CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="cs" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Kvark – Wikipedie</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )cswikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t."," \t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""], "wgDefaultDateFormat":"ČSN basic dt","wgMonthNames":["","leden","únor","březen","duben","květen","červen","červenec","srpen","září","říjen","listopad","prosinec"],"wgRequestId":"5535ec45-a4a7-46ed-8a8d-9bebb567c39d","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Kvark","wgTitle":"Kvark","wgCurRevisionId":22994300,"wgRevisionId":22994300,"wgArticleId":58858,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pahýly","Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem NKC","Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem PSH","Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem BNF","Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem GND","Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem LCCN","Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem NDL","Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem NLI","Elementární částice","Kvantová chromodynamika"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"cs","wgPageContentLanguage":"cs","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext", "wgRelevantPageName":"Kvark","wgRelevantArticleId":58858,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgRedirectedFrom":"Vůně_(částice)","wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"cs","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"cs"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":20000,"wgInternalRedirectTargetUrl":"/wiki/Kvark#Vůně","wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q6718","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList", "mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":true,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","ext.math.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["mediawiki.action.view.redirect","ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP", "ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.gadget.OSMmapa","ext.gadget.direct-links-to-commons","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.courses","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=cs&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.math.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=cs&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=cs&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.6"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Proton_quark_structure.svg/1200px-Proton_quark_structure.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Proton_quark_structure.svg/800px-Proton_quark_structure.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="800"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Proton_quark_structure.svg/640px-Proton_quark_structure.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="640"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Kvark – Wikipedie"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//cs.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvark#Vůně"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Editovat" href="/w/index.php?title=Kvark&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedie (cs)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//cs.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvark#Vůně"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.cs"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Atom kanál Wikipedie." href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Posledn%C3%AD_zm%C4%9Bny&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Kvark rootpage-Kvark skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Přeskočit na obsah</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Projekt"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Hlavní menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Hlavní menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Hlavní menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">přesunout do postranního panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">skrýt</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigace </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hlavn%C3%AD_strana" title="Navštívit Hlavní stranu [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Hlavní strana</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1pov%C4%9Bda:Obsah" title="Místo, kde najdete pomoc"><span>Nápověda</span></a></li><li id="n-helpdesk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:Pot%C5%99ebuji_pomoc" title="Pokud si nevíte rady, zeptejte se ostatních"><span>Potřebuji pomoc</span></a></li><li id="n-featuredcontent" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:Nejlep%C5%A1%C3%AD_%C4%8Dl%C3%A1nky" title="Přehled článků, které jsou považovány za nejlepší na české Wikipedii"><span>Nejlepší články</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:N%C3%A1hodn%C3%A1_str%C3%A1nka" title="Přejít na náhodně vybranou stránku [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Náhodný článek</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Posledn%C3%AD_zm%C4%9Bny" title="Seznam posledních změn na této wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Poslední změny</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:Port%C3%A1l_Wikipedie" title="O projektu, jak můžete pomoci, kde hledat"><span>Komunitní portál</span></a></li><li id="n-villagepump" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:Pod_l%C3%ADpou" title="Hlavní diskusní fórum"><span>Pod lípou</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Hlavn%C3%AD_strana" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedie" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-cs.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.1875em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Wikipedie: Otevřená encyklopedie" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-cs.svg" width="118" height="13" style="width: 7.375em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Hled%C3%A1n%C3%AD" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Prohledat tuto wiki [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Hledání</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Hledat na Wikipedii" aria-label="Hledat na Wikipedii" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Prohledat tuto wiki [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Speciální:Hledání"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Hledat</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Osobní nástroje"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Vzhled"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Změnit vzhled velikosti písma, šířky stránky a barvy" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vzhled" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vzhled</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=cs.wikipedia.org&uselang=cs" class=""><span>Podpořte Wikipedii</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Vytvo%C5%99it_%C3%BA%C4%8Det&returnto=Kvark" title="Doporučujeme vytvořit si účet a přihlásit se, ovšem není to povinné" class=""><span>Vytvoření účtu</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:P%C5%99ihl%C3%A1sit&returnto=Kvark" title="Doporučujeme vám přihlásit se, ovšem není to povinné. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Přihlášení</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Další možnosti" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Osobní nástroje" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Osobní nástroje</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Uživatelské menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=cs.wikipedia.org&uselang=cs"><span>Podpořte Wikipedii</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Vytvo%C5%99it_%C3%BA%C4%8Det&returnto=Kvark" title="Doporučujeme vytvořit si účet a přihlásit se, ovšem není to povinné"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Vytvoření účtu</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:P%C5%99ihl%C3%A1sit&returnto=Kvark" title="Doporučujeme vám přihlásit se, ovšem není to povinné. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Přihlášení</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Stránky pro odhlášené editory <a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1pov%C4%9Bda:%C3%9Avod" aria-label="Více informací o editování"><span>dozvědět se více</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Moje_p%C5%99%C3%ADsp%C4%9Bvky" title="Seznam editací provedených z této IP adresy [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Příspěvky</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Moje_diskuse" title="Diskuse o editacích provedených z této IP adresy [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskuse</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Projekt"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Obsah" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Obsah</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">přesunout do postranního panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skrýt</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(úvod)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Historie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Historie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vlastnosti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vlastnosti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Vlastnosti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vlastnosti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vůně" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vůně"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Vůně</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vůně-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Barevný_náboj" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Barevný_náboj"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Barevný náboj</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Barevný_náboj-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hadrony" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hadrony"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Hadrony</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Hadrony-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Přepnout podsekci Hadrony</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Hadrony-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Příklady_složení_částic_z_kvarků" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Příklady_složení_částic_z_kvarků"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Příklady složení částic z kvarků</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Příklady_složení_částic_z_kvarků-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Exotické_hadrony" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Exotické_hadrony"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Exotické hadrony</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Exotické_hadrony-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Odkazy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Odkazy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Odkazy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Odkazy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Přepnout podsekci Odkazy</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Odkazy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Poznámky" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Poznámky"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Poznámky</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Poznámky-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reference" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reference"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Reference</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reference-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Související_články" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Související_články"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Související články</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Související_články-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externí_odkazy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externí_odkazy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>Externí odkazy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externí_odkazy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Obsah" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Přepnout obsah" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Přepnout obsah</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kvark</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Přejděte k článku v jiném jazyce. Je dostupný v 102 jazycích" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-102" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">102 jazyků</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwark" title="Kwark – afrikánština" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Kwark" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark_(Physik)" title="Quark (Physik) – němčina (Švýcarsko)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Quark (Physik)" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="němčina (Švýcarsko)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95" title="क्वार्क – angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="क्वार्क" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="nejlepší článek"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%83" title="كوارك – arabština" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كوارك" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%83" title="كوارك – arabština (marocká)" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="كوارك" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="arabština (marocká)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark" title="Quark – asturština" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Quark" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvark" title="Kvark – ázerbájdžánština" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kvark" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="ázerbájdžánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%A9" title="کوارک – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کوارک" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA" title="Кварк – běloruština" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Кварк" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="běloruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA" title="Кварк – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Кварк" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA" title="Кварк – bulharština" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Кварк" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulharština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95" title="কোয়ার্ক – bengálština" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কোয়ার্ক" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengálština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvark" title="Kvark – bosenština" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Kvark" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosenština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark" title="Quark – katalánština" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Quark" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%A9" title="کوارک – kurdština (sorání)" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کوارک" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdština (sorání)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA" title="Кварк – čuvaština" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Кварк" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="čuvaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cwarc" title="Cwarc – velština" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cwarc" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="velština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvark_(fysik)" title="Kvark (fysik) – dánština" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Kvark (fysik)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark_(Physik)" title="Quark (Physik) – němčina" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Quark (Physik)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="němčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%BA" title="Κουάρκ – řečtina" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κουάρκ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="řečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="nejlepší článek"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark" title="Quark – angličtina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Quark" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angličtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvarko" title="Kvarko – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kvarko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobrý článek"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuark" title="Cuark – španělština" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cuark" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španělština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvargid" title="Kvargid – estonština" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kvargid" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark" title="Quark – baskičtina" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Quark" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%A9" title="کوارک – perština" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کوارک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvarkki" title="Kvarkki – finština" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kvarkki" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark" title="Quark – francouzština" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Quark" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francouzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuarc" title="Cuarc – irština" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Cuarc" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark" title="Quark – galicijština" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Quark" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicijština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%95%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A7" title="קווארק – hebrejština" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קווארק" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95" title="क्वार्क – hindština" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="क्वार्क" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvark" title="Kvark – chorvatština" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kvark" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="chorvatština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwak" title="Kwak – haitština" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Kwak" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvark" title="Kvark – maďarština" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kvark" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maďarština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%94%D5%BE%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AF" title="Քվարկ – arménština" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Քվարկ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark" title="Quark – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Quark" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuark" title="Kuark – indonéština" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kuark" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonéština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvarki" title="Kvarki – islandština" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Kvarki" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark_(particella)" title="Quark (particella) – italština" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Quark (particella)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AF%E3%82%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AF" title="クォーク – japonština" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="クォーク" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%99%E1%83%98" title="კვარკი – gruzínština" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კვარკი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Кварктер – kazaština" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Кварктер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BF%BC%ED%81%AC" title="쿼크 – korejština" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="쿼크" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark" title="Quark – kurdština" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Quark" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA" title="Кварк – kyrgyzština" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Кварк" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kyrgyzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quarcum" title="Quarcum – latina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Quarcum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark_(Physik)" title="Quark (Physik) – lucemburština" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Quark (Physik)" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="lucemburština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuarc" title="Cuarc – lingua franca nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Cuarc" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="lingua franca nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark" title="Quark – limburština" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Quark" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark" title="Quark – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Quark" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%84%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%81" title="ຄວາກ – laoština" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ຄວາກ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="laoština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvarkas" title="Kvarkas – litevština" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kvarkas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litevština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvarki" title="Kvarki – lotyština" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kvarki" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lotyština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA" title="Кварк – makedonština" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Кварк" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D" title="ക്വാർക്ക് – malajálamština" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ക്വാർക്ക്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajálamština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA" title="Кварк – mongolština" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Кварк" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95" title="क्वार्क – maráthština" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="क्वार्क" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="maráthština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuark" title="Kuark – malajština" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kuark" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark_(parti%C4%8Belli)" title="Quark (partiċelli) – maltština" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Quark (partiċelli)" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%BD%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B7" title="ကွာ့ – barmština" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကွာ့" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="barmština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark_(Physik)" title="Quark (Physik) – dolnoněmčina" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Quark (Physik)" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="dolnoněmčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95" title="क्वार्क – nepálština" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="क्वार्क" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepálština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark" title="Quark – nizozemština" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Quark" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvark" title="Kvark – norština (nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kvark" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norština (nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvark" title="Kvark – norština (bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kvark" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norština (bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark" title="Quark – okcitánština" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Quark" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okcitánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuwaarkii" title="Kuwaarkii – oromština" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Kuwaarkii" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="oromština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%95" title="ਕੁਆਰਕ – paňdžábština" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਕੁਆਰਕ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="paňdžábština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwark" title="Kwark – polština" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Kwark" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%A9" title="کوارک – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کوارک" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%A9" title="کوارک – paštština" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="کوارک" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paštština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark" title="Quark – portugalština" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Quark" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark" title="Quark – rumunština" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Quark" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobrý článek"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA" title="Кварк – ruština" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кварк" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark" title="Quark – sicilština" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Quark" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark" title="Quark – skotština" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Quark" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="skotština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvark" title="Kvark – srbochorvatština" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kvark" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srbochorvatština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark" title="Quark – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Quark" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvark" title="Kvark – slovenština" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kvark" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovenština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvark" title="Kvark – slovinština" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kvark" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovinština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuarku" title="Kuarku – albánština" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kuarku" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albánština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA" title="Кварк – srbština" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Кварк" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srbština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark" title="Quark – sundština" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Quark" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvark" title="Kvark – švédština" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kvark" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švédština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81" title="குவார்க்கு – tamilština" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="குவார்க்கு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D" title="క్వార్క్ – telugština" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="క్వార్క్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%81" title="ควาร์ก – thajština" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ควาร์ก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thajština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark" title="Quark – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Quark" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="nejlepší článek"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuark" title="Kuark – turečtina" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kuark" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvark" title="Kvark – tatarština" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Kvark" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA" title="Кварк – ukrajinština" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кварк" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%A9" title="کوارک – urdština" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کوارک" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kvark" title="Kvark – uzbečtina" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kvark" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark_(parteze%C5%82a)" title="Quark (partezeła) – benátština" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Quark (partezeła)" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="benátština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="nejlepší článek"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark" title="Quark – vietnamština" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Quark" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark" title="Quark – warajština" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Quark" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="warajština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%B8%E5%85%8B" title="夸克 – čínština (dialekty Wu)" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="夸克" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="čínština (dialekty Wu)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobrý článek"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%B8%E5%85%8B" title="夸克 – čínština" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="夸克" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="čínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%B8%E5%85%8B" title="夸克 – čínština (klasická)" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="夸克" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="čínština (klasická)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%B8%E5%85%8B" title="夸克 – kantonština" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="夸克" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inkemfe" title="Inkemfe – zuluština" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Inkemfe" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zuluština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q6718#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editovat mezijazykové odkazy" class="wbc-editpage">Upravit odkazy</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Jmenné prostory"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kvark" title="Zobrazit obsahovou stránku [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Článek</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskuse:Kvark" rel="discussion" title="Diskuse ke stránce [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskuse</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Změnit variantu jazyka" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">čeština</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Zobrazení"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kvark"><span>Číst</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvark&veaction=edit" title="Editovat tuto stránku [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editovat</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvark&action=edit" title="Editovat zdrojový kód této stránky [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Editovat zdroj</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvark&action=history" title="Starší verze této stránky. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Zobrazit historii</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Nástroje ke stránce"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Nástroje" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Nástroje</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Nástroje</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">přesunout do postranního panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">skrýt</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Další možnosti" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Akce </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Kvark"><span>Číst</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvark&veaction=edit" title="Editovat tuto stránku [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editovat</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvark&action=edit" title="Editovat zdrojový kód této stránky [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Editovat zdroj</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvark&action=history"><span>Zobrazit historii</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Obecné </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Co_odkazuje_na/Kvark" title="Seznam všech wikistránek, které sem odkazují [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Odkazuje sem</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Souvisej%C3%ADc%C3%AD_zm%C4%9Bny/Kvark" rel="nofollow" title="Nedávné změny stránek, na které je odkazováno [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Související změny</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=cs" title="Nahrát obrázky či jiná multimédia [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Načíst soubor</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD_str%C3%A1nky" title="Seznam všech speciálních stránek [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Speciální stránky</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvark&oldid=22994300" title="Trvalý odkaz na současnou verzi této stránky"><span>Trvalý odkaz</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvark&action=info" title="Více informací o této stránce"><span>Informace o stránce</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Citovat&page=Kvark&id=22994300&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informace o tom, jak citovat tuto stránku"><span>Citovat stránku</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:UrlQ%C4%B1sald%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcs.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKvark%23V%C5%AFn%C4%9B"><span>Získat zkrácené URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:QrKodu&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcs.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FKvark%23V%C5%AFn%C4%9B"><span>Stáhnout QR kód</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tisk/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:Kniha&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Kvark"><span>Vytvořit knihu</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speci%C3%A1ln%C3%AD:DownloadAsPdf&page=Kvark&action=show-download-screen"><span>Stáhnout jako PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvark&printable=yes" title="Tato stránka v podobě vhodné k tisku [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Verze k tisku</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Na jiných projektech </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Quark" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q6718" title="Odkaz na propojenou položku datového úložiště [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Položka Wikidat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Nástroje ke stránce"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Vzhled"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Vzhled</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">přesunout do postranního panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">skrýt</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Z Wikipedie, otevřené encyklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(přesměrováno z <a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C5%AFn%C4%9B_(%C4%8D%C3%A1stice)&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Vůně (částice)">Vůně (částice)</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="cs" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Proton_quark_structure.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Proton_quark_structure.svg/220px-Proton_quark_structure.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Proton_quark_structure.svg/330px-Proton_quark_structure.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Proton_quark_structure.svg/440px-Proton_quark_structure.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption>Proton složený ze dvou „u“ kvarků a jednoho „d“ kvarku</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Kvarky</b> jsou podle <a href="/wiki/Standardn%C3%AD_model" title="Standardní model">standardního modelu</a> <a href="/wiki/Fyzika_%C4%8D%C3%A1stic" title="Fyzika částic">částicové fyziky</a> <a href="/wiki/Element%C3%A1rn%C3%AD_%C4%8D%C3%A1stice" title="Elementární částice">elementární částice</a>, ze kterých se skládají <a href="/wiki/Hadron" title="Hadron">hadrony</a> (tedy například <a href="/wiki/Proton" title="Proton">protony</a> a <a href="/wiki/Neutron" title="Neutron">neutrony</a>). </p><p>Tyto částice mají <a href="/wiki/Spin" title="Spin">spin</a> ½ , což znamená, že se jedná o <a href="/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion">fermiony</a>. Dle standardního modelu částicové fyziky nemají kvarky vnitřní strukturu a jsou spolu s <a href="/wiki/Lepton" title="Lepton">leptony</a> a <a href="/wiki/Boson_W_a_Z" title="Boson W a Z">kalibračními bosony</a> „nejmenší“ známé částice, ze kterých se skládá <a href="/wiki/Hmota" title="Hmota">hmota</a>. <a href="/wiki/Baryon" title="Baryon">Baryony</a> (například <a href="/wiki/Proton" title="Proton">proton</a>) se skládají ze tří kvarků, <a href="/wiki/Mezon" title="Mezon">mezony</a> (například <a href="/wiki/Pion" title="Pion">pion</a>) se skládají z jednoho kvarku a z jednoho antikvarku. </p><p>Teoreticky byly předpovězené roku 1964 <a href="/wiki/Murray_Gell-Mann" title="Murray Gell-Mann">Murray Gell-Mannem</a> (a nezávisle na něm i <a href="/wiki/George_Zweig" title="George Zweig">Georgem Zweigem</a>) ve snaze vysvětlit vlastnosti tehdy známých částic,<sup id="cite_ref-Gell-Mann1964_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gell-Mann1964-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> za což roku 1969 dostal <a href="/wiki/Nobelova_cena" title="Nobelova cena">Nobelovu cenu za fyziku</a>. Pozdější objevy dalších částic si vyžádaly zavedení dodatečných tří kvarků. V současné době tedy známe šest druhů kvarků. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historie">Historie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvark&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Editace sekce: Historie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvark&action=edit&section=1" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Historie"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kvarková struktura byla teoreticky předpovězena nezávisle na sobě <a href="/wiki/Murray_Gell-Mann" title="Murray Gell-Mann">M. Gell-Mannem</a> a <a href="/wiki/George_Zweig" title="George Zweig">G. Zweigem</a> v roce <a href="/wiki/1964" title="1964">1964</a>. O pět let později došlo k potvrzení na lineárním <a href="/wiki/Urychlova%C4%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Urychlovač">urychlovači</a> <a href="/wiki/SLAC" class="mw-redirect" title="SLAC">SLAC</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Stanfordova_univerzita" title="Stanfordova univerzita">Stanfordu</a> při <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rozptylov%C3%BD_experiment&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rozptylový experiment (stránka neexistuje)">rozptylových experimentech</a> s <a href="/wiki/Proton" title="Proton">protony</a>. </p><p>Kvarky, které nejsou pozorovány přímo, byly dlouho považovány za teoretický nástroj umožňující objasnit chování hadronů a mezonů. Dnes jsou však již chápány jako reálné částice, přestože je lze teoreticky popsat i jako <a href="/wiki/Kvazi%C4%8D%C3%A1stice" class="mw-redirect" title="Kvazičástice">kvazičástice</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Název kvark pochází z knihy <a href="/wiki/Finnegans_Wake" title="Finnegans Wake">Finnegans Wake</a> (česky <i>Plačky nad Finneganem</i>) od autora <a href="/wiki/James_Joyce" title="James Joyce">Jamese Joyce</a>. Slovo kvark i jednotlivé názvy pochází od <a href="/wiki/Murray_Gell-Mann" title="Murray Gell-Mann">Gell-Manna</a>, který k nim nakreslil i ilustrační obrázky. </p><p>Již v roce <a href="/wiki/1974" title="1974">1974</a> se objevily první modely počítající s tím, že kvarky se skládají z dalších menších částic, tzv. <a href="/wiki/Preon" class="mw-redirect" title="Preon">preonů</a>. Dodnes však pro tyto teorie neexistuje jediná experimentální indicie, kvarky se chovají jako <a href="/wiki/Bodov%C3%A1_%C4%8D%C3%A1stice" title="Bodová částice">bodové</a> až do rozměrů řádově 10<sup>−18</sup> <a href="/wiki/Metr" title="Metr">metru</a> a tam je i hranice současných experimentálních možností. Také teoretické koncepty rozpracovávané v současnosti se od preonových teorií liší a potenciální nebodovost kvarků řeší nejčastěji pomocí <a href="/wiki/Teorie_superstrun" title="Teorie superstrun">strun</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vlastnosti">Vlastnosti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvark&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Editace sekce: Vlastnosti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvark&action=edit&section=2" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Vlastnosti"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kvarky jsou jediné <a href="/wiki/Element%C3%A1rn%C3%AD_%C4%8D%C3%A1stice" title="Elementární částice">elementární částice</a>, které podléhají všem známým <a href="/wiki/Z%C3%A1kladn%C3%AD_interakce" title="Základní interakce">základním interakcím</a>. </p><p>Kvarky nelze při nízkých energiích pozorovat jako <a href="/wiki/Voln%C3%A1_%C4%8D%C3%A1stice" title="Volná částice">volné částice</a> (to je důsledek tzv. <i><a href="/wiki/Asymptotick%C3%A1_volnost" title="Asymptotická volnost">asymptotické volnosti</a></i>), ale pouze prostřednictvím <a href="/wiki/Rozptyl" class="mw-disambig" title="Rozptyl">rozptylových</a> <a href="/wiki/Experiment" title="Experiment">experimentů</a> a na základě <a href="/wiki/Symetrie" title="Symetrie">symetrií</a> ve vlastnostech pozorovaných <a href="/wiki/Hadron" title="Hadron">hadronů</a>. </p><p>Vysoce energetická srážka hadronů však může způsobit jejich „roztavení“ a vznik tzv. <a href="/wiki/Kvark-gluonov%C3%A9_plazma" title="Kvark-gluonové plazma">kvark-gluonového plazmatu</a>. V něm se kvarky mohou pohybovat volně. Tento stav hmoty měl být ve <a href="/wiki/Vesm%C3%ADr" title="Vesmír">vesmíru</a> 20–30 mikrosekund po <a href="/wiki/Velk%C3%BD_t%C5%99esk" title="Velký třesk">Velkém třesku</a> a lze jej na extrémně krátkou dobu vytvořit v <a href="/wiki/Urychlova%C4%8D_%C4%8D%C3%A1stic" title="Urychlovač částic">částicovém urychlovači</a>. </p><p>Kvarky se řadí k <a href="/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion">fermionům</a> se <a href="/wiki/Spin" title="Spin">spinem</a> ½ a <a href="/wiki/Baryonov%C3%A9_%C4%8D%C3%ADslo" title="Baryonové číslo">baryonovým číslem</a> ⅓. </p><p>Ke každému kvarku existuje příslušná <a href="/wiki/Anti%C4%8D%C3%A1stice" title="Antičástice">antičástice</a> – <b>antikvark</b>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vůně"><span id="V.C5.AFn.C4.9B"></span>Vůně</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvark&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Editace sekce: Vůně" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvark&action=edit&section=3" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Vůně"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kvarky se rozdělují na šest tzv. <b><a href="/wiki/V%C5%AFn%C4%9B_(%C4%8D%C3%A1stice)" class="mw-redirect" title="Vůně (částice)">vůní</a></b>. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Symbol </th> <th><a href="/wiki/V%C5%AFn%C4%9B_(%C4%8D%C3%A1stice)" class="mw-redirect" title="Vůně (částice)">Vůně</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Klidov%C3%A1_hmotnost" title="Klidová hmotnost">Klidová hmotnost</a> (<a href="/wiki/Elektronvolt" title="Elektronvolt">MeV</a>/<a href="/wiki/Rychlost_sv%C4%9Btla" title="Rychlost světla">c</a>²) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Elektrick%C3%BD_n%C3%A1boj" title="Elektrický náboj">Elektrický náboj</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Izospin" title="Izospin">Izospin</a> (<i>I</i><sub>3</sub>) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Podivnost" title="Podivnost">Podivnost</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/P%C5%AFvab_(%C4%8D%C3%A1stice)" title="Půvab (částice)">Půvab</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Kr%C3%A1sa_(%C4%8D%C3%A1stice)" title="Krása (částice)">Krása</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Pravda_(%C4%8D%C3%A1stice)" title="Pravda (částice)">Pravda</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Anti%C4%8D%C3%A1stice" title="Antičástice">Antičástice</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kvark_d" title="Kvark d">d</a> </td> <td>dolů (<a href="/wiki/Angli%C4%8Dtina" title="Angličtina">angl.</a> <i>down</i>) </td> <td>3,5 – 6<sup id="cite_ref-PDG_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PDG-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>−⅓ </td> <td>−½ </td> <td>0 </td> <td>0 </td> <td>0 </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\overline {d}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mover> <mi>d</mi> <mo accent="false">¯</mo> </mover> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\overline {d}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/147fdfc5e4452853cb2946348d7e2e9cdb11a6d4" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.335ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\overline {d}}}"></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kvark_u" title="Kvark u">u</a> </td> <td>nahoru (<a href="/wiki/Angli%C4%8Dtina" title="Angličtina">angl.</a> <i>up</i>) </td> <td>1,5 – 3,3<sup id="cite_ref-PDG_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PDG-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>+⅔ </td> <td>+½ </td> <td>0 </td> <td>0 </td> <td>0 </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\overline {u}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mover> <mi>u</mi> <mo accent="false">¯</mo> </mover> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\overline {u}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ae463cd0f2dcc7027f17a2a0bd695112c88aa5e9" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.445ex; height:2.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\overline {u}}}"></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kvark_s" title="Kvark s">s</a> </td> <td>podivný (<a href="/wiki/Angli%C4%8Dtina" title="Angličtina">angl.</a> <i>strange</i>) </td> <td>92,4 ± 1,5<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>−⅓ </td> <td>0 </td> <td>−1 </td> <td>0 </td> <td>0 </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\overline {s}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mover> <mi>s</mi> <mo accent="false">¯</mo> </mover> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\overline {s}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/15536fb4c1010cb5ad0660c0dba08147c362e404" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.205ex; height:2.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\overline {s}}}"></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kvark_c" title="Kvark c">c</a> </td> <td>půvabný (<a href="/wiki/Angli%C4%8Dtina" title="Angličtina">angl.</a> <i>charm</i>) </td> <td>1270<span style="font-size:40%"> </span><span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.4em; line-height:1.2em; font-size:85%; text-align:left;">+70<br />−110</span><span style="font-size:40%"> </span><sup id="cite_ref-PDG_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PDG-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>+⅔ </td> <td>0 </td> <td>0 </td> <td>+1 </td> <td>0 </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\overline {c}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mover> <mi>c</mi> <mo accent="false">¯</mo> </mover> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\overline {c}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/930f590daba9bdddaa6d09c1569c64db5ea25707" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.122ex; height:2.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\overline {c}}}"></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kvark_b" title="Kvark b">b</a> </td> <td>spodní (<i>bottom</i>), popř. krásný (<a href="/wiki/Angli%C4%8Dtina" title="Angličtina">angl.</a> <i>beauty</i>) </td> <td>4200<span style="font-size:40%"> </span><span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:-0.4em; line-height:1.2em; font-size:85%; text-align:left;">+170<br />−70</span><span style="font-size:40%"> </span><sup id="cite_ref-PDG_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PDG-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>−⅓ </td> <td>0 </td> <td>0 </td> <td>0 </td> <td>−1 </td> <td>0 </td> <td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\overline {b}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mover> <mi>b</mi> <mo accent="false">¯</mo> </mover> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\overline {b}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/5308b10c1aa9c247a3f11bb6e5639515082749e2" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.113ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\overline {b}}}"></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kvark_t" title="Kvark t">t</a> </td> <td>svrchní (<i>top</i>), popř. pravdivý (<a href="/wiki/Angli%C4%8Dtina" title="Angličtina">angl.</a> <i>truth</i>) </td> <td>174 980 ± 750<sup id="cite_ref-Abazov_2014_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Abazov_2014-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Physics_2014_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Physics_2014-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>pozn. 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>+⅔ </td> <td>0 </td> <td>0 </td> <td>0 </td> <td>0 </td> <td>+1 </td> <td><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\overline {t}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mover> <mi>t</mi> <mo accent="false">¯</mo> </mover> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\overline {t}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/98149ad7daaf4bf1d4620fd6fce3d01efa4e6f0f" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:0.955ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\overline {t}}}"></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/Elektrick%C3%BD_n%C3%A1boj" title="Elektrický náboj">Elektrický náboj</a>, <a href="/wiki/Izospin" title="Izospin">izospin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Podivnost" title="Podivnost">podivnost</a>, <a href="/wiki/P%C5%AFvab_(%C4%8D%C3%A1stice)" title="Půvab (částice)">půvab</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kr%C3%A1sa_(%C4%8D%C3%A1stice)" title="Krása (částice)">krása</a> a <a href="/wiki/Pravda_(%C4%8D%C3%A1stice)" title="Pravda (částice)">pravda</a> představují <a href="/wiki/Kvantov%C3%A9_%C4%8D%C3%ADslo" title="Kvantové číslo">kvantová čísla</a> kvarku. </p><p>Kvarky řadíme do <a href="/wiki/Generace_(%C4%8D%C3%A1stice)" title="Generace (částice)">generací</a> neboli <i>rodin</i> (podobně jako <a href="/wiki/Lepton" title="Lepton">leptony</a>). <i>První generaci</i> tvoří kvarky <i>u</i> a <i>d</i> (tj. <i>nahoru</i> a <i>dolů</i>), <i>druhou generaci</i> tvoří kvarky <i>s</i> a <i>c</i> (tj. <i>podivný</i> a <i>půvabný</i>) a <i>třetí generaci</i> tvoří kvarky <i>b</i> a <i>t</i> (tj. <i>spodní</i> a <i>svrchní</i>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Barevný_náboj"><span id="Barevn.C3.BD_n.C3.A1boj"></span>Barevný náboj</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvark&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Editace sekce: Barevný náboj" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvark&action=edit&section=4" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Barevný náboj"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="uvodni-upozorneni hatnote"> Podrobnější informace naleznete v článku <a href="/wiki/Barevn%C3%BD_n%C3%A1boj" title="Barevný náboj">Barevný náboj</a>.</div> <p>Každý z kvarků se navíc může vyskytnout ve třech <b>barvách</b>, jimž přiřazujeme hodnoty <i>červená</i>, <i>zelená</i> nebo <i>modrá</i>. Barvy slouží pouze k určitému označení a představují jistý druh náboje (tzv. <b>barevný náboj</b>). Kvarky však ve skutečnosti v žádném případě nemají žádnou <a href="/wiki/Barva" title="Barva">barvu</a>, protože jsou mnohem menší než vlnová délka viditelného světla. Barva má v tomto případě podobný význam jako např. <a href="/wiki/Elektrick%C3%BD_n%C3%A1boj" title="Elektrický náboj">elektrický náboj</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hadrony">Hadrony</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvark&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Editace sekce: Hadrony" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvark&action=edit&section=5" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Hadrony"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="uvodni-upozorneni hatnote">Související informace naleznete také v článku <a href="/wiki/Hadron" title="Hadron">Hadron</a>.</div> <p>Ze tří valenčních kvarků<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> se skládá <a href="/wiki/Baryon" title="Baryon">baryon</a>, a to tak, že každý kvark má jinou barvu, tzn. výsledný baryon je bezbarvý. Baryon tedy může mít hodnotu <a href="/wiki/Podivnost" title="Podivnost">podivnosti</a> až o velikosti 3. Z kvarku a antikvarku stejné barvy vznikají <a href="/wiki/Mezon" title="Mezon">mezony</a>. Barvy kvarků v mezonu se mění, přičemž <a href="/wiki/Pravd%C4%9Bpodobnost" title="Pravděpodobnost">pravděpodobnost</a> zachycení kterékoli ze tří barev je stejná, tzn. při sledování mezonu v určitém <a href="/wiki/%C4%8Cas" title="Čas">časovém</a> intervalu se mezon také jeví jako bezbarvý. </p><p>Kvarky jsou v hadronech vzájemně vázány prostřednictvím <a href="/wiki/Gluon" title="Gluon">gluonů</a>. Jejich vliv na vlastnosti částic je větší, než se dříve předpokládalo.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Příklady_složení_částic_z_kvarků"><span id="P.C5.99.C3.ADklady_slo.C5.BEen.C3.AD_.C4.8D.C3.A1stic_z_kvark.C5.AF"></span>Příklady složení částic z kvarků</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvark&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Editace sekce: Příklady složení částic z kvarků" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvark&action=edit&section=6" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Příklady složení částic z kvarků"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mezon" title="Mezon">Mezon</a> K<sup>(0)</sup> je složen z kvarku d (down) a antikvarku <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\overline {s}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mover> <mi>s</mi> <mo accent="false">¯</mo> </mover> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\overline {s}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/15536fb4c1010cb5ad0660c0dba08147c362e404" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.205ex; height:2.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\overline {s}}}"></span> (má <a href="/wiki/Podivnost" title="Podivnost">podivnost</a> −1)</li> <li>Mezon K<sup>(+)</sup> je složen z kvarku u (up) a antikvarku <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\overline {s}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mover> <mi>s</mi> <mo accent="false">¯</mo> </mover> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\overline {s}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/15536fb4c1010cb5ad0660c0dba08147c362e404" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.205ex; height:2.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\overline {s}}}"></span> (má také <a href="/wiki/Podivnost" title="Podivnost">podivnost</a> −1)</li> <li>Mezon K<sup>(−)</sup> je složen z kvarku s (strange) a antikvarku <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\overline {u}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mover> <mi>u</mi> <mo accent="false">¯</mo> </mover> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\overline {u}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ae463cd0f2dcc7027f17a2a0bd695112c88aa5e9" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.445ex; height:2.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\overline {u}}}"></span> (má <a href="/wiki/Podivnost" title="Podivnost">podivnost</a> +1)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mezonov%C3%A1_rezonance&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mezonová rezonance (stránka neexistuje)">Mezonové rezonance</a> K<sup>*</sup> mají stejné složení jako <a href="/wiki/Kaon" title="Kaon">mezony K</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pion" title="Pion">Mezon π<sup>(0)</sup></a> má složení <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle (u{\overline {u}}+d{\overline {d}})/2}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mo stretchy="false">(</mo> <mi>u</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mover> <mi>u</mi> <mo accent="false">¯</mo> </mover> </mrow> <mo>+</mo> <mi>d</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mover> <mi>d</mi> <mo accent="false">¯</mo> </mover> </mrow> <mo stretchy="false">)</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <mn>2</mn> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle (u{\overline {u}}+d{\overline {d}})/2}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/1c5f06c74436422488b94ce71e9fcf9eeb395704" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:12.3ex; height:3.