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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Theatrical genre intended to make an audience laugh</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the performing art. For the literary genre, see <a href="/wiki/Comedy" title="Comedy">Comedy</a>.</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Comedy_drama" title="Comedy drama">Comedy drama</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background:antiquewhite;">Comedy</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Chaplin_The_Champion.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Chaplin_The_Champion.jpg/220px-Chaplin_The_Champion.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="221" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Chaplin_The_Champion.jpg/330px-Chaplin_The_Champion.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Chaplin_The_Champion.jpg 2x" data-file-width="372" data-file-height="373" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Chaplin" title="Charlie Chaplin">Charlie Chaplin</a>, one of the most famous <a href="/wiki/Comedian" title="Comedian">comedians</a> of the 20th century</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Medium</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comedy" title="Comedy">Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stand-up_comedy" title="Stand-up comedy">stand-up</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_album" title="Comedy album">sound recording</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_film" title="Comedy film">film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_comedy" title="Radio comedy">radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_comedy" title="Television comedy">television</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Types</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li>Anecdotal</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_comedy" title="Black comedy">black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_comedy" class="mw-redirect" title="Blue comedy">blue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Character_comedy" title="Character comedy">character</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Improvisational_comedy" class="mw-redirect" title="Improvisational comedy">improvisational</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insult_comedy" title="Insult comedy">insult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musical_comedy" class="mw-redirect" title="Musical comedy">musical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One-line_joke" title="One-line joke">one-liners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Physical_comedy" title="Physical comedy">slapstick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sitcom" title="Sitcom">sitcom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sketch_comedy" title="Sketch comedy">sketch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surreal_comedy" class="mw-redirect" title="Surreal comedy">surreal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satire" title="Satire">satire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ventriloquism" title="Ventriloquism">ventriloquism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Word_play" title="Word play">word play</a></li></ul> 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.sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="background:antiquewhite;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Performing_arts" title="Category:Performing arts">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background:antiquewhite;;display:block;margin-bottom:0.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Performing_arts" title="Performing arts">Performing arts</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acrobatics" title="Acrobatics">Acrobatics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballet" title="Ballet">Ballet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_circus_skills" title="List of circus skills">Circus skills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clown" title="Clown">Clown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dance" title="Dance">Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gymnastics" title="Gymnastics">Gymnastics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magic_(illusion)" title="Magic (illusion)">Magic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mime_artist" title="Mime artist">Mime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music" title="Music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opera" title="Opera">Opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_wrestling" title="Professional wrestling">Professional wrestling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puppetry" title="Puppetry">Puppetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_speaking" title="Public speaking">Speech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stand-up_comedy" title="Stand-up comedy">Stand-up comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_performance" title="Street performance">Street performance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre" title="Theatre">Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ventriloquism" title="Ventriloquism">Ventriloquism</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Performing_arts" title="Template:Performing arts"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Performing_arts" title="Template talk:Performing arts"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Performing_arts" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Performing arts"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Comedy</b> is a genre of <a href="/wiki/Drama" title="Drama">dramatic performance</a> having a light or <a href="/wiki/Humour" title="Humour">humorous</a> tone that depicts amusing incidents and in which the characters ultimately triumph over adversity.