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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Purpose</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Purpose-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Themes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Themes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Themes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Themes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Later_influence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Later_influence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Later influence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Later_influence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Surviving_early_manuscripts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Surviving_early_manuscripts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Surviving early manuscripts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Surviving_early_manuscripts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Book of Zephaniah</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 68 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-68" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">68 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sefanja" title="Sefanja – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Sefanja" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%81%D8%B1_%D8%B5%D9%81%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="سفر صفنيا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سفر صفنيا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A3%DC%A6%DC%AA%DC%90_%DC%95%DC%A8%DC%A6%DC%A2%DC%9D%DC%90" title="ܣܦܪܐ ܕܨܦܢܝܐ – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܣܦܪܐ ܕܨܦܢܝܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Кніга прарока Сафонія – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Кніга прарока Сафонія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Книга на пророк Софония – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Книга на пророк Софония" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zefanja_(Buach)" title="Zefanja (Buach) – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Zefanja (Buach)" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levr_Sefania" title="Levr Sefania – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Levr Sefania" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llibre_de_Sofonies" title="Llibre de Sofonies – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Llibre de Sofonies" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basahon_ni_Sofon%C3%ADas" title="Basahon ni Sofonías – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Basahon ni Sofonías" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kniha_Sofonj%C3%A1%C5%A1" title="Kniha Sofonjáš – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kniha Sofonjáš" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%27wadhi_ra_Zefania" title="N'wadhi ra Zefania – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="N'wadhi ra Zefania" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buch_Zefanja" title="Buch Zefanja – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Buch Zefanja" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libro_de_Sofon%C3%ADas" title="Libro de Sofonías – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Libro de Sofonías" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libro_de_Cefanja" title="Libro de Cefanja – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Libro de Cefanja" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sofoniasen_Liburua" title="Sofoniasen Liburua – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Sofoniasen Liburua" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B5%D9%81%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="کتاب صفنیا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کتاب صفنیا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livre_de_Sophonie" title="Livre de Sophonie – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Livre de Sophonie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sefanja_(bibelboek)" title="Sefanja (bibelboek) – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Sefanja (bibelboek)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leabhar_Zafaini%C3%A1" title="Leabhar Zafainiá – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Leabhar Zafainiá" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sephaniah" title="Sephaniah – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Sephaniah" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%95" title="जेफानिया आचें पुसतक – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="जेफानिया आचें पुसतक" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8A%A4%EB%B0%94%EB%8B%88%EC%95%BC%EC%84%9C" title="스바니야서 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="스바니야서" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sefanija_(knjiga)" title="Sefanija (knjiga) – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Sefanija (knjiga)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kitab_Zefanya" title="Kitab Zefanya – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kitab Zefanya" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zefaniya" title="Zefaniya – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Zefaniya" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libro_di_Sofonia" title="Libro di Sofonia – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Libro di Sofonia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A6%D7%A4%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%94" title="צפניה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="צפניה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zefanya" title="Zefanya – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Zefanya" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AC%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%AC%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A7%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%90_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="წინაწარმეტყველება სოფონიასი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="წინაწარმეტყველება სოფონიასი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kitabu_cha_Sefania" title="Kitabu cha Sefania – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kitabu cha Sefania" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prophetia_Sophoniae" title="Prophetia Sophoniae – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Prophetia Sophoniae" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sofonijo_knyga" title="Sofonijo knyga – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Sofonijo knyga" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szofoni%C3%A1s_k%C3%B6nyve" title="Szofoniás könyve – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szofoniás könyve" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bokin%27_i_Zefania" title="Bokin' i Zefania – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Bokin' i Zefania" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%86_%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82" title="സെഫാനിയായുടെ പുസ്തകം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സെഫാനിയായുടെ പുസ്തകം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%81%D8%B1_%D8%B5%D9%81%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="سفر صفنيا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سفر صفنيا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kitab_Zefanya" title="Kitab Zefanya – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kitab Zefanya" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C4%83%CC%A4-hu%C4%83ng-ng%C4%81_C%E1%B9%B3%CC%86" title="Să̤-huăng-ngā Cṳ̆ – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Să̤-huăng-ngā Cṳ̆" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%87%E1%80%B1%E1%80%96%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%A1%E1%80%94%E1%80%AC%E1%80%82%E1%80%90%E1%80%B9%E1%80%90%E1%80%AD%E1%80%80%E1%80%BB%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="ဇေဖနိအနာဂတ္တိကျမ်း – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဇေဖနိအနာဂတ္တိကျမ်း" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sefanja_(boek)" title="Sefanja (boek) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sefanja (boek)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%BC%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%83%8B%E3%83%A4%E6%9B%B8" title="ゼファニヤ書 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ゼファニヤ書" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sefanjas_bok" title="Sefanjas bok – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sefanjas bok" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ksi%C4%99ga_Sofoniasza" title="Księga Sofoniasza – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Księga Sofoniasza" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Livro_de_Sofonias" title="Livro de Sofonias – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Livro de Sofonias" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C8%9Aefania_(carte)" title="Țefania (carte) – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Țefania (carte)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sophoniyaspa_qillqasqan" title="Sophoniyaspa qillqasqan – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Sophoniyaspa qillqasqan" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Книга пророка Софонии – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Книга пророка Софонии" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/O_le_tusi_a_le_Perofeta_o_Sefanaia" title="O le tusi a le Perofeta o Sefanaia – Samoan" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="O le tusi a le Perofeta o Sefanaia" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="Samoan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Book_of_Zephaniah" title="Book of Zephaniah – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Book of Zephaniah" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kniha_proroka_Sofoni%C3%A1%C5%A1a" title="Kniha proroka Sofoniáša – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kniha proroka Sofoniáša" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%9A%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Књига пророка Софонија – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Књига пророка Софонија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sefanija_(knjiga)" title="Sefanija (knjiga) – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Sefanija (knjiga)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sefanjan_kirja" title="Sefanjan kirja – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sefanjan kirja" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sefanjas_bok" title="Sefanjas bok – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sefanjas bok" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aklat_ni_Sofonias" title="Aklat ni Sofonias – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Aklat ni Sofonias" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE_(%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D)" title="செப்பனியா (நூல்) – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="செப்பனியா (நூல்)" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%8C" title="หนังสือเศฟันยาห์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="หนังสือเศฟันยาห์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sefanya_Kitab%C4%B1" title="Sefanya Kitabı – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sefanya Kitabı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%97" title="Книга пророка Софонії – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Книга пророка Софонії" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8_%D8%B5%D9%81%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%81" title="کتاب صفنیاہ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کتاب صفنیاہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sofonian_kirj" title="Sofonian kirj – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Sofonian kirj" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A1ch_X%C3%B4-ph%C3%B4-ni-a" title="Sách Xô-phô-ni-a – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Sách Xô-phô-ni-a" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basah%C3%A1n_ni_Sofon%C3%ADas" title="Basahán