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Available in 149 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-149" aria-hidden="true" > 149 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541_%E1%8A%A5.%E1%8A%A4.%E1%8A%A0." title="1541 እ.ኤ.አ. – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="1541 እ.ኤ.አ." data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target">Anarâškielâ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Abkhazian" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhazian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Аԥсшәа</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B5%DB%B4%DB%B1_(%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C)" title="۱۵۴۱ (میلادی) – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="۱۵۴۱ (میلادی)" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">تۆرکجه</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AB%E0%A7%AA%E0%A7%A7" title="১৫৪১ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="১৫৪১" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541_n%C3%AE" title="1541 nî – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="1541 nî" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Banyumasan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Boarisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541." title="1541. – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="1541." data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">الدارجة</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target">Davvisámegiella</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Emiliàn e rumagnòl</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B5%DB%B4%DB%B1_(%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C)" title="۱۵۴۱ (میلادی) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="۱۵۴۱ (میلادی)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541%E5%B9%B4" title="1541年 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="1541年" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target">贛語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541%EB%85%84" title="1541년 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="1541년" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AB%E0%A5%AA%E0%A5%A7" title="१५४१ – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="१५४१" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541." title="1541. – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="1541." data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ilokano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A7%A7%E0%A7%AB%E0%A7%AA%E0%A7%A7" title="মারি ১৫৪১ – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="মারি ১৫৪১" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target">বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541-%C3%A6%D0%BC_%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="1541-æм аз – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="1541-æм аз" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541_%D0%B4%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="1541 джыл – Karachay-Balkar" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="1541 джыл" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="Karachay-Balkar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Къарачай-малкъар</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541_%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB" title="1541 жыл – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="1541 жыл" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kotava</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541_(almanak_jilyen)" title="1541 (almanak jilyen) – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="1541 (almanak jilyen)" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kriyòl gwiyannen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541_%D0%B8" title="1541 и – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="1541 и" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кырык мары</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541._gads" title="1541. gads – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="1541. gads" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541_m." title="1541 m. – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="1541 m." data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ligure</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingua Franca Nova</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Livvinkarjala</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AB%E0%A5%AA%E0%A5%A7" title="१५४१ – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="१५४१" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target">मैथिली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target">Malagasy</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target">Māori</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87.%E0%A4%B8._%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AB%E0%A5%AA%E0%A5%A7" title="इ.स. १५४१ – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इ.स. १५४१" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">მარგალური</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%B1%DB%B5%DB%B4%DB%B1" title="۱۵۴۱ – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="۱۵۴۱" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target">Minangkabau</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541_ni%C3%A8ng" title="1541 nièng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="1541 nièng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target">Мокшень</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%81%81%E1%81%85%E1%81%84%E1%81%81" title="၁၅၄၁ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="၁၅၄၁" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nāhuatl</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D_%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AB%E0%A5%AA%E0%A5%A7" title="सन् १५४१ – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="सन् १५४१" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541%E5%B9%B4" title="1541年 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="1541年" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Napulitano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541_%D1%88%D0%BE" title="1541 шо – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="1541 шо" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nouormand</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target">Олык марий</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AD%A7%E0%AD%AB%E0%AD%AA%E0%AD%A7" title="୧୫୪୧ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="୧୫୪୧" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target">ଓଡ଼ିଆ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AB%E0%A5%AA%E0%A5%A7" title="१५४१ – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="१५४१" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target">पालि</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qırımtatarca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русиньскый</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="1541 год – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="1541 год" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%A7%E0%A5%AB%E0%A5%AA%E0%A5%A7" title="१५४१ – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="१५४१" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target">संस्कृतम्</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Northern Sotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Northern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sesotho sa Leboa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541%D8%B9" title="1541ع – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="1541ع" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target">سنڌي</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%A1%D9%A5%D9%A4%D9%A1" title="١٥٤١ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="١٥٤١" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sunda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541_%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="1541 ел – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="1541 ел" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target">ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E.%E0%B8%A8._2084" title="พ.ศ. 2084 – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พ.ศ. 2084" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8_1541" title="Соли 1541 – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Соли 1541" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkmençe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541%D8%A1" title="1541ء – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="1541ء" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vèneto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target">Walon</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target">West-Vlams</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541%E5%B9%B4" title="1541年 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="1541年" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541" title="1541 – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="1541" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/1541%E5%B9%B4" title="1541年 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="1541年" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li 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year 1541. For the disk drive, see <a href="/wiki/Commodore_1541" title="Commodore 1541">Commodore 1541</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Calendar year</div> <table class="infobox" style="text-align: center;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_decades,_centuries,_and_millennia" title="List of decades, centuries, and millennia">Millennium</a>: </th> <td><a href="/wiki/2nd_millennium" title="2nd millennium">2nd millennium</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_decades,_centuries,_and_millennia" title="List of decades, centuries, and millennia">Centuries</a>: </th> <td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/15th_century" title="15th century">15th century</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/16th_century" title="16th century">16th century</a> </li> <li><a href="/wiki/17th_century" title="17th century">17th century</a></li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_decades,_centuries,_and_millennia" title="List of decades, centuries, and millennia">Decades</a>: </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1520s" title="1520s">1520s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1530s" title="1530s">1530s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1540s" title="1540s">1540s</a> </li> <li><a href="/wiki/1550s" title="1550s">1550s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1560s" title="1560s">1560s</a></li></ul> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_years" title="List of years">Years</a>: </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AD_1538" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1538">1538</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1539" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1539">1539</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1540" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1540">1540</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1541" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1541">1541</a> </li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1542" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1542">1542</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1543" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1543">1543</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AD_1544" class="mw-redirect" title="AD 1544">1544</a></li></ul> </div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Discovery_of_the_Mississippi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Discovery_of_the_Mississippi.jpg/250px-Discovery_of_the_Mississippi.