<sup id="cite_ref-OED_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OED-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For ancient Greeks and Romans, a comedy was a stage-play with a happy ending. In the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a>, the term expanded to include narrative poems with happy endings and a lighter tone. In this sense <a href="/wiki/Dante" class="mw-redirect" title="Dante">Dante</a> used the term in the title of his poem, the <i><a href="/wiki/Divine_Comedy" title="Divine Comedy">Divine Comedy</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>: <i>Divina Commedia</i>). </p><p>The phenomena connected with laughter and that which provokes it have been carefully investigated by psychologists. The predominating <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/characteristic" class="extiw" title="wikt:characteristic">characteristics</a> are incongruity or contrast in the object, and shock or emotional seizure on the part of the subject. It has also been held that the feeling of superiority is an essential factor: thus <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes">Thomas Hobbes</a> speaks of laughter as a "sudden glory." Modern investigators have paid much attention to the origin both of laughter and of smiling, as well as the development of the "play instinct" and its emotional expression. </p><p>Much comedy contains variations on the elements of surprise, incongruity, conflict, repetitiveness, and the effect of <a href="/wiki/Irony" title="Irony">opposite expectations</a>, but there are many recognized genres of comedy. <a href="/wiki/Satire" title="Satire">Satire</a> and <a href="/wiki/Political_satire" title="Political satire">political satire</a> use ironic comedy used to portray persons or social institutions as ridiculous or corrupt, thus alienating their audience from the object of humor.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Parody" title="Parody">Parody</a> borrows the form of some popular genre, <a href="/wiki/Work_of_art" title="Work of art">artwork</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Written_language" title="Written language">text</a> but uses certain <a href="/wiki/Irony" title="Irony">ironic</a> changes to critique that form from within (though not necessarily in a condemning way). <a href="/wiki/Screwball_comedy" title="Screwball comedy">Screwball comedy</a> derives its humor largely from bizarre, surprising (and improbable) situations or characters. <a href="/wiki/Black_comedy" title="Black comedy">Black comedy</a> is defined by dark humor that makes light of so-called dark or <a href="/wiki/Evil" title="Evil">evil</a> elements in human nature. Similarly <a href="/wiki/Toilet_humor" class="mw-redirect" title="Toilet humor">scatological humor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sexual_humor" class="mw-redirect" title="Sexual humor">sexual humor</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Race_humor" class="mw-redirect" title="Race humor">race humor</a> create comedy by violating <a href="/wiki/Convention_(norm)" title="Convention (norm)">social conventions</a> or <a href="/wiki/Taboo" title="Taboo">taboos</a> in comedic ways. </p><p>A <a href="/wiki/Comedy_of_manners" title="Comedy of manners">comedy of manners</a> typically takes as its subject a particular part of society (usually upper class society) and uses humor to parody or satirize the behavior and mannerisms of its members. <a href="/wiki/Romantic_comedy" title="Romantic comedy">Romantic comedy</a> is a popular genre that depicts burgeoning romance in humorous terms, and focuses on the foibles of those who are falling in love. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Comedy_(drama)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The word "comedy" is derived from the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greek language">Classical Greek</a> <i><b>κωμῳδία</b></i>, which is a compound either of <i><a href="/wiki/Komos" title="Komos">κῶμος</a></i> (revel) or <i>κώμη</i> (village) and <i>ᾠδή</i> (singing): it is possible that <i>κῶμος</i> itself is derived from <i>κώμη</i>, and originally meant a village revel. The adjective "comic" (Greek κωμικός), which strictly means that which relates to comedy is, in modern usage, generally confined to the sense of "laughter-provoking".<sup id="cite_ref-Francis_MacDonald_Cornford_1934_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Francis_MacDonald_Cornford_1934-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The word came into modern usage through the Latin <i>comoedia </i>and Italian <i>commedia</i> and has, over time, passed through various shades of meaning.<sup id="cite_ref-OED_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OED-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Comedy_(drama)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Heath_Cobblers_(1876)_by_Albert_Edelfelt.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Heath_Cobblers_%281876%29_by_Albert_Edelfelt.jpg/220px-Heath_Cobblers_%281876%29_by_Albert_Edelfelt.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Heath_Cobblers_%281876%29_by_Albert_Edelfelt.jpg/330px-Heath_Cobblers_%281876%29_by_Albert_Edelfelt.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Heath_Cobblers_%281876%29_by_Albert_Edelfelt.jpg/440px-Heath_Cobblers_%281876%29_by_Albert_Edelfelt.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="905" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Albert_Edelfelt" title="Albert Edelfelt">Albert Edelfelt</a>'s drawing from the Finnish comedy play <i><a href="/wiki/Heath_Cobblers" title="Heath Cobblers">Heath Cobblers</a></i> premiered in 1876.</figcaption></figure> <p>In ancient <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a>, comedy seems to have originated in songs or recitations apropos of fertility festivals or gatherings, or also in making fun at other people or stereotypes. In the <i><a href="/wiki/Poetics_(Aristotle)" title="Poetics (Aristotle)">Poetics</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle">Aristotle</a> states that <a href="/wiki/Comedy" title="Comedy">comedy</a> originated in phallic rituals and festivals of mirth. It is basically an imitation of "the ridiculous, which is a species of the ugly". However, <a href="/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle">Aristotle</a> taught that comedy is a good thing. It brings forth happiness, which for <a href="/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle">Aristotle</a> is the ideal state, the final goal in any activity. He does believe that we humans feel pleasure oftentimes by doing the wrong thing, but he does not necessarily believe that comedy and humor is the wrong thing. It