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class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Top</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Herodes'_weg_naar_het_koningschap" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Herodes'_weg_naar_het_koningschap"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Herodes' weg naar het koningschap</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Herodes'_weg_naar_het_koningschap-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Herodes_en_het_hogepriesterschap" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Herodes_en_het_hogepriesterschap"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Herodes en het hogepriesterschap</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Herodes_en_het_hogepriesterschap-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Herodes'_bouwwerken" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Herodes'_bouwwerken"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Herodes' bouwwerken</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Herodes'_bouwwerken-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Populariteit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Populariteit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Populariteit</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Populariteit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Herodes'_huwelijken_en_nakomelingen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Herodes'_huwelijken_en_nakomelingen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Herodes' huwelijken en nakomelingen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Herodes'_huwelijken_en_nakomelingen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dood,_begrafenis_en_graf" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dood,_begrafenis_en_graf"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Dood, begrafenis en graf</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dood,_begrafenis_en_graf-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Herodes_in_het_Nieuwe_Testament" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Herodes_in_het_Nieuwe_Testament"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Herodes in het Nieuwe Testament</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Herodes_in_het_Nieuwe_Testament-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Herodes in het Nieuwe Testament-subkopje inklappen</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Herodes_in_het_Nieuwe_Testament-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Jezus'_geboorte_en_de_kindermoord" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jezus'_geboorte_en_de_kindermoord"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Jezus' geboorte en de kindermoord</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jezus'_geboorte_en_de_kindermoord-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Datering_Herodes'_sterfjaar_en_Jezus'_geboortejaar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Datering_Herodes'_sterfjaar_en_Jezus'_geboortejaar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Datering Herodes' sterfjaar en Jezus' geboortejaar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Datering_Herodes'_sterfjaar_en_Jezus'_geboortejaar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externe_link" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externe_link"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Externe link</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externe_link-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_de_Nederlandse_literatuur" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_de_Nederlandse_literatuur"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>In de Nederlandse literatuur</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_de_Nederlandse_literatuur-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Inhoudsopgave" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhoudsopgave omschakelen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhoudsopgave omschakelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Herodes de Grote</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ga naar een artikel in een andere taal. Beschikbaar in 70 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-70" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">70 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herodes_die_Grote" title="Herodes die Grote – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Herodes die Grote" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%84" title="هيرودس الأول – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هيرودس الأول" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84" title="هيرودس الاول – Egyptisch Arabisch" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="هيرودس الاول" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptisch Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D8%B2%D8%B1%D9%82" title="هیرود بزرق – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="هیرود بزرق" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%92%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Ірад Вялікі – Belarussisch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ірад Вялікі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4_I_%D0%92%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Ірад I Вялікі – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Ірад I Вялікі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Ирод Велики – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ирод Велики" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herodez_Veur" title="Herodez Veur – Bretons" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Herodez Veur" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretons" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herodes_el_Gran" title="Herodes el Gran – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Herodes el Gran" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C4%AD-l%C5%ADk_U%C3%B2ng" title="Hĭ-lŭk Uòng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Hĭ-lŭk Uòng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herodes_Velik%C3%BD" title="Herodes Veliký – Tsjechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Herodes Veliký" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%81%D0%BB%C4%83_%D0%98%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4_I" title="Аслă Ирод I – Tsjoevasjisch" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Аслă Ирод I" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Tsjoevasjisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herod_Fawr" title="Herod Fawr – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Herod Fawr" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herodes_den_Store" title="Herodes den Store – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Herodes den Store" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="uitgelicht artikel"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herodes" title="Herodes – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Herodes" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%97%CF%81%CF%8E%CE%B4%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%BF_%CE%9C%CE%AD%CE%B3%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Ηρώδης ο Μέγας – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ηρώδης ο Μέγας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herod_the_Great" title="Herod the Great – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Herod the Great" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herodo_la_Granda" title="Herodo la Granda – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Herodo la Granda" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herodes_I_el_Grande" title="Herodes I el Grande – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Herodes I el Grande" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herodes" title="Herodes – Estisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Herodes" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herodes_I.a_Handia" title="Herodes I.a Handia – Baskisch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Herodes I.a Handia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D8%B2%D8%B1%DA%AF" title="هرود بزرگ – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هرود بزرگ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="uitgelicht artikel"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herodes" title="Herodes – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Herodes" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A9rode_Ier_le_Grand" title="Hérode Ier le Grand – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Hérode Ier le Grand" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herodes_de_Grutte" title="Herodes de Grutte – Fries" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Herodes de Grutte" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%A9ar%C3%B3d_M%C3%B3r" title="Héaród Mór – Iers" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Héaród Mór" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herodes" title="Herodes – Galicisch" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Herodes" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%93%D7%95%D7%A1" title="הורדוס – Hebreeuws" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הורדוס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A6_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="हेरोद महान – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="हेरोद महान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herod_I._Veliki" title="Herod I. Veliki – Kroatisch" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Herod I. Veliki" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/I._Her%C3%B3des_zsid%C3%B3_kir%C3%A1ly" title="I. Heródes zsidó király – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="I. Heródes zsidó király" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%80%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%BE%D5%A4%D5%A5%D5%BD_I_%D5%84%D5%A5%D5%AE" title="Հերովդես I Մեծ – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Հերովդես I Մեծ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herodes_Agung" title="Herodes Agung – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Herodes Agung" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erode_il_Grande" title="Erode il Grande – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Erode il Grande" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%98%E3%83%AD%E3%83%87%E5%A4%A7%E7%8E%8B" title="ヘロデ大王 – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヘロデ大王" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%B0%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%93%E1%83%94_I_%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%98" title="ჰეროდე I დიდი – Georgisch" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჰეროდე I დიდი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Ирод – Kazachs" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ирод" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazachs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%97%A4%EB%A1%9C%EB%8D%B0_1%EC%84%B8" title="헤로데 1세 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="헤로데 1세" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%AArod%C3%AAs%C3%AA_Mezin" title="Hêrodêsê Mezin – Koerdisch" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Hêrodêsê Mezin" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Koerdisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herodes_Magnus" title="Herodes Magnus – Latijn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Herodes Magnus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latijn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erodas_I_Didysis" title="Erodas I Didysis – Litouws" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Erodas I Didysis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litouws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C4%93rods_Lielais" title="Hērods Lielais – Lets" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Hērods Lielais" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Lets" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Her%C3%B4da_Lehibe" title="Herôda Lehibe – Malagassisch" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Herôda Lehibe" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagassisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Ирод Велики – Macedonisch" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Ирод Велики" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herodes_den_store" title="Herodes den store – Noors - Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Herodes den store" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Noors - Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herodes_den_store" title="Herodes den store – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Herodes den store" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Er%C3%B2des_lo_Grand" title="Eròdes lo Grand – Occitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Eròdes lo Grand" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herod_Wielki" title="Herod Wielki – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Herod Wielki" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herodes" title="Herodes – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Herodes" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irod_cel_Mare" title="Irod cel Mare – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Irod cel Mare" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4_I_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Ирод I Великий – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ирод I Великий" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herod_Veliki" title="Herod Veliki – Servo-Kroatisch" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Herod Veliki" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Servo-Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herod_the_Great" title="Herod the Great – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Herod the Great" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herodes_Ve%C4%BEk%C3%BD" title="Herodes Veľký – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Herodes Veľký" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herod_Veliki" title="Herod Veliki – Sloveens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Herod Veliki" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloveens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Ирод Велики – Servisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ирод Велики" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Servisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herodes_den_store" title="Herodes den store – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Herodes den store" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herode_Mkuu" title="Herode Mkuu – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Herode Mkuu" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%8F%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81" title="முதலாம் ஏரோது – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="முதலாம் ஏரோது" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%88%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AE%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A" title="พระเจ้าเฮโรดมหาราช – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พระเจ้าเฮโรดมหาราช" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herodes_ang_Dakila" title="Herodes ang Dakila – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Herodes ang Dakila" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hirodes" title="Hirodes – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Hirodes" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4_I_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Ірод I Великий – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ірод I Великий" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%B3" title="ہیرودیس – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ہیرودیس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herodes_C%E1%BA%A3" title="Herodes Cả – Vietnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Herodes Cả" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herodes_nga_Harangdon" title="Herodes nga Harangdon – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Herodes nga Harangdon" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E5%BE%8B%E5%A4%A7%E7%8E%8B" title="希律大王 – Wuyu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="希律大王" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link 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cellspacing="1"> <tbody><tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:#eaeaea; color:inherit; text-align:center; font-size:120%;" colspan="3">Herodes I de Grote </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;" colspan="3">ca. <a href="/wiki/73_v.Chr." title="73 v.Chr.">73 v.Chr.</a> – <a href="/wiki/4_v.Chr." title="4 v.Chr.">4 v.Chr.</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center; padding:0;" colspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:HerodtheGreat2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Herodes de Grote" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/HerodtheGreat2.jpg/266px-HerodtheGreat2.jpg" decoding="async" width="266" height="244" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/HerodtheGreat2.jpg/399px-HerodtheGreat2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/HerodtheGreat2.jpg/532px-HerodtheGreat2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="551" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:#eaeaea; color:inherit; text-align:center;" colspan="3">Vazalkoning van Judea </th></tr> <tr> <th>Periode </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/37_v.Chr." title="37 v.Chr.">37 v.Chr.</a> - <a href="/wiki/4_v.Chr." title="4 v.Chr.">4 v.Chr.