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Plastisitas (fisika) - Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas

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meskipun, hal itu tidak diwajibkan" class=""><span>Buat akun baru</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Masuk_log&amp;returnto=Plastisitas+%28fisika%29" title="Anda disarankan untuk masuk log, meskipun hal itu tidak diwajibkan. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Masuk log</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Opsi lainnya" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Perkakas pribadi" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Perkakas pribadi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menu pengguna" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_id.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=id"><span>Menyumbang</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buat_akun&amp;returnto=Plastisitas+%28fisika%29" title="Anda dianjurkan untuk membuat akun dan masuk log; meskipun, hal itu tidak diwajibkan"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Buat akun baru</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Masuk_log&amp;returnto=Plastisitas+%28fisika%29" title="Anda disarankan untuk masuk log, meskipun hal itu tidak diwajibkan. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Masuk log</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Halaman penyunting yang telah keluar log <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengantar" aria-label="Pelajari lebih lanjut tentang menyunting"><span>pelajari lebih lanjut</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Kontribusi_saya" title="Daftar suntingan yang dibuat dari alamat IP ini [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Kontribusi</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pembicaraan_saya" title="Pembicaraan tentang suntingan dari alamat IP ini [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Daftar isi" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Daftar isi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Referensi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referensi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Referensi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referensi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gulingkan daftar isi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Plastisitas (fisika)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 48 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-48" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">48 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A9" title="لدونة – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لدونة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastiklik_(fizika)" title="Plastiklik (fizika) – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Plastiklik (fizika)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Пластычная дэфармацыя – Belarusia" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Пластычная дэфармацыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Плястычная дэфармацыя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Плястычная дэфармацыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Пластична деформация – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Пластична деформация" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE_(%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A5)" title="অস্থিতিস্থাপকতা (নমনীয় পদার্থ) – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অস্থিতিস্থাপকতা (নমনীয় পদার্থ)" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasticitat" title="Plasticitat – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Plasticitat" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%B3%D1%81%C4%95%D0%BC%D0%BB%C4%95%D1%85_(%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Тӳсĕмлĕх (физика) – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Тӳсĕмлĕх (физика)" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastizit%C3%A4t_(Physik)" title="Plastizität (Physik) – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Plastizität (Physik)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasticity_(physics)" title="Plasticity (physics) – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Plasticity (physics)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasta_aliformi%C4%9Do" title="Plasta aliformiĝo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Plasta aliformiĝo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasticidad_(mec%C3%A1nica_de_s%C3%B3lidos)" title="Plasticidad (mecánica de sólidos) – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Plasticidad (mecánica de sólidos)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastsus" title="Plastsus – Esti" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Plastsus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Esti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastikotasun" title="Plastikotasun – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Plastikotasun" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="مومسانی – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مومسانی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastisuus" title="Plastisuus – Suomi" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Plastisuus" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Suomi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9formation_plastique" title="Déformation plastique – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Déformation plastique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%ADchumadh_plaisteach" title="Díchumadh plaisteach – Irlandia" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Díchumadh plaisteach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%9C%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA" title="פלסטיות – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פלסטיות" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%98%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="सुघट्यता – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सुघट्यता" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasti%C4%8Dnost" title="Plastičnost – Kroasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Plastičnost" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A9pl%C3%A9kenys%C3%A9gtan" title="Képlékenységtan – Hungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Képlékenységtan" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6_(%D5%B4%D5%A5%D5%AD%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%A1)" title="Պլաստիկություն (մեխանիկա) – Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պլաստիկություն (մեխանիկա)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasticit%C3%A0_(fisica)" title="Plasticità (fisica) – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Plasticità (fisica)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A1%91%E6%80%A7" title="塑性 – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="塑性" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%90" title="პლასტიკურობა – Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პლასტიკურობა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA_(%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Илемділік (физика) – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Илемділік (физика)" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%86%8C%EC%84%B1_(%EB%AC%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99)" title="소성 (물리학) – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="소성 (물리학)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasticitas" title="Plasticitas – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Plasticitas" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%83" title="आलुपहः – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="आलुपहः" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasticiteit_(materiaalkunde)" title="Plasticiteit (materiaalkunde) – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Plasticiteit (materiaalkunde)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastisitet" title="Plastisitet – Bokmål