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle (u{\overline {u}}+d{\overline {d}})/2}"></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pion" title="Pion">Mezon π<sup>(+)</sup></a> obsahuje u a <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\overline {d}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mover> <mi>d</mi> <mo accent="false">¯</mo> </mover> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\overline {d}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/147fdfc5e4452853cb2946348d7e2e9cdb11a6d4" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.335ex; height:3.009ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\overline {d}}}"></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pion" title="Pion">Mezon π<sup>(−)</sup></a> obsahuje d a <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\overline {u}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mover> <mi>u</mi> <mo accent="false">¯</mo> </mover> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\overline {u}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ae463cd0f2dcc7027f17a2a0bd695112c88aa5e9" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.445ex; height:2.343ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\overline {u}}}"></span></li> <li>Mezonové rezonance ρ mají stejné složení jako mezony π</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proton" title="Proton">Proton</a> p<sup>(+)</sup> a baryonové <a href="/wiki/Rezonance_(%C4%8D%C3%A1stice)" title="Rezonance (částice)">rezonance</a> N<sup>(+)</sup> jsou složeny z kvarků u, u, d</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neutron" title="Neutron">Neutron</a> n<sup>(0)</sup> a baryonové <a href="/wiki/Rezonance_(%C4%8D%C3%A1stice)" title="Rezonance (částice)">rezonance</a> N<sup>(0)</sup> jsou složeny z kvarků d, d, u</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baryon_delta" title="Baryon delta">Baryon Δ</a><sup>(++)</sup> obsahuje u, u, u</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baryon_delta" title="Baryon delta">Baryon Δ</a><sup>(+)</sup> obsahuje u, u, d</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baryon_delta" title="Baryon delta">Baryon Δ</a><sup>(0)</sup> obsahuje u, d, d</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baryon_delta" title="Baryon delta">Baryon Δ</a><sup>(−)</sup> obsahuje d, d, d</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baryon" title="Baryon">Baryon</a> Σ<sup>(+)</sup> obsahuje u, u, s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baryon" title="Baryon">Baryon</a> Σ<sup>(0)</sup> a <a href="/wiki/Baryon" title="Baryon">baryon</a> Λ<sup>(0)</sup>obsahují u, d, s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baryon" title="Baryon">Baryon</a> Σ<sup>(−)</sup> obsahuje d, d, s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baryon" title="Baryon">Baryon</a> Ξ<sup>(0)</sup> obsahuje d, s, s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baryon" title="Baryon">Baryon</a> Ξ<sup>(−)</sup> obsahuje u, s, s</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baryon" title="Baryon">Baryon</a> Ω<sup>(−)</sup> obsahuje s, s, s</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Exotické_hadrony"><span id="Exotick.C3.A9_hadrony"></span>Exotické hadrony</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvark&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Editace sekce: Exotické hadrony" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvark&action=edit&section=7" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Exotické hadrony"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Jako exotické hadrony se označují nově objevené složené částice: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tetrakvark" title="Tetrakvark">tetrakvarky</a> – s celočíselným spinem, složené ze 2 kvarků a 2 antikvarků;<sup id="cite_ref-Mihulka_2013a_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mihulka_2013a-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Mihulka_2013b_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mihulka_2013b-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-X(5568)_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-X(5568)-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentakvark" title="Pentakvark">pentakvarky</a> – s poločíselným spinem, složené ze 4 kvarků a 1 antikvarku;<sup id="cite_ref-arXiv_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arXiv-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-OSEL_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OSEL-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hexakvark" title="Hexakvark">hexakvarky</a> (včetně dibaryonů) – s celočíselným spinem, složené ze 6 kvarků.<sup id="cite_ref-PhysOrg_2014_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PhysOrg_2014-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Mihulka_2014_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mihulka_2014-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Mezi exotické hadrony, tedy silně interagující složené částice, se dále řadí i hypotetické částice obsahující kvarky nebo vázané gluonové komplexy: </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glueball&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glueball (stránka neexistuje)">glueballs</a>/gluebally (dříve zvané též gluonia) – exotické hadrony složené pouze z gluonů;<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>pozn. 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>"hybridní" hadrony, vázané stavy kvarků/antikvarků a (ne virtuálních) gluonů.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>pozn. 3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>Neúspěšné bylo dosud také hledání částic složených z leptonů a kvarků jako jedné třídy <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leptokvark&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leptokvark (stránka neexistuje)">leptokvarků</a></b>, hypotetických částic s nenulovým baryonovým i leptonovým číslem.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Odkazy">Odkazy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvark&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Editace sekce: Odkazy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvark&action=edit&section=8" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Odkazy"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Poznámky"><span id="Pozn.C3.A1mky"></span>Poznámky</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvark&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Editace sekce: Poznámky" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvark&action=edit&section=9" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Poznámky"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Hodnota pochází z jednoho experimentu s velkou přesností, provedeném na <a href="/wiki/Urychlova%C4%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Urychlovač">urychlovači</a> <a href="/wiki/Tevatron" title="Tevatron">Tevatron</a> ve <a href="/wiki/Fermilab" title="Fermilab">Fermilabu</a>. Předtím používaná hodnota 173 340 ± 760<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> byla o více než směrodatnou odchylku nižší a vycházela ze středování hodnot několika různých méně přesných experimentů ve Fermilabu a na <a href="/wiki/LHC" class="mw-redirect" title="LHC">LHC</a> v <a href="/wiki/Evropsk%C3%A1_organizace_pro_jadern%C3%BD_v%C3%BDzkum" title="Evropská organizace pro jaderný výzkum">CERNu</a> - podobné přesnosti bylo u hodnoty dosaženo tímto statistickým vyhodnocením.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-22">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Doposud (2015) bylo pozorováno pouze několik kandidátů, které by šlo považovat za glueball/gluonium ve specifických modelech, které jsou v souladu se standardním modelem (např. <i>η</i>(1405), <i>f</i><sub>0</sub>(1500), <i>f</i><sub>0</sub>(1710)), bez jednoznačného experimentálního potvrzení.<sup id="cite_ref-PDG_2014_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PDG_2014-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Brünner_2015_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brünner_2015-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-23">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Dosud (2015) pouze několik kandidátů ve specifických modelech (např. <i>f</i><sub>1</sub>(1420) jakožto hybridní mezon <i>q<span style="text-decoration: overline;">q</span>g</i>), bez jednoznačného experimentálního potvrzení.<sup id="cite_ref-PDG_2014_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PDG_2014-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reference">Reference</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvark&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Editace sekce: Reference" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvark&action=edit&section=10" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Reference"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Gell-Mann1964-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Gell-Mann1964_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">M. Gell-Mann: <i>A Schematic model of baryons and mesons</i> in Phys. Lett. 8, 1964, 214-215</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a class="external free" href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Model_of_quark_quasiparticles">https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Model_of_quark_quasiparticles</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160916150419/https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Model_of_quark_quasiparticles">Archivováno</a> 16. 9. 2016 na <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Wayback Machine</a>. - Model of quark quasiparticles</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PDG-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-PDG_3-0"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PDG_3-1"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">b</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PDG_3-2"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">c</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PDG_3-3"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">d</sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">C. Amsler <i>et al.</i> (Particle Data Group), PL <b>B667</b>, 1 (2008) and 2009 partial update for the 2010 edition (URL:<a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www-pdg.lbl.gov/2009/tables/rpp2009-sum-quarks.pdf">http://www-pdg.lbl.gov/2009/tables/rpp2009-sum-quarks.pdf</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110828142951/http://www-pdg.lbl.gov/2009/tables/rpp2009-sum-quarks.pdf">Archivováno</a> 28. 8. 2011 na <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Wayback Machine</a>.)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;">DAVIES, C. T. H.; MCNEILE,, C.; WONG, K. Y., E. Follana, R. Horgan, K. Hornbostel, G. P. Lepage, J. Shigemitsu, and H. Trottier. Precise Charm to Strange Mass Ratio and Light Quark Masses from Full Lattice QCD. <i>Physical Review Letters</i> [online]. 2. duben 2010 [cit. 2010-05-04]. Svazek 104, čís. 13. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.132003">Dostupné online</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/issn/1079-7114">1079-7114</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1103%2FPhysRevLett.104.132003">10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.132003</a>. (anglicky)</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=Physical+Review+Letters&rft_id=info:doi/10.1103%2FPhysRevLett.104.132003&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flink.aps.org%2Fdoi%2F10.1103%2FPhysRevLett.104.132003&rft.atitle=Precise+Charm+to+Strange+Mass+Ratio+and+Light+Quark+Masses+from+Full+Lattice+QCD&rft.date=2010&rft.chron=2. duben&rft.volume=104&rft.issue=13&rft.issn=1079-7114&rft.aulast=Davies&rft.aufirst=C.+T.+H.&rft.au=McNeile%2C%2C+C.&rft.au=Wong%2C+K.+Y."><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Abazov_2014-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Abazov_2014_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;">ABAZOV, V. M., <i>et al</i>. Precision Measurement of the Top Quark Mass in Lepton+Jets Final States. <i>Physical Review Letters</i> [online]. 17. červenec 2014. Svazek 113, čís. 032002. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.032002">Dostupné online</a>. PDF <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/1405.1756">[1]</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/issn/1079-7114">1079-7114</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1103%2FPhysRevLett.113.032002">10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.032002</a>. (anglicky)</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=Physical+Review+Letters&rft_id=info:doi/10.1103%2FPhysRevLett.113.032002&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjournals.aps.org%2Fprl%2Fabstract%2F10.1103%2FPhysRevLett.113.032002&rft.atitle=Precision+Measurement+of+the+Top+Quark+Mass+in+Lepton%2BJets+Final+States&rft.date=2014&rft.chron=17. %C4%8Dervenec&rft.volume=113&rft.issue=032002&rft.issn=1079-7114&rft.aulast=Abazov&rft.aufirst=V.%E2%80%89M.&rft.aucorp=Spolupr%C3%A1ce+projektu+D0"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Physics_2014-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Physics_2014_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;"> Synopsis: Top Quark Mass Gets an Update. <i>Physics</i> [online]. 17. červenec 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://physics.aps.org/synopsis-for/10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.032002">Dostupné online</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/issn/1943-2879">1943-2879</a>. (anglicky)</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=Physics&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fphysics.aps.org%2Fsynopsis-for%2F10.1103%2FPhysRevLett.113.032002&rft.atitle=Synopsis%3A+Top+Quark+Mass+Gets+an+Update&rft.date=2014&rft.chron=17. %C4%8Dervenec&rft.issn=1943-2879"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal;">Spolupráce projektů ATLAS, CDF, CMS, D0. <i>First combination of Tevatron and LHC measurements of the top-quark mass</i> [online]. S. 1–33. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arxiv.org/pdf/1403.4427v1">PDF</a>. arXiv:1403.4427. (anglicky)</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelmonografie&rft.btitle=First+combination+of+Tevatron+and+LHC+measurements+of+the+top-quark+mass&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farxiv.org%2Fpdf%2F1403.4427v1&rft.aucorp=Spolupr%C3%A1ce+projekt%C5%AF+ATLAS%2C+CDF%2C+CMS%2C+D0&rft.pages=1%E2%80%9333"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">First joint result from LHC and Tevatron experiments. PhysOrg, 19. březen 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://phys.org/news/2014-03-joint-result-lhc-tevatron.html">Dostupné online</a>(anglicky)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www2.ph.ed.ac.uk/~playfer/PPlect9.pdf">http://www2.ph.ed.ac.uk/~playfer/PPlect9.pdf</a> - Valence Quark Model of Hadrons</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://phys.org/news/2016-02-physicists-gluons-contribution-proton.html">http://phys.org/news/2016-02-physicists-gluons-contribution-proton.html</a> - Physicists zoom in on gluons' contribution to proton spin</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mihulka_2013a-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Mihulka_2013a_12-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;">MIHULKA, Stanislav. Nová příšera v zoo: Nejspíš ulovili tetrakvark!. <i>OSEL.cz</i> [online]. 19. červen 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.osel.cz/index.php?clanek=6978">Dostupné online</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=OSEL.cz&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.osel.cz%2Findex.php%3Fclanek%3D6978&rft.atitle=Nov%C3%A1+p%C5%99%C3%AD%C5%A1era+v%26nbsp%3Bzoo%3A+Nejsp%C3%AD%C5%A1+ulovili+tetrakvark%21&rft.date=2013&rft.chron=19. %C4%8Derven&rft.aulast=Mihulka&rft.aufirst=Stanislav"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mihulka_2013b-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Mihulka_2013b_13-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;">MIHULKA, Stanislav. Objevíme celou novou rodinu tetrakvarků?. <i>OSEL.cz</i> [online]. 