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Discovery_of_the_Mississippi.jpg/375px-Discovery_of_the_Mississippi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Discovery_of_the_Mississippi.jpg/500px-Discovery_of_the_Mississippi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="1948" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/May_8" title="May 8">May 8</a>: <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Empire" title="Spanish Empire">Spanish</a> explorer <a href="/wiki/Hernando_de_Soto" title="Hernando de Soto">Hernando de Soto</a> reaches the <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_River" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi River</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:La_bataille_d%27Alger_Huile_sur_toile.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/La_bataille_d%27Alger_Huile_sur_toile.jpg/250px-La_bataille_d%27Alger_Huile_sur_toile.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/La_bataille_d%27Alger_Huile_sur_toile.jpg/375px-La_bataille_d%27Alger_Huile_sur_toile.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/La_bataille_d%27Alger_Huile_sur_toile.jpg/500px-La_bataille_d%27Alger_Huile_sur_toile.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2880" data-file-height="1842" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/October_24" title="October 24">October 24</a>: Heavy storms disperse a Spanish, German and Italian invading force and save the Emirate of Algiers</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 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3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/Category:1541" title="Category:1541">1541 by topic</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Arts and science</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1540s_in_architecture" title="1540s in architecture">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1541_in_art" title="1541 in art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1541_in_literature" title="1541 in literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1541_in_music" class="mw-redirect" title="1541 in music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1541_in_science" title="1541 in science">Science</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Leaders</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_sovereign_states_in_1541&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of sovereign states in 1541 (page does not exist)">Political entities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_state_leaders_in_1541" class="mw-redirect" title="List of state leaders in 1541">State leaders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_dependent_territories_in_the_16th_century" title="List of governors of dependent territories in the 16th century">Colonial governors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_16th-century_religious_leaders" title="List of 16th-century religious leaders">Religious leaders</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Birth and death categories</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <a href="/wiki/Category:1541_births" title="Category:1541 births">Births</a> – <a href="/wiki/Category:1541_deaths" title="Category:1541 deaths">Deaths</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Establishments and disestablishments categories</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <a href="/wiki/Category:1541_establishments" title="Category:1541 establishments">Establishments</a> – <a href="/wiki/Category:1541_disestablishments" title="Category:1541 disestablishments">Disestablishments</a></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> Works category</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1541_works" title="Category:1541 works">Works</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:C11%E2%80%9317_year_in_topic" title="Template:C11–17 year in topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:C11%E2%80%9317_year_in_topic" title="Template talk:C11–17 year in topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:C11%E2%80%9317_year_in_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:C11–17 year in topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="infobox vevent" style="width:22em"><caption style="font-size:125%">1541 in various <a href="/wiki/Calendar_era" title="Calendar era">calendars</a></caption><tbody><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Gregorian_calendar" title="Gregorian calendar">Gregorian calendar</a></td><td>1541 MDXLI</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Ab_urbe_condita" title="Ab urbe condita">Ab urbe condita</a></td><td>2294</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Armenian_calendar" title="Armenian calendar">Armenian calendar</a></td><td>990 ԹՎ ՋՂ</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_calendar" title="Assyrian calendar">Assyrian calendar</a></td><td>6291</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Balinese_saka_calendar" title="Balinese saka calendar">Balinese saka calendar</a></td><td>1462–1463</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Bengali_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali calendar">Bengali calendar</a></td><td>948</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Berber_calendar" title="Berber calendar">Berber calendar</a></td><td>2491</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Regnal_years_of_English_and_British_monarchs" title="Regnal years of English and British monarchs">English Regnal year</a></td><td>32 <a href="/wiki/Henry_VIII_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry VIII of England">Hen. 8</a> – 33 <a href="/wiki/Henry_VIII_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry VIII of England">Hen. 8</a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_calendar" title="Buddhist calendar">Buddhist calendar</a></td><td>2085</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Burmese_calendar" title="Burmese calendar">Burmese calendar</a></td><td>903</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_calendar" title="Byzantine calendar">Byzantine calendar</a></td><td>7049–7050</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Chinese_calendar" title="Chinese calendar">Chinese calendar</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Sexagenary_cycle" title="Sexagenary cycle">庚子</a>年 (Metal <a href="/wiki/Rat_(zodiac)" title="Rat (zodiac)">Rat</a>) 4238 or 4031     — to — 辛丑年 (Metal <a href="/wiki/Ox_(zodiac)" title="Ox (zodiac)">Ox</a>) 4239 or 4032</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Coptic_calendar" title="Coptic calendar">Coptic calendar</a></td><td>1257–1258</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Discordian_calendar" title="Discordian calendar">Discordian calendar</a></td><td>2707</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_calendar" title="Ethiopian calendar">Ethiopian calendar</a></td><td>1533–1534</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_calendar" title="Hebrew calendar">Hebrew calendar</a></td><td>5301–5302</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Hindu_calendar" title="Hindu calendar">Hindu calendars</a></td><td></td></tr><tr><td> - <a href="/wiki/Vikram_Samvat" title="Vikram Samvat">Vikram Samvat</a></td><td>1597–1598</td></tr><tr><td> - <a href="/wiki/Indian_national_calendar" title="Indian national calendar">Shaka Samvat</a></td><td>1462–1463</td></tr><tr><td> - <a href="/wiki/Kali_Yuga" title="Kali Yuga">Kali Yuga</a></td><td>4641–4642</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Holocene_calendar" title="Holocene calendar">Holocene calendar</a></td><td>11541</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Igbo_calendar" title="Igbo calendar">Igbo calendar</a></td><td>541–542</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Iranian_calendars" title="Iranian calendars">Iranian calendar</a></td><td>919–920</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">Islamic calendar</a></td><td>947–948</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Japanese_calendar" title="Japanese calendar">Japanese calendar</a></td><td><a href="/wiki/Tenbun" title="Tenbun">Tenbun</a> 10 (天文１０年)</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Javanese_calendar" title="Javanese calendar">Javanese calendar</a></td><td>1459–1460</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian calendar</a></td><td>1541 MDXLI</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Korean_calendar" title="Korean calendar">Korean calendar</a></td><td>3874</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Minguo_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Minguo calendar">Minguo calendar</a></td><td>371 before <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%931949)" title="Republic of China (1912–1949)">ROC</a> 民前371年</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Nanakshahi_calendar" title="Nanakshahi calendar">Nanakshahi calendar</a></td><td>73</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Thai_solar_calendar" title="Thai solar calendar">Thai solar calendar</a></td><td>2083–2084</td></tr><tr><td><a href="/wiki/Tibetan_calendar" title="Tibetan calendar">Tibetan calendar</a></td><td>阳金鼠年 (male Iron-<a href="/wiki/Rat_(zodiac)" title="Rat (zodiac)">Rat</a>) 1667 or 1286 or 514     — to — 阴金牛年 (female Iron-<a href="/wiki/Ox_(zodiac)" title="Ox (zodiac)">Ox</a>) 1668 or 1287 or 515</td></tr></tbody></table> Year 1541 (<a href="/wiki/Roman_numerals" title="Roman numerals">MDXLI</a>) was a <a href="/wiki/Common_year_starting_on_Saturday" title="Common year starting on Saturday">common year starting on Saturday</a> (link will display the full calendar) of the <a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian calendar</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Events">Events</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=1541&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Events">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="January–March">January–March</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=1541&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: January–March">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_4" title="January 4">January 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/Leonardo_Cattaneo_della_Volta" title="Leonardo Cattaneo della Volta">Leonardo Cattaneo della Volta</a> is elected to a two-year term as the new <a href="/wiki/Doge_of_Genoa" title="Doge of Genoa">Doge</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Genoa" title="Republic of Genoa">Republic of Genoa</a>, succeeding <a href="/wiki/Giannandrea_Giustiniani_Longo" title="Giannandrea Giustiniani Longo">Giannandrea Giustiniani Longo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February" title="February">February </a> –</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_8" title="February 8">February 8</a> – (13th day of 1st month of <a href="/wiki/Tenbun" title="Tenbun">Tenbun</a> 10) In Japan, the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Koriyama" title="Siege of Koriyama">Siege of Koriyama</a>, started by <a href="/wiki/Amago_Haruhisa" title="Amago Haruhisa">Amago Haruhisa</a> of the 30,000 strong <a href="/wiki/Amago_clan" title="Amago clan">Amago clan</a> the previous September in an attack against the <a href="/wiki/M%C5%8Dri_clan" title="Mōri clan">Mōri clan</a> led by <a href="/wiki/M%C5%8Dri_Motonari" title="Mōri Motonari">Mōri Motonari</a> and the <a href="/wiki/%C5%8Cuchi_clan" title="Ōuchi clan">Ōuchi clan</a>, ends with a defeat of the attackers. The Amago clan sustains heavy losses, including the death of Amago Hisayuki.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_12" title="February 12">February 12</a> – <a href="/wiki/Pedro_de_Valdivia" title="Pedro de Valdivia">Pedro de Valdivia</a> founds <a href="/wiki/Santiago" title="Santiago">Santiago del Nuevo Extremo</a>, which will become the capital of <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a>.<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_19" title="February 19">February 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/Petru_Rare%C8%99" title="Petru Rareș">Petru Rareș</a> becomes the <a href="/wiki/List_of_monarchs_of_Moldavia" title="List of monarchs of Moldavia">Prince of Moldavia</a> for a second time, overthrowing the Voivode <a href="/wiki/Alexandru_Cornea" title="Alexandru Cornea">Alexandru Cornea</a> at <a href="/wiki/Suceava" title="Suceava">Suceava</a> (now in Romania) at the direction of the Ottoman Sultan Suleiman. <a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_8" title="March 8">March 8</a> – At the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Suakin_(1541)" title="Battle of Suakin (1541)">Battle of Suakin</a>, fought at an Ottoman port city on the <a href="/wiki/Red_Sea" title="Red Sea">Red Sea</a> in what is now <a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a>, Portuguese General <a href="/wiki/Est%C3%AAv%C3%A3o_da_Gama_(16th_century)" title="Estêvão da Gama (16th century)">Estêvão da Gama</a> and his brother <a href="/wiki/Crist%C3%B3v%C3%A3o_da_Gama" title="Cristóvão da Gama">Cristóvão da Gama</a> lead an attack against the Ottoman ruler and plunder the city.<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_12" title="March 12">March 12</a> – The Portuguese Empire's fortress at <a href="/wiki/Agadir" title="Agadir">Agadir</a> falls to the Moroccan general <a href="/wiki/Mohammed_al-Shaykh" title="Mohammed al-Shaykh">Mohammed al-Shaykh</a> after a siege of 24 days.<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_28" title="March 28">March 28</a> – In what is now the capital of <a href="/wiki/Ecuador" title="Ecuador">Ecuador</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quito" title="Quito">San Francisco de Quito</a> is declared a city by the decree of <a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">King Charles I of Spain</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Viceroyalty_of_Peru" title="Viceroyalty of Peru">Viceroyalty of Peru</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="April–June">April–June</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=1541&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: April–June">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/April_7" title="April 7">April 7</a> – <a href="/wiki/Francis_Xavier" title="Francis Xavier">Francis Xavier</a> leaves <a href="/wiki/Lisbon" title="Lisbon">Lisbon</a>, on a mission to the <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Empire" title="Portuguese Empire">Portuguese</a> <a href="/wiki/East_Indies" title="East Indies">East Indies</a>.<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_24" title="April 24">April 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sahart" title="Battle of Sahart">Battle of Sahart</a>: <a href="/wiki/Gelawdewos" title="Gelawdewos">Gelawdewos</a> is defeated by the forces of <a href="/wiki/Imam" title="Imam">Imam</a> <a href="/wiki/Ahmad_ibn_Ibrahim_al-Ghazi" title="Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi">Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi</a>.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_8" title="May 8">May 8</a> – <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Empire" title="Spanish Empire">Spanish</a> explorer <a href="/wiki/Hernando_de_Soto" title="Hernando de Soto">Hernando de Soto</a> reaches the <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_River" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi River</a>, naming it the <a href="/wiki/Rio_de_Espiritu_Santo" class="mw-redirect" title="Rio de Espiritu Santo">Rio de Espiritu Santo</a> ("River of the Holy Spirit").<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_23" title="May 23">May 23</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Cartier" title="Jacques Cartier">Jacques Cartier</a> departs from <a href="/wiki/Saint-Malo" title="Saint-Malo">Saint-Malo</a>, France on his third voyage.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_13" title="June 13">June 13</a> – The <a href="/wiki/List_of_parliaments_of_Ireland" title="List of parliaments of Ireland">Parliament of Ireland</a> is opened by King Henry VIII for a session that will last for two years.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_16" title="June 16">June 16</a> – <a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eehzade_Mustafa" title="Şehzade Mustafa">Şehzade Mustafa</a>, the son of the Ottoman Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent, is appointed as the new Ottoman Governor of the <a href="/wiki/Amasya" title="Amasya">Amasya</a> region of Turkey.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_26" title="June 26">June 26</a> – At <a href="/wiki/Lima" title="Lima">Lima</a>, <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Pizarro" title="Francisco Pizarro">Francisco Pizarro</a>, the Spanish conqueror of the Inca Empire of Peru and <a href="/wiki/List_of_viceroys_of_Peru" title="List of viceroys of Peru">Governor of Nueva Castilla</a> since 1529, is assassinated by 20 heavily-armed supporters of <a href="/wiki/Diego_de_Almagro_II" title="Diego de Almagro II">Diego de Almagro II</a> in retaliation for the 1538 execution of <a href="/wiki/Diego_de_Almagro" title="Diego de Almagro">Diego de Almagro</a>.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="July–September">July–September</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=1541&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: July–September">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/July_7" title="July 7">July 7</a> &ndash (Tenbun 10, 14th day of the 6th month) <a href="/wiki/Takeda_Shingen" title="Takeda Shingen">Takeda Shingen</a> becomes head of Japan's powerful <a href="/wiki/Takeda_clan" title="Takeda clan">Takeda clan</a> of <a href="/wiki/Samurai" title="Samurai">samurais</a> that rules the <a href="/wiki/Kai_Province" title="Kai Province">Kai Province</a>, overthrowing and banishing his father, <a href="/wiki/Takeda_Nobutora" title="Takeda Nobutora">Takeda Nobutora</a>.<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> Nobutora is exiled to <a href="/wiki/Suruga_Province" title="Suruga Province">Suruga Province</a> for the next 32 years.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_9" title="July 9">July 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/Est%C3%AAv%C3%A3o_da_Gama_(16th_century)" title="Estêvão da Gama (16th century)">Estêvão da Gama</a> departs <a href="/wiki/Massawa" title="Massawa">Massawa</a>, leaving behind 400 <a href="/wiki/Matchlock" title="Matchlock">matchlock</a> men and 150 slaves under his brother <a href="/wiki/Crist%C3%B3v%C3%A3o_da_Gama" title="Cristóvão da Gama">Cristóvão da Gama</a>, with orders to assist the <a href="/wiki/Emperor_of_Ethiopia" title="Emperor of Ethiopia">Emperor of Ethiopia</a> to defeat <a href="/wiki/Ahmad_ibn_Ibrahim_al-Ghazi" title="Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi">Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi</a>, who had invaded his <a href="/wiki/Empire" title="Empire">Empire</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_21" title="August 21">August 21</a> – The <a href="/wiki/Janissaries" class="mw-redirect" title="Janissaries">Janissaries</a> of <a href="/wiki/Suleiman_the_Magnificent" title="Suleiman the Magnificent">Suleiman the Magnificent</a> <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Buda_(1541)" title="Siege of Buda (1541)">besiege Buda</a>, wounding <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_von_Roggendorf" title="Wilhelm von Roggendorf">Wilhelm von Roggendorf</a>, who dies from his wounds on the way to <a href="/wiki/Kom%C3%A1rno" title="Komárno">Komárno</a> a few days later.<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_9" title="September 9">September 9</a>–<a href="/wiki/September_11" title="September 11">11</a> – Spanish noblewoman <a href="/wiki/Beatriz_de_la_Cueva" title="Beatriz de la Cueva">Beatriz de la Cueva</a> serves as governor of the colony of Guatemala, before she is killed in a mudslide from <a href="/wiki/Volc%C3%A1n_de_Agua" title="Volcán de Agua">Volcán de Agua</a>, which ruins the capital city, <a href="/wiki/Ciudad_Vieja" title="Ciudad Vieja">Ciudad Vieja</a>.<a href="#cite_note-cueva-14">[14]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_13" title="September 13">September 13</a> – After three years of exile, <a href="/wiki/John_Calvin" title="John Calvin">John Calvin</a> returns to <a href="/wiki/Geneva" title="Geneva">Geneva</a> to reform the church under a body of doctrine that comes to be known as <a href="/wiki/Calvinism" class="mw-redirect" title="Calvinism">Calvinism</a>.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_28" title="September 28">September 28</a> – <a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">King Charles of Spain</a> begins the disastrous against the <a href="/wiki/Regency_of_Algiers" title="Regency of Algiers">Regency of Algiers</a> as he assembles a fleet of 500 ships, with 24,000 soldiers, at the Spanish island of <a href="/wiki/Mallorca" title="Mallorca">Majorca</a> and prepares to cross the Mediterranean with the fleets of allied nations led by the Admiral <a href="/wiki/Andrea_Doria" title="Andrea Doria">Andrea Doria</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Genoa" title="Republic of Genoa">Republic of Genoa</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Ward-17">[17]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="October–December">October–December</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=1541&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: October–December">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/October_7" title="October 7">October 7</a> – Through royal decree, the city of <a href="/wiki/Arequipa" title="Arequipa">Arequipa</a> is granted its <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms" title="Coat of arms">coat of arms</a>.<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_24" title="October 24">October 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Algiers_expedition_(1541)" title="Algiers expedition (1541)">Algiers Expedition</a>: One day after thousands of Spanish, German and Italian soldiers arrived on the North African coast and proceeded to surround the city of <a href="/wiki/Algiers" title="Algiers">Algiers</a>, heavy storms begin and the Algerian defenders surround King Charles and the other commanders. Fifteen European ships are wrecked onshore, and 33 others sink. Over the next 30 days, the Europeans are forced to retreat.<a href="#cite_note-Garnier-19">[19]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_1" title="November 1">November 1</a> – King <a href="/wiki/Henry_VIII" title="Henry VIII">Henry VIII</a> of England is first informed of that the Queen consort, <a href="/wiki/Catherine_Howard" title="Catherine Howard">Catherine Howard</a>, has been having an affair with <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Culpeper" title="Thomas Culpeper">Thomas Culpeper</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Weir-20">[20]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_19" title="November 19">November 19</a> – (1st waxing of Tazaungmon 903 ME) King <a href="/wiki/Tabinshwehti" title="Tabinshwehti">Tabinshwehti</a> of <a href="/wiki/Burma" class="mw-redirect" title="Burma">Burma</a>, having concluded the Buddhist Lent, leads the attack on the <a href="/wiki/Pyay" title="Pyay">Kingdom of Prome</a> with 17,000 troops and 1,400 boats.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_23" title="November 23">November 23</a> – <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Howard" title="Catherine Howard">Catherine Howard</a>, the Queen consort of England, is arrested after 16 days of questioning by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Cranmer" title="Thomas Cranmer">Thomas Cranmer</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Canterbury" title="Archbishop of Canterbury">Archbishop of Canterbury</a>, reveals that she had also been conducting an adulterous affair with <a href="/wiki/Francis_Dereham" title="Francis Dereham">Francis Dereham</a> while married to King Henry VIII. She is imprisoned at <a href="/wiki/Syon_Abbey" title="Syon Abbey">Syon Abbey</a> in <a href="/wiki/Middlesex" title="Middlesex">Middlesex</a> near London.<a href="#cite_note-Weir-20">[20]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor">Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor</a>, who also serves as King Carlos I of Spain, is finally able to depart from Algiers and abandons his army.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_3" title="December 3">December 3</a> – The Holy Roman Emperor Charles V is finally able to return to Spain, arriving at <a href="/wiki/Cartagena,_Spain" title="Cartagena, Spain">Cartagena</a><a href="#cite_note-Garnier-19">[19]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_10" title="December 10">December 10</a> – <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Culpeper" title="Thomas Culpeper">Thomas Culpeper</a> and <a href="/wiki/Francis_Dereham" title="Francis Dereham">Francis Dereham</a> are both executed at <a href="/wiki/Tyburn" title="Tyburn">Tyburn</a> after being convicted of treason in committing adultery with Queen Catherine. Culpeper is beheaded, while Dereham is hanged, drawn and quartered. As a warning to the public, the severed heads of both men are placed on spikes on the London Bridge.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Date_unknown">Date unknown</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=1541&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Date unknown">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Sultan" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman Sultan">Ottoman Sultan</a> <a href="/wiki/Suleiman_the_Magnificent" title="Suleiman the Magnificent">Suleiman the Magnificent</a> seals off <a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate_(Jerusalem)" title="Golden Gate (Jerusalem)">The Golden Gate</a> in <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a>,<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> likely because of a prophecy that that the <a href="/wiki/Messiah" title="Messiah">Messiah</a> would return through this gate to Jerusalem.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland">Iceland</a> adopts the <a href="/wiki/Lutheran" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutheran">Lutheran</a> faith.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerardus_Mercator" title="Gerardus Mercator">Gerardus Mercator</a> makes his first <a href="/wiki/Globe" title="Globe">globe</a>.<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a></li> <li>The first official translation of the entire <a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Bible</a> into Swedish is made, and is called the <a href="/wiki/Gustav_Vasa_Bible" title="Gustav Vasa Bible">Gustav Vasa Bible</a>.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Calvin" title="John Calvin">John Calvin</a> translates his <a href="/wiki/Institutes_of_the_Christian_Religion" title="Institutes of the Christian Religion">Institutio Christianae religionis</a> into French, as L'Institution chrétienne.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elia_Levita" title="Elia Levita">Elia Levita</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Chivalric_romance" title="Chivalric romance">chivalric romance</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Bovo-Bukh" title="Bovo-Bukh">Bovo-Bukh</a>, is first printed, the earliest published secular work in <a href="/wiki/Yiddish" title="Yiddish">Yiddish</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Births">Births</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=1541&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Births">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_24" title="January 24">January 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Magdalena_Moons" title="Magdalena Moons">Magdalena Moons</a>, Dutch woman associated with the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Leiden" title="Siege of Leiden">1574 Siege of Leiden</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1613" title="1613">1613</a>)<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_26" title="January 26">January 26</a> – <a href="/wiki/Florent_Chrestien" title="Florent Chrestien">Florent Chrestien</a>, French writer (d. <a href="/wiki/1596" title="1596">1596</a>)<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_21" title="February 21">February 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/Philipp_V,_Count_of_Hanau-Lichtenberg" title="Philipp V, Count of Hanau-Lichtenberg">Philipp V, Count of Hanau-Lichtenberg</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1599" title="1599">1599</a>)<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_25" title="March 25">March 25</a> – <a href="/wiki/Francesco_I_de%27_Medici,_Grand_Duke_of_Tuscany" class="mw-redirect" title="Francesco I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany">Francesco I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1587" title="1587">1587</a>)<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_8" title="April 8">April 8</a> – <a href="/wiki/Michele_Mercati" title="Michele Mercati">Michele Mercati</a>, Italian physician and gardener (d. <a href="/wiki/1593" title="1593">1593</a>)<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_12" title="April 12">April 12</a> – <a href="/wiki/Ipatii_Potii" class="mw-redirect" title="Ipatii Potii">Ipatii Potii</a>, Metropolitan of Kiev (d. <a href="/wiki/1613" title="1613">1613</a>)<a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_7" title="September 7">September 7</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Groto" title="Luigi Groto">Luigi Groto</a>, Italian lutenist and poet (d. <a href="/wiki/1588" title="1588">1588</a>)<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hernando_de_Cabez%C3%B3n" title="Hernando de Cabezón">Hernando de Cabezón</a>, Spanish musician (d. <a href="/wiki/1602" title="1602">1602</a>)<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_5" title="September 5">September 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/Roberto_de%27_Nobili_(1541%E2%80%931559)" title="Roberto de' Nobili (1541–1559)">Roberto de' Nobili</a>, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. <a href="/wiki/1559" title="1559">1559</a><a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_21" title="September 21">September 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/Anna_of_Nassau-Dillenburg_(1541%E2%80%931616)" title="Anna of Nassau-Dillenburg (1541–1616)">Anna of Nassau-Dillenburg</a>, Countess consort of Nassau-Weilburg (d. <a href="/wiki/1616" title="1616">1616</a>)<a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_9" title="November 9">November 9</a> – <a href="/wiki/Menso_Alting" title="Menso Alting">Menso Alting</a>, Dutch preacher and reformer (d. <a href="/wiki/1612" title="1612">1612</a>)<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_25" title="November 25">November 25</a> – <a href="/wiki/Michele_Bonelli" title="Michele Bonelli">Michele Bonelli</a>, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. <a href="/wiki/1598" title="1598">1598</a>)<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_12" title="February 12">February 12</a> – <a href="/wiki/Johann_Bauhin" title="Johann Bauhin">Johann Bauhin</a>, Swiss botanist (d. <a href="/wiki/1613" title="1613">1613</a>)<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a></li> <li>date unknown <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Charron" title="Pierre Charron">Pierre Charron</a>, French philosopher (d. <a href="/wiki/1603" title="1603">1603</a>)<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Greco" title="El Greco">El Greco</a>, or Domênikos Theotokópoulos (Greek: Δομήνικος Θεοτοκόπουλος), <a href="/wiki/Crete" title="Crete">Cretian</a> painter, sculptor and architect (d. <a href="/wiki/1614" title="1614">1614</a>)<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatano_Hideharu" title="Hatano Hideharu">Hatano Hideharu</a>, Japanese samurai (d. <a href="/wiki/1579" title="1579">1579</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mizuno_Tadashige" title="Mizuno Tadashige">Mizuno Tadashige</a>, Japanese nobleman (d. <a href="/wiki/1600" title="1600">1600</a>)<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources"><span title="The material near this tag may rely on an unreliable source. The author Kazuhiko KAWAMURA (川村一彦) has published many ebooks through copy-paste plagiarism from the Japanese Wikipedia. Please see ja:WP:CFW#川村一彦の著作物 (PermaLink). (February 2024)">unreliable source?</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gu%C3%B0brandur_%C3%9Eorl%C3%A1ksson" title="Guðbrandur Þorláksson">Guðbrandur Þorláksson</a>, Icelandic mathematician (d. <a href="/wiki/1627" title="1627">1627</a>)<a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hattori_Hanz%C5%8D" title="Hattori Hanzō">Hattori Hanzō</a>, Japanese ninja who served under <a href="/wiki/Tokugawa_Ieyasu" title="Tokugawa Ieyasu">Tokugawa Ieyasu</a> (d. <a href="/wiki/1596" title="1596">1596</a>)<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Deaths">Deaths</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=1541&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Deaths">edit</a>]</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Portrait_of_Francisco_Pizarro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Portrait_of_Francisco_Pizarro.jpg/110px-Portrait_of_Francisco_Pizarro.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Portrait_of_Francisco_Pizarro.jpg/165px-Portrait_of_Francisco_Pizarro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Portrait_of_Francisco_Pizarro.jpg/220px-Portrait_of_Francisco_Pizarro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2900" data-file-height="3731" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Pizarro" title="Francisco Pizarro">Francisco Pizarro</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pedro_de_Alvarado_(Tom%C3%A1s_Povedano).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Pedro_de_Alvarado_%28Tom%C3%A1s_Povedano%29.jpg/110px-Pedro_de_Alvarado_%28Tom%C3%A1s_Povedano%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Pedro_de_Alvarado_%28Tom%C3%A1s_Povedano%29.jpg/165px-Pedro_de_Alvarado_%28Tom%C3%A1s_Povedano%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Pedro_de_Alvarado_%28Tom%C3%A1s_Povedano%29.jpg/220px-Pedro_de_Alvarado_%28Tom%C3%A1s_Povedano%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2302" data-file-height="3211" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Pedro_de_Alvarado" title="Pedro de Alvarado">Pedro de Alvarado</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lucas_Cranach_d._%C3%84._042.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Lucas_Cranach_d._%C3%84._042.jpg/110px-Lucas_Cranach_d._%C3%84._042.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Lucas_Cranach_d._%C3%84._042.jpg/165px-Lucas_Cranach_d._%C3%84._042.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Lucas_Cranach_d._%C3%84._042.jpg/220px-Lucas_Cranach_d._%C3%84._042.jpg 2x" data-file-width="776" data-file-height="1763" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Henry_IV,_Duke_of_Saxony" title="Henry IV, Duke of Saxony">Henry IV, Duke of Saxony</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_2" title="January 2">January 2</a> – <a href="/wiki/Wang_Gen" title="Wang Gen">Wang Gen</a>, Chinese philosopher (b. <a href="/wiki/1483" title="1483">1483</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_5" title="January 5">January 5</a> – <a href="/wiki/Philip_of_the_Palatinate" title="Philip of the Palatinate">Philip of the Palatinate</a>, Bishop of Freising and Naumburg (b. <a href="/wiki/1480" title="1480">1480</a>)<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a></li> <li>April – <a href="/wiki/Jerzy_Radziwi%C5%82%C5%82" title="Jerzy Radziwiłł">Jerzy Radziwiłł</a>, Polish nobleman (b. <a href="/wiki/1480" title="1480">1480</a>)<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_21" title="April 21">April 21</a> – <a href="/wiki/James,_Duke_of_Rothesay_(born_1540)" title="James, Duke of Rothesay (born 1540)">James, Duke of Rothesay</a>, Scottish prince (b. <a href="/wiki/1540" title="1540">1540</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_24" title="April 24">April 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Celio_Calcagnini" title="Celio Calcagnini">Celio Calcagnini</a>, Italian astronomer (b. <a href="/wiki/1479" title="1479">1479</a>)<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_29" title="April 29">April 29</a> – <a href="/wiki/Johann_Gramann" title="Johann Gramann">Johann Gramann</a>, German theologian (b. <a href="/wiki/1487" title="1487">1487</a>)<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_27" title="May 27">May 27</a> – <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Pole,_8th_Countess_of_Salisbury" class="mw-redirect" title="Margaret Pole, 8th Countess of Salisbury">Margaret Pole, 8th Countess of Salisbury</a> (executed) (b. <a href="/wiki/1473" title="1473">1473</a>)<a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_26" title="June 26">June 26</a> – <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Pizarro" title="Francisco Pizarro">Francisco Pizarro</a>, Spanish conquistador (b. c. <a href="/wiki/1475" title="1475">1475</a>)<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_4" title="July 4">July 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/Pedro_de_Alvarado" title="Pedro de Alvarado">Pedro de Alvarado</a>, Spanish conquistador (b. <a href="/wiki/1495" title="1495">1495</a>)<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a></li> <li>August – <a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Vald%C3%A9s" title="Juan de Valdés">Juan de Valdés</a>, Spanish religious writer (b. <a href="/wiki/1500" title="1500">1500</a>)<a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_1" title="August 1">August 1</a> – <a href="/wiki/Simon_Grynaeus" title="Simon Grynaeus">Simon Grynaeus</a>, German scholar and theologian (b. <a href="/wiki/1493" title="1493">1493</a>)<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_18" title="August 18">August 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Henry_IV,_Duke_of_Saxony" title="Henry IV, Duke of Saxony">Henry IV, Duke of Saxony</a> (1539–1541) (b. <a href="/wiki/1473" title="1473">1473</a>)<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_19" title="August 19">August 19</a> – <a href="/wiki/Vincenzo_Cappello" title="Vincenzo Cappello">Vincenzo Cappello</a>, Venetian admiral and statesman (b. <a href="/wiki/1469" title="1469">1469</a>)<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_24" title="September 24">September 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Paracelsus" title="Paracelsus">Paracelsus</a>, Swiss alchemist and physician (b. <a href="/wiki/1493" title="1493">1493</a>)<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September" title="September">September</a> – <a href="/wiki/Beatriz_de_la_Cueva" title="Beatriz de la Cueva">Beatriz de la Cueva</a>, Governor of Guatemala (b. <a href="/wiki/1510" title="1510">1510</a>)<a href="#cite_note-cueva-14">[14]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_18" title="October 18">October 18</a> – <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Tudor" title="Margaret Tudor">Margaret Tudor</a>, queen of <a href="/wiki/James_IV_of_Scotland" title="James IV of Scotland">James IV of Scotland</a> (b. <a href="/wiki/1489" title="1489">1489</a>)<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_4" title="November 4">November 4</a> – <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Fabricius_Capito" class="mw-redirect" title="Wolfgang Fabricius Capito">Wolfgang Fabricius Capito</a>, German reformer (b. <a href="/wiki/1478" title="1478">1478</a>)<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_30" title="November 30">November 30</a> – <a href="/wiki/Amago_Tsunehisa" title="Amago Tsunehisa">Amago Tsunehisa</a>, Japanese warlord (b. <a href="/wiki/1458" title="1458">1458</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_10" title="December 10">December 10</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Culpeper" title="Thomas Culpeper">Thomas Culpeper</a>, English courtier, lover of <a href="/wiki/Catherine_Howard" title="Catherine Howard">Catherine Howard</a> (b. c. <a href="/wiki/1514" title="1514">1514</a>)<a href="#cite_note-howard-62">[62]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Dereham" title="Francis Dereham">Francis Dereham</a>, English lover of Catherine Howard (executed)<a href="#cite_note-howard-62">[62]</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_24" title="December 24">December 24</a> – <a href="/wiki/Andreas_Karlstadt" title="Andreas Karlstadt">Andreas Karlstadt</a>, Christian theologian and reformer (b. <a href="/wiki/1486" title="1486">1486</a>)<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a></li> <li>date unknown <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Clouet" title="Jean Clouet">Jean Clouet</a>, French miniature painter (b. <a href="/wiki/1480" title="1480">1480</a>)<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margareta_von_Melen" title="Margareta von Melen">Margareta von Melen</a>, Swedish noblewoman (b. <a href="/wiki/1489" title="1489">1489</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCl_Baba" title="Gül Baba">Gül Baba</a>, Ottoman dervish poet<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Guidiccioni" title="Giovanni Guidiccioni">Giovanni Guidiccioni</a>, Italian poet (b. <a href="/wiki/1480" title="1480">1480</a>)<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gazi_Husrev-beg" class="mw-redirect" title="Gazi Husrev-beg">Gazi Husrev-beg</a>, Ottoman statesmen (b. <a href="/wiki/1480" title="1480">1480</a>)<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=1541&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFFigueroa1999" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Figueroa, Gonzalo Piwonka (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CyqWILXMW2kC&dq=Pedro+de+Valdivia+Santiago+del+Nuevo+Extremo+%2212+de+febrero+de+1541%22&pg=PA29">Las aguas de Santiago de Chile, 1541-1999: Los primeros doscientos años, 1541-1741</a> (in Spanish). Editorial Universitaria. p. 29. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-956-244-102-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-956-244-102-5"><bdi>978-956-244-102-5</bdi></a>. Retrieved September 13, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Las+aguas+de+Santiago+de+Chile%2C+1541-1999%3A+Los+primeros+doscientos+a%C3%B1os%2C+1541-1741&rft.pages=29&rft.pub=Editorial+Universitaria&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-956-244-102-5&rft.aulast=Figueroa&rft.aufirst=Gonzalo+Piwonka&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCyqWILXMW2kC%26dq%3DPedro%2Bde%2BValdivia%2BSantiago%2Bdel%2BNuevo%2BExtremo%2B%252212%2Bde%2Bfebrero%2Bde%2B1541%2522%26pg%3DPA29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=aoogAQAAMAAJ&dq=Pedro+de+Valdivia+Santiago+del+Nuevo+Extremo+%2212+de+febrero+de+1541%22+capital&pg=PA34">Revista de la Universidad Nacional de Cordoba</a> (in Spanish). Dirección General de Publicaciones, Universidad Nacional de Cordoba. 1922. p. 34. Retrieved September 13, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Revista+de+la+Universidad+Nacional+de+Cordoba&rft.pages=34&rft.pub=Direcci%C3%B3n+General+de+Publicaciones%2C+Universidad+Nacional+de+Cordoba&rft.date=1922&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DaoogAQAAMAAJ%26dq%3DPedro%2Bde%2BValdivia%2BSantiago%2Bdel%2BNuevo%2BExtremo%2B%252212%2Bde%2Bfebrero%2Bde%2B1541%2522%2Bcapital%26pg%3DPA34&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFConstantinescu1978" class="citation book cs1">Constantinescu, Radu (1978). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xrFBAAAAYAAJ">Moldova și Transilvania în vremea lui Petru Rareș: Relații politice și militare [Moldova and Transylvania in the time of Petru Rareș: Political and military relations] (1527-1546)</a>. Bucharest: Direcția Generală a Arhivelor Statului.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Moldova+%C8%99i+Transilvania+%C3%AEn+vremea+lui+Petru+Rare%C8%99%3A+Rela%C8%9Bii+politice+%C8%99i+militare+%5BMoldova+and+Transylvania+in+the+time+of+Petru+Rare%C8%99%3A+Political+and+military+relations%5D+%281527-1546%29&rft.place=Bucharest&rft.pub=Direc%C8%9Bia+General%C4%83+a+Arhivelor+Statului&rft.date=1978&rft.aulast=Constantinescu&rft.aufirst=Radu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxrFBAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJ._F._E._Bloss1936" class="citation journal cs1">J. F. E. Bloss (1936). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sudanmemory.org/image/SNR-0000563/23/">"The Story Of Suakin"</a>. Sudan Notes and Records. 19 (2). University of Khartoum: 271–300. Retrieved January 13, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sudan+Notes+and+Records&rft.atitle=The+Story+Of+Suakin&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=271-300&rft.date=1936&rft.au=J.+F.+E.+Bloss&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sudanmemory.org%2Fimage%2FSNR-0000563%2F23%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTourneau1960" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Tourneau, Roger le (1960). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://referenceworks.brill.com/search?q=Agadir-Ighir&source=%2Fdb%2Feieo">"Agadir-Ighir"</a>. In <a href="/wiki/H._A._R._Gibb" title="H. A. R. Gibb">Gibb, H. A. R.</a>; <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Hendrik_Kramers" title="Johannes Hendrik Kramers">Kramers, J. H.</a>; <a href="/wiki/%C3%89variste_L%C3%A9vi-Proven%C3%A7al" title="Évariste Lévi-Provençal">Lévi-Provençal, E.</a>; <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Schacht" title="Joseph Schacht">Schacht, J.</a>; <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Lewis" title="Bernard Lewis">Lewis, B.</a> & <a href="/wiki/Charles_Pellat" title="Charles Pellat">Pellat, Ch.</a> (eds.). <a href="/wiki/The_Encyclopaedia_of_Islam#2nd_edition,_EI2" class="mw-redirect" title="The Encyclopaedia of Islam">The Encyclopaedia of Islam, Second Edition</a>. Volume I: A–B. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 244–245. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/495469456">495469456</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Agadir-Ighir&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopaedia+of+Islam%2C+Second+Edition.+Volume+I%3A+A%E2%80%93B&rft.place=Leiden&rft.pages=244-245&rft.pub=E.+J.+Brill&rft.date=1960&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F495469456&rft.aulast=Tourneau&rft.aufirst=Roger+le&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Freferenceworks.brill.com%2Fsearch%3Fq%3DAgadir-Ighir%26source%3D%252Fdb%252Feieo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBedouelle2003" class="citation book cs1">Bedouelle, Guy (April 10, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0GF1AhFIUCgC&dq=francis+xavier+lisbon+east+indies+%227+april+1541%22&pg=PA173">The History of the Church</a>. A&C Black. p. 173. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8264-1481-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8264-1481-6"><bdi>978-0-8264-1481-6</bdi></a>. 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Jesuit Historical Institute. p. 512. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-88-7041-594-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-88-7041-594-0"><bdi>978-88-7041-594-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Francis+Xavier%3B+His+Life%2C+His+Times%3A+India%2C+1541-1544&rft.pages=512&rft.pub=Jesuit+Historical+Institute&rft.date=1982&rft.isbn=978-88-7041-594-0&rft.au=Georg+Schurhammer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLyrGyDSTUa0C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Neal2012" class="citation book cs1">O'Neal, Claire (September 30, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=B9iXBgAAQBAJ&q=1541&pg=PA5">The Mississippi River</a>. Mitchell Lane Publishers, Inc. p. 15. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-61228-369-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-61228-369-2"><bdi>978-1-61228-369-2</bdi></a>. 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Retrieved September 14, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Official+and+Statistical+Register+of+the+State+of+Mississippi&rft.pages=330&rft.pub=Mississippi.+Dept.