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vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Farawa</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Magnetic_kamfas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Magnetic_kamfas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Magnetic kamfas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Magnetic_kamfas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kamfas_ɗin_da_ba_na_maganadisu_ba" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kamfas_ɗin_da_ba_na_maganadisu_ba"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Kamfas ɗin da ba na maganadisu ba</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Kamfas_ɗin_da_ba_na_maganadisu_ba-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Kamfas ɗin da ba na maganadisu ba subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Kamfas_ɗin_da_ba_na_maganadisu_ba-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Gyrocompass" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gyrocompass"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Gyrocompass</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gyrocompass-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ana_amfani_da_masu_karɓar_GPS_azaman_compasses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ana_amfani_da_masu_karɓar_GPS_azaman_compasses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Ana amfani da masu karɓar GPS azaman compasses</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ana_amfani_da_masu_karɓar_GPS_azaman_compasses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tarihi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tarihi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Tarihi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tarihi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kamfas_na_zamani" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kamfas_na_zamani"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Kamfas na zamani</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Kamfas_na_zamani-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Kamfas na zamani subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Kamfas_na_zamani-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Magnetic_Kamfas_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Magnetic_Kamfas_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Magnetic Kamfas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Magnetic_Kamfas_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Duba_kuma" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Duba_kuma"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Duba kuma</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Duba_kuma-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hanyoyin_haɗi_na_waje" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hanyoyin_haɗi_na_waje"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Hanyoyin haɗi na waje</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hanyoyin_haɗi_na_waje-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Manazarta" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Manazarta"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Manazarta</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Manazarta-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kamfas</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Je zuwa maƙala domin wani harshen. Akwai a 121 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-121" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">121 harsuna</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompas" title="Kompas – Afirkanci" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Kompas" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afirkanci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruixula" title="Bruixula – Aragonesanci" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Bruixula" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonesanci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%A6ranf%C3%A6%C3%BEm" title="Færanfæþm – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Færanfæþm" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B5%D9%84%D8%A9" title="بوصلة – Larabci" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بوصلة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Larabci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Br%C3%BAxula" title="Brúxula – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Brúxula" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompas" title="Kompas – Azerbaijanci" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kompas" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijanci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%88%D8%B7%D8%A8%E2%80%8C%DA%AF%D8%A4%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86" title="قوطب‌گؤسترن – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="قوطب‌گؤسترن" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Компас – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Компас" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Компас – Belarusanci" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Компас" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusanci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Компас – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Компас" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Компас – Bulgariyanci" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Компас" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgariyanci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="कुतुबनुमा – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="कुतुबनुमा" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8" title="কম্পাস – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কম্পাস" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nadoz-vor" title="Nadoz-vor – Buretananci" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Nadoz-vor" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Buretananci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompas" title="Kompas – Bosniyanci" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Kompas" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosniyanci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Луужин – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Луужин" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Br%C3%BAixola" title="Brúixola – Kataloniyanci" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Brúixola" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Kataloniyanci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B2%CC%A4-bu%C3%A0ng" title="Lò̤-buàng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Lò̤-buàng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%DB%8C%D8%A8%D9%84%DB%95%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7" title="قیبلەنما – Kurdawa ta