</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Voorganger </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Hyrkanus_II" title="Hyrkanus II">Hyrkanus II</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Opvolger </th> <td colspan="2">zijn zonen <a href="/wiki/Herodes_Archela%C3%BCs" title="Herodes Archelaüs">Herodes Archelaüs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Herodes_Antipas" title="Herodes Antipas">Herodes Antipas</a> en <a href="/wiki/Filippus_(tetrarch)" title="Filippus (tetrarch)">Filippus</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:#eaeaea; color:inherit;" colspan="3"> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Vader </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Antipater_(Idumea)" title="Antipater (Idumea)">Antipater</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Moeder </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Cypros_(Antipater)" title="Cypros (Antipater)">Cypros</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Dynastie </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Herodianen_(dynastie)" title="Herodianen (dynastie)">Herodianen</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Partner </th> <td colspan="2">zie <a href="#Herodes'_huwelijken_en_nakomelingen">Herodes' huwelijken en nakomelingen</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Kinderen </th> <td colspan="2"><a href="#Herodes'_huwelijken_en_nakomelingen">Herodes' huwelijken en nakomelingen</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th class="infobox-kop notheme" style="background-color:#eaeaea; color:inherit;" colspan="3"> </th></tr> <tr> <td class="ta-center" colspan="3">Bron: <a href="/wiki/Flavius_Josephus" title="Flavius Josephus">Flavius Josephus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nieuwe_Testament" title="Nieuwe Testament">Nieuwe Testament</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="infobox-kop notheme center" style="background-color:#eaeaea; color:inherit;" colspan="3"> <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle;"><b>Portaal</b>  <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Portal.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portaalicoon"><img alt="Portaalicoon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/22px-Portal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/33px-Portal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/44px-Portal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="32" /></a></span>   </td> <td class="ta-left"><b><a href="/wiki/Portaal:Oudheid" title="Portaal:Oudheid">Oudheid</a> </b> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Herod_coin1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a7/Herod_coin1.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="129" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="260" data-file-height="129" /></a><figcaption>Koperen munt uit de tijd van Herodes de Grote</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Herodes I de Grote</b> (ca. <a href="/wiki/73_v.Chr." title="73 v.Chr.">73 v.Chr.</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jericho_(stad)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jericho (stad)">Jericho</a>, <a href="/wiki/4_v.Chr." title="4 v.Chr.">4 v.Chr.</a><sup id="cite_ref-Perowne_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Perowne-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Knoblet_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Knoblet-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) was van <a href="/wiki/37_v.Chr." title="37 v.Chr.">37 v.Chr.</a> tot <a href="/wiki/4_v.Chr." title="4 v.Chr.">4 v.Chr.</a> een vazalkoning onder de <a href="/wiki/Romeinse_Republiek" title="Romeinse Republiek">Romeinen</a> over delen van <a href="/wiki/Judea" title="Judea">Judea</a>. Hij was heerser ten tijde van de geboorte van <a href="/wiki/Jezus_(traditioneel-christelijk)" title="Jezus (traditioneel-christelijk)">Jezus</a> en was de eerste en belangrijkste koning binnen de <a href="/wiki/Herodianen_(dynastie)" title="Herodianen (dynastie)">Herodiaanse dynastie</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gedurende de middeleeuwen was hij bekend onder de naam Herodes Ascalonita<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> om hem te onderscheiden van <a href="/wiki/Herodes_Antipas" title="Herodes Antipas">Herodes Antipas</a> en <a href="/wiki/Herodes_Agrippa_I" title="Herodes Agrippa I">Herodes Agrippa</a>, die beiden ook een rol spelen in de wereld van het <a href="/wiki/Nieuwe_Testament" title="Nieuwe Testament">Nieuwe Testament</a>. </p><p>Herodes was een zoon van <a href="/wiki/Antipater_(Idumea)" title="Antipater (Idumea)">Antipater</a> en <a href="/wiki/Cypros_(Antipater)" title="Cypros (Antipater)">Cypros</a>. Herodes wordt ook wel <i>Herodes de Bouwer</i> genoemd. Hij liet onder andere de <a href="/wiki/Haven" title="Haven">haven</a> van <a href="/wiki/Caesarea_(Maritima)" title="Caesarea (Maritima)">Caesarea</a> aanleggen en de <a href="/wiki/Joodse_tempel#Tweede_tempel" title="Joodse tempel">tweede tempel</a> te <a href="/wiki/Jeruzalem" title="Jeruzalem">Jeruzalem</a> restaureren. Veel van wat over zijn leven, familie en regering bekend is, is overgeleverd door de <a href="/wiki/Historicus" title="Historicus">historicus</a> <a href="/wiki/Flavius_Josephus" title="Flavius Josephus">Flavius Josephus</a>. Op zijn werken zijn ook de data van zijn geboorte en overlijden gebaseerd. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Herodes'_weg_naar_het_koningschap"><span id="Herodes.27_weg_naar_het_koningschap"></span>Herodes' weg naar het koningschap</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herodes_de_Grote&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Herodes' weg naar het koningschap" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herodes_de_Grote&action=edit&section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Herodes' weg naar het koningschap"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Rijk_Herodes_de_Grote.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Rijk_Herodes_de_Grote.PNG/260px-Rijk_Herodes_de_Grote.PNG" decoding="async" width="260" height="297" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Rijk_Herodes_de_Grote.PNG/390px-Rijk_Herodes_de_Grote.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Rijk_Herodes_de_Grote.PNG/520px-Rijk_Herodes_de_Grote.PNG 2x" data-file-width="740" data-file-height="845" /></a><figcaption>Het rijk van Herodes de Grote</figcaption></figure> <p>In de ruim honderd jaar voorafgaand aan Herodes' regering werd het gebied geregeerd door de <a href="/wiki/Hasmonee%C3%ABn" title="Hasmoneeën">Hasmoneeën</a> (die de ambten van koning en <a href="/wiki/Hogepriester" title="Hogepriester">hogepriester</a> combineerden). In <a href="/wiki/63_v.Chr." title="63 v.Chr.">63 v.Chr.</a> maakte de Romeinse generaal <a href="/wiki/Pompeius" title="Pompeius">Pompeius</a> echter een einde aan het zelfstandig Hasmonees bestuur en werd <a href="/wiki/Judea" title="Judea">Judea</a> (waartoe ook <a href="/wiki/Idumea" class="mw-redirect" title="Idumea">Idumea</a> en <a href="/wiki/Samaria_(regio)" title="Samaria (regio)">Samaria</a> gerekend werden) een vazalstaat van de Romeinen. Deze werd bestuurd door <a href="/wiki/Hyrcanus_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyrcanus II">Hyrcanus II</a>, die optrad als hogepriester en later ook de titel <a href="/wiki/Ethnarch" title="Ethnarch">ethnarch</a> mocht voeren. In deze periode was Herodes' vader, <a href="/wiki/Antipater_(Idumea)" title="Antipater (Idumea)">Antipater</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gouverneur" title="Gouverneur">gouverneur</a> van <a href="/wiki/Edom" title="Edom">Idumea</a> en adviseur van <a href="/wiki/Hyrkanus_II" title="Hyrkanus II">Hyrcanus II</a>. Mede doordat Hyrcanus een niet erg daadkrachtige persoonlijkheid had, nam Antipaters politieke invloed steeds meer toe. Steeds meer betrok Antipater ook zijn zonen Herodes en <a href="/wiki/Phasa%C3%ABl_(persoon)" class="mw-redirect" title="Phasaël (persoon)">Phasaël</a> bij politieke en militaire acties. </p><p>Antipater en zijn zonen steunden de Romeinen onvoorwaardelijk. Toen <a href="/wiki/Julius_Caesar" title="Julius Caesar">Julius Caesar</a> in <a href="/wiki/48_v.Chr." title="48 v.Chr.">48 v.Chr.</a> ingreep in de strijd rondom de Egyptische troonopvolging (zie bij <a href="/wiki/Cleopatra_VII" title="Cleopatra VII">Cleopatra VII</a>), was zijn succes mede te danken aan Antipater, die snel met een leger ter plaatse was. Als dank werd Antipater benoemd tot <a href="/wiki/Procurator" title="Procurator">procurator</a> over Judea. Herodes en Phasaël ontvingen de titel <a href="/wiki/Tetrarch_(vazalvorst)" title="Tetrarch (vazalvorst)">tetrarch</a>. Herodes werd bovendien benoemd tot gouverneur van <a href="/wiki/Galilea_(streek)" title="Galilea (streek)">Galilea</a>, hoewel hij nog maar 25 jaar oud was. Daarbij had hij de steun van Rome, maar het <a href="/wiki/Sanhedrin_(gerechtshof)" title="Sanhedrin (gerechtshof)">Sanhedrin</a> maakte bezwaar tegen zijn buitengewone wreedheid. In 43 v.Chr. bood Antipater financiële steun aan degenen die <a href="/wiki/Julius_Caesar" title="Julius Caesar">Julius Caesar</a> hadden vermoord. Antipater werd in 43 v.Chr. vergiftigd. Herodes executeerde de dader of daders hiervan met steun van het Romeinse leger. Na de <a href="/wiki/Slag_bij_Philippi" title="Slag bij Philippi">slag bij Philippi</a>, eind 42 v.Chr., wist hij <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Antonius" title="Marcus Antonius">Marcus Antonius</a> en <a href="/wiki/Octavianus" class="mw-redirect" title="Octavianus">Octavianus</a> ervan te overtuigen dat men zijn vader gedwongen had om Caesars moordenaars te helpen. Herodes kreeg hierna de titel <a href="/wiki/Tetrarch_(vazalvorst)" title="Tetrarch (vazalvorst)">tetrarch</a> van Galilea van de Romeinen. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Prise_de_J%C3%A9rusalem_par_H%C3%A9rode_le_Grand.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Prise_de_J%C3%A9rusalem_par_H%C3%A9rode_le_Grand.jpg/250px-Prise_de_J%C3%A9rusalem_par_H%C3%A9rode_le_Grand.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="288" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Prise_de_J%C3%A9rusalem_par_H%C3%A9rode_le_Grand.jpg/375px-Prise_de_J%C3%A9rusalem_par_H%C3%A9rode_le_Grand.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Prise_de_J%C3%A9rusalem_par_H%C3%A9rode_le_Grand.jpg/500px-Prise_de_J%C3%A9rusalem_par_H%C3%A9rode_le_Grand.jpg 2x" data-file-width="520" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Intocht in Jeruzalem in 36 v.Chr. <br /> door <a href="/wiki/Jean_Fouquet" title="Jean Fouquet">Jean Fouquet</a></figcaption></figure> <p>De directe aanleiding voor Herodes' koningschap was echter de <a href="/wiki/Staatsgreep" title="Staatsgreep">staatsgreep</a> van <a href="/wiki/Antigonus_(Hasmonee%C3%ABn)" title="Antigonus (Hasmoneeën)">Antigonus</a> in <a href="/wiki/40_v.Chr." title="40 v.Chr.">40 v.Chr.</a>, die, met hulp van de aartsvijand van Rome, de <a href="/wiki/Parthische_Rijk" title="Parthische Rijk">Parthen</a>, het Hasmonese rijk probeerde te herstellen toen Antipater reeds was gestorven. De hogepriester Hyrcanus II werd gevangengenomen en zou later geen politieke rol meer spelen. Phasaël werd ook gevangengenomen en pleegde in gevangenschap <a href="/wiki/Zelfmoord" title="Zelfmoord">zelfmoord</a>. Herodes wist echter aan Antigonus te ontkomen en vertrok naar <a href="/wiki/Rome_(stad)" title="Rome (stad)">Rome</a>. </p><p>De <a href="/wiki/Senaat_(Rome)" title="Senaat (Rome)">Senaat</a> maakte hem bij die gelegenheid Koning der <a href="/wiki/Joden" title="Joden">Joden</a>, met de hartelijke instemming van zowel <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Antonius" title="Marcus Antonius">Marcus Antonius</a> als <a href="/wiki/Augustus_(keizer)" title="Augustus (keizer)">Octavianus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Herodes keerde terug naar Judea om <a href="/wiki/Antigonus_(Hasmonee%C3%ABn)" title="Antigonus (Hasmoneeën)">Antigonus</a> zijn koninkrijk weer af te nemen. Tegelijkertijd trouwde hij met <a href="/wiki/Mariamne" title="Mariamne">Mariamne</a>, het tienernichtje van Antigonus, in een poging de troon over te nemen en de gunst van de Joden te winnen. Herodes was echter al getrouwd met <a href="/wiki/Doris_(mythologie)" title="Doris (mythologie)">Doris</a> en had een zoontje van drie jaar oud, <a href="/wiki/Antipater_(zoon_van_Herodes)" title="Antipater (zoon van Herodes)">Antipater</a>, dat hij verstootte. Drie jaar later, in 37 v.Chr., namen Herodes en de Romeinen <a href="/wiki/Jeruzalem" title="Jeruzalem">Jeruzalem</a> in en werd Antigonus terechtgesteld. Herodes had nu de macht over heel Judea en droeg de titel <a href="/wiki/Basileus" title="Basileus">basileus</a>, (Gr. Βασιλευς), koning. Ook werden andere Joodse gebieden, die voorheen tot het Hasmonese rijk hadden behoord, aan Judea toegevoegd. Hierdoor regeerde Herodes over een gebied dat in omvang vergelijkbaar was aan dat van het Hasmonese rijk vanaf de tijd van <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Janne%C3%BCs" title="Alexander Janneüs">Alexander Janneüs</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Herodes_en_het_hogepriesterschap">Herodes en het hogepriesterschap</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herodes_de_Grote&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Herodes en het hogepriesterschap" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herodes_de_Grote&action=edit&section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Herodes en het hogepriesterschap"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Eerdere heersers uit de <a href="/wiki/Dynastie" title="Dynastie">dynastie</a> van de <a href="/wiki/Hasmonee%C3%ABn" title="Hasmoneeën">Hasmoneeën</a> bekleedden naast het koningschap ook het ambt van <a href="/wiki/Hogepriester" title="Hogepriester">hogepriester</a>. Voor Herodes was dat vanwege zijn <a href="/wiki/Edom" title="Edom">Idumeese</a> afkomst niet mogelijk. Hij was dan ook gedwongen een hogepriester te benoemen van buiten zijn eigen familie. Dit was voor Herodes niet zonder risico, aangezien de hogepriester een grote invloed had op de publieke opinie en ook op politiek vlak een belangrijke factor was. Om te voorkomen dat de macht van de hogepriester te groot zou worden, behield Herodes zich het recht voor niet alleen een hogepriester te kunnen benoemen, maar deze ook te kunnen afzetten als dat in zijn ogen nodig was. Herodes' opvolgers volgden deze politiek ook, zodat er in de <a href="/wiki/Lijst_van_hogepriesters_van_Isra%C3%ABl#Herodiaanse_periode" title="Lijst van hogepriesters van Israël">Herodiaanse periode veel verschillende hogepriesters</a> zijn geweest. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Herodes'_bouwwerken"><span id="Herodes.27_bouwwerken"></span>Herodes' bouwwerken</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herodes_de_Grote&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Herodes' bouwwerken" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herodes_de_Grote&action=edit&section=3" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Herodes' bouwwerken"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Tempelberg_zu_Zeiten_Herodes_-_Rekonstruktion.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Tempelberg_zu_Zeiten_Herodes_-_Rekonstruktion.JPG/250px-Tempelberg_zu_Zeiten_Herodes_-_Rekonstruktion.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Tempelberg_zu_Zeiten_Herodes_-_Rekonstruktion.JPG/375px-Tempelberg_zu_Zeiten_Herodes_-_Rekonstruktion.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Tempelberg_zu_Zeiten_Herodes_-_Rekonstruktion.JPG/500px-Tempelberg_zu_Zeiten_Herodes_-_Rekonstruktion.JPG 2x" data-file-width="858" data-file-height="517" /></a><figcaption>Tempelberg ten tijde van Herodes</figcaption></figure> <p>Herodes stond bekend als een groot bouwer, waarbij hij zich duidelijk liet inspireren door de <a href="/wiki/Romeinse_architectuur" title="Romeinse architectuur">Romeinse architectuur</a>. Dit is goed te zien in het door hem gebouwde <a href="/wiki/Caesarea_(Maritima)" title="Caesarea (Maritima)">Caesarea</a>. Hij bouwde hier verschillende typisch Romeinse constructies, zoals een <a href="/wiki/Amfitheater" title="Amfitheater">amfitheater</a>, een <a href="/wiki/Circus_(gebouw)" title="Circus (gebouw)">hippodroom</a> en een <a href="/wiki/Aquaduct_(watergang)" title="Aquaduct (watergang)">aquaduct</a>. Zijn <a href="/wiki/Paleis_van_Herodes_(Caesarea)" title="Paleis van Herodes (Caesarea)">paleis in Caesarea</a> heeft ook diverse typisch Romeinse kenmerken. Deze <a href="/wiki/Badplaats" title="Badplaats">kustplaats</a> werd dan ook al zeer snel het grote centrum van het oostelijk deel van het <a href="/wiki/Romeinse_Rijk" title="Romeinse Rijk">Romeinse Rijk</a>. </p><p>Behalve de stad Caesarea heeft Herodes een aantal andere steden gesticht of hersticht, waaronder <a href="/wiki/Samaria_(stad)" title="Samaria (stad)">Sebaste</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antipatris" title="Antipatris">Antipatris</a> en <a href="/wiki/Phasa%C3%ABlis" title="Phasaëlis">Phasaëlis</a>. Hij bouwde ook voor zichzelf paleizen: in <a href="/wiki/Herodion" title="Herodion">Herodion</a> bij Jeruzalem, het <a href="/wiki/Paleis_van_Herodes_(Caesarea)" title="Paleis van Herodes (Caesarea)">zomerpaleis in Caesarea</a> en het <a href="/wiki/Winterpaleis_bij_Jericho" title="Winterpaleis bij Jericho">winterpaleis bij Jericho</a>. Tevens versterkte hij diverse <a href="/wiki/Burcht_(kasteel)" title="Burcht (kasteel)">burchten</a>. De belangrijkste burcht was <a href="/wiki/Massada" title="Massada">Masada</a>, een vesting op een <a href="/wiki/Plateau_(geografie)" title="Plateau (geografie)">plateau</a> bij de <a href="/wiki/Dode_Zee" title="Dode Zee">Dode Zee</a>. Deze vesting was bijna niet in te nemen, omdat het plateau waarop het lag erg hoog was en er maar één weg omhoog leidde: een smal, steil slangenpad. Voordat iemand boven was, was die allang neergeschoten door het grote aantal Romeinse soldaten dat daar was geplaatst. Een andere burcht die hij liet bouwen was de burcht <a href="/wiki/Antonia_(burcht)" title="Antonia (burcht)">Antonia</a>, die naast de <a href="/wiki/Joodse_tempel" title="Joodse tempel">Tempel</a> in <a href="/wiki/Jeruzalem" title="Jeruzalem">Jeruzalem</a> lag. Deze burcht werd vooral gebruikt om de stad Jeruzalem in de hand te houden. Deze lag tevens naast de Tempel om bij rellen snel op het grote plein te kunnen ingrijpen. </p><p>Herodes' belangrijkste bouwactiviteit tijdens zijn regering was de verfraaiing van de Tempel in Jeruzalem. Van omstreeks <a href="/wiki/19_v.Chr." title="19 v.Chr.">19 v.Chr.