is also not true for <a href="/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle">Aristotle</a> that a comedy must involve sexual humor to qualify as a comedy. A comedy is about the fortunate arise of a sympathetic character. A happy ending is all that is required in his opinion. </p><p>In contrast, <a href="/wiki/Plato" title="Plato">Plato</a> taught that <a href="/wiki/Comedy" title="Comedy">comedy</a> is a destruction to the self. He believed it produces an emotion that overrides rational self-control and learning. In <a href="/wiki/The_Republic_(Plato)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Republic (Plato)">The Republic</a>, Plato says that the guardians of the state should avoid laughter, "for ordinarily when one abandons himself to violent laughter, his condition provokes a violent reaction." Plato says comedy should be tightly controlled if one wants to achieve the ideal state. </p><p>Literary critic <a href="/wiki/Northrop_Frye" title="Northrop Frye">Northrop Frye</a> described the comic <a href="/wiki/Genre" title="Genre">genre</a> as a drama that pits two societies against each other in an amusing <a href="/wiki/Agon" title="Agon">agon</a> or conflict. In <i><a href="/wiki/The_Anatomy_of_Criticism" title="The Anatomy of Criticism">The Anatomy of Criticism</a></i> (1957) he depicted these two opposing sides as a "Society of Youth" and a "Society of the Old", but this <a href="/wiki/Dichotomy" title="Dichotomy">dichotomy</a> is seldom described as an entirely satisfactory explanation. A later view<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag needs further explanation. (July 2022)">further explanation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> characterizes the essential agon of comedy as a struggle between a powerless youth and the societal conventions that pose obstacles to its hopes; in this sense, the youth is understood to be constrained by its lack of social authority, and is left with little choice but to take recourse to ruses that engender dramatic consequences. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Types_of_comic_drama">Types of comic drama</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Comedy_(drama)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Types of comic drama"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/History_of_theatre" title="History of theatre">History of theatre</a></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_comedy" title="Ancient Greek comedy">Ancient Greek comedy</a>, as practiced by <a href="/wiki/Aristophanes" title="Aristophanes">Aristophanes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Menander" title="Menander">Menander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Roman_comedy" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Roman comedy">Ancient Roman comedy</a>, as practiced by <a href="/wiki/Plautus" title="Plautus">Plautus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Terence" title="Terence">Terence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C4%81sya" title="Hāsya">Ancient Indian comedy</a>, as practiced in <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit_drama" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanskrit drama">Sanskrit drama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burlesque" title="Burlesque">Burlesque</a>, from <a href="/wiki/Music_hall" title="Music hall">Music hall</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vaudeville" title="Vaudeville">Vaudeville</a> to <a href="/wiki/Performance_art" title="Performance art">Performance art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_comedy" title="City comedy">Citizen comedy</a>, as practiced by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Dekker_(poet)" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Dekker (poet)">Thomas Dekker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Middleton" title="Thomas Middleton">Thomas Middleton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ben_Jonson" title="Ben Jonson">Ben Jonson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clown" title="Clown">Clowns</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Richard_Tarlton" title="Richard Tarlton">Richard Tarlton</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Kempe" title="William Kempe">William Kempe</a> and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Armin" title="Robert Armin">Robert Armin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_of_humours" title="Comedy of humours">Comedy of humours</a>, as practiced by <a href="/wiki/Ben_Jonson" title="Ben Jonson">Ben Jonson</a> and <a href="/wiki/George_Chapman" title="George Chapman">George Chapman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_of_intrigue" title="Comedy of intrigue">Comedy of intrigue</a>, as practiced by <a href="/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli">Niccolò Machiavelli</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Prince_Manuel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prince Manuel (page does not exist)">Prince Manuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_of_manners" title="Comedy of manners">Comedy of manners</a>, as practiced by <a href="/wiki/Moli%C3%A8re" title="Molière">Molière</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Wycherley" title="William Wycherley">William Wycherley</a> and <a href="/wiki/William_Congreve" title="William Congreve">William Congreve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_of_menace" title="Comedy of menace">Comedy of menace</a>, as practiced by <a href="/wiki/David_Campton" title="David Campton">David Campton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harold_Pinter" title="Harold Pinter">Harold Pinter</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Com%C3%A9die_larmoyante" title="Comédie larmoyante">comédie larmoyante</a></i> or 'tearful comedy', as practiced by <a href="/wiki/Pierre-Claude_Nivelle_de_La_Chauss%C3%A9e" title="Pierre-Claude Nivelle de La Chaussée">Pierre-Claude Nivelle de La Chaussée</a> and <a href="/wiki/Louis-S%C3%A9bastien_Mercier" title="Louis-Sébastien Mercier">Louis-Sébastien Mercier</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Commedia_dell%27arte" title="Commedia dell'arte">Commedia dell'arte</a></i>, as practiced in the twentieth century by <a href="/wiki/Dario_Fo" title="Dario Fo">Dario Fo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vsevolod_Meyerhold" title="Vsevolod Meyerhold">Vsevolod Meyerhold</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Copeau" title="Jacques Copeau">Jacques Copeau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farce" title="Farce">Farce</a>, from <a href="/wiki/Georges_Feydeau" title="Georges Feydeau">Georges Feydeau</a> to <a href="/wiki/Joe_Orton" title="Joe Orton">Joe Orton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alan_Ayckbourn" title="Alan Ayckbourn">Alan Ayckbourn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jester" title="Jester">Jester</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laughing_comedy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laughing comedy (page does not exist)">Laughing comedy</a>, as practiced by <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Goldsmith" title="Oliver Goldsmith">Oliver Goldsmith</a> and <a href="/wiki/Richard_Brinsley_Sheridan" title="Richard Brinsley Sheridan">Richard Brinsley Sheridan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Restoration_comedy" title="Restoration comedy">Restoration comedy</a>, as practiced by <a href="/wiki/George_Etherege" title="George Etherege">George Etherege</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aphra_Behn" title="Aphra Behn">Aphra Behn</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Vanbrugh" title="John Vanbrugh">John Vanbrugh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sentimental_comedy" title="Sentimental comedy">Sentimental comedy</a>, as practiced by <a href="/wiki/Colley_Cibber" title="Colley Cibber">Colley Cibber</a> and <a href="/wiki/Richard_Steele" title="Richard Steele">Richard Steele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespearean_comedy" title="Shakespearean comedy">Shakespearean comedy</a>, as practiced by <a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare">William Shakespeare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dada" title="Dada">Dadaist</a> and <a href="/wiki/Surrealism" title="Surrealism">Surrealist</a> performance, usually in <a href="/wiki/Cabaret" title="Cabaret">cabaret</a> form</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_of_the_Absurd" class="mw-redirect" title="Theatre of the Absurd">Theatre of the Absurd</a>, used by some to describe <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Beckett" title="Samuel Beckett">Samuel Beckett</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harold_Pinter" title="Harold Pinter">Harold Pinter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jean_Genet" title="Jean Genet">Jean Genet</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Ionesco" title="Eugène Ionesco">Eugène Ionesco</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Comedy_(drama)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Comedy_(drama)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-OED-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-OED_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-OED_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Oxford English Dictionary</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Francis_MacDonald_Cornford_1934-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Francis_MacDonald_Cornford_1934_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Francis MacDonald Cornford, The Origin of Attic Comedy, 1934.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">This list was compiled with reference to <i>The Cambridge Guide to Theatre</i> (1998).</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Comedy_(drama)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Aristotle, Poetics.</li> <li>Buckham, Philip Wentworth, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IjAZAAAAYAAJ&q=The+Theatre+of+the+Greeks"><i>Theatre of the Greeks</i></a>, 1827.</li> <li>Marteinson, Peter (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/french/as-sa/editors/origins.html">On the Problem of the Comic: A Philosophical Study on the Origins of Laughter</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080321015313/http://www.chass.utoronto.ca/french/as-sa/editors/origins.html">Archived</a> 2008-03-21 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Legas Press, Ottawa, 2006.</li> <li>Pickard-Cambridge, Sir Arthur Wallace <ul><li><i>Dithyramb, Tragedy, and Comedy </i>, 1927.</li> <li><i>The Theatre of Dionysus in Athens</i>, 1946.</li> <li><i>The Dramatic Festivals of Athens</i>, 1953.</li></ul></li> <li>Raskin, Victor, The Semantic Mechanisms of Humor, 1985.</li> <li>Riu, Xavier, <i>Dionysism and Comedy</i>, 1999. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://ccat.sas.upenn.edu/bmcr/2000/2000-06-13.html">[1]</a></li> <li>Sourvinou-Inwood, Christiane, <i>Tragedy and Athenian Religion</i>, Oxford University Press, 2003.</li> <li>Wiles, David, <i>The Masked Menander: Sign and Meaning in Greek and Roman Performance</i>, 1991.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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href="/wiki/Impressionist_(entertainment)" title="Impressionist (entertainment)">Impressionist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irony" title="Irony">Irony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joke" title="Joke">Joke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Off-color_humor" title="Off-color humor">Off-color humor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ribaldry" title="Ribaldry">Ribaldry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sophomoric_humor" title="Sophomoric humor">Sophomoric humor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toilet_humour" title="Toilet humour">Toilet humour</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prank_call" title="Prank call">Prank call</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punch_line" title="Punch line">Punch line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satire" title="Satire">Satire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visual_gag" title="Visual gag">Visual gag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wit" title="Wit">Wit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Word_play" title="Word play">Word play</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Comedy_film" title="Comedy