ni Sofonías – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Basahán ni Sofonías" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%95%AA%E9%9B%85%E4%B9%A6" title="西番雅书 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="西番雅书" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Cw%C3%A9_S%E1%BA%B9fan%C3%AD%C3%A0h" title="Ìwé Sẹfaníàh – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ìwé Sẹfaníàh" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%95%AA%E9%9B%85%E6%9B%B8" title="西番雅書 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="西番雅書" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%95%AA%E9%9B%85%E6%9B%B8" title="西番雅書 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="西番雅書" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bbc mw-list-item"><a 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks plainlist" style="line-height:1.4em;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-image" style="padding-bottom:0.8em;"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Aleppo_Codex_Joshua_1_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Joshua 1:1 as recorded in the Aleppo Codex"><img alt="Joshua 1:1 as recorded in the Aleppo Codex" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Aleppo_Codex_Joshua_1_1.jpg/220px-Aleppo_Codex_Joshua_1_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Aleppo_Codex_Joshua_1_1.jpg/330px-Aleppo_Codex_Joshua_1_1.jpg 1.5x, 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href="/wiki/Torah" title="Torah"><span style="font-size:120%"><i>Torah</i></span> <span class="nobold">(Instruction)</span></a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table class="infobox" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none;width:11.5em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;line-height:1.2em;white-space:nowrap;"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Genesis" title="Book of Genesis">Genesis</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;font-style:italic;">Bereshit</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Exodus" title="Book of Exodus">Exodus</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;font-style:italic;">Shemot</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Leviticus" title="Book of Leviticus">Leviticus</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;font-style:italic;">Wayiqra</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Numbers" title="Book of Numbers">Numbers</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;font-style:italic;">Bemidbar</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Deuteronomy" title="Book of Deuteronomy">Deuteronomy</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;font-style:italic;">Devarim</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#ddf;padding-top:0.25em;padding-bottom:0.25em;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Nevi%27im" title="Nevi'im"><span style="font-size:120%"><i>Nevi'im</i></span> <span class="nobold">(Prophets)</span></a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#e6e6ff;text-align:center;"> <a href="/wiki/Nevi%27im#Former_Prophets" title="Nevi'im">Former</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <table class="infobox" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none;width:10.0em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;line-height:1.2em;white-space:nowrap;"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Joshua" title="Book of Joshua">Joshua</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;font-style:italic;">Yehoshua</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Judges" title="Book of Judges">Judges</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;font-style:italic;">Shofetim</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Books_of_Samuel" title="Books of Samuel">Samuel</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;font-style:italic;">Shemuel</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Books_of_Kings" title="Books of Kings">Kings</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;font-style:italic;">Melakhim</td></tr></tbody></table></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#e6e6ff;text-align:center;"> <a href="/wiki/Nevi%27im#Latter_Prophets" title="Nevi'im">Latter</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <table class="infobox" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none;width:10.0em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;line-height:1.2em;white-space:nowrap;"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Isaiah" title="Book of Isaiah">Isaiah</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;font-style:italic;">Yeshayahu</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Jeremiah" title="Book of Jeremiah">Jeremiah</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;font-style:italic;">Yirmeyahu</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Ezekiel" title="Book of Ezekiel">Ezekiel</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;font-style:italic;">Yekhezqel</td></tr></tbody></table></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#e6e6ff;text-align:center;"> <a href="/wiki/Twelve_Minor_Prophets" title="Twelve Minor Prophets">Minor </a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="hlist" style="padding-top:0.15em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Hosea" title="Book of Hosea">Hosea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Joel" title="Book of Joel">Joel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Amos" title="Book of Amos">Amos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Obadiah" title="Book of Obadiah">Obadiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Jonah" title="Book of Jonah">Jonah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Micah" title="Book of Micah">Micah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Nahum" title="Book of Nahum">Nahum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Habakkuk" title="Book of Habakkuk">Habakkuk</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Zephaniah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Haggai" title="Book of Haggai">Haggai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Zechariah" title="Book of Zechariah">Zechariah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Malachi" title="Book of Malachi">Malachi</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#ddf;padding-top:0.25em;padding-bottom:0.25em;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Ketuvim" title="Ketuvim"><span style="font-size:120%"><i>Ketuvim</i></span> <span class="nobold">(Writings)</span></a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#e6e6ff;text-align:center;"> Poetic</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <table class="infobox" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none;width:15.5em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;line-height:1.2em;white-space:nowrap;"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Psalms" title="Psalms">Psalms</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;font-style:italic;">Tehillim</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Proverbs" title="Book of Proverbs">Proverbs</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;font-style:italic;">Mishlei</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Job" title="Book of Job">Job</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;font-style:italic;">Iyov</td></tr></tbody></table></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#e6e6ff;text-align:center;"> <a href="/wiki/Five_Megillot" title="Five Megillot">Five <i>Megillot</i> <span class="nobold">(Scrolls)</span></a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <table class="infobox" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none;width:15.5em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;line-height:1.2em;white-space:nowrap;"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Song_of_Songs" title="Song of Songs">Song of Songs</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;font-style:italic;">Shir Hashirim</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Ruth" title="Book of Ruth">Ruth</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;font-style:italic;">Rut</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Lamentations" title="Book of Lamentations">Lamentations</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;font-style:italic;">Eikhah</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastes" title="Ecclesiastes">Ecclesiastes</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;font-style:italic;">Qohelet</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Esther" title="Book of Esther">Esther</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;font-style:italic;">Ester</td></tr></tbody></table></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#e6e6ff;text-align:center;"> Historical</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <table class="infobox" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none;width:15.5em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;line-height:1.2em;white-space:nowrap;"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Daniel" title="Book of Daniel">Daniel</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;font-style:italic;">Daniyyel</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Ezra%E2%80%93Nehemiah" title="Ezra–Nehemiah">Ezra–Nehemiah</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;font-style:italic;">Ezra</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Books_of_Chronicles" title="Books of Chronicles">Chronicles</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:right;font-style:italic;">Divre Hayyamim</td></tr></tbody></table></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr></tbody></table></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ccccff; font-size:115%;padding-top:0.3em;padding-bottom:0.3em;"> <a href="/wiki/Old_Testament" title="Old Testament">Old Testament</a> <span class="nobold">(Christianity)</span></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0.4em;"> <table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks plainlist" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none;line-height:1.4em;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#ddf;padding-top:0.25em;padding-bottom:0.25em;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><span style="font-size:120%"><a href="/wiki/Pentateuch#Contents" class="mw-redirect" title="Pentateuch">Pentateuch</a></span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Genesis" title="Book of Genesis">Genesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Exodus" title="Book of Exodus">Exodus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Leviticus" title="Book of Leviticus">Leviticus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Numbers" title="Book of Numbers">Numbers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Deuteronomy" title="Book of Deuteronomy">Deuteronomy</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#ddf;padding-top:0.25em;padding-bottom:0.25em;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><span style="font-size:120%"><a href="/wiki/Historical_books" title="Historical books">Historical</a></span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Joshua" title="Book of Joshua">Joshua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Judges" title="Book of Judges">Judges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Ruth" title="Book of Ruth">Ruth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Books_of_Samuel" title="Books of Samuel">1–2 Samuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Books_of_Kings" title="Books of Kings">1–2 Kings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Books_of_Chronicles" title="Books of Chronicles">1–2 Chronicles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Ezra" title="Book of Ezra">Ezra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Nehemiah" title="Book of Nehemiah">Nehemiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Esther" title="Book of Esther">Esther</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#ddf;padding-top:0.25em;padding-bottom:0.25em;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><span style="font-size:120%"><a href="/wiki/Poetic_Books" title="Poetic