Notifications | Mobile | Android Developers

<!doctype html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta name="google-signin-client-id" content="721724668570-nbkv1cfusk7kk4eni4pjvepaus73b13t.apps.googleusercontent.com"> <meta name="google-signin-scope" content="profile email https://www.googleapis.com/auth/developerprofiles https://www.googleapis.com/auth/developerprofiles.award"> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Android Developers"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"><meta name="theme-color" content="#34a853"><meta charset="utf-8"> <meta content="IE=Edge" http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <link rel="manifest" href="/_pwa/android/manifest.json" crossorigin="use-credentials"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//www.gstatic.com" crossorigin> <link rel="preconnect" href="//fonts.gstatic.com" crossorigin> <link rel="preconnect" href="//fonts.googleapis.com" crossorigin> <link rel="preconnect" href="//apis.google.com" crossorigin> <link rel="preconnect" href="//www.google-analytics.com" crossorigin><link rel="stylesheet" href="//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Google+Sans:400,500,600,700|Google+Sans+Text:400,400italic,500,500italic,600,600italic,700,700italic|Roboto+Mono:400,500,700&display=swap"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="//fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Material+Icons&family=Material+Symbols+Outlined&display=block"><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625/android/css/app.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625/android/css/dark-theme.css" disabled> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625/android/images/favicon.svg"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625/android/images/touchicon-180.png"><link rel="canonical" href="https://developer.android.com/design/ui/mobile/guides/home-screen/notifications"><link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" title="Android Developers" href="https://developer.android.com/s/opensearch.xml"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en" href="https://developer.android.com/design/ui/mobile/guides/home-screen/notifications" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="x-default" href="https://developer.android.com/design/ui/mobile/guides/home-screen/notifications" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="ar" href="https://developer.android.com/design/ui/mobile/guides/home-screen/notifications?hl=ar" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="bn" href="https://developer.android.com/design/ui/mobile/guides/home-screen/notifications?hl=bn" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hans" href="https://developer.android.com/design/ui/mobile/guides/home-screen/notifications?hl=zh-cn" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hant" href="https://developer.android.com/design/ui/mobile/guides/home-screen/notifications?hl=zh-tw" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="fa" href="https://developer.android.com/design/ui/mobile/guides/home-screen/notifications?hl=fa" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="fr" href="https://developer.android.com/design/ui/mobile/guides/home-screen/notifications?hl=fr" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="de" href="https://developer.android.com/design/ui/mobile/guides/home-screen/notifications?hl=de" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="he" href="https://developer.android.com/design/ui/mobile/guides/home-screen/notifications?hl=he" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="hi" href="https://developer.android.com/design/ui/mobile/guides/home-screen/notifications?hl=hi" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="id" href="https://developer.android.com/design/ui/mobile/guides/home-screen/notifications?hl=id" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="it" href="https://developer.android.com/design/ui/mobile/guides/home-screen/notifications?hl=it" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="ja" href="https://developer.android.com/design/ui/mobile/guides/home-screen/notifications?hl=ja" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="ko" href="https://developer.android.com/design/ui/mobile/guides/home-screen/notifications?hl=ko" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="pl" href="https://developer.android.com/design/ui/mobile/guides/home-screen/notifications?hl=pl" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="pt-BR" href="https://developer.android.com/design/ui/mobile/guides/home-screen/notifications?hl=pt-br" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="ru" href="https://developer.android.com/design/ui/mobile/guides/home-screen/notifications?hl=ru" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="es-419" href="https://developer.android.com/design/ui/mobile/guides/home-screen/notifications?hl=es-419" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="th" href="https://developer.android.com/design/ui/mobile/guides/home-screen/notifications?hl=th" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="tr" href="https://developer.android.com/design/ui/mobile/guides/home-screen/notifications?hl=tr" /><link rel="alternate" hreflang="vi" href="https://developer.android.com/design/ui/mobile/guides/home-screen/notifications?hl=vi" /><title>Notifications  |  Mobile  |  Android Developers</title> <meta property="og:title" content="Notifications  |  Mobile  |  Android Developers"><meta property="og:url" content="https://developer.android.com/design/ui/mobile/guides/home-screen/notifications"><meta property="og:image" content="https://developer.android.com/static/images/social/android-developers.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="675"><meta property="og:locale" content="en"><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"><script type="application/ld+json"> { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "Article", "headline": "Notifications" } </script><script type="application/ld+json"> { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "BreadcrumbList", "itemListElement": [{ "@type": "ListItem", "position": 1, "name": "UI Design", "item": "https://developer.android.com/design/ui" },{ "@type": "ListItem", "position": 2, "name": "Mobile", "item": "https://developer.android.com/design/ui/mobile" },{ "@type": "ListItem", "position": 3, "name": "Notifications", "item": "https://developer.android.com/design/ui/mobile/guides/home-screen/notifications" }] } </script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/extras.css"></head> <body class="" template="page" theme="android-theme" type="article" appearance layout="docs" display-toc pending> <devsite-progress type="indeterminate" id="app-progress"></devsite-progress> <section class="devsite-wrapper"> <devsite-cookie-notification-bar></devsite-cookie-notification-bar><devsite-header role="banner"> <div class="devsite-header--inner nocontent"> <div class="devsite-top-logo-row-wrapper-wrapper"> <div class="devsite-top-logo-row-wrapper"> <div class="devsite-top-logo-row"> <button type="button" id="devsite-hamburger-menu" class="devsite-header-icon-button button-flat material-icons gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Navigation menu button" visually-hidden aria-label="Open menu"> </button> <div class="devsite-product-name-wrapper"> <a href="/" class="devsite-site-logo-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Site logo" track-type="globalNav" track-name="androidDevelopers" track-metadata-position="nav" track-metadata-eventDetail="nav"> <picture> <source srcset="https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625/android/images/lockup-dark-theme.svg" media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" class="devsite-dark-theme" alt="Android Developers"> <img src="https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625/android/images/lockup.svg" class="devsite-site-logo" alt="Android Developers"> </picture> </a> <span class="devsite-product-name"> <ul class="devsite-breadcrumb-list" > <li class="devsite-breadcrumb-item "> </li> </ul> </span> </div> <div class="devsite-top-logo-row-middle"> <div class="devsite-header-upper-tabs"> <devsite-tabs class="upper-tabs"> <nav class="devsite-tabs-wrapper" aria-label="Upper tabs"> <tab class="devsite-dropdown devsite-dropdown-full "> <a href="https://developer.android.com/get-started" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/get-started" class="devsite-tabs-content gc-analytics-event android-dropdown-tab" track-type="nav" track-metadata-position="nav - essentials" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Essentials" track-name="essentials" > Essentials </a> <a href="#" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Dropdown menu for Essentials" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/get-started" track-metadata-position="nav - essentials" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Essentials" track-name="essentials" class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-toggle devsite-icon devsite-icon-arrow-drop-down"></a> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown" aria-label="submenu" hidden> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-content"> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column android-dropdown android-dropdown-primary android-dropdown-studio"> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-title" role="heading" tooltip>Gemini in Android Studio</li> <li class="devsite-nav-description">Your AI development companion for Android development. </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/gemini-in-android" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/gemini-in-android" track-metadata-position="nav - essentials" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="gemini in android studio" tooltip class="button button-primary" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Learn more </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/studio" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/studio" track-metadata-position="nav - essentials" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="gemini in android studio" tooltip class="button button-white" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Get Android Studio </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column android-dropdown"> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section android-dropdown-section-icon android-dropdown-section-icon-launch"> <li class="devsite-nav-title" role="heading" tooltip>Get started</li> <li class="devsite-nav-description">Start by creating your first app. Go deeper with our training courses or explore app development on your own. </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/get-started/overview" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/get-started/overview" track-metadata-position="nav - essentials" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="get started" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Hello world </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/courses" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/courses" track-metadata-position="nav - essentials" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="get started" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Training courses </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/get-started/codelabs" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/get-started/codelabs" track-metadata-position="nav - essentials" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="get started" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Tutorials </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/kotlin" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/kotlin" track-metadata-position="nav - essentials" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="get started" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Kotlin for Android </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://play.google.com/console/about/guides/monetize/" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://play.google.com/console/about/guides/monetize/" track-metadata-position="nav - essentials" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="get started" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Monetization with Play ↗️ </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column android-dropdown"> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section android-dropdown-section-icon android-dropdown-section-icon-multiple-screens"> <li class="devsite-nav-title" role="heading" tooltip>Extend by device</li> <li class="devsite-nav-description">Build apps that give your users seamless experiences from phones to tablets, watches, and more. </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/adaptive-apps" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/adaptive-apps" track-metadata-position="nav - essentials" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="extend by device" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Adaptive apps </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/wear" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/wear" track-metadata-position="nav - essentials" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="extend by device" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Wear OS </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/cars" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/cars" track-metadata-position="nav - essentials" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="extend by device" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Android for Cars </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/tv" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/tv" track-metadata-position="nav - essentials" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="extend by device" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Android TV </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/chrome-os" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/chrome-os" track-metadata-position="nav - essentials" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="extend by device" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> ChromeOS </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/multi-device-development" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/multi-device-development" track-metadata-position="nav - essentials" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="extend by device" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Cross-device SDK </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column android-dropdown"> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section android-dropdown-section-icon android-dropdown-section-icon-platform"> <li class="devsite-nav-title" role="heading" tooltip>Build by category</li> <li class="devsite-nav-description">Learn to build for your use case by following Google's prescriptive and opinionated guidance. </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/games" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/games" track-metadata-position="nav - essentials" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="build by category" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Games </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/media" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/media" track-metadata-position="nav - essentials" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="build by category" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Camera & Media </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/social-and-messaging" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/social-and-messaging" track-metadata-position="nav - essentials" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="build by category" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Social & messaging </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/health-and-fitness" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/health-and-fitness" track-metadata-position="nav - essentials" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="build by category" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Health & Fitness </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/productivity" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/productivity" track-metadata-position="nav - essentials" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="build by category" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Productivity </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/work/overview" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/work/overview" track-metadata-position="nav - essentials" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="build by category" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Enterprise apps </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column android-dropdown"> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section android-dropdown-section-icon android-dropdown-section-icon-stars"> <li class="devsite-nav-title" role="heading" tooltip>Get the latest</li> <li class="devsite-nav-description">Stay in touch with the latest releases throughout the year, join our preview programs, and give us your feedback. </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/latest-updates" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/latest-updates" track-metadata-position="nav - essentials" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="get the latest" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Latest updates </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/latest-updates/experimental" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/latest-updates/experimental" track-metadata-position="nav - essentials" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="get the latest" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Experimental updates </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/studio/preview" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/studio/preview" track-metadata-position="nav - essentials" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="get the latest" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Android Studio preview </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/jetpack/androidx/versions" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/jetpack/androidx/versions" track-metadata-position="nav - essentials" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="get the latest" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Jetpack & Compose libraries </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/training/wearables/versions/4" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/training/wearables/versions/4" track-metadata-position="nav - essentials" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="get the latest" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Wear OS preview </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/design-for-safety/privacy-sandbox" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/design-for-safety/privacy-sandbox" track-metadata-position="nav - essentials" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="get the latest" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Privacy Sandbox </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </tab> <tab class="devsite-dropdown devsite-dropdown-full devsite-active "> <a href="https://developer.android.com/design" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/design" class="devsite-tabs-content gc-analytics-event android-dropdown-tab" track-type="nav" track-metadata-position="nav - design & plan" track-metadata-module="primary nav" aria-label="Design & Plan, selected" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Design & Plan" track-name="design & plan" > Design & Plan </a> <a href="#" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Dropdown menu for Design & Plan" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/design" track-metadata-position="nav - design & plan" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Design & Plan" track-name="design & plan" class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-toggle devsite-icon devsite-icon-arrow-drop-down"></a> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown" aria-label="submenu" hidden> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-content"> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column android-dropdown"> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section android-dropdown-section-icon android-dropdown-section-icon-layout"> <li class="devsite-nav-title" role="heading" tooltip>UI Design</li> <li class="devsite-nav-description">Design a beautiful user interface using Android best practices.</li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/design/ui" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/design/ui" track-metadata-position="nav - design & plan" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="ui design" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Design for Android </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/design/ui/mobile" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/design/ui/mobile" track-metadata-position="nav - design & plan" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="ui design" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Mobile </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/design/ui/large-screens" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/design/ui/large-screens" track-metadata-position="nav - design & plan" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="ui design" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Large screens (e.g., tablets) </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/design/ui/widget" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/design/ui/widget" track-metadata-position="nav - design & plan" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="ui design" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Widgets </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/design/ui/wear" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/design/ui/wear" track-metadata-position="nav - design & plan" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="ui design" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Wear OS </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/design/ui/tv" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/design/ui/tv" track-metadata-position="nav - design & plan" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="ui design" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Android TV </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column android-dropdown"> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section android-dropdown-section-icon android-dropdown-section-icon-design"> <li class="devsite-nav-title" role="heading" tooltip>Architecture</li> <li class="devsite-nav-description">Design robust, testable, and maintainable app logic and services.</li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/topic/architecture/intro" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/topic/architecture/intro" track-metadata-position="nav - design & plan" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="architecture" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Introduction </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/topic/libraries/view-binding" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/topic/libraries/view-binding" track-metadata-position="nav - design & plan" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="architecture" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Libraries </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/guide/navigation/navigation-principles" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/guide/navigation/navigation-principles" track-metadata-position="nav - design & plan" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="architecture" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Navigation </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/topic/modularization" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/topic/modularization" track-metadata-position="nav - design & plan" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="architecture" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Modularization </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/training/testing/fundamentals" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/training/testing/fundamentals" track-metadata-position="nav - design & plan" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="architecture" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Testing </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column android-dropdown"> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section android-dropdown-section-icon android-dropdown-section-icon-vitals"> <li class="devsite-nav-title" role="heading" tooltip>Quality</li> <li class="devsite-nav-description">Plan for app quality and align with Play store guidelines.</li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/quality" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/quality" track-metadata-position="nav - design & plan" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="quality" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Overview </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/quality/core-value" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/quality/core-value" track-metadata-position="nav - design & plan" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="quality" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Core value </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/quality/user-experience" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/quality/user-experience" track-metadata-position="nav - design & plan" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="quality" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> User experience </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/quality/technical" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/quality/technical" track-metadata-position="nav - design & plan" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="quality" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Technical quality </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/quality/privacy-and-security" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/quality/privacy-and-security" track-metadata-position="nav - design & plan" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="quality" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Security </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column android-dropdown"> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section android-dropdown-section-icon android-dropdown-section-icon-security-2"> <li class="devsite-nav-title" role="heading" tooltip>Security</li> <li class="devsite-nav-description">Safeguard users against threats and ensure a secure Android experience.</li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/security" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/security" track-metadata-position="nav - design & plan" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="security" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Overview </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/privacy-and-security/about" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/privacy-and-security/about" track-metadata-position="nav - design & plan" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="security" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Privacy </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/identity" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/identity" track-metadata-position="nav - design & plan" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="security" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Identity </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/security/fraud-prevention" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/security/fraud-prevention" track-metadata-position="nav - design & plan" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="security" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Fraud prevention </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column android-dropdown"> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section android-dropdown-section-icon android-dropdown-section-icon-earth"> <li class="devsite-nav-title" role="heading" tooltip>Build for Billions</li> <li class="devsite-nav-description">Create the best experience for entry-level devices</li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/build-for-billions" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/build-for-billions" track-metadata-position="nav - design & plan" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="build for billions" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Overview </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/docs/quality-guidelines/build-for-billions" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/docs/quality-guidelines/build-for-billions" track-metadata-position="nav - design & plan" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="build for billions" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> About new markets </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/androidgo" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/androidgo" track-metadata-position="nav - design & plan" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="build for billions" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Android (Go edition) </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </tab> <tab class="devsite-dropdown devsite-dropdown-full "> <a href="https://developer.android.com/develop" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/develop" class="devsite-tabs-content gc-analytics-event android-dropdown-tab" track-type="nav" track-metadata-position="nav - develop" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Develop" track-name="develop" > Develop </a> <a href="#" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Dropdown menu for Develop" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/develop" track-metadata-position="nav - develop" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Develop" track-name="develop" class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-toggle devsite-icon devsite-icon-arrow-drop-down"></a> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown" aria-label="submenu" hidden> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-content"> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column android-dropdown android-dropdown-primary android-dropdown-ai"> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section "> <li class="devsite-nav-title" role="heading" tooltip>Build AI experiences</li> <li class="devsite-nav-description">Build AI-powered Android apps with Gemini APIs and more. </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/ai" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/ai" track-metadata-position="nav - develop" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="build ai experiences" tooltip class="button button-primary" > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Get started </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column android-dropdown"> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section android-dropdown-section-icon android-dropdown-section-icon-flag"> <li class="devsite-nav-title" role="heading" tooltip>Core areas</li> <li class="devsite-nav-description">Get the samples and docs for the features you need.</li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/samples" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/samples" track-metadata-position="nav - develop" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="core areas" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Samples </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/quick-guides" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/quick-guides" track-metadata-position="nav - develop" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="core areas" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Try Quick Guidesᵇᵉᵗᵃ </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/develop/ui" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/develop/ui" track-metadata-position="nav - develop" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="core areas" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> User interfaces </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/permissions/overview" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/permissions/overview" track-metadata-position="nav - develop" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="core areas" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Permissions </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/develop/background-work" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/develop/background-work" track-metadata-position="nav - develop" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="core areas" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Background work </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/data" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/data" track-metadata-position="nav - develop" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="core areas" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Data and files </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/develop#core-areas" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/develop#core-areas" track-metadata-position="nav - develop" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="core areas" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> All core areas ⤵️ </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column android-dropdown"> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section android-dropdown-section-icon android-dropdown-section-icon-tools-2"> <li class="devsite-nav-title" role="heading" tooltip>Tools and workflow</li> <li class="devsite-nav-description">Use the IDE to write and build your app, or create your own pipeline.</li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/studio/write" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/studio/write" track-metadata-position="nav - develop" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="tools and workflow" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Write and debug code </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/build/gradle-build-overview" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/build/gradle-build-overview" track-metadata-position="nav - develop" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="tools and workflow" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Build projects </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/training/testing" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/training/testing" track-metadata-position="nav - develop" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="tools and workflow" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Test your app </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/topic/performance/overview" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/topic/performance/overview" track-metadata-position="nav - develop" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="tools and workflow" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Performance </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/tools" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/tools" track-metadata-position="nav - develop" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="tools and workflow" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Command-line tools </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/reference/tools/gradle-api" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/reference/tools/gradle-api" track-metadata-position="nav - develop" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="tools and workflow" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Gradle plugin API </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column android-dropdown"> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section android-dropdown-section-icon android-dropdown-section-icon-multiple-screens"> <li class="devsite-nav-title" role="heading" tooltip>Device tech</li> <li class="devsite-nav-description">Write code for form factors. Connect devices and share data.