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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">1685 battle between the armies of the Ottoman Empire and of the Holy Roman Empire</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Battle_of_Kassa" title="Special:EditPage/Battle of Kassa">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Battle+of+Kassa%22">"Battle of Kassa"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Battle+of+Kassa%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Battle+of+Kassa%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Battle+of+Kassa%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Battle+of+Kassa%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Battle+of+Kassa%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r963460841">@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .desktop-float-right{box-sizing:border-box;float:right;clear:right}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.vevent .status>p:first-child{margin:0}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th class="summary" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Battle of Kassa</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Great_Turkish_War" title="Great Turkish War">Great Turkish War</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><table style="width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;display:inline-table"><tbody><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Date</th><td>October 18, 1685</td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Location</th><td><div class="location"><a href="/wiki/Ko%C5%A1ice" title="Košice">Kassa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary" title="Kingdom of Hungary">Kingdom of Hungary</a>, (today: <a href="/wiki/Ko%C5%A1ice" title="Košice">Košice</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a>)</div></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Result</th><td class="status"> Holy Roman Empire victory</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Belligerents</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Banner_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor_without_haloes_%281400-1806%29.svg/23px-Banner_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor_without_haloes_%281400-1806%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Banner_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor_without_haloes_%281400-1806%29.svg/35px-Banner_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor_without_haloes_%281400-1806%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Banner_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor_without_haloes_%281400-1806%29.svg/45px-Banner_of_the_Holy_Roman_Emperor_without_haloes_%281400-1806%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Ottoman_red_flag.svg/23px-Ottoman_red_flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Ottoman_red_flag.svg/35px-Ottoman_red_flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Ottoman_red_flag.svg/45px-Ottoman_red_flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders and leaders</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <a href="/wiki/Aeneas_de_Caprara" title="Aeneas de Caprara">Aeneas de Caprara</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/Abdi_Pasha_the_Albanian" title="Abdi Pasha the Albanian">Abdi Pasha the 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Visegrád">Visegrád</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_V%C3%A1c_(1684)" title="Battle of Vác (1684)">Vác</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Buda_(1684)" title="Siege of Buda (1684)">1st Buda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Eperjes" title="Battle of Eperjes">Eperjes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Esztergom_(1685)" title="Siege of Esztergom (1685)">2nd Esztergom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_%C3%89rsek%C3%BAjv%C3%A1r_(1685)" title="Siege of Érsekújvár (1685)">Érsekújvár</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Kassa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Buda_(1686)" title="Siege of Buda (1686)">2nd Buda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_P%C3%A9cs" title="Siege of Pécs">Pécs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Moh%C3%A1cs_(1687)" title="Battle of Mohács (1687)">Mohács</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Sz%C3%A9kesfeh%C3%A9rv%C3%A1r_(1688)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Székesfehérvár (1688) (page does not exist)">Székesfehérvár</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Szigetv%C3%A1r_(1686%E2%80%931689)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Szigetvár (1686–1689) (page does not exist)">Szigetvár</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Kanizsa_(1690)" title="Siege of Kanizsa (1690)">Kanizsa</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Balkans</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Virovitica_(1684)" title="Siege of Virovitica (1684)">Virovitica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Santa_Maura_(1684)" title="Siege of Santa Maura (1684)">Santa Maura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_on_Vrtijeljka" title="Battle on Vrtijeljka">Vrtijeljka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Coron_(1685)" title="Siege of Coron (1685)">Coron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kalamata_(1685)" title="Battle of Kalamata (1685)">Kalamata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Navarino_(1686)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Navarino (1686)">Navarino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Modon_(1686)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Modon (1686)">Modon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Nauplia_(1686)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Nauplia (1686)">Nauplia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Patras_(1687)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Patras (1687)">Patras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_the_Acropolis_(1687)" title="Siege of the Acropolis (1687)">Acropolis of Athens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Derventa" title="Battle of Derventa">Derventa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Belgrade_(1688)" title="Siege of Belgrade (1688)">1st Belgrade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Negroponte_(1688)" title="Siege of Negroponte (1688)">Negroponte</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Kostajnica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Kostajnica (page does not exist)">Kostajnica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bato%C4%8Dina" title="Battle of Batočina">Batočina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ni%C5%A1_(1689)" title="Battle of Niš (1689)">1st Niš</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Vidin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Vidin (page does not exist)">Vidin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skopje_fire_of_1689" title="Skopje fire of 1689">Skopje</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_%C5%A0tip" title="Battle of Štip">Štip</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Ka%C4%8Danik_(1690)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Kačanik (1690) (page does not exist)">Kačanik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mytilene_(1690)" title="Battle of Mytilene (1690)">Mytilene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Kanina_(1690)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Kanina (1690)">Kanina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Ni%C5%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Niš (page does not exist)">2nd Niš</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Belgrade_(1690)" title="Siege of Belgrade (1690)">2nd Belgrade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Slankamen" title="Battle of Slankamen">Slankamen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Belgrade_(1693)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Belgrade (1693) (page does not exist)">3rd Belgrade</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Petrovaradin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Petrovaradin (page does not exist)">Petrovaradin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Chios_(1694)" class="mw-redirect" title="Capture