/X86" title="X86">x86</a> processors, thus requiring an <a href="/wiki/Intel_80386" class="mw-redirect" title="Intel 80386">Intel 80386</a> (or compatible). While the OS kernel is 32-bit, much code (especially for the user interface) remained 16-bit for performance reasons as well as development time constraints. </p><p>The introduction of <a href="/wiki/32-bit_file_access" title="32-bit file access">32-bit file access</a> in Windows for Workgroups 3.11 meant that 16-bit real mode MS-DOS is not used for managing the files while Windows is running, and the earlier introduction of the <a href="/wiki/32-bit_disk_access" title="32-bit disk access">32-bit disk access</a> means that the PC <a href="/wiki/BIOS" title="BIOS">BIOS</a> is often no longer used for managing hard disks. DOS can be used for running old-style <a href="/wiki/Device_driver" title="Device driver">drivers</a> for compatibility, but Microsoft discourages using them, as this prevents proper multitasking and impairs system stability. <a href="/wiki/Control_Panel_(Windows)" title="Control Panel (Windows)">Control Panel</a> allows a user to see which MS-DOS components are used by the system; optimal performance is achieved when they are bypassed. The Windows <a href="/wiki/Kernel_(operating_system)" title="Kernel (operating system)">kernel</a> uses MS-DOS style real-mode drivers in <i><a href="/wiki/Safe_Mode" class="mw-redirect" title="Safe Mode">Safe Mode</a></i>, which exists to allow a user to fix problems relating to loading native, protected-mode drivers. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Core_improvements_in_OEM_Service_Releases">Core improvements in OEM Service Releases</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Windows_95&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Core improvements in OEM Service Releases"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>OEM Service Releases of Windows 95 introduced support in Windows for several core new technologies that were not included in the original release of Windows 95. These include the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Explorer" title="Internet Explorer">Internet Explorer</a> web browser, <a href="/wiki/DriveSpace" title="DriveSpace">DriveSpace</a> compression, <a href="/wiki/OpenGL" title="OpenGL">OpenGL</a>, <a href="/wiki/DirectX" title="DirectX">DirectX</a>, <a href="/wiki/FAT32" class="mw-redirect" title="FAT32">FAT32</a> file system support, <a href="/wiki/UDMA" title="UDMA">UltraDMA</a> mode for disk drives, <a href="/wiki/Universal_Serial_Bus" class="mw-redirect" title="Universal Serial Bus">Universal Serial Bus</a>, <a href="/wiki/IEEE_1394" title="IEEE 1394">IEEE 1394 (FireWire)</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Accelerated_Graphics_Port" title="Accelerated Graphics Port">Accelerated Graphics Port</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Accessibility_features">Accessibility features</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Windows_95&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Accessibility features"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Windows 95 introduced <a href="/wiki/Computer_accessibility" title="Computer accessibility">computer accessibility</a> features like <a href="/wiki/Sticky_keys" title="Sticky keys">Sticky keys</a>, <a href="/wiki/FilterKeys" title="FilterKeys">FilterKeys</a>, <a href="/wiki/ToggleKeys" title="ToggleKeys">ToggleKeys</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mouse_keys" title="Mouse keys">Mouse keys</a>. <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Active_Accessibility" title="Microsoft Active Accessibility">Microsoft Active Accessibility</a> API was introduced as an add-on for Windows 95. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="System_requirements">System requirements</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Windows_95&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: System requirements"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Official system requirements were an <a href="/wiki/Intel_386" class="mw-redirect" title="Intel 386">Intel 386</a>DX CPU of any speed, 4 MB of system RAM and 50–55 MB of hard disk space depending on features selected. These minimal claims were made in order to maximize the available market of Windows 3.1 migrations. This configuration would rely heavily on <a href="/wiki/Virtual_memory" title="Virtual memory">virtual memory</a> and was only optimal for productive use on single-tasking dedicated workstations.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was possible to run Windows 95 on a 386 SX, but this led to even less acceptable performance due to its 16-bit external data bus. To achieve optimal performance, Microsoft recommended an <a href="/wiki/I486" title="I486">i486</a> or compatible CPU with at least 8 MB of RAM.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Windows 95 may fail to boot on computers with a processor faster than 2.1 GHz and more than approximately 480 MB of memory.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In such a case, reducing the file cache size or the size of video memory can help.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The theoretical maximum according to Microsoft is 2 GB.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Most copies of Windows 95 were on <a href="/wiki/CD-ROM" title="CD-ROM">CD-ROM</a>, but a <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style><span class="frac">3<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span>-inch floppy version was also available for older machines. The retail floppy disk version of Windows 95 came on 13 <a href="/wiki/Distribution_Media_Format" title="Distribution Media Format">DMF</a> formatted floppy disks, while OSR2.1 doubled the floppy count to 26. Both versions exclude additional software that the CD-ROM version might have featured. <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Plus!" title="Microsoft Plus!">Microsoft Plus!</a> for Windows 95 was also available on floppy disks. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Upgradeability">Upgradeability</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Windows_95&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Upgradeability"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Windows 95 was superseded by <a href="/wiki/Windows_98" title="Windows 98">Windows 98</a>, which also included the <a href="/wiki/Windows_Desktop_Update" title="Windows Desktop Update">Windows Desktop Update</a> and <a href="/wiki/Internet_Explorer_4" title="Internet Explorer 4">Internet Explorer 4</a> by default. It could still be directly upgraded by either Windows 2000 Professional<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <a href="/wiki/Windows_Me" title="Windows Me">Windows Me</a>. <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Office_2000" title="Microsoft Office 2000">Office 2000</a> was the last version of <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Office" title="Microsoft Office">Microsoft Office</a> to be compatible with Windows 95. Similarly, <a href="/wiki/Windows_Media_Player" title="Windows Media Player">Windows Media Player</a> 7.0, released in June 2000, and <a href="/wiki/DirectX" title="DirectX">DirectX</a> 8.0a, released in February 2001, are the last versions of Windows Media Player and DirectX available for Windows 95, respectively. </p><p>Updates for Windows 95 could be installed via the <a href="/wiki/Windows_Update" title="Windows Update">Windows Update</a> website. The Windows Update website for Windows 95 and 98 was removed in 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An independent project named Windows Update Restored aims to restore the Windows Update websites for older versions of Windows, including Windows 95.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:02_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While Windows 95 did not officially support the <a href="/wiki/.NET_Framework" title=".NET Framework">.NET Framework</a>, versions <a href="/wiki/.NET_Framework_2.0" class="mw-redirect" title=".NET Framework 2.0">2.0</a> and <a href="/wiki/.NET_Framework_3.5" class="mw-redirect" title=".NET Framework 3.5">3.5</a> were unofficially <a href="/wiki/Backporting" title="Backporting">backported</a> for the operating system in 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Internet_Explorer">Internet Explorer</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Windows_95&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Internet Explorer"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Windows 95 originally shipped without <a href="/wiki/Internet_Explorer" title="Internet Explorer">Internet Explorer</a>, and the default network installation did not include <a href="/wiki/TCP/IP" class="mw-redirect" title="TCP/IP">TCP/IP</a>, the network protocol used on the Internet. At the release date of Windows 95, Internet Explorer 1.0 was available,<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but only in the <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Plus!#Microsoft_Plus!_for_Windows_95" title="Microsoft Plus!">Plus!