11. listopad 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.osel.cz/index.php?clanek=7262">Dostupné online</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=OSEL.cz&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.osel.cz%2Findex.php%3Fclanek%3D7262&rft.atitle=Objev%C3%ADme+celou+novou+rodinu+tetrakvark%C5%AF%3F&rft.date=2013&rft.chron=11. listopad&rft.aulast=Mihulka&rft.aufirst=Stanislav"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-X(5568)-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-X(5568)_14-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;">JOHNSTON, Hamish. Fermilab bags a tetraquark. <i>Physics World</i> [online]. 29. únor 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://physicsworld.com/cws/article/news/2016/feb/29/fermilab-bags-a-tetraquark">Dostupné online</a>. (anglicky)</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=Physics+World&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fphysicsworld.com%2Fcws%2Farticle%2Fnews%2F2016%2Ffeb%2F29%2Ffermilab-bags-a-tetraquark&rft.atitle=Fermilab+bags+a+tetraquark&rft.date=2016&rft.chron=29. %C3%BAnor&rft.aulast=Johnston&rft.aufirst=Hamish"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-arXiv-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-arXiv_15-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="book" style="font-style:normal;">LHCb collaboration. <i>Observation of J/ψp resonances consistent with pentaquark states in Λ<sub>b</sub></i><sup>0</sup><i>→J/ψK−p decays</i> [online]. 1. vyd. CERN, 2015-07-13. S. 1–48. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arxiv.org/abs/1507.03414">Dostupné online</a>. PDF <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://arxiv.org/pdf/1507.03414v1">[2]</a>. arXiv:1507.03414. (anglicky)</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelmonografie&rft.btitle=Observation+of+J%2F%CF%88p+resonances+consistent+with+pentaquark+states+in+%CE%9B%3Csub%3Eb%3C%2Fsub%3E%27%27%3Csup%3E0%3C%2Fsup%3E%27%27%E2%86%92J%2F%CF%88K%E2%88%92p+decays&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farxiv.org%2Fabs%2F1507.03414&rft.aucorp=LHCb+collaboration&rft.pub=CERN&rft.edition=1&rft.pages=1%E2%80%9348"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OSEL-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-OSEL_16-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;">MIHULKA, Stanislav. Na Velkém hadronovém srážeči chytili pentakvarky. <i>OSEL.cz</i> [online]. 14. červenec 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.osel.cz/8328-na-velkem-hadronovem-srazeci-chytili-pentakvarky.html">Dostupné online</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=OSEL.cz&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.osel.cz%2F8328-na-velkem-hadronovem-srazeci-chytili-pentakvarky.html&rft.atitle=Na+Velk%C3%A9m+hadronov%C3%A9m+sr%C3%A1%C5%BEe%C4%8Di+chytili+pentakvarky&rft.date=2015&rft.chron=14. %C4%8Dervenec&rft.aulast=Mihulka&rft.aufirst=Stanislav"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PhysOrg_2014-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-PhysOrg_2014_17-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;"> Quarks in six-packs: Exotic Particle Confirmed. <i>Phys.org</i> [online]. 6. červen 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://phys.org/news/2014-06-quarks-six-packs-exotic-particle.html">Dostupné online</a>. (anglicky)</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=Phys.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fphys.org%2Fnews%2F2014-06-quarks-six-packs-exotic-particle.html&rft.atitle=Quarks+in+six-packs%3A+Exotic+Particle+Confirmed&rft.date=2014&rft.chron=6. %C4%8Derven"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mihulka_2014-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Mihulka_2014_18-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;">MIHULKA, Stanislav. Dibaryon ze šesti kvarků potvrzen v urychlovači COSY. <i>OSEL.cz</i> [online]. 16. červen 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.osel.cz/index.php?clanek=7644">Dostupné online</a>.</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=OSEL.cz&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.osel.cz%2Findex.php%3Fclanek%3D7644&rft.atitle=Dibaryon+ze+%C5%A1esti+kvark%C5%AF+potvrzen+v%26nbsp%3Burychlova%C4%8Di+COSY&rft.date=2014&rft.chron=16. %C4%8Derven&rft.aulast=Mihulka&rft.aufirst=Stanislav"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PDG_2014-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-PDG_2014_19-0"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PDG_2014_19-1"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">b</sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;">OLIVE, K. A., <i>et al.</i> (<a href="/wiki/Particle_Data_Group" title="Particle Data Group">Particle Data Group</a>). The Review of Particle Physics. Kapitola Particle properties. Mesons. The <i>η</i>(1405), <i>η</i>(1475), <i>f</i><sub>1</sub>(1420), and <i>f</i><sub>1</sub>(1510).. <i>Chinese Physics C</i> [online]. 21. srpen 2014 [cit. 2016-03-03]. Svazek 38, čís. 9:090001. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304195419/http://www-pdg.lbl.gov/2015/reviews/contents_sports.html">Dostupné v archivu</a> pořízeném dne 2016-03-04. PDF <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www-pdg.lbl.gov/2015/reviews/rpp2014-rev-eta1440.pdf">[3]</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/issn/1674-1137">1674-1137</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1088%2F1674-1137%2F38%2F9%2F090001">10.1088/1674-1137/38/9/090001</a>. (anglicky)</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=Chinese+Physics+C&rft_id=info:doi/10.1088%2F1674-1137%2F38%2F9%2F090001&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww-pdg.lbl.gov%2F2015%2Freviews%2Fcontents_sports.html&rft.atitle=The+Review+of+Particle+Physics&rft.date=2014&rft.chron=21. srpen&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=9%3A090001&rft.issn=1674-1137&rft.aulast=Olive&rft.aufirst=K.+A."><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Brünner_2015-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Brünner_2015_20-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;">BRÜNNER, Frederic; REBHAN, Anton. Nonchiral Enhancement of Scalar Glueball Decay in the Witten-Sakai-Sugimoto Model. <i>Physical Review Letters</i> [online]. 21. září 2015. Svazek 115, čís. 13: 131601. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.131601">Dostupné online</a>. PDF <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://arxiv.org/pdf/1504.05815v3">[4]</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/issn/1079-7114">1079-7114</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" title="Digital object identifier">DOI</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1103%2FPhysRevLett.115.131601">10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.131601</a>. (anglicky)</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=Physical+Review+Letters&rft_id=info:doi/10.1103%2FPhysRevLett.115.131601&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjournals.aps.org%2Fprl%2Fabstract%2F10.1103%2FPhysRevLett.115.131601&rft.atitle=Nonchiral+Enhancement+of+Scalar+Glueball+Decay+in+the+Witten-Sakai-Sugimoto+Model&rft.date=2015&rft.chron=21. z%C3%A1%C5%99%C3%AD&rft.volume=115&rft.issue=13%3A+131601&rft.issn=1079-7114&rft.aulast=Br%C3%BCnner&rft.aufirst=Frederic&rft.au=Rebhan%2C+Anton"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-21">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal;"> A particle purely made of nuclear force. <i>Phys.org</i> [online]. 13. říjen 2015. Popularizační článek k předchozí referenci. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://phys.org/news/2015-10-particle-purely-nuclear.html">Dostupné online</a>. (anglicky)</cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/cs.wikipedia.org:templatecitaceelperiodika&rft.jtitle=Phys.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fphys.org%2Fnews%2F2015-10-particle-purely-nuclear.html&rft.atitle=A+particle+purely+made+of+nuclear+force&rft.date=2015&rft.chron=13. %C5%99%C3%ADjen&rft.aucorp=Vienna+University+of+Technology"><span style="display:none"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-24">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">J. Beringer et al. (Particle Data Group), The Review of Particle Physics. <i>Phys. Rev.</i> D86, 010001 (2012). Oddíl: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-pdg.lbl.gov/2012/reviews/rpp2012-rev-pentaquarks.pdf">Leptoquarks (autoři S. Rolli, M. Tanabashi)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130723120718/http://www-pdg.lbl.gov/2012/reviews/rpp2012-rev-pentaquarks.pdf">Archivováno</a> 23. 7. 2013 na <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Wayback Machine</a>. (anglicky)</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Související_články"><span id="Souvisej.C3.ADc.C3.AD_.C4.8Dl.C3.A1nky"></span>Související články</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvark&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Editace sekce: Související články" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvark&action=edit&section=11" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Související články"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Element%C3%A1rn%C3%AD_%C4%8D%C3%A1stice" title="Elementární částice">Elementární částice</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Externí_odkazy"><span id="Extern.C3.AD_odkazy"></span>Externí odkazy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvark&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Editace sekce: Externí odkazy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editovat</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvark&action=edit&section=12" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Externí odkazy"><span>editovat zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="wd"><span class="sisterproject sisterproject-commons"><span class="sisterproject_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Logo Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></span> <span class="sisterproject_text">Obrázky, zvuky či videa k tématu <span class="sisterproject_text_target"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Quarks" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Quarks">kvark</a></span> na <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></span></span><i> </i></li> <li><span class="sisterproject sisterproject-wiktionary"><span class="sisterproject_image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg/16px-Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg/24px-Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg/32px-Wiktionary-logo-cs.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="411" data-file-height="411" /></span></span></span> <span class="sisterproject_text"><span class="sisterproject_text_prefix">Slovníkové heslo </span><span class="sisterproject_text_target"><a href="https://cs.wiktionary.org/wiki/kvark" class="extiw" title="wikt:kvark">kvark</a></span><span class="sisterproject_text_suffix"> ve Wikislovníku</span></span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aldebaran.cz/astrofyzika/interakce/particles.html#Kvarky">Kvarky na aldebaran.cz</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/particles/quark.html">Quarks (HyperPhysics)</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox noprint" title="Částice"><table title="" class="navbox-navbox mw-collapsible autocollapse nowraplinks noprint" cellspacing="0" data-collapsetext="skrýt" data-expandtext="zobrazit"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r17064757">.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .mw-collapsible-toggle{font-weight:normal}</style><tbody><tr> <th class="navbox-title" colspan="2"> <span class="navbox-titletext"><a href="/wiki/%C4%8C%C3%A1stice" title="Částice">Částice</a></span> </th> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Element%C3%A1rn%C3%AD_%C4%8D%C3%A1stice" title="Elementární částice">Elementární částice</a></td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div> </div><table title="" class="navbox-subgroup nowraplinks noprint" cellspacing="0" data-collapsetext="skrýt" data-expandtext="zobrazit"><tbody><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group">částice hmoty<br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion">fermiony</a>)</small></td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even"> <div> </div><table title="" class="navbox-subgroup nowraplinks noprint" cellspacing="0" data-collapsetext="skrýt" data-expandtext="zobrazit"><tbody><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">kvarky</a></td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div> <a href="/wiki/Kvark_u" title="Kvark u">kvark u</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Antikvark_u&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antikvark u (stránka neexistuje)">antikvark u</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kvark_d" title="Kvark d">kvark d</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Antikvark_d&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antikvark d (stránka neexistuje)">antikvark d</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kvark_s" title="Kvark s">kvark s</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Antikvark_s&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antikvark s (stránka neexistuje)">antikvark s</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kvark_c" title="Kvark c">kvark c</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Antikvark_c&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antikvark c (stránka neexistuje)">antikvark c</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kvark_t" title="Kvark t">kvark t</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Antikvark_t&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antikvark t (stránka neexistuje)">antikvark t</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kvark_b" title="Kvark b">kvark b</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Antikvark_b&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antikvark b (stránka neexistuje)">antikvark b</a></div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Lepton" title="Lepton">leptony</a></td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even"> <div> <a href="/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron">elektron</a> • <a href="/wiki/Pozitron" title="Pozitron">pozitron</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mion" title="Mion">mion</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Antimion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antimion (stránka neexistuje)">antimion</a> • <a