of Chios (1694)">Chios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Oinousses_Islands" title="Battle of the Oinousses Islands">Oinousses</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Zeytinburnu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Zeytinburnu (page does not exist)">Zeytinburnu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Andros_(1696)" title="Battle of Andros (1696)">Andros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cenei" title="Battle of Cenei">Cenei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Olasch" title="Battle of Olasch">Olasch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Biha%C4%87_(1697)" title="Siege of Bihać (1697)">Bihać</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Action_of_6_July_1697" title="Action of 6 July 1697">Action of 6 July 1697</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Zenta" title="Battle of Zenta">Zenta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacking_of_Sarajevo" class="mw-redirect" title="Sacking of Sarajevo">Sarajevo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Samothrace_(1698)" title="Battle of Samothrace (1698)">Samothrace</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Eastern Europe</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chi%C8%9Bcani_(1683)" title="Battle of Chițcani (1683)">Chițcani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Reni" title="Battle of Reni">Reni</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Studenitsa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Studenitsa (page does not exist)">Studenitsa</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%D0%B9" class="extiw" title="ru:Битва под Студеницей">ru</a>; <a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B4_%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%8E" class="extiw" title="uk:Битва під Студеницею">uk</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moldavian_campaign_(1684%E2%80%931691)" title="Moldavian campaign (1684–1691)">Moldavia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_campaigns_of_1687_and_1689" title="Crimean campaigns of 1687 and 1689">Crimean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Kamenets_(1687)" title="Siege of Kamenets (1687)">Kamenets</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Novoselka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Novoselka (page does not exist)">Novoselka</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B4_%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%8E" class="extiw" title="uk:Битва під Новоселкою">uk</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Zernest" title="Battle of Zernest">Zernest</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Oradea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Oradea (page does not exist)">Oradea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hod%C3%B3w" title="Battle of Hodów">Hodów</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ustechko" title="Battle of Ustechko">Ustechko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azov_campaigns" class="mw-redirect" title="Azov campaigns">Azov campaigns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lugos" title="Battle of Lugos">Lugos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Podhajce_(1698)" title="Battle of Podhajce (1698)">Podhajce</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Martyn%C3%B3w_(1699)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Martynów (1699) (page does not exist)">Martynów</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitwa_pod_Martynowem_(1699)" class="extiw" title="pl:Bitwa pod Martynowem (1699)">pl</a>]</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><br /> The <b>Battle of Kassa</b> was fought on October 18, 1685, in the city of <a href="/wiki/Ko%C5%A1ice" title="Košice">Kassa</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary" title="Kingdom of Hungary">Kingdom of Hungary</a> (now Košice in Slovakia), between the armies of the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a> and of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Austrian Commander, Field Marshal <a href="/wiki/Aeneas_de_Caprara" title="Aeneas de Caprara">Aeneas de Caprara</a>, defeated the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman Army">Ottoman Army</a> near the city and with this victory regained Habsburg control of which had been lost in 1682 to the <a href="/wiki/Kuruc" title="Kuruc">Kuruc</a> leader <a href="/wiki/Imre_Th%C3%B6k%C3%B6ly" class="mw-redirect" title="Imre Thököly">Imre Thököly</a>. Košice at the time was defended by a modern pentagonal fortress (<a href="/wiki/Citadel" title="Citadel">citadel</a>) built by the Habsburgs south of the city in the 1670s. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Kassa&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFEtényi2021" class="citation journal cs1">Etényi, Nóra G. (2021-04-30). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ojs.elte.hu/hsce/article/view/718">"Protestant "Athleta Christi" in the Propaganda of the Great Turkish War: The Demise of Georg Friedrich, Duke of Wurttemberg at Košice, 1685"</a>. <i>Historical Studies on Central Europe</i>. <b>1</b> (1): 97–128. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.47074%2FHSCE.2021-1.05">10.47074/HSCE.2021-1.05</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2786-0922">2786-0922</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Historical+Studies+on+Central+Europe&rft.atitle=Protestant+%22Athleta+Christi%22+in+the+Propaganda+of+the+Great+Turkish+War%3A+The+Demise+of+Georg+Friedrich%2C+Duke+of+Wurttemberg+at+Ko%C5%A1ice%2C+1685&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=97-128&rft.date=2021-04-30&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.47074%2FHSCE.2021-1.05&rft.issn=2786-0922&rft.aulast=Et%C3%A9nyi&rft.aufirst=N%C3%B3ra+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fojs.elte.hu%2Fhsce%2Farticle%2Fview%2F718&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Kassa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <p><span class="metadata coord-missing"></span> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Kassa&oldid=1235049563">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Kassa&oldid=1235049563</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Battles_of_the_Great_Turkish_War" title="Category:Battles of the Great Turkish War">Battles of the Great Turkish War</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Battles_involving_the_Ottoman_Empire" title="Category:Battles involving the Ottoman Empire">Battles involving the Ottoman Empire</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Battles_involving_the_Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Category:Battles involving the Holy Roman Empire">Battles involving the Holy Roman Empire</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Conflicts_in_1685" title="Category:Conflicts in 1685">Conflicts in 1685</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1685_in_Europe" title="Category:1685 in Europe">1685 in Europe</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_Ko%C5%A1ice" title="Category:History of Košice">History of Košice</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_September_2023" title="Category:Articles needing additional references from September 2023">Articles needing additional references from September 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references" title="Category:All articles needing additional references">All articles needing additional references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Slovakia_articles_missing_geocoordinate_data" title="Category:Slovakia articles missing geocoordinate data">Slovakia articles missing geocoordinate data</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_coordinates" title="Category:All articles needing coordinates">All articles needing coordinates</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_missing_coordinates_without_coordinates_on_Wikidata" title="Category:Articles missing coordinates without coordinates on Wikidata">Articles missing coordinates without coordinates on Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 17 July 2024, at 13:04<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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