</li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/large-screens/get-started-with-large-screens" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/large-screens/get-started-with-large-screens" track-metadata-position="nav - develop" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="device tech" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Large screens (e.g., tablets) </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/training/wearables" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/training/wearables" track-metadata-position="nav - develop" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="device tech" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Wear OS </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/health-and-fitness/guides" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/health-and-fitness/guides" track-metadata-position="nav - develop" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="device tech" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Android Health </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/connectivity/cross-device-sdk/overview" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/connectivity/cross-device-sdk/overview" track-metadata-position="nav - develop" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="device tech" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Cross-device SDK </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/training/cars" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/training/cars" track-metadata-position="nav - develop" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="device tech" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Android for Cars </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/training/tv" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/training/tv" track-metadata-position="nav - develop" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="device tech" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Android TV </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/chrome-os/intro" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/chrome-os/intro" track-metadata-position="nav - develop" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="device tech" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> ChromeOS </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-column android-dropdown"> <ul class="devsite-tabs-dropdown-section android-dropdown-section-icon android-dropdown-section-icon-core-library"> <li class="devsite-nav-title" role="heading" tooltip>Libraries</li> <li class="devsite-nav-description">Browse API reference documentation with all the details.</li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/reference/packages" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/reference/packages" track-metadata-position="nav - develop" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="libraries" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Android platform </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/jetpack/androidx/explorer" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/jetpack/androidx/explorer" track-metadata-position="nav - develop" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="libraries" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Jetpack libraries </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/jetpack/androidx/releases/compose" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/jetpack/androidx/releases/compose" track-metadata-position="nav - develop" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="libraries" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Compose libraries </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developers.google.com/android/reference/packages" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developers.google.com/android/reference/packages" track-metadata-position="nav - develop" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="libraries" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Google Play services ↗️ </div> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://play.google.com/sdks" track-type="nav" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://play.google.com/sdks" track-metadata-position="nav - develop" track-metadata-module="tertiary nav" track-metadata-module_headline="libraries" tooltip > <div class="devsite-nav-item-title"> Google Play SDK index ↗️ </div> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </tab> <tab > <a href="https://developer.android.com/distribute" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/distribute" class="devsite-tabs-content gc-analytics-event " track-type="nav" track-metadata-position="nav - google play" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Google Play" track-name="google play" > Google Play </a> </tab> <tab > <a href="https://developer.android.com/community" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/community" class="devsite-tabs-content gc-analytics-event " track-type="nav" track-metadata-position="nav - community" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Community" track-name="community" > Community </a> </tab> </nav> </devsite-tabs> </div> <devsite-search enable-signin enable-search enable-suggestions enable-query-completion project-name="Mobile" tenant-name="Android Developers" > <form class="devsite-search-form" action="https://developer.android.com/s/results" method="GET"> <div class="devsite-search-container"> <button type="button" search-open class="devsite-search-button devsite-header-icon-button button-flat material-icons" aria-label="Open search"></button> <div class="devsite-searchbox"> <input aria-activedescendant="" aria-autocomplete="list" aria-label="Search" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="listbox" autocomplete="off" class="devsite-search-field devsite-search-query" name="q" placeholder="Search" role="combobox" type="text" value="" > <div class="devsite-search-image material-icons" aria-hidden="true"> </div> <div class="devsite-search-shortcut-icon-container" aria-hidden="true"> <kbd class="devsite-search-shortcut-icon">/</kbd> </div> </div> </div> </form> <button type="button" search-close class="devsite-search-button devsite-header-icon-button button-flat material-icons" aria-label="Close search"></button> </devsite-search> </div> <devsite-appearance-selector></devsite-appearance-selector> <devsite-language-selector> <ul role="presentation"> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="en" >English</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="de" >Deutsch</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="es_419" >Español – América Latina</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="fr" >Français</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="id" >Indonesia</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="it" >Italiano</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="pl" >Polski</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="pt_br" >Português – Brasil</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="vi" >Tiếng Việt</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="tr" >Türkçe</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="ru" >Русский</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="he" >עברית</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="ar" >العربيّة</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="fa" >فارسی</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="hi" >हिंदी</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="bn" >বাংলা</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="th" >ภาษาไทย</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="zh_cn" >中文 – 简体</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="zh_tw" >中文 – 繁體</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="ja" >日本語</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="ko" >한국어</a> </li> </ul> </devsite-language-selector> <a class="devsite-header-link devsite-top-button button gc-analytics-event" href="https://developer.android.com/studio" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Site header link" > Android Studio </a> <devsite-user enable-profiles id="devsite-user"> <span class="button devsite-top-button" aria-hidden="true" visually-hidden>Sign in</span> </devsite-user> </div> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-collapsible-section "> <div class="devsite-header-background"> <div class="devsite-product-id-row" > <div class="devsite-product-description-row"> <ul class="devsite-breadcrumb-list" aria-label="Lower header breadcrumb"> <li class="devsite-breadcrumb-item "> <a href="https://developer.android.com/design/ui" class="devsite-breadcrumb-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Lower Header" data-value="1" track-type="globalNav" track-name="breadcrumb" track-metadata-position="1" track-metadata-eventdetail="UI Design" > UI Design </a> </li> <li class="devsite-breadcrumb-item "> <div class="devsite-breadcrumb-guillemet material-icons" aria-hidden="true"></div> <a href="https://developer.android.com/design/ui/mobile" class="devsite-breadcrumb-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Lower Header" data-value="2" track-type="globalNav" track-name="breadcrumb" track-metadata-position="2" track-metadata-eventdetail="Mobile" > Mobile </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-doc-set-nav-row"> <devsite-tabs class="lower-tabs"> <nav class="devsite-tabs-wrapper" aria-label="Lower tabs"> <tab > <a href="https://developer.android.com/design/ui/mobile" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/design/ui/mobile" class="devsite-tabs-content gc-analytics-event " track-type="nav" track-metadata-position="nav - overview" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Overview" track-name="overview" > Overview </a> </tab> <tab class="devsite-active"> <a href="https://developer.android.com/design/ui/mobile/guides/foundations/accessibility" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/design/ui/mobile/guides/foundations/accessibility" class="devsite-tabs-content gc-analytics-event " track-type="nav" track-metadata-position="nav - guides" track-metadata-module="primary nav" aria-label="Guides, selected" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Guides" track-name="guides" > Guides </a> </tab> <tab > <a href="https://developer.android.com/design/ui/mobile/samples" track-metadata-eventdetail="https://developer.android.com/design/ui/mobile/samples" class="devsite-tabs-content gc-analytics-event " track-type="nav" track-metadata-position="nav - samples" track-metadata-module="primary nav" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Samples" track-name="samples" > Samples </a> </tab> </nav> </devsite-tabs> </div> </div> </div> </div> </devsite-header> <devsite-book-nav scrollbars > <div class="devsite-book-nav-filter" > <span class="filter-list-icon material-icons" aria-hidden="true"></span> <input type="text" placeholder="Filter" aria-label="Type to filter" role="searchbox"> <span class="filter-clear-button hidden" data-title="Clear filter" aria-label="Clear filter" role="button" tabindex="0"></span> </div> <nav class="devsite-book-nav devsite-nav nocontent" aria-label="Side menu"> <div class="devsite-mobile-header"> <button type="button" id="devsite-close-nav" class="devsite-header-icon-button button-flat material-icons gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Close navigation" aria-label="Close navigation"> </button> <div class="devsite-product-name-wrapper"> <a href="/" class="devsite-site-logo-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Site logo" track-type="globalNav" track-name="androidDevelopers" track-metadata-position="nav" track-metadata-eventDetail="nav"> <picture> <source srcset="https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625/android/images/lockup-dark-theme.svg" media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" class="devsite-dark-theme" alt="Android Developers"> <img src="https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625/android/images/lockup.svg" class="devsite-site-logo" alt="Android Developers"> </picture> </a> <span class="devsite-product-name"> <ul class="devsite-breadcrumb-list" > <li class="devsite-breadcrumb-item "> </li> </ul> </span> </div> </div> <div class="devsite-book-nav-wrapper"> <div class="devsite-mobile-nav-top"> <ul class="devsite-nav-list"> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/get-started" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Essentials" track-name="essentials" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Essentials" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Essentials </span> </a> <ul class="devsite-nav-responsive-tabs devsite-nav-has-menu "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Essentials" track-name="essentials" > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip menu="Essentials"> More </span> <span class="devsite-nav-icon material-icons" data-icon="forward" menu="Essentials"> </span> </span> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/design" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event devsite-nav-active" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Design & Plan" track-name="design & plan" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Design & Plan" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Design & Plan </span> </a> <ul class="devsite-nav-responsive-tabs devsite-nav-has-menu "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Design & Plan" track-name="design & plan" > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip menu="Design & Plan"> More </span> <span class="devsite-nav-icon material-icons" data-icon="forward" menu="Design & Plan"> </span> </span> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-nav-responsive-tabs"> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/design/ui/mobile" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Overview" track-name="overview" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Overview" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Overview </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/design/ui/mobile/guides/foundations/accessibility" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event devsite-nav-has-children devsite-nav-active" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Guides" track-name="guides" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Guides" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip menu="_book"> Guides </span> <span class="devsite-nav-icon material-icons" data-icon="forward" menu="_book"> </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/design/ui/mobile/samples" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Samples" track-name="samples" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Samples" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Samples </span> </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/develop" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Develop" track-name="develop" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Develop" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Develop </span> </a> <ul class="devsite-nav-responsive-tabs devsite-nav-has-menu "> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Develop" track-name="develop" > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip menu="Develop"> More </span> <span class="devsite-nav-icon material-icons" data-icon="forward" menu="Develop"> </span> </span> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/distribute" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Google Play" track-name="google play" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Google Play" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Google Play </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/community" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Tab: Community" track-name="community" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Community" track-type="globalNav" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Community </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/studio" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Android Studio" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Android Studio </span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="devsite-mobile-nav-bottom"> <ul class="devsite-nav-list" menu="_book"> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Foundations</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/design/ui/mobile/guides/foundations/accessibility" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /design/ui/mobile/guides/foundations/accessibility" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/design/ui/mobile/guides/foundations/accessibility" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Accessibility</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/design/ui/mobile/guides/foundations/system-bars" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /design/ui/mobile/guides/foundations/system-bars" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/design/ui/mobile/guides/foundations/system-bars" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>System