CINXE.COM

兀賳卮卅 丨爻丕亘賸丕 - 袙懈泻懈锌械写懈

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref--excluded vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-not-available" lang="ar" dir="rtl"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>兀賳卮卅 丨爻丕亘賸丕 - 袙懈泻懈锌械写懈</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref--excluded vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-not-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )cewikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":true,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[".\t,","佾\t佻"],"wgDigitTransformTable":[ "0\t1\t2\t3\t4\t5\t6\t7\t8\t9","贍\t佟\t佗\t伲\t伽\t佶\t佴\t侑\t侉\t侃"],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","賷賳丕賷乇","賮亘乇丕賷乇","賲丕乇爻","兀亘乇賷賱","賲丕賷賵","賷賵賳賷賵","賷賵賱賷賵","兀睾爻胤爻","爻亘鬲賲亘乇","兀賰鬲賵亘乇","賳賵賮賲亘乇","丿賷爻賲亘乇"],"wgRