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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Western Christian practice</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Western_Christian_practice-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Western Christian practice subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Western_Christian_practice-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Latin_Catholic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Latin_Catholic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Latin Catholic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Latin_Catholic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Anglican_and_Methodist" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Anglican_and_Methodist"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Anglican and Methodist</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Anglican_and_Methodist-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lutheran" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lutheran"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Lutheran</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lutheran-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Presbyterian" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Presbyterian"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Presbyterian</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Presbyterian-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eastern_Christian_practice" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eastern_Christian_practice"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Eastern Christian practice</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Eastern_Christian_practice-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Eastern Christian practice subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Eastern_Christian_practice-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Types_of_Eastern_cassocks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Types_of_Eastern_cassocks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Types of Eastern cassocks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Types_of_Eastern_cassocks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Eastern_Catholic_and_Orthodox_examples" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eastern_Catholic_and_Orthodox_examples"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.1</span> <span>Eastern Catholic and Orthodox examples</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eastern_Catholic_and_Orthodox_examples-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Oriental_Orthodox_examples" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oriental_Orthodox_examples"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.2</span> <span>Oriental Orthodox examples</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oriental_Orthodox_examples-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Non-clerical_17th-century_garment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Non-clerical_17th-century_garment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Non-clerical 17th-century garment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Non-clerical_17th-century_garment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" 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Available in 41 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-41" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">41 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%86" title="رداء الكاهن – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="رداء الكاهن" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vat%C3%B5puku" title="Vatõpuku – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Vatõpuku" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Сутана – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сутана" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sotana" title="Sotana – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Sotana" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%C4%83" title="Суттанă – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Суттанă" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klerika" title="Klerika – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Klerika" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A6stekjole" title="Præstekjole – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Præstekjole" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soutane" title="Soutane – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Soutane" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sutaan" title="Sutaan – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Sutaan" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sotana" title="Sotana – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sotana" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sutano" title="Sutano – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sutano" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sotana" title="Sotana – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Sotana" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A8%D8%A7_(%D9%85%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AD%DB%8C%D8%AA)" title="قبا (مسیحیت) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="قبا (مسیحیت)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soutane" title="Soutane – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Soutane" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%88%98%EB%8B%A8_(%EA%B8%B0%EB%8F%85%EA%B5%90)" title="수단 (기독교) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="수단 (기독교)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverenda" title="Reverenda – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Reverenda" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sutano" title="Sutano – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Sutano" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jubah_(Kekristenan)" title="Jubah (Kekristenan) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Jubah (Kekristenan)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abito_talare" title="Abito talare – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Abito talare" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sutana" title="Sutana – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Sutana" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soutane" title="Soutane – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Soutane" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sutana" title="Sutana – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Sutana" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sotana_(cler)" title="Sotana (cler) – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Sotana (cler)" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverenda" title="Reverenda – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Reverenda" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B3%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B9" title="ളോഹ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ളോഹ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soutane" title="Soutane – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Soutane" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AD%E3%83%A3%E3%82%BD%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF" title="キャソック – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="キャソック" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prestekjole" title="Prestekjole – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Prestekjole" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sutanna" title="Sutanna – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Sutanna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batina" title="Batina – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Batina" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Сутана – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сутана" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cassock" title="Cassock – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Cassock" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverenda" title="Reverenda – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Reverenda" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talar" title="Talar – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Talar" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Мантија – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Мантија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaftaani_(papin_puku)" title="Kaftaani (papin puku) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kaftaani (papin puku)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kassock" title="Kassock – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kassock" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%BCbbe" title="Cübbe – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Cübbe" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Сутана – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сутана" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81o_cassock" title="Áo cassock – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Áo cassock" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E8%A1%A3_(%E5%9F%BA%E7%9D%A3%E6%95%99)" title="法衣 (基督教) – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="法衣 (基督教)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q324708#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Cassock" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Cassock" rel="discussion" title="Discuss 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Christian clerical coat</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Cossacks" title="Cossacks">Cossacks</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Cassock" title="Special:EditPage/Cassock">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Cassock%22">"Cassock"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Cassock%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Cassock%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Cassock%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Cassock%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Cassock%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2022</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cassock_priest_french_african.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Cassock_priest_french_african.jpg/220px-Cassock_priest_french_african.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="329" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fb/Cassock_priest_french_african.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="449" /></a><figcaption>First native Catholic priest in the <a href="/wiki/Belgian_Congo" title="Belgian Congo">Belgian Congo</a>, wearing a Roman cassock with the standard 33 buttons. Early 1900s.</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output 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.legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Formal_wear" title="Category:Formal wear">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Western_dress_codes" title="Western dress codes">Western dress codes</a><br />and corresponding <a href="/wiki/Clothing" title="Clothing">attires</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#ebebeb;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Formal_wear" title="Formal wear">Formal</a> (<a href="/wiki/Western_dress_codes#Full_dress,_half_dress,_and_undress" title="Western dress codes">full dress</a>)</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:white; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/White_tie" title="White tie">White tie</a> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Moon_at_night.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Moon_at_night.svg/13px-Moon_at_night.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Moon_at_night.svg/20px-Moon_at_night.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Moon_at_night.svg/26px-Moon_at_night.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morning_dress" title="Morning dress">Morning dress</a> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emoji_u2600.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Emoji_u2600.svg/13px-Emoji_u2600.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Emoji_u2600.svg/20px-Emoji_u2600.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Emoji_u2600.svg/26px-Emoji_u2600.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Full_dress_uniform" title="Full dress uniform">Full dress uniform</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Frock_coat" title="Frock coat">Frock coat</a></i> <span class="mw-default-size noviewer skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Male_symbol_(black).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Male_symbol_%28black%29.svg/14px-Male_symbol_%28black%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Male_symbol_%28black%29.svg/21px-Male_symbol_%28black%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Male_symbol_%28black%29.svg/28px-Male_symbol_%28black%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evening_gown" title="Evening gown">Evening gown</a> <span class="mw-default-size noviewer skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Female_symbol_(black).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Female_symbol_%28black%29.svg/14px-Female_symbol_%28black%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Female_symbol_%28black%29.svg/21px-Female_symbol_%28black%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Female_symbol_%28black%29.svg/28px-Female_symbol_%28black%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ball_gown" title="Ball gown">Ball gown</a> <span class="mw-default-size noviewer skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Female_symbol_(black).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Female_symbol_%28black%29.svg/14px-Female_symbol_%28black%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Female_symbol_%28black%29.svg/21px-Female_symbol_%28black%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Female_symbol_%28black%29.svg/28px-Female_symbol_%28black%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#ebebeb;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Semi-formal_wear" title="Semi-formal wear">Semi-formal</a> (<a href="/wiki/Western_dress_codes#Full_dress,_half_dress,_and_undress" title="Western dress codes">half dress</a>)</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:black; color:white;border:1px solid white;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Black_tie" title="Black tie">Black tie</a> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Moon_at_night.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Moon_at_night.svg/13px-Moon_at_night.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Moon_at_night.svg/20px-Moon_at_night.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Moon_at_night.svg/26px-Moon_at_night.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_lounge_suit" title="Black lounge suit">Black lounge suit</a> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emoji_u2600.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Emoji_u2600.svg/13px-Emoji_u2600.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Emoji_u2600.svg/20px-Emoji_u2600.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Emoji_u2600.svg/26px-Emoji_u2600.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> <span class="mw-default-size noviewer skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Male_symbol_(black).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Male_symbol_%28black%29.svg/14px-Male_symbol_%28black%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Male_symbol_%28black%29.svg/21px-Male_symbol_%28black%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Male_symbol_%28black%29.svg/28px-Male_symbol_%28black%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mess_dress_uniform" title="Mess dress uniform">Mess dress uniform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evening_gown" title="Evening gown">Evening gown</a> <span class="mw-default-size noviewer skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Female_symbol_(black).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Female_symbol_%28black%29.svg/14px-Female_symbol_%28black%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Female_symbol_%28black%29.svg/21px-Female_symbol_%28black%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Female_symbol_%28black%29.svg/28px-Female_symbol_%28black%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cocktail_dress" title="Cocktail dress">Cocktail dress</a> <span class="mw-default-size noviewer skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Female_symbol_(black).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Female_symbol_%28black%29.svg/14px-Female_symbol_%28black%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Female_symbol_%28black%29.svg/21px-Female_symbol_%28black%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Female_symbol_%28black%29.svg/28px-Female_symbol_%28black%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#ebebeb;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Informal_wear" title="Informal wear">Informal</a> (<a href="/wiki/Western_dress_codes#Full_dress,_half_dress,_and_undress" title="Western dress codes">undress</a>, "dress clothes")</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Suit" title="Suit">Suit</a> <span class="mw-default-size noviewer skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Male_symbol_(black).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Male_symbol_%28black%29.svg/14px-Male_symbol_%28black%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Male_symbol_%28black%29.svg/21px-Male_symbol_%28black%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Male_symbol_%28black%29.svg/28px-Male_symbol_%28black%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Service_dress_uniform" title="Service dress uniform">Service dress uniform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocktail_dress" title="Cocktail dress">Cocktail dress</a> <span class="mw-default-size noviewer skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Female_symbol_(black).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Female_symbol_%28black%29.svg/14px-Female_symbol_%28black%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Female_symbol_%28black%29.svg/21px-Female_symbol_%28black%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Female_symbol_%28black%29.svg/28px-Female_symbol_%28black%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantsuit" title="Pantsuit">Pantsuit</a> <span class="mw-default-size noviewer skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Female_symbol_(black).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Female_symbol_%28black%29.svg/14px-Female_symbol_%28black%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Female_symbol_%28black%29.svg/21px-Female_symbol_%28black%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Female_symbol_%28black%29.svg/28px-Female_symbol_%28black%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#ebebeb;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Casual_wear" title="Casual wear">Casual</a> (anything not above)</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Business_casual" title="Business casual">Business casual</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Casual_Friday" title="Casual Friday">Casual Friday</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_uniform" title="Combat uniform">Combat uniform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smart_casual" title="Smart casual">Smart casual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workwear" title="Workwear">Workwear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Streetwear" title="Streetwear">Streetwear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sportswear" title="Sportswear">Sportswear</a> known as <a href="/wiki/Sportswear_(fashion)" title="Sportswear (fashion)">Sportswear (fashion)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Athleisure" title="Athleisure">Athleisure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Undress_code" title="Undress code">Undress</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#ebebeb;;color: var(--color-base)">Supplementary alternatives</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_dress" title="Ceremonial dress">Ceremonial dress</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Court_dress" title="Court dress">law courts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Court_uniform_and_dress_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Court uniform and dress in the United Kingdom">royal courts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_uniform" title="Diplomatic uniform">diplomatic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Academic_dress" title="Academic dress">academic</a>, etc.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_clothing" title="Religious clothing">Religious clothing</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">cassock</a>, <a href="/wiki/Religious_habit" title="Religious habit">habit</a>, etc.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_costume" title="Folk costume">Folk costume</a></li> <li>Distinctions <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Order_(distinction)" title="Order (distinction)">Orders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medal" title="Medal">medals</a>, etc.</li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <small>Legend:<div style="position:relative; margin:0 auto; padding:0; text-align:initial; width:-moz-fit-content;width:-webkit-fit-content;width:fit-content;"> <p><span class="nobold"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emoji_u2600.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Emoji_u2600.svg/13px-Emoji_u2600.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Emoji_u2600.svg/20px-Emoji_u2600.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Emoji_u2600.svg/26px-Emoji_u2600.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> = Day (before 6 p.m.)<br /><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Moon_at_night.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Moon_at_night.svg/13px-Moon_at_night.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Moon_at_night.svg/20px-Moon_at_night.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Moon_at_night.svg/26px-Moon_at_night.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span> = Evening (after 6 p.m.)<br /><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:white; color:black;"> </span> <span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:black; color:white;border:1px solid white;"> </span> = <a href="/wiki/Bow_tie" title="Bow tie">Bow tie</a> colour<br /><span class="mw-default-size noviewer skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Female_symbol_(black).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Female_symbol_%28black%29.svg/14px-Female_symbol_%28black%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Female_symbol_%28black%29.svg/21px-Female_symbol_%28black%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Female_symbol_%28black%29.svg/28px-Female_symbol_%28black%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span> = Ladies<br /><span class="mw-default-size noviewer skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Male_symbol_(black).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Male_symbol_%28black%29.svg/14px-Male_symbol_%28black%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Male_symbol_%28black%29.svg/21px-Male_symbol_%28black%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Male_symbol_%28black%29.svg/28px-Male_symbol_%28black%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span> = Gentlemen</span> </p> </div></small> <hr /> <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/BathingSuit1920s.jpg/20px-BathingSuit1920s.jpg" decoding="async" width="17" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/BathingSuit1920s.jpg/40px-BathingSuit1920s.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="490" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Fashion" title="Portal:Fashion">Fashion portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Western_dress_codes" title="Template:Western dress codes"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Western_dress_codes" title="Template talk:Western dress codes"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Western_dress_codes" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Western dress codes"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>cassock</b>, also called <b>soutane</b>, is a Christian <a href="/wiki/Clerical_clothing" title="Clerical clothing">clerical</a> coat used by the clergy and <a href="/wiki/Consecrated_life" title="Consecrated life">male religious</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodox_Churches" title="Oriental Orthodox Churches">Oriental Orthodox Churches</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern Orthodox Church</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a>, in addition to some clergy in certain <a href="/wiki/List_of_Protestant_denominations" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Protestant denominations">Protestant denominations</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Anglicanism" title="Anglicanism">Anglicans</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lutheranism" title="Lutheranism">Lutherans</a>. "Ankle-length garment" is the literal meaning of the corresponding <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> term, <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">vestis talaris</i></span>. It is related to the <a href="/wiki/Religious_habit" title="Religious habit">habits</a> traditionally worn by <a href="/wiki/Nun" title="Nun">nuns</a>, <a href="/wiki/Monk" title="Monk">monks</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Friar" title="Friar">friars</a>. </p><p>The cassock derives historically from the <a href="/wiki/Tunic" title="Tunic">tunic</a> of <a href="/wiki/Classical_antiquity" title="Classical antiquity">classical antiquity</a> that in <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">ancient Rome</a> was worn underneath the <a href="/wiki/Toga" title="Toga">toga</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Chiton_(garment)" title="Chiton (garment)">chiton</a> that was worn beneath the <a href="/wiki/Himation" title="Himation">himation</a> in <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece" title="Ancient Greece">ancient Greece</a>. In religious services, it has traditionally been worn underneath <a href="/wiki/Vestment" title="Vestment">vestments</a>, such as the <a href="/wiki/Alb" title="Alb">alb</a>. </p><p>In the West, the cassock is little used today except for religious services, save for <a href="/wiki/Traditionalist_Catholicism" title="Traditionalist Catholicism">traditionalist</a> and those other Catholic clergy and religious who continue to wear the cassock as their standard attire. However, in many countries it was the normal everyday wear of the clergy until the 1960s, when it was largely replaced by clerical suits, distinguished from <a href="/wiki/Laity" title="Laity">lay</a> dress by being generally black and by a black shirt incorporating a <a href="/wiki/Clerical_collar" title="Clerical collar">clerical collar</a>. </p><p>In Japan, male <i><a href="/wiki/Gakuran" class="mw-redirect" title="Gakuran">gakuran</a></i> school uniform were inspired by cassocks.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cassock&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The word <i>cassock</i> comes from <a href="/wiki/Middle_French" title="Middle French">Middle French</a> <span title="Middle French (ca. 1400-1600)-language text"><i lang="frm">casaque</i></span>, meaning a long coat. In turn, the <a href="/wiki/Old_French" title="Old French">Old French</a> word may come ultimately from <a href="/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a> <span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">kazak</i></span> (nomad, adventurer – the source of the word <i><a href="/wiki/Cossack" class="mw-redirect" title="Cossack">Cossack</a></i>), an allusion to their typical riding coat, or from <a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a> <span title="Persian-language text"><span lang="fa" dir="rtl">کژاغند</span></span> <span title="Persian-language text"><i lang="fa-Latn">kazhāgand</i></span> (padded garment) – <span title="Persian-language text"><span lang="fa" dir="rtl">کژ</span></span> <span title="Persian-language text"><i lang="fa-Latn">kazh</i></span> (raw silk) + <span title="Persian-language text"><span lang="fa" dir="rtl">آغند</span></span> <span title="Persian-language text"><i lang="fa-Latn">āgand</i></span> (stuffed).<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The name was originally specially applied to the dress worn by soldiers and horsemen, and later to the long garment worn in civil life by both men and women. As an ecclesiastical term, the word <i>cassock</i> came into use somewhat late (as a translation of the old names of <i>subtanea</i>, <i>vestis talaris</i>, <i>toga talaris</i>, or <i>tunica talaris</i>), being mentioned in Canon LXXIV (74) of the <a href="/wiki/Anglicanism" title="Anglicanism">Anglican</a> <i>1604 Canons</i>;<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and it is in this sense alone that it now survives. </p><p>The word <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/soutane#English" class="extiw" title="wikt:soutane">soutane</a></i> is a French word, coming from <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">subtana</i></span>, the adjectival form of <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">subtus</i></span> (beneath).<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Western_Christian_practice">Western Christian practice</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cassock&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Western Christian practice"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Latin_Catholic">Latin Catholic</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cassock&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Latin Catholic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prospero_Caterini.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Prospero_Caterini.jpg/250px-Prospero_Caterini.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="360" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Prospero_Caterini.jpg/330px-Prospero_Caterini.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Prospero_Caterini.jpg/500px-Prospero_Caterini.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1167" data-file-height="1908" /></a><figcaption> Cardinal <a href="/wiki/Prospero_Caterini" title="Prospero Caterini">Prospero Caterini</a> 1795–1881</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Missione_del_Guaricano-cardinale_Tarcisio_Bertone.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Missione_del_Guaricano-cardinale_Tarcisio_Bertone.jpg/250px-Missione_del_Guaricano-cardinale_Tarcisio_Bertone.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="296" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Missione_del_Guaricano-cardinale_Tarcisio_Bertone.jpg/330px-Missione_del_Guaricano-cardinale_Tarcisio_Bertone.