Books">Wisdom</a></span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Job" title="Book of Job">Job</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psalms" title="Psalms">Psalms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Proverbs" title="Book of Proverbs">Proverbs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastes" title="Ecclesiastes">Ecclesiastes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Song_of_Songs" title="Song of Songs">Song of Songs</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#ddf;padding-top:0.25em;padding-bottom:0.25em;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><span style="font-size:120%"><a href="/wiki/Prophetic_books" title="Prophetic books">Prophetic</a></span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#e6e6ff;text-align:center;"> <a href="/wiki/Major_prophet" title="Major prophet">Major prophets</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Isaiah" title="Book of Isaiah">Isaiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Jeremiah" title="Book of Jeremiah">Jeremiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Lamentations" title="Book of Lamentations">Lamentations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Ezekiel" title="Book of Ezekiel">Ezekiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Daniel" title="Book of Daniel">Daniel</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#e6e6ff;text-align:center;"> <a href="/wiki/Twelve_Minor_Prophets" title="Twelve Minor Prophets">Minor prophets</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Hosea" title="Book of Hosea">Hosea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Joel" title="Book of Joel">Joel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Amos" title="Book of Amos">Amos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Obadiah" title="Book of Obadiah">Obadiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Jonah" title="Book of Jonah">Jonah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Micah" title="Book of Micah">Micah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Nahum" title="Book of Nahum">Nahum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Habakkuk" title="Book of Habakkuk">Habakkuk</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Zephaniah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Haggai" title="Book of Haggai">Haggai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Zechariah" title="Book of Zechariah">Zechariah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Malachi" title="Book of Malachi">Malachi</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#ddf;padding-top:0.25em;padding-bottom:0.25em;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><span style="font-size:120%"><a href="/wiki/Deuterocanonical_books" title="Deuterocanonical books">Deuterocanonical</a></span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="background-color: transparent; color: var( --color-base ); border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Tobit" title="Book of Tobit">Tobit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Judith" title="Book of Judith">Judith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Esther#Additions_to_Esther" title="Book of Esther">Additions to Esther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1_Maccabees" title="1 Maccabees">1 Maccabees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2_Maccabees" title="2 Maccabees">2 Maccabees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Wisdom" title="Book of Wisdom">Wisdom of Solomon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Sirach" title="Book of Sirach">Sirach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Baruch" title="Book of Baruch">Baruch</a> / <a href="/wiki/Letter_of_Jeremiah" title="Letter of Jeremiah">Letter of Jeremiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Additions_to_Daniel" title="Additions to Daniel">Additions to Daniel</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#e6e6ff;text-align:center;"> Orthodox only</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1_Esdras" title="1 Esdras">1 Esdras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2_Esdras" title="2 Esdras">2 Esdras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prayer_of_Manasseh" title="Prayer of Manasseh">Prayer of Manasseh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psalm_151" title="Psalm 151">Psalm 151</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3_Maccabees" title="3 Maccabees">3 Maccabees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4_Maccabees" title="4 Maccabees">4 Maccabees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Odes_(Bible)" title="Book of Odes (Bible)">Odes</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#e6e6ff;text-align:center;"> <a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Tewahedo" title="Orthodox Tewahedo">Orthodox Tewahedo</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Enoch" title="Book of Enoch">Enoch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Jubilees" title="Book of Jubilees">Jubilees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meqabyan" title="Meqabyan">1, 2, and 3 Meqabyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rest_of_the_Words_of_Baruch" title="Rest of the Words of Baruch">Paralipomena of Baruch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Tewahedo_biblical_canon" title="Orthodox Tewahedo biblical canon">Broader canon</a></li></ul></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr></tbody></table></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="border-top:1px solid #aaa;font-size:105%;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Bible" title="Portal:Bible">Bible portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Tanakh_OT" title="Template:Tanakh OT"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Tanakh_OT" title="Template talk:Tanakh OT"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Tanakh_OT" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Tanakh OT"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Leningrad-codex-13-twelve-minor-prophets.pdf" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Leningrad-codex-13-twelve-minor-prophets.pdf/page1-250px-Leningrad-codex-13-twelve-minor-prophets.pdf.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="324" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Leningrad-codex-13-twelve-minor-prophets.pdf/page1-375px-Leningrad-codex-13-twelve-minor-prophets.pdf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Leningrad-codex-13-twelve-minor-prophets.pdf/page1-500px-Leningrad-codex-13-twelve-minor-prophets.pdf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1275" data-file-height="1650" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Leningrad_Codex" title="Leningrad Codex">Leningrad Codex</a> (AD. 1008) contains the complete text of the Book of Zephaniah in <a href="/wiki/Hebrew" class="mw-redirect" title="Hebrew">Hebrew</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Book of Zephaniah</b> <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˌ/: secondary stress follows">ˌ</span><span title="'z' in 'zoom'">z</span><span title="/ɛ/: 'e' in 'dress'">ɛ</span><span title="'f' in 'find'">f</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/aɪ/: 'i' in 'tide'">aɪ</span><span title="/./: syllable break">.</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span>/</a></span></span> (<a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: <span lang="he" dir="rtl">צְפַנְיָה</span>, <i>Ṣəfanyā</i>; sometimes Latinized as <i>Sophonias</i>) is the ninth of the <a href="/wiki/Twelve_Minor_Prophets" title="Twelve Minor Prophets">Twelve Minor Prophets</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Old_Testament" title="Old Testament">Old Testament</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tanakh" class="mw-redirect" title="Tanakh">Tanakh</a>, preceded in all traditions by the <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Habakkuk" title="Book of Habakkuk">Book of Habakkuk</a> and followed by the <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Haggai" title="Book of Haggai">Book of Haggai</a>. Zephaniah is a male given name which is usually interpreted to mean "<a href="/wiki/Yahweh" title="Yahweh">Yahweh</a> has hidden/protected",<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrudem_et_al.20081729_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrudem_et_al.20081729-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or "Yahweh hides".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECarson_et_al.20151839_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECarson_et_al.20151839-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The church father <a href="/wiki/Jerome_of_Stridon" class="mw-redirect" title="Jerome of Stridon">Jerome of Stridon</a> interpreted <a href="/wiki/Zephaniah" title="Zephaniah">Zephaniah</a>'s name to mean "the watchman of the Lord".<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The original text of the prophecy was written in <a href="/wiki/Biblical_Hebrew" title="Biblical Hebrew">Biblical Hebrew</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Authorship_and_date">Authorship and date</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Book_of_Zephaniah&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Authorship and date"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Southern_France,_Toulouse(%3F),_13th_century_-_Fol._362v,_Zephaniah,_historiated_initial_V,_Zephaniah_kneeling_with_a_scro_-_2008.2.362.b_-_Cleveland_Museum_of_Art.tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Southern_France%2C_Toulouse%28%3F%29%2C_13th_century_-_Fol._362v%2C_Zephaniah%2C_historiated_initial_V%2C_Zephaniah_kneeling_with_a_scro_-_2008.2.362.b_-_Cleveland_Museum_of_Art.tif/lossy-page1-240px-thumbnail.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="410" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Southern_France%2C_Toulouse%28%3F%29%2C_13th_century_-_Fol._362v%2C_Zephaniah%2C_historiated_initial_V%2C_Zephaniah_kneeling_with_a_scro_-_2008.2.362.b_-_Cleveland_Museum_of_Art.tif/lossy-page1-360px-thumbnail.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Southern_France%2C_Toulouse%28%3F%29%2C_13th_century_-_Fol._362v%2C_Zephaniah%2C_historiated_initial_V%2C_Zephaniah_kneeling_with_a_scro_-_2008.2.362.b_-_Cleveland_Museum_of_Art.tif/lossy-page1-480px-thumbnail.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3480" data-file-height="5951" /></a><figcaption>A 13th-century Latin Bible, possibly from <a href="/wiki/Toulouse" title="Toulouse">Toulouse</a>, with part of the Book of Zephaniah (Latin <i>Sophonias</i>)</figcaption></figure> <p>The book's superscription attributes its authorship to "Zephaniah son of Cushi son of Gedaliah son of Amariah son of Hezekiah, in the days of <a href="/wiki/Josiah" title="Josiah">King Josiah</a> son of <a href="/wiki/Amon_of_Judah" title="Amon of Judah">Amon of Judah</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All that is known of <a href="/wiki/Zephaniah" title="Zephaniah">Zephaniah</a> comes from within the text.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrudem_et_al.20081729_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrudem_et_al.20081729-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The name "<a href="/wiki/Cushi" title="Cushi">Cushi</a>," Zephaniah's father, means "Cushite" or "<a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopian</a>", and the text of Zephaniah mentions the sin and restoration of <i>Cushim</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While some have concluded from this that Zephaniah was dark-skinned or African,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECarson_et_al.20151839_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECarson_et_al.20151839-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ehud_Ben_Zvi" title="Ehud Ben Zvi">Ehud Ben Zvi</a> maintains that, based on the context, "Cushi" must be understood as a personal name rather than an indicator of nationality.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.20041235_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.20041235-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Abraham_ibn_Ezra" title="Abraham ibn Ezra">Abraham ibn Ezra</a> interpreted the name Hezekiah in the superscription as <a href="/wiki/Hezekiah" title="Hezekiah">King Hezekiah of Judah</a>, though that is not a claim advanced in the text of Zephaniah.