Norwegia" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Plastisitet" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmål Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A2%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%95_(%E0%A8%AD%E0%A9%8C%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%95_%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%A8)" title="ਢਿਲਕ (ਭੌਤਿਕ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ) – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਢਿਲਕ (ਭੌਤਿਕ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ)" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastyczno%C5%9B%C4%87" title="Plastyczność – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Plastyczność" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasticidade" title="Plasticidade – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Plasticidade" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C_(%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Пластичность (физика) – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Пластичность (физика)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasti%C4%8Dnost" title="Plastičnost – Serbo-Kroasia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Plastičnost" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasticity_(physics)" title="Plasticity (physics) – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Plasticity (physics)" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastick%C3%A1_deform%C3%A1cia" title="Plastická deformácia – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Plastická deformácia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasti%C4%8Dnost_(fizika)" title="Plastičnost (fizika) – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Plastičnost (fizika)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasticitet_(fysik)" title="Plasticitet (fysik) – Swedia" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Plasticitet (fysik)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%88" title="நெகிழ்வு தன்மை – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நெகிழ்வு தன்மை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%83" title="Пластичність матеріалу – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Пластичність матеріалу" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA_(%D8%B7%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B9%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA)" title="لدونت (طبیعیات) – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="لدونت (طبیعیات)" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastiklik" title="Plastiklik – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Plastiklik" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bi%E1%BA%BFn_d%E1%BA%A1ng_d%E1%BA%BBo" title="Biến dạng dẻo – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Biến dạng dẻo" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A1%91%E6%80%A7%E8%AE%8A%E5%BD%A2" title="塑性變形 – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="塑性變形" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubucwazi" title="Ubucwazi – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Ubucwazi" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q472074#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pranala interwiki" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pranala</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Plastisitas_(fisika)" title="Lihat halaman isi [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Halaman</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembicaraan:Plastisitas_(fisika)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Pembicaraan halaman isi (halaman belum tersedia) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ubah varian bahasa" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Bahasa Indonesia</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Plastisitas_(fisika)"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plastisitas_(fisika)&amp;veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plastisitas_(fisika)&amp;action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plastisitas_(fisika)&amp;action=history" title="Revisi sebelumnya dari halaman ini. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Perkakas" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Perkakas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Perkakas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Opsi lainnya" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tindakan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Plastisitas_(fisika)"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plastisitas_(fisika)&amp;veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plastisitas_(fisika)&amp;action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plastisitas_(fisika)&amp;action=history"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Umum </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pranala_balik/Plastisitas_(fisika)" title="Daftar semua halaman wiki yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pranala balik</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Perubahan_terkait/Plastisitas_(fisika)" rel="nofollow" title="Perubahan terbaru halaman-halaman yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Perubahan terkait</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_istimewa" title="Daftar semua halaman istimewa [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Halaman istimewa</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plastisitas_(fisika)&amp;oldid=25416019" title="Pranala permanen untuk revisi halaman ini"><span>Pranala permanen</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plastisitas_(fisika)&amp;action=info" title="Informasi lanjut tentang halaman ini"><span>Informasi halaman</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Kutip&amp;page=Plastisitas_%28fisika%29&amp;id=25416019&amp;wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informasi tentang bagaimana mengutip halaman ini"><span>Kutip halaman ini</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:UrlShortener&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPlastisitas_%28fisika%29"><span>Lihat URL pendek</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:QrCode&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPlastisitas_%28fisika%29"><span>Unduh kode QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cetak/ekspor </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buku&amp;bookcmd=book_creator&amp;referer=Plastisitas+%28fisika%29"><span>Buat buku</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:DownloadAsPdf&amp;page=Plastisitas_%28fisika%29&amp;action=show-download-screen"><span>Unduh versi PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plastisitas_(fisika)&amp;printable=yes" title="Versi cetak halaman ini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versi cetak</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dalam proyek lain </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Plastic_deformation" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q472074" title="Pranala untuk menghubungkan butir pada ruang penyimpanan data [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Butir di Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tampilan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="id" dir="ltr"><p>Pada <a href="/wiki/Fisika" title="Fisika">fisika</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Teknik_material" title="Teknik material">teknik material</a>, <b>plastisitas</b> (juga dikenal sebagai <b>deformasi plastik</b>) adalah kemampuan sebuah <a href="/wiki/Materi" title="Materi">materi</a> <a href="/wiki/Padat" title="Padat">padat</a> untuk melalui proses <a href="/wiki/Deformasi_(teknik)" title="Deformasi (teknik)">deformasi</a> permanen, yaitu sebuah perubahan bentuk secara permanen sebagai tanggapan dari gaya yang diterima.