href="/wiki/Tauon" title="Tauon">tauon</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Antitauon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antitauon (stránka neexistuje)">antitauon</a> • <a href="/wiki/Elektronov%C3%A9_neutrino" class="mw-redirect" title="Elektronové neutrino">elektronové neutrino</a> • <a href="/wiki/Elektronov%C3%A9_antineutrino" class="mw-redirect" title="Elektronové antineutrino">elektronové antineutrino</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mionov%C3%A9_neutrino" class="mw-redirect" title="Mionové neutrino">mionové neutrino</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mionov%C3%A9_antineutrino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mionové antineutrino (stránka neexistuje)">mionové antineutrino</a> • <a href="/wiki/Tauonov%C3%A9_neutrino" class="mw-redirect" title="Tauonové neutrino">tauonové neutrino</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tauonov%C3%A9_antineutrino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tauonové antineutrino (stránka neexistuje)">tauonové antineutrino</a></div> </td> </tr></tbody></table> <div></div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group">částice interakcí<br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/Boson" title="Boson">bosony</a>)</small></td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div> <a href="/wiki/Foton" title="Foton">foton</a> • <a href="/wiki/Gluon" title="Gluon">gluon</a> • <a href="/wiki/Boson_W_a_Z" title="Boson W a Z">bosony W a Z</a> • <a href="/wiki/Higgs%C5%AFv_boson" title="Higgsův boson">Higgsův boson</a></div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group">hypotetické</td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even"> <div> </div><table title="" class="navbox-subgroup nowraplinks noprint" cellspacing="0" data-collapsetext="skrýt" data-expandtext="zobrazit"><tbody><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group">částice interakcí</td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div> <a href="/wiki/Graviton" title="Graviton">graviton</a> • <a href="/wiki/Boson_X_a_Y" title="Boson X a Y">bosony X a Y</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Boson_W%27_a_Z%27&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boson W' a Z' (stránka neexistuje)">bosony W' a Z'</a> • <a href="/wiki/Majoron" title="Majoron">majoron</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Du%C3%A1ln%C3%AD_graviton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Duální graviton (stránka neexistuje)">duální graviton</a></div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Superpartne%C5%99i" title="Superpartneři">superpartneři</a></td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even"> <div> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gluino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gluino (stránka neexistuje)">gluino</a> • <a href="/wiki/Gravitino" title="Gravitino">gravitino</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chargino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chargino (stránka neexistuje)">chargino</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Neutralino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neutralino (stránka neexistuje)">neutralino</a> • (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fotino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fotino (stránka neexistuje)">fotino</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Higgsino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Higgsino (stránka neexistuje)">higgsino</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wino (stránka neexistuje)">wino</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zino (stránka neexistuje)">zino</a>) • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Slepton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Slepton (stránka neexistuje)">slepton</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Skvark&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skvark (stránka neexistuje)">skvark</a> • <a href="/wiki/Axino" title="Axino">axino</a></div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group">ostatní</td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div> <a href="/wiki/Axion" title="Axion">axion</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dilaton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dilaton (stránka neexistuje)">dilaton</a> • <a href="/wiki/Magnetick%C3%BD_monop%C3%B3l" title="Magnetický monopól">magnetický monopól</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Planckova_%C4%8D%C3%A1stice&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Planckova částice (stránka neexistuje)">Planckova částice</a> • <a href="/wiki/Preon" class="mw-redirect" title="Preon">preon</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Steriln%C3%AD_neutrino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sterilní neutrino (stránka neexistuje)">sterilní neutrino</a> • <a href="/wiki/Tachyon" title="Tachyon">tachyon</a></div> </td> </tr></tbody></table> <div></div> </td> </tr></tbody></table> <div></div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Slo%C5%BEen%C3%A1_%C4%8D%C3%A1stice" class="mw-redirect" title="Složená částice">Složené částice</a></td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even"> <div> </div><table title="" class="navbox-subgroup nowraplinks noprint" cellspacing="0" data-collapsetext="skrýt" data-expandtext="zobrazit"><tbody><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Hadron" title="Hadron">hadrony</a></td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div> </div><table title="" class="navbox-subgroup nowraplinks noprint" cellspacing="0" data-collapsetext="skrýt" data-expandtext="zobrazit"><tbody><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Baryon" title="Baryon">baryony</a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion">fermiony</a>)</small></td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-off"> <div> </div><table title="" class="navbox-subgroup nowraplinks noprint" cellspacing="0" data-collapsetext="skrýt" data-expandtext="zobrazit"><tbody><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Nukleon" title="Nukleon">nukleony</a></td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div> <a href="/wiki/Proton" title="Proton">proton</a> • <a href="/wiki/Antiproton" title="Antiproton">antiproton</a> • <a href="/wiki/Neutron" title="Neutron">neutron</a> • <a href="/wiki/Antineutron" title="Antineutron">antineutron</a></div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Hyperon" title="Hyperon">hyperony</a></td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even"> <div> <a href="/wiki/Baryon_delta" title="Baryon delta">Δ</a> • <a href="/wiki/Baryon_lambda" title="Baryon lambda">Λ</a> • <a href="/wiki/Baryon_sigma" title="Baryon sigma">Σ, Σ<sup>*</sup></a> • <a href="/wiki/Baryon_ks%C3%AD" title="Baryon ksí">Ξ, Ξ<sup>*</sup></a> • <a href="/wiki/Baryon_omega" title="Baryon omega">Ω</a></div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group">ostatní baryonové <a href="/wiki/Hadron#Rezonance" title="Hadron">rezonance</a></td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Baryon_N&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baryon N (stránka neexistuje)">N</a> • <a href="/wiki/Baryon_delta" title="Baryon delta">Δ</a> • <a href="/wiki/Baryon_lambda" title="Baryon lambda">Λ, Λ<sub>c</sub>, Λ<sub>b</sub></a> • <a href="/wiki/Baryon_sigma" title="Baryon sigma">Σ, Σ<sub>c</sub>, Σ<sub>b</sub></a> • <a href="/wiki/Baryon_ks%C3%AD" title="Baryon ksí">Ξ, Ξ<sub>c</sub>, Ξ<sub>b</sub>, Ξ<sub>cc</sub></a> • <a href="/wiki/Baryon_omega" title="Baryon omega">Ω, Ω<sub>c</sub>, Ω<sub>b</sub></a></div> </td> </tr></tbody></table> <div></div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Mezon" title="Mezon">mezony</a>/<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvarkonium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kvarkonium (stránka neexistuje)">kvarkonia</a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/Boson" title="Boson">bosony</a>)</small></td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-off"> <div> <a href="/wiki/Pion" title="Pion">pion</a> • <a href="/wiki/Kaon" title="Kaon">kaon</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mezon_r%C3%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mezon ró (stránka neexistuje)">ρ</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mezon_%C3%A9ta" title="Mezon éta">η</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mezon_f%C3%AD" title="Mezon fí">φ</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mezon_omega&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mezon omega (stránka neexistuje)">ω</a> • <a href="/wiki/%C4%8C%C3%A1stice_J/%CF%88" title="Částice J/ψ">J/ψ</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mezon_ypsilon" class="mw-redirect" title="Mezon ypsilon">ϒ</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mezon_th%C3%A9ta" title="Mezon théta">θ</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mezon_B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mezon B (stránka neexistuje)">B</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mezon_D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mezon D (stránka neexistuje)">D</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mezon_T" title="Mezon T">T</a></div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Exotick%C3%A9_hadrony&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Exotické hadrony (stránka neexistuje)">exotické hadrony</a></td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-off"> <div> </div><table title="" class="navbox-subgroup nowraplinks noprint" cellspacing="0" data-collapsetext="skrýt" data-expandtext="zobrazit"><tbody><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Tetrakvark" title="Tetrakvark">tetrakvarky</a>/dvoumezonové molekuly<br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/Boson" title="Boson">bosony</a>)</small></td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tcs(2900)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tcs(2900) (stránka neexistuje)">T<sup>a</sup><sub>cs0</sub>(2900)<sup>++</sup></a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tcs(2900)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tcs(2900) (stránka neexistuje)">T<sup>a</sup><sub>cs0</sub>(2900)<sup>0</sup></a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=X(2900)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="X(2900) (stránka neexistuje)">X(2900)</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=X(3872)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="X(3872) (stránka neexistuje)">X(3872)</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=X(4140)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="X(4140) (stránka neexistuje)">X(4140)</a> (s <a href="/wiki/Excitace" title="Excitace">excitacemi</a> X(4274), X(4500), X(4700)) • <a href="/w/index.php?title=X(4630)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="X(4630) (stránka neexistuje)">X(4630)</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=X(4685)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="X(4685) (stránka neexistuje)">X(4685)</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=X(5568)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="X(5568) (stránka neexistuje)">X(5568)</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=X(6900)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="X(6900) (stránka neexistuje)">X(6900)</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zc(3900)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zc(3900) (stránka neexistuje)">Z<sub>c</sub>(3900)</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zc(4430)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zc(4430) (stránka neexistuje)">Z<sub>c</sub>(4430)</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zcs(4000)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zcs(4000) (stránka neexistuje)">Z<sub>cs</sub>(4000)<sup>+</sup></a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zcs(4220)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zcs(4220) (stránka neexistuje)">Z<sub>cs</sub>(4220)<sup>+</sup></a></div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Pentakvark" title="Pentakvark">pentakvarky</a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/Fermion" title="Fermion">fermiony</a>)</small></td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even"> <div> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pc(4312)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pc(4312) (stránka neexistuje)">P<sub>c</sub><sup>+</sup>(4312)</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pc(4380)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pc(4380) (stránka neexistuje)">P<sub>c</sub><sup>+</sup>(4380)</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pc(4450)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pc(4450) (stránka neexistuje)">P<sub>c</sub><sup>+</sup>(4440)</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pc(4450)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pc(4450) (stránka neexistuje)">P<sub>c</sub><sup>+</sup>(4457)</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=P%CF%88s(4338)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pψs(4338) (stránka neexistuje)">P<sup>Λ</sup><sub>ψs</sub>(4338)<sup>0</sup></a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=%CE%9B(1405)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Λ(1405) (stránka neexistuje)">„Λ(1405)“</a></div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Hexakvark" title="Hexakvark">hexakvarky</a>/dibaryony<br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/Boson" title="Boson">bosony</a>)</small></td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div> <a href="/w/index.php?title=D*(2380)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="D*(2380) (stránka neexistuje)">d*(2380)</a></div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glueball&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glueball (stránka neexistuje)">glueballs</a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/Boson" title="Boson">bosony</a>)</small></td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even"> <div> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Odderon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Odderon (stránka neexistuje)">odderon</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pomeron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pomeron (stránka neexistuje)">pomeron</a> (hypotetický)</div> </td> </tr></tbody></table> <div></div> </td> </tr></tbody></table> <div></div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group">další částice</td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even"> <div> částice <a href="/wiki/Neutronium" title="Neutronium">neutronia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dineutron" class="mw-redirect" title="Dineutron">dineutron</a> • <a href="/wiki/Tetraneutron" class="mw-redirect" title="Tetraneutron">tetraneutron</a>) • <a href="/wiki/Atomov%C3%A9_j%C3%A1dro" title="Atomové jádro">atomové jádro</a> (<a href="/wiki/Deuteron" class="mw-redirect" title="Deuteron">deuteron</a> • <a