Tsakiya" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="قیبلەنما" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurdawa ta Tsakiya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompas" title="Kompas – Cek" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kompas" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Cek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Компас – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Компас" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cwmpawd" title="Cwmpawd – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cwmpawd" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompas" title="Kompas – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kompas" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompass" title="Kompass – Jamusanci" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kompass" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jamusanci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%85%CE%BE%CE%AF%CE%B4%CE%B1" title="Πυξίδα – Girkanci" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πυξίδα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Girkanci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compass" title="Compass – Turanci" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Compass" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Turanci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompaso" title="Kompaso – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kompaso" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Br%C3%BAjula" title="Brújula – Sifaniyanci" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Brújula" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Sifaniyanci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompass" title="Kompass – Istoniyanci" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kompass" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Istoniyanci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iparrorratz" title="Iparrorratz – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Iparrorratz" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%A8%E2%80%8C%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7" title="قطب‌نما – Farisa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="قطب‌نما" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Farisa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompassi" title="Kompassi – Yaren mutanen Finland" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kompassi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Yaren mutanen Finland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kumpass" title="Kumpass – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Kumpass" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boussole" title="Boussole – Faransanci" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Boussole" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Faransanci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompaas" title="Kompaas – Firisiyanci na Arewaci" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Kompaas" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Firisiyanci na Arewaci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompas" title="Kompas – Frisian ta Yamma" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Kompas" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Frisian ta Yamma" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comp%C3%A1s" title="Compás – Dan Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Compás" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Dan Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E7%9B%A4" title="羅盤 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="羅盤" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konpa_(navigasyon)" title="Konpa (navigasyon) – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Konpa (navigasyon)" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Combaist" title="Combaist – Kʼabilan Scots Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Combaist" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Kʼabilan Scots Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comp%C3%A1s_(navegaci%C3%B3n)" title="Compás (navegación) – Bagalike" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Compás (navegación)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Bagalike" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B9%E0%AB%8B%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%A4%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B0" title="હોકાયંત્ર – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="હોકાયંત્ર" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A6%D7%A4%D7%9F" title="מצפן – Ibrananci" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מצפן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrananci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%95" title="दिक्सूचक – Harshen Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="दिक्सूचक" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Harshen Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompas" title="Kompas – Kuroshiyan" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kompas" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kuroshiyan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ir%C3%A1nyt%C5%B1" title="Iránytű – Harshen Hungari" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Iránytű" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Harshen Hungari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%B8%D5%B2%D5%B4%D5%B6%D5%A1%D6%81%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B5%D6%81" title="Կողմնացույց – Armeniyanci" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կողմնացույց" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeniyanci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bussola" title="Bussola – Yare Tsakanin Kasashe" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Bussola" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Yare Tsakanin Kasashe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompas" title="Kompas – Harshen Indunusiya" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kompas" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Harshen Indunusiya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Busolo" title="Busolo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Busolo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81ttaviti" title="Áttaviti – Yaren mutanen Iceland" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Áttaviti" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Yaren mutanen Iceland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bussola" title="Bussola – Italiyanci" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Bussola" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiyanci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%B9%E4%BD%8D%E7%A3%81%E9%87%9D" title="方位磁針 – Japananci" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="方位磁針" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japananci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompas" title="Kompas – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Kompas" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/makfartci" title="makfartci – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="makfartci" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pandom" title="Pandom – Jafananci" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Pandom" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Jafananci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="კომპასი – Jojiyanci" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კომპასი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Jojiyanci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompas" title="Kompas – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Kompas" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Busula" title="Busula – Kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Busula" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Компас – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Компас" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%8F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%90%E1%9E%99" title="ត្រីវិស័យ – Harshen Kimar" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ត្រីវិស័យ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Harshen Kimar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%9A%E0%B2%BF" title="ದಿಕ್ಸೂಚಿ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ದಿಕ್ಸೂಚಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%82%98%EC%B9%A8%EB%B0%98" title="나침반 – Harshen Koreya" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="나침반" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Harshen Koreya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Компас – Kirgizanci" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Компас" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgizanci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyxis_nautica" title="Pyxis nautica – Dan Kabilar Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Pyxis nautica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Dan Kabilar Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%82%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%94" title="ເຂັມທິດ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ເຂັມທິດ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompasas" title="Kompasas – Lituweniyanci" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kompasas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lituweniyanci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompass" title="Kompass – Latbiyanci" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kompass" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latbiyanci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tondroavaratra" title="Tondroavaratra – Malagasi" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Tondroavaratra" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Компас – Dan Masedoniya" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Компас" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Dan Masedoniya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="വടക്കുനോക്കിയന്ത്രം – Malayalamci" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വടക്കുനോക്കിയന്ത്രം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalamci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Луужин – Mongoliyanci" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Луужин" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongoliyanci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="होकायंत्र – Maratinci" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="होकायंत्र" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Maratinci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompas" title="Kompas – Harshen Malai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kompas" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Harshen Malai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%BAssola" title="Bússola – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Bússola" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%B6%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AD%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%BE%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA" title="သံလိုက်အိမ်မြှောင် – Burmanci" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="သံလိုက်အိမ်မြှောင်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmanci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8" title="कम्पास – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="कम्पास" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompas" title="Kompas – Holanci" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Kompas" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Holanci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompass" title="Kompass – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kompass" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompass" title="Kompass – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kompass" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compas" title="Compas – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Compas" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boss%C3%B2la" title="Bossòla – Ositanci" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Bossòla" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Ositanci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koompaasii" title="Koompaasii – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Koompaasii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%95%E0%AC%AE%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%AA%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%B8" title="କମ୍ପାସ – Odiya" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="କମ୍ପାସ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odiya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%9A%E0%A8%95" title="ਦਿਸ਼ਾ ਸੂਚਕ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਦਿਸ਼ਾ ਸੂਚਕ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paraluman" title="Paraluman – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Paraluman" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compas" title="Compas – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Compas" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompas_magnetyczny" title="Kompas magnetyczny – Harshen Polan" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kompas magnetyczny" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Harshen Polan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%A8_%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7" title="قطب نما – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="قطب نما" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%A8_%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7" title="قطب نما – Pashtanci" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="قطب نما" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashtanci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%BAssola" title="Bússola – Harshen Potugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Bússola" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Harshen Potugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suyu_rikuchiq" title="Suyu rikuchiq – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Suyu rikuchiq" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Busol%C4%83" title="Busolă – Romaniyanci" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Busolă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romaniyanci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Компас – Rashanci" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Компас" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rashanci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%A8_%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7" title="قطب نما – Sindiyanci" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="قطب نما" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindiyanci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompas" title="Kompas – Kuroweshiyancin-Sabiya" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kompas" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Kuroweshiyancin-Sabiya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="මාලිමාව – Sinhalanci" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="මාලිමාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhalanci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compass" title="Compass – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Compass" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompas" title="Kompas – Basulke" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kompas" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Basulke" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompas" title="Kompas – Basulabe" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kompas" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Basulabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Busulla" title="Busulla – Albaniyanci" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Busulla" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albaniyanci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Компас – Sabiyan" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Компас" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Sabiyan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompas" title="Kompas – Harshen Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Kompas" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Harshen Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompass" title="Kompass – Harshen Suwedan" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kompass" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Harshen Suwedan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dira" title="Dira – Harshen Suwahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Dira" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Harshen Suwahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF" title="திசைகாட்டி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="திசைகாட்டி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%BF" title="దిక్సూచి – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="దిక్సూచి" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Компас – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Компас" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A8" title="เข็มทิศ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เข็มทิศ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aguhon_(panturo)" title="Aguhon (panturo) – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Aguhon (panturo)" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pusula" title="Pusula – Harshen Turkiyya" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Pusula" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Harshen Turkiyya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Компас – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Компас" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Компас – Harshen Yukuren" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Компас" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Harshen Yukuren" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%A8_%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7" title="قطب نما – Urdanci" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="قطب نما" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdanci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompas" title="Kompas – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kompas" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_b%C3%A0n" title="La bàn – Harshen Biyetinam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="La bàn" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Harshen Biyetinam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kompas" title="Kompas – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Kompas" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8C%87%E5%8D%97%E9%92%88" title="指南针 – Sinancin Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="指南针" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Sinancin Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%A1" title="קאמפאס – Yaren Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="קאמפאס" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yaren Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8C%87%E5%8D%97%E9%92%88" title="指南针 – Harshen Sinanci" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="指南针" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Harshen Sinanci" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E7%B6%93" title="羅經 – Harshen Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="羅經" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Harshen Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q34735#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Gyara hanyoyin mahaɗar harshen" class="wbc-editpage">Gyara hanyoyin mahaɗar</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Sarari"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kamfas" title="Duba shafin bayannai [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Shafi</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tattaunawa:Kamfas&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Mahawara kan shafin bayannai (babu wannan shafin) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Tattaunawa</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Sauya bambancin harshe" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Hausa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kamfas"><span>Karanta</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kamfas&veaction=edit" title="Gyara wannan shafi [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Gyara</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kamfas&action=edit" title="Edit the source code of this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Gyara masomi</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kamfas&action=history"><span>Duba tarihi</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Musamman:WhatLinksHere/Kamfas" title="Jerin duk shafunan Wiki da ke da mahaɗi a nan [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Mahaɗan wannan shafi</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Musamman:RecentChangesLinked/Kamfas" rel="nofollow" title="Sauye-sauyen baya-bayan nan a shafuna masu mahaɗi daga wannan shafi [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Canje-canje masu dangantaka</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=ha" title="Girke fayiloli [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Girke fayil</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Musamman:SpecialPages" title="Jerin duk shafuna na musamman [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Shafuka na musamman</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kamfas&oldid=511425" title="Mahaɗin dindindin zuwa ga zubin baya na wannan shafi"><span>Dawwamammen mahaɗi</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kamfas&action=info" title="More information about this 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colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;background-color: #DADADA;"><span style="float:left;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Wikidata.svg/20px-Wikidata.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Wikidata.svg/30px-Wikidata.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Wikidata.svg/40px-Wikidata.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="288" /></span></span></span>kamfas</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"> <span typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fayil:Plastic-compass.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Plastic-compass.jpg/300px-Plastic-compass.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Plastic-compass.jpg/450px-Plastic-compass.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Plastic-compass.jpg/600px-Plastic-compass.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color: #DADADA;">Bayanai</th></tr><tr><th scope="row">Ƙaramin ɓangare na</th><td> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1780422" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q1780422"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">navigational instrument</span></a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1780422?uselang=ha" title="Fassara"><img alt="Fassara" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1273815" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q1273815"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">bearing</span></a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1273815?uselang=ha" title="Fassara"><img alt="Fassara" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span>, <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q122276631" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q122276631"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">orientation</span></a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q122276631?uselang=ha" title="Fassara"><img alt="Fassara" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span> da <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q16710285" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q16710285"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">Q16710285</span></a> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16710285?uselang=ha" title="Fassara"><img alt="Fassara" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Tarihin maudu'i</th><td> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q25230946" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q25230946"><span style="color:#5f9cbb;">history of the compass</span></a> <sup>(en)</sup> <span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25230946?uselang=ha" title="Fassara"><img alt="Fassara" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/10px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/15px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg/20px-Noun_Project_label_icon_1116097_cc_mirror.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="158" data-file-height="161" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fayil:2016_Busola.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="compass with a slit at cover and looking hole" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/2016_Busola.JPG/220px-2016_Busola.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="198" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/2016_Busola.JPG/330px-2016_Busola.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/2016_Busola.JPG/440px-2016_Busola.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2513" data-file-height="2262" /></a><figcaption> Kamfas na soja na zamani, tare da haɗa na'urar gani don daidaitawa</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fayil:%C3%81lvarez_de_la_Campa_6.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/%C3%81lvarez_de_la_Campa_6.jpg/220px-%C3%81lvarez_de_la_Campa_6.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/%C3%81lvarez_de_la_Campa_6.jpg/330px-%C3%81lvarez_de_la_Campa_6.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/%C3%81lvarez_de_la_Campa_6.jpg/440px-%C3%81lvarez_de_la_Campa_6.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2892" data-file-height="1575" /></a><figcaption>Magwajin kusurwa</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fayil:Kompas_Sofia.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Kompas_Sofia.JPG/220px-Kompas_Sofia.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Kompas_Sofia.JPG/330px-Kompas_Sofia.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Kompas_Sofia.JPG/440px-Kompas_Sofia.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>Compass</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fayil:Olof_Hanssen_compass_Huolintatalo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Olof_Hanssen_compass_Huolintatalo.jpg/220px-Olof_Hanssen_compass_Huolintatalo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Olof_Hanssen_compass_Huolintatalo.jpg/330px-Olof_Hanssen_compass_Huolintatalo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Olof_Hanssen_compass_Huolintatalo.jpg/440px-Olof_Hanssen_compass_Huolintatalo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4636" data-file-height="3076" /></a><figcaption>Kamfas</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Kamfas</b> shi ne na'urar da ke nuna kwatance kwatancen da aka yi amfani da su don kewayawa da daidaita yanayin ƙasa. Yawanci yana ƙunshe da allura mai maganadisu ko wani abu, kamar katin kampas ko furen kampas, wanda zai iya daidaita kansa da Magnetic arewa . Ana iya amfani da wasu hanyoyin, gami da gyroscopes, magnetometers, da masu karɓar GPS . </p><p>Kwamfuta sau da yawa suna nuna kusurwoyi a cikin digiri: arewa yayi dai-dai da 0 °, kuma kusurwoyi suna karuwa a agogo, don haka gabas shine 90 °, kudu shine 180 °, yamma kuma 270 °. Waɗannan lambobin suna ba da damar kamfas ɗin don nuna azimuths ko bearings waɗanda galibi ana bayyana su a cikin digiri. Idan an san bambancin gida tsakanin Magnetic arewa da arewa ta gaskiya, to, alƙiblar maganaɗisu ita ma tana ba da shugabanci na gaskiya arewa. </p><p>Daga cikin manyan abubuwan ƙirƙire-kirkire guda hudu, daular Song ta kasar Sin ta fara kera kamfas din a matsayin na'urar duba tun farkon daular Han ta kasar Sin (tun c. 206 BC), <sup id="cite_ref-Li_Shu-hua,_p._176_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Li_Shu-hua,_p._176-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> daga baya kuma daular Song ta kasar Sin ta karbe shi don kewayawa. Karni na 11. <sup id="cite_ref-Barbara_M._Kreutz_367_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barbara_M._Kreutz_367-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-Li_Shu-hua,_p._182f_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Li_Shu-hua,_p._182f-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Farkon amfani da kamfas da aka rubuta a Yammacin Turai da <a href="/wiki/Duniyar_Musulunci" title="Duniyar Musulunci">duniyar Musulunci</a> ya faru ne a shekara ta 1190. <sup id="cite_ref-Barbara_M._Kreutz_370_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barbara_M._Kreutz_370-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Magnetic_kamfas">Magnetic kamfas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kamfas&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Gyara sashe: Magnetic kamfas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>gyara sashe</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kamfas&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Magnetic kamfas"><span>gyara masomin</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fayil:Military_Compass_of_J._Lindsay_Brough.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Military_Compass_of_J._Lindsay_Brough.jpg/220px-Military_Compass_of_J._Lindsay_Brough.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Military_Compass_of_J._Lindsay_Brough.jpg/330px-Military_Compass_of_J._Lindsay_Brough.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Military_Compass_of_J._Lindsay_Brough.jpg/440px-Military_Compass_of_J._Lindsay_Brough.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1067" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption> Kamfas na soja da aka yi amfani da shi a lokacin <a href="/wiki/Ya%C6%99in_Duniya_na_I" title="Yaƙin Duniya na I">yakin duniya na</a> daya</figcaption></figure> <p>Kamfas ɗin maganaɗisu shine nau'in kamfas ɗin da aka fi sani. Yana aiki a matsayin mai nuni zuwa " Magnetic arewa ", ma'aunin maganaɗisu na gida, saboda allura mai maganadisu a zuciyarta tana daidaita kanta da sassan da ke kwance na filin maganadisu na duniya . Filin maganadisu yana yin juzu'i akan allura, yana jan ƙarshen Arewa ko <i>sandar</i> allurar kusan zuwa ga duniyar maganadisu ta Arewa, kuma yana jan ɗayan zuwa igiyar maganadisu ta Kudu ta Duniya. <sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ana ɗora allurar a kan madaidaicin juzu'i, a cikin mafi kyawun kompas ɗin juzu'i, don haka yana iya juyawa cikin sauƙi. Lokacin da kamfas ɗin ya kasance matakin, allurar tana juyawa har sai bayan ƴan daƙiƙa don ƙyale jijiyoyi su mutu, ta zauna cikin daidaitawarta. </p><p>A kewayawa, kwatance akan taswirori yawanci ana bayyana su tare da la'akari da yanki ko arewa na gaskiya, alƙiblar zuwa Yankin Arewa Pole, jujjuyawar axis na Duniya. Dangane da inda kamfas ɗin yake saman duniya kusurwar tsakanin arewa ta gaskiya da arewa mai maganadisu, wanda ake kira raguwar maganadisu na iya bambanta ko'ina tare da wurin yanki. Ana ba da raguwar maganadisu na gida akan yawancin taswirori, don ba da damar taswirar ta daidaita tare da kamfas mai layi ɗaya zuwa arewa na gaskiya. Wuraren sandunan maganaɗisu na duniya suna canzawa sannu a hankali tare da lokaci, wanda ake magana da shi azaman bambancin duniya na geomagnetic . Tasirin wannan yana nufin taswira tare da sabbin bayanan raguwa yakamata a yi amfani da su. Wasu compass na maganadisu sun haɗa da hanyoyin da za a biya da hannu don raguwar maganadisu, ta yadda kamfas ɗin ya nuna kwatance na gaskiya. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kamfas_ɗin_da_ba_na_maganadisu_ba"><span id="Kamfas_.C9.97in_da_ba_na_maganadisu_ba"></span>Kamfas ɗin da ba na maganadisu ba</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kamfas&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Gyara sashe: Kamfas ɗin da ba na maganadisu ba" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>gyara sashe</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kamfas&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Kamfas ɗin da ba na maganadisu ba"><span>gyara masomin</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Akwai wasu hanyoyin samun arewa fiye da amfani da maganadisu, kuma daga mahangar kewayawa jimillar hanyoyi guda bakwai masu yuwuwa akwai (inda maganadisu ɗaya ce daga cikin bakwai). Na'urori masu auna firikwensin guda biyu waɗanda ke amfani da biyu daga cikin sauran ƙa'idodi shida galibi ana kiran su kompas, watau gyrocompass da GPS-compass. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gyrocompass">Gyrocompass</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kamfas&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Gyara sashe: Gyrocompass" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>gyara sashe</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kamfas&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Gyrocompass"><span>gyara masomin</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Gyrocompass</i> yayi kama da gyroscope . Kamfas ɗin da ba na maganaɗisu ba ne wanda ke gano gaskiya ta arewa ta hanyar amfani da dabaran mai sauri (mai ƙarfin lantarki) da ƙarfin juzu'i don yin amfani da jujjuyawar Duniya. Ana amfani da gyrocompasses sosai akan <a href="/wiki/Jirgin_Ruwa" title="Jirgin Ruwa">jiragen ruwa</a> . Suna da manyan fa'idodi guda biyu akan kamfas ɗin maganaɗisu su ne kamar haka: </p> <ul><li>sun sami <i>arewa na gaskiya</i>, watau, alkiblar jujjuyawar <a href="/wiki/Duniya" title="Duniya">duniya</a>, sabanin arewa mai maganadisu ,</li> <li>Karfe na ferromagnetic (ciki har da baƙin ƙarfe, ƙarfe, cobalt, nickel, da sauran allurai daban-daban) ba su shafe su a cikin tarkacen jirgin ruwa. (Babu kompas da ƙarfe mara ƙarfe ba ya shafa, kodayake kompas ɗin maganadisu zai shafi kowane irin wayoyi tare da wutar lantarki da ke wucewa ta cikin su. )</li></ul> <p>Manya-manyan jiragen ruwa yawanci suna dogara ne akan gyrocompass, suna amfani da kamfas ɗin maganadisu kawai azaman madadin. Ƙarawa, ana amfani da kwamfutoci masu jujjuyawar lantarki akan ƙananan tasoshin. Duk da haka, Magnetic compasses har yanzu ana amfani da su sosai saboda suna iya zama ƙanana, suna amfani da fasaha mai sauƙi mai dogara, suna da arha mai sauƙi, sau da yawa sauƙin amfani fiye da GPS, suna buƙatar samar da makamashi, kuma ba kamar GPS ba, abubuwa ba su shafar su, misali bishiyoyi, wanda zai iya toshe karɓar siginar lantarki. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ana_amfani_da_masu_karɓar_GPS_azaman_compasses"><span id="Ana_amfani_da_masu_kar.C9.93ar_GPS_azaman_compasses"></span>Ana amfani da masu karɓar GPS azaman compasses</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kamfas&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Gyara sashe: Ana amfani da masu karɓar GPS azaman compasses" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>gyara sashe</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kamfas&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Ana amfani da masu karɓar GPS azaman compasses"><span>gyara masomin</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Masu karɓar GPS ta amfani da eriya biyu ko fiye da aka ɗora su daban tare da haɗa bayanai tare da naúrar motsi marar aiki (IMU) yanzu za su iya cimma 0.02° a daidaitattun kantuna kuma suna da lokutan farawa cikin daƙiƙa maimakon sa'o'i don tsarin gyrocompass. Na'urorin suna tantance daidaitattun matsayi (latitudes, longitudes da tsayi) na eriya a Duniya, daga inda za'a iya ƙididdige kwatancen kwatance. An kera su da farko don aikace-aikacen jiragen ruwa da na jiragen sama, kuma suna iya gano farar jirgi da nadi. Ƙananan masu karɓar GPS mai ɗaukar hoto tare da eriya ɗaya kawai na iya ƙayyade kwatance idan ana motsa su, koda kuwa a cikin tafiyar tafiya kawai. Ta hanyar tantance matsayinta daidai a duniya a wasu lokutan dakika kadan tsakani, na'urar zata iya lissafin saurinta da kuma ainihin abin da ya faru (dangane da <i>arewa na gaskiya</i> ) na alkiblarta. Yawancin lokaci, yana da kyau a auna alkiblar da abin hawa ke tafiya a zahiri, maimakon hanyarsa, watau hanyar da hancinsa yake nunawa. Waɗannan kwatance na iya bambanta idan akwai iskar gilla ko igiyar ruwa. </p><p>Kamfas na GPS suna raba manyan fa'idodin gyrocompasses. Sun tabbatar da Arewa ta gaskiya, <sup id="cite_ref-JournalOfNavigation2016_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JournalOfNavigation2016-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sabanin Arewa Magnetic, kuma ba su shafe su da rugujewar filin maganadisu na Duniya. Bugu da ƙari, idan aka kwatanta da gyrocompasses, suna da rahusa sosai, suna aiki mafi kyau a yankunan polar, ba su da wahala a shawo kan girgizar injin, kuma ana iya fara farawa da sauri da sauri. Koyaya, sun dogara da aiki, da sadarwa tare da, tauraron dan adam GPS, waɗanda za a iya rushe su ta hanyar harin lantarki ko kuma sakamakon mummunar guguwar rana. Gyrocompasses suna ci gaba da amfani da su don dalilai na soji (musamman a cikin jiragen ruwa na karkashin ruwa, inda magnetic da GPS compasses ba su da amfani), amma an maye gurbinsu da kwamfutocin GPS, tare da madogaran maganadisu, a cikin mahallin farar hula. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tarihi">Tarihi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kamfas&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Gyara sashe: Tarihi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>gyara sashe</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kamfas&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Tarihi"><span>gyara masomin</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fayil:Southern_Song_Figure_Holding_Land_Compass_(9872744925).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Southern_Song_Figure_Holding_Land_Compass_%289872744925%29.jpg/220px-Southern_Song_Figure_Holding_Land_Compass_%289872744925%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Southern_Song_Figure_Holding_Land_Compass_%289872744925%29.jpg/330px-Southern_Song_Figure_Holding_Land_Compass_%289872744925%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Southern_Song_Figure_Holding_Land_Compass_%289872744925%29.jpg/440px-Southern_Song_Figure_Holding_Land_Compass_%289872744925%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="3888" /></a><figcaption> Hoton mutumin da ke riƙe da kamfas, daular Song</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fayil:Model_Si_Nan_of_Han_Dynasty.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Model_Si_Nan_of_Han_Dynasty.jpg/220px-Model_Si_Nan_of_Han_Dynasty.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Model_Si_Nan_of_Han_Dynasty.jpg/330px-Model_Si_Nan_of_Han_Dynasty.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Model_Si_Nan_of_Han_Dynasty.jpg/440px-Model_Si_Nan_of_Han_Dynasty.jpg 2x" data-file-width="839" data-file-height="573" /></a><figcaption> Samfurin kamfas na dutse daga daular Han</figcaption></figure> <p>Kamfas na farko a zamanin daular Han na kasar Sin an yi su ne da dutsen lode, wani ma'adinin ƙarfe da aka yi da shi ta dabi'a. <sup id="cite_ref-guarnieri_7-1_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guarnieri_7-1-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Daga baya an yi kamfas da allurar ƙarfe, magnetized ta hanyar buga su da dutse mai tsayi, wanda ya bayyana a kasar Sin ta 1088 a lokacin daular Song, kamar yadda Shen Kuo ya bayyana. Busassun compass sun fara bayyana kusan a shekara ta 1300 a Turai ta Tsakiya da <a href="/wiki/Duniyar_Musulunci" title="Duniyar Musulunci">Duniyar Musulunci</a> . An maye gurbin wannan a farkon karni na 20 ta hanyar kamfas mai cike da ruwa. <sup id="cite_ref-W._H._Creak_238-239_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-W._H._Creak_238-239-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kamfas_na_zamani">Kamfas na zamani</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kamfas&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Gyara sashe: Kamfas na zamani" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>gyara sashe</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kamfas&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Kamfas na zamani"><span>gyara masomin</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fayil:Walkers_compass_arp.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Walkers_compass_arp.jpg/220px-Walkers_compass_arp.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="317" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Walkers_compass_arp.jpg/330px-Walkers_compass_arp.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Walkers_compass_arp.jpg/440px-Walkers_compass_arp.