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text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: teaching method</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21500</span> A Research on Flipped-Classroom Teaching Model in English for Academic Purpose Teaching</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Li%20Shuang">Li Shuang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With rigid teaching procedures and limited academic performance assessment methods, traditional teaching model stands in the way of college English reform in China, which features EAP (English for Academic Purpose) teaching. Flipped-classroom teaching, which has been extensively applied to science subjects teaching, however, covers the shortage of traditional teaching model in EAP teaching, via creatively inverting traditional teaching procedures. Besides, the application of flipped-classroom teaching model in EAP teaching also proves that this new teaching philosophy is not confined to science subjects teaching; it goes perfectly well with liberal-arts subjects teaching. Data analysis, desk research survey, and comparative study are referred to in the essay so as to prove its feasibility and advantages in EAP teaching. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EAP" title="EAP">EAP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional%20teaching%20method" title=" traditional teaching method"> traditional teaching method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flipped-classroom%20teaching%20model" title=" flipped-classroom teaching model"> flipped-classroom teaching model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching%20model%20design" title=" teaching model design"> teaching model design</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76113/a-research-on-flipped-classroom-teaching-model-in-english-for-academic-purpose-teaching" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76113.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">311</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21499</span> Socratic Style of Teaching: An Analysis of Dialectical Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Jawwad">Muhammad Jawwad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Riffat%20Iqbal"> Riffat Iqbal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Socratic method, also known as the dialectical method and elenctic method, has significant relevance in the contemporary educational system. It can be incorporated into modern-day educational systems theoretically as well as practically. Being interactive and dialogue-based in nature, this teaching approach is followed by critical thinking and innovation. The pragmatic value of the Dialectical Method has been discussed in this article, and the limitations of the Socratic method have also been highlighted. The interactive Method of Socrates can be used in many subjects for students of different grades. The Limitations and delimitations of the Method have also been discussed for its proper implementation. This article has attempted to elaborate and analyze the teaching method of Socrates with all its pre-suppositions and Epistemological character. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Socratic%20method" title="Socratic method">Socratic method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dialectical%20method" title=" dialectical method"> dialectical method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge" title=" knowledge"> knowledge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching" title=" teaching"> teaching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtue" title=" virtue"> virtue</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149127/socratic-style-of-teaching-an-analysis-of-dialectical-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149127.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">134</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21498</span> Critical Comparison of Two Teaching Methods: The Grammar Translation Method and the Communicative Teaching Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aicha%20Zohbie">Aicha Zohbie</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this paper is to critically compare two teaching methods: the communicative method and the grammar-translation method. The paper presents the importance of language awareness as an approach to teaching and learning language and some challenges that language teachers face. In addition, the paper strives to determine whether the adoption of communicative teaching methods or the grammar teaching method would be more effective to teach a language. A variety of features are considered for comparing the two methods: the purpose of each method, techniques used, teachers’ and students’ roles, the use of L1, the skills that are emphasized, the correction of students’ errors, and the students’ assessments. Finally, the paper includes suggestions and recommendations for implementing an approach that best meets the students’ needs in a classroom. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=language%20teaching%20methods" title="language teaching methods">language teaching methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=language%20awareness" title=" language awareness"> language awareness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communicative%20method%20grammar%20translation%20method" title=" communicative method grammar translation method"> communicative method grammar translation method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=advantages%20and%20disadvantages" title=" advantages and disadvantages"> advantages and disadvantages</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150192/critical-comparison-of-two-teaching-methods-the-grammar-translation-method-and-the-communicative-teaching-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150192.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">151</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21497</span> Innovation of Teaching Methods in Vocational Education with Popularity Development Process</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hong%20Zeng">Hong Zeng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the process of popularization of higher education, it is necessary to innovate teaching methods in order to make the students cultivated suitable for the needs of social development. This paper discusses the limitations and shortcomings of the traditional teaching method of teaching approach to a person's aptitude, personality, and interest and introduces the new teaching method of teaching approach to a person's personality. The teaching approach to a person's personality is a target teaching method that aims to develop students' potential and cultivate professional talents. Therefore, teachers should be professional and can adopt modern teaching methods from the Internet so that students can clearly understand the course and the knowledge structure. Finally, the students using new teaching methods can enhance their motivation to study and quickly acquire professional skills. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=higher%20education" title="higher education">higher education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personality" title=" personality"> personality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=target%20education" title=" target education"> target education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=student-centered" title=" student-centered"> student-centered</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153037/innovation-of-teaching-methods-in-vocational-education-with-popularity-development-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153037.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">119</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21496</span> Teacher’s Perception of Dalcroze Method Course as Teacher’s Enhancement Course: A Case Study in Hong Kong</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ka%20Lei%20Au">Ka Lei Au</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Dalcroze method has been emerging in music classrooms, and music teachers are encouraged to integrate music and movement in their teaching. Music programs in colleges in Hong Kong have been introducing method courses such as Orff and Dalcroze method in music teaching as teacher’s education program. Since the targeted students of the course are music teachers who are making the decision of what approach to use in their classroom, their perception is significantly valued to identify how this approach is applicable in their teaching in regards to the teaching and learning culture and environment. This qualitative study aims to explore how the Dalcroze method as a teacher’s education course is perceived by music teachers from three aspects: 1) application in music teaching, 2) self-enhancement, 3) expectation. Through the lens of music teachers, data were collected from 30 music teachers who are taking the Dalcroze method course in music teaching in Hong Kong by the survey. The findings reveal the value and their intention of the Dalcroze method in Hong Kong. It also provides a significant reference for better development of such courses in the future in adaption to the culture, teaching and learning environment and teacher’s, student’s and parent’s perception of this approach. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dalcroze%20method" title="Dalcroze method">Dalcroze method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=music%20teaching" title=" music teaching"> music teaching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perception" title=" perception"> perception</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-enhancement" title=" self-enhancement"> self-enhancement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teacher%E2%80%99s%20education" title=" teacher’s education"> teacher’s education</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146561/teachers-perception-of-dalcroze-method-course-as-teachers-enhancement-course-a-case-study-in-hong-kong" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146561.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">404</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21495</span> An Implementation of Multi-Media Applications in Teaching Structural Design to Architectural Students</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wafa%20Labib">Wafa Labib</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Teaching methods include lectures, workshops and tutorials for the presentation and discussion of ideas have become out of date; were developed outside the discipline of architecture from the college of engineering and do not satisfy the architectural students’ needs and causes them many difficulties in integrating structure into their design. In an attempt to improve structure teaching methods, this paper focused upon proposing a supportive teaching/learning tool using multi-media applications which seeks to better meet the architecture student’s needs and capabilities and improve the understanding and application of basic and intermediate structural engineering and technology principles. Before introducing the use of multi-media as a supportive teaching tool, a questionnaire was distributed to third year students of a structural design course who were selected as a sample to be surveyed forming a sample of 90 cases. The primary aim of the questionnaire was to identify the students’ learning style and to investigate whether the selected method of teaching could make the teaching and learning process more efficient. Students’ reaction on the use of this method was measured using three key elements indicating that this method is an appropriate teaching method for the nature of the students and the course as well. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching%20method" title="teaching method">teaching method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=architecture" title=" architecture"> architecture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20style" title=" learning style"> learning style</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-media" title=" multi-media"> multi-media</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39707/an-implementation-of-multi-media-applications-in-teaching-structural-design-to-architectural-students" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39707.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">437</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21494</span> A Teaching Method for Improving Sentence Fluency in Writing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manssour%20Habbash">Manssour Habbash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Srinivasa%20Rao%20Idapalapati"> Srinivasa Rao Idapalapati</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Although writing is a multifaceted task, teaching writing is a demanding task basically for two reasons: Grammar and Syntax. This article provides a method of teaching writing that was found to be effective in improving students’ academic writing composition skill. The article explains the concepts of ‘guided-discovery’ and ‘guided-construction’ upon which a method of teaching writing is grounded and developed. Providing a brief commentary on what the core could mean primarily, the article presents an exposition of understanding and identifying the core and building upon the core that can demonstrate the way a teacher can make use of the concepts in teaching for improving the writing skills of their students. The method is an adaptation of grammar translation method that has been improvised to suit to a student-centered classroom environment. An intervention of teaching writing through this method was tried out with positive outcomes in formal classroom research setup, and in view of the content’s quality that relates more to the classroom practices and also in consideration of its usefulness to the practicing teachers the process and the findings are presented in a narrative form along with the results in tabular form. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=core%20of%20a%20text" title="core of a text">core of a text</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=guided%20construction" title=" guided construction"> guided construction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=guided%20discovery" title=" guided discovery"> guided discovery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=theme%20of%20a%20text" title=" theme of a text"> theme of a text</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42210/a-teaching-method-for-improving-sentence-fluency-in-writing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42210.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">381</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21493</span> Meta-Instruction Theory in Mathematics Education and Critique of Bloom’s Theory</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdollah%20Aliesmaeili">Abdollah Aliesmaeili</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this research is to present a different perspective on the basic math teaching method called meta-instruction, which reverses the learning path. Meta-instruction is a method of teaching in which the teaching trajectory starts from brain education into learning. This research focuses on the behavior of the mind during learning. In this method, students are not instructed in mathematics, but they are educated. Another goal of the research is to "criticize Bloom's classification in the cognitive domain and reverse it", because it cannot meet the educational and instructional needs of the new generation and "substituting math education instead of math teaching". This is an indirect method of teaching. The method of research is longitudinal through four years. Statistical samples included students ages 6 to 11. The research focuses on improving the mental abilities of children to explore mathematical rules and operations by playing only with eight measurements (any years 2 examinations). The results showed that there is a significant difference between groups in remembering, understanding, and applying. Moreover, educating math is more effective than instructing in overall learning abilities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=applying" title="applying">applying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bloom%27s%20taxonomy" title=" Bloom's taxonomy"> Bloom's taxonomy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brain%20education" title=" brain education"> brain education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematics%20teaching%20method" title=" mathematics teaching method"> mathematics teaching method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meta-instruction" title=" meta-instruction"> meta-instruction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=remembering" title=" remembering"> remembering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=starmath%20method" title=" starmath method"> starmath method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=understanding" title=" understanding"> understanding</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191148/meta-instruction-theory-in-mathematics-education-and-critique-of-blooms-theory" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/191148.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">23</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21492</span> Effective Teaching of Thermofluid Pratical Courses during COVID-19</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Opeyemi%20Fadipe">Opeyemi Fadipe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masud%20Salimian"> Masud Salimian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The COVID-19 pandemic has introduced a new normal into the world; online teaching is now the most used method of teaching over the face to face meeting. With the emergency of these teaching, online-teaching has been improved over time and with more technological advancement tools introduced. Practical courses are more demanding to teach because it requires the physical presence of the student as well as a demonstration of the equipment. In this study, a case of Lagos State University thermofluid practical was the understudy. A survey was done and give to a sample of students to fill. The result showed that the blend-approach is better for practical course teaching. Software simulation of the equipment used to conduct practical should be encouraged in the future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=online%20teaching" title=" online teaching"> online teaching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=t-distribution" title=" t-distribution"> t-distribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermofluid" title=" thermofluid"> thermofluid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131962/effective-teaching-of-thermofluid-pratical-courses-during-covid-19" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131962.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">176</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21491</span> Cross Professional Team-Assisted Teaching Effectiveness</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shan-Yu%20Hsu">Shan-Yu Hsu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hsin-Shu%20Huang"> Hsin-Shu Huang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The main purpose of this teaching research is to design an interdisciplinary team-assisted teaching method for trainees and interns and review the effectiveness of this teaching method on trainees' understanding of peritoneal dialysis. The teaching research object is the fifth and sixth-grade trainees in a medical center's medical school. The teaching methods include media teaching, demonstration of technical operation, face-to-face communication with patients, special case discussions, and field visits to the peritoneal dialysis room. Evaluate learning effectiveness before, after, and verbally. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS paired-sample t-test to analyze whether there is a difference in peritoneal dialysis professional cognition before and after teaching intervention. Descriptive statistics show that the average score of the previous test is 74.44, the standard deviation is 9.34, the average score of the post-test is 95.56, and the standard deviation is 5.06. The results of the t-test of the paired samples are shown as p-value = 0.006, showing the peritoneal dialysis professional cognitive test. Significant differences were observed before and after. The interdisciplinary team-assisted teaching method helps trainees and interns to improve their professional awareness of peritoneal dialysis. At the same time, trainee physicians have positive feedback on the inter-professional team-assisted teaching method. This teaching research finds that the clinical ability development education of trainees and interns can provide cross-professional team-assisted teaching methods to assist clinical teaching guidance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monitor%20quality" title="monitor quality">monitor quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=patient%20safety" title=" patient safety"> patient safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20promotion%20objective" title=" health promotion objective"> health promotion objective</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cross-professional%20team-assisted%20teaching%20methods" title=" cross-professional team-assisted teaching methods"> cross-professional team-assisted teaching methods</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144070/cross-professional-team-assisted-teaching-effectiveness" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144070.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">143</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21490</span> Vocational Teaching Method: A Conceptual Model in Teaching Automotive Practical Work</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adnan%20Ahmad">Adnan Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yusri%20Kamin"> Yusri Kamin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asnol%20Dahar%20Minghat"> Asnol Dahar Minghat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd.%20Khir%20Nordin"> Mohd. Khir Nordin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dayana%20Farzeha"> Dayana Farzeha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Nabil"> Ahmad Nabil </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this study is to identify the teaching method practices of the practical work subject in Vocational Secondary School. This study examined the practice of Vocational Teaching Method in Automotive Practical Work. The quantitative method used the sets of the questionnaire. 283 students and 63 teachers involved from ten VSS involved in this research. Research finding showed in conducting the introduction session teachers prefer used the demonstration method and questioning technique. While in deliver the content of practical task, teachers applied group monitoring and problem-solving approach. To conclude the task of automotive practical work, teachers choose re-explain and report writing to make sure students really understand all the process of teaching. VTM-APW also involved the competency-based concept to embed in the model. Derived from factors investigated, research produced the combination of elements in teaching skills and vocational skills which could be used as the best teaching method in automotive practical work for school level. As conclusion this study has concluded that the VTM-APW model is able to apply in teaching to make an improvement with current practices in Vocational Secondary School. Hence, teachers are suggested to use this method to enhance student's knowledge in Automotive and teachers will deliver skills to the current and future workforce relevant with the required competency skilled in workplace. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vocational%20teaching%20method" title="vocational teaching method">vocational teaching method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=practical%20task" title=" practical task"> practical task</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teacher%20preferences" title=" teacher preferences"> teacher preferences</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=student%20preferences" title=" student preferences"> student preferences</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8306/vocational-teaching-method-a-conceptual-model-in-teaching-automotive-practical-work" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/8306.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">452</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21489</span> A Study of Achievement and Attitude on Learning Science in English by Using Co – Teaching Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sakchai%20Rachniyom">Sakchai Rachniyom</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Owing to the ASEAN community will formally take place in the few months; therefore, Thais should realize about the importance of English language. Since, it is regarded as a working language in the community. To promote Science students’ English proficiency, teacher should be able to teach in English language appropriately and effectively. The purposes of the quasi – experimental research are (1) to measure the learning achievement, (2) to evaluate students’ satisfaction on the teaching and learning and (3) to study the consequences of co – teaching method in order comprehend the learning achievement and improvement. The participants were 40 general science students teacher. Two types of research instruments were included; (1) an achievement test, and (2) a questionnaire. This research was conducted for 1 semester. The statistics used in this research were arithmetic mean and standard deviation. The findings of the study revealed that students’ achievement score was significantly increased at statistical level .05 and the students satisfied the teaching and learning at the highest level . The students’ involvement and teachers’ support were promoted. It was also reported students’ learning was improved by co – teaching method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=co%20%E2%80%93%20teaching%20method" title="co – teaching method">co – teaching method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20science%20in%20english" title=" learning science in english"> learning science in english</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teacher" title=" teacher"> teacher</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title=" education"> education</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42885/a-study-of-achievement-and-attitude-on-learning-science-in-english-by-using-co-teaching-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42885.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">479</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21488</span> Investigation of the Effect of Teaching Thinking and Research Lesson by Cooperative and Traditional Methods on Creativity of Sixth Grade Students</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faroogh%20Khakzad">Faroogh Khakzad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marzieh%20Dehghani"> Marzieh Dehghani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elahe%20Hejazi"> Elahe Hejazi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present study investigates the effect of teaching a Thinking and Research lesson by cooperative and traditional methods on the creativity of sixth-grade students in Piranshahr province. The statistical society includes all the sixth-grade students of Piranshahr province. The sample of this studytable was selected by available sampling from among male elementary schools of Piranshahr. They were randomly assigned into two groups of cooperative teaching method and traditional teaching method. The design of the study is quasi-experimental with a control group. In this study, to assess students’ creativity, Abedi’s creativity questionnaire was used. Based on Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, the reliability of the factor flow was 0.74, innovation was 0.61, flexibility was 0.63, and expansion was 0.68. To analyze the data, t-test, univariate and multivariate covariance analysis were used for evaluation of the difference of means and the pretest and posttest scores. The findings of the research showed that cooperative teaching method does not significantly increase creativity (p > 0.05). Moreover, cooperative teaching method was found to have significant effect on flow factor (p < 0.05), but in innovation and expansion factors no significant effect was observed (p < 0.05). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cooperative%20teaching%20method" title="cooperative teaching method">cooperative teaching method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional%20teaching%20method" title=" traditional teaching method"> traditional teaching method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=creativity" title=" creativity"> creativity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flow" title=" flow"> flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=innovation" title=" innovation"> innovation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flexibility" title=" flexibility"> flexibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=expansion" title=" expansion"> expansion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thinking%20and%20research%20lesson" title=" thinking and research lesson"> thinking and research lesson</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81155/investigation-of-the-effect-of-teaching-thinking-and-research-lesson-by-cooperative-and-traditional-methods-on-creativity-of-sixth-grade-students" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81155.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">316</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21487</span> Teaching Speaking Skills to Adult English Language Learners through ALM</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wichuda%20Kunnu">Wichuda Kunnu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aungkana%20Sukwises"> Aungkana Sukwises</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Audio-lingual method (ALM) is a teaching approach that is claimed that ineffective for teaching second/foreign languages. Because some linguists and second/foreign language teachers believe that ALM is a rote learning style. However, this study is done on a belief that ALM will be able to solve Thais’ English speaking problem. This paper aims to report the findings on teaching English speaking to adult learners with an “adapted ALM”, one distinction of which is to use Thai as the medium language of instruction. The participants are consisted of 9 adult learners. They were allowed to speak English more freely using both the materials presented in the class and their background knowledge of English. At the end of the course, they spoke English more fluently, more confidently, to the extent that they applied what they learnt both in and outside the class. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching%20English" title="teaching English">teaching English</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=audio%20lingual%20method" title=" audio lingual method"> audio lingual method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cognitive%20science" title=" cognitive science"> cognitive science</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psychology" title=" psychology"> psychology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12355/teaching-speaking-skills-to-adult-english-language-learners-through-alm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12355.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">418</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21486</span> Implementation Principles and Strategies of Bilingual Teaching in Taiwan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinfen%20Chen">Chinfen Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper aims to focus on the challenges and doubts encountered in the implementation of ‘bilingual teaching in some fields of courses’, and propose implementation principles and strategies from the four areas of curriculum design, teaching strategies, teaching language application, and bilingual teaching implementation and operation, as a school The administrative team considers when planning bilingual teaching and also clarifies teachers' doubts about the implementation of bilingual teaching to enhance their willingness and confidence to participate in bilingual teaching. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bilingual%20education%20policy" title="bilingual education policy">bilingual education policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=language%20immersion" title=" language immersion"> language immersion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=partial%20bilingual%20education" title=" partial bilingual education"> partial bilingual education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=content%20knowledge%20and%20target%20language%20acquisition" title=" content knowledge and target language acquisition"> content knowledge and target language acquisition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inquiry-based%20teaching." title=" inquiry-based teaching."> inquiry-based teaching.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186675/implementation-principles-and-strategies-of-bilingual-teaching-in-taiwan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186675.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">52</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21485</span> Investigating Students’ Cognitive Processes in Solving Stoichiometric Problems and its Implications to Teaching and Learning Chemistry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Allen%20A.%20Espinosa">Allen A. Espinosa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Larkins%20A.%20Trinidad"> Larkins A. Trinidad </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present study investigated collegiate students’ problem solving strategies and misconceptions in solving stoichiometric problems and later on formulate a teaching framework from the result of the study. The study found out that the most prominent strategies among students are the mole method and the proportionality method, which are both algorithmic by nature. Misconception was also noted as some students rely on Avogadro’s number in converting between moles. It is suggested therefore that the teaching of stoichiometry should not be confined to demonstration. Students should be involved in the process of thinking of ways to solve the problem. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stoichiometry" title="stoichiometry">stoichiometry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Svogadro%E2%80%99s%20number" title=" Svogadro’s number"> Svogadro’s number</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mole%20method" title=" mole method"> mole method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proportionality%20method" title=" proportionality method"> proportionality method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17686/investigating-students-cognitive-processes-in-solving-stoichiometric-problems-and-its-implications-to-teaching-and-learning-chemistry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17686.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">381</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21484</span> Development of a Small-Group Teaching Method for Enhancing the Learning of Basic Acupuncture Manipulation Optimized with the Theory of Motor Learning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wen-Chao%20Tang">Wen-Chao Tang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tang-Yi%20Liu"> Tang-Yi Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ming%20Gao"> Ming Gao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gang%20Xu"> Gang Xu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hua-Yuan%20Yang"> Hua-Yuan Yang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study developed a method for teaching acupuncture manipulation in small groups optimized with the theory of motor learning. Sixty acupuncture students and their teacher participated in our research. Motion videos were recorded of their manipulations using the lifting-thrusting method. These videos were analyzed using Simi Motion software to acquire the movement parameters of the thumb tip. The parameter velocity curves along Y axis was used to generate small teaching groups clustered by a self-organized map (SOM) and K-means. Ten groups were generated. All the targeted instruction based on the comparative results groups as well as the videos of teacher and student was provided to the members of each group respectively. According to the theory and research of motor learning, the factors or technologies such as video instruction, observational learning, external focus and summary feedback were integrated into this teaching method. Such efforts were desired to improve and enhance the effectiveness of current acupuncture teaching methods in limited classroom teaching time and extracurricular training. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acupuncture" title="acupuncture">acupuncture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=group%20teaching" title=" group teaching"> group teaching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=video%20instruction" title=" video instruction"> video instruction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=observational%20learning" title=" observational learning"> observational learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=external%20focus" title=" external focus"> external focus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=summary%20feedback" title=" summary feedback"> summary feedback</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100464/development-of-a-small-group-teaching-method-for-enhancing-the-learning-of-basic-acupuncture-manipulation-optimized-with-the-theory-of-motor-learning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100464.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">179</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21483</span> Focusing on Effective Translation Teaching in the Classroom: A Case Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhi%20Huang">Zhi Huang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study follows on from previous survey and focus group research exploring the effective teaching process in a translation classroom in Australian universities through case study method. The data analysis draws on social constructivist theory in translation teaching and focuses on teaching process aiming to discover how effective translation teachers conduct teaching in the classroom. The results suggest that effective teaching requires the teacher to have ability in four aspects: classroom management, classroom pedagogy, classroom communication, and teacher roles. Effective translation teachers are able to control the whole learning process, facilitate students in independent learning, guide students to be more critical about translation, giving both positive and negative feedback for students to reflect on their own, and being supportive, patient and encouraging to students for better classroom communication and learning outcomes. This study can be applied to other teachers in translation so that they can reflect on their own teaching in their education contexts and strive for being a more qualified translation teacher and achieving teaching effectiveness. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=case%20study" title="case study">case study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classroom%20observation" title=" classroom observation"> classroom observation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classroom%20teaching" title=" classroom teaching"> classroom teaching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effective%20translation%20teaching" title=" effective translation teaching"> effective translation teaching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teacher%20effectiveness" title=" teacher effectiveness"> teacher effectiveness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62692/focusing-on-effective-translation-teaching-in-the-classroom-a-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62692.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">422</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21482</span> Method to Create Signed Word - Application in Teaching and Learning Vietnamese Sign Language</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nguyen%20Thi%20Kim%20Thoa">Nguyen Thi Kim Thoa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Vietnam currently has about two million five hundred deaf/hard of hearing people. Although the issue of Vietnamese Sign Language (VSL) education has received attention from the State, there are still many issues that need to be resolved, such as policies, teacher training in both knowledge and teaching methods, education programs, and textbook compilation. Furthermore, the issue of research on VSL has not yet attracted the attention of linguists. Using the quantitative description method, the article will analyze, synthesize, and compare to find methods to create signed words in VSL, such as based on external shape characteristics, operational characteristics, operating methods, and basic meanings, from which we can see the special nature of signed words, the division of word types and the morphological meaning of creating new words through sign methods. From the results of this research, the aspect of ‘visual culture’ will be clarified in Vietnamese Deaf Culture. Through that, we also develop a number of vocabulary teaching methods (such as teaching vocabulary through a group of methods of forming signed words, teaching vocabulary using mind maps, and teaching vocabulary through culture...), with the aim of further improving the effectiveness of teaching and learning VSL in Vietnam. The research results also provide deaf people in Vietnam with a scientific and effective method of learning vocabulary, helping them quickly integrate into the community. The article will be a useful reference for linguists who want to research VSL. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vietnamese%20sign%20language%20%28VSL%29" title="Vietnamese sign language (VSL)">Vietnamese sign language (VSL)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=signed%20word" title=" signed word"> signed word</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching" title=" teaching"> teaching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=method" title=" method"> method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186743/method-to-create-signed-word-application-in-teaching-and-learning-vietnamese-sign-language" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186743.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">36</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21481</span> Investigating Mathematics Teachers' Knowledge of the Effective Teaching Strategies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zafer%20F.%20Alshehri">Zafer F. Alshehri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper investigated mathematics teachers' knowledge of the effective teaching strategies at the Southern Region of Saudi Arabia. Specifically, it aimed to identify a list of the effective strategies of teaching mathematics; the extent of mathematics teachers' knowledge of these strategies; and the differences (if any) of mathematics teachers' knowledge of these strategies regarding scientific degree, teaching experience, and educational sage. To achieve that, the researcher used the descriptive approach for preparing a list of effective mathematics teaching strategies and developing a questionnaire of a sample of (240) mathematics teachers. As a result, there were differences in teachers' knowledge of the effective teaching strategies, which ranked as a low, and the highest knowledge was in favor of higher degrees. In addition, there were a few recommendations and suggestions for developing mathematics teachers' knowledge of effective teaching strategies, such as involving in workshops of mathematics teaching strategies, integrating technology into mathematics teaching, and using research findings in the instruction process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematics%20teaching%20knowledge" title="mathematics teaching knowledge">mathematics teaching knowledge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematics%20teachers" title=" mathematics teachers"> mathematics teachers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effective%20mathematics%20teaching%20strategies" title=" effective mathematics teaching strategies"> effective mathematics teaching strategies</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22233/investigating-mathematics-teachers-knowledge-of-the-effective-teaching-strategies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22233.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">511</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21480</span> An Experience Report on Course Teaching in Information Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carlos%20Oliveira">Carlos Oliveira</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper is a criticism of the traditional model of teaching and presents alternative teaching methods, different from the traditional lecture. These methods are accompanied by reports of experience of their application in a class. It was concluded that in the lecture, the student has a low learning rate and that other methods should be used to make the most engaging learning environment for the student, contributing (or facilitating) his learning process. However, the teacher should not use a single method, but rather a range of different methods to ensure the learning experience does not become repetitive and fatiguing for the student. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=educational%20practices" title="educational practices">educational practices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=experience%20report" title=" experience report"> experience report</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IT%20in%20education" title=" IT in education"> IT in education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching%20methods" title=" teaching methods"> teaching methods</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55692/an-experience-report-on-course-teaching-in-information-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55692.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">397</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21479</span> Effects of Gamification on Lower Secondary School Students’ Motivation and Engagement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Goh%20Yung%20Hong">Goh Yung Hong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mona%20Masood"> Mona Masood</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper explores the effects of gamification on lower secondary school students’ motivation and engagement in the classroom. Two-group posttest-only experimental design were employed to study the influence of gamification teaching method (GTM) when compared with conventional teaching method (CTM) on 60 lower secondary school students. The Student Engagement Instrument (SEI) and Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI) were used to assess students’ intrinsic motivation and engagement level towards the respective teaching method. Finding indicates that students who completed the GTM lesson were significantly higher in intrinsic motivation to learn than those from the CTM. Although the result were insignificant and only marginal difference in the engagement mean, GTM still show better potential in raising student’s engagement in class when compared with CTM. This finding proves that the GTM is likely to solve the current issue of low motivation to learn and low engagement in class among lower secondary school students in Malaysia. On the other hand, despite being not significant, higher mean indicates that CTM positively contribute to higher peer support for learning and better teacher and student relationship when compared with GTM. As a conclusion, gamification approach is flexible and can be adapted into many learning content to enhance the intrinsic motivation to learn and to some extent, encourage better student engagement in class. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conventional%20teaching%20method" title="conventional teaching method">conventional teaching method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gamification%20teaching%20method" title=" gamification teaching method"> gamification teaching method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motivation" title=" motivation"> motivation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=engagement" title=" engagement"> engagement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18234/effects-of-gamification-on-lower-secondary-school-students-motivation-and-engagement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18234.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">526</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21478</span> Evaluating Learning Outcomes in the Implementation of Flipped Teaching Using Data Envelopment Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huie-Wen%20Lin">Huie-Wen Lin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study integrated various teaching factors -based on the idea of a flipped classroom- in a financial management course. The study’s aim was to establish an effective teaching implementation strategy and evaluation mechanism with respect to learning outcomes, which can serve as a reference for the future modification of teaching methods. This study implemented a teaching method in five stages and estimated the learning efficiencies of 22 students (in the teaching scenario and over two semesters). Subsequently, data envelopment analysis (DEA) was used to compare, for each student, between the learning efficiencies before and after participation in the flipped classroom -in the first and second semesters, respectively- to identify the crucial external factors influencing learning efficiency. According to the results, the average overall student learning efficiency increased from 0.901 in the first semester to 0.967 in the second semester, which demonstrate that the flipped classroom approach can improve teaching effectiveness and learning outcomes. The results also revealed a difference in learning efficiency between male and female students. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20envelopment%20analysis" title="data envelopment analysis">data envelopment analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flipped%20classroom" title=" flipped classroom"> flipped classroom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20outcome" title=" learning outcome"> learning outcome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching%20and%20learning" title=" teaching and learning"> teaching and learning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116495/evaluating-learning-outcomes-in-the-implementation-of-flipped-teaching-using-data-envelopment-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116495.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">156</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21477</span> Comparative Study of Expository and Simulation Method of Teaching Woodwork at Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Robert%20Ogbanje%20Okwori">Robert Ogbanje Okwori</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The research studied expository and simulation method of teaching woodwork at Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria. The purpose of the study was to compare expository and simulation method of teaching woodwork and determine the method that is more effective in improving performance of students in woodwork. Two research questions and two hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. Fifteen objective questions and two theory questions were used for data collection. The questions set were on structure of timber. The study used the quasi experimental design. The population of the study consisted of 25 woodwork students of Federal University of Technology, Minna, Niger State, Nigeria and three hundred (300) level students were used for the study. The lesson plans for expository method and questions were validated by three lecturers in the Department of Industrial and Technology Education, Federal University of Technology, Minna, Nigeria. The validators checked the appropriates of test items and all the corrections and inputs were effected before administration of the instrument. Data obtained were analyzed using mean, standard deviation and t-test statistical tool. The null hypotheses were formulated and tested using t-test statistics at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study showed that simulation method of teaching has improved students’ performance in woodwork and the performance of the students was not influenced by gender. Based on the findings of the study, it was concluded that there was a significant difference in the mean achievement scores of students taught woodwork using simulation method. This implies that simulation method is more effective than expository method of teaching woodwork. Therefore, woodwork teachers should adopt simulation method of teaching woodwork towards better performance. It was recommended that simulation method should be used by woodwork lecturers to teach woodwork since students perform better using the method and also the teachers needs to be trained and re-trained in using simulation method for teaching woodwork. Teachers should be encouraged to use simulation method for their instructional delivery because it will allow them to identify their areas of strength and weakness when imparting knowledge to woodwork students. Government and different agencies should assist in procuring materials and equipment for wood workshops to enable students effectively practice what they have been taught using simulation method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=comparative" title="comparative">comparative</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=expository" title=" expository"> expository</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=woodwork" title=" woodwork"> woodwork</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34911/comparative-study-of-expository-and-simulation-method-of-teaching-woodwork-at-federal-university-of-technology-minna-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34911.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">425</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21476</span> Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and Yoruba Language Teaching</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayoola%20Idowu%20Olasebikan">Ayoola Idowu Olasebikan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The global community has become increasingly dependent on various kinds of technologies out of which Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) appear to be the most prominent. ICTs have become multipurpose tools which have had a revolutionary impact on how we see the world and how we live in it. Yoruba is the most widely spoken African language outside Africa but it remains one of the badly spoken language in the world as a result of its outdated teaching method in the African schools which prevented its standard version from being spoken and written. This paper conducts a critical review of the traditional methods of teaching Yoruba language. It then examines the possibility of leveraging on ICTs for improved methods of teaching Yoruba language to achieve global standard and spread. It identified key ICT platforms that can be deployed for the teaching of Yoruba language and the constraints facing each of them. The paper concludes that Information and Communication Technologies appear to provide veritable opportunity for paradigm shift in the methods of teaching Yoruba Language. It also opines that Yoruba language has the potential to transform economic fortune of Africa for sustainable development provided its teaching is taken beyond the brick and mortar classroom to the virtual classroom/global information super highway called internet or any other ICTs medium. It recommends that students and teachers of Yoruba language should be encouraged to acquire basic skills in computer and internet technology in order to enhance their ability to develop and retrieve electronic Yoruba language teaching materials. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ICT" title=" ICT"> ICT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching%20method" title=" teaching method"> teaching method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yoruba%20language" title=" Yoruba language "> Yoruba language </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48266/information-and-communication-technology-ict-and-yoruba-language-teaching" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48266.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">361</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21475</span> Impact of Instructional Mode and Medium of Instruction on the Learning Outcomes of Secondary Level School Children</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dipti%20Parida">Dipti Parida</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Atasi%20Mohanty"> Atasi Mohanty</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The focus of this research is to examine the interaction effect of flipped teaching and traditional teaching mode across two different medium (English and Odia) of instructional groups. Both Science and History subjects were taken to be taught in the Class- VIII in two different instructional mode/s. In total, 180 students of Class-VIII of both Odia and English medium schools were taken as the samples of this study; 90 participants (each group) were from both English and Odia medium schools ; 45 participants of each of these two groups were again assigned either to flip or traditional teaching method. We have two independent variables and each independent variable with two levels. Medium and mode of instruction are the two independent variables. Medium of instruction has two levels of Odia medium and English medium groups. The mode of instruction has also two levels of flip and traditional teaching method. Here we get 4 different groups, such as Odia medium students with traditional mode of teaching (O.M.T), Odia medium students with flipped mode of teaching (O.M.F), English medium students with traditional mode of teaching (E.M.T) and English medium students with flipped mode of teaching (E.M.F). Before the instructional administration, these four groups were given a test on the concerned topic to be taught. Based on this result, a one-way ANOVA was computed and the obtained result showed that these four groups don’t differ significantly from each other at the beginning. Then they were taught the concerned topic either in traditional or flip mode of teaching method. After that a 2×2×2 repeated measures ANOVA was done to analyze the group differences as well as the learning outcome before and after the teaching. The result table also shows that in post-test the learning outcome is highest in case of English medium students with flip mode of instruction. From the statistical analysis it is clear that the flipped mode of teaching is as effective for Odia medium students as it is for English medium students. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medium%20of%20instruction" title="medium of instruction">medium of instruction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mode%20of%20instruction" title=" mode of instruction"> mode of instruction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=test%20mode" title=" test mode"> test mode</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vernacular%20medium" title=" vernacular medium"> vernacular medium</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71475/impact-of-instructional-mode-and-medium-of-instruction-on-the-learning-outcomes-of-secondary-level-school-children" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71475.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">355</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21474</span> Effectiveness of Active Learning in Social Science Courses at Japanese Universities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kumiko%20Inagaki">Kumiko Inagaki</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent, years, Japanese universities have begun to face a dilemma: more than half of all high school graduates go on to attend an institution of higher learning, overwhelming Japanese universities accustomed to small student bodies. These universities have been forced to embrace qualitative changes to accommodate the increased number and diversity of students who enter their establishments, students who differ in their motivations for learning, their levels of eagerness to learn, and their perspectives on the future. One of these changes is an increase in awareness among Japanese educators of the importance of active learning, which deepens students’ understanding of course material through a range of activities, including writing, speaking, thinking, and presenting, in addition to conventional “passive learning” methods such as listening to a one-way lecture. The purpose of this study is to examine the effectiveness of the teaching method adapted to improve active learning. A teaching method designed to promote active learning was implemented in a social science course at one of the most popular universities in Japan. A questionnaire using a five-point response format was given to students in 2,305 courses throughout the university to evaluate the effectiveness of the method based on the following measures: ① the ratio of students who were motivated to attend the classes, ② the rate at which students learned new information, and ③ the teaching method adopted in the classes. The results of this study show that the percentage of students who attended the active learning course eagerly, and the rate of new knowledge acquired through the course, both exceeded the average for the university, the department, and the subject area of social science. In addition, there are strong correlations between teaching method and student motivation and between teaching method and knowledge acquisition rate. These results indicate that the active learning teaching method was effectively implemented and that it may improve student eagerness to attend class and motivation to learn. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=active%20learning" title="active learning">active learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Japanese%20university" title=" Japanese university"> Japanese university</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching%20method" title=" teaching method"> teaching method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=university%20education" title=" university education"> university education</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75495/effectiveness-of-active-learning-in-social-science-courses-at-japanese-universities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75495.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">195</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21473</span> Project and Module Based Teaching and Learning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jingyu%20Hou">Jingyu Hou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper proposes a new teaching and learning approach-project and Module Based Teaching and Learning (PMBTL). The PMBTL approach incorporates the merits of project/problem based and module based learning methods, and overcomes the limitations of these methods. The correlation between teaching, learning, practice, and assessment is emphasized in this approach, and new methods have been proposed accordingly. The distinct features of these new methods differentiate the PMBTL approach from conventional teaching approaches. Evaluation of this approach on practical teaching and learning activities demonstrates the effectiveness and stability of the approach in improving the performance and quality of teaching and learning. The approach proposed in this paper is also intuitive to the design of other teaching units. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer%20science%20education" title="computer science education">computer science education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=project%20and%20module%20based" title=" project and module based"> project and module based</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=software%20engineering" title=" software engineering"> software engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=module%20based%20teaching%20and%20learning" title=" module based teaching and learning"> module based teaching and learning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5984/project-and-module-based-teaching-and-learning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5984.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">493</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21472</span> Effects of E-Learning Mode of Instruction and Conventional Mode of Instruction on Student’s Achievement in English Language in Senior Secondary Schools, Ibadan Municipal, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibode%20Osa%20Felix">Ibode Osa Felix</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of e-Learning is presently intensified in the academic world following the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic in early 2020. Hitherto, e-learning had made its debut in teaching and learning many years ago when it emerged as an aspect of Computer Based Teaching, but never before has its patronage become so important and popular as currently obtains. Previous studies revealed that there is an ongoing debate among researchers on the efficacy of the E-learning mode of instruction over the traditional teaching method. Therefore, the study examined the effect of E-learning and Conventional Mode of Instruction on Students Achievement in the English Language. The study is a quasi-experimental study in which 230 students, from three public secondary schools, were selected through a simple random sampling technique. Three instruments were developed, namely, E-learning Instructional Guide (ELIG), Conventional Method of Instructional Guide (CMIG), and English Language Achievement Test (ELAT). The result revealed that students taught through the conventional method had better results than students taught online. The result also shows that girls taught with the conventional method of teaching performed better than boys in the English Language. The study, therefore, recommended that effort should be made by the educational authorities in Nigeria to provide internet facilities to enhance practices among learners and provide electricity to power e-learning equipment in the secondary schools. This will boost e-learning practices among teachers and students and consequently overtake conventional method of teaching in due course. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-learning" title="e-learning">e-learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conventional%20method%20of%20teaching" title=" conventional method of teaching"> conventional method of teaching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=achievement%20in%20english" title=" achievement in english"> achievement in english</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electricity" title=" electricity"> electricity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143419/effects-of-e-learning-mode-of-instruction-and-conventional-mode-of-instruction-on-students-achievement-in-english-language-in-senior-secondary-schools-ibadan-municipal-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/143419.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">170</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21471</span> Implementing Learner-Centered Teaching Approach In Iraqi Higher Education</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iman%20Ali%20Ahmed%20Al-Rashed">Iman Ali Ahmed Al-Rashed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper directs attention to the limitations of the teacher-centered strategy in teaching. The aim of this study is to draw more educational attention to learner-centered strategy in order to shift the emphasis from the traditional concept of teaching to a new concept in teaching. To begin bridging the traditional concept of teaching and the new concept, the study will explore the new concept of teaching to support teaching in Arab World generally and in Iraq specifically. A qualitative case study orientation was used to collect data in the form of classroom observations, interviews and field notes. The teaching practices used by three university instructors are investigated and according to the findings, some explanations and recommendations are made. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=case%20study" title="case study">case study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learner-centered%20strategy" title=" learner-centered strategy"> learner-centered strategy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=qualitative%20study" title=" qualitative study"> qualitative study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teacher-centered%20strategy" title=" teacher-centered strategy"> teacher-centered strategy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional%20teaching" title=" traditional teaching"> traditional teaching</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35500/implementing-learner-centered-teaching-approach-in-iraqi-higher-education" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35500.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">548</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">‹</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching%20method&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching%20method&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching%20method&page=4">4</a></li> <li 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