<sup id="cite_ref-Lubliner_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lubliner-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Sebagai contoh, sebuah batangan logam yang dibengkokkan atau dibentuk menjadi sebuah bentuk baru adalah contoh plastisitas, karena terjadi perubahan permanen pada material itu sendiri. </p><p>Deformasi plastik dapat diamati pada kebanyakan material, terkhususnya <a href="/wiki/Logam" title="Logam">logam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tanah" title="Tanah">tanah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Batuan" class="mw-redirect" title="Batuan">batuan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Busa" title="Busa">busa</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Beton" title="Beton">beton</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Jirasek_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jirasek-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Chen_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chen-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Yu_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yu-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Chen1_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chen1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Namun, mekanisme yang menyebabkan deformasi tersebut dapat berbeda-beda. Pada skala <a href="/wiki/Kristal" title="Kristal">kristalin</a>, plastisitas logam biasanya disebabkan oleh <a href="/wiki/Dislokasi" title="Dislokasi">dislokasi</a>. Kecacatan tersebut biasanya jarang ditemukan pada kebanyakan material kristalin, namun banyak di sebagian struktur kristalnya; dalam beberapa kasus, hal ini dapat menghasilkan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kristalinitas_plastik&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kristalinitas plastik (halaman belum tersedia)">kristalinitas plastik</a>. Pada material <a href="/wiki/Rapuh" title="Rapuh">rapuh</a> seperti batu, beton dan tulang, biasanya plastisitas disebabkan oleh <a href="/w/index.php?title=Slip&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Slip (halaman belum tersedia)">slip</a> pada <a href="/wiki/Fraktur_(mekanika)" title="Fraktur (mekanika)">retakan mikro</a>. Pada zat seluler seperti busa cair dan <a href="/wiki/Jaringan" title="Jaringan">jaringan biologis</a>, hal ini biasanya disebabkan oleh gelembung atau penyusunan ulang sel, terkhususnya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Proses_T1&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Proses T1 (halaman belum tersedia)">proses T1</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referensi">Referensi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plastisitas_(fisika)&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Sunting bagian: Referensi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plastisitas_(fisika)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Referensi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Lubliner-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Lubliner_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Lubliner, Jacob (2008). <i>Plasticity theory</i>. Dover. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-486-46290-5" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-486-46290-5">978-0-486-46290-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Plasticity+theory&amp;rft.pub=Dover&amp;rft.date=2008&amp;rft.isbn=978-0-486-46290-5&amp;rft.aulast=Lubliner&amp;rft.aufirst=Jacob&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3APlastisitas+%28fisika%29" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Bigoni, Davide (2012). <i>Nonlinear Solid Mechanics: Bifurcation Theory and Material Instability</i>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-1-107-02541-7" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-1-107-02541-7">978-1-107-02541-7</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Nonlinear+Solid+Mechanics%3A+Bifurcation+Theory+and+Material+Instability&amp;rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&amp;rft.date=2012&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-107-02541-7&amp;rft.aulast=Bigoni&amp;rft.aufirst=Davide&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3APlastisitas+%28fisika%29" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jirasek-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jirasek_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Jirásek, Milan; <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zden%C4%9Bk_P._Ba%C5%BEant&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Zdeněk P. Bažant (halaman belum tersedia)">Bažant, Zdeněk P.</a> (2002). <i>Inelastic analysis of structures</i>. John Wiley and Sons. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-471-98716-6" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-471-98716-6">0-471-98716-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Inelastic+analysis+of+structures&amp;rft.pub=John+Wiley+and+Sons&amp;rft.date=2002&amp;rft.isbn=0-471-98716-6&amp;rft.aulast=Jir%C3%A1sek&amp;rft.aufirst=Milan&amp;rft.au=Ba%C5%BEant%2C+Zden%C4%9Bk+P.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3APlastisitas+%28fisika%29" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chen-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Chen_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Chen, Wai-Fah (2008). <i>Limit Analysis and Soil Plasticity</i>. J. Ross Publishing. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-1-932159-73-8" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-1-932159-73-8">978-1-932159-73-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Limit+Analysis+and+Soil+Plasticity&amp;rft.pub=J.+Ross+Publishing&amp;rft.date=2008&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-932159-73-8&amp;rft.aulast=Chen&amp;rft.aufirst=Wai-Fah&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3APlastisitas+%28fisika%29" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Yu-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Yu_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yu_Mao-Hong&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yu Mao-Hong (halaman belum tersedia)">Yu, Mao-Hong</a>; Ma, Guo-Wei; Qiang, Hong-Fu; Zhang, Yong-Qiang (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/generalizedplast0000unse"><i>Generalized Plasticity</i></a>. Springer. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/3-540-25127-8" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/3-540-25127-8">3-540-25127-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Generalized+Plasticity&amp;rft.pub=Springer&amp;rft.date=2006&amp;rft.isbn=3-540-25127-8&amp;rft.aulast=Yu&amp;rft.aufirst=Mao-Hong&amp;rft.au=Ma%2C+Guo-Wei&amp;rft.au=Qiang%2C+Hong-Fu&amp;rft.au=Zhang%2C+Yong-Qiang&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgeneralizedplast0000unse&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3APlastisitas+%28fisika%29" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chen1-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Chen1_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Chen, Wai-Fah (2007). <i>Plasticity in Reinforced Concrete</i>. J. Ross Publishing. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-1-932159-74-5" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-1-932159-74-5">978-1-932159-74-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Plasticity+in+Reinforced+Concrete&amp;rft.pub=J.+Ross+Publishing&amp;rft.date=2007&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-932159-74-5&amp;rft.aulast=Chen&amp;rft.aufirst=Wai-Fah&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3APlastisitas+%28fisika%29" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> </ol> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐5dc468848‐2gnwm Cached time: 20241124045930 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.064 seconds Real time usage: 0.085 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 240/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 7812/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 4/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 6294/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.031/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 2155091/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 63.137 1 -total 99.31% 62.702 6 Templat:Cite_book --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key idwiki:pcache:idhash:4241760-0!canonical and timestamp 20241124045930 and revision id 25416019. 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