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.20041235_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.20041235-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As with many of the other prophets,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.2004781–784,_918,_1043_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.2004781–784,_918,_1043-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> there is no external evidence to directly associate composition of the book with a prophet by the name of Zephaniah.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrudem_et_al.20081729_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrudem_et_al.20081729-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some scholars, such as Kent Harold Richards and Jason DeRouchie, consider the words in Zephaniah to reflect a time early in the reign of <a href="/wiki/Josiah" title="Josiah">King Josiah</a> (640–609 BC) before his reforms of 622 BC took full effect,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAttridgeMeeks20061259_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAttridgeMeeks20061259-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECarson_et_al.20151839_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECarson_et_al.20151839-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in which case the prophet may have been born during the reign of <a href="/wiki/Manasseh_of_Judah" title="Manasseh of Judah">Manasseh</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAttridgeMeeks20061259_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAttridgeMeeks20061259-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (698/687–642 BC).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.20042111_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.20042111-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Others argue that some portion of the book is postmonarchic,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.20041234_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.20041234-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that is, dating to later than 586 BC when the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Judah" title="Kingdom of Judah">Kingdom of Judah</a> fell in the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jerusalem_(587_BC)" title="Siege of Jerusalem (587 BC)">Siege of Jerusalem</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.20042111_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.20042111-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some who consider the book to have largely been written by a historical Zephaniah have suggested that he may have been a disciple of the prophet <a href="/wiki/Isaiah" title="Isaiah">Isaiah</a>, because of the two books' similar focus on rampant corruption and injustice in Judah.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAttridgeMeeks20061259_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAttridgeMeeks20061259-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Bible" title="Jerusalem Bible">Jerusalem Bible</a> links Zephaniah 2:11 and 3:9-10 with the <a href="/wiki/Deutero-Isaiah" class="mw-redirect" title="Deutero-Isaiah">Book of Consolation</a> (Isaiah 40-55).<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Purpose">Purpose</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Book_of_Zephaniah&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Purpose"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>If Zephaniah was largely composed during the monarchic period, then its composition was occasioned by Judah's refusal to obey its <a href="/wiki/Covenant_(biblical)" title="Covenant (biblical)">covenant</a> obligations toward Yahweh despite having seen <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Israel_(Samaria)" title="Kingdom of Israel (Samaria)">northern Israel's</a> <a href="/wiki/Assyrian_captivity" title="Assyrian captivity">exile</a> a generation or two previously,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrudem_et_al.20081729_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrudem_et_al.20081729-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> an exile which the Judahite literary tradition attributed to Yahweh's anger aroused by Israel's disobedience to the covenant.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.2004758–759_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.2004758–759-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In this historical context, Zephaniah urges Judah to obedience to Yahweh, saying that "perhaps"<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> he will forgive them if they do.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrudem_et_al.20081729_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrudem_et_al.20081729-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Themes">Themes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Book_of_Zephaniah&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Themes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sophonie_s%27adressant_au_peuple.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Sophonie_s%27adressant_au_peuple.jpg/250px-Sophonie_s%27adressant_au_peuple.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="341" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Sophonie_s%27adressant_au_peuple.jpg/375px-Sophonie_s%27adressant_au_peuple.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/96/Sophonie_s%27adressant_au_peuple.jpg 2x" data-file-width="416" data-file-height="568" /></a><figcaption>Illustration depicting Zephaniah addressing the people, from a French 16th-century Bible</figcaption></figure> <p><i>The HarperCollins Study Bible</i> supplies headings for sections within the book as follows:<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAttridgeMeeks20061260–64_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAttridgeMeeks20061260–64-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Verse and chapter headings in the HCSB </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Verse (NRSV)</th> <th>Heading </th></tr> <tr><td>1:1</td> <td>(Superscription) </td></tr> <tr><td>1:2–13</td> <td>The Coming Judgment on <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Judah" title="Kingdom of Judah">Judah</a> </td></tr> <tr><td>1:14–18</td> <td>The Great <a href="/wiki/Day_of_the_Lord" class="mw-redirect" title="Day of the Lord">Day of the Lord</a> </td></tr> <tr><td>2:1–15</td> <td>Judgment on <a href="/wiki/Israelites" title="Israelites">Israel's</a> Enemies </td></tr> <tr><td>3:1–7</td> <td>The Wickedness of <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a> </td></tr> <tr><td>3:8–13</td> <td>Punishment and Conversion of <a href="/wiki/Gentile" title="Gentile">the Nations</a> </td></tr> <tr><td>3:14–20</td> <td>Song of Joy </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>More consistently than any other prophetic book, Zephaniah focuses on "the day of the Lord",<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrudem_et_al.20081729_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrudem_et_al.20081729-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> developing this tradition from its first appearance in <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Amos" title="Book of Amos">Amos</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAttridgeMeeks20061259–60_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAttridgeMeeks20061259–60-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.20041186_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.20041186-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The day of the Lord tradition also appears in <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Isaiah" title="Book of Isaiah">Isaiah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Ezekiel" title="Book of Ezekiel">Ezekiel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Obadiah" title="Book of Obadiah">Obadiah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Joel" title="Book of Joel">Joel</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Malachi" title="Book of Malachi">Malachi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.20041169_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.20041169-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The book begins by describing Yahweh's judgement. With a triple repetition of "I will sweep away" in 1:2–3, Zephaniah emphasizes the totality of the destruction,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAttridgeMeeks20061260_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAttridgeMeeks20061260-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as the number three often signifies perfection in the Bible.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.20041505_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.20041505-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The order of creatures in Zephaniah 1:2 ("humans and animals ... the birds ... the fish") is the opposite of the creation order in Genesis 1:1–28, signifying an undoing of creation.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrudem_et_al.20081732_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrudem_et_al.20081732-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is also signified by the way that "from the face of the earth" forms an <i><a href="/wiki/Inclusio" title="Inclusio">inclusio</a></i> around Zephaniah 1:2-3, hearkening back to how the phrase is used in the <a href="/wiki/Genesis_flood_narrative" title="Genesis flood narrative">Genesis flood narrative</a> in Genesis 6:7, Genesis 7:4, and Genesis 8:8,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAttridgeMeeks20061260_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAttridgeMeeks20061260-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> where it also connotes an undoing of creation.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.200421_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.200421-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As is common in prophetic literature in the Bible, a "remnant" survives Yahweh's judgement,<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.20041241_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.20041241-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> by humbly seeking refuge in Yahweh.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrudem_et_al.20081738_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrudem_et_al.20081738-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The book concludes with an announcement of hope and joy,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.20041242_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.20041242-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as Yahweh "bursts forth in joyful divine celebration"<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrudem_et_al.20081739_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrudem_et_al.20081739-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> over his people.