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Missione_del_Guaricano-cardinale_Tarcisio_Bertone.jpg/500px-Missione_del_Guaricano-cardinale_Tarcisio_Bertone.jpg 2x" data-file-width="917" data-file-height="1232" /></a><figcaption>Cardinal <a href="/wiki/Tarcisio_Bertone" title="Tarcisio Bertone">Tarcisio Bertone</a> wearing a tropical white cassock trimmed in cardinalatial scarlet in <a href="/wiki/Santo_Domingo" title="Santo Domingo">Santo Domingo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SANGUIS-Brvgensis_AD2015_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/SANGUIS-Brvgensis_AD2015_2.jpg/250px-SANGUIS-Brvgensis_AD2015_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/SANGUIS-Brvgensis_AD2015_2.jpg/330px-SANGUIS-Brvgensis_AD2015_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/SANGUIS-Brvgensis_AD2015_2.jpg/500px-SANGUIS-Brvgensis_AD2015_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1201" data-file-height="722" /></a><figcaption>During procession the cassock is prescribed for high clergy</figcaption></figure> <p>The cassock (or soutane) comes in a number of styles or <a href="/wiki/Cut_(clothing)" title="Cut (clothing)">cuts</a>, though no particular symbolism attaches to these. A <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Roman</a> cassock often has a series of buttons down the front. In some English-speaking countries these buttons may be merely ornamental, with a concealed fly-front buttoning, known as a Chesterfield front, used to fasten the garment. A French cassock also has buttons sewn to the sleeves after the manner of a <a href="/wiki/Suit_(clothes)" class="mw-redirect" title="Suit (clothes)">suit</a>, and a slightly broader skirt. An <a href="/wiki/Ambrosian_Rite" title="Ambrosian Rite">Ambrosian</a> cassock has a series of only five buttons under the neck, with a sash on the waist. A <a href="/wiki/Society_of_Jesus" class="mw-redirect" title="Society of Jesus">Jesuit</a> cassock, in lieu of buttons, has a fly fastened with hooks at the collar and is bound at the waist with a cincture knotted on the right side. </p><p>The ordinary Roman cassock worn by Roman Catholic clerics (as distinct from that worn as choir dress) is black except in tropical countries, where because of the heat it is white and usually without shoulder cape (<a href="/wiki/Pellegrina" title="Pellegrina">pellegrina</a>). Coloured <a href="/wiki/Piping_(sewing)" title="Piping (sewing)">piping</a> and buttons are added in accordance with rank: black for priests, purple for <a href="/wiki/Chaplain_of_His_Holiness" title="Chaplain of His Holiness">chaplains of His Holiness</a>; amaranth red for <a href="/wiki/Bishop_(Catholicism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop (Catholicism)">bishops</a>, <a href="/wiki/Protonotary_apostolic" title="Protonotary apostolic">protonotaries apostolic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Honorary_Prelate" class="mw-redirect" title="Honorary Prelate">Honorary Prelates</a>; and scarlet red for <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_(Catholicism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardinal (Catholicism)">cardinals</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 1969 Instruction on the dress of prelates stated that for all of them, even cardinals, the dress for ordinary use may be a simple black cassock without coloured trim.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A band cincture or sash, known also as a <a href="/wiki/Fascia_(vestment)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fascia (vestment)">fascia</a>, may be worn with the cassock. The Instruction on the dress of prelates specifies that the two ends that hang down by the side have silk fringes, abolishing the sash with tassels.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A black faille fascia is worn by priests, deacons, and major seminarians, while a purple faille fascia is used by bishops, protonotaries apostolic, honorary prelates, and chaplains of His Holiness, when wearing a cassock with coloured trim. A black watered-silk fascia is permitted for priests attached to the <a href="/wiki/Papal_household" title="Papal household">papal household</a>, a purple watered-silk fascia for bishops attached to the papal household (for example, <a href="/wiki/Apostolic_Nuncio" class="mw-redirect" title="Apostolic Nuncio">Apostolic Nuncios</a>), and a scarlet watered-silk fascia for cardinals. The Pope wears a white watered-silk fascia, sometimes with his coat of arms on the ends. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Choir_dress" title="Choir dress">choir dress</a>, chaplains of His Holiness wear their purple-trimmed black cassocks with a <a href="/wiki/Surplice" title="Surplice">cotta</a>, but bishops, protonotaries apostolic, and honorary prelates use (with a cotta or, in the case of bishops, a <a href="/wiki/Rochet" title="Rochet">rochet</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mozzetta" title="Mozzetta">mozzetta</a>) cassocks that are fully purple (this purple corresponds more closely with a Roman purple and is approximated as fuchsia) with scarlet trim, while those of cardinals are fully scarlet with scarlet trim. Cardinals have the additional distinction of having both choir cassock sleeves and the fascia made of scarlet watered-silk. The <i>cut</i> of the choir cassock is still a Roman-cut or French-cut Roman cassock. </p><p>In the past, a cardinal's cassock was made entirely of watered silk, with a train that could be fastened at the back of the cassock. This train was abolished by the <i><a href="/wiki/Motu_proprio" title="Motu proprio">motu proprio</a></i> <i>Valde solliciti</i> of <a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_XII" title="Pope Pius XII">Pope Pius XII</a> with effect from 1 January 1953.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With the same <i>motu proprio</i>, the Pope ordered that the violet cassock (then used in penitential periods and in mourning) be made of wool, not silk,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in February 1965, under Pope Paul VI, a circular of the Sacred Ceremonial Congregation abolished the use of watered silk also for the red cassock.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An elbow-length shoulder cape, open in front, is sometimes worn with the cassock, either fixed to it or detachable. It is known as a <a href="/wiki/Pellegrina" title="Pellegrina">pellegrina</a>. It is distinct from the mozzetta, which is buttoned in front and is worn over a <a href="/wiki/Rochet" title="Rochet">rochet</a>. </p><p>The general rule of the Roman Catholic Church is that the pellegrina may be worn with the cassock by cardinals and bishops.<sup id="cite_ref-pellegrina_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pellegrina-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1850, the year in which he <a href="/wiki/Universalis_Ecclesiae" title="Universalis Ecclesiae">restored the Catholic hierarchy</a> in England and Wales, <a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_IX" title="Pope Pius IX">Pope Pius IX</a> was understood to grant to all priests there the privilege of wearing a replica in black of his own white caped cassock.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since then, the wearing of the pellegrina with the cassock has been a sign of a Roman Catholic priest in England and Wales, Scotland, Ireland, Australia, and New Zealand, although sometimes imitated by Anglican priests. </p><p>In his 1909 book, <i>Costume of Prelates of the Catholic Church</i>, John Abel Felix Prosper Nainfa proposed<sup id="cite_ref-google_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-google-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the use of the English word "<a href="/wiki/Simar" title="Simar">simar</a>", instead of the word "cassock", for the garment with shoulder cape, which he treated as distinct from the cassock proper. Others too have made the same distinction between the "simar" (with pellegrina) and the "cassock" (without), but many scholars disagree with Nainfa's distinction.<sup id="cite_ref-McNamara_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McNamara-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> More particularly, documents of the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a> make no such distinction, using the term <i>cassock</i> or <i>vestis talaris</i> whether a pellegrina is attached or is not. Thus the 1969 instruction states that, for cardinals and bishops, "the elbow-length cape, trimmed in the same manner as this <i>cassock</i>, may be worn over it".<sup id="cite_ref-pellegrina_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pellegrina-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Cassock</i>, rather than <i>simar</i>, is the term that is usually applied to the dress of Popes and other Catholic ecclesiastics. The instruction also gives no support to Nainfa's claim that the cassock with shoulder cape should not be worn in church services, which moreover would be of difficult application, since the cassock with pellegrina is generally made as a single garment, with a non-detachable pellegrina. </p><p>Nainfa wrote that at that time the garment with shoulder cape was in Italian called a <i>zimarra</i>, a term, however, that in that language is today used rather of a historical loose-fitting overgown, quite unlike the close-fitting cassock with pellegrina worn by Catholic clergy,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and similar to the fur-lined <a href="/w/index.php?title=Schaube&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Schaube (page does not exist)">Schaube</a><sup class="noprint" style="font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schaube" class="extiw" title="de:Schaube">de</a>]</sup> that was used in northern Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Images of the historical zimarra as worn by women can be seen at "Dressing the Italian Way"<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and "The Italian Showcase".<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In cold weather, the manto, an ankle-length cape with or without shoulder cape, or the <a href="/wiki/Greca_(clothing)" title="Greca (clothing)">greca</a>, also known as the douillette, an ankle-length double-breasted overcoat, is traditionally worn over the cassock. For bishops and priests both the manto and greca are solid black in colour, while for the pope the manto is red and the greca is white. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cassock_-_Pope.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pope (Often with pellegrina. His coat of arms is embroidered at the bottom of his fascia.)"><img alt="Pope (Often with pellegrina. His coat of arms is embroidered at the bottom of his fascia.)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Cassock_-_Pope.svg/74px-Cassock_-_Pope.svg.png" decoding="async" width="74" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Cassock_-_Pope.svg/112px-Cassock_-_Pope.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Cassock_-_Pope.svg/149px-Cassock_-_Pope.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="413" data-file-height="886" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Pope<br /><small>(Often with <a href="/wiki/Pellegrina" title="Pellegrina">pellegrina</a>.<br />His coat of arms is embroidered<br />at the bottom of his fascia.)</small></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cassock_(Cardinal).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cardinal (Often with pellegrina.)"><img alt="Cardinal (Often with pellegrina.)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Cassock_%28Cardinal%29.svg/74px-Cassock_%28Cardinal%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="74" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Cassock_%28Cardinal%29.svg/112px-Cassock_%28Cardinal%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Cassock_%28Cardinal%29.svg/149px-Cassock_%28Cardinal%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="413" data-file-height="886" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Cardinal<br /><small>(Often with pellegrina.)</small></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cassock_(Catholic_Bishop).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bishop (Often with pellegrina.) (Also worn by Protonotaries Apostolic and Honorary Prelates, but without pellegrina and zucchetto.)"><img alt="Bishop (Often with pellegrina.) (Also worn by Protonotaries Apostolic and Honorary Prelates, but without pellegrina and zucchetto.)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Cassock_%28Catholic_Bishop%29.svg/74px-Cassock_%28Catholic_Bishop%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="74" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Cassock_%28Catholic_Bishop%29.svg/112px-Cassock_%28Catholic_Bishop%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Cassock_%28Catholic_Bishop%29.svg/149px-Cassock_%28Catholic_Bishop%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="413" data-file-height="886" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Bishop<br /><small>(Often with pellegrina.)<br />(Also worn by Protonotaries Apostolic <br />and Honorary Prelates, but without<br />pellegrina and <a href="/wiki/Zucchetto" title="Zucchetto">zucchetto</a>.)</small></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cassock_(Chaplain_of_His_Holiness).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chaplain of His Holiness"><img alt="Chaplain of His Holiness" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Cassock_%28Chaplain_of_His_Holiness%29.svg/74px-Cassock_%28Chaplain_of_His_Holiness%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="74" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Cassock_%28Chaplain_of_His_Holiness%29.svg/112px-Cassock_%28Chaplain_of_His_Holiness%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Cassock_%28Chaplain_of_His_Holiness%29.svg/149px-Cassock_%28Chaplain_of_His_Holiness%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="413" data-file-height="886" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Chaplain<br />of His Holiness</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cassock_(Catholic_Priest).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Priest/Deacon/ Seminarian"><img alt="Priest/Deacon/ Seminarian" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Cassock_%28Catholic_Priest%29.svg/74px-Cassock_%28Catholic_Priest%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="74" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Cassock_%28Catholic_Priest%29.svg/112px-Cassock_%28Catholic_Priest%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Cassock_%28Catholic_Priest%29.svg/149px-Cassock_%28Catholic_Priest%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="413" data-file-height="886" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Priest/Deacon/<br />Seminarian</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Anglican_and_Methodist">Anglican and Methodist</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cassock&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Anglican and Methodist"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Anne_Jeff_555.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Anne_Jeff_555.JPG/170px-Anne_Jeff_555.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="254" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Anne_Jeff_555.JPG/255px-Anne_Jeff_555.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Anne_Jeff_555.JPG/340px-Anne_Jeff_555.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1232" data-file-height="1840" /></a><figcaption>An Anglican priest wearing the standard double-breasted Sarum cassock</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Anglican church</a> uses single and double-breasted cassocks. For many this is to indicate tradition (single-breasted in the <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Catholicism" title="Anglo-Catholicism">Anglo-Catholic</a> tradition and double-breasted in the <a href="/wiki/Evangelicalism" title="Evangelicalism">evangelical</a> end of the church). </p><p>The double-breasted cassock fastens at the shoulders on the opposing side of the breast and at the waist with one concealed button. The latter usually has a single small stem-button sewn at centre front about <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style>12–15 centimetres (<span class="frac">4<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span>–6 in) below the centre-front neck line which is used to secure the <a href="/wiki/Academic_hood" class="mw-redirect" title="Academic hood">academic hood</a>, worn for Choir Dress. </p><p>The single-breasted cassock worn by Anglicans traditionally has thirty-nine buttons as signifying the <i><a href="/wiki/Thirty-Nine_Articles" class="mw-redirect" title="Thirty-Nine Articles">Thirty-Nine Articles</a>,</i> or as some would prefer "<a href="/wiki/2_Corinthians_11" title="2 Corinthians 11">Forty stripes save one</a>" – the punishment <a href="/wiki/Saint_Paul_the_Apostle" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Paul the Apostle">Saint Paul the Apostle</a> says he received from the Jews. </p><p>Cassocks are often worn without a <a href="/wiki/Cincture" title="Cincture">cincture</a> and some opt for a buckled belt.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Black is the most common colour for priests (<a href="/wiki/Presbyter" title="Presbyter">presbyters</a>), <a href="/wiki/Lay_reader" class="mw-redirect" title="Lay reader">readers</a>, vergers, and server cassocks. Lighter colours, such as white are used in tropical countries and some cathedrals have colours specific for their location. Piping is also used in the Anglican church to indicate position held with red being used for Deans, Archdeacons and Cathedral Canons. Bishops and <a href="/wiki/Archbishop" title="Archbishop">Archbishops</a> often wear purple cassocks. This has been practise since the 19th century. More recently the Archbishops have chosen to wear black, this can be seen in the ministries of <a href="/wiki/Rowan_Williams" title="Rowan Williams">Rowan Williams</a> and <a href="/wiki/Justin_Welby" title="Justin Welby">Justin Welby</a>. A comparatively recent custom – since the reign of <a href="/wiki/Edward_VII" title="Edward VII">Edward VII</a> – is that scarlet cassocks are properly worn only by <a href="/wiki/Chaplain_to_the_King" class="mw-redirect" title="Chaplain to the King">Chaplains to the King</a> and by members of Royal foundations such as <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Abbey" title="Westminster Abbey">Westminster Abbey</a> and some Cambridge college chapels.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They are also worn by the Head Master and Master of the King's Scholars of <a href="/wiki/Westminster_School" title="Westminster School">Westminster School</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nonetheless, many cathedral canons wear full crimson cassocks rather than with mere piping,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> as do many servers guilds and choirs due to longstanding practice. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:School_choir.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/School_choir.jpg/220px-School_choir.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/School_choir.jpg/330px-School_choir.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/School_choir.jpg/440px-School_choir.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1290" data-file-height="902" /></a><figcaption>A school choir wearing cassocks under <a href="/wiki/Surplice" title="Surplice">surplices</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Cassocks are sometimes also worn by <a href="/wiki/Reader_(liturgy)" title="Reader (liturgy)">readers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Altar_server" title="Altar server">altar servers</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Choir" title="Choir">choir</a> members, when they do this is the double-breasted style. Readers and altar servers usually wear black cassocks, but those worn by choirs are usually coloured.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Ministers (presbyters) of the <a href="/wiki/Methodist_Church_of_Great_Britain" title="Methodist Church of Great Britain">Methodist Church of Great Britain</a> also traditionally wear a double-breasted cassock (as in the evangelical Anglican tradition).<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cassock_(Anglican_Bishop).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bishop"><img alt="Bishop" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Cassock_%28Anglican_Bishop%29.svg/74px-Cassock_%28Anglican_Bishop%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="74" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Cassock_%28Anglican_Bishop%29.svg/112px-Cassock_%28Anglican_Bishop%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Cassock_%28Anglican_Bishop%29.svg/149px-Cassock_%28Anglican_Bishop%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="413" data-file-height="886" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Bishop</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cassock_(Anglican_Canon).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Canon (cassock colour may vary)"><img alt="Canon (cassock colour may vary)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Cassock_%28Anglican_Canon%29.svg/74px-Cassock_%28Anglican_Canon%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="74" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Cassock_%28Anglican_Canon%29.svg/112px-Cassock_%28Anglican_Canon%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Cassock_%28Anglican_Canon%29.svg/149px-Cassock_%28Anglican_Canon%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="413" data-file-height="886" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Canon <br /><small>(cassock colour may vary)</small></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cassock_(Anglican_Priest).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Presbyter/Deacon/Layperson cassock colour may vary if worn by, for instance, a chorister"><img alt="Presbyter/Deacon/Layperson cassock colour may vary if worn by, for instance, a chorister" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Cassock_%28Anglican_Priest%29.svg/120px-Cassock_%28Anglican_Priest%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="74" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Cassock_%28Anglican_Priest%29.svg/250px-Cassock_%28Anglican_Priest%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="413" data-file-height="886" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Presbyter/Deacon/Layperson<br /><small>cassock colour may vary if worn<br /> by, for instance, a chorister</small></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lutheran">Lutheran</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cassock&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Lutheran"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the Evangelical Lutheran Churches of <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Denmark" title="Church of Denmark">Denmark</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Faroe_Islands" title="Church of the Faroe Islands">Faroe Islands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Iceland" title="Church of Iceland">Iceland</a>, and the North German <a href="/wiki/Hanseatic_League" title="Hanseatic League">Hanseatic</a> cities of <a href="/wiki/Hamburg" title="Hamburg">Hamburg</a> and <a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCbeck" title="Lübeck">Lübeck</a>, clergy wear the cassock with the <a href="/wiki/Ruff_(clothing)" title="Ruff (clothing)">ruff</a> as <a href="/wiki/Vestment" title="Vestment">vestments</a>. </p><p>The Cassock is also worn occasionally in American Lutheran churches. In previous years, the cassock was worn in combination with a white surplice which almost entirely covered it. It is customary for a minority of clergy to wear it on special high holidays such as Good Friday and Ash Wednesday. Most commonly, Lutheran pastors wear an <a href="/wiki/Alb" title="Alb">alb</a> over a clerical shirt (with clergy collar). <a href="/wiki/Vestment" title="Vestment">Vestments</a>, most commonly a <a href="/wiki/Stole_(vestment)" title="Stole (vestment)">stole</a>, are worn over the alb. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Presbyterian">Presbyterian</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cassock&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Presbyterian"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444" /><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Cassock" title="Special:EditPage/Cassock">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2022</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scotland" title="Church of Scotland">Church of Scotland</a>, and Presbyterian churches which trace their heritage back to the Scottish church, they typically use the Anglican style of cassock. In addition, it is not uncommon to see full-length cassocks worn in the blue of the <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Scotland" title="Flag of Scotland">Flag of Scotland</a>, which is also tied to the academic dress of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_St_Andrews" title="University of St Andrews">University of St Andrews</a>. As is the custom within the Church of England, ministers of the Church of Scotland who are chaplains to the royal family also wear a scarlet cassock. Over this is typically worn a <a href="/wiki/Geneva_gown" class="mw-redirect" title="Geneva gown">preaching gown</a> or the <a href="/wiki/Academic_gown" class="mw-redirect" title="Academic gown">academic gown</a> of the minister. During the <a href="/wiki/Edwardian_era" title="Edwardian era">Edwardian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Victorian_fashion" title="Victorian fashion">Victorian</a> era, it was common to see a shortened, double-breasted black silk cassock worn under the gown. It generally reached to the knees and was tied with a simple <a href="/wiki/Cincture" title="Cincture">cincture</a>. However, with the <a href="/wiki/Liturgical_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Liturgical movement">liturgical movement</a> of the 20th century, the classic cassock came back into fashion. </p><p>Presbyterians in Canada tend to follow the custom of the Church of Scotland, whereas Presbyterians in the United States typically wear an American Geneva gown over a sleeveless cassock or a non-cuffed gown over an Anglican or Roman style cassock. The American <a href="/wiki/Geneva_gown" class="mw-redirect" title="Geneva gown">Geneva gown</a> is often supplied with a cuff sewn into the double-bell sleeve (this innovation is a remnant of the cassock sleeve that was formerly worn underneath). </p><p>As is the practice in the Anglican churches, cassocks may be worn by others who are not ministers. Ordained elders and deacons, as they serve as worship leaders, readers, and administer communion may also wear cassocks which tend to be black. Those worn by choirs and other worship leaders are usually coloured (for instance, The Shadyside Presbyterian Church (U.S.A.) choir is dressed in red cassocks under white surplices). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eastern_Christian_practice">Eastern Christian practice</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cassock&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Eastern Christian practice"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Cowl" title="Cowl">Cowl</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Eastern_Orthodox_man_in_Jerusalem_by_David_Shankbone.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Eastern_Orthodox_man_in_Jerusalem_by_David_Shankbone.jpg/250px-Eastern_Orthodox_man_in_Jerusalem_by_David_Shankbone.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="347" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Eastern_Orthodox_man_in_Jerusalem_by_David_Shankbone.jpg/330px-Eastern_Orthodox_man_in_Jerusalem_by_David_Shankbone.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Eastern_Orthodox_man_in_Jerusalem_by_David_Shankbone.jpg/500px-Eastern_Orthodox_man_in_Jerusalem_by_David_Shankbone.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1515" data-file-height="2387" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Greek_Orthodox_Patriarchate_of_Jerusalem" title="Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem">Greek Orthodox</a> clergyman in <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a> wearing outer cassock (<i>exorason</i>) and <a href="/wiki/Kalimavkion" title="Kalimavkion">kalimavkion</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jan_Sezonow.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Jan_Sezonow.jpg/220px-Jan_Sezonow.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="389" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Jan_Sezonow.jpg/330px-Jan_Sezonow.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Jan_Sezonow.jpg/440px-Jan_Sezonow.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1386" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Inner cassock worn by a <a href="/wiki/Polish_Orthodox_Church" title="Polish Orthodox Church">Polish Orthodox Church</a> cleric</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:By_Grace_of_God,_Ignatius_Zakka_I_Iwas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/By_Grace_of_God%2C_Ignatius_Zakka_I_Iwas.jpg/220px-By_Grace_of_God%2C_Ignatius_Zakka_I_Iwas.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="345" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/By_Grace_of_God%2C_Ignatius_Zakka_I_Iwas.jpg/330px-By_Grace_of_God%2C_Ignatius_Zakka_I_Iwas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/By_Grace_of_God%2C_Ignatius_Zakka_I_Iwas.jpg/440px-By_Grace_of_God%2C_Ignatius_Zakka_I_Iwas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="449" data-file-height="704" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Syriac_Orthodox_Patriarch_of_Antioch" class="mw-redirect" title="Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch">Syriac Orthodox Patriarch of Antioch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Zakka_I_Iwas" class="mw-redirect" title="Ignatius Zakka I Iwas">Ignatius Zakka I Iwas</a> (in red cassock) and a priest (in black)</figcaption></figure> <p>In Eastern Christianity there are two types of cassock: the Inner Cassock and the Outer Cassock or Rason. Monastics always wear a black cassock. There is no rule about colouration for non-monastic clergy, but black is the most common. Blue or grey are also seen frequently, while white is sometimes worn for <a href="/wiki/Easter" title="Easter">Pascha</a>. In the Eastern Churches, cassocks are not dress for any lay ministry. Generally, one has to be blessed to wear a cassock usually in the case of exercising a clerical duty. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Types_of_Eastern_cassocks">Types of Eastern cassocks</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cassock&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Types of Eastern cassocks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The <b>inner cassock</b> (more often simply <i>cassock</i>) is an ankle length garment worn by all major and minor clergy, monastics, and often by male <a href="/wiki/Seminary" title="Seminary">seminarians</a>. The Slavic, or "Russian" style (Russian: <span lang="ru">подрясник</span> <span title="Russian-language text"><i lang="ru-Latn">podryasnik</i></span>, <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_language" title="Ukrainian language">Ukrainian</a>: <span lang="uk">підрясник</span> <span title="Ukrainian-language text"><i lang="uk-Latn">pidryasnyk</i></span>) is double-breasted, closely fitted through the torso and flaring out to the skirt, with a high collar buttoned off-center, and may be cinctured with either a leather or wide cloth belt.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Greek version, called an <i>anteri</i> (αντερί), <i>rason</i> (ράσον), or <i>zostiko</i> (ζωστικό) is somewhat fuller, gathered at the waist with a narrow cloth belt, and with a high collar buttoned in the front.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The inner cassock is usually worn by all clergy members under their liturgical vestments.</li> <li>The <b>outer cassock</b> (Russian: <span lang="ru">ряса</span> <span title="Russian-language text"><i lang="ru-Latn">ryasa</i></span>, <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_language" title="Ukrainian language">Ukrainian</a>: <span lang="uk">ряса</span> <span title="Ukrainian-language text"><i lang="uk-Latn">ryasa</i></span>, <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greek language">Ancient Greek</a>: <span lang="grc">εξώρασον, ράσον</span> <span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><i lang="grc-Latn">exorason</i></span>) is a voluminous garment worn over the inner cassock by bishops, priests, deacons, and monastics as their regular outerwear.<sup id="cite_ref-nikitatailor_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nikitatailor-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is not worn by seminarians, <a href="/wiki/Reader_(liturgy)" title="Reader (liturgy)">readers</a> or <a href="/wiki/Subdeacon" title="Subdeacon">subdeacons</a> in the Russian tradition. In the Greek tradition, however, chanters may wear it in church, usually with no inner cassock beneath but directly over secular clothing. The outer cassock should be worn by a priest celebrating a service such as <a href="/wiki/Vespers" title="Vespers">Vespers</a> where the rubrics call for him to be less than fully vested, but it is not worn by any clergy beneath the <a href="/wiki/Sticharion" title="Sticharion">sticharion</a>. It may be worn with the bottoms of the sleeves turned back, which are sometimes faced in a contrasting colour. The Greek version tends to be somewhat lighter weight and more fully cut than the Russian. It is originally a monastic garment, and in the Russian tradition a man must be explicitly blessed by the bishop to wear it following his ordination to the <a href="/wiki/Deacon" title="Deacon">diaconate</a>.</li> <li>A <b>cassock vest</b> ("kontorasson" (κοντόρασον), "amaniko" (αμάνικο), "gileko" (γιλέκο)) is sometimes worn over the inner cassock. This is a closely fitted collarless vest, usually falling slightly below the waist. The vest has its origins in the outer cassock and therefore should be worn only by clergy and monastics who would, in formal or liturgical settings, wear the outer cassock.<sup id="cite_ref-nikitatailor2_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nikitatailor2-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-kwvestments_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kwvestments-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>A <b>cassock coat</b> may be worn on very cold days, with the same cut as the outer cassock but slightly larger and of heavier material. It may or may not have a fur-lined collar.<sup id="cite_ref-nikitatailor3_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nikitatailor3-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The coat is worn over the outer cassock, although many clerics may wear it in lieu of a coat on colder days.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Eastern_Catholic_and_Orthodox_examples">Eastern Catholic and Orthodox examples</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cassock&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Eastern Catholic and Orthodox examples"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Eastern_Orthodox_Bishop.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Bishop"><img alt="Bishop" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Eastern_Orthodox_Bishop.png/137px-Eastern_Orthodox_Bishop.png" decoding="async" width="137" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Eastern_Orthodox_Bishop.png/206px-Eastern_Orthodox_Bishop.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Eastern_Orthodox_Bishop.png/275px-Eastern_Orthodox_Bishop.png 2x" data-file-width="495" data-file-height="576" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Bishop</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Orthodox_Priest_Kontorasion.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Priest with grey Zostikon, a Kontorasson, and a Skufia."><img alt="Priest with grey Zostikon, a Kontorasson, and a Skufia." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Orthodox_Priest_Kontorasion.png/137px-Orthodox_Priest_Kontorasion.png" decoding="async" width="137" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Orthodox_Priest_Kontorasion.png/206px-Orthodox_Priest_Kontorasion.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Orthodox_Priest_Kontorasion.png/275px-Orthodox_Priest_Kontorasion.png 2x" data-file-width="495" data-file-height="576" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Priest with grey Zostikon, a <br /> Kontorasson, and a Skufia.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Eastern_Orthodox_Priest.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Priest (married)"><img alt="Priest (married)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Eastern_Orthodox_Priest.png/250px-Eastern_Orthodox_Priest.png" decoding="async" width="137" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Eastern_Orthodox_Priest.png/330px-Eastern_Orthodox_Priest.png 2x" data-file-width="495" data-file-height="576" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Priest (married)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Orthodox_Monk-Priest.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Hieromonk (celibate Priest)"><img alt="Hieromonk (celibate Priest)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Orthodox_Monk-Priest.png/250px-Orthodox_Monk-Priest.png" decoding="async" width="137" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Orthodox_Monk-Priest.png/330px-Orthodox_Monk-Priest.png 2x" data-file-width="495" data-file-height="576" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Hieromonk (celibate Priest)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Monk.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Monk"><img alt="Monk" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Monk.png/137px-Monk.png" decoding="async" width="137" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Monk.png/206px-Monk.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Monk.png/275px-Monk.png 2x" data-file-width="495" data-file-height="576" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Monk</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Eastern_Orthodox_Reader.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Reader/Chanter/Subdeacon/Deacon dressed in the Zostikon"><img alt="Reader/Chanter/Subdeacon/Deacon dressed in the Zostikon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Eastern_Orthodox_Reader.png/137px-Eastern_Orthodox_Reader.png" decoding="async" width="137" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Eastern_Orthodox_Reader.png/206px-Eastern_Orthodox_Reader.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Eastern_Orthodox_Reader.png/275px-Eastern_Orthodox_Reader.png 2x" data-file-width="495" data-file-height="576" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Reader/Chanter/Subdeacon/Deacon <br /> dressed in the Zostikon</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Oriental_Orthodox_examples">Oriental Orthodox examples</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cassock&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Oriental Orthodox examples"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Syriac_Orthodox_Patriarch.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Syriac Patriarch"><img alt="Syriac Patriarch" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Syriac_Orthodox_Patriarch.png/250px-Syriac_Orthodox_Patriarch.png" decoding="async" width="137" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Syriac_Orthodox_Patriarch.png/330px-Syriac_Orthodox_Patriarch.png 2x" data-file-width="495" data-file-height="576" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Syriac Patriarch</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Syriac_Orthodox_Bishop.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Syriac Bishop"><img alt="Syriac Bishop" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Syriac_Orthodox_Bishop.png/137px-Syriac_Orthodox_Bishop.png" decoding="async" width="137" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Syriac_Orthodox_Bishop.png/206px-Syriac_Orthodox_Bishop.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Syriac_Orthodox_Bishop.png/275px-Syriac_Orthodox_Bishop.png 2x" data-file-width="495" data-file-height="576" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Syriac Bishop</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coptic_Orthodox_Priest.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Coptic Priest"><img alt="Coptic Priest" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Coptic_Orthodox_Priest.png/250px-Coptic_Orthodox_Priest.png" decoding="async" width="137" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Coptic_Orthodox_Priest.png/330px-Coptic_Orthodox_Priest.png 2x" data-file-width="495" data-file-height="576" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Coptic Priest</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Syriac_Orthodox_Priest.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Syriac Priest"><img alt="Syriac Priest" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Syriac_Orthodox_Priest.png/137px-Syriac_Orthodox_Priest.png" decoding="async" width="137" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Syriac_Orthodox_Priest.png/206px-Syriac_Orthodox_Priest.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Syriac_Orthodox_Priest.png/275px-Syriac_Orthodox_Priest.png 2x" data-file-width="495" data-file-height="576" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Syriac Priest</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 195px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px; height: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Syriac_Orthodox_Priest-Monk.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Coptic & Syriac Priest (monk)"><img alt="Coptic & Syriac Priest (monk)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Syriac_Orthodox_Priest-Monk.png/137px-Syriac_Orthodox_Priest-Monk.png" decoding="async" width="137" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Syriac_Orthodox_Priest-Monk.png/206px-Syriac_Orthodox_Priest-Monk.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Syriac_Orthodox_Priest-Monk.png/275px-Syriac_Orthodox_Priest-Monk.png 2x" data-file-width="495" data-file-height="576" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Coptic & Syriac Priest <br /> (monk)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Non-clerical_17th-century_garment">Non-clerical 17th-century garment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cassock&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Non-clerical 17th-century garment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The term <i>cassock</i> can also refer to a loose-fitting, pullover, hip-length jacket worn by ordinary soldiers in the 17th century.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> A cassock has attached <a href="/wiki/Sleeve" title="Sleeve">sleeves</a> and is open down the sides, similar to a <a href="/wiki/Mandilion" title="Mandilion">mandilion</a>. Such garments are popularly recognized as the formal uniform of the <a href="/wiki/Musketeers_of_the_Guard" title="Musketeers of the Guard">Musketeers of the Guard</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Three_Musketeers" title="The Three Musketeers">The Three Musketeers</a></i> – though this is suspect historically. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cassock&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/cassock">"<i>Online Etymology Dictionary</i> and <i>American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language</i>"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100304071012/http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/cassock">Archived</a> from the original on 4 March 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 March</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Online+Etymology+Dictionary+and+American+Heritage+Dictionary+of+the+English+Language&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdictionary.reference.com%2Fbrowse%2Fcassock&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACassock" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.anglican.net/doctrines/1604-canon-law/">"Decency in Apparel enjoined to Ministers"</a>. <i>Constitutions and Canons Ecclesiastical Of the Church of England</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210126151858/https://www.anglican.net/doctrines/1604-canon-law/">Archived</a> from the original on 26 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Constitutions+and+Canons+Ecclesiastical+Of+the+Church+of+England&rft.atitle=Decency+in+Apparel+enjoined+to+Ministers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.anglican.net%2Fdoctrines%2F1604-canon-law%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACassock" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/soutane">"Collins English Dictionary"</a>. Collins English Dictionary. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140821045856/http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/soutane">Archived</a> from the original on 21 August 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Collins+English+Dictionary&rft.pub=Collins+English+Dictionary&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.collinsdictionary.com%2Fdictionary%2Fenglish%2Fsoutane&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACassock" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fiu.edu/~mirandas/instruction69.htm">"Instruction on the Dress, Titles and Coats-of-Arms of Cardinals, Bishops and Lesser Prelates, 28 March 1969"</a>. Fiu.edu. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170602003150/http://www.fiu.edu/~mirandas/instruction69.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 2 June 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Instruction+on+the+Dress%2C+Titles+and+Coats-of-Arms+of+Cardinals%2C+Bishops+and+Lesser+Prelates%2C+28+March+1969&rft.pub=Fiu.edu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fiu.edu%2F~mirandas%2Finstruction69.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACassock" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Instruction, 5 and 14<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#What_information_to_include" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="A complete citation is needed. (April 2024)">full citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Instruction, 3, 15, 18, 19<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#What_information_to_include" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="A complete citation is needed. (April 2024)">full citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304060557/http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/valde.htm">"<i>Valde solliciti</i>, I"</a>. .fiu.edu. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/valde.htm">the original</a> on 4 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Valde+solliciti%2C+I&rft.pub=.fiu.edu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww2.fiu.edu%2F~mirandas%2Fvalde.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACassock" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Valde solliciti</i>, III</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151026202321/http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/guide-xx.htm">"The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church: Guide to documents and events"</a>. .fiu.edu. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/guide-xx.htm">the original</a> on 26 October 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Cardinals+of+the+Holy+Roman+Church%3A+Guide+to+documents+and+events&rft.pub=.fiu.edu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww2.fiu.edu%2F~mirandas%2Fguide-xx.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACassock" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pellegrina-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pellegrina_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pellegrina_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Instruction on the Dress, Titles and Coats-of-Arms of Cardinals, Bishops and Lesser Prelates, 28 March 1969, 2 and 14</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131021024031/http://www.catholic-history.org.uk/nwchs/plumb/glossary.html">"England & Wales 1550–1850, s.v. "Clerical dress"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. Catholic History. 12 November 1918. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catholic-history.org.uk/nwchs/plumb/glossary.html">the original</a> on 21 October 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=England+%26+Wales+1550%E2%80%931850%2C+s.v.+%22Clerical+dress%22&rft.pub=Catholic+History&rft.date=1918-11-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholic-history.org.uk%2Fnwchs%2Fplumb%2Fglossary.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACassock" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-google-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-google_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNainfa1909" class="citation book cs1">Nainfa, John Abel (1909). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ILddVVSkGx8C&dq=nainfa+%22adopting+the+English+word+simar%22&pg=PA47"><i>Costume of Prelates of the Catholic Church: According to Roman Etiquette</i></a>. John Murphy. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9785881504113" title="Special:BookSources/9785881504113"><bdi>9785881504113</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240420122002/https://books.google.com/books?id=ILddVVSkGx8C&dq=nainfa+%22adopting+the+English+word+simar%22&pg=PA47#v=onepage&q=nainfa%20%22adopting%20the%20English%20word%20simar%22&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 20 April 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Costume+of+Prelates+of+the+Catholic+Church%3A+According+to+Roman+Etiquette&rft.pub=John+Murphy&rft.date=1909&rft.isbn=9785881504113&rft.aulast=Nainfa&rft.aufirst=John+Abel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DILddVVSkGx8C%26dq%3Dnainfa%2B%2522adopting%2Bthe%2BEnglish%2Bword%2Bsimar%2522%26pg%3DPA47&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACassock" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-McNamara-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-McNamara_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ewtn.com/library/liturgy/zlitur444.htm">"Edward McNamara, "Birettas and Academic Hats at Mass"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. Ewtn.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140714182248/http://www.ewtn.com/library/liturgy/zlitur444.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 14 July 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Edward+McNamara%2C+%22Birettas+and+Academic+Hats+at+Mass%22&rft.pub=Ewtn.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ewtn.com%2Flibrary%2Fliturgy%2Fzlitur444.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACassock" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120325011613/http://threadwalker.net/16c-italian-intro.html">"Italy in the 16th century"</a>. Threadwalker.net. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://threadwalker.net/16c-italian-intro.html#timeline">the original</a> on 25 March 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Italy+in+the+16th+century&rft.pub=Threadwalker.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthreadwalker.net%2F16c-italian-intro.html%23timeline&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACassock" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zimarra" class="extiw" title="it:Zimarra">zimarra</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Wikipedia_and_sources_that_mirror_or_use_it" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="This claim cites another Wikipedia article. Articles need references to reliable third-party sources. (October 2022)">circular reference</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zimarra" class="extiw" title="de:Zimarra">Zimarra</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Wikipedia_and_sources_that_mirror_or_use_it" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="This claim cites another Wikipedia article. Articles need references to reliable third-party sources. (October 2022)">circular reference</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Schaube" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Schaube">images in Wikimedia Commons</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110404062750/http://aneafiles.webs.com/renaissancegallery/italian.html">"Dressing the Italian way"</a>. Aneafiles.webs.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aneafiles.webs.com/renaissancegallery/italian.html">the original</a> on 4 April 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dressing+the+Italian+way&rft.pub=Aneafiles.webs.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faneafiles.webs.com%2Frenaissancegallery%2Fitalian.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACassock" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://realmofvenus.renaissanceitaly.net/yourgarb/2008/Chris.htm">"The Italian Showcase – Chris at the Realm of Venus"</a>. Realmofvenus.renaissanceitaly.net. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150312090421/http://realmofvenus.renaissanceitaly.net/yourgarb/2008/Chris.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 12 March 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Italian+Showcase+%E2%80%93+Chris+at+the+Realm+of+Venus&rft.pub=Realmofvenus.renaissanceitaly.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frealmofvenus.renaissanceitaly.net%2Fyourgarb%2F2008%2FChris.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACassock" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFEdwards2011" class="citation book cs1">Edwards, Nina (15 December 2011). <i>On The Button</i>. I.B.Tauris. p. 178. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781848855847" title="Special:BookSources/9781848855847"><bdi>9781848855847</bdi></a>. <q>In the Roman Catholic version the 33 buttons are said to represent the years of Jesus's life; in the Anglican the 39 buttons are thought by some to represent the 39 Articles of Faith. The Ambrosian cassock has only five buttons, with a broad sash at the waist; the French cassock has buttons elegantly up the sleeves as in a modern lounge suit; Jesuits prefer a fly fastening and no buttons on show whatsoever.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=On+The+Button&rft.pages=178&rft.pub=I.B.Tauris&rft.date=2011-12-15&rft.isbn=9781848855847&rft.aulast=Edwards&rft.aufirst=Nina&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACassock" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.churchtimes.co.uk/articles/2010/26-november/features/features/out-of-the-question-peculiar-colour-of-cassocks">"Out of the question: Peculiar colour of cassocks"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Church_Times" title="Church Times">Church Times</a></i>. 26 November 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211028143553/https://www.churchtimes.co.uk/articles/2010/26-november/features/features/out-of-the-question-peculiar-colour-of-cassocks">Archived</a> from the original on 28 October 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Church+Times&rft.atitle=Out+of+the+question%3A+Peculiar+colour+of+cassocks&rft.date=2010-11-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.churchtimes.co.uk%2Farticles%2F2010%2F26-november%2Ffeatures%2Ffeatures%2Fout-of-the-question-peculiar-colour-of-cassocks&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACassock" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCharles2015" class="citation web cs1">Charles, Robert HG (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oldwestminsterslodge.org/Westminster%20School%20Odds%20and%20Ends.pdf">"Odds & Ends of Westminster School"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>OldWestMinstersLodge.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220212051230/http://oldwestminsterslodge.org/Westminster%20School%20Odds%20and%20Ends.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 12 February 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=OldWestMinstersLodge.org&rft.atitle=Odds+%26+Ends+of+Westminster+School&rft.date=2015&rft.aulast=Charles&rft.aufirst=Robert+HG&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Foldwestminsterslodge.org%2FWestminster%2520School%2520Odds%2520and%2520Ends.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACassock" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Wikipedia_and_sources_that_mirror_or_use_it" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The references may be using Wikipedia as a source (April 2022)">circular reporting?</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWallwork1986" class="citation book cs1">Wallwork, Norman (1986). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sacramental.org.uk/uploads/5/0/0/9/50096105/blackbirds_and_budgerigars_-_norman_wallwork.pdf"><i>Blackbirds and Budgerigars: Critical History of Methodist Liturgical Dress 1786–1986</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Stoke-on-Trent, England: Methodist Sacramental Society. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0951259917" title="Special:BookSources/978-0951259917"><bdi>978-0951259917</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221128201642/http://www.sacramental.org.uk/uploads/5/0/0/9/50096105/blackbirds_and_budgerigars_-_norman_wallwork.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 28 November 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Blackbirds+and+Budgerigars%3A+Critical+History+of+Methodist+Liturgical+Dress+1786%E2%80%931986&rft.place=Stoke-on-Trent%2C+England&rft.pub=Methodist+Sacramental+Society&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=978-0951259917&rft.aulast=Wallwork&rft.aufirst=Norman&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sacramental.org.uk%2Fuploads%2F5%2F0%2F0%2F9%2F50096105%2Fblackbirds_and_budgerigars_-_norman_wallwork.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACassock" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nikitatailor.com/shop/photographs/cassock/20rw.jpg">"See for example"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131023201829/http://www.nikitatailor.com/shop/photographs/cassock/20rw.jpg">Archived</a> from the original on 23 October 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=See+for+example&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nikitatailor.com%2Fshop%2Fphotographs%2Fcassock%2F20rw.jpg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACassock" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nikitatailor.com/shop/photographs/cassock/embrod.jpg">"See for example"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303233409/http://www.nikitatailor.com/shop/photographs/cassock/embrod.jpg">Archived</a> from the original on 3 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=See+for+example&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nikitatailor.com%2Fshop%2Fphotographs%2Fcassock%2Fembrod.jpg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACassock" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nikitatailor-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nikitatailor_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nikitatailor.com/shop/photographs/reassas/r20w.jpg">"Image: r20w.jpg, (111 × 252 px)"</a>. nikitatailor.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061016225410/http://www.nikitatailor.com/shop/photographs/reassas/r20w.jpg">Archived</a> from the original on 16 October 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 September</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Image%3A+r20w.jpg%2C+%28111+%C3%97+252+px%29&rft.pub=nikitatailor.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nikitatailor.com%2Fshop%2Fphotographs%2Freassas%2Fr20w.jpg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACassock" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nikitatailor2-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nikitatailor2_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nikitatailor.com/shop/photographs/vest/v1w.jpg">"Image: v1w.jpg, (135 × 252 px)"</a>. nikitatailor.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050912032450/http://www.nikitatailor.com/shop/photographs/vest/v1w.jpg">Archived</a> from the original on 12 September 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 September</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Image%3A+v1w.jpg%2C+%28135+%C3%97+252+px%29&rft.pub=nikitatailor.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nikitatailor.com%2Fshop%2Fphotographs%2Fvest%2Fv1w.jpg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACassock" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kwvestments-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-kwvestments_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110713174915/http://kwvestments.com/images/106ant_exot.jpg">"Image: 106ant_exot.jpg, (480 × 640 px)"</a>. kwvestments.com. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 September</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Image%3A+106ant_exot.jpg%2C+%28480+%C3%97+640+px%29&rft.pub=kwvestments.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkwvestments.com%2Fimages%2F106ant_exot.jpg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACassock" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nikitatailor3-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nikitatailor3_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nikitatailor.com/shop/photographs/coat/furw.jpg">"Image: furw.jpg, (121 × 252 px)"</a>. nikitatailor.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070615205546/http://www.nikitatailor.com/shop/photographs/coat/furw.jpg">Archived</a> from the original on 15 June 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 September</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Image%3A+furw.jpg%2C+%28121+%C3%97+252+px%29&rft.pub=nikitatailor.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nikitatailor.com%2Fshop%2Fphotographs%2Fcoat%2Ffurw.jpg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACassock" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cassock&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Cassocks" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Cassocks">Cassocks</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/16px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/24px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/32px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> The dictionary definition of <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cassock" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:cassock"><i>cassock</i></a> at Wiktionary</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output 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dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Clothing687" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist 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title="Clothing terminology">Terminology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_clothing_and_textiles_technology" title="Timeline of clothing and textiles technology">Timeline</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Headgear" title="Headgear">Headwear</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beret" title="Beret">Beret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cap" title="Cap">Cap</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baseball_cap" title="Baseball cap">baseball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flat_cap" title="Flat cap">flat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knit_cap" title="Knit cap">knit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown" title="Crown">Crown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hat" title="Hat">Hat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boater" title="Boater">boater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bowler_hat" title="Bowler hat">bowler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fedora" title="Fedora">fedora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homburg_hat" title="Homburg hat">homburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Top_hat" title="Top hat">top</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmet" title="Helmet">Helmet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hood_(headgear)" title="Hood (headgear)">Hood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerchief" title="Kerchief">Kerchief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mask" title="Mask">Mask</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turban" title="Turban">Turban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veil" title="Veil">Veil</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Neckwear" class="mw-redirect" title="Neckwear">Neckwear</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bands_(neckwear)" title="Bands (neckwear)">Bands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choker" title="Choker">Choker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collar_(clothing)" title="Collar (clothing)">Collar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clerical_collar" title="Clerical collar">Clerical</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pussy_bow" title="Pussy bow">Lavallière</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neckerchief" title="Neckerchief">Neckerchief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neck_gaiter" title="Neck gaiter">Neck gaiter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necktie" title="Necktie">Necktie</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ascot_tie" title="Ascot tie">ascot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolo_tie" title="Bolo tie">bolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bow_tie" title="Bow tie">bow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kipper_tie" title="Kipper tie">kipper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/School_tie" title="School tie">school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stock_tie" title="Stock tie">stock</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scarf" title="Scarf">Scarf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tippet" title="Tippet">Tippet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Underwear" title="Underwear">Underwear</a><br /> and <a href="/wiki/Lingerie" title="Lingerie">lingerie</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Top</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bra" title="Bra">Bra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camisole" title="Camisole">Camisole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Undershirt" title="Undershirt">Undershirt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bottom</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diaper" title="Diaper">Diaper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Training_pants" title="Training pants">Training pants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leggings" title="Leggings">Leggings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panties" title="Panties">Panties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plastic_pants" title="Plastic pants">Plastic pants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slip_(clothing)" title="Slip (clothing)">Slip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thong" title="Thong">Thong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underpants" title="Underpants">Underpants</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boxer_briefs" title="Boxer briefs">boxer briefs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxer_shorts" title="Boxer shorts">boxer shorts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Briefs" title="Briefs">briefs</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Full</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bodysuit" title="Bodysuit">Bodysuit, adult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infant_bodysuit" title="Infant bodysuit">Bodysuit, infant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_underwear" title="Long underwear">Long underwear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/See-through_clothing" title="See-through clothing">See-through</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teddy_(garment)" title="Teddy (garment)">Teddy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Top_(clothing)" title="Top (clothing)">Tops</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blouse" title="Blouse">Blouse</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cache-c%C5%93ur" title="Cache-cœur">cache-cœur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crop_top" title="Crop top">crop top</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halterneck" title="Halterneck">halterneck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tube_top" title="Tube top">tube top</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycling_jersey" title="Cycling jersey">Cycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurta" title="Kurta">Kurta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mantle_(clothing)" title="Mantle (clothing)">Mantle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirt" title="Shirt">Shirt</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dress_shirt" title="Dress shirt">dress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henley_shirt" title="Henley shirt">Henley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polo_shirt" title="Polo shirt">polo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sleeveless_shirt" title="Sleeveless shirt">sleeveless</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T-shirt" title="T-shirt">T</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crew_neck" title="Crew neck">crew neck</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweater" title="Sweater">Sweater</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cardigan_(sweater)" title="Cardigan (sweater)">cardigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guernsey_(clothing)" title="Guernsey (clothing)">guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoodie" title="Hoodie">hoodie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jersey_(clothing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jersey (clothing)">jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polo_neck" title="Polo neck">polo neck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrug_(clothing)" title="Shrug (clothing)">shrug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweater_vest" title="Sweater vest">sweater vest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twinset" title="Twinset">twinset</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waistcoat" title="Waistcoat">Waistcoat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bottoms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Trousers" title="Trousers">Trousers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bell-bottoms" title="Bell-bottoms">Bell-bottoms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bondage_pants" title="Bondage pants">Bondage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capri_pants" title="Capri pants">Capri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cargo_pants" title="Cargo pants">Cargo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaps" title="Chaps">Chaps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Formal_trousers" title="Formal trousers">Formal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Go-to-hell_pants" title="Go-to-hell pants">Go-to-hell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-rise_(fashion)" title="High-rise (fashion)">High water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Low-rise_(fashion)" title="Low-rise (fashion)">Lowrise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeans" title="Jeans">Jeans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jodhpurs" title="Jodhpurs">Jodhpurs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overalls" title="Overalls">Overalls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_pants" title="Palazzo pants">Palazzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parachute_pants" title="Parachute pants">Parachute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedal_pushers" title="Pedal pushers">Pedal pushers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phat_pants" title="Phat pants">Phat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shorts" title="Shorts">Shorts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bermuda_shorts" title="Bermuda shorts">Bermuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycling_shorts" title="Cycling shorts">cycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolphin_shorts" title="Dolphin shorts">dolphin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gym_shorts" title="Gym shorts">gym</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotpants" title="Hotpants">hotpants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Running_shorts" title="Running shorts">running</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slim-fit_pants" title="Slim-fit pants">Slim-fit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweatpants" title="Sweatpants">Sweatpants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windpants" class="mw-redirect" title="Windpants">Windpants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga_pants" title="Yoga pants">Yoga pants</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Skirt" title="Skirt">Skirts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A-line_(clothing)" title="A-line (clothing)">A-line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballerina_skirt" title="Ballerina skirt">Ballerina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denim_skirt" title="Denim skirt">Denim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Men%27s_skirts" title="Men's skirts">Men's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miniskirt" title="Miniskirt">Miniskirt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pencil_skirt" title="Pencil skirt">Pencil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prairie_skirt" class="mw-redirect" title="Prairie skirt">Prairie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rah-rah_skirt" title="Rah-rah skirt">Rah-rah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarong" title="Sarong">Sarong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skort" title="Skort">Skort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tutu_(clothing)" title="Tutu (clothing)">Tutu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrap_(clothing)" title="Wrap (clothing)">Wrap</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Full-Body<br />Wear</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Suit" title="Suit">Suits</a> and<br /><a href="/wiki/Uniform" title="Uniform">uniforms</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_dress" title="Ceremonial dress">Ceremonial dress</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academic_dress" title="Academic dress">academic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Court_dress" title="Court dress">court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_uniform" title="Diplomatic uniform">diplomatic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_costume" title="Folk costume">Folk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jodhpuri" title="Jodhpuri">Jodhpuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jumpsuit" title="Jumpsuit">Jumpsuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_uniform" title="Military uniform">Military</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Full_dress_uniform" title="Full dress uniform">full</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mess_dress_uniform" title="Mess dress uniform">mess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Service_dress_uniform" title="Service dress uniform">service</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sailor_suit" title="Sailor suit">sailor</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_uniform" title="Combat uniform">combat</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miner%27s_habit" title="Miner's habit">Miner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantsuit" title="Pantsuit">Pantsuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_uniform" title="Political uniform">Political</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_clothing" title="Religious clothing">Religious</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">cassock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clerical_clothing" title="Clerical clothing">clerical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vestment" title="Vestment">vestment</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/School_uniform" title="School uniform">School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prison_uniform" title="Prison uniform">Prison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workwear" title="Workwear">Workwear</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boilersuit" title="Boilersuit">boilersuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleanroom_suit" title="Cleanroom suit">cleanroom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hazmat_suit" title="Hazmat suit">hazmat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_suit" title="Space suit">space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scrubs_(clothing)" title="Scrubs (clothing)">scrubs</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dress" title="Dress">Dresses</a><br />and <a href="/wiki/Gown" title="Gown">gowns</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Formal, semi-<br />formal, informal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Backless_dress" title="Backless dress">Backless</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bouffant_gown" title="Bouffant gown">Bouffant gown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coatdress" title="Coatdress">Coatdress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocktail_dress" title="Cocktail dress">Cocktail</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Little_black_dress" title="Little black dress">little black</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evening_gown" title="Evening gown">Evening</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ball_gown" title="Ball gown">ball gown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debutante_dress" title="Debutante dress">debutante</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plain_dress" title="Plain dress">Plain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prairie_dress" title="Prairie dress">Prairie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_line" title="Princess line">Princess line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strapless_dress" title="Strapless dress">Strapless</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedding_dress" title="Wedding dress">Wedding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrap_dress" title="Wrap dress">Wrap</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Casual</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/House_dress" title="House dress">House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jumper_(dress)" title="Jumper (dress)">Jumper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romper_suit" title="Romper suit">Romper suit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheath_dress" title="Sheath dress">Sheath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shirtdress" title="Shirtdress">Shirtdress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slip_dress" title="Slip dress">Slip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sundress" title="Sundress">Sundress</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Coat" title="Coat">Coats</a><br />and<br /><a href="/wiki/List_of_outerwear" title="List of outerwear">outerwear</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Overcoats23" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Overcoat" title="Overcoat">Overcoats</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Car_coat" title="Car coat">Car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chesterfield_coat" title="Chesterfield coat">Chesterfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Covert_coat" title="Covert coat">Covert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duffel_coat" title="Duffel