+of+Archives+and+History&rft.date=1951&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DdZwKAQAAMAAJ%26q%3DHernando%2Bde%2BSoto%2B%2BR%25C3%25ADo%2Bdel%2BEsp%25C3%25ADritu%2BSanto%2B%2522may%2B8%2B1541%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEmeryUchupi2012" class="citation book cs1">Emery, Kenneth O.; Uchupi, Elazar (December 6, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TXHjBwAAQBAJ&dq=%2223+may+1541%22+Jacques+Cartier+Saint-Malo+third&pg=PA15">The Geology of the Atlantic Ocean</a>. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 15. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4612-5278-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4612-5278-8"><bdi>978-1-4612-5278-8</bdi></a>. 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Oxford University Press. p. 59. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-515685-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-515685-0"><bdi>978-0-19-515685-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Colonial+Latin+America&rft.pages=59&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-19-515685-0&rft.aulast=Burkholder&rft.aufirst=Mark+A.&rft.au=Johnson%2C+Lyman+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMSLn_-1MvhAC%26pg%3DPA59&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTurnbull1998" class="citation book cs1">Turnbull, Stephen (1998). The Samurai Sourcebook. Cassell & Co. pp. 208–209. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1854095234" title="Special:BookSources/1854095234"><bdi>1854095234</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Samurai+Sourcebook&rft.pages=208-209&rft.pub=Cassell+%26+Co.&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=1854095234&rft.aulast=Turnbull&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web-archive-org.translate.goog/web/20160105212401/http://budapestcity.org/02-tortenet/1541-buda-ostroma/index-hu.htm?_x_tr_sch=http&_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=en&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp">"Buda ostroma, 1541"</a>. budapestcity.org. January 5, 2016. Retrieved September 14, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=budapestcity.org&rft.atitle=Buda+ostroma%2C+1541.&rft.date=2016-01-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb-archive-org.translate.goog%2Fweb%2F20160105212401%2Fhttp%3A%2F%2Fbudapestcity.org%2F02-tortenet%2F1541-buda-ostroma%2Findex-hu.htm%3F_x_tr_sch%3Dhttp%26_x_tr_sl%3Dauto%26_x_tr_tl%3Den%26_x_tr_hl%3Den%26_x_tr_pto%3Dwapp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-cueva-14">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cueva_14-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-cueva_14-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/notablelatinamer00adam/page/40/mode/2up?q=%22september+11%22">Notable Latin American women</a>. McFarland & Co. 1995. pp. 41–43. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-0022-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7864-0022-5"><bdi>978-0-7864-0022-5</bdi></a>. Retrieved September 14, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Notable+Latin+American+women&rft.pages=41-43&rft.pub=McFarland+%26+Co.&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-0-7864-0022-5&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fnotablelatinamer00adam%2Fpage%2F40%2Fmode%2F2up%3Fq%3D%2522september%2B11%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJedinDolan1980" class="citation book cs1">Jedin, Hubert; Dolan, John Patrick (1980). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jJHYAAAAMAAJ&dq=reform+john+calvin+geneva+%2213+september+1541%22&pg=PA373">History of the Church: Reformation and Counter Reformation</a>. Burns & Oates. p. 373. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-86012-085-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-86012-085-8"><bdi>978-0-86012-085-8</bdi></a>. Retrieved September 14, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+the+Church%3A+Reformation+and+Counter+Reformation&rft.pages=373&rft.pub=Burns+%26+Oates&rft.date=1980&rft.isbn=978-0-86012-085-8&rft.aulast=Jedin&rft.aufirst=Hubert&rft.au=Dolan%2C+John+Patrick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjJHYAAAAMAAJ%26dq%3Dreform%2Bjohn%2Bcalvin%2Bgeneva%2B%252213%2Bseptember%2B1541%2522%26pg%3DPA373&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParker1975" class="citation book cs1">Parker, Thomas Henry Louis (1975). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/johncalvinbiogra00park/page/80/mode/2up?q=%2213+september%22">John Calvin : a biography</a>. Philadelphia: Westminster Press. p. 80. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-664-20810-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-664-20810-3"><bdi>978-0-664-20810-3</bdi></a>. Retrieved September 14, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=John+Calvin+%3A+a+biography&rft.place=Philadelphia&rft.pages=80&rft.pub=Westminster+Press&rft.date=1975&rft.isbn=978-0-664-20810-3&rft.aulast=Parker&rft.aufirst=Thomas+Henry+Louis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fjohncalvinbiogra00park%2Fpage%2F80%2Fmode%2F2up%3Fq%3D%252213%2Bseptember%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ward-17"><a href="#cite_ref-Ward_17-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWard1904" class="citation book cs1">Ward, A.W. (1904). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=iIV0vyHpQBsC&dq=expedition+algiers+charles+v+%22november+1541%22&pg=PA76">The Cambridge Modern History</a>. New York: The MacMillan Company. p. 76. Retrieved September 14, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+Modern+History&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=76&rft.pub=The+MacMillan+Company&rft.date=1904&rft.aulast=Ward&rft.aufirst=A.W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DiIV0vyHpQBsC%26dq%3Dexpedition%2Balgiers%2Bcharles%2Bv%2B%2522november%2B1541%2522%26pg%3DPA76&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLockey1914" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Lockey, Joseph (1914). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=X6Q0zWQ26iUC&dq=decreto+escudo+de+armas+de+Arequipa+%227+de+octubre+de+1541%22&pg=RA5-PA31">Folletos peruanos</a> (in Spanish). Lima: Calle de Lampa. p. 31. Retrieved September 14, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Folletos+peruanos&rft.place=Lima&rft.pages=31&rft.pub=Calle+de+Lampa&rft.date=1914&rft.aulast=Lockey&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DX6Q0zWQ26iUC%26dq%3Ddecreto%2Bescudo%2Bde%2Barmas%2Bde%2BArequipa%2B%25227%2Bde%2Boctubre%2Bde%2B1541%2522%26pg%3DRA5-PA31&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Garnier-19">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Garnier_19-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Garnier_19-1">b</a> Edith Garnier, L'Alliance Impie (Editions du Felin, 2008) pp.202-206 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-86645-678-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-86645-678-8">978-2-86645-678-8</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Weir-20">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Weir_20-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Weir_20-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeir2001" class="citation book cs1">Weir, Alison (2001). Henry VIII: King and Court. London: Jonathan Cape. p. 453.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Henry+VIII%3A+King+and+Court&rft.place=London&rft.pages=453&rft.pub=Jonathan+Cape&rft.date=2001&rft.aulast=Weir&rft.aufirst=Alison&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoyal_Historical_Commission_of_Burma2003" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Royal_Historical_Commission_of_Burma" title="Royal Historical Commission of Burma">Royal Historical Commission of Burma</a> (2003) [1832]. <a href="/wiki/Hmannan_Yazawin" title="Hmannan Yazawin">Hmannan Yazawin</a> (in Burmese). Vol. 2. Yangon: Ministry of Information, Myanmar. p. 180.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hmannan+Yazawin&rft.place=Yangon&rft.pages=180&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Information%2C+Myanmar&rft.date=2003&rft.au=Royal+Historical+Commission+of+Burma&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCrowley2013" class="citation book cs1">Crowley, Roger (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2sSNPz6Bm0wC">Empires of the Sea: The Final Battle for the Mediterranean, 1521-1580</a>. Faber & Faber. p. 73. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-571-29819-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-571-29819-8"><bdi>978-0-571-29819-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Empires+of+the+Sea%3A+The+Final+Battle+for+the+Mediterranean%2C+1521-1580&rft.pages=73&rft.pub=Faber+%26+Faber&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0-571-29819-8&rft.aulast=Crowley&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2sSNPz6Bm0wC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> Lacey Baldwin Smith, A Tudor Tragedy (Pantheon Books, 1961) </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPrice2021" class="citation book cs1">Price, Randall (August 3, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cmA7EAAAQBAJ&dq=The+Golden+Gate+suleiman+%221541%22&pg=PT235">Rose Guide to the Temple</a>. Rose Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59636-564-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59636-564-3"><bdi>978-1-59636-564-3</bdi></a>. Retrieved September 14, 2023. <q>But the present gate owes its form due to Ottoman Sultan Suleiman who sealed it in 1541.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rose+Guide+to+the+Temple&rft.pub=Rose+Publishing&rft.date=2021-08-03&rft.isbn=978-1-59636-564-3&rft.aulast=Price&rft.aufirst=Randall&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DcmA7EAAAQBAJ%26dq%3DThe%2BGolden%2BGate%2Bsuleiman%2B%25221541%2522%26pg%3DPT235&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHinnant2021" class="citation book cs1">Hinnant, Greg (August 10, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Dbw8EAAAQBAJ&dq=The+Golden+Gate+suleiman+%221541%22&pg=PT135">The Day of The Lord Commentary: Interpreting Old Testament End-Times Prophecy</a>. Gatekeeper Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-6629-1503-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-6629-1503-1"><bdi>978-1-6629-1503-1</bdi></a>. Retrieved September 14, 2023. <q>The Eastern (or Golden) Gate was sealed in 1541 by the Ottoman Sultan Suleiman after being informed it was prophesied that through this gate the Jewish Messiah would return to Israel.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Day+of+The+Lord+Commentary%3A+Interpreting+Old+Testament+End-Times+Prophecy&rft.pub=Gatekeeper+Press&rft.date=2021-08-10&rft.isbn=978-1-6629-1503-1&rft.aulast=Hinnant&rft.aufirst=Greg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDbw8EAAAQBAJ%26dq%3DThe%2BGolden%2BGate%2Bsuleiman%2B%25221541%2522%26pg%3DPT135&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKristjánsdóttir2022" class="citation book cs1">Kristjánsdóttir, Steinunn (December 30, 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5imgEAAAQBAJ&dq=iceland+lutheran+%221541%22&pg=PT13">Monastic Iceland</a>. Taylor & Francis. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-000-83015-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-000-83015-6"><bdi>978-1-000-83015-6</bdi></a>. Retrieved September 14, 2023. <q>In Iceland, the Reformation occurred in Skalholt diocese in 1541, when the Lutheran Church ordinance of King Christian III was passed by the country's general assembly, Alþingi.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Monastic+Iceland&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2022-12-30&rft.isbn=978-1-000-83015-6&rft.aulast=Kristj%C3%A1nsd%C3%B3ttir&rft.aufirst=Steinunn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D5imgEAAAQBAJ%26dq%3Diceland%2Blutheran%2B%25221541%2522%26pg%3DPT13&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCotter1977" class="citation journal cs1">Cotter, Charles H. (1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://journals.lib.unb.ca/index.php/ihr/article/view/23708">"The Development of the Mariner's Chart"</a>. The International Hydrographic Review. LIV (1): 127. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0020-6946">0020-6946</a>. Retrieved September 14, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+International+Hydrographic+Review&rft.atitle=The+Development+of+the+Mariner%27s+Chart&rft.volume=LIV&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=127&rft.date=1977&rft.issn=0020-6946&rft.aulast=Cotter&rft.aufirst=Charles+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjournals.lib.unb.ca%2Findex.php%2Fihr%2Farticle%2Fview%2F23708&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1PxRAQAAMAAJ&q=%22f%C3%B6rst%22%201541">Biblis: tidskrift för bokhistoria, bibliografi, bokhantverk, samlande</a> (in Swedish). Kungl. Biblioteket. 1999. p. 47. 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Co. p. IX. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8028-0774-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8028-0774-8"><bdi>978-0-8028-0774-8</bdi></a>. Retrieved September 15, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Institutes+of+the+Christian+religion+%3A+1541+French+edition&rft.place=Grand+Rapids&rft.pages=IX&rft.pub=William+B.+Eerdmans+Pub.+Co.&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-8028-0774-8&rft.aulast=Calvin&rft.aufirst=Jean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Finstitutesofchri0000calv_g3p3%2Fpage%2Fn9%2Fmode%2F2up%3Fq%3D1541&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://resources.huygens.knaw.nl/vrouwenlexicon/lemmata/data/moons">"Moons, Magdalena (1541-1613)"</a>. Huygens Instituut (in Dutch). 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Hanau History Association. p. 46. Retrieved September 15, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Die+M%C3%BCnzen+der+Grafen+von+Hanau&rft.pages=46&rft.pub=Hanau+History+Association&rft.date=1897&rft.aulast=Suchier&rft.aufirst=Reinhard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAWBCAAAAYAAJ%26dq%3DPhilipp%2BV%2Bhanau%2B%252221%2Bfebruar%2B1541%2522%26pg%3DPA46&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/francesco-i-de-medici-granduca-di-toscana_(Dizionario-Biografico)/">"FRANCESCO I de' Medici"</a>. www.treccani.it (in Italian). 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Evangelische Verlagsanstalt. p. 72. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-374-05436-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-374-05436-7"><bdi>978-3-374-05436-7</bdi></a>. 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Retrieved September 16, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.deutsche-biographie.de&rft.atitle=Bauhin%2C+Jean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.deutsche-biographie.de%2Fgnd100027385.html%23ndbcontent&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCharron1697" class="citation book cs1">Charron, Pierre (1697). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/wisdomthreebook01stangoog/page/n47/mode/2up?q=1541">Of wisdom : three books</a>. London: Printed for M. Gillyflower, M. Bently, H. Bornwick, J. Tonson, W. Freeman, T. Goodwin, M. Wotton, J. Waltboe, S. Manship, and R. Parker. p. 1. 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Methuen. p. 8.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=El+Greco+%281541-1614%29&rft.pages=8&rft.pub=Methuen&rft.date=1930&rft.au=Frank+Rutter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9czqAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xcb4DwAAQBAJ&dq=%E6%B0%B4%E9%87%8E%E5%BF%A0%E9%87%8D%E3%80%8C1541%E3%80%8D&pg=PA61">水野氏一族の群像</a> (in Japanese). 歴史研究会. p. 61. Retrieved September 16, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E6%B0%B4%E9%87%8E%E6%B0%8F%E4%B8%80%E6%97%8F%E3%81%AE%E7%BE%A4%E5%83%8F&rft.pages=61&rft.pub=%E6%AD%B4%E5%8F%B2%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E4%BC%9A&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dxcb4DwAAQBAJ%26dq%3D%25E6%25B0%25B4%25E9%2587%258E%25E5%25BF%25A0%25E9%2587%258D%25E3%2580%258C1541%25E3%2580%258D%26pg%3DPA61&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources"><span title="The material near this tag may rely on an unreliable source. The author Kazuhiko KAWAMURA (川村一彦) has published many ebooks through copy-paste plagiarism from the Japanese Wikipedia. Please see ja:WP:CFW#川村一彦の著作物 (PermaLink). (February 2024)">unreliable source?</a>] </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBellingradtReynolds2021" class="citation book cs1">Bellingradt, Daniel; Reynolds, Anna (April 12, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rsAqEAAAQBAJ&dq=Gu%C3%B0brandur+%C3%9Eorl%C3%A1ksson+%221541%22&pg=PA304">The Paper Trade in Early Modern Europe: Practices, Materials, Networks</a>. BRILL. p. 304. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-42400-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-42400-5"><bdi>978-90-04-42400-5</bdi></a>. Retrieved September 16, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Paper+Trade+in+Early+Modern+Europe%3A+Practices%2C+Materials%2C+Networks&rft.pages=304&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=2021-04-12&rft.isbn=978-90-04-42400-5&rft.aulast=Bellingradt&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft.au=Reynolds%2C+Anna&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrsAqEAAAQBAJ%26dq%3DGu%25C3%25B0brandur%2B%25C3%259Eorl%25C3%25A1ksson%2B%25221541%2522%26pg%3DPA304&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTurnbull2008" class="citation book cs1">Turnbull, Stephen (February 20, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YOV7BAAAQBAJ&dq=Hattori+Hanz%C5%8D+%221541%22&pg=PA53">The Samurai Swordsman: Master of War</a>. Frontline Books. p. 53. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4738-1793-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4738-1793-7"><bdi>978-1-4738-1793-7</bdi></a>. Retrieved September 16, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Samurai+Swordsman%3A+Master+of+War&rft.pages=53&rft.pub=Frontline+Books&rft.date=2008-02-20&rft.isbn=978-1-4738-1793-7&rft.aulast=Turnbull&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYOV7BAAAQBAJ%26dq%3DHattori%2BHanz%25C5%258D%2B%25221541%2522%26pg%3DPA53&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHeimbucher1888" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Heimbucher, Max (1888). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3gMDKtb4dv8C&dq=Philipp+von+der+Pfalz+%225+januar+1541%22&pg=PA48">Kurze Geschichte Freisings und seiner Bischöfe</a> (in German). Fellerer. p. 48. Retrieved September 16, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kurze+Geschichte+Freisings+und+seiner+Bisch%C3%B6fe&rft.pages=48&rft.pub=Fellerer&rft.date=1888&rft.aulast=Heimbucher&rft.aufirst=Max&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3gMDKtb4dv8C%26dq%3DPhilipp%2Bvon%2Bder%2BPfalz%2B%25225%2Bjanuar%2B1541%2522%26pg%3DPA48&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBesala2009" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Besala, Jerzy (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jVxCFDj_XIIC&dq=Jerzy+Radziwi%C5%82%C5%82+Kwiecie%C5%84+1541&pg=PA112">Najsłynniejsze miłości królów polskich</a> (in Polish). Bellona. p. 112. Retrieved September 16, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Najs%C5%82ynniejsze+mi%C5%82o%C5%9Bci+kr%C3%B3l%C3%B3w+polskich&rft.pages=112&rft.pub=Bellona&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Besala&rft.aufirst=Jerzy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjVxCFDj_XIIC%26dq%3DJerzy%2BRadziwi%25C5%2582%25C5%2582%2BKwiecie%25C5%2584%2B1541%26pg%3DPA112&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0ohoAAAAMAAJ&q=%20%2224%20aprile%201541%22">Storia di Ferrara: Il Rinascimento. La letteratura</a> (in Italian). G. Corbo. 1994. p. 109. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-88-85668-18-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-88-85668-18-8"><bdi>978-88-85668-18-8</bdi></a>. Retrieved September 16, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Storia+di+Ferrara%3A+Il+Rinascimento.+La+letteratura&rft.pages=109&rft.pub=G.+Corbo&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-88-85668-18-8&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0ohoAAAAMAAJ%26q%3D%2520%252224%2520aprile%25201541%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWendehorst2015" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Wendehorst, Alfred (December 14, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=95ZsDwAAQBAJ&dq=Johann+Gramann+%2229+april+1541%22&pg=PA558">Die Bistümer der Kirchenprovinz Mainz: Das Bistum Würzburg 4: Das Stift Neumünster in Würzburg</a> (in German). Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. p. 558. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-11-087397-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-11-087397-9"><bdi>978-3-11-087397-9</bdi></a>. Retrieved September 16, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Die+Bist%C3%BCmer+der+Kirchenprovinz+Mainz%3A+Das+Bistum+W%C3%BCrzburg+4%3A+Das+Stift+Neum%C3%BCnster+in+W%C3%BCrzburg&rft.pages=558&rft.pub=Walter+de+Gruyter+GmbH+%26+Co+KG&rft.date=2015-12-14&rft.isbn=978-3-11-087397-9&rft.aulast=Wendehorst&rft.aufirst=Alfred&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D95ZsDwAAQBAJ%26dq%3DJohann%2BGramann%2B%252229%2Bapril%2B1541%2522%26pg%3DPA558&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PUIqAQAAMAAJ">Burke's Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Peerage, Baronetage, and Knightage, Privy Council, and Order of Preference</a>. Burke's Peerage Limited. 1963. p. 9.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Burke%27s+Genealogical+and+Heraldic+History+of+the+Peerage%2C+Baronetage%2C+and+Knightage%2C+Privy+Council%2C+and+Order+of+Preference&rft.pages=9&rft.pub=Burke%27s+Peerage+Limited&rft.date=1963&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPUIqAQAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPedro_de_Cieza_de_Leon1999" class="citation book cs1">Pedro de Cieza de Leon (February 11, 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kChCYPxJu7IC&pg=PA143">The Discovery and Conquest of Peru</a>. Duke University Press. p. 143. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8223-8250-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-8223-8250-4"><bdi>0-8223-8250-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Discovery+and+Conquest+of+Peru&rft.pages=143&rft.pub=Duke+University+Press&rft.date=1999-02-11&rft.isbn=0-8223-8250-4&rft.au=Pedro+de+Cieza+de+Leon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkChCYPxJu7IC%26pg%3DPA143&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGarcía_Añoveros1987" class="citation journal cs1">García Añoveros, Jesús María (1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=4008051">"Don Pedro de Alvarado: las fuentes históricas, documentación, crónicas y bibliografía existente"</a>. Mesoamérica. 8 (13): 243–282. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0252-9963">0252-9963</a>. Retrieved September 16, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mesoam%C3%A9rica&rft.atitle=Don+Pedro+de+Alvarado%3A+las+fuentes+hist%C3%B3ricas%2C+documentaci%C3%B3n%2C+cr%C3%B3nicas+y+bibliograf%C3%ADa+existente&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=13&rft.pages=243-282&rft.date=1987&rft.issn=0252-9963&rft.aulast=Garc%C3%ADa+A%C3%B1overos&rft.aufirst=Jes%C3%BAs+Mar%C3%ADa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdialnet.unirioja.es%2Fservlet%2Farticulo%3Fcodigo%3D4008051&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRicart1958" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ricart, Domingo (1958). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GZRUAAAAYAAJ&q=%22agosto%20de%201541%22">Juan de Valdés y el pensamiento religioso europeo en los siglos XVI y XVII</a> (in Spanish). El Colegio de México. p. 40. Retrieved September 16, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Juan+de+Vald%C3%A9s+y+el+pensamiento+religioso+europeo+en+los+siglos+XVI+y+XVII&rft.pages=40&rft.pub=El+Colegio+de+M%C3%A9xico&rft.date=1958&rft.aulast=Ricart&rft.aufirst=Domingo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGZRUAAAAYAAJ%26q%3D%2522agosto%2520de%25201541%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yNnQBgAAQBAJ&dq=Simon+Grynaeus+%221+august+1541%22&pg=PA147">Heidelberger Jahrbücher</a> (in German). Springer-Verlag. March 7, 2013. p. 147. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-642-74970-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-642-74970-4"><bdi>978-3-642-74970-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Heidelberger+Jahrb%C3%BCcher&rft.pages=147&rft.pub=Springer-Verlag&rft.date=2013-03-07&rft.isbn=978-3-642-74970-4&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyNnQBgAAQBAJ%26dq%3DSimon%2BGrynaeus%2B%25221%2Baugust%2B1541%2522%26pg%3DPA147&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIßleib1907" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ißleib, Simon (1907). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pocRAAAAYAAJ&dq=Heinrich+%2218+august+1541%22&pg=PA2">Moritz von Sachsen als evangelischer Fürst, 1541-1553</a> (in German). Barth. p. 2. Retrieved September 16, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Moritz+von+Sachsen+als+evangelischer+F%C3%BCrst%2C+1541-1553&rft.pages=2&rft.pub=Barth&rft.date=1907&rft.aulast=I%C3%9Fleib&rft.aufirst=Simon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpocRAAAAYAAJ%26dq%3DHeinrich%2B%252218%2Baugust%2B1541%2522%26pg%3DPA2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOlivieri1975" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Olivieri, Achille (1975). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/vincenzo-cappello_(Dizionario-Biografico)-(Dizionario-Biografico)/">"CAPPELLO, Vincenzo"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Dizionario_Biografico_degli_Italiani" title="Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani">Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani</a>, Volume 18: Canella–Cappello (in Italian). Rome: <a href="/wiki/Treccani" title="Treccani">Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8-81200032-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-8-81200032-6"><bdi>978-8-81200032-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=CAPPELLO%2C+Vincenzo&rft.btitle=Dizionario+Biografico+degli+Italiani%2C+Volume+18%3A+Canella%E2%80%93Cappello&rft.place=Rome&rft.pub=Istituto+dell%27Enciclopedia+Italiana&rft.date=1975&rft.isbn=978-8-81200032-6&rft.aulast=Olivieri&rft.aufirst=Achille&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.treccani.it%2Fenciclopedia%2Fvincenzo-cappello_%28Dizionario-Biografico%29-%28Dizionario-Biografico%29%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCrone2004" class="citation book cs1">Crone, Hugh D. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yPYfCb9vClsC&dq=Paracelsus+%2224+september+1541%22&pg=PA69">Paracelsus: The Man who Defied Medicine : His Real Contribution to Medicine and Science</a>. Albarello Press. p. 69. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-646-43327-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-646-43327-1"><bdi>978-0-646-43327-1</bdi></a>. Retrieved September 16, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Paracelsus%3A+The+Man+who+Defied+Medicine+%3A+His+Real+Contribution+to+Medicine+and+Science&rft.pages=69&rft.pub=Albarello+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-646-43327-1&rft.aulast=Crone&rft.aufirst=Hugh+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyPYfCb9vClsC%26dq%3DParacelsus%2B%252224%2Bseptember%2B1541%2522%26pg%3DPA69&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCharles_Phillips2006" class="citation book cs1">Charles Phillips (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=C3gwSIgiMswC">The Complete Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Kings & Queens of Britain: A Magnificent and Authoritative History of the Royalty of Britain, the Rulers, Their Consorts and Families, and the Pretenders to the Throne</a>. Hermes House. p. 98. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-681-45961-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-681-45961-8"><bdi>978-0-681-45961-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Complete+Illustrated+Encyclopedia+of+the+Kings+%26+Queens+of+Britain%3A+A+Magnificent+and+Authoritative+History+of+the+Royalty+of+Britain%2C+the+Rulers%2C+Their+Consorts+and+Families%2C+and+the+Pretenders+to+the+Throne&rft.pages=98&rft.pub=Hermes+House&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-681-45961-8&rft.au=Charles+Phillips&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DC3gwSIgiMswC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBucer1960" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Bucer, Martin (1960). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=noPYAAAAMAAJ&dq=Wolfgang+Capito+%224+november+1541%22&pg=PA563">Deutsche Schriften,: Schriften zu Ehe und Eherecht</a> (in German). Gütersloher Verlagshaus G. Mohn. p. 563. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-579-04381-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-579-04381-4"><bdi>978-3-579-04381-4</bdi></a>. Retrieved September 16, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Deutsche+Schriften%2C%3A+Schriften+zu+Ehe+und+Eherecht&rft.pages=563&rft.pub=G%C3%BCtersloher+Verlagshaus+G.+Mohn&rft.date=1960&rft.isbn=978-3-579-04381-4&rft.aulast=Bucer&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DnoPYAAAAMAAJ%26dq%3DWolfgang%2BCapito%2B%25224%2Bnovember%2B1541%2522%26pg%3DPA563&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-howard-62">^ <a href="#cite_ref-howard_62-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-howard_62-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoy2023" class="citation book cs1">Roy, Neha (April 6, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HRayEAAAQBAJ&dq=Thomas+Culpeper+%2210+december+1541%22&pg=PA137">Henry VIII's Imprisoned Women: The Women of the Tower</a>. Pen and Sword History. p. 137. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-3990-9579-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-3990-9579-2"><bdi>978-1-3990-9579-2</bdi></a>. Retrieved September 17, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Henry+VIII%27s+Imprisoned+Women%3A+The+Women+of+the+Tower&rft.pages=137&rft.pub=Pen+and+Sword+History&rft.date=2023-04-06&rft.isbn=978-1-3990-9579-2&rft.aulast=Roy&rft.aufirst=Neha&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHRayEAAAQBAJ%26dq%3DThomas%2BCulpeper%2B%252210%2Bdecember%2B1541%2522%26pg%3DPA137&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qJmYEAAAQBAJ&q=%20%2224%20december%201541%22">The Eucharistic Pamphlets of Andreas Bodenstein von Karlstadt</a>. Penn State Press. February 22, 2011. p. 18. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-271-09112-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-271-09112-9"><bdi>978-0-271-09112-9</bdi></a>. Retrieved September 17, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Eucharistic+Pamphlets+of+Andreas+Bodenstein+von+Karlstadt&rft.pages=18&rft.pub=Penn+State+Press&rft.date=2011-02-22&rft.isbn=978-0-271-09112-9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqJmYEAAAQBAJ%26q%3D%2520%252224%2520december%25201541%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMellen1971" class="citation book cs1">Mellen, Peter (1971). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TxTrAAAAMAAJ&q=%221541%22">Jean Clouet: Complete Edition of the Drawings, Miniatures and Paintings</a>. Phaidon. p. 16. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7148-1431-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7148-1431-5"><bdi>978-0-7148-1431-5</bdi></a>. Retrieved September 17, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jean+Clouet%3A+Complete+Edition+of+the+Drawings%2C+Miniatures+and+Paintings&rft.pages=16&rft.pub=Phaidon&rft.date=1971&rft.isbn=978-0-7148-1431-5&rft.aulast=Mellen&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTxTrAAAAMAAJ%26q%3D%25221541%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AILqagZS244C&q=%221541%22">İslâm ansiklopedisi: İslâm âlemi coğrafya, etnoğrafya ve biyografya lûgati ...</a> (in Turkish). Maarif Matbaası. 1940. p. 832. Retrieved September 17, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%C4%B0sl%C3%A2m+ansiklopedisi%3A+%C4%B0sl%C3%A2m+%C3%A2lemi+co%C4%9Frafya%2C+etno%C4%9Frafya+ve+biyografya+l%C3%BBgati+...&rft.pages=832&rft.pub=Maarif+Matbaas%C4%B1&rft.date=1940&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAILqagZS244C%26q%3D%25221541%2522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6oU3AAAAYAAJ&dq=Giovanni+Guidiccioni+%221541%22&pg=PR109">Laura: Or, An Anthology of Sonnets, (on the Petrarcan Model,) and Elegiac Quatuorzains</a>. R. Taylor. 1814. p. cix. Retrieved September 17, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Laura%3A+Or%2C+An+Anthology+of+Sonnets%2C+%28on+the+Petrarcan+Model%2C%29+and+Elegiac+Quatuorzains&rft.pages=cix&rft.pub=R.+Taylor&rft.date=1814&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6oU3AAAAYAAJ%26dq%3DGiovanni%2BGuidiccioni%2B%25221541%2522%26pg%3DPR109&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGibb1960" class="citation book cs1">Gibb, Sir H. A. R. (1960). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cJQ3AAAAIAAJ&dq=Gazi+Husrev+Bey+%221541%22&pg=PA32">The Encyclopaedia of Islam</a>. Brill Archive. p. 32. Retrieved September 17, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopaedia+of+Islam&rft.pages=32&rft.pub=Brill+Archive&rft.date=1960&rft.aulast=Gibb&rft.aufirst=Sir+H.+A.+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DcJQ3AAAAIAAJ%26dq%3DGazi%2BHusrev%2BBey%2B%25221541%2522%26pg%3DPA32&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3A1541" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1541&oldid=1243561173">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1541&oldid=1243561173</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1541" title="Category:1541">1541</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Spanish-language_sources_(es)" title="Category:CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)">CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Burmese-language_sources_(my)" title="Category:CS1 Burmese-language sources (my)">CS1 Burmese-language sources (my)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Swedish-language_sources_(sv)" title="Category:CS1 Swedish-language sources (sv)">CS1 Swedish-language sources (sv)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Dutch-language_sources_(nl)" title="Category:CS1 Dutch-language sources (nl)">CS1 Dutch-language sources (nl)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_French-language_sources_(fr)" title="Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)">CS1 French-language sources (fr)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_German-language_sources_(de)" title="Category:CS1 German-language sources (de)">CS1 German-language sources (de)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Italian-language_sources_(it)" title="Category:CS1 Italian-language sources (it)">CS1 Italian-language sources (it)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Japanese-language_sources_(ja)" title="Category:CS1 Japanese-language sources (ja)">CS1 Japanese-language sources (ja)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_lacking_reliable_references" title="Category:All articles lacking reliable references">All articles lacking reliable references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_lacking_reliable_references_from_February_2024" title="Category:Articles lacking reliable references from February 2024">Articles lacking reliable references from February 2024</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Polish-language_sources_(pl)" title="Category:CS1 Polish-language sources (pl)">CS1 Polish-language sources (pl)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Turkish-language_sources_(tr)" title="Category:CS1 Turkish-language sources (tr)">CS1 Turkish-language sources (tr)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_March_2011" title="Category:Use mdy dates from March 2011">Use mdy dates from March 2011</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 2 September 2024, at 04:11 (UTC).</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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