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_influence">Later influence</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Book_of_Zephaniah&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Later influence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Because of its hopeful tone of the gathering and restoration of exiles, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Zephaniah%203:20&version=nrsv">Zephaniah 3:20</a> has been included in <a href="/wiki/Jewish_liturgy" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish liturgy">Jewish liturgy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.20041242_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.20041242-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Zephaniah served as a major inspiration for the <a href="/wiki/Medieval" class="mw-redirect" title="Medieval">medieval</a> <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic</a> <a href="/wiki/Hymn" title="Hymn">hymn</a> "<a href="/wiki/Dies_Irae" class="mw-redirect" title="Dies Irae">Dies Irae</a>," whose title and opening words are from the <a href="/wiki/Vulgate" title="Vulgate">Vulgate</a> translation of <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Zephaniah%201:15–16&version=nrsv">Zephaniah 1:15–16</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAttridgeMeeks20061259–60_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAttridgeMeeks20061259–60-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Surviving_early_manuscripts">Surviving early manuscripts</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Book_of_Zephaniah&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Surviving early manuscripts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Hebrew_Bible_manuscripts" title="List of Hebrew Bible manuscripts">List of Hebrew Bible manuscripts</a></div> <p>The original manuscript of this book has been lost. Some early manuscripts containing the text of this book in <a href="/wiki/Biblical_Hebrew" title="Biblical Hebrew">Hebrew</a> are of the <a href="/wiki/Masoretic_Text" title="Masoretic Text">Masoretic Text</a> tradition, which includes the <a href="/wiki/Codex_Cairensis" title="Codex Cairensis">Codex Cairensis</a> (895), <a href="/wiki/Codex_Babylonicus_Petropolitanus" title="Codex Babylonicus Petropolitanus">the Petersburg Codex of the Prophets</a> (916), <a href="/wiki/Aleppo_Codex" title="Aleppo Codex">Aleppo Codex</a> (10th century), <a href="/wiki/Leningrad_Codex" title="Leningrad Codex">Codex Leningradensis</a> (1008).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWürthwein199535–37_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWürthwein199535–37-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fragments containing parts of this book in Hebrew were found among the <a href="/wiki/Dead_Sea_Scrolls" title="Dead Sea Scrolls">Dead Sea Scrolls</a>, including 4Q77 (4QXII<sup>b</sup>; 150–125 BCE),<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUlrich2010616_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEUlrich2010616-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-thewaytoyahuweh_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thewaytoyahuweh-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFitzmyer200838_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFitzmyer200838-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 4Q78 (4QXII<sup>c</sup>; 75–50 BCE),<sup id="cite_ref-thewaytoyahuweh_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thewaytoyahuweh-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFitzmyer200838_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFitzmyer200838-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUlrich2010618_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEUlrich2010618-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Wadi_Murabba%27at" title="Wadi Murabba'at">Wadi Murabba'at</a> Minor Prophets (Mur88; MurXIIProph; 75-100 CE).<sup id="cite_ref-thewaytoyahuweh_35-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thewaytoyahuweh-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFitzmyer2008140–141_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFitzmyer2008140–141-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There is also a translation into <a href="/wiki/Koine_Greek" title="Koine Greek">Koine Greek</a> known as the <a href="/wiki/Septuagint" title="Septuagint">Septuagint</a>, made in the last few centuries BC. Extant ancient manuscripts of the <a href="/wiki/Septuagint" title="Septuagint">Septuagint</a> version include <a href="/wiki/Codex_Vaticanus" title="Codex Vaticanus">Codex Vaticanus</a> (4th century), <a href="/wiki/Codex_Sinaiticus" title="Codex Sinaiticus">Codex Sinaiticus</a> (4th century), <a href="/wiki/Codex_Alexandrinus" title="Codex Alexandrinus">Codex Alexandrinus</a> (5th century) and <a href="/wiki/Codex_Marchalianus" title="Codex Marchalianus">Codex Marchalianus</a> (6th century).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWürthwein199573–74_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWürthwein199573–74-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some fragments containing parts of the Septuagint version of this book were found among the <a href="/wiki/Dead_Sea_Scrolls" title="Dead Sea Scrolls">Dead Sea Scrolls</a>, i.e., <a href="/wiki/Greek_Minor_Prophets_Scroll_from_Nahal_Hever" title="Greek Minor Prophets Scroll from Nahal Hever">Naḥal Ḥever (1st century CE)</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-thewaytoyahuweh_35-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-thewaytoyahuweh-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFitzmyer2008127_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFitzmyer2008127-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Book_of_Zephaniah&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrudem_et_al.20081729-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrudem_et_al.20081729_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrudem_et_al.20081729_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrudem_et_al.20081729_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrudem_et_al.20081729_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrudem_et_al.20081729_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrudem_et_al.20081729_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGrudem_et_al.2008">Grudem et al. 2008</a>, p. 1729.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECarson_et_al.20151839-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECarson_et_al.20151839_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECarson_et_al.20151839_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECarson_et_al.20151839_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCarson_et_al.2015">Carson et al. 2015</a>, p. 1839.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ewtn.com/catholicism/library/prophecy-of-sophonias-12455">"The Prophecy of Sophonias | EWTN"</a>. <i>EWTN Global Catholic Television Network</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=EWTN+Global+Catholic+Television+Network&rft.atitle=The+Prophecy+of+Sophonias+%26%23124%3B+EWTN&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ewtn.com%2Fcatholicism%2Flibrary%2Fprophecy-of-sophonias-12455&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABook+of+Zephaniah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Zephaniah_1#Verse_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Zephaniah 1">Zephaniah 1:1</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Revised_Standard_Version" title="New Revised Standard Version">NRSV</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Zephaniah%202:12&version=nrsv">Zeph 2:12</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Zephaniah%203:9–10&version=nrsv">Zeph 3:9–10</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.20041235-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.20041235_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.20041235_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBerlin_et_al.2004">Berlin et al. 2004</a>, p. 1235.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.2004781–784,_918,_1043-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.2004781–784,_918,_1043_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBerlin_et_al.2004">Berlin et al. 2004</a>, pp. 781–784, 918, 1043.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAttridgeMeeks20061259-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAttridgeMeeks20061259_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAttridgeMeeks20061259_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAttridgeMeeks20061259_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAttridgeMeeks2006">Attridge & Meeks 2006</a>, p. 1259.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.20042111-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.20042111_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.20042111_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBerlin_et_al.2004">Berlin et al. 2004</a>, p. 2111.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.20041234-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.20041234_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBerlin_et_al.2004">Berlin et al. 2004</a>, p. 1234.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jerusalem Bible (1966), "Introduction to the Prophets: Zephaniah", p. 1137</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=1%20Kings%2017:5–18&version=nrsv">1 Kings 17:5–18</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.2004758–759-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.2004758–759_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBerlin_et_al.2004">Berlin et al. 2004</a>, pp. 758–759.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Zephaniah%202:3&version=nrsv">Zephaniah 2:3</a> in a variety of English translations</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAttridgeMeeks20061260–64-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAttridgeMeeks20061260–64_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAttridgeMeeks2006">Attridge & Meeks 2006</a>, pp. 1260–64.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAttridgeMeeks20061259–60-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAttridgeMeeks20061259–60_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAttridgeMeeks20061259–60_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAttridgeMeeks2006">Attridge & Meeks 2006</a>, pp. 1259–60.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.20041186-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.20041186_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBerlin_et_al.2004">Berlin et al. 2004</a>, p. 1186.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Amos%205:18–20&version=nrsv">Amos 5:18–20</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.20041169-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.20041169_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBerlin_et_al.2004">Berlin et al. 2004</a>, p. 1169.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Isaiah%2013:6&version=nrsv">Isaiah 13:6</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Ezekiel%2030:2–3&version=nrsv">Ezekiel 30:2–3</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Obadiah%201:15&version=nrsv">Obadiah 15</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Joel%201:15&version=nrsv">Joel 1:15</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Malachi%204:5&version=nrsv">Malachi 4:5</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAttridgeMeeks20061260-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAttridgeMeeks20061260_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAttridgeMeeks20061260_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAttridgeMeeks2006">Attridge & Meeks 2006</a>, p. 1260.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.20041505-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.20041505_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBerlin_et_al.2004">Berlin et al. 2004</a>, p. 1505.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrudem_et_al.20081732-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrudem_et_al.20081732_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGrudem_et_al.2008">Grudem et al. 2008</a>, p. 1732.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.200421-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.200421_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBerlin_et_al.2004">Berlin et al. 2004</a>, p. 21.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Zephaniah%202:7&version=nrsv">Zephaniah 2:7</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Zephaniah%202:9&version=nrsv">2:9</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.20041241-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.20041241_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBerlin_et_al.2004">Berlin et al. 2004</a>, p. 1241.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrudem_et_al.20081738-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrudem_et_al.20081738_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGrudem_et_al.2008">Grudem et al. 2008</a>, p. 1738.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Zephaniah%203:12–13&version=nrsv">Zeph 3:12–13</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.20041242-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.20041242_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBerlin_et_al.20041242_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBerlin_et_al.2004">Berlin et al. 2004</a>, p. 1242.