coat">Duffel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duster_(clothing)" title="Duster (clothing)">Duster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greatcoat" title="Greatcoat">Greatcoat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_Warm" title="British Warm">British Warm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guards_Coat" title="Guards Coat">Guards Coat</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greca_(clothing)" title="Greca (clothing)">Greca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Over-frock_coat" title="Over-frock coat">Over-frock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riding_coat" title="Riding coat">Riding</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shadbelly" title="Shadbelly">shadbelly</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trench_coat" title="Trench coat">Trench</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_coat" title="Ulster coat">Ulster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cloak" title="Cloak">Cloak</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Opera_cloak" title="Opera cloak">opera</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paletot" title="Paletot">Paletot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pea_coat" title="Pea coat">Pea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polo_coat" title="Polo coat">Polo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raincoat" title="Raincoat">Raincoat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mackintosh" title="Mackintosh">Mackintosh</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Suit coats</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frock_coat" title="Frock coat">Frock coat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bekishe" title="Bekishe">bekishe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rekel" title="Rekel">rekel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mess_jacket" title="Mess jacket">Mess jacket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suit_jacket" title="Suit jacket">Suit jacket</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blazer" title="Blazer">Blazer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoking_jacket" title="Smoking jacket">smoking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_coat" title="Sport coat">sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teba_jacket" title="Teba jacket">Teba</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tailcoat" title="Tailcoat">Tailcoat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/White_tie#Dress_coat" title="White tie">dress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morning_dress#Morning_coat" title="Morning dress">morning</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apron" title="Apron">Apron</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pinafore" title="Pinafore">pinafore</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blouson" title="Blouson">Blouson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cagoule" title="Cagoule">Cagoule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape" title="Cape">Cape</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ferraiolo" title="Ferraiolo">ferraiolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inverness_cape" title="Inverness cape">Inverness</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mantle_(clothing)" title="Mantle (clothing)">Mantle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mantle_(monastic_vesture)" title="Mantle (monastic vesture)">monastic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mantle_(royal_garment)" title="Mantle (royal garment)">royal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozzetta" title="Mozzetta">mozzetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pellegrina" title="Pellegrina">pellegrina</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coatee" title="Coatee">Coatee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cut-off" title="Cut-off">Cut-off</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilet" title="Gilet">Gilet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacket" title="Jacket">Jacket</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Down_jacket" title="Down jacket">down</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flight_jacket" title="Flight jacket">flight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goggle_jacket" title="Goggle jacket">goggle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrington_jacket" title="Harrington jacket">Harrington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leather_jacket" title="Leather jacket">leather</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mackinaw_jacket" title="Mackinaw jacket">mackinaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfolk_jacket" title="Norfolk jacket">Norfolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safari_jacket" title="Safari jacket">safari</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerkin_(garment)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jerkin (garment)">Jerkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_coat" title="White coat">Lab coat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parka" title="Parka">Parka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poncho" title="Poncho">Poncho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robe" title="Robe">Robe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bathrobe" title="Bathrobe">bathrobe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dressing_gown" title="Dressing gown">dressing gown</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shawl" title="Shawl">Shawl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ski_suit" title="Ski suit">Ski suit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sleeved_blanket" title="Sleeved blanket">Sleeved blanket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windbreaker" title="Windbreaker">Windbreaker</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nightwear" title="Nightwear">Nightwear</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Babydoll" title="Babydoll">Babydoll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babygrow" title="Babygrow">Babygrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blanket_sleeper" title="Blanket sleeper">Blanket sleeper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negligee" title="Negligee">Negligee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nightgown" title="Nightgown">Nightgown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nightshirt" title="Nightshirt">Nightshirt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pajamas" title="Pajamas">Pajamas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Swimsuit" title="Swimsuit">Swimwear</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bikini" title="Bikini">Bikini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burkini" title="Burkini">Burkini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boardshorts" title="Boardshorts">Boardshorts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dry_suit" title="Dry suit">Dry suit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monokini" title="Monokini">Monokini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One-piece_swimsuit" title="One-piece swimsuit">One-piece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rash_guard" title="Rash guard">Rash guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sling_swimsuit" title="Sling swimsuit">Sling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Square_leg_suit" class="mw-redirect" title="Square leg suit">Square leg suit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swim_briefs" title="Swim briefs">Swim briefs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swim_diaper" title="Swim diaper">Swim diaper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trunks_(clothing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Trunks (clothing)">Trunks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wetsuit" title="Wetsuit">Wetsuit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hosiery" title="Hosiery">Legwear</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sock" title="Sock">Sock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hold-ups" title="Hold-ups">Hold-ups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garter" title="Garter">Garter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantyhose" title="Pantyhose">Pantyhose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stocking" title="Stocking">Stocking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tights" title="Tights">Tights</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Footwear" title="Footwear">Footwear</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boot" title="Boot">Boot</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dress_boot" title="Dress boot">Dress boot</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flip-flops" title="Flip-flops">Flip-flops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandal" title="Sandal">Sandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoe" title="Shoe">Shoe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dress_shoe" title="Dress shoe">Dress shoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Court_shoe" title="Court shoe">Court shoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sneaker" class="mw-redirect" title="Sneaker">Sneaker</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slipper" title="Slipper">Slipper</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fashion_accessory" title="Fashion accessory">Accessories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Adornments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armband" title="Armband">Armband</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belt_(clothing)" title="Belt (clothing)">Belt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boutonni%C3%A8re" title="Boutonnière">Boutonnière</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coin_purse" title="Coin purse">Coin purse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cufflink" title="Cufflink">Cufflink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cummerbund" title="Cummerbund">Cummerbund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaiters" title="Gaiters">Gaiters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glasses" title="Glasses">Glasses</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sunglasses" title="Sunglasses">Sunglasses</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glove" title="Glove">Gloves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Headband" title="Headband">Headband</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handbag" title="Handbag">Handbag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inro" title="Inro">Inro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewellery" title="Jewellery">Jewellery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Livery" title="Livery">Livery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muff_(handwarmer)" title="Muff (handwarmer)">Muff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pocket_protector" title="Pocket protector">Pocket protector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pocket_watch" title="Pocket watch">Pocket watch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sash" title="Sash">Sash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spats_(footwear)" title="Spats (footwear)">Spats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suspenders" title="Suspenders">Suspenders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallet" title="Wallet">Wallet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watch" title="Watch">Watch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-worn items</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hand_fan" title="Hand fan">Hand fan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umbrella" title="Umbrella">Umbrella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walking_stick" title="Walking stick">Walking stick</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dress_code" title="Dress code">Dress codes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Western31" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Western_dress_codes" title="Western dress codes">Western</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Formal_wear" title="Formal wear">Formal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Morning_dress" title="Morning dress">morning dress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_tie" title="White tie">white tie</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semi-formal_wear" title="Semi-formal wear">Semi-formal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_lounge_suit" title="Black lounge suit">black lounge suit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_tie" title="Black tie">black tie</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Informal_wear" title="Informal wear">Informal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Business_casual" title="Business casual">Business casual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smart_casual" title="Smart casual">Smart casual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casual_wear" title="Casual wear">Casual</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clothing_fetish" title="Clothing fetish">Clothing fetish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clothing_swap" title="Clothing swap">Clothing swap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costume" title="Costume">Costume</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Creature_suit" title="Creature suit">creature suit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halloween_costume" title="Halloween costume">Halloween costume</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross-dressing" title="Cross-dressing">Cross-dressing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_impact_of_fashion" title="Environmental impact of fashion">Environmental impact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion" title="Fashion">Fashion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haute_couture" title="Haute couture">haute couture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Made-to-measure" title="Made-to-measure">made-to-measure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ready-to-wear" title="Ready-to-wear">ready-to-wear</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fur_clothing" title="Fur clothing">Fur clothing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_types_of_fur" title="List of types of fur">types</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fursuit" title="Fursuit">Fursuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_trade_of_secondhand_clothing" title="Global trade of secondhand clothing">Global trade of secondhand clothing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laundry" title="Laundry">Laundry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clothing_laws_by_country" title="Clothing laws by country">Laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_individual_dresses" title="List of individual dresses">List of individual dresses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reconstructed_clothing" title="Reconstructed clothing">Reconstructed clothing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_to_clothing" title="Right to clothing">Right to clothing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vintage_clothing" title="Vintage clothing">Vintage clothing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emojione_1F458.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Emojione_1F458.svg/28px-Emojione_1F458.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Emojione_1F458.svg/42px-Emojione_1F458.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Emojione_1F458.svg/56px-Emojione_1F458.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Clothing" title="Portal:Clothing">Clothing portal</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" 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