</a> add-on pack for Windows 95, which was a separate product. The Plus! pack did not reach as many retail consumers as the operating system itself (it was mainly advertised for its non-Internet-related add-ons such as <a href="/wiki/Theme_(computing)" title="Theme (computing)">themes</a> and better disk compression) but was usually included in <a href="/wiki/Pre-installed" class="mw-redirect" title="Pre-installed">pre-installed</a> (<a href="/wiki/Original_equipment_manufacturer" title="Original equipment manufacturer">OEM</a>) sales, and at the time of Windows 95's release, the web was being browsed mainly with a variety of early web browsers such as <a href="/wiki/NCSA_Mosaic" title="NCSA Mosaic">NCSA Mosaic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Netscape_Navigator" title="Netscape Navigator">Netscape Navigator</a> (promoted by products such as <a href="/wiki/IBox" title="IBox">IBox</a>). </p><p>Windows 95 OEM Service Release 1 was the first release of Windows to include <a href="/wiki/Internet_Explorer" title="Internet Explorer">Internet Explorer</a> (version <a href="/wiki/Internet_Explorer_2" title="Internet Explorer 2">2.0</a>) with the OS. While there was no uninstaller, it could be deleted easily if desired. OEM Service Release 2 included <a href="/wiki/Internet_Explorer_3" title="Internet Explorer 3">Internet Explorer 3</a>. The installation of <a href="/wiki/Internet_Explorer_4" title="Internet Explorer 4">Internet Explorer 4</a> on Windows 95 (or the OSR2.5 version preinstalled on a computer) gave Windows 95 Active Desktop and browser integration into Windows Explorer, known as the <a href="/wiki/Windows_Desktop_Update" title="Windows Desktop Update">Windows Desktop Update</a>. The CD version of the last release of Windows 95, OEM Service Release 2.5 (version 4.00.950C), includes Internet Explorer 4, and installs it after Windows 95's initial setup and first boot are complete. </p><p>While only the 4.x series of the browser contained the option to install the Windows Desktop Update features, the subsequent 5.x version had the option hidden. Editing the installer's configuration file located in a temporary folder would make the feature available in the installer. Alternatively, Windows 95 and Windows NT 4.0 users could first install IE 4 with the desktop update before installing a newer version of Internet Explorer. The last version of Internet Explorer supported on Windows 95 is <a href="/wiki/Internet_Explorer_5" title="Internet Explorer 5">Internet Explorer 5.5 with SP2</a>, which was released on July 23, 2001. Windows 95 shipped with Microsoft's dial-up online service called <a href="/wiki/MSN_Dial-up" title="MSN Dial-up">The Microsoft Network (MSN)</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Release_and_promotion">Release and promotion</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Windows_95&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Release and promotion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sales were projected as high as $720 million on release day. The marketing campaign for Windows 95 was estimated at $1 billion and spanned the entire industry.<sup id="cite_ref-merid_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-merid-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Windows 95 release included a commercial featuring <a href="/wiki/The_Rolling_Stones" title="The Rolling Stones">The Rolling Stones</a>' 1981 single "<a href="/wiki/Start_Me_Up" title="Start Me Up">Start Me Up</a>" (a reference to the Start button).<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was widely reported that <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a> paid the Rolling Stones between US$8 and US$14 million for the use of the song in the Windows 95 advertising campaign. However, Microsoft said that this was just a rumour spread by the band to increase their market value, and the company paid US$3 million.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A 30-minute promotional video, labeled a "cyber sitcom," featuring <a href="/wiki/Jennifer_Aniston" title="Jennifer Aniston">Jennifer Aniston</a> and <a href="/wiki/Matthew_Perry" title="Matthew Perry">Matthew Perry</a>, was also released to showcase the features of Windows 95.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Microsoft's US$200 million advertising campaign featured stories of people waiting in line outside stores to get a copy.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the UK, the largest computer chain, <a href="/wiki/PC_World_(retailer)" title="PC World (retailer)">PC World</a>, received a large quantity of point-of-sale material; many branches opened at midnight to sell the first copies of the product. Copies of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a></i> were available for free, and Microsoft paid for 1.5 million issues (twice the daily circulation at the time).<sup id="cite_ref-FriedCNET_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FriedCNET-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the United States, the <a href="/wiki/Empire_State_Building" title="Empire State Building">Empire State Building</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> was lit to match the colors of the Windows logo.<sup id="cite_ref-WashPost1995_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WashPost1995-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Canada, a 100 m (330 ft) banner was hung down the side of the <a href="/wiki/CN_Tower" title="CN Tower">CN Tower</a> in <a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The release included a number of "Fun Stuff" items on the CD, including music videos of <a href="/wiki/Edie_Brickell" title="Edie Brickell">Edie Brickell</a>'s "Good Times"<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Weezer" title="Weezer">Weezer</a>'s "<a href="/wiki/Buddy_Holly_(song)" title="Buddy Holly (song)">Buddy Holly</a>," a trailer for the 1995 film <i><a href="/wiki/Rob_Roy_(1995_film)" title="Rob Roy (1995 film)">Rob Roy</a></i> and the computer game <i><a href="/wiki/Hover!" title="Hover!">Hover!</a></i><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sales were strong, with one million copies shipped worldwide in just four days.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to <a href="/wiki/International_Data_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="International Data Corporation">International Data Corporation</a>, by the end of 1998, Windows 95 was the most used desktop OS with 57.4% of the marketshare, with its successor <a href="/wiki/Windows_98" title="Windows 98">Windows 98</a> coming in second at 17.2%. Windows 95 also still sold more non-<a href="/wiki/OEM" class="mw-redirect" title="OEM">OEM</a> copies to large customers in the month of May 1999, which analysts attributed to large companies opting to wait for the release of <a href="/wiki/Windows_2000" title="Windows 2000">Windows 2000</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-W95-v-98_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-W95-v-98-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Editions">Editions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Windows_95&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Editions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"OSR2" redirects here. For the gene, see <a href="/wiki/OSR2_(gene)" title="OSR2 (gene)">OSR2 (gene)</a>.</div> <p>Several Windows 95 editions have been released. Only the original release was sold as a shrink-wrapped product; later editions were provided only to computer <a href="/wiki/OEM" class="mw-redirect" title="OEM">OEMs</a> for installation on new PCs. For this reason, these editions are known as <b>OEM Service Releases</b> (<b>OSR</b>). </p><p>Together with the introduction of Windows 95, Microsoft released the <i><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Plus!" title="Microsoft Plus!">Microsoft Plus!</a> for Windows 95</i> pack, which contained several optional components for high-end multimedia PCs, including Internet Explorer, DriveSpace and additional themes. </p><p>The first service pack was made available half a year after the original release and fixed several small bugs.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The second service pack mainly introduced support for new hardware, most notably support for hard drives larger than 2 GB in the form of the <a href="/wiki/FAT32" class="mw-redirect" title="FAT32">FAT32</a> file system.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This release was never made available to end-users directly and was only sold through OEMs (OSR2) with the purchase of a new PC. </p><p>A full third service pack was never released, but two smaller revisions to the second were released in the form of a USB Supplement (OSR2.1) and the <a href="/wiki/Windows_Desktop_Update" title="Windows Desktop Update">Windows Desktop Update</a> (OSR2.5).<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both were made available as updated disc images shipped by OEMs, and the Windows Desktop Update was also released with the standalone Internet Explorer 4.0 release. OSR2.5 was notable for featuring several changes to the Windows Explorer, integrating it with Internet Explorer 4.0—this version of Internet Explorer looks very similar to the one featured in Windows 98. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="font-size: 80%; text-align: center; width: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" rowspan="2">Release </th> <th scope="col" rowspan="2">Code name </th> <th scope="col" rowspan="2">Release date </th> <th scope="col" rowspan="2">CD-Code<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th scope="col" colspan="3">Version </th> <th scope="col" colspan="5">Software components </th> <th scope="col" colspan="9">Hardware support </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="col">System properties<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th scope="col">System files<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th scope="col">Timestamp </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/MS-DOS" title="MS-DOS">MS-DOS</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/Internet_Explorer" title="Internet Explorer">Internet Explorer</a><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/DriveSpace" title="DriveSpace">DriveSpace</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/OpenGL" title="OpenGL">OpenGL</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/DirectX" title="DirectX">DirectX</a><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/FAT32" class="mw-redirect" title="FAT32">FAT32</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/Infrared_Data_Association" title="Infrared Data Association">Infrared</a><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/UDMA" title="UDMA">UDMA</a><sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/Interrupt_request_(PC_architecture)" class="mw-redirect" title="Interrupt request (PC architecture)">IRQ</a> steering<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/USB" title="USB">USB</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/IEEE_1394" title="IEEE 1394">IEEE 1394</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/Accelerated_Graphics_Port" title="Accelerated Graphics Port">AGP</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/MMX_(instruction_set)" title="MMX (instruction set)">MMX</a><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/P6_(microarchitecture)" title="P6 (microarchitecture)">P6</a><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Windows 95 (retail and OEM) </th> <td>Chicago </td> <td rowspan="2">August 24, 1995 </td> <td>0795 </td> <td>4.00.950 </td> <td>4.00.950 </td> <td>1995-07-11 09:50:00 </td> <td rowspan="4">7.0 </td> <td>1.0 OEM only </td> <td>2 </td> <td rowspan="4" data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td rowspan="4" data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td rowspan="4" style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td rowspan="4" style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td rowspan="4" style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td rowspan="5" style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td rowspan="4" style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td rowspan="5" style="background:#FFC7C7;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-no">No </td> <td rowspan="4" style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial">Bugs </td> <td rowspan="4" style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial">Bugs </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Microsoft Plus! for Windows 95 </th> <td>Frosting </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">—</td> <td>4.40.310</td> <td>1995-07-14 04:40:00 </td> <td>1.0 </td> <td>3 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Service Pack 1 </th> <td rowspan="3" data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td rowspan="2">February 14, 1996<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td rowspan="2">4.00.950a</td> <td rowspan="2">4.00.951<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>1995-12-31 09:50:00 </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Internet_Explorer_2" title="Internet Explorer 2">2.0</a><sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td rowspan="2">2 </td> <td rowspan="6" style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">OEM Service Release 1 </th> <td>0196 </td> <td>1995-12-29 09:51:00 </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">OEM Service Release 2 </th> <td>August 30, 1996 </td> <td>0796 </td> <td rowspan="2">4.00.950 B </td> <td>4.00.1111 </td> <td>1996-08-24 11:11:11 </td> <td rowspan="3">7.1 </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Internet_Explorer_3" title="Internet Explorer 3">3.0</a> </td> <td rowspan="3">3 </td> <td rowspan="3">1.1 </td> <td rowspan="2">2.0a </td> <td rowspan="3" style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td rowspan="3" style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td rowspan="3" style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td rowspan="3" style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td rowspan="3" style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes*<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>f<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">OEM Service Release 2.1 </th> <td>Detroit </td> <td>August 27, 1997<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>0197 (US) / 0397 </td> <td>4.03.1212<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>g<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />4.03.1214<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>h<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /> <p>4.03.1216 (unofficial, with the updated USB supplement) <sup id="cite_ref-4.03.1214_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4.03.1214-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>i<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </td> <td>1997-04-10 12:14:00 </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td> <td rowspan="2" style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">OEM Service Release 2.5 </th> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">— </td> <td>November 26, 1997 </td> <td>1297 </td> <td>4.00.950 C</td> <td>4.03.1216<sup id="cite_ref-4.03.1214_79-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4.03.1214-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>i<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>1997-11-26 12:16:00 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Internet_Explorer_4#Overview" title="Internet Explorer 4">4.00</a> </td> <td>5.0 </td> <td style="background:#9EFF9E;color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-yes">Yes </td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-lower-alpha" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The version string displayed in the "System properties" tab. Right-click on "My Computer" and choose "Properties".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The version of updated system files. Note that most system files which have not been updated often retain their old version number. Version numbers are not consistently used: some system files may have older or newer build numbers or use a version numbering scheme separate from regular system files.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Upgradable to 5.5</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Upgradable to 8.0a</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Some components have higher build numbers up to 955.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">With the Memory Management fix (VMM2XUPD.EXE) applied (official),<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or with the updated USB supplement (4.03.1216) (unofficial for OSR2/2.1).<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Original release of the USB Supplement to OSR2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Updated version of the USB Supplement to OSR2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4.03.1214-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-4.03.1214_79-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-4.03.1214_79-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">The Microsoft Knowledge Base reports 4.03.1214. This USB Supplement to OSR2 (included with OSR2.5 only, named <b>usbupd2.exe</b>) contains an updated VMM.VXD with support for the Pentium Pro and Pentium II. This file has version 4.03.1216 and has a timestamp of September 23, 1997 09:51:18.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Windows_95&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On December 31, 2001, Microsoft ended its support for Windows 95, making it an "obsolete" product per the Microsoft Lifecycle Policy.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Many features have since become key components of the Microsoft Windows series, such as the <a href="/wiki/Start_menu" title="Start menu">Start menu</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Taskbar" title="Taskbar">taskbar</a>, originated in Windows 95. Neil MacDonald, a <a href="/wiki/Gartner" title="Gartner">Gartner</a> analyst, said that Windows 95 "was a quantum leap in difference in technological capability and stability." Ina Fried of <i><a href="/wiki/CNET" title="CNET">CNET</a></i> said that "by the time Windows 95 was finally ushered off the market in 2001, it had become a fixture on computer desktops around the world."<sup id="cite_ref-FriedCNET_48-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FriedCNET-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The basic design of Windows 95, with its combination of a desktop that can be used as a storage location, a pop-out application menu, and a taskbar showing running applications, a clock and a <a href="/wiki/System_tray" class="mw-redirect" title="System tray">system tray</a>, was strongly influential on future user interfaces for desktop operating systems. The core UI concepts of Windows 95 have persisted up to the present day in both Windows itself as well as on other operating systems like <a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>, with the default behaviour of desktop environments like <a href="/wiki/KDE_Software_Compilation" title="KDE Software Compilation">KDE</a> and <a href="/wiki/XFCE" class="mw-redirect" title="XFCE">XFCE</a> replicating it in many aspects.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Even though support for Windows 95 has ended, the software has occasionally remained in use on legacy systems for various purposes. In addition, some video game enthusiasts choose to use Windows 95 for their <a href="/wiki/Legacy_system" title="Legacy system">legacy system</a> to play old DOS games, although some other versions of Windows such as Windows 98 can also be used for this purpose. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Windows_95&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:EC1835_C_cut.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/EC1835_C_cut.jpg/24px-EC1835_C_cut.jpg" decoding="async" width="24" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/EC1835_C_cut.jpg/35px-EC1835_C_cut.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/EC1835_C_cut.jpg/47px-EC1835_C_cut.jpg 2x" data-file-width="506" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:1990s" title="Portal:1990s">1990s portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_9x" title="Windows 9x">Windows 9x</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Windows_95&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-With_Windows_95's_Debut,_Microsoft_Scales_Heights_of_Hype-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-With_Windows_95's_Debut,_Microsoft_Scales_Heights_of_Hype_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-With_Windows_95's_Debut,_Microsoft_Scales_Heights_of_Hype_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSegal1995" class="citation news cs1">Segal, David (August 24, 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/business/longterm/microsoft/stories/1995/debut082495.htm">"With Windows 95's Debut, Microsoft's Scales Heights of Hype"</a>. <i>Washington Post</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110629002157/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/business/longterm/microsoft/stories/1995/debut082495.htm">Archived</a> from the original on June 29, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 14,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Washington+Post&rft.atitle=With+Windows+95%27s+Debut%2C+Microsoft%27s+Scales+Heights+of+Hype&rft.date=1995-08-24&rft.aulast=Segal&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-srv%2Fbusiness%2Flongterm%2Fmicrosoft%2Fstories%2F1995%2Fdebut082495.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+95" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThurrott1997" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Thurrott&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Thurrott (page does not exist)">Thurrott, Paul</a> (October 19, 1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170603060906/http://windowsitpro.com/windows-server/microsoft-release-windows-95-osr-25">"Microsoft to release Windows 95 OSR 2.5"</a>. <i>Windows IT Pro</i>. <a href="/wiki/Penton_(company)" title="Penton (company)">Penton</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://windowsitpro.com/windows-server/microsoft-release-windows-95-osr-25">the original</a> on June 3, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 27,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Windows+IT+Pro&rft.atitle=Microsoft+to+release+Windows+95+OSR+2.5&rft.date=1997-10-19&rft.aulast=Thurrott&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwindowsitpro.com%2Fwindows-server%2Fmicrosoft-release-windows-95-osr-25&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+95" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lifecycle-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lifecycle_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lifecycle_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://support.microsoft.com/lifecycle/?p1=7864">"Microsoft Support Lifecycle"</a>. Microsoft. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121122121129/http://support.microsoft.com/lifecycle/?p1=7864">Archived</a> from the original on November 22, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 7,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Microsoft+Support+Lifecycle&rft.pub=Microsoft&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsupport.microsoft.com%2Flifecycle%2F%3Fp1%3D7864&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+95" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WashPost1995-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WashPost1995_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WashPost1995_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSegal1995" class="citation news cs1">Segal, David (August 24, 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/business/longterm/microsoft/stories/1995/debut082495.htm">"With Windows 95's Debut, Microsoft Scales Heights of Hype"</a>. <i>The Washington Post</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190502031212/https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/business/longterm/microsoft/stories/1995/debut082495.htm">Archived</a> from the original on May 2, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 9,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=With+Windows+95%27s+Debut%2C+Microsoft+Scales+Heights+of+Hype&rft.date=1995-08-24&rft.aulast=Segal&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-srv%2Fbusiness%2Flongterm%2Fmicrosoft%2Fstories%2F1995%2Fdebut082495.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+95" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLong,_Tony2011" class="citation news cs1">Long, Tony (August 24, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wired.com/thisdayintech/2011/08/0824windows-95/">"Aug. 24, 1995: Say Hello to Windows 95"</a>. <i>Wired.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131212154004/http://www.wired.com/thisdayintech/2011/08/0824windows-95/">Archived</a> from the original on December 12, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 21,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wired.com&rft.atitle=Aug.+24%2C+1995%3A+Say+Hello+to+Windows+95&rft.date=2011-08-24&rft.au=Long%2C+Tony&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2Fthisdayintech%2F2011%2F08%2F0824windows-95%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+95" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHickey" class="citation web cs1">Hickey, Matt. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/matthickey/2015/08/24/windows-95-was-the-most-important-operating-system-of-all-time/">"Windows 95 Was The Most Important Operating System Of All Time"</a>. <i>Forbes</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230520160205/https://www.forbes.com/sites/matthickey/2015/08/24/windows-95-was-the-most-important-operating-system-of-all-time/">Archived</a> from the original on May 20, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 20,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft.atitle=Windows+95+Was+The+Most+Important+Operating+System+Of+All+Time&rft.aulast=Hickey&rft.aufirst=Matt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fsites%2Fmatthickey%2F2015%2F08%2F24%2Fwindows-95-was-the-most-important-operating-system-of-all-time%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+95" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFadmin-ectnews2020" class="citation web cs1">admin-ectnews (August 31, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.technewsworld.com/story/25-year-anniversary-how-windows-95-forever-changed-personal-computing-86823.html">"25-Year Anniversary: How Windows 95 Forever Changed Personal Computing"</a>. <i>TechNewsWorld</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230520160209/https://www.technewsworld.com/story/25-year-anniversary-how-windows-95-forever-changed-personal-computing-86823.html">Archived</a> from the original on May 20, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 20,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TechNewsWorld&rft.atitle=25-Year+Anniversary%3A+How+Windows+95+Forever+Changed+Personal+Computing&rft.date=2020-08-31&rft.au=admin-ectnews&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.technewsworld.com%2Fstory%2F25-year-anniversary-how-windows-95-forever-changed-personal-computing-86823.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+95" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-W95-v-98-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-W95-v-98_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-W95-v-98_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150721024703/https://www.cnet.com/news/windows-95-remains-most-popular-operating-system/">"Windows 95 remains most popular operating system"</a>. <i>CNET</i>. 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Microsoft. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://groklaw.net/pdf/iowa/www.iowaconsumercase.org/011607/1000/PX01308.pdf">Plaintiff's Exhibit 1308</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191130211809/http://groklaw.net/pdf/iowa/www.iowaconsumercase.org/011607/1000/PX01308.pdf">Archived</a> November 30, 2019, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Comes v. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 23,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=PERSONAL+COMPUTERS%3B+Microsoft%27s+New+System+Promises+to+Fix+Glitches&rft.date=1994-07-19&rft.au=Stephen+Manes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1994%2F07%2F19%2Fscience%2Fpersonal-computers-microsoft-s-new-system-promises-to-fix-glitches.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+95" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pre-multi-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pre-multi_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080117085655/http://support.microsoft.com/kb/117567">"How 16-Bit and 32-Bit Programs Multitask in Windows 95"</a>. <i>Microsoft Support</i>. <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a>. November 15, 2006. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://support.microsoft.com/kb/117567">the original</a> on January 17, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 27,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Engadget&rft.atitle=Windows+3.0-style+file+browser+lets+you+navigate+like+it%27s+the+90s&rft.date=2018-04-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.engadget.com%2F2018-04-09-windows-3-file-browser-open-source.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+95" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://betanews.com/2019/08/30/windows-95-new-user-interface/">"New version of Windows 95 gains a snazzy user interface on Windows 10, macOS and Linux"</a>. <i>BetaNews</i>. August 30, 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806135815/https://betanews.com/2019/08/30/windows-95-new-user-interface/">Archived</a> from the original on August 6, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 27,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BetaNews&rft.atitle=New+version+of+Windows+95+gains+a+snazzy+user+interface+on+Windows+10%2C+macOS+and+Linux&rft.date=2019-08-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbetanews.com%2F2019%2F08%2F30%2Fwindows-95-new-user-interface%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+95" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWarren2016" class="citation web cs1">Warren, Tom (February 11, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theverge.com/2016/2/11/10923808/microsoft-windows-start-menu-20-years-visual-history">"A history of the Windows Start menu"</a>. <i>The Verge</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200820043607/https://www.theverge.com/2016/2/11/10923808/microsoft-windows-start-menu-20-years-visual-history">Archived</a> from the original on August 20, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 8,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Old+New+Thing&rft.atitle=Did+the+Windows+95+interface+have+a+code+name%3F&rft.date=2014-07-29&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Raymond&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblogs.msdn.microsoft.com%2Foldnewthing%2F20140729-00%2F%3Fp%3D383&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+95" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChen2014" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Chen_(Microsoft)" class="mw-redirect" title="Raymond Chen (Microsoft)">Chen, Raymond</a> (May 20, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/oldnewthing/20140520-00/?p=953">"The code names for various subprojects within Windows 95"</a>. <i>The Old New Thing</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210704050138/https://devblogs.microsoft.com/oldnewthing/">Archived</a> from the original on July 4, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.minyanville.com/businessmarkets/articles/intel-microsoft-research-in-motion-apple/5/25/2010/id/28465?refresh=1">the original</a> on November 4, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 18,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Minyanville%27s+Wall+Street&rft.atitle=Who+Created+The+Windows+Start-Up+Sound%3F&rft.date=2010-05-25&rft.aulast=Rohrlich&rft.aufirst=Justin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.minyanville.com%2Fbusinessmarkets%2Farticles%2Fintel-microsoft-research-in-motion-apple%2F5%2F25%2F2010%2Fid%2F28465%3Frefresh%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+95" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJoel_Selvin,_Chronicle_Pop_Music_Critic1996" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Joel_Selvin" title="Joel Selvin">Joel Selvin</a>, Chronicle Pop Music Critic (June 2, 1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sfgate.com/default/article/Q-and-A-With-Brian-Eno-2979740.php">"Q and A With Brian Eno"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Chronicle" title="San Francisco Chronicle">San Francisco Chronicle</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121028193008/http://www.sfgate.com/default/article/Q-and-A-With-Brian-Eno-2979740.php">Archived</a> from the original on October 28, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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September 24, 1995. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190508231111/http://community.seattletimes.nwsource.com/archive/?date=19950924&slug=2143253">Archived</a> from the original on May 8, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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December 17, 2000. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://support.microsoft.com/kb/138349">the original</a> on October 19, 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 9,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Microsoft+Support&rft.atitle=Windows+95+Installation+Requirements&rft.date=2000-12-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsupport.microsoft.com%2Fkb%2F138349&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+95" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20041110055838/http://support.microsoft.com/kb/253912">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Out of Memory" Error Messages with Large Amounts of RAM Installed"</a>. <i>Microsoft Help and Support</i>. Microsoft. September 28, 2004. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://support.microsoft.com/kb/253912">the original</a> on November 10, 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 5,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tom%27s+Hardware&rft.atitle=%27Windows+Update+Restored%27+Site+Provides+Updates+for+Classic+Windows+Versions&rft.date=2023-07-09&rft.aulast=Tyson&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tomshardware.com%2Fnews%2Fwindows-update-restored-site-provides-updates-for-classic-windows-versions&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+95" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarper2024" class="citation web cs1">Harper, Christopher (April 14, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tomshardware.com/software/operating-systems/thousands-of-apps-ported-back-to-windows-95-twenty-eight-years-later-net-framework-port-enables-backward-compatibility-for-modern-software">"Thousands of apps ported back to Windows 95 twenty-eight years later — .NET Framework port enables backward compatibility for modern software"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Tom%27s_Hardware" title="Tom's Hardware">Tom's Hardware</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240531170725/https://www.tomshardware.com/software/operating-systems/thousands-of-apps-ported-back-to-windows-95-twenty-eight-years-later-net-framework-port-enables-backward-compatibility-for-modern-software">Archived</a> from the original on May 31, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 1,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tom%27s+Hardware&rft.atitle=Thousands+of+apps+ported+back+to+Windows+95+twenty-eight+years+later+%E2%80%94+.NET+Framework+port+enables+backward+compatibility+for+modern+software&rft.date=2024-04-14&rft.aulast=Harper&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tomshardware.com%2Fsoftware%2Foperating-systems%2Fthousands-of-apps-ported-back-to-windows-95-twenty-eight-years-later-net-framework-port-enables-backward-compatibility-for-modern-software&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+95" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPosch2024" class="citation web cs1">Posch, Maya (April 14, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hackaday.com/2024/04/14/porting-modern-windows-applications-to-windows-95/">"Porting Modern Windows Applications To Windows 95"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Hackaday" title="Hackaday">Hackaday</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240701121659/https://hackaday.com/2024/04/14/porting-modern-windows-applications-to-windows-95/">Archived</a> from the original on July 1, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 23,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Version+from+CD%3F&rft.pub=Tom%27s+Hardware&rft.date=2005-09-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fforums.tomshardware.com%2Fthreads%2Fversion-from-cd.1143477%2F%23post-8457858&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+95" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170830194925/http://www.win-dos.com/verident.shtml">"Identifikation der Betriebssysteme"</a>. www.win-dos.com. 