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Zephaniah%203:14–20&version=nrsv">Zeph 3:14–20</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrudem_et_al.20081739-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGrudem_et_al.20081739_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGrudem_et_al.2008">Grudem et al. 2008</a>, p. 1739.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Zephaniah%203:17&version=nrsv">Zeph 3:17</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWürthwein199535–37-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWürthwein199535–37_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWürthwein1995">Würthwein 1995</a>, pp. 35–37.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEUlrich2010616-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUlrich2010616_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFUlrich2010">Ulrich 2010</a>, p. 616.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-thewaytoyahuweh-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-thewaytoyahuweh_35-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-thewaytoyahuweh_35-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-thewaytoyahuweh_35-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-thewaytoyahuweh_35-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thewaytoyahuweh.com/dead-sea-scrolls/general-info/#zephaniah">"General Info | The Way To Yahuweh"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=General+Info+%26%23124%3B+The+Way+To+Yahuweh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthewaytoyahuweh.com%2Fdead-sea-scrolls%2Fgeneral-info%2F%23zephaniah&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABook+of+Zephaniah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFitzmyer200838-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFitzmyer200838_36-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFitzmyer200838_36-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFitzmyer2008">Fitzmyer 2008</a>, p. 38.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEUlrich2010618-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEUlrich2010618_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFUlrich2010">Ulrich 2010</a>, p. 618.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFitzmyer2008140–141-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFitzmyer2008140–141_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFitzmyer2008">Fitzmyer 2008</a>, pp. 140–141.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWürthwein199573–74-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWürthwein199573–74_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWürthwein1995">Würthwein 1995</a>, pp. 73–74.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFitzmyer2008127-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFitzmyer2008127_40-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFitzmyer2008">Fitzmyer 2008</a>, p. 127.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Book_of_Zephaniah&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAttridgeMeeks2006" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Harold_W._Attridge" title="Harold W. Attridge">Attridge, Harold W.</a>; Meeks, Wayne A., eds. (2006). <i>The Harper Collins Study Bible</i> (rev. ed.). New York: Harper Collins. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-06122840-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-06122840-7"><bdi>978-0-06122840-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Harper+Collins+Study+Bible&rft.place=New+York&rft.edition=rev.&rft.pub=Harper+Collins&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-06122840-7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABook+of+Zephaniah" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBerlin_et_al.2004" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Adele_Berlin" title="Adele Berlin">Berlin, Adele</a>; <a href="/wiki/Marc_Zvi_Brettler" title="Marc Zvi Brettler">Brettler, Marc Zvi</a>; <a href="/wiki/Michael_Fishbane" title="Michael Fishbane">Fishbane, Michael</a>, eds. (2004). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780195297515"><i>The Jewish Study Bible</i></a></span>. New York: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19529751-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19529751-5"><bdi>978-0-19529751-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Jewish+Study+Bible&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-19529751-5&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fisbn_9780195297515&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABook+of+Zephaniah" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarson_et_al.2015" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/D._A._Carson" title="D. A. Carson">Carson, D. A.</a>; <a href="/wiki/Richard_Hess" title="Richard Hess">Hess, Richard S.</a>; Alexander, T. D.; <a href="/wiki/Douglas_J._Moo" title="Douglas J. Moo">Moo, Douglas J.</a>; Naselli, Andrew David, eds. (2015). <i>NIV Zondervan Study Bible</i>. Grand Rapids: Zondervan. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-31043833-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-31043833-5"><bdi>978-0-31043833-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=NIV+Zondervan+Study+Bible&rft.place=Grand+Rapids&rft.pub=Zondervan&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-0-31043833-5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABook+of+Zephaniah" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrudem_et_al.2008" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Wayne_Grudem" title="Wayne Grudem">Grudem, Wayne</a>; Dennis, Lane T.; <a href="/wiki/J._I._Packer" title="J. I. Packer">Packer, J. I.</a>; <a href="/wiki/C._John_Collins" title="C. John Collins">Collins, C. John</a>; <a href="/wiki/Thomas_R._Schreiner" title="Thomas R. Schreiner">Schreiner, Thomas R.</a>; Taylor, Justin, eds. (2008). <a href="/wiki/ESV_Study_Bible" title="ESV Study Bible"><i>ESV Study Bible</i></a>. Wheaton: Crossway. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-43350241-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-43350241-5"><bdi>978-1-43350241-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=ESV+Study+Bible&rft.place=Wheaton&rft.pub=Crossway&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1-43350241-5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABook+of+Zephaniah" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFitzmyer2008" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Fitzmyer" title="Joseph Fitzmyer">Fitzmyer, Joseph A.</a> (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TILXeWJ2eNAC"><i>A Guide to the Dead Sea Scrolls and Related Literature</i></a>. Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780802862419" title="Special:BookSources/9780802862419"><bdi>9780802862419</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Guide+to+the+Dead+Sea+Scrolls+and+Related+Literature&rft.place=Grand+Rapids%2C+MI&rft.pub=William+B.+Eerdmans+Publishing+Company&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9780802862419&rft.aulast=Fitzmyer&rft.aufirst=Joseph+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTILXeWJ2eNAC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABook+of+Zephaniah" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUlrich2010" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Ulrich" title="Eugene Ulrich">Ulrich, Eugene</a>, ed. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/TheBiblicalQumranScrolls"><i>The Biblical Qumran Scrolls: Transcriptions and Textual Variants</i></a>. Brill.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Biblical+Qumran+Scrolls%3A+Transcriptions+and+Textual+Variants&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2010&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FTheBiblicalQumranScrolls&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABook+of+Zephaniah" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWürthwein1995" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ernst_W%C3%BCrthwein" title="Ernst Würthwein">Würthwein, Ernst</a> (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FSNKSBObCYwC"><i>The Text of the Old Testament</i></a>. Translated by Rhodes, Erroll F. Grand Rapids, MI: Wm. B. Eerdmans. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8028-0788-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-8028-0788-7"><bdi>0-8028-0788-7</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 26,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Text+of+the+Old+Testament&rft.place=Grand+Rapids%2C+MI&rft.pub=Wm.+B.+Eerdmans&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=0-8028-0788-7&rft.aulast=W%C3%BCrthwein&rft.aufirst=Ernst&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFSNKSBObCYwC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABook+of+Zephaniah" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Book_of_Zephaniah&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Berlin, Adele. <i>Zephaniah: A New Translation with Introduction and Commentary</i>. The Anchor Bible Volume 25A. Toronto: Doubleday, 1994.</li> <li>Easton's Bible Dictionary, 1897.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFaulhaber1913" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Faulhaber, M. (1913). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Sophonias (Zephaniah)"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia_(1913)/Sophonias_(Zephaniah)">"Sophonias (Zephaniah)" </a></span>. In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). <i><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia" title="Catholic Encyclopedia">Catholic Encyclopedia</a></i>. New York: Robert Appleton Company.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Sophonias+%28Zephaniah%29&rft.btitle=Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Robert+Appleton+Company&rft.date=1913&rft.aulast=Faulhaber&rft.aufirst=M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABook+of+Zephaniah" class="Z3988"></span> Transcribed by Thomas M. Barrett. 2003.</li> <li>Hirsch, Emil G. & Ira Maurice Price. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/15242-zephaniah">Zephaniah</a>", <i>JewishEncyclopedia.com</i>. 2002.</li> <li>LaSor, William Sanford et al. <i>Old Testament Survey: the Message, Form, and Background of the Old Testament</i>. Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans, 1996.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/O._Palmer_Robertson" title="O. Palmer Robertson">O. Palmer Robertson</a>. <i>The Books of Nahum, Habakkuk, and Zephaniah</i> (New International Commentary on the Old Testament, 1990)</li> <li>Sweeney, Marvin A. <i>Zephaniah: A Commentary</i>. Ed. <a href="/wiki/Paul_D._Hanson" title="Paul D. Hanson">Paul D. Hanson</a>. Minneapolis, Fortress Press, 2003.