href="/wiki/Triton_(%C4%8D%C3%A1stice)" class="mw-redirect" title="Triton (částice)">triton</a> • <a href="/wiki/Helion" class="mw-redirect" title="Helion">helion</a> • <a href="/wiki/%C4%8C%C3%A1stice_alfa" title="Částice alfa">částice alfa</a> • <a href="/wiki/Hyperj%C3%A1dro" title="Hyperjádro">hyperjádro</a>) • <a href="/wiki/Atom" title="Atom">atom</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Superatom&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Superatom (stránka neexistuje)">superatom</a> • <a href="/wiki/Exotick%C3%A9_atomy" class="mw-redirect" title="Exotické atomy">exotické atomy</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pozitronium" title="Pozitronium">pozitronium</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mionium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mionium (stránka neexistuje)">mionium</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Onium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Onium (stránka neexistuje)">onium</a>) • <a href="/wiki/Molekula" title="Molekula">molekula</a></div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group">hypotetické</td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div> </div><table title="" class="navbox-subgroup nowraplinks noprint" cellspacing="0" data-collapsetext="skrýt" data-expandtext="zobrazit"><tbody><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Mezon" title="Mezon">mezony</a>/<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvarkonium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kvarkonium (stránka neexistuje)">kvarkonia</a></td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div> <a href="/wiki/Mezon_th%C3%A9ta" title="Mezon théta">mezon théta</a> • <a href="/wiki/Mezon_T" title="Mezon T">mezon T</a></div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group">exotické mezony</td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-even"> <div> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kvark-antikvark-gluonov%C3%A9_kompozity&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kvark-antikvark-gluonové kompozity (stránka neexistuje)">kvark-antikvark-gluonové kompozity</a></div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group">ostatní</td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dikvarky&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dikvarky (stránka neexistuje)">dikvarky</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leptokvarky&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leptokvarky (stránka neexistuje)">leptokvarky</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pomeron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pomeron (stránka neexistuje)">pomeron</a></div> </td> </tr></tbody></table> <div></div> </td> </tr></tbody></table> <div></div> </td> </tr><tr class="navbox-padding"><td></td></tr> <tr> <td class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Kvazi%C4%8D%C3%A1stice" class="mw-redirect" title="Kvazičástice">Kvazičástice</a></td> <td class="navbox-list navbox-odd"> <div> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Davydov%C5%AFv_soliton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Davydovův soliton (stránka neexistuje)">Davydovův soliton</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dropleton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dropleton (stránka neexistuje)">dropleton</a> • <a href="/wiki/Elektronov%C3%A1_d%C3%ADra" title="Elektronová díra">elektronová díra</a> • <a href="/wiki/Exciton" title="Exciton">exciton</a> • <a href="/wiki/Fonon" title="Fonon">fonon</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Magnon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Magnon (stránka neexistuje)">magnon</a> • <a href="/wiki/Plazmaron" title="Plazmaron">plazmaron</a> • <a href="/wiki/Plazmon_(kvazi%C4%8D%C3%A1stice)" title="Plazmon (kvazičástice)">plazmon</a> • <a href="/wiki/Polariton" title="Polariton">polariton</a> • <a href="/wiki/Polaron" title="Polaron">polaron</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Roton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roton (stránka neexistuje)">roton</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Skyrmion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skyrmion (stránka neexistuje)">skyrmion</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Trion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trion (stránka neexistuje)">trion</a></div> </td> </tr></tbody></table> </div> <table class="plainlinks metadata noprint pahyl" cellpadding="2" style="background: transparent;"> <tbody><tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Soubor:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pahýl"><img alt="Pahýl" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/60px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/80px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a><figcaption>Pahýl</figcaption></figure> </td> <td><i>Tento článek je příliš stručný nebo <a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:Pah%C3%BDl" title="Wikipedie:Pahýl">postrádá důležité informace</a>.<br />Pomozte Wikipedii tím, že jej vhodně <a class="external text" href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kvark&action=edit">rozšíříte</a>. Nevkládejte však <a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:Autorsk%C3%A9_pr%C3%A1vo#Publikování_cizích_autorských_děl" title="Wikipedie:Autorské právo">bez oprávnění</a> cizí texty.</i> </td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23078045">.mw-parser-output .navbox2{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox2 .navbox2{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox2+.navbox2{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output th.navbox2-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox2,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox2-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox2-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox2-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox2-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox2 th,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-title{background-color:#e0e0e0}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output th.navbox2-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-subgroup .navbox2-title{background-color:#e7e7e7}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-subgroup .navbox2-title{font-size:88%}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-subgroup .navbox2-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox2-subgroup .navbox2-abovebelow{background-color:#f0f0f0}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox2-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox2 .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox2 .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox2 .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox2 td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox2 td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox2 td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}</style><div role="navigation" class="navbox2" aria-labelledby="Autoritní_data_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Editovat_na_Wikidatech_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6718#identifiers&#124;Editovat_na_Wikidatech" style="padding:2px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox2-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Autoritní_data_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Editovat_na_Wikidatech_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6718#identifiers&#124;Editovat_na_Wikidatech" scope="row" class="navbox2-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Autoritn%C3%AD_kontrola" title="Autoritní kontrola">Autoritní data</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6718#identifiers" title="Editovat na Wikidatech"><img alt="Editovat na Wikidatech" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox2-list navbox2-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_knihovna_%C4%8Cesk%C3%A9_republiky" title="Národní knihovna České republiky">NKC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph122056">ph122056</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Polytematick%C3%BD_strukturovan%C3%BD_hesl%C3%A1%C5%99" title="Polytematický strukturovaný heslář">PSH</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://psh.techlib.cz/skos/PSH3697">3697</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Francouzsk%C3%A1_n%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_knihovna" title="Francouzská národní knihovna">BNF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11941539b">cb11941539b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11941539b">(data)</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4048005-7">4048005-7</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85109479">sh85109479</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_parlamentn%C3%AD_knihovna_Japonska" title="Národní parlamentní knihovna Japonska">NDL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/01215059">01215059</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_knihovna_Izraele" title="Národní knihovna Izraele">NLI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007550891605171">987007550891605171</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Citováno z „<a dir="ltr" href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kvark&oldid=22994300#Vůně">https://cs.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kvark&oldid=22994300#Vůně</a>“</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1pov%C4%9Bda:Kategorie" title="Nápověda:Kategorie">Kategorie</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Element%C3%A1rn%C3%AD_%C4%8D%C3%A1stice" title="Kategorie:Elementární částice">Elementární částice</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Kvantov%C3%A1_chromodynamika" title="Kategorie:Kvantová chromodynamika">Kvantová chromodynamika</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Skryté kategorie: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Pah%C3%BDly" title="Kategorie:Pahýly">Pahýly</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Monitoring:%C4%8Cl%C3%A1nky_s_identifik%C3%A1torem_NKC" title="Kategorie:Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem NKC">Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem NKC</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Monitoring:%C4%8Cl%C3%A1nky_s_identifik%C3%A1torem_PSH" title="Kategorie:Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem PSH">Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem PSH</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Monitoring:%C4%8Cl%C3%A1nky_s_identifik%C3%A1torem_BNF" title="Kategorie:Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem BNF">Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem BNF</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Monitoring:%C4%8Cl%C3%A1nky_s_identifik%C3%A1torem_GND" title="Kategorie:Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem GND">Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem GND</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Monitoring:%C4%8Cl%C3%A1nky_s_identifik%C3%A1torem_LCCN" title="Kategorie:Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem LCCN">Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem LCCN</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Monitoring:%C4%8Cl%C3%A1nky_s_identifik%C3%A1torem_NDL" title="Kategorie:Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem NDL">Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem NDL</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Monitoring:%C4%8Cl%C3%A1nky_s_identifik%C3%A1torem_NLI" title="Kategorie:Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem NLI">Monitoring:Články s identifikátorem NLI</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Stránka byla naposledy editována 22. 7. 2023 v 03:42.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text je dostupný pod <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.cs">licencí Creative Commons Uveďte původ – Zachovejte licenci</a>, případně za dalších podmínek. Podrobnosti naleznete na stránce <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Policy:Terms_of_Use/cs">Podmínky užití</a>.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Ochrana osobních údajů</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedie">O Wikipedii</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedie:Vylou%C4%8Den%C3%AD_odpov%C4%9Bdnosti">Vyloučení odpovědnosti</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedie:Kontakt">Kontaktujte Wikipedii</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Kodex chování</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Vývojáři</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/cs.wikipedia.org">Statistiky</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Prohlášení o cookies</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//cs.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kvark&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile#Vůně" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobilní verze</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-66c5b56c76-vmjj4","wgBackendResponseTime":147,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.353","walltime":"0.546","ppvisitednodes":{"value":3370,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":104880,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":78698,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":15,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":7,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":30483,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 374.627 1 -total"," 27.18% 101.829 1 Šablona:Commonscat"," 24.31% 91.090 9 Šablona:Navbox"," 21.89% 82.001 1 Šablona:Autoritní_data"," 13.66% 51.156 12 Šablona:Citace_elektronického_periodika"," 12.29% 46.051 1 Šablona:Částice"," 5.52% 20.680 1 Šablona:Podrobně"," 5.20% 19.498 2 Šablona:Seznam"," 3.44% 12.892 1 Šablona:Wikislovník"," 2.03% 7.601 4 Šablona:Povinný_stacktrace"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.092","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":1983171,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-d948c7fb8-jmnrx","timestamp":"20241206132551","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Kvark","url":"https:\/\/cs.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kvark#V\u016fn\u011b","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q6718","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q6718","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"P\u0159isp\u011bvatel\u00e9 projekt\u016f Wikimedia"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"nadace Wikimedia","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2006-01-14T16:34:31Z","dateModified":"2023-07-22T02:42:03Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/b\/b7\/Proton_quark_structure.svg","headline":"t\u0159\u00edda element\u00e1rn\u00edch \u010d\u00e1stic, ze kter\u00fdch se skl\u00e1daj\u00ed hadrony"}</script> </body> </html>