</a> tot <a href="/wiki/9_v.Chr." title="9 v.Chr.">9 v.Chr.</a> werd er zeer intensief aan de renovatie en uitbreiding van de tempel gewerkt, maar het duurde nog enkele decennia voordat al Herodes' plannen waren verwezenlijkt. Herodes zelf was toen al lang overleden. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Populariteit">Populariteit</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herodes_de_Grote&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Populariteit" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herodes_de_Grote&action=edit&section=4" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Populariteit"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Herodes was een bekwaam bestuurder en bleef de keizerlijke macht in <a href="/wiki/Rome_(stad)" title="Rome (stad)">Rome</a> zijn hele leven trouw. Hij was erg populair bij <a href="/wiki/Keizer" title="Keizer">keizer</a> <a href="/wiki/Gaius_Julius_Caesar_Octavianus" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus">Augustus</a>, maar bij de <a href="/wiki/Joden" title="Joden">Joden</a> was zijn populariteit ver te zoeken. Dat omdat hij niet uit het land <a href="/wiki/Judea" title="Judea">Judea</a> kwam en geen Joodse ouders had, waardoor hij een vreemdeling bleef bij de <a href="/wiki/Joden" title="Joden">Joden</a>. Zelfs zijn huwelijk met de Hasmonese prinses <a href="/wiki/Mariamne" title="Mariamne">Mariamne</a> kon hierin geen verandering brengen. Ook werkte Herodes zeer nauw samen met de <a href="/wiki/Romeinse_Rijk" title="Romeinse Rijk">Romeinen</a>, wat de Joden hem bijzonder kwalijk namen, omdat de Romeinen de bezetters waren van <a href="/wiki/Judea" title="Judea">Judea</a>. Door de grote geschenken die Herodes aan andere vazalkoningen en aan hooggeplaatste Romeinen (in het bijzonder de keizer) schonk, was de belastingdruk op zijn Joodse onderdanen erg hoog. </p><p>Herodes stond bekend als zeer gewelddadig en sloeg geregeld opstanden hard neer. Ook liet hij 45 leden van de joodse Hoge Raad (het <a href="/wiki/Sanhedrin_(gerechtshof)" title="Sanhedrin (gerechtshof)">Sanhedrin</a>) vermoorden, omdat die een plan van Herodes tegenwerkten. De Joden namen Herodes het meest kwalijk dat hij een schild met een afbeelding van een Romeinse <a href="/wiki/Arend_(roofvogel)" title="Arend (roofvogel)">adelaar</a> boven de ingang van de tempel had bevestigd. Het voor de Joden meest heilige gebouw droeg hierdoor het symbool van de Romeinse overheersing, wat door Joden niet alleen als een vernedering werd ervaren, maar ook als <a href="/wiki/Godslastering" title="Godslastering">godslastering</a>. Dit laat zich tevens verklaren vanuit de <a href="/wiki/Thora" title="Thora">Thora</a>, uit de teksten in de tien geboden (in <a href="/wiki/Exodus_(boek)" title="Exodus (boek)">Exodus</a> 20:3-17 en <a href="/wiki/Deuteronomium" title="Deuteronomium">Deuteronomium</a> 5:7-21). </p><p>Na enkele jaren werd Herodes zo gehaat dat hij zich nergens meer veilig voelde. Hij wantrouwde iedereen die een gevaar voor hem kon zijn en was constant op zijn hoede voor een mogelijke staatsgreep. Veel Joden in hoge posities kwamen vroeg of laat onder verdenking te staan, meestal onterecht. Herodes liet zelfs sommigen van zijn eigen familieleden vermoorden. Hij had zijn jeugdige zwager Aristobulus voor zijn ogen in bad laten verdrinken, drie van zijn eigen zonen werden in zijn opdracht gedood, de vader en de oom van zijn vrouw hadden onder zijn wrede handen het leven moeten laten en ten slotte liet hij ook zijn eigen vrouw Mariamne wurgen. </p><p>Herodes wilde dat het hele land in rouw gedompeld was bij zijn dood. Daarom gaf hij opdracht van iedere familie één vertegenwoordiger in het hippodroom te brengen en te doden, als hij gestorven was. Zijn zuster <a href="/wiki/Salom%C3%A9_I" title="Salomé I">Salomé I</a> liet echter, nog vóór Herodes stierf, deze onschuldige mensen weer vrij.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Herodes'_huwelijken_en_nakomelingen"><span id="Herodes.27_huwelijken_en_nakomelingen"></span>Herodes' huwelijken en nakomelingen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herodes_de_Grote&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Herodes' huwelijken en nakomelingen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herodes_de_Grote&action=edit&section=5" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Herodes' huwelijken en nakomelingen"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Herodes had minstens tien vrouwen, bij wie hij veel zonen en dochters kreeg. <a href="/wiki/Flavius_Josephus" title="Flavius Josephus">Flavius Josephus</a> noemt de volgende vrouwen van Herodes: </p> <ul><li>Doris, een Idumeese vrouw met wie Herodes reeds gehuwd was voordat hij koning werd. Bij haar kreeg hij Antipater, die hij kort voor zijn eigen dood liet ombrengen omdat hij hem verdacht van een samenzwering. Hij verstootte Doris en Antipater in 40 v.Chr., toen hij met Mariamne trouwde. Antipater was toen drie jaar oud; later haalde Herodes hem weer terug. In 4 v.Chr. werd Antipater terechtgesteld omdat hij tegen zijn vader had samengespannen.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariamne" title="Mariamne">Mariamne I</a>, een <a href="/wiki/Hasmonee%C3%ABn" title="Hasmoneeën">Hasmonese</a> prinses, een tiener nog toen hij in <a href="/wiki/40_v.Chr." title="40 v.Chr.">40 v.Chr.</a> met haar huwde toen hij koning werd. Na verdachtmakingen van Herodes' zuster <a href="/wiki/Salom%C3%A9_I" title="Salomé I">Salomé</a> liet hij Mariamne echter ter dood brengen (in <a href="/wiki/29_v.Chr." title="29 v.Chr.">29 v.Chr.</a>). Mariamnes zoons <a href="/wiki/Alexander_en_Aristobulus" title="Alexander en Aristobulus">Alexander en Aristobulus</a>, die vanwege hun Hasmonese afkomst zeer populair waren, wachtte in <a href="/wiki/7_v.Chr." title="7 v.Chr.">7 v.Chr.</a> hetzelfde lot.</li> <li>Mariamne II, de dochter van <a href="/wiki/Simon_ben_Bo%C3%ABthus" title="Simon ben Boëthus">Simon ben Boëthus</a>, die om de bruid wat meer status te geven tot hogepriester werd benoemd. Mariamne had één kind: <a href="/wiki/Herodes_Filippus" title="Herodes Filippus">Herodes Filippus</a>. Herodes verstootte haar toen ze in 4 v.Chr. bleek te weten van het complot van Antipater.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malthake" title="Malthake">Malthake</a>, uit een <a href="/wiki/Samaritanen" title="Samaritanen">Samaritaanse</a> familie. Haar zoons <a href="/wiki/Herodes_Archela%C3%BCs" title="Herodes Archelaüs">Herodes Archelaüs</a> en <a href="/wiki/Herodes_Antipas" title="Herodes Antipas">Herodes Antipas</a> kregen na Herodes' dood beiden het bestuur over een belangrijk deel van Herodes' rijk. Verder kreeg Herodes bij Malthake een dochter, genaamd Olympias.</li> <li>Cleopatra, afkomstig uit een belangrijke familie in Jeruzalem. Haar zoon <a href="/wiki/Filippus_(tetrarch)" title="Filippus (tetrarch)">Filippus</a> kreeg na Herodes' dood het bestuur over de noordoostelijke delen van het rijk.</li> <li>Pallas, bij wie hij een zoon kreeg die hij Phasaël noemde, naar zijn overleden broer.</li> <li>Phaedra, bij wie hij een dochter had met de naam Roxanne.</li> <li>Elpis, bij wie hij een dochter had met de naam Salomé.</li> <li>Twee nichten van Herodes, van wie de namen niet vermeld zijn. 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height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid; border-bottom: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 1em; 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height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid; border-bottom: 1px dashed;"><div style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px dashed;"><div style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid; border-bottom: 1px dashed;"><div style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px dashed;"><div style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2"><div style="width: 1em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 1em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2"><div style="width: 1em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 1em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2"><div style="width: 1em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td><div style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid; border-bottom: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td style="border-bottom: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2"><div style="width: 1em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 1em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2"><div style="width: 1em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td></tr><tr align="center"><td style="border-right: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td><div style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td><div style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td><div style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; 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height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td><div