film">Film</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px">Country</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_comedy_films" title="American comedy films">American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_comedy_films" title="British comedy films">British</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_comedy_films" title="French comedy films">French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commedia_all%27italiana" title="Commedia all'italiana">Italian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px">Genre</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Action_comedy" title="Action comedy">Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy_comedy" title="Fantasy comedy">Fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_horror" title="Comedy horror">Horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mockumentary" title="Mockumentary">Mockumentary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parody_film" title="Parody film">Parody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_of_remarriage" title="Comedy of remarriage">Remarriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romantic_comedy" title="Romantic comedy">Romance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_comedy" title="Science fiction comedy">Science fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screwball_comedy" title="Screwball comedy">Screwball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_comedy" title="Sex comedy">Sex</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commedia_sexy_all%27italiana" title="Commedia sexy all'italiana">Italian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_sex_comedy" title="Mexican sex comedy">Mexican</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silent_comedy" title="Silent comedy">Silent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slapstick_film" title="Slapstick film">Slapstick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoner_film" title="Stoner film">Stoner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_thriller" title="Comedy thriller">Thriller</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Theatre</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px">Country</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_comedy" title="Ancient Greek comedy">Ancient Greek comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Com%C3%A9die-Fran%C3%A7aise" title="Comédie-Française">Comédie-Française</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Com%C3%A9die-Italienne" title="Comédie-Italienne">Comédie-Italienne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corral_de_comedias" title="Corral de comedias">Corral de comedias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_of_ancient_Rome" title="Theatre of ancient Rome">Theatre of ancient Rome</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_comedy" title="Chinese comedy">China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Xiangsheng" title="Xiangsheng">Xiangsheng</a></li></ul></li> <li>Hong Kong <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mo_lei_tau" title="Mo lei tau">Mo lei tau</a></li></ul></li> <li>Indonesia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lenong" title="Lenong">Lenong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludruk" title="Ludruk">Ludruk</a></li></ul></li> <li>Japan <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ky%C5%8Dgen" title="Kyōgen">Kyōgen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manzai" title="Manzai">Manzai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owarai" title="Owarai">Owarai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rakugo" title="Rakugo">Rakugo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarugaku" title="Sarugaku">Sarugaku</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_comedy" title="Korean comedy">Korea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px">Genre</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boulevard_theatre_(aesthetic)" title="Boulevard theatre (aesthetic)">Boulevard theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_drama" title="Comedy drama">Comedy drama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_of_humours" title="Comedy of humours">Comedy of humours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_of_manners" title="Comedy of manners">Comedy of manners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_of_menace" title="Comedy of menace">Comedy of menace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commedia_dell%27arte" title="Commedia dell'arte">Commedia dell'arte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_act" title="Double act">Double act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Improvisational_theatre" title="Improvisational theatre">Improvisational</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macchietta" title="Macchietta">Macchietta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One-person_show" class="mw-redirect" title="One-person show">One-person show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pantomime" title="Pantomime">Pantomime</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harlequinade" title="Harlequinade">Harlequinade</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Restoration_comedy" title="Restoration comedy">Restoration comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sentimental_comedy" title="Sentimental comedy">Sentimental comedy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Com%C3%A9die_larmoyante" title="Comédie larmoyante">Comédie larmoyante</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shadow_play" title="Shadow play">Shadow play</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakespearean_comedy" title="Shakespearean comedy">Shakespearean comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sketch_comedy" title="Sketch comedy">Sketch comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spex_(theatre)" title="Spex (theatre)">Spex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stand-up_comedy" title="Stand-up comedy">Stand-up comedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_theatre" title="Street theatre">Street theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_of_the_absurd" title="Theatre of the absurd">Theatre of the absurd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tragicomedy" title="Tragicomedy">Tragicomedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaudeville" title="Vaudeville">Vaudeville</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:70px">Music<br />and dance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ballad_opera" title="Ballad opera">Ballad opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabaret" title="Cabaret">Cabaret</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caf%C3%A9-chantant" title="Café-chantant">Café-chantant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caf%C3%A9-th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre" title="Café-théâtre">Café-théâtre</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Com%C3%A9die-ballet" title="Comédie-ballet">Comédie-ballet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_club" title="Comedy club">Comedy club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Light_music" title="Light music">Light music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_hall" title="Music hall">Music hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musical_theatre" title="Musical theatre">Musical theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Op%C3%A9ra_bouffe" title="Opéra bouffe">Opéra bouffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Op%C3%A9ra_bouffon" title="Opéra bouffon">Opéra bouffon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opera_buffa" title="Opera buffa">Opera buffa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Op%C3%A9ra_comique" title="Opéra comique">Opéra comique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operetta" title="Operetta">Operetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revue" title="Revue">Revue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_music" title="Comedy music">Music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_album" title="Comedy album">Album</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_rock" title="Comedy rock">Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comedy_hip_hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Comedy hip hop">Hip hop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parody_music" title="Parody music">Parody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novelty_song" title="Novelty song">Novelty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_musical_comedians" title="List of musical comedians">Musical comedians</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comic_novel" title="Comic novel">Novel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_comedy" title="Radio comedy">Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_comedy" title="Television comedy">Television</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mockumentary" title="Mockumentary">Mockumentary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roast_(comedy)" title="Roast (comedy)">Roast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sitcom" title="Sitcom">Sitcom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Animated_sitcom" title="Animated sitcom">Animated sitcom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_sitcom" title="Black sitcom">Black sitcom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teen_sitcom" title="Teen sitcom">Teen sitcom</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Comedic_genres" title="Comedic genres">Subgenres</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_comedy" title="Alternative comedy">Alternative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_comedy" title="Black comedy">Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ribaldry" title="Ribaldry">Blue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Character_comedy" title="Character comedy">Character</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_comedy" title="Christian comedy">Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clown" title="Clown">Clown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cringe_comedy" title="Cringe comedy">Cringe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deadpan" title="Deadpan">Deadpan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Documentary_comedy" title="Documentary comedy">Documentary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_comedy" title="High comedy">High</a> / <a href="/wiki/Low_comedy" title="Low comedy">low</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insult_comedy" title="Insult comedy">Insult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Observational_comedy" title="Observational comedy">Observational</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Physical_comedy" title="Physical comedy">Physical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prop_comedy" title="Prop comedy">Prop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-referential_humor" title="Self-referential humor">Self-referential</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shock_humour" title="Shock humour">Shock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sick_comedy" title="Sick comedy">Sick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slapstick" title="Slapstick">Slapstick</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_slapstick_comedy_topics" title="List of slapstick comedy topics">Topics</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surreal_humour" title="Surreal humour">Surreal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ventriloquism" title="Ventriloquism">Ventriloquism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zombie_comedy" title="Zombie comedy">Zombie</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Comedy" title="Category:Comedy">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Comedy" title="Portal:Comedy">Portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link 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plays"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1921567/">FAST</a></span></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Comedy"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/869083/">2</a></span></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85028845">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11931748n">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11931748n">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span 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