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Book_of_Zephaniah&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output 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sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Book_of_Zephaniah" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Book of Zephaniah">Book of Zephaniah</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jewishencyclopedia.com/view.jsp?artid=106&letter=Z">Zephaniah at JewishEncyclopedia.com</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Translations of the Book of Zephaniah</dt> <dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Jewish</a> translations: <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chabad.org/library/archive/LibraryArchive2.asp?AID=15766">Tzefaniah – Zephaniah (Judaica Press)</a> translation [with <a href="/wiki/Rashi" title="Rashi">Rashi</a>'s commentary] at Chabad.org</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christian</a> translations: <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gospelhall.org/bible/bible.php?passage=Zephaniah+1"><i>Online Bible</i> at GospelHall.org</a> (ESV, KJV, Darby, American Standard Version, Bible in Basic English)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bible.crosswalk.com/OnlineStudyBible/bible.cgi?passage=zep+1"><i>Zephaniah</i> at CrossWalk.com</a> (various versions)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050305095310/http://www.anova.org/sev/htm/hb/36_zephaniah.htm"><i>Zephaniah</i> at The Great Books</a> (New Revised Standard Version)</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible,_King_James,_Zephaniah" class="extiw" title="s:Bible, King James, Zephaniah"><i>Zephaniah</i> at Wikisource</a> (Authorized King James Version)</li></ul></li> <li>Non-affiliated translations: <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theheavenlyfire.weebly.com/uploads/3/0/3/1/30313305/thf-zephaniah-2.0.pdf"><i>The Heavenly Fire: Zephaniah</i></a> (<a href="/wiki/Portable_Document_Format" class="mw-redirect" title="Portable Document Format">PDF</a>) (Creative Commons translation with in-depth introduction and extensive translation notes)</li></ul></li> <li><span class="skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/15px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/23px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/30px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://librivox.org/search?title=Zephaniah&author=&reader=&keywords=&genre_id=0&status=all&project_type=either&recorded_language=&sort_order=catalog_date&search_page=1&search_form=advanced"><i>Zephaniah</i></a> public domain audiobook at <a href="/wiki/LibriVox" title="LibriVox">LibriVox</a> Various versions</li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFD700; text-align:center;"><div>Book of Zephaniah </div><div><b> <a href="/wiki/Minor_prophet" class="mw-redirect" title="Minor prophet">Minor prophets</a></b></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="2">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Habakkuk" title="Book of Habakkuk">Habakkuk</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Tanakh" class="mw-redirect" title="Tanakh">Hebrew Bible</a> </b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="2">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Haggai" title="Book of Haggai">Haggai</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christian</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Old_Testament" title="Old Testament">Old Testament</a> </b> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output 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.navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Book_of_Zephaniah" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Book_of_Zephaniah" title="Template:Book of Zephaniah"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Book_of_Zephaniah" title="Template talk:Book of Zephaniah"><abbr 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href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Judah" title="Kingdom of Judah">Judah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philistia" title="Philistia">Philistia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sodom_and_Gomorrah" title="Sodom and Gomorrah">Sodom and Gomorrah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zion" title="Zion">Zion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amon_of_Judah" title="Amon of Judah">Amon of Judah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherethites_and_Pelethites" title="Cherethites and Pelethites">Cherethites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judah_(son_of_Jacob)" title="Judah (son of Jacob)">Judah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hezekiah" title="Hezekiah">Hezekiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetragrammaton" title="Tetragrammaton">YHWH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josiah" title="Josiah">Josiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zephaniah" title="Zephaniah">Zephaniah</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Terms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Ammon" title="Ammon">Ammon</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sources</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/he:%D7%A6%D7%A4%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%93" class="extiw" title="wikisource:he:צפניה ניקוד">Hebrew Bible</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/el:%CE%A3%CE%BF%CF%86%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82" class="extiw" title="wikisource:el:Σοφονίας">Septuagint</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/la:Biblia_Sacra_Vulgata_(Stuttgartensia)/Sophonias" class="extiw" title="wikisource:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Sophonias">Latin Vulgate</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(Wycliffe)/Sofonye" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Bible (Wycliffe)/Sofonye">Wycliffe Version</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/Zephaniah" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Bible (King James)/Zephaniah">King James Version</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(American_Standard)/Zephaniah" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Bible (American Standard)/Zephaniah">American Standard Version</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(World_English)/Zephaniah" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Bible (World English)/Zephaniah">World English Version</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Books_of_the_Bible" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Books_of_the_Bible" title="Template:Books of the Bible"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Books_of_the_Bible" title="Template talk:Books of the Bible"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Books_of_the_Bible" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Books of the Bible"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Books_of_the_Bible" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Biblical_canon" title="Biblical canon">Books</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Bible</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Old_Testament" title="Old Testament">Old Testament</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hebrew_Bible" title="Hebrew Bible">Hebrew Bible</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Protocanonical_books" title="Protocanonical books">(protocanon)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Genesis" title="Book of Genesis">Genesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Exodus" title="Book of Exodus">Exodus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Leviticus" title="Book of Leviticus">Leviticus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Numbers" title="Book of Numbers">Numbers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Deuteronomy" title="Book of Deuteronomy">Deuteronomy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Joshua" title="Book of Joshua">Joshua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Judges" title="Book of Judges">Judges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Ruth" title="Book of Ruth">Ruth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Books_of_Samuel" title="Books of Samuel">1–2 Samuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Books_of_Kings" title="Books of Kings">1–2 Kings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Books_of_Chronicles" title="Books of Chronicles">1–2 Chronicles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Ezra" title="Book of Ezra">Ezra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Nehemiah" title="Book of Nehemiah">Nehemiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Esther" title="Book of Esther">Esther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Job" title="Book of Job">Job</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psalms" title="Psalms">Psalms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Proverbs" title="Book of Proverbs">Proverbs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastes" title="Ecclesiastes">Ecclesiastes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Song_of_Songs" title="Song of Songs">Song of Songs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Isaiah" title="Book of Isaiah">Isaiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Jeremiah" title="Book of Jeremiah">Jeremiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Lamentations" title="Book of Lamentations">Lamentations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Ezekiel" title="Book of Ezekiel">Ezekiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Daniel" title="Book of Daniel">Daniel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Hosea" title="Book of Hosea">Hosea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Joel" title="Book of Joel">Joel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Amos" title="Book of Amos">Amos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Obadiah" title="Book of Obadiah">Obadiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Jonah" title="Book of Jonah">Jonah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Micah" title="Book of Micah">Micah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Nahum" title="Book of Nahum">Nahum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Habakkuk" title="Book of Habakkuk">Habakkuk</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Zephaniah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Haggai" title="Book of Haggai">Haggai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Zechariah" title="Book of Zechariah">Zechariah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Malachi" title="Book of Malachi">Malachi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Deuterocanonical_books" title="Deuterocanonical books">Deuterocanon</a><br /> or <a href="/wiki/Biblical_apocrypha" title="Biblical apocrypha">apocrypha</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Bible" title="Catholic Bible">Catholic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern Orthodox</a> & others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Tobit" title="Book of Tobit">Tobit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Judith" title="Book of Judith">Judith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Esther#Additions_to_Esther" title="Book of Esther">Additions to Esther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1_Maccabees" title="1 Maccabees">1 Maccabees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2_Maccabees" title="2 Maccabees">2 Maccabees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Wisdom" title="Book of Wisdom">Wisdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Sirach" title="Book of Sirach">Sirach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Baruch" title="Book of Baruch">Baruch</a> / <a href="/wiki/Letter_of_Jeremiah" title="Letter of Jeremiah">Letter of Jeremiah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Additions_to_Daniel" title="Additions to Daniel">Additions to Daniel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Susanna_(Book_of_Daniel)" title="Susanna (Book of Daniel)">Susanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Prayer_of_Azariah_and_Song_of_the_Three_Holy_Children" class="mw-redirect" title="The Prayer of Azariah and Song of the Three Holy Children">Song of the Three Children</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bel_and_the_Dragon" title="Bel and the Dragon">Bel and the Dragon</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Eastern Orthodox & others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1_Esdras" title="1 Esdras">1 Esdras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2_Esdras" title="2 Esdras">2 Esdras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prayer_of_Manasseh" title="Prayer of Manasseh">Prayer of Manasseh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psalm_151" title="Psalm 151">Psalm 151</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3_Maccabees" title="3 Maccabees">3 Maccabees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4_Maccabees" title="4 Maccabees">4 Maccabees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Odes_(Bible)" title="Book of Odes (Bible)">Odes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Tewahedo" title="Orthodox Tewahedo">Orthodox Tewahedo</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Enoch" title="Book of Enoch">Enoch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Jubilees" title="Book of Jubilees">Jubilees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meqabyan" title="Meqabyan">1, 2, and 3 Meqabyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rest_of_the_Words_of_Baruch" title="Rest