style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td><div style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 1em; 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height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td><div style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td></tr> <tr align="center"><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 1em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2"><div style="width: 1em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; 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height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td><div style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td><div style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td><div style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td style="border-right: 1px solid;"><div style="width: 1em; height: 1em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td></tr> <tr align="center"><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border: 2px solid var(--color-emphasized,#000); padding: 0.2em;">Berenicianus</td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border: 2px solid var(--color-emphasized,#000); padding: 0.2em;">Hyrcanus</td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border: 2px solid var(--color-emphasized,#000); padding: 0.2em;">Marcus</td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border: 2px solid var(--color-emphasized,#000); padding: 0.2em; color:#202122; background:pink;">Antonia</td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border: 2px solid var(--color-emphasized,#000); padding: 0.2em;">Herodes</td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border: 2px solid var(--color-emphasized,#000); padding: 0.2em;">Agrippa</td><td rowspan="2" colspan="2"><div style="width: 2em; height: 2em;"><span style="font: 1px/1px serif;"> </span></div></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border: 2px solid var(--color-emphasized,#000); padding: 0.2em;">Aristobulus</td></tr><tr align="center"></tr> </tbody></table> <div style="clear:left;"></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dood,_begrafenis_en_graf"><span id="Dood.2C_begrafenis_en_graf"></span>Dood, begrafenis en graf</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herodes_de_Grote&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Dood, begrafenis en graf" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herodes_de_Grote&action=edit&section=6" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Dood, begrafenis en graf"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="hatnote" style="margin-bottom:0.5em; padding:0.5em 0 0.5em 1.6em; font-size:95%;" role="note"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/15px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/23px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/1rightarrow_blue.svg/30px-1rightarrow_blue.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> <i>Zie <a href="/wiki/Herodion" title="Herodion">Herodion</a> voor het hoofdartikel over dit onderwerp.</i></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:JRSLM_300116_Herod_Sarcophagus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/JRSLM_300116_Herod_Sarcophagus.jpg/260px-JRSLM_300116_Herod_Sarcophagus.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/JRSLM_300116_Herod_Sarcophagus.jpg/390px-JRSLM_300116_Herod_Sarcophagus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/JRSLM_300116_Herod_Sarcophagus.jpg/520px-JRSLM_300116_Herod_Sarcophagus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>De in Herodion gevonden sarcofaag, tentoongesteld in het <a href="/wiki/Isra%C3%ABlmuseum" title="Israëlmuseum">Israëlmuseum</a> in Jeruzalem</figcaption></figure> <p>Het laatste levensjaar van Herodes was volgens Flavius Josefus een aaneenschakeling van pijnlijke en hinderlijke ziekten. Een poging tot zelfdoding, enkele dagen voor zijn overlijden, werd verhinderd door zijn neef Achiabus.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Eusebius_van_Caesarea" title="Eusebius van Caesarea">Eusebius van Caesarea</a> beschreef dit, Flavius citerend, in zijn "Kerkgeschiedenis".<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Herodes stierf in het voorjaar van 4 v.Chr.<sup id="cite_ref-Knoblet_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Knoblet-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in zijn <a href="/wiki/Winterpaleis_bij_Jericho" title="Winterpaleis bij Jericho">winterpaleis bij Jericho</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Op zijn uitdrukkelijke wens werd hij echter begraven in <a href="/wiki/Herodion" title="Herodion">Herodion</a>, een van Herodes' paleizencomplexen. Volgens <a href="/wiki/Flavius_Josephus" title="Flavius Josephus">Flavius Josephus</a> was het een begrafenis met veel pracht en praal.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Op 8 mei 2007 maakte de archeoloog <a href="/wiki/Ehud_Netzer" title="Ehud Netzer">Ehud Netzer</a> van de Hebreeuwse Universiteit in <a href="/wiki/Jeruzalem" title="Jeruzalem">Jeruzalem</a> bekend dat het graf van Herodes bij opgravingen inderdaad gevonden is nabij <a href="/wiki/Herodion" title="Herodion">Herodion</a>, dicht bij de Joodse nederzetting <a href="/wiki/Goesj_Etsion" class="mw-redirect" title="Goesj Etsion">Gush Etzion</a> en zo'n 12 kilometer ten zuiden van Jeruzalem. In het graf werd een in meer dan 100 stukken gebroken <a href="/wiki/Sarcofaag" title="Sarcofaag">sarcofaag</a> gevonden die vermoedelijk reeds omstreeks 66 en 71 n.Chr., tijdens de <a href="/wiki/Joodse_Oorlog" title="Joodse Oorlog">Joodse Opstand</a>, beschadigd raakte. De vondst van het graf werd door kolonisten aangegrepen als 'nieuw bewijs voor de historische band van het Joodse volk' met de plaats.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Herodes_in_het_Nieuwe_Testament">Herodes in het Nieuwe Testament</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herodes_de_Grote&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Herodes in het Nieuwe Testament" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herodes_de_Grote&action=edit&section=7" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Herodes in het Nieuwe Testament"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jezus'_geboorte_en_de_kindermoord"><span id="Jezus.27_geboorte_en_de_kindermoord"></span>Jezus' geboorte en de kindermoord</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herodes_de_Grote&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Jezus' geboorte en de kindermoord" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herodes_de_Grote&action=edit&section=8" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Jezus' geboorte en de kindermoord"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Magi_Herod_MNMA_Cl23532.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Magi_Herod_MNMA_Cl23532.jpg/260px-Magi_Herod_MNMA_Cl23532.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="260" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Magi_Herod_MNMA_Cl23532.jpg/390px-Magi_Herod_MNMA_Cl23532.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Magi_Herod_MNMA_Cl23532.jpg/520px-Magi_Herod_MNMA_Cl23532.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1750" data-file-height="1750" /></a><figcaption>De magiërs voor Herodes</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Matteo_di_Giovanni_002.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Matteo_di_Giovanni_002.jpg/260px-Matteo_di_Giovanni_002.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="260" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Matteo_di_Giovanni_002.jpg/390px-Matteo_di_Giovanni_002.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Matteo_di_Giovanni_002.jpg/520px-Matteo_di_Giovanni_002.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2024" data-file-height="2023" /></a><figcaption>De kindermoord in Betlehem <br /> door <a href="/wiki/Matteo_di_Giovanni" title="Matteo di Giovanni">Matteo di Giovanni</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Jezus_(traditioneel-christelijk)" title="Jezus (traditioneel-christelijk)">Jezus</a> werd volgens <a href="/wiki/Evangelie_volgens_Matte%C3%BCs" title="Evangelie volgens Matteüs">Matteüs</a> 2 tijdens de regering van Herodes geboren. Herodes hoorde volgende de <a href="/wiki/Overlevering_(verhaal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Overlevering (verhaal)">overlevering</a> van <a href="/wiki/Wijzen_uit_het_oosten" title="Wijzen uit het oosten">wijzen uit het oosten</a> dat de nieuwe koning van de Joden geboren was. Hij schrok hevig en vroeg de <a href="/wiki/Hogepriester" title="Hogepriester">hogepriesters</a> en <a href="/wiki/Schriftgeleerden" title="Schriftgeleerden">schriftgeleerden</a> waar deze koning werd geboren. Dat was in <a href="/wiki/Bethlehem" title="Bethlehem">Bethlehem</a>. Daarom liet hij op basis van het tijdstip dat de wijzen hem hadden gezegd alle jongetjes van twee jaar oud en jonger uit deze plaats vermoorden, de zogenoemde <a href="/wiki/Kindermoord_van_Bethlehem" title="Kindermoord van Bethlehem">kindermoord van Bethlehem</a>. <a href="/wiki/Jozef_van_Nazareth" title="Jozef van Nazareth">Jozef</a> en <a href="/wiki/Maria_(moeder_van_Jezus)" title="Maria (moeder van Jezus)">Maria</a> waren echter, na in een droom te zijn gewaarschuwd, met Jezus naar <a href="/wiki/Romeins_en_Byzantijns_Egypte" title="Romeins en Byzantijns Egypte">Egypte</a> gevlucht. Pas na de dood van Herodes de Grote keerden zij uit Egypte terug. </p><p>De andere evangeliën maken geen melding van de kindermoord te Bethlehem. Flavius Josephus evenmin in zijn uitgebreide beschrijving van Herodes de Grote. Van bewoning van Bethlehem rond de tijd van Jezus is geen archeologisch bewijs.