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Microsoft. November 15, 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070305002902/http://support.microsoft.com/kb/139445">Archived</a> from the original on March 5, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 9,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Windows+95+Support+for+Infrared+Data+Association+Connectivity&rft.pub=Microsoft&rft.date=2006-11-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsupport.microsoft.com%2Fkb%2F139445&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+95" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://support.microsoft.com/kb/258757">"How to Enable Direct Memory Access (DMA)"</a>. Microsoft. January 27, 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060627023357/http://support.microsoft.com/kb/258757/">Archived</a> from the original on June 27, 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 9,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+to+Enable+Direct+Memory+Access+%28DMA%29&rft.pub=Microsoft&rft.date=2007-01-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsupport.microsoft.com%2Fkb%2F258757&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+95" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://support.microsoft.com/kb/182604">"Description of PCI Bus IRQ Steering"</a>. Microsoft. January 22, 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070205082434/http://support.microsoft.com/kb/182604">Archived</a> from the original on February 5, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 9,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Description+of+PCI+Bus+IRQ+Steering&rft.pub=Microsoft&rft.date=2007-01-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsupport.microsoft.com%2Fkb%2F182604&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+95" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140904184422/http://support.microsoft.com/kb/156492">"GP Fault or Fatal Exception Error on Intel MMX CPU"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://support.microsoft.com/kb/156492">the original</a> on September 4, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 9,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=GP+Fault+or+Fatal+Exception+Error+on+Intel+MMX+CPU&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsupport.microsoft.com%2Fkb%2F156492&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+95" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jeffpar.github.io/kbarchive/kb/156/Q156492/">Alt URL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180612141815/https://jeffpar.github.io/kbarchive/kb/156/Q156492/">Archived</a> June 12, 2018, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.betaarchive.com/wiki/index.php?title=Microsoft_KB_Archive/178972">"Microsoft KB Archive/178972"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240805022854/https://www.betaarchive.com/wiki/index.php?title=Microsoft_KB_Archive/178972">Archived</a> from the original on August 5, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 27,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Microsoft+KB+Archive%2F178972&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.betaarchive.com%2Fwiki%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DMicrosoft_KB_Archive%2F178972&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+95" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.betaarchive.com/wiki/index.php?title=Microsoft_KB_Archive/179897">"Microsoft KB Archive/179897"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240805022904/https://www.betaarchive.com/wiki/index.php?title=Microsoft_KB_Archive/179897">Archived</a> from the original on August 5, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 27,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Microsoft+KB+Archive%2F179897&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.betaarchive.com%2Fwiki%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DMicrosoft_KB_Archive%2F179897&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+95" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140904184423/http://support.microsoft.com/kb/179897">"Memory Management Problems on Computers with Pentium Processors"</a>. <i>KnowledgeBase Archive</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://support.microsoft.com/kb/179897">the original</a> on September 4, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 9,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=KnowledgeBase+Archive&rft.atitle=Memory+Management+Problems+on+Computers+with+Pentium+Processors&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsupport.microsoft.com%2Fkb%2F179897&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+95" class="Z3988"></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jeffpar.github.io/kbarchive/kb/179/Q179897/">Alt URL</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180612142733/https://jeffpar.github.io/kbarchive/kb/179/Q179897/">Archived</a> June 12, 2018, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.microsoft.com/1996/02/14/microsoft-releases-windows-95-service-pack/">"Microsoft Releases Windows 95 Service Pack"</a>. Microsoft. February 14, 1996. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161112022713/http://news.microsoft.com/1996/02/14/microsoft-releases-windows-95-service-pack/">Archived</a> from the original on November 12, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 10,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Microsoft+Releases+Windows+95+Service+Pack&rft.pub=Microsoft&rft.date=1996-02-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.microsoft.com%2F1996%2F02%2F14%2Fmicrosoft-releases-windows-95-service-pack%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+95" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://support.microsoft.com/kb/146449">"Description of Microsoft Windows 95 Service Pack 1 Components"</a>. Microsoft. November 16, 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20041112224307/http://support.microsoft.com/kb/146449">Archived</a> from the original on November 12, 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 16,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Description+of+Microsoft+Windows+95+Service+Pack+1+Components&rft.pub=Microsoft&rft.date=2006-11-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsupport.microsoft.com%2Fkb%2F146449&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+95" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://support.microsoft.com/support/kb/articles/q179/8/97.asp">"Memory Management Problems on Computers with Pentium Processors"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20011007022425/http://support.microsoft.com/support/kb/articles/Q179/8/97.ASP">Archived</a> from the original on October 7, 2001<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 29,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Memory+Management+Problems+on+Computers+with+Pentium+Processors&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsupport.microsoft.com%2Fsupport%2Fkb%2Farticles%2Fq179%2F8%2F97.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+95" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://support.microsoft.com/kb/253756/EN-US/">"Availability of Universal Serial Bus Support in Windows 95"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140508025511/http://support.microsoft.com/kb/253756/EN-US">Archived</a> from the original on May 8, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 29,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Availability+of+Universal+Serial+Bus+Support+in+Windows+95&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsupport.microsoft.com%2Fkb%2F253756%2FEN-US%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+95" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://support.microsoft.com/kb/158238">"How to Determine the Version of Windows 95/98/Me in Use"</a>. Microsoft. May 12, 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20041026005132/http://support.microsoft.com/kb/158238">Archived</a> from the original on October 26, 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 9,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=How+to+Determine+the+Version+of+Windows+95%2F98%2FMe+in+Use&rft.pub=Microsoft&rft.date=2007-05-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsupport.microsoft.com%2Fkb%2F158238&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+95" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070522053321/http://www.microsoft.com/windows95/support/contact/default.asp">"Windows 95 Support: Contact Support"</a>. Microsoft. December 13, 2002. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.microsoft.com/windows95/support/contact/default.asp">the original</a> on May 22, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 9,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Windows+95+Support%3A+Contact+Support&rft.pub=Microsoft&rft.date=2002-12-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.microsoft.com%2Fwindows95%2Fsupport%2Fcontact%2Fdefault.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+95" class="Z3988"></span> Internet Archive</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJang2006" class="citation book cs1">Jang, Michael (July 12, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=RqowlMJLqGgC&pg=PA899"><i>Mastering Fedora Core 5</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Wiley_(publisher)" title="Wiley (publisher)">Wiley</a>. p. 899. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780470009994" title="Special:BookSources/9780470009994"><bdi>9780470009994</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231107162318/https://books.google.com/books?id=RqowlMJLqGgC&pg=PA899">Archived</a> from the original on November 7, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 7,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mastering+Fedora+Core+5&rft.pages=899&rft.pub=Wiley&rft.date=2006-07-12&rft.isbn=9780470009994&rft.aulast=Jang&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRqowlMJLqGgC%26pg%3DPA899&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+95" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Windows_95&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <p><b>Microsoft:</b> </p> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://support.microsoft.com/kb/146449">"Description of Microsoft Windows 95 Service Pack 1 Components"</a>. <i>Support</i>. <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 23,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Support&rft.atitle=Description+of+Microsoft+Windows+95+Service+Pack+1+Components&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsupport.microsoft.com%2Fkb%2F146449&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+95" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://support.microsoft.com/kb/143003">"Description of Microsoft Windows 95 Service Pack 1 Updates"</a>. <i>Support</i>. <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 23,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Support&rft.atitle=Description+of+Microsoft+Windows+95+Service+Pack+1+Updates&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsupport.microsoft.com%2Fkb%2F143003&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+95" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://support.microsoft.com/kb/148761">"Description of Windows 95 OEM Service Release 1"</a>. <i>Support</i>. <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 23,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Support&rft.atitle=Description+of+Windows+95+OEM+Service+Release+1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsupport.microsoft.com%2Fkb%2F148761&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+95" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://support.microsoft.com/kb/253756">"Availability of Universal Serial Bus Support in Windows 95"</a>. <i>Support</i>. <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 23,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Support&rft.atitle=Availability+of+Universal+Serial+Bus+Support+in+Windows+95&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsupport.microsoft.com%2Fkb%2F253756&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+95" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://support.microsoft.com/kb/161020">"Implementing Windows 95 Updates"</a>. <i>Support</i>. <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 23,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Support&rft.atitle=Implementing+Windows+95+Updates&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsupport.microsoft.com%2Fkb%2F161020&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+95" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://support.microsoft.com/kb/138349">"Windows 95 Installation Requirements"</a>. <i>Support</i>. <a href="/wiki/Microsoft" title="Microsoft">Microsoft</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 23,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Support&rft.atitle=Windows+95+Installation+Requirements&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsupport.microsoft.com%2Fkb%2F138349&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+95" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <p><b>Third-party:</b> </p> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKatzAtkinsonBannister1995" class="citation web cs1">Katz, Ian; Atkinson, Dan; Bannister, Nicholas (August 25, 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://century.guardian.co.uk/1990-1999/Story/0,6051,112728,00.html">"Windows 95: The hype and beyond"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Guardian.co.uk" class="mw-redirect" title="Guardian.co.uk">Guardian.co.uk</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Guardian_Media_Group" title="Guardian Media Group">Guardian Media Group</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130406093015/http://century.guardian.co.uk/1990-1999/Story/0,6051,112728,00.html">Archived</a> from the original on April 6, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 21,</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Guardian.co.uk&rft.atitle=Windows+95%3A+The+hype+and+beyond&rft.date=1995-08-25&rft.aulast=Katz&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft.au=Atkinson%2C+Dan&rft.au=Bannister%2C+Nicholas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcentury.guardian.co.uk%2F1990-1999%2FStory%2F0%2C6051%2C112728%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+95" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSegal1995" class="citation news cs1">Segal, David (August 24, 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/business/longterm/microsoft/stories/1995/debut082495.htm">"With Windows 95's Debut, Microsoft Scales Heights of Hype"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110629002157/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/business/longterm/microsoft/stories/1995/debut082495.htm">Archived</a> from the original on June 29, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 23,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=With+Windows+95%27s+Debut%2C+Microsoft+Scales+Heights+of+Hype&rft.date=1995-08-24&rft.aulast=Segal&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-srv%2Fbusiness%2Flongterm%2Fmicrosoft%2Fstories%2F1995%2Fdebut082495.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+95" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchulman1994" class="citation book cs1">Schulman, Andrew (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/unauthorizedwind00schu_1"><i>Unauthorized Windows 95 : a developer's guide to exploring the foundations of Windows "Chicago"</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/IDG_Books" class="mw-redirect" title="IDG Books">IDG Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781568841694" title="Special:BookSources/9781568841694"><bdi>9781568841694</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Unauthorized+Windows+95+%3A+a+developer%27s+guide+to+exploring+the+foundations+of+Windows+%22Chicago%22&rft.pub=IDG+Books&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=9781568841694&rft.aulast=Schulman&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Funauthorizedwind00schu_1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+95" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPietrek1995" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Matt_Pietrek" title="Matt Pietrek">Pietrek, Matt</a> (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/windows95systemp00matt"><i>Windows 95 System Programming Secrets</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/IDG_Books" class="mw-redirect" title="IDG Books">IDG Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781568843186" title="Special:BookSources/9781568843186"><bdi>9781568843186</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Windows+95+System+Programming+Secrets&rft.pub=IDG+Books&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=9781568843186&rft.aulast=Pietrek&rft.aufirst=Matt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwindows95systemp00matt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+95" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/CC1301_windows_95"><i>Windows 95</i></a> (<a href="/wiki/Web_video" class="mw-redirect" title="Web video">Web video</a>). <a href="/wiki/Computer_Chronicles" title="Computer Chronicles">Computer Chronicles</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 23,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Windows+95&rft.pub=Computer+Chronicles&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FCC1301_windows_95&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+95" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hpcfactor.com/qlink/?linkID=12">"Windows 95 Patches & Updates Guide"</a>. <i>hpcfactor.com</i>. HPC:Factor. December 13, 2003<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 23,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=hpcfactor.com&rft.atitle=Windows+95+Patches+%26+Updates+Guide&rft.date=2003-12-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hpcfactor.com%2Fqlink%2F%3FlinkID%3D12&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWindows+95" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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title="Criticism of Microsoft Windows">Criticism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/DOS" title="DOS">DOS</a>-based</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_1.0" title="Windows 1.0">1.0</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_2.0" title="Windows 2.0">2.0</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_2.1" title="Windows 2.1">2.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_3.0" title="Windows 3.0">3.0</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_3.1" title="Windows 3.1">3.1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Windows_9x" title="Windows 9x">Windows 9x</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">95</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_98" title="Windows 98">98</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Me" title="Windows Me">Me</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Windows_NT" title="Windows NT">Windows NT</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Base <br /> releases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_NT_3.1" title="Windows NT 3.1">NT 3.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_NT_3.5" title="Windows NT 3.5">NT 3.5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_NT_3.51" title="Windows NT 3.51">NT 3.51</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_NT_4.0" title="Windows NT 4.0">NT 4.0</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_2000" title="Windows 2000">2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_XP" title="Windows XP">XP</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_XP_Professional_x64_Edition" title="Windows XP Professional x64 Edition">Pro x64</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_XP_Media_Center_Edition" title="Windows XP Media Center Edition">Media Center</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Vista" title="Windows Vista">Vista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_7" title="Windows 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_8" title="Windows 8">8</a> / <a href="/wiki/Windows_8.1" title="Windows 8.1">8.