of the Words of Baruch">Paralipomena of Baruch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Tewahedo_biblical_canon#Broader_canon" title="Orthodox Tewahedo biblical canon">Broader canon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Syriac <a href="/wiki/Peshitta" title="Peshitta">Peshitta</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Psalms_152%E2%80%93155" title="Psalms 152–155">Psalms 152–155</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2_Baruch" title="2 Baruch">2 Baruch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Beta_Israel" title="Beta Israel">Beta Israel</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Testaments_of_the_Three_Patriarchs" title="Testaments of the Three Patriarchs">Testaments of the Three Patriarchs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Testament_of_Abraham" title="Testament of Abraham">Abraham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Testament_of_Isaac" title="Testament of Isaac">Isaac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Testament_of_Jacob" title="Testament of Jacob">Jacob</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/New_Testament" title="New Testament">New Testament</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/New_Testament_canon" class="mw-redirect" title="New Testament canon">Canon</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_Matthew" title="Gospel of Matthew">Matthew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_Mark" title="Gospel of Mark">Mark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_Luke" title="Gospel of Luke">Luke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_John" title="Gospel of John">John</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acts_of_the_Apostles" title="Acts of the Apostles">Acts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epistle_to_the_Romans" title="Epistle to the Romans">Romans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Epistle_to_the_Corinthians" title="First Epistle to the Corinthians">1 Corinthians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Epistle_to_the_Corinthians" title="Second Epistle to the Corinthians">2 Corinthians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epistle_to_the_Galatians" title="Epistle to the Galatians">Galatians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epistle_to_the_Ephesians" title="Epistle to the Ephesians">Ephesians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epistle_to_the_Philippians" title="Epistle to the Philippians">Philippians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epistle_to_the_Colossians" title="Epistle to the Colossians">Colossians</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Epistle_to_the_Laodiceans" title="Epistle to the Laodiceans">Laodiceans</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Epistle_to_the_Thessalonians" title="First Epistle to the Thessalonians">1 Thessalonians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Epistle_to_the_Thessalonians" title="Second Epistle to the Thessalonians">2 Thessalonians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Epistle_to_Timothy" title="First Epistle to Timothy">1 Timothy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Epistle_to_Timothy" title="Second Epistle to Timothy">2 Timothy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epistle_to_Titus" title="Epistle to Titus">Titus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epistle_to_Philemon" title="Epistle to Philemon">Philemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epistle_to_the_Hebrews" title="Epistle to the Hebrews">Hebrews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epistle_of_James" title="Epistle of James">James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Epistle_of_Peter" title="First Epistle of Peter">1 Peter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Epistle_of_Peter" title="Second Epistle of Peter">2 Peter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Epistle_of_John" title="First Epistle of John">1 John</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Epistle_of_John" title="Second Epistle of John">2 John</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Epistle_of_John" title="Third Epistle of John">3 John</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epistle_of_Jude" title="Epistle of Jude">Jude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Revelation" title="Book of Revelation">Revelation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Antilegomena" title="Antilegomena">Antilegomena</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acts_of_Paul" title="Acts of Paul">Acts of Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apocalypse_of_Peter" title="Apocalypse of Peter">Apocalypse of Peter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Didache" title="Didache">Didache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_the_Hebrews" title="Gospel of the Hebrews">Gospel of the Hebrews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epistle_of_Barnabas" title="Epistle of Barnabas">Epistle of Barnabas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Epistle_of_Clement" title="First Epistle of Clement">1 Clement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Epistle_of_Clement" title="Second Epistle of Clement">2 Clement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Epistle_to_the_Corinthians" title="Third Epistle to the Corinthians">3 Corinthians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shepherd_of_Hermas" class="mw-redirect" title="Shepherd of Hermas">Shepherd of Hermas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subdivisions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chapters_and_verses_of_the_Bible" title="Chapters and verses of the Bible">Chapters and verses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torah#Pentateuch" title="Torah">Pentateuch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_books" title="Historical books">Historical books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisdom_literature#Sapiential_Books" title="Wisdom literature">Wisdom books</a> (<a href="/wiki/Poetic_Books" title="Poetic Books">Poetic Books</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prophetic_books" title="Prophetic books">Prophetic books</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Major_prophet" title="Major prophet">Major prophets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelve_Minor_Prophets" title="Twelve Minor Prophets">Minor prophets</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel">Gospels</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Gospels" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Gospels">List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synoptic_Gospels" title="Synoptic Gospels">Synoptic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epistle" title="Epistle">Epistles</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pauline_epistles" title="Pauline epistles">Pauline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannine_epistles" title="Johannine epistles">Johannine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastoral_epistles" title="Pastoral epistles">Pastoral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_epistles" title="Catholic epistles">Catholic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apocalyptic_literature" title="Apocalyptic literature">Apocalyptic literature</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Development</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Authorship_of_the_Bible" title="Authorship of the Bible">Authorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Development_of_the_Hebrew_Bible_canon" title="Development of the Hebrew Bible canon">Jewish canon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intertestamental_period" title="Intertestamental period">Intertestamental period</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Development_of_the_Christian_biblical_canon" class="mw-redirect" title="Development of the Christian biblical canon">Christian canon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Development_of_the_Old_Testament_canon" title="Development of the Old Testament canon">Old Testament canon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Development_of_the_New_Testament_canon" title="Development of the New Testament canon">New Testament canon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antilegomena" title="Antilegomena">Antilegomena</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biblical_apocrypha" title="Biblical apocrypha">Apocrypha</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_apocrypha" title="Jewish apocrypha">Jewish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biblical_apocrypha" title="Biblical apocrypha">Old Testament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Testament_apocrypha" title="New Testament apocrypha">New Testament</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudepigrapha" title="Pseudepigrapha">Pseudepigrapha</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Old_Testament_pseudepigrapha" title="List of Old Testament pseudepigrapha">Old Testament</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dating_the_Bible" title="Dating the Bible">Dating the Bible</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Biblical_manuscript" title="Biblical manuscript">Manuscripts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dead_Sea_Scrolls" title="Dead Sea Scrolls">Dead Sea Scrolls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samaritan_Pentateuch" title="Samaritan Pentateuch">Samaritan Pentateuch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Septuagint" title="Septuagint">Septuagint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Targum" title="Targum">Targum</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Diatessaron" title="Diatessaron">Diatessaron</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muratorian_fragment" title="Muratorian fragment">Muratorian fragment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peshitta" title="Peshitta">Peshitta</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vetus_Latina" title="Vetus Latina">Vetus Latina</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulgate" title="Vulgate">Vulgate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masoretic_Text" title="Masoretic Text">Masoretic Text</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Categories_of_New_Testament_manuscripts" title="Categories of New Testament manuscripts">New Testament manuscript categories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_Testament_papyri" title="List of New Testament papyri">New Testament papyri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_Testament_uncials" title="List of New Testament uncials">New Testament uncials</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bible_version_debate" title="Bible version debate">Bible version debate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_English_Bible_translations" title="List of English Bible translations">English Bible translations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-canonical_books_referenced_in_the_Bible" title="Non-canonical books referenced in the Bible">Other books referenced in the Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_religious_texts#Christianity" title="List of religious texts">Additional Scriptures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biblical_studies" title="Biblical studies">Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biblical_and_Quranic_narratives" class="mw-redirect" title="Biblical and Quranic narratives">Biblical and Quranic narratives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synod_of_Hippo" title="Synod of Hippo">Synod of Hippo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textual_criticism" title="Textual criticism">Textual criticism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Bible" title="Category:Bible">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Bible" title="Portal:Bible">Portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Bible" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Bible">WikiProject</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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