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Vanuit <a href="/wiki/Historisch-kritische_methode" title="Historisch-kritische methode">historisch-kritisch perspectief</a> is de voorstelling van de <a href="/wiki/Geboorte_van_Jezus" title="Geboorte van Jezus">geboorte van Jezus</a> in Bethlehem daarom vrijwel zeker ontstaan om de voorspelling uit te laten komen dat het koningshuis van <a href="/wiki/Koning_David" title="Koning David">David</a> hernieuwd zou worden met een persoon uit Bethlehem-Efrata in de bergen van Judea (<a href="/wiki/Micha_(boek)" title="Micha (boek)">Micha</a> 5:1). Ook het verhaal van de kindermoord is hoogstwaarschijnlijk niet historisch, maar een bewuste parallel met een vergelijkbaar verhaal rondom de geboorte van <a href="/wiki/Mozes" title="Mozes">Mozes</a> (<a href="/wiki/Exodus_(boek)" title="Exodus (boek)">Exodus</a> 1:15-23) en door de vlucht naar Egypte verbleef ook Jezus, net als Mozes, een tijd in Egypte.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Ambrosius_Theodosius_Macrobius" title="Ambrosius Theodosius Macrobius">Macrobius</a> vertelt in zijn <i>Saturnalia</i> van omstreeks 431 een woordgrap die keizer <a href="/wiki/Augustus_(keizer)" title="Augustus (keizer)">Augustus</a> zou hebben gemaakt, waarbij hij ernaar verwees dat Joden geen varkensvlees eten: "Toen hij hoorde dat onder de tweejarige jongens in Syrië die Herodes, de koning van de Joden, had bevolen om ter dood te worden gebracht, ook zijn eigen zoon was gedood, zei hij: 'Ik zou liever Herodes' varken [Grieks: <i>hus</i>] zijn dan zijn zoon [Grieks: <i>huios</i>]'".<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> De <i>Saturnalia</i> is een verslag van de gesprekken die op het landgoed van <a href="/wiki/Vettius_Agorius_Praetextatus" title="Vettius Agorius Praetextatus">Vettius Agorius Praetextatus</a> werden gevoerd tijdens de viering van de <a href="/wiki/Saturnali%C3%ABn" title="Saturnaliën">Saturnaliën</a> en bevat een grote verscheidenheid aan curieuze historische, mythologische, kritische, antieke en taalkundige discussies.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Het aantal elementen dat in bovenstaand verhaal wordt samengevoegd wijst erop dat dit niet als historisch verslag moet worden gelezen.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Datering_Herodes'_sterfjaar_en_Jezus'_geboortejaar"><span id="Datering_Herodes.27_sterfjaar_en_Jezus.27_geboortejaar"></span>Datering Herodes' sterfjaar en Jezus' geboortejaar</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herodes_de_Grote&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Datering Herodes' sterfjaar en Jezus' geboortejaar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herodes_de_Grote&action=edit&section=9" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Datering Herodes' sterfjaar en Jezus' geboortejaar"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De <a href="/wiki/Christelijke_jaartelling" title="Christelijke jaartelling">christelijke jaartelling</a> van <a href="/wiki/Dionysius_Exiguus" title="Dionysius Exiguus">Dionysius Exiguus</a> was bedoeld om te starten bij de <a href="/wiki/Geboorte_van_Jezus" title="Geboorte van Jezus">geboorte van Jezus</a>. Deze telling is strijdig met de aanname dat Jezus werd geboren toen Herodes nog leefde, omdat Herodes in 4 v.Chr. stierf. Deze datering wordt mede gebaseerd op Flavius Josephus, die schreef dat <a href="/wiki/Filippus_(tetrarch)" title="Filippus (tetrarch)">Filippus de tetrarch</a> 37 jaar regeerde en stierf in het 20e jaar van <a href="/wiki/Tiberius" title="Tiberius">Tiberius</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> dat wil zeggen in 34 n.Chr.; beiden worden, samen met Pilatus, genoemd in <a href="/wiki/Evangelie_volgens_Lucas" title="Evangelie volgens Lucas">Lucas</a> 3:1. Josephus schreef ook dat Herodes stierf in een jaar waarin een <a href="/wiki/Maansverduistering" title="Maansverduistering">maansverduistering</a> plaatsvond,<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> wat op 13 maart 4 v.Chr. inderdaad plaatsvond. Men dateert op basis hiervan de geboorte van Jezus kort voor het jaar 4 v.Chr., meestal in <a href="/wiki/6_v.Chr." title="6 v.Chr.">6 v.Chr.</a>, omdat Herodes volgens het verhaal over de kindermoord van Bethlehem jongetjes van twee jaar oud en jonger liet ombrengen "afgaande op het tijdstip dat hij van de magiërs had gehoord" (<a href="/wiki/Evangelie_volgens_Matte%C3%BCs" title="Evangelie volgens Matteüs">Matteüs</a> 2:16). </p><p>Sommige schrijvers houden vast aan het traditionele jaar van overlijden van 1 v.Chr.,<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> mede omdat toen ook een totale maansverduistering plaatsvond.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externe_link">Externe link</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herodes_de_Grote&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Externe link" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herodes_de_Grote&action=edit&section=10" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Externe link"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67679320">.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding{font-family:sans-serif;font-size:85%;cursor:help;color:var(--color-subtle,#555)}.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding span{border-bottom:1px dotted var(--color-subtle,#555)}</style><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span> <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">J. Lendering</span>, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.livius.org/articles/person/herod-the-great/">Herod the Great</a></i> op livius.org</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_de_Nederlandse_literatuur">In de Nederlandse literatuur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herodes_de_Grote&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Bewerk dit kopje: In de Nederlandse literatuur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herodes_de_Grote&action=edit&section=11" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: In de Nederlandse literatuur"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abel_Herzberg" title="Abel Herzberg">Abel J. Herzberg</a>, <i>De memoires van koning Herodes</i>, Querido, Amsterdam, 1974 (roman)</li> <li>Gerhard Prause, <i>Herodes de Grote: Koning der Joden, moordenaar of politiek genie?</i>, Meulenhoff, Amsterdam, 1978 (biografie) - vertaling van <i>Herodes der Große: König der Juden</i>, Hoffmann und Campe, 1977</li></ul> <div class="toccolours appendix" role="presentation" style="font-size:90%; margin:1em 0 -0.5em; clear:both;"> <div><b>Bronnen, noten en/of referenties</b></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Perowne-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Perowne_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREFPerowne2003_72,_75,_77–80"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Perowne, Stewart</span> (2003). <cite><i>The Life and Times of Herod the Great</i></cite>, 72, 75, 77–80. <span class="ISBN"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Boekbronnen/0_7509_3273_2" title="Speciaal:Boekbronnen/0 7509 3273 2">ISBN 0 7509 3273 2</a></span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Knoblet-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-Knoblet_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Knoblet_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" id="CITEREFKnoblet2005_154–155"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Knoblet, Jerry</span> (2005). <cite><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.nl/books?id=tWZW4a95vy0C&pg=PA154">Herod the Great</a></i></cite>. University Press of America, 154–155. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230729203253/https://books.google.nl/books?id=tWZW4a95vy0C&pg=PA154">Gearchiveerd</a> op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2023-07-29">29 juli 2023</span>.</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Fik Meijer, <i>Jezus en de vijfde evangelist</i>. Amsterdam 2016. Met name deel een, <i>De wereld van Flavius Josephus</i>, en daarin het hoofdstuk ‘Politieke achtergronden’, p. 69-77.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Iacopo da Varazze, <i>Legenda aurea.</i> Edizione critica a cura di Giovanni Paolo Maggioni. II vol. Firenze 1998, 'X – De innocentibus' (vol. I, p. 97-102).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320" /><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span> <span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Flavius Josephus</span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://earlyjewishwritings.com/text/josephus/war1.html"><i>The Jewish War</i> (De Joodse Oorlog) 1</a>.14.4. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230326045131/http://earlyjewishwritings.com/text/josephus/war1.html">Gearchiveerd</a> op 26 maart 2023.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Flavius Josephus</span>, <i><a href="/wiki/Oude_geschiedenis_van_de_Joden" title="Oude geschiedenis van de Joden">Oude geschiedenis van de Joden</a></i>, 17.180 (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67679320" /><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0146%3Abook%3D17%3Asection%3D180">online raadpleegbaar</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gutenberg.org/files/2850/2850.txt">Gutenberg, The Wars of the Jews, Book I Chapter 33</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Eusebius' Kerkgeschiedenis, dr. Chr. Fahner (2000), blz. 64-66; <span class="ISBN"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Boekbronnen/90239_06970" title="Speciaal:Boekbronnen/90239 06970">ISBN 90239 06970</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Flavius Josephus</span>, <i><a href="/wiki/Oude_geschiedenis_van_de_Joden" title="Oude geschiedenis van de Joden">Oude geschiedenis van de Joden</a></i>, 17.173-191</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Flavius Josephus</span>, <i><a href="/wiki/Oude_geschiedenis_van_de_Joden" title="Oude geschiedenis van de Joden">Oude geschiedenis van de Joden</a></i>, 17.199</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nu.nl/news/1069690/91/rss/Graf_van_koning_Herodes_ontdekt.html"><i>Graf van koning Herodus ontdekt</i></a><sup><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Onbereikbare_externe_links" title="Wikipedia:Onbereikbare externe links">[dode link]</a></sup> NU.nl, 8 mei 2007</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Awieram Oshri van het Israëlisch Archeologisch Instituut. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.archaeology.org/0511/abstracts/jesus.html">Where was Jesus born</a>, november/december 2005. Archaeology 58, 6</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/E.P._Sanders" title="E.P. Sanders">E.P. Sanders</a> (1993): <i>The Historical Figure of Jesus</i>, Penguin, pag. 85-86</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Stephen L. Harris (1985): <i>Matthew</i>, in <i>Understanding the Bible</i>, Palo Alto: Mayfield, pag. 272-285</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Macrobius: <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/L/Roman/Texts/Macrobius/Saturnalia/2*.html#4.11">Saturnalia</a></i> 2.4.11 op penelope.uchicago.edu en in relatie tot de Griekse grap: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/macrobius-ambrosius-x00b0">Ambrosius° Macrobius</a> op jewishvirtuallibrary.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230225164931/https://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/macrobius-ambrosius-x00b0">Gearchiveerd</a> op 25 februari 2023.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loc.gov/item/2021667911">Seven Books of the Saturnalia</a></i>, World Digital Library op loc.gov. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230225171300/https://www.loc.gov/item/2021667911/">Gearchiveerd</a> op 25 februari 2023.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Flamant, Jaques; Tinnefeld, Franz (2006): <i>Macrobius</i>, in: Cancik, Hubert; Schneider, Helmuth; Salazar, Christine F.; Landfester, Manfred; Gentry, Francis G. (red.): <i>Brill's New Pauly</i>, Leiden, Brill Publishers, <span class="ISBN"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Boekbronnen/9789004122598" title="Speciaal:Boekbronnen/9789004122598">ISBN 9789004122598</a></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Flavius Josephus: <i><a href="/wiki/Oude_geschiedenis_van_de_Joden" title="Oude geschiedenis van de Joden">Oude geschiedenis van de Joden</a></i> 18.4.6</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Flavius Josephus: <i>Oude geschiedenis van de Joden</i> 17.6.4</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ormond Edwards (1982): <i>Herodian Chronology</i> in <i>Palestine Exploration Quarterly</i> 114.29–42</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Paul Keresztes (1989): <i>Imperial Rome and the Christians: From Herod the Great to About 200 AD</i>, University Press of America, pp.1–43</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Jerry Vardaman en Edwin M. Yamauchi (1989): <i>The Nativity and Herod's Death</i> in <i>Chronos, Kairos, Christos: Nativity and Chronological Studies Presented to Jack Finegan</i>, Eisenbrauns, pp. 85–92</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Jack Finegan (1998): <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.nl/books/about/The_Handbook_of_Biblical_Chronology.html?id=1gq7rQEACAAJ&redir_esc=y">Handbook of Biblical Chronology</a></i>, Hendrickson, 300, §516 <a href="/wiki/Speciaal:Boekbronnen/9781619706415" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 9781619706415</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230729203340/https://books.google.nl/books/about/The_Handbook_of_Biblical_Chronology.html?id=1gq7rQEACAAJ&redir_esc=y">Gearchiveerd</a> op 29 juli 2023.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">B. Mahieu (2012): <i>Between Rome and Jerusalem. Herod the Great and his Sons in their Struggle for Recognition</i> in <i>Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta</i> 208, Brill, pp. 235-243</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-25">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/people-cultures-in-the-bible/jesus-historical-jesus/herods-death-jesus-birth-and-a-lunar-eclipse/">Herod’s Death, Jesus’ Birth and a Lunar Eclipse</a></i> op biblicalarchaeology.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230706224819/https://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/people-cultures-in-the-bible/jesus-historical-jesus/herods-death-jesus-birth-and-a-lunar-eclipse/">Gearchiveerd</a> op 6 juli 2023.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67837862">.mw-parser-output .navigatie{position:relative;clear:both;overflow:auto;margin:1em auto 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.links{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .rechts{padding-left:0.5em}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel tr{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr;width:100%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel tr:last-of-type{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .links{text-align:unset}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .rechts{padding:unset}}</style><table class="navigatie-tabel vatop" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style=""><tbody><tr><td class="links" style=""><b>Steden:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Samaria_(stad)" title="Samaria (stad)">Sebaste</a> · <a href="/wiki/Caesarea_(Maritima)" title="Caesarea (Maritima)">Caesarea</a> · <a href="/wiki/Antipatris" title="Antipatris">Antipatris</a> · <a href="/wiki/Phasa%C3%ABlis" title="Phasaëlis">Phasaëlis</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>Paleizen:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Paleis_van_Herodes_(Jeruzalem)" title="Paleis van Herodes (Jeruzalem)">Paleis in Jeruzalem</a> · <a href="/wiki/Winterpaleis_bij_Jericho" title="Winterpaleis bij Jericho">Winterpaleis bij Jericho</a> · <a href="/wiki/Paleis_van_Herodes_(Caesarea)" title="Paleis van Herodes (Caesarea)">Paleis in Caesarea</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>Theaters:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Theater_van_Herodes_(Caesarea)" title="Theater van Herodes (Caesarea)">Theater in Caesarea Maritima</a> · <a href="/wiki/Theater_van_Herodes_(Jeruzalem)" title="Theater van Herodes (Jeruzalem)">Theater in Jeruzalem</a> · <a href="/wiki/Theater_van_Herodes_(Jericho)" title="Theater van Herodes (Jericho)">Theater bij Jericho</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>Vestingen:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Herodion" title="Herodion">Herodion</a> · <a href="/wiki/Antonia_(burcht)" title="Antonia (burcht)">Antonia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Massada" title="Massada">Massada</a> · <a href="/wiki/Machaerus" title="Machaerus">Machaerus</a> · <a href="/wiki/Hyrcania_(fort)" title="Hyrcania (fort)">Hyrcania</a> · <a href="/wiki/Cypros_(fort)" title="Cypros (fort)">Cypros</a> · <a href="/wiki/Doq" title="Doq">Doq</a> · <a href="/wiki/Alexandrium_(fort)" title="Alexandrium (fort)">Alexandrium</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>Overige bouwwerken:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Joodse_tempel" title="Joodse tempel">Joodse tempel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Phasa%C3%ABl_(toren)" title="Phasaël (toren)">Torens Phasaël, Mariamne en Hippicus</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tempel_in_Panias" title="Tempel in Panias">Tempel in Panias</a></td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Overgenomen van "<a dir="ltr" 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