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_10" title="Windows 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_11" title="Windows 11">11</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Windows_Server" title="Windows Server">Windows <br /> Server</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Server_2003" title="Windows Server 2003">Server 2003</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Home_Server" title="Windows Home Server">Home Server</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Server_2008" title="Windows Server 2008">Server 2008</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Essential_Business_Server_2008" title="Windows Essential Business Server 2008">EBS 2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_HPC_Server_2008" title="Windows HPC Server 2008">HPC Server 2008</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Server_2008_R2" title="Windows Server 2008 R2">Server 2008 R2</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Home_Server_2011" title="Windows Home Server 2011">Home Server 2011</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Server_2012" title="Windows Server 2012">Server 2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Server_2012_R2" title="Windows Server 2012 R2">Server 2012 R2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Server_2016" title="Windows Server 2016">Server 2016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Server_2019" title="Windows Server 2019">Server 2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Server_2022" title="Windows Server 2022">Server 2022</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Server_2025" title="Windows Server 2025">Server 2025</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other <br /> releases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Fundamentals_for_Legacy_PCs" title="Windows Fundamentals for Legacy PCs">Fundamentals for Legacy PCs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_RT" title="Windows RT">RT</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Specialized</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Preinstallation_Environment" title="Windows Preinstallation Environment">Preinstallation Environment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_MultiPoint_Server" title="Windows MultiPoint Server">MultiPoint Server</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Windows_IoT" title="Windows IoT">Windows <br /> Embedded / <br /> Windows IoT</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Windows_Embedded_Compact" title="Windows Embedded Compact">Embedded <br /> Compact</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_CE_5.0" title="Windows CE 5.0">CE 5.0</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Embedded_CE_6.0" title="Windows Embedded CE 6.0">Embedded CE 6.0</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Embedded_Compact_7" title="Windows Embedded Compact 7">Embedded Compact 7</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Embedded_Automotive" title="Windows Embedded Automotive">Embedded Automotive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Embedded_Industry" title="Windows Embedded Industry">Embedded Industry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Windows_Mobile" title="Windows Mobile">Windows Mobile</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pocket_PC_2000" title="Pocket PC 2000">Pocket PC 2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pocket_PC_2002" title="Pocket PC 2002">Pocket PC 2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Mobile_2003" title="Windows Mobile 2003">Mobile 2003</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Mobile_5.0" title="Windows Mobile 5.0">Mobile 5.0</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Mobile_6.0" title="Windows Mobile 6.0">Mobile 6.0</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Mobile_6.1" title="Windows Mobile 6.1">Mobile 6.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Mobile_6.5" title="Windows Mobile 6.5">Mobile 6.5</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Windows_Phone" title="Windows Phone">Windows Phone</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Phone_7" title="Windows Phone 7">Phone 7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Phone_8" title="Windows Phone 8">Phone 8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Phone_8.1" title="Windows Phone 8.1">Phone 8.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_10_Mobile" title="Windows 10 Mobile">10 Mobile</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cancelled</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cairo_(operating_system)" title="Cairo (operating system)">Cairo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Nashville" title="Windows Nashville">Nashville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Neptune" title="Windows Neptune">Neptune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Odyssey" title="Windows Odyssey">Odyssey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Polaris" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows Polaris">Polaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_10X" title="Windows 10X">10X</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Development <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Development_of_Windows_95" title="Development of Windows 95">95</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Development_of_Windows_XP" title="Development of Windows XP">XP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Development_of_Windows_Vista" title="Development of Windows Vista">Vista</a></li></ul></li> <li>Editions <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_XP_editions" title="Windows XP editions">XP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Vista_editions" title="Windows Vista editions">Vista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_7_editions" title="Windows 7 editions">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_8_editions" title="Windows 8 editions">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_10_editions" title="Windows 10 editions">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_11_editions" class="mw-redirect" title="Windows 11 editions">11</a></li></ul></li> <li>New features <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Features_new_to_Windows_XP" title="Features new to Windows XP">XP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Features_new_to_Windows_Vista" title="Features new to Windows Vista">Vista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Features_new_to_Windows_7" title="Features new to Windows 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Features_new_to_Windows_8" title="Features new to Windows 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Features_new_to_Windows_10" title="Features new to Windows 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Features_new_to_Windows_11" title="Features new to Windows 11">11</a></li></ul></li> <li>Removed features <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_features_removed_in_Windows_XP" title="List of features removed in Windows XP">XP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_features_removed_in_Windows_Vista" title="List of features removed in Windows Vista">Vista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_features_removed_in_Windows_7" title="List of features removed in Windows 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_features_removed_in_Windows_8" title="List of features removed in Windows 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_features_removed_in_Windows_10" title="List of features removed in Windows 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_features_removed_in_Windows_11" title="List of features removed in Windows 11">11</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows_version_history" title="Microsoft Windows version history">Version history</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Phone_version_history" title="Windows Phone version history">Phone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_10_version_history" title="Windows 10 version history">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_10_Mobile_version_history" title="Windows 10 Mobile version history">10 Mobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_11_version_history" title="Windows 11 version history">11</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_Microsoft_Windows_versions" title="Comparison of Microsoft Windows versions">Version comparison</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_Windows_Vista_and_Windows_XP" title="Comparison of Windows Vista and Windows XP">Vista and XP</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Microsoft_Windows" title="Criticism of Microsoft Windows">Criticism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Windows_XP" title="Criticism of Windows XP">XP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Windows_Vista" title="Criticism of Windows Vista">Vista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Windows_10" title="Criticism of Windows 10">10</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_for_Pen_Computing" title="Windows for Pen Computing">Windows for Pen Computing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Plus!" title="Microsoft Plus!">Microsoft Plus!</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_PowerToys" title="Microsoft PowerToys">Microsoft PowerToys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Server_Essentials" title="Windows Server Essentials">Windows Server Essentials</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span 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