bars</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/design/ui/mobile/guides/foundations/glossary" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /design/ui/mobile/guides/foundations/glossary" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/design/ui/mobile/guides/foundations/glossary" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Glossary</span></a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Styles</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/design/ui/mobile/guides/styles/color" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /design/ui/mobile/guides/styles/color" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/design/ui/mobile/guides/styles/color" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Color</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/design/ui/mobile/guides/styles/themes" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /design/ui/mobile/guides/styles/themes" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/design/ui/mobile/guides/styles/themes" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Themes</span></a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Layout and content</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/design/ui/mobile/guides/layout-and-content/layout-basics" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /design/ui/mobile/guides/layout-and-content/layout-basics" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/design/ui/mobile/guides/layout-and-content/layout-basics" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Layout basics</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/design/ui/mobile/guides/layout-and-content/grids-and-units" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /design/ui/mobile/guides/layout-and-content/grids-and-units" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/design/ui/mobile/guides/layout-and-content/grids-and-units" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Grids and units</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/design/ui/mobile/guides/layout-and-content/immersive-content" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /design/ui/mobile/guides/layout-and-content/immersive-content" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/design/ui/mobile/guides/layout-and-content/immersive-content" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Immersive content</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/design/ui/mobile/guides/layout-and-content/images-graphics" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /design/ui/mobile/guides/layout-and-content/images-graphics" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/design/ui/mobile/guides/layout-and-content/images-graphics" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Images and graphics</span></a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Components</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/design/ui/mobile/guides/components/material-overview" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /design/ui/mobile/guides/components/material-overview" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/design/ui/mobile/guides/components/material-overview" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Material Components</span></a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Patterns</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/design/ui/mobile/guides/patterns/predictive-back" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /design/ui/mobile/guides/patterns/predictive-back" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/design/ui/mobile/guides/patterns/predictive-back" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Predictive back</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/design/ui/mobile/guides/patterns/passkeys" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /design/ui/mobile/guides/patterns/passkeys" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/design/ui/mobile/guides/patterns/passkeys" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Auth with passkeys</span></a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Home screen</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/design/ui/mobile/guides/home-screen/notifications" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /design/ui/mobile/guides/home-screen/notifications" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/design/ui/mobile/guides/home-screen/notifications" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Notifications</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/design/ui/mobile/guides/home-screen/widgets" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /design/ui/mobile/guides/home-screen/widgets" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/design/ui/mobile/guides/home-screen/widgets" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Widgets</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/design/ui/mobile/guides/home-screen/picture-in-picture" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /design/ui/mobile/guides/home-screen/picture-in-picture" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/design/ui/mobile/guides/home-screen/picture-in-picture" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Picture-in-picture</span></a></li></ul></div></li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-expandable"><div class="devsite-expandable-nav"> <a class="devsite-nav-toggle" aria-hidden="true"></a><div class="devsite-nav-title devsite-nav-title-no-path" tabindex="0" role="button"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Widgets</span> </div><ul class="devsite-nav-section"><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/design/ui/mobile/guides/widgets" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /design/ui/mobile/guides/widgets" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/design/ui/mobile/guides/widgets" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Getting started</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/design/ui/mobile/guides/widgets/layouts" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /design/ui/mobile/guides/widgets/layouts" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/design/ui/mobile/guides/widgets/layouts" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Layouts</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/design/ui/mobile/guides/widgets/sizing" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /design/ui/mobile/guides/widgets/sizing" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/design/ui/mobile/guides/widgets/sizing" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Sizing</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/design/ui/mobile/guides/widgets/style" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /design/ui/mobile/guides/widgets/style" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/design/ui/mobile/guides/widgets/style" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Style</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/design/ui/mobile/guides/widgets/discovery-promotion" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /design/ui/mobile/guides/widgets/discovery-promotion" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/design/ui/mobile/guides/widgets/discovery-promotion" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Discovery and promotion</span></a></li><li class="devsite-nav-item"><a href="/design/ui/mobile/guides/widgets/widget_quality_guide" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Book nav link, pathname: /design/ui/mobile/guides/widgets/widget_quality_guide" track-type="bookNav" track-name="click" track-metadata-eventdetail="/design/ui/mobile/guides/widgets/widget_quality_guide" ><span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip>Widget Quality Tiers</span></a></li></ul></div></li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-nav-list" menu="Essentials" aria-label="Side menu" hidden> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Gemini in Android Studio </span> </span> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/gemini-in-android" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Learn more" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Learn more </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/studio" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Get Android Studio" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Get Android Studio </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Get started </span> </span> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/get-started/overview" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Hello world" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Hello world </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/courses" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Training courses" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Training courses </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/get-started/codelabs" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Tutorials" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Tutorials </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/kotlin" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Kotlin for Android" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Kotlin for Android </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://play.google.com/console/about/guides/monetize/" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Monetization with Play ↗️" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Monetization with Play ↗️ </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Extend by device </span> </span> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/adaptive-apps" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Adaptive apps" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Adaptive apps </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/wear" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Wear OS" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Wear OS </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/cars" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Android for Cars" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Android for Cars </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/tv" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Android TV" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Android TV </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/chrome-os" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: ChromeOS" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > ChromeOS </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/multi-device-development" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cross-device SDK" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cross-device SDK </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Build by category </span> </span> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/games" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Games" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Games </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/media" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Camera & Media" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Camera & Media </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/social-and-messaging" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Social & messaging" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Social & messaging </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/health-and-fitness" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Health & Fitness" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Health & Fitness </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/productivity" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Productivity" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Productivity </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/work/overview" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Enterprise apps" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Enterprise apps </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Get the latest </span> </span> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/latest-updates" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Latest updates" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Latest updates </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/latest-updates/experimental" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Experimental updates" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Experimental updates </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/studio/preview" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Android Studio preview" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Android Studio preview </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/jetpack/androidx/versions" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Jetpack & Compose libraries" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Jetpack & Compose libraries </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/training/wearables/versions/4" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Wear OS preview" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Wear OS preview </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/design-for-safety/privacy-sandbox" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Privacy Sandbox" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Privacy Sandbox </span> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-nav-list" menu="Design & Plan" aria-label="Side menu" hidden> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > UI Design </span> </span> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/design/ui" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Design for Android" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Design for Android </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/design/ui/mobile" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Mobile" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Mobile </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/design/ui/large-screens" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Large screens (e.g., tablets)" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Large screens (e.g., tablets) </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/design/ui/widget" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Widgets" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Widgets </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/design/ui/wear" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Wear OS" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Wear OS </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/design/ui/tv" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Android TV" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Android TV </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Architecture </span> </span> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/topic/architecture/intro" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Introduction" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Introduction </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/topic/libraries/view-binding" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Libraries" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Libraries </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/guide/navigation/navigation-principles" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Navigation" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Navigation </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/topic/modularization" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Modularization" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Modularization </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/training/testing/fundamentals" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Testing" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Testing </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Quality </span> </span> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/quality" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Overview" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Overview </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/quality/core-value" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Core value" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Core value </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/quality/user-experience" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: User experience" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > User experience </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/quality/technical" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Technical quality" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Technical quality </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/quality/privacy-and-security" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Security" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Security </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Security </span> </span> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/security" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Overview" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Overview </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/privacy-and-security/about" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Privacy" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Privacy </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/identity" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Identity" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Identity </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/security/fraud-prevention" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Fraud prevention" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Fraud prevention </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Build for Billions </span> </span> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/build-for-billions" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Overview" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Overview </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/docs/quality-guidelines/build-for-billions" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: About new markets" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > About new markets </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/guide/topics/androidgo" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Android (Go edition)" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Android (Go edition) </span> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="devsite-nav-list" menu="Develop" aria-label="Side menu" hidden> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Build AI experiences </span> </span> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/ai" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Get started" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Get started </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Core areas </span> </span> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/samples" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Samples" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Samples </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/quick-guides" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Try Quick Guidesᵇᵉᵗᵃ" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Try Quick Guidesᵇᵉᵗᵃ </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/develop/ui" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: User interfaces" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > User interfaces </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/guide/topics/permissions/overview" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Permissions" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Permissions </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/develop/background-work" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Background work" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Background work </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/guide/topics/data" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Data and files" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Data and files </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/develop#core-areas" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: All core areas ⤵️" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > All core areas ⤵️ </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Tools and workflow </span> </span> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/studio/write" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Write and debug code" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Write and debug code </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/build/gradle-build-overview" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Build projects" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Build projects </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/training/testing" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Test your app" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Test your app </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/topic/performance/overview" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Performance" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Performance </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/tools" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Command-line tools" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Command-line tools </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/reference/tools/gradle-api" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Gradle plugin API" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Gradle plugin API </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Device tech </span> </span> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/guide/topics/large-screens/get-started-with-large-screens" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Large screens (e.g., tablets)" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Large screens (e.g., tablets) </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/training/wearables" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Wear OS" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Wear OS </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/health-and-fitness/guides" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Android Health" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Android Health </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/guide/topics/connectivity/cross-device-sdk/overview" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Cross-device SDK" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Cross-device SDK </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/training/cars" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Android for Cars" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Android for Cars </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/training/tv" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Android TV" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Android TV </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/chrome-os/intro" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: ChromeOS" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > ChromeOS </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item devsite-nav-heading"> <span class="devsite-nav-title" tooltip > <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Libraries </span> </span> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/reference/packages" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Android platform" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Android platform </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/jetpack/androidx/explorer" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Jetpack libraries" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Jetpack libraries </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="/jetpack/androidx/releases/compose" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Compose libraries" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Compose libraries </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://developers.google.com/android/reference/packages" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Google Play services ↗️" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Google Play services ↗️ </span> </a> </li> <li class="devsite-nav-item"> <a href="https://play.google.com/sdks" class="devsite-nav-title gc-analytics-event " data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Responsive Tab: Google Play SDK index ↗️" track-type="navMenu" track-metadata-eventDetail="globalMenu" track-metadata-position="nav"> <span class="devsite-nav-text" tooltip > Google Play SDK index ↗️ </span> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </devsite-book-nav> <section id="gc-wrapper"> <main role="main" class="devsite-main-content" has-book-nav has-sidebar > <div class="devsite-sidebar"> <div class="devsite-sidebar-content"> <devsite-toc class="devsite-nav" role="navigation" aria-label="On this page" depth="2" scrollbars ></devsite-toc> <devsite-recommendations-sidebar class="nocontent devsite-nav"> </devsite-recommendations-sidebar> </div> </div> <devsite-content> <article class="devsite-article"> <div class="devsite-article-meta nocontent" role="navigation"> <ul class="devsite-breadcrumb-list" aria-label="Breadcrumb"> <li class="devsite-breadcrumb-item "> <a href="https://developer.android.com/" class="devsite-breadcrumb-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Breadcrumbs" data-value="1" track-type="globalNav" track-name="breadcrumb" track-metadata-position="1" track-metadata-eventdetail="Android Developers" > Android Developers </a> </li> <li class="devsite-breadcrumb-item "> <div class="devsite-breadcrumb-guillemet material-icons" aria-hidden="true"></div> <a href="https://developer.android.com/design" class="devsite-breadcrumb-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Breadcrumbs" data-value="2" track-type="globalNav" track-name="breadcrumb" track-metadata-position="2" track-metadata-eventdetail="" > Design & Plan </a> </li> <li class="devsite-breadcrumb-item "> <div class="devsite-breadcrumb-guillemet material-icons" aria-hidden="true"></div> <a href="https://developer.android.com/design/ui" class="devsite-breadcrumb-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Breadcrumbs" data-value="3" track-type="globalNav" track-name="breadcrumb" track-metadata-position="3" track-metadata-eventdetail="UI Design" > UI Design </a> </li> <li class="devsite-breadcrumb-item "> <div class="devsite-breadcrumb-guillemet material-icons" aria-hidden="true"></div> <a href="https://developer.android.com/design/ui/mobile" class="devsite-breadcrumb-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Breadcrumbs" data-value="4" track-type="globalNav" track-name="breadcrumb" track-metadata-position="4" track-metadata-eventdetail="Mobile" > Mobile </a> </li> <li class="devsite-breadcrumb-item "> <div class="devsite-breadcrumb-guillemet material-icons" aria-hidden="true"></div> <a href="https://developer.android.com/design/ui/mobile/guides/foundations/accessibility" class="devsite-breadcrumb-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Breadcrumbs" data-value="5" track-type="globalNav" track-name="breadcrumb" track-metadata-position="5" track-metadata-eventdetail="" > Guides </a> </li> </ul> <devsite-thumb-rating position="header"> </devsite-thumb-rating> </div> <h1 class="devsite-page-title" tabindex="-1"> Notifications </h1> <devsite-feature-tooltip ack-key="AckCollectionsBookmarkTooltipDismiss" analytics-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" analytics-action-show="Callout Profile displayed" analytics-action-close="Callout Profile dismissed" analytics-label="Create Collection Callout" class="devsite-page-bookmark-tooltip nocontent" dismiss-button="true" id="devsite-collections-dropdown" dismiss-button-text="Dismiss" close-button-text="Got it"> <devsite-bookmark></devsite-bookmark> <span slot="popout-heading"> Stay organized with collections </span> <span slot="popout-contents"> Save and categorize content based on your preferences. </span> </devsite-feature-tooltip> <div class="devsite-page-title-meta"><devsite-view-release-notes></devsite-view-release-notes></div> <devsite-toc class="devsite-nav" depth="2" devsite-toc-embedded > </devsite-toc> <devsite-recommendations-dropdown class="nocontent"></devsite-recommendations-dropdown> <div class="devsite-article-body clearfix "> <figure id = "hero"> <img src="/static/images/design/ui/mobile/notifications-hero.png" alt = ""> </figure> <p>Notifications provide brief, timely, and relevant information related to your app when it's not in use.</p> <p>The Android OS controls many aspects of notifications, but you have control over other aspects. Follow these steps when implementing notifications:</p> <ol> <li>Understand the anatomy of a notification.</li> <li>Choose the type of notification for your use case.</li> <li>Set the notification category that aligns with the type of notification you've chosen.</li> </ol> <h2 id="takeaways" data-text="Takeaways" tabindex="-1">Takeaways</h2> <ul> <li>Consider the purpose of the notification: why are you alerting your users?</li> <li>Determine notification permission pattern, consider how important notifications are to your app and where to ask in your user's journey.</li> <li>Pick your notification template.</li> <li>Create notification content: <ul> <li>Header text should succinctly summarize the notification.</li> <li>Content text should preview the notification.</li> <li>Image content if applicable to your app's content.</li> <li>Media keyart and metadata for media template.</li> </ul></li> <li>Make it obvious what your user can do with a notification by providing actions based on their content either with text buttons, typing, or media controls.</li> <li>Include your app icon and set the app icon background color.</li> <li>Set channels and categories for your notifications. This allows the system and your user to customize what notifications they receive and provides priority behavior.</li> <li>If your app may deliver multiple notifications at once, group notifications.</li> <li>Check out the <a href="https://goo.gle/android-ui-kit" class="external">Android UI Kit on Figma</a> for notification templates.</li> </ul> <h2 id="anatomy-notification" data-text="Anatomy of a notification" tabindex="-1">Anatomy of a notification</h2> <p>Notifications are designed to make it easy to scan and use a notification's most important elements. These elements are:</p> <ul> <li><strong>Primary content</strong>: this constitutes the most prominent element of a notification. Secondary information, such as a timestamp, is smaller and consolidated above the primary content.</li> <li><strong>People</strong>: if the notification involves a person, an avatar stands out from the rest of the content.</li> <li><strong>Actions</strong>: users can expand notifications by tapping an indicator icon. Actions are displayed with text labels on a separate background color and location.</li> </ul> <figure id="notifications-1-collapsed"> <img src="/static/images/design/ui/mobile/notifications-1-collapsed.png" width="400" alt> <figcaption><b>Figure 1:</b> Collapsed notification</figcaption> </figure> <h3 id="notification-header" data-text="Notification header and content" tabindex="-1">Notification header and content</h3> <p>When collapsed, a notification shows the app icon, header text, timestamp, expand indicator, and content text. It can also optionally show a large icon.</p> <figure id="notifications-2-header-area"> <img src="/static/images/design/ui/mobile/notifications-2-header-area.png" alt> <figcaption><b>Figure 2:</b> Notification header area</figcaption> </figure> <p><span class="callout">1</span> <b>App icon:</b> The app icon is a two-dimensional representation of your app's identity. It appears in monochrome in the status bar. If your app sends a wide variety of notifications, consider replacing your app icon with a symbol to distinguish between the different kinds of notifications. See <a href="#apply-icon-color">Apply the icon color</a> for details.</p> <p><span class="callout">2</span> <b>Header text:</b> a brief headline for the notification or source, such as the account name for users. Content is the most prominent element of a notification.</p> <p><span class="callout">3</span> <b>Timestamp:</b> indicates when a notification was sent, such as the time of a missed call.</p> <p><span class="callout">4</span> <b>Expand indicator:</b> indicates whether the notification is in a collapsed or expanded state.</p> <p><span class="callout">5</span> <b>Content text:</b> supporting information.</p> <p><span class="callout">6</span> <b>Large icon (optional):</b> An image may be added to reinforce the notification in a meaningful way, such as a message that includes an avatar of the sender.</p> <h4 id="apply-icon-color" data-text="Apply the icon color" tabindex="-1">Apply the icon color</h4> <p>Starting in Android 12 (API level 31), the system derives the icon color from the notification color you set in the app. If the app doesn't set the color, it uses the system theme color. Previously, the color was gray.</p> <figure id="notifications-3-resulting-styled-app-icon-color" class="attempt-right"> <img src="/static/images/design/ui/mobile/notifications-3-resulting-styled-app-icon-color.png" width="400" alt> <figcaption><b>Figure 3:</b> Resulting styled app icon color</figcaption> </figure> <p>For most styles, the system applies this color only if the notification is for a foreground service notification. However, there is no such requirement for <code translate="no" dir="ltr">MediaStyle</code> and <code translate="no" dir="ltr">DecoratedMediaCustomViewStyle</code> notifications that have a media session attached.</p> <p>The following snippet shows how to apply the icon color.</p> <div></div><devsite-code><pre class="devsite-click-to-copy" translate="no" dir="ltr" is-upgraded syntax="Java"><code translate="no" dir="ltr"><span class="devsite-syntax-n">val</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">notification</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-o">=</span><span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">Notification</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-na">Builder</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">()</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-na">setColor</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">(</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">Color</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-na">GREEN</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">)</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-na">setColorized</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">(</span><span class="devsite-syntax-kc">true</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">)</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-na">setSmallIcon</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">(</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">R</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-na">drawable</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-na">app_icon</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">)</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-na">setStyle</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">(</span><span class="devsite-syntax-n">Notification</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-na">DecoratedCustomViewStyle</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">())</span> <span class="devsite-syntax-w"> </span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">.</span><span class="devsite-syntax-na">build</span><span class="devsite-syntax-p">()</span> </code></pre></devsite-code><aside class="note"><strong>Note:</strong><span> Reserve setting the background color of a notification for high priority notifications such as navigation, ongoing call, or other similar high-priority events.