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1238" data-file-height="1785" /></a><figcaption> Mai sarrafa ruwa mai cike da ruwa ko kamfas mai kaifin baki tare da lanyard</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Magnetic_Kamfas_2">Magnetic Kamfas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kamfas&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Gyara sashe: Magnetic Kamfas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>gyara sashe</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kamfas&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Magnetic Kamfas"><span>gyara masomin</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kamfas na zamani yawanci suna amfani da allura mai maganaɗisu ko bugun kira a cikin capsule gaba ɗaya cike da ruwa (man fitila, man ma'adinai, farin ruhohi, kerosene mai tsafta, ko barasa na ethyl sun zama ruwan dare). Yayin da tsofaffin ƙira suka haɗa da diaphragm na roba mai sassauƙa ko sararin sama a cikin capsule don ba da izinin canjin ƙarar da ke haifar da zafin jiki ko tsayi, wasu kwamfutocin ruwa na zamani suna amfani da ƙananan gidaje da/ko kayan capsule masu sassauƙa don cimma sakamako iri ɗaya. <sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ruwan da ke cikin capsule yana aiki don dasa motsin allurar, yana rage lokacin oscillation da haɓaka kwanciyar hankali. Maɓalli masu mahimmanci akan kamfas, gami da ƙarshen ƙarshen allura galibi ana yiwa alama da phosphorescent, photoluminescent, ko kayan haske mai haske don ba da damar karanta komfas da dare ko cikin haske mara kyau. Kamar yadda komfas ɗin cika ruwa ba shi da ƙarfi a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba, yawancin kwamfutoci masu cika ruwa da yawa za su yi aiki daidai ƙarƙashin ruwa zuwa zurfin zurfi. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Duba_kuma">Duba kuma</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kamfas&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Gyara sashe: Duba kuma" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>gyara sashe</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kamfas&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Duba kuma"><span>gyara masomin</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>  </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hanyoyin_haɗi_na_waje"><span id="Hanyoyin_ha.C9.97i_na_waje"></span>Hanyoyin haɗi na waje</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kamfas&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Gyara sashe: Hanyoyin haɗi na waje" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>gyara sashe</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kamfas&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Hanyoyin haɗi na waje"><span>gyara masomin</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://msi.nga.mil/MSISiteContent/StaticFiles/HoMCA.pdf">Littafin Jagora na Daidaita Compass na Magnetic</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190529102504/http://msi.nga.mil/MSISiteContent/StaticFiles/HoMCA.pdf">Archived</a> 2019-05-29 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li>Paul J. Gans, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20031216131745/http://scholar.chem.nyu.edu/tekpages/compass.html">Shafukan Fasaha na Tsakiya: Compass</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://zapatopi.net/kelvin/papers/the_tides.html">Lakcar Maraice Zuwa Ga Ƙungiyar Biritaniya A Taron Southampton ranar Juma'a, 25 ga Agusta, 1882</a> . Yana nufin gyaran kamfas ta jerin Fourier.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Manazarta">Manazarta</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kamfas&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Gyara sashe: Manazarta" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>gyara sashe</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kamfas&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Manazarta"><span>gyara masomin</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Li_Shu-hua,_p._176-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Li_Shu-hua,_p._176_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Compass&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Compass (babu wannan shafin)">Li Shu-hua</a>, p. 176</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Barbara_M._Kreutz_367-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Barbara_M._Kreutz_367_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Compass&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Compass (babu wannan shafin)">Kreutz</a>, p. 367</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Li_Shu-hua,_p._182f-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Li_Shu-hua,_p._182f_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Compass&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Compass (babu wannan shafin)">Li Shu-hua</a>, p. 182f.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Barbara_M._Kreutz_370-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Barbara_M._Kreutz_370_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Compass&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Compass (babu wannan shafin)">Kreutz</a>, p. 370</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">The magnetic lines of force in the Earth's field do not accurately follow great circles around the planet, passing exactly over the magnetic poles. Therefore the needle of a compass only approximately points to the magnetic poles.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JournalOfNavigation2016-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-JournalOfNavigation2016_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><span class="cs1-visible-error error citation-comment">Empty citation (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Taimako:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taimako:CS1 errors (babu wannan shafin)">help</a>)</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fha.wikipedia.org%3AKamfas" class="Z3988"></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r73326">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-guarnieri_7-1-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-guarnieri_7-1_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><span class="cs1-visible-error error citation-comment">Empty citation (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Taimako:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taimako:CS1 errors (babu wannan shafin)">help</a>)</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fha.wikipedia.org%3AKamfas" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r73326"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-W._H._Creak_238-239-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-W._H._Creak_238-239_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><span class="cs1-visible-error error citation-comment">Empty citation (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Taimako:CS1_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taimako:CS1 errors (babu wannan shafin)">help</a>)</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fha.wikipedia.org%3AKamfas" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r73326"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Gear Review: Kasper & Richter Alpin Compass</i>, OceanMountainSky.Com</span> </li> </ol></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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