</span></aside> <h3 id="notification-actions" data-text="Notification actions" tabindex="-1">Notification actions</h3> <figure id="notifications-4-action-area"> <img src="/static/images/design/ui/mobile/notifications-4-action-area.png" alt> <figcaption><b>Figure 4:</b> Notification action area</figcaption> </figure> <p><span class="callout">1</span> Text button actions</p> <p><span class="callout">2</span> Filled action buttons</p> <p><span class="callout">3</span> Suggested replies</p> <p><span class="callout">4</span> Reply text field</p> <p>Starting with Android 7.0 (API level 24), the system shows actions without icons to accommodate more text. To accommodate Android Wear devices and devices running Android 6.0 (API level 23) and lower, your app must still provide an icon.</p> <h3 id="expanded-views" data-text="Expanded views" tabindex="-1">Expanded views</h3> <p>You can use an expanded view to display more information to the user without navigating away from the notification.</p> <p>When expanded, a notification can provide up to three of any of the following kinds of actions:</p> <ul> <li>Suggested replies</li> <li>Emphasized actions (pill-shaped buttons)</li> <li>Standard text actions</li> </ul> <div class="android-caption android-caption-grid"> <div class="android-caption-image-centered"> <div class=" android-caption-item android-caption-bad "> <div class="android-caption-image-container" > <picture> <img src="/static/images/design/ui/mobile/notifications-5-dont-include-text-actions.png" class="android-caption-image" alt="" style="height: auto; max-width: 100%" > </picture> </div> <div class="android-caption-label android-caption-label-bad"> <span class=" material-icons-round android-caption-icon android-caption-icon-bad" aria-hidden="true" translate="no"> cancel </span> <h3 class="android-caption-label-text no-link hide-from-toc" id="dont" data-text="Don't" tabindex="-1">Don't</h3> </div> <div class="android-caption-description">Include text actions that duplicate the behavior of tapping on the notification body.</div> </div> </div> <div class="android-caption-image-centered"> <div class=" android-caption-item android-caption-good "> <div class="android-caption-image-container" > <picture> <img src="/static/images/design/ui/mobile/notifications-6-do-let-user-pause.png" class="android-caption-image" alt="" style="height: auto; max-width: 100%" > </picture> </div> <div class="android-caption-label android-caption-label-good"> <span class=" material-icons-round android-caption-icon android-caption-icon-good" aria-hidden="true" translate="no"> check_circle </span> <h3 class="android-caption-label-text no-link hide-from-toc" id="do" data-text="Do" tabindex="-1">Do</h3> </div> <div class="android-caption-description">Give the user a chance to interact with the notification. The Google Clock app shows a timer running, but it lets the user pause or add a minute directly from the notification.</div> </div> </div> </div> <h3 id="enable-typing" data-text="Enable typing in notifications" tabindex="-1">Enable typing in notifications</h3> <p>You enable the user to type directly into a notification by including a Reply action. This is designed for typing a small amount of text, such as replying to a text message or jotting a brief note.</p> <p>For longer-form typing, navigate users to your app to provide them more space to view and edit text.</p> <p>For messaging apps, we recommend keeping the notification present after the user has sent the reply, and waiting until the conversation is paused before automatically dismissing it.</p> <figure id="notifications-7-users-reply-directly"> <img src="/static/images/design/ui/mobile/notifications-7-users-reply-directly.png" width="400" alt> <figcaption><b>Figure 5:</b> A user replying directly in the Android Messages without leaving the notification after tapping Reply</figcaption> </figure> <h2 id="choose-notification" data-text="Choose the notification type depending on your use case" tabindex="-1">Choose the notification type depending on your use case</h2> <p>Google uses the following notification templates in its Android apps. These templates can be customized to some extent for your app.</p> <aside class="note"><strong>Note:</strong><span> Notifications can vary by device manufacturer.</span></aside> <p>Check out the Android UI Kit on Figma for notification templates.</p> <h3 id="standard-template" data-text="Standard template" tabindex="-1">Standard template</h3> <p>The standard template is suitable for most notifications, allowing succinct text, a large icon (when applicable), and actions.</p> <figure id="notifications-8-standard-template"> <img src="/static/images/design/ui/mobile/notifications-8-standard-template.png" alt> <figcaption><b>Figure 6:</b> Standard notification template</figcaption> </figure> <h3 id="big-text" data-text="Big text template" tabindex="-1">Big text template</h3> <p>The big text template is ideal for displaying blocks of longer text. It lets the user preview more text after they expand the notification.</p> <figure id="notifications-9-big-text-template"> <img src="/static/images/design/ui/mobile/notifications-9-big-text-template.png" alt> <figcaption><b>Figure 7:</b> Big text template, with option large icon</figcaption> </figure> <h3 id="big-picture" data-text="Big picture template" tabindex="-1">Big picture template</h3> <p>The big picture template is designed for notifications containing an image. When collapsed, the notification shows a large icon thumbnail of the picture. When expanded, the notification shows a much larger preview.</p> <figure id="notifications-10-big-picture-template"> <img src="/static/images/design/ui/mobile/notifications-10-big-picture-template.png" alt> <figcaption><b>Figure 8:</b> Big picture template</figcaption> </figure> <h3 id="progress-template" data-text="Progress template" tabindex="-1">Progress template</h3> <p>The progress template is designed for user-initiated activities that take time to complete. When expanded, a notification that uses this template shows a progress bar and also includes a "cancel" action that lets the user terminate this activity. (Non-cancelable activities don't warrant notifications.)</p> <figure id="notifications-11-progress-template"> <img src="/static/images/design/ui/mobile/notifications-11-progress-template.png" alt> <figcaption><b>Figure 9:</b> Progress template</figcaption> </figure> <h3 id="media-template" data-text="Media template" tabindex="-1">Media template</h3> <p>The media template is designed for letting the user control media currently playing from an app.</p> <ul> <li>When collapsed, the notification can display up to three actions. The large icon can show a related image such as an album cover.</li> <li>When expanded, the notification displays up to five actions with a larger image, or six actions with no image. The background and other elements of the notification automatically inherit the colors from the image.</li> </ul> <aside class="note"><strong>Note:</strong><span> To make your player app appear in the quick setting settings area, create a MediaStyle notification with a valid MediaSession token. See <a href="/guide/topics/media/media-controls">Media controls</a> for details.</span></aside> <figure id="notifications-12-media-template"> <img src="/static/images/design/ui/mobile/notifications-12-media-template.png" alt> <figcaption><b>Figure 10:</b> Media template</figcaption> </figure> <h3 id="messaging-template" data-text="Messaging template" tabindex="-1">Messaging template</h3> <p>The <a href="/develop/ui/views/notifications/conversations#api-notifications">MessagingStyle</a> template is designed for real-time communication. When expanded, a notification using this template lets the user reply to messages from within the notification.</p> <figure id="notifications-13-messaging-template"> <img src="/static/images/design/ui/mobile/notifications-13-messaging-template.png" alt> <figcaption><b>Figure 11:</b> Messaging template</figcaption> </figure> <h3 id="call-template" data-text="Call template" tabindex="-1">Call template</h3> <p>Use the <a href="/reference/android/app/Notification.CallStyle">CallStyle</a> template to generate large-format notifications that include a large image attachment and indicate an incoming or outgoing call.</p> <figure id="notifications-call-style"> <img src="/static/images/design/ui/mobile/notifications-call-style.png" alt> <figcaption><b>Figure 12:</b> Call template</figcaption> </figure> <h2 id="notification-permissions" data-text="Notification permissions" tabindex="-1">Notification permissions</h2> <p>As relevant and timely as notifications can be, most notifications are <em>non-exempt</em>, that is, the user must consent to receiving notifications from your app.</p> <p>There is one exception to this: starting in Android 13 (API level 33), media sessions and apps that manage phone calls are <em>exempt</em> from asking for user consent. Pre-existing apps may also be eligible if the user already has notifications on. See more details in <a href="/develop/ui/views/notifications/notification-permission#exemptions">Exemptions</a>.</p> <p>We strongly recommend that your app provide notification options in settings to allow users to update their <a href="/develop/ui/views/notifications/notification-permission">notifications preferences</a>.</p> <h3 id="prompt-user" data-text="Prompt the user to opt-in to non-exempt notifications" tabindex="-1">Prompt the user to opt-in to non-exempt notifications</h3> <p>For non-exempt notifications, prompt the user to indicate whether they want to to opt-in to receiving notifications. Users who explicitly choose to receive notifications are likely to find them more useful and less intrusive.</p> <figure id="notifications-14-request-user-permission" class="attempt-right"> <img src="/static/images/design/ui/mobile/notifications-14-request-user-permission.png" width="400" alt> <figcaption><b>Figure 13:</b> Requesting a user's consent for a non-exempt notification</figcaption> </figure> <p>Wait to show the notification dialog prompt:</p> <ul> <li>Describe the benefits notifications provide, and the result of not granting permissions for notifications.</li> <li>Provide contextual UI, relating the notification to its features or what it affects. This UI can take any form to integrate best within your app: for example card within a fee, bottom sheet, or onboarding screen. Any of these should be dismissable.</li> <li>Do not show the notification permission dialog, if the user has dismissed the UI.</li> </ul> <p>Starting in Android 13, users can be re-prompted for notification permissions.</p> <h3 id="required-notifications" data-text="Required notifications" tabindex="-1">Required notifications</h3> <p>Foreground services perform operations that are noticeable to the user but while they're not directly interacting with your app. These services show a status bar notification to make users aware that your app is performing a task in the foreground and is consuming system resources.</p> <figure id="notifications-15-fitness-app-example" class="attempt-left"> <img src="/static/images/design/ui/mobile/notifications-15-fitness-app-example.png" width="400" alt> <figcaption><b>Figure 14:</b> Example of fitness app foreground service notification</figcaption> </figure> <p>Because these processes use battery and possibly data, your app must make users aware of them by showing a non-dismissible notification. The user can't dismiss the notification, so you must provide an action for the user to stop the service.</p> <p>The following example shows a notification from a fitness app. The user has started an active workout session, which instantiates a foreground service tracking the workout session. The app shows the notification to indicate it's tracking walking, with an option to see the workout.</p> <h3 id="anti-pattern" data-text="When not to use a notification" tabindex="-1">When not to use a notification</h3> <p>Don't use notifications for any of the following use cases:</p> <ul> <li>For cross-promotion or advertisement of another product (this is <em>strictly prohibited</em> by the Play Store)</li> <li>If the user has never opened your app</li> <li>As the primary method of communication with users</li> <li>To encourage the user to return to an app, but provide no direct value (for example, "Haven't seen you in a while!")</li> <li>For requests to rate your app</li> <li>For operations that don't require user involvement, such as syncing information</li> <li>To announce error states the app may recover from without user interaction</li> <li>For holiday or birthday messages</li> </ul> <div class="android-caption android-caption-grid"> <div class="android-caption-image-centered"> <div class=" android-caption-item android-caption-bad "> <div class="android-caption-image-container" > <picture> <img src="/static/images/design/ui/mobile/notifications-16-dont-send-greetings.png" class="android-caption-image" alt="" style="height: auto; max-width: 100%" > </picture> </div> <div class="android-caption-label android-caption-label-bad"> <span class=" material-icons-round android-caption-icon android-caption-icon-bad" aria-hidden="true" translate="no"> cancel </span> <h3 class="android-caption-label-text no-link hide-from-toc" id="dont_1" data-text="Don't" tabindex="-1">Don't</h3> </div> <div class="android-caption-description">Send holiday or birthday greetings in the form of notifications.</div> </div> </div> <div class="android-caption-image-centered"> <div class=" android-caption-item android-caption-bad "> <div class="android-caption-image-container" > <picture> <img src="/static/images/design/ui/mobile/notifications-17-dont-interrupt-user.png" class="android-caption-image" alt="" style="height: auto; max-width: 100%" > </picture> </div> <div class="android-caption-label android-caption-label-bad"> <span class=" material-icons-round android-caption-icon android-caption-icon-bad" aria-hidden="true" translate="no"> cancel </span> <h3 class="android-caption-label-text no-link hide-from-toc" id="dont_2" data-text="Don't" tabindex="-1">Don't</h3> </div> <div class="android-caption-description">Interrupt the user in the middle of a task for the sole purpose of asking if you're doing a good job.</div> </div> </div> </div> <h2 id="behavior" data-text="Behavior" tabindex="-1">Behavior</h2> <p>Be aware of the following notification behaviors and how to handle them in certain contexts.</p> <h3 id="notification-arrival" data-text="Notification arrival" tabindex="-1">Notification arrival</h3> <p>When a notification arrives, Android adds it to the notification drawer. Depending on the parameters you set and the current state of the device, the notification may perform any of the following actions:</p> <ul> <li>Make a sound or cause phone vibration.</li> <li>Display in the status bar with an icon; this is typically your app icon, but if you have multiple types of notifications, use a symbol that captures the notification's purpose.</li> <li>Display as a heads-up notification, peeking onto the current screen to grab the user's attention.</li> </ul> <p>As always, the user can choose to alter the notification behaviors you set.</p> <figure id="notifications-13-messaging-template"> <img src="/static/images/design/ui/mobile/notifications-arrival.png" alt> <figcaption><b>Figure 15:</b>Notification arrival</figcaption> </figure> <p><span class="callout">1</span> Notification indicator in the status bar, indicating that there's a notification in the notification drawer.</p> <p><span class="callout">2</span> Notification "peeking" onto the current screen to grab a user's attention in the middle of a task.</p> <h3 id="notification-drawer" data-text="Notification drawer" tabindex="-1">Notification drawer</h3> <p>The notification drawer in Android typically shows notifications in reverse-chronological order, with adjustments influenced by the following conditions:</p> <ul> <li>The app's stated notification priority or importance</li> <li>Whether the notification recently alerted the user with a sound or vibration</li> <li>Any people attached to the notification and whether they are starred contacts</li> <li>Whether the notification represents an important ongoing activity, such as a phone call in progress or music playing</li> <li>Alterations of the appearance of some notifications by the Android OS at the top and bottom of the list by adding emphasis or deemphasis, which helps the user scan content</li> </ul> <p><strong>Handle stale notifications</strong></p> <p>The notification drawer is designed to show users information that is relevant for the current moment in time. If an earlier notification is <em>stale</em>, that is, no longer relevant, dismiss it so the user doesn't see it.</p> <figure id="notifications-20-just-arrived-text"> <img src="/static/images/design/ui/mobile/notifications-20-just-arrived-text.png" width="400" alt> <figcaption><b>Figure 16:</b> Just-arrived text appears at the top of the notification drawer, with a lower priority notification about a photo being added at the bottom</figcaption> </figure> <h3 id="new-notifications" data-text="New notifications indicated by app icon badge" tabindex="-1">New notifications indicated by app icon badge</h3> <p>In supported launchers on devices running Android 8.0 (API level 26) and higher, app icons display a <em>notification dot</em> to indicate that the app has a new notification associated with it. These dots appear by default in launcher apps that support them, and there's nothing your app needs to do. Badging can also be disabled and limited.</p> <figure id="notifications-21-dot"> <img src="/static/images/design/ui/mobile/notifications-21-dot.png" width="400" alt> <figcaption><b>Figure 17:</b> Notification dot on an app icon, indicating the app has a new notification associated with it</figcaption> </figure> <h3 id="actions-users" data-text="Actions users can perform with notifications" tabindex="-1">Actions users can perform with notifications</h3> <p>Notifications can enable users to perform any of the following actions:</p> <ul> <li><p>Navigate to a destination: to navigate, a user may tap a notification. If the notification displays on a locked screen, the user needs to double-tap it and then enter their PIN, pattern, or password.</p> <p>When the user taps a notification, your app must display UI that relates directly to that notification and lets the user take immediate action. For example, if the notification says it's their turn in a two-player game, tapping the notification should take them directly to that game.</p></li> <li><p>See an expanded view of the notification: an expand indicator appears in the header. A user can tap the indicator or swipe down the notification body to expand it.</p> <figure id="notifications-22-expanded-notification"> <img src="/static/images/design/ui/mobile/notifications-22-expanded-notification.png" alt> <figcaption><b>Figure 18:</b> Expanded notification</figcaption> </figure></li> <li><p>Dismiss the notification (if permitted): a user can dismiss it by swiping it left or right.</p></li> </ul> <p>Ongoing notifications that indicate a continuing process in the background, such as music playing, may not be dismissed with a swipe.</p> <ul> <li><p>Snooze a heads-up notification: a user can swipe up on a <a href="/develop/ui/views/notifications#Heads-up">heads-up notification</a>, and no further notifications from that event are allowed to pulse for one minute.</p></li> <li><p>Control similar notifications in the future: users can access notification controls by:</p> <ul> <li>Touching & holding an individual notification</li> <li>Swiping the notification left or right, and then tapping the settings icon</li> </ul></li> </ul> <p>The controls displayed vary depending on the Android version and whether the app has channels for its notifications (starting in Android 8.0).</p> <h3 id="group-multiple" data-text="Group multiple notifications" tabindex="-1">Group multiple notifications</h3> <p>For apps that generate multiple notifications of the same type, Android offers notification grouping to avoid overwhelming users.</p> <p>Your app can present multiple notifications according to the following hierarchy.</p> <ul> <li>A parent notification displays a summary of its child notifications.</li> <li>If the user expands the parent notification, Android reveals all child notifications.</li> <li>A user can expand a child notification to reveal its entire content.</li> </ul> <p>Android presents child notifications without duplicate header information. For example, if a child notification has the same app icon as its parent, the child's header doesn't include an icon.</p> <p>Child notifications must be understandable if they appear solo, as the system may show them outside of the group when they arrive.</p> <p><figure id="notifications-22-expanded-notification"> <img src="/static/images/design/ui/mobile/notifications-group.png" alt> <figcaption><b>Figure 19:</b> Grouped notifications collapsed and expanded views.</figcaption> </figure></p> <h2 id="settings" data-text="Settings" tabindex="-1">Settings</h2> <h4 id="channels" data-text="Channels" tabindex="-1">Channels</h4> <p>Starting in Android 8.0 (API level 26), all notifications must be assigned to a channel. For each channel, you can set the visual and auditory behavior that is applied to all notifications in that channel. Users can change these settings and decide which notification channels from your app can be intrusive or visible.</p> <p>For details on how to implement this, see <a href="/develop/ui/views/notifications/channels">Create and manage notification channels</a>.</p> <p>Importance should be chosen with consideration for the user's time and attention. When an unimportant notification is disguised as urgent, it can produce unnecessary alarm.</p> <table> <thead> <tr> <th>Importance</th> <th>Behavior</th> <th>Usage</th> <th>Examples</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">HIGH</code></td> <td>Makes a sound and appears on screen</td> <td>Time-critical information that the user must know, or act on, immediately</td> <td>Text messages, alarms, phone calls</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">DEFAULT</code></td> <td>Makes a sound</td> <td>Information that should be seen at the user’s earliest convenience, but not interrupt what they're doing</td> <td>Traffic alerts, task reminders</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">LOW</code></td> <td>No sound</td> <td>Notification channels that don't meet the requirements of other importance levels</td> <td>New content the user has subscribed to, social network invitations</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">MIN</code></td> <td>No sound or visual interruption</td> <td>Non-essential information that can wait or isn’t specifically relevant to the user</td> <td>Nearby places of interest, weather, promotional content</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h3 id="pre-defined-categories" data-text="Pre-defined categories" tabindex="-1">Pre-defined categories</h3> <p>Whether you're using channels or not, assign each individual notification to the most suitable predefined category. Android may use this information to make ranking and filtering decisions.</p> <table> <thead> <tr> <th>Category</th> <th>Description</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">CATEGORY_CALL</code></td> <td>Incoming call (voice or video) or similar synchronous communication request</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">CATEGORY_MESSAGE</code></td> <td>Incoming direct message (SMS, instant message, etc.)</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">CATEGORY_EMAIL</code></td> <td>Asynchronous bulk message (email)</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">CATEGORY_EVENT</code></td> <td>Calendar event</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">CATEGORY_PROMO</code></td> <td>Promotion or advertisement</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">CATEGORY_ALARM</code></td> <td>Alarm or timer</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">CATEGORY_PROGRESS</code></td> <td>Progress of a long-running background operation</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">CATEGORY_SOCIAL</code></td> <td>Social network or sharing update</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">CATEGORY_ERROR</code></td> <td>Error in background operation or authentication status</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">CATEGORY_TRANSPORT</code></td> <td>Media transport control for playback</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">CATEGORY_SYSTEM</code></td> <td>System or device status update. Reserved for system use.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">CATEGORY_SERVICE</code></td> <td>Indication of running background service</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">CATEGORY_RECOMMENDATION</code></td> <td>A specific, timely recommendation for a single thing. For example, a news app might recommend a news story the user might want to read next.</td> </tr> <tr> <td><code translate="no" dir="ltr">CATEGORY_STATUS</code></td> <td>Ongoing information about device or contextual status</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <h2 id="lock-screen" data-text="Lock screen notifications" tabindex="-1">Lock screen notifications</h2> <p>If a user has opted to show notifications when their screen is locked, these notifications can conceal any content that your app marks as sensitive. Android evaluates each notification's visibility level to determine what can safely be shown.</p> <h3 id="set-sensitivity" data-text="Set sensitivity level for content on lock screens" tabindex="-1">Set sensitivity level for content on lock screens</h3> <p>User privacy is critically important, so be aware that there are different levels of notification that can be visible on the lock screen. For each notification you create, you must set the visibility level to <em>public, private</em>, or <em>secret</em>.</p> <ul> <li><em>Public</em> notifications are fully visible on secure lock screens.</li> <li><em>Secret</em> notifications are hidden.</li> <li><em>Private</em> notifications fall in the middle: they show only basic information, including the name of the app that posted it and its icon. Instead of the regular content—which is hidden—you can optionally to show text that doesn't reveal personal information, such as <code translate="no" dir="ltr">2 new messages</code>.</li> </ul> <p>In the following example, lock screen notifications for the Gmail and Photos apps show all content after the user has chosen to show this information on the lock screen.</p> <p><figure id="notifications-22-expanded-notification"> <img src="/static/images/design/ui/mobile/notifications-sensitivity-levels.png" alt> <figcaption><b>Figure 20:</b> Lock screen with different sensitivity levels.</figcaption> </figure></p> <p><span class="callout">1</span> All notification content shown on the lock screen</p> <p><span class="callout">2</span> Sensitive notification content hidden on the lock screen</p> <h2 id="style" data-text="Style" tabindex="-1">Style</h2> <h3 id="clear-and" data-text="Clear and concise text" tabindex="-1">Clear and concise text</h3> <p>Android truncates content titles to a single line (even when expanded).</p> <p>A good content title adheres to the following guidelines:</p> <ul> <li>Doesn't exceed 30 characters</li> <li>Contains the most important information</li> <li>Avoids variables (unless they contain a number or short text string, or are preceded by text)</li> <li>Excludes the app's name, which already appears in the header</li> </ul> <div class="android-caption android-caption-grid"> <div class="android-caption-image-centered"> <div class=" android-caption-item android-caption-bad "> <div class="android-caption-image-container" > <picture> <img src="/static/images/design/ui/mobile/notifications-27-takeaways-dont-show-app-name.png" class="android-caption-image" alt="" style="height: auto; max-width: 100%" > </picture> </div> <div class="android-caption-label android-caption-label-bad"> <span class=" material-icons-round android-caption-icon android-caption-icon-bad" aria-hidden="true" translate="no"> cancel </span> <h3 class="android-caption-label-text no-link hide-from-toc" id="dont_3" data-text="Don't" tabindex="-1">Don't</h3> </div> <div class="android-caption-description">Show the app name in the content title, which is redundant with the header area and uses available characters.</div> </div> </div> <div class="android-caption-image-centered"> <div class=" android-caption-item android-caption-good "> <div class="android-caption-image-container" > <picture> <img src="/static/images/design/ui/mobile/notifications-28-do-show-most-important-info.png" class="android-caption-image" alt="" style="height: auto; max-width: 100%" > </picture> </div> <div class="android-caption-label android-caption-label-good"> <span class=" material-icons-round android-caption-icon android-caption-icon-good" aria-hidden="true" translate="no"> check_circle </span> <h3 class="android-caption-label-text no-link hide-from-toc" id="do_1" data-text="Do" tabindex="-1">Do</h3> </div> <div class="android-caption-description">Show the most important information in the content title.</div> </div> </div> </div> <p>Good content text adheres to the following guidelines:</p> <ul> <li>Avoids exceeding the 40-character limit</li> <li>Avoids repeating what's in the content title</li> </ul> <h3 id="large-icon" data-text="The large icon" tabindex="-1">The large icon</h3> <p>Use the large icon for use cases in which imagery meaningfully reinforces the notification's content. Some examples are:</p> <ul> <li>Communications from another person, such as the image of someone sending a message</li> <li>The source of content if it's different than the app sending the notification, such as the logo from a YouTube channel a user is subscribed to</li> <li>Meaningful symbols about the notification, such as an arrow symbol for driving directions</li> </ul> <p>Large icons must be circular when showing a person, but square in all other cases. <div class="android-caption android-caption-grid"> <div class="android-caption-image-centered"> <div class=" android-caption-item android-caption-bad "> <div class="android-caption-image-container" > <picture> <img src="/static/images/design/ui/mobile/notifications-29-dont-use-large-icon-branding.png" class="android-caption-image" alt="" style="height: auto; max-width: 100%" > </picture> </div> <div class="android-caption-label android-caption-label-bad"> <span class=" material-icons-round android-caption-icon android-caption-icon-bad" aria-hidden="true" translate="no"> cancel </span> <h3 class="android-caption-label-text no-link hide-from-toc" id="dont_4" data-text="Don't" tabindex="-1">Don't</h3> </div> <div class="android-caption-description">Use the large icon for branding.</div> </div> </div> <div class="android-caption-image-centered"> <div class=" android-caption-item android-caption-good "> <div class="android-caption-image-container" > <picture> <img src="/static/images/design/ui/mobile/notifications-30-do-use-large-icon-reinforce-meaning.png" class="android-caption-image" alt="" style="height: auto; max-width: 100%" > </picture> </div> <div class="android-caption-label android-caption-label-good"> <span class=" material-icons-round android-caption-icon android-caption-icon-good" aria-hidden="true" translate="no"> check_circle </span> <h3 class="android-caption-label-text no-link hide-from-toc" id="do_2" data-text="Do" tabindex="-1">Do</h3> </div> <div class="android-caption-description">Use the large icon to reinforce a notification's content in a meaningful way, such as a displaying person's photo attached to a message notification.</div> </div> </div> </div></p> <h2 id="android-version" data-text="Android version updates" tabindex="-1">Android version updates</h2> <p>The Android notification system UI and the notification-related APIs continually evolve. For a list of these changes check out the <a href="/develop/ui/views/notifications#compatibility">notification compatibility</a>.</p> <h2 id="platform-considerations" data-text="Platform Considerations" tabindex="-1">Platform Considerations</h2> <h3 id="wear" data-text="Wear" tabindex="-1">Wear</h3> <p>If the user has a paired Wear OS device, all your notifications appear there automatically, including expandable detail and action buttons. For details, see the <a href="/develop/ui/views/notifications#wear">design page for notifications on Wear</a>.</p> <devsite-hats-survey class="nocontent" hats-id="VxqvKSur40kxBYCLVTd0SSGykbno" listnr-id="5207477"></devsite-hats-survey> </div> <devsite-recommendations display="in-page" hidden yield> </devsite-recommendations> <devsite-thumb-rating position="footer"> </devsite-thumb-rating> <devsite-recommendations id="recommendations-link" yield></devsite-recommendations> <div class="devsite-floating-action-buttons"> </div> </article> <devsite-content-footer class="nocontent"> <p>Content and code samples on this page are subject to the licenses described in the <a href="/license">Content License</a>. Java and OpenJDK are trademarks or registered trademarks of Oracle and/or its affiliates.</p> <p>Last updated 2024-06-27 UTC.</p> </devsite-content-footer> <devsite-notification > </devsite-notification> <div class="devsite-content-data"> <template class="devsite-content-data-template"> [[["Easy to understand","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Solved my problem","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Other","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Missing the information I need","missingTheInformationINeed","thumb-down"],["Too complicated / too many steps","tooComplicatedTooManySteps","thumb-down"],["Out of date","outOfDate","thumb-down"],["Samples / code issue","samplesCodeIssue","thumb-down"],["Other","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Last updated 2024-06-27 UTC."],[],[]] </template> </div> </devsite-content> </main> <devsite-footer-promos class="devsite-footer"> <nav class="devsite-footer-promos nocontent" aria-label="Promotions"> <ul class="devsite-footer-promos-list"> <li class="devsite-footer-promo"> <a href="//x.com/AndroidDev" class="devsite-footer-promo-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer X Promo" > <picture> <source class="devsite-dark-theme" srcset="https://developer.android.com/_static/android/images/logo-x_dt.svg" media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" loading="lazy" alt="X"> <img class="devsite-footer-promo-icon" src="/_static/android/images/logo-x.svg" loading="lazy" alt="X"> </picture> <span class="devsite-footer-promo-label"> X </span> </a> <div class="devsite-footer-promo-description">Follow @AndroidDev on X</div> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-promo"> <a href="//www.youtube.com/user/androiddevelopers" class="devsite-footer-promo-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer YouTube Promo" > <picture> <source class="devsite-dark-theme" srcset="https://developer.android.com/_static/android/images/logo-youtube_dt.svg" media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" loading="lazy" alt="YouTube"> <img class="devsite-footer-promo-icon" src="//www.gstatic.com/images/icons/material/product/2x/youtube_48dp.png" loading="lazy" alt="YouTube"> </picture> <span class="devsite-footer-promo-label"> YouTube </span> </a> <div class="devsite-footer-promo-description">Check out Android Developers on YouTube</div> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-promo"> <a href="//www.linkedin.com/showcase/androiddev" class="devsite-footer-promo-title gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer LinkedIn Promo" > <picture> <source class="devsite-dark-theme" srcset="https://developer.android.com/_static/android/images/logo-linkedin_dt.svg" media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" loading="lazy" alt="LinkedIn"> <img class="devsite-footer-promo-icon" src="/_static/android/images/logo-linkedin.svg" loading="lazy" alt="LinkedIn"> </picture> <span class="devsite-footer-promo-label"> LinkedIn </span> </a> <div class="devsite-footer-promo-description">Connect with the Android Developers community on LinkedIn</div> </li> </ul> </nav> </devsite-footer-promos> <devsite-footer-linkboxes class="devsite-footer"> <nav class="devsite-footer-linkboxes nocontent" aria-label="Footer links"> <ul class="devsite-footer-linkboxes-list"> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox "> <h3 class="devsite-footer-linkbox-heading no-link">More Android</h3> <ul class="devsite-footer-linkbox-list"> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="//www.android.com" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 1)" > Android </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="//www.android.com/enterprise/" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 2)" > Android for Enterprise </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="//www.android.com/security-center/" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 3)" > Security </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="//source.android.com" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 4)" > Source </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="/news" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 5)" > News </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="//android-developers.googleblog.com/" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 6)" > Blog </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="/podcasts" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 7)" > Podcasts </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox "> <h3 class="devsite-footer-linkbox-heading no-link">Discover</h3> <ul class="devsite-footer-linkbox-list"> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="/games" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 1)" > Gaming </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="/ml" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 2)" > Machine Learning </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="/health-and-fitness" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 3)" > Health & Fitness </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="/media" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 4)" > Camera & Media </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="/privacy" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 5)" > Privacy </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="/training/connectivity/5g" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 6)" > 5G </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox "> <h3 class="devsite-footer-linkbox-heading no-link">Android Devices</h3> <ul class="devsite-footer-linkbox-list"> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="/large-screens" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 1)" > Large screens </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="/wear" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 2)" > Wear OS </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="/chrome-os" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 3)" > ChromeOS devices </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="/cars" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 4)" > Android for cars </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="/tv" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 5)" > Android TV </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox "> <h3 class="devsite-footer-linkbox-heading no-link">Releases</h3> <ul class="devsite-footer-linkbox-list"> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="/about/versions/15" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 1)" > Android 15 </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="/about/versions/14" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 2)" > Android 14 </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="/about/versions/13" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 3)" > Android 13 </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="/about/versions/12" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 4)" > Android 12 </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="/about/versions/11" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 5)" > Android 11 </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="/about/versions/10" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 6)" > Android 10 </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="/about/versions/pie" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 7)" > Pie </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox "> <h3 class="devsite-footer-linkbox-heading no-link">Documentation and Downloads</h3> <ul class="devsite-footer-linkbox-list"> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="/studio/intro" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 1)" > Android Studio guide </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="/guide" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 2)" > Developers guides </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="/reference" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 3)" > API reference </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="/studio" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 4)" > Download Studio </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="/ndk" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 5)" > Android NDK </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox "> <h3 class="devsite-footer-linkbox-heading no-link">Support</h3> <ul class="devsite-footer-linkbox-list"> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="//issuetracker.google.com/issues/new?component=190923&template=841312" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 1)" > Report platform bug </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="//issuetracker.google.com/issues/new?component=192697" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 2)" > Report documentation bug </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="//support.google.com/googleplay/android-developer" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 3)" > Google Play support </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-linkbox-item"> <a href="https://g.co/userresearch/androiddeveloperfooter" class="devsite-footer-linkbox-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Link (index 4)" > Join research studies </a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </nav> </devsite-footer-linkboxes> <devsite-footer-utility class="devsite-footer"> <div class="devsite-footer-utility nocontent"> <nav class="devsite-footer-sites" aria-label="Other Google Developers websites"> <a href="https://developers.google.com/" class="devsite-footer-sites-logo-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Google Developers Link"> <picture> <source srcset="https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625/android/images/lockup-google-for-developers-dark-theme.svg" media="(prefers-color-scheme: none)" class="devsite-dark-theme" loading="lazy" alt="Google Developers"> <img class="devsite-footer-sites-logo" src="https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625/android/images/lockup-google-for-developers.svg" loading="lazy" alt="Google Developers"> </picture> </a> <ul class="devsite-footer-sites-list"> <li class="devsite-footer-sites-item"> <a href="//developer.android.com" class="devsite-footer-sites-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Android Link" > Android </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-sites-item"> <a href="//developer.chrome.com/home" class="devsite-footer-sites-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Chrome Link" > Chrome </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-sites-item"> <a href="//firebase.google.com" class="devsite-footer-sites-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Firebase Link" > Firebase </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-sites-item"> <a href="//cloud.google.com" class="devsite-footer-sites-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Google Cloud Platform Link" > Google Cloud Platform </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-sites-item"> <a href="//developers.google.com/products/" class="devsite-footer-sites-link gc-analytics-event" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer All products Link" > All products </a> </li> </ul> </nav> <nav class="devsite-footer-utility-links" aria-label="Utility links"> <ul class="devsite-footer-utility-list"> <li class="devsite-footer-utility-item "> <a class="devsite-footer-utility-link gc-analytics-event" href="//policies.google.com/privacy" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Privacy link" > Privacy </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-utility-item "> <a class="devsite-footer-utility-link gc-analytics-event" href="/license" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer License link" > License </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-utility-item "> <a class="devsite-footer-utility-link gc-analytics-event" href="/distribute/marketing-tools/brand-guidelines" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Brand guidelines link" > Brand guidelines </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-utility-item glue-cookie-notification-bar-control"> <a class="devsite-footer-utility-link gc-analytics-event" href="#" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Manage cookies link" aria-hidden="true" > Manage cookies </a> </li> <li class="devsite-footer-utility-item devsite-footer-utility-button"> <span class="devsite-footer-utility-description">Get news and tips by email</span> <a class="devsite-footer-utility-link gc-analytics-event" href="/updates" data-category="Site-Wide Custom Events" data-label="Footer Subscribe link" > Subscribe </a> </li> </ul> <devsite-language-selector> <ul role="presentation"> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="en" >English</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="de" >Deutsch</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="es_419" >Español – América Latina</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="fr" >Français</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="id" >Indonesia</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="it" >Italiano</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="pl" >Polski</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="pt_br" >Português – Brasil</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="vi" >Tiếng Việt</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="tr" >Türkçe</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="ru" >Русский</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="he" >עברית</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="ar" >العربيّة</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="fa" >فارسی</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="hi" >हिंदी</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="bn" >বাংলা</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="th" >ภาษาไทย</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="zh_cn" >中文 – 简体</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="zh_tw" >中文 – 繁體</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="ja" >日本語</a> </li> <li role="presentation"> <a role="menuitem" lang="ko" >한국어</a> </li> </ul> </devsite-language-selector> </nav> </div> </devsite-footer-utility> <devsite-panel></devsite-panel> </section></section> <devsite-sitemask></devsite-sitemask> <devsite-snackbar></devsite-snackbar> <devsite-tooltip ></devsite-tooltip> <devsite-heading-link></devsite-heading-link> <devsite-analytics> <script type="application/json" analytics>[]</script> <script type="application/json" tag-management>{"at": "True", "ga4": [{"id": "G-QFRN08RN6E", "purpose": 0}], "ga4p": [{"id": "G-QFRN08RN6E", "purpose": 0}], "gtm": [{"id": "GTM-KMSWPCJ", "purpose": 0}], "parameters": {"internalUser": "False", "language": {"machineTranslated": "False", "requested": "en", "served": "en"}, "pageType": "article", "projectName": "Mobile", "signedIn": "False", "tenant": "android", "recommendations": {"sourcePage": "", "sourceType": 0, "sourceRank": 0, "sourceIdenticalDescriptions": 0, "sourceTitleWords": 0, "sourceDescriptionWords": 0, "experiment": ""}, "experiment": {"ids": ""}}}</script> </devsite-analytics> <devsite-badger></devsite-badger> <android-fully-clickable target=" .android-case-study .devsite-landing-row-item, .android-grouped-resources .devsite-landing-row-item, .android-grouped-resources-primary .devsite-landing-row-item, .android-grouped-resources-secondary .devsite-landing-row-item, .android-guide-cards .devsite-landing-row-item, .android-illustrated-resources-index .devsite-landing-row-item, .android-illustrated-resources-primary .devsite-landing-row-item, .android-illustrated-resources-secondary .devsite-landing-row-item, .android-illustrated-resources-secondary-small .devsite-landing-row-item, .android-illustrated-resources-tertiary .devsite-landing-row-item, .android-illustrated-resources-tertiary-small .devsite-landing-row-item, .android-promo .devsite-landing-row-item, .android-quick-link, .android-samples .devsite-card-wrapper, .fully-clickable" watch=".android-samples, devsite-content"></android-fully-clickable> <script nonce="B7/kLTaSt/HSUmeGFQd6+tQgEeE6xc"> (function(d,e,v,s,i,t,E){d['GoogleDevelopersObject']=i; t=e.createElement(v);t.async=1;t.src=s;E=e.getElementsByTagName(v)[0]; E.parentNode.insertBefore(t,E);})(window, document, 'script', 'https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625/android/js/app_loader.js', '[3,"en",null,"/js/devsite_app_module.js","https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625","https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625/android","https://android-dot-devsite-v2-prod.appspot.com",null,null,["/_pwa/android/manifest.json","https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625/images/video-placeholder.svg","https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625/android/images/favicon.svg","https://www.gstatic.com/devrel-devsite/prod/v870e399c64f7c43c99a3043db4b3a74327bb93d0914e84a0c3dba90bbfd67625/android/images/lockup.svg","https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Google+Sans:400,500,600,700|Google+Sans+Text:400,400italic,500,500italic,600,600italic,700,700italic|Roboto+Mono:400,500,700&display=swap"],1,null,[1,6,8,12,14,17,21,25,50,52,63,70,75,76,80,87,91,92,93,97,98,100,101,102,103,104,105,107,108,109,110,112,113,116,117,118,120,122,124,125,126,127,129,130,131,132,133,134,135,136,138,140,141,147,148,149,151,152,156,157,158,159,161,163,164,168,169,170,179,180,182,183,186,191,193,196],"AIzaSyAP-jjEJBzmIyKR4F-3XITp8yM9T1gEEI8","AIzaSyB6xiKGDR5O3Ak2okS4rLkauxGUG7XP0hg","developer.android.com","AIzaSyAQk0fBONSGUqCNznf6Krs82Ap1-NV6J4o","AIzaSyCCxcqdrZ_7QMeLCRY20bh_SXdAYqy70KY",null,null,null,["Analytics__enable_clearcut_logging","Profiles__require_profile_eligibility_for_signin","MiscFeatureFlags__developers_footer_dark_image","TpcFeatures__enable_required_headers","Search__enable_page_map","Cloud__enable_cloud_shell_fte_user_flow","Cloud__enable_cloud_dlp_service","Search__enable_ai_search_summaries","Profiles__enable_developer_profiles_callout","Significatio__enable_by_tenant","TpcFeatures__enable_mirror_tenant_redirects","Profiles__enable_dashboard_curated_recommendations","Profiles__enable_complete_playlist_endpoint","Cloud__enable_free_trial_server_call","Cloud__enable_cloudx_ping","Cloud__enable_llm_concierge_chat","Cloud__enable_legacy_calculator_redirect","Profiles__enable_recognition_badges","Profiles__enable_awarding_url","Profiles__enable_profile_collections","MiscFeatureFlags__enable_project_variables","MiscFeatureFlags__developers_footer_image","Cloud__enable_cloud_shell","MiscFeatureFlags__emergency_css","Search__enable_ai_eligibility_checks","CloudShell__cloud_code_overflow_menu","EngEduTelemetry__enable_engedu_telemetry","Profiles__enable_release_notes_notifications","Cloud__enable_cloudx_experiment_ids","Cloud__enable_cloud_facet_chat","MiscFeatureFlags__enable_dark_theme","Search__enable_dynamic_content_confidential_banner","Search__enable_suggestions_from_borg","MiscFeatureFlags__enable_view_transitions","Concierge__enable_pushui","Profiles__enable_completecodelab_endpoint","MiscFeatureFlags__enable_firebase_utm","CloudShell__cloud_shell_button","Profiles__enable_page_saving","DevPro__enable_cloud_innovators_plus","DevPro__enable_developer_subscriptions","Profiles__enable_public_developer_profiles","MiscFeatureFlags__enable_variable_operator","BookNav__enable_tenant_cache_key","MiscFeatureFlags__enable_explain_this_code","Experiments__reqs_query_experiments"],null,null,"AIzaSyBLEMok-5suZ67qRPzx0qUtbnLmyT_kCVE","https://developerscontentserving-pa.googleapis.com","AIzaSyCM4QpTRSqP5qI4Dvjt4OAScIN8sOUlO-k","https://developerscontentsearch-pa.googleapis.com",2,4,null,"https://developerprofiles-pa.googleapis.com",[3,"android","Android Developers","developer.android.com",null,"android-dot-devsite-v2-prod.appspot.com",null,null,[null,1,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,[1],null,null,null,null,null,null,[1],[1,null,null,[1,20],"/recommendations"],null,null,null,[1,null,1],[1,1,null,1,1]],null,[18,null,null,null,null,null,"/images/lockup.svg","/images/touchicon-180.png",null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,1,null,null,null,"/images/lockup-dark-theme.svg",[]],[],null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,[6,1,14,15,20,22,23,28,29,37,43],null,[[null,null,1],[1,1]],[[null,null,null,null,null,null,null,[["G-QFRN08RN6E"],null,null,[["G-QFRN08RN6E",1]]],null,null,null,null,1],null,[[1,1],[2,2]]],null,4,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,null,"android.devsite.google"],null,"pk_live_5170syrHvgGVmSx9sBrnWtA5luvk9BwnVcvIi7HizpwauFG96WedXsuXh790rtij9AmGllqPtMLfhe2RSwD6Pn38V00uBCydV4m"]') </script> <devsite-a11y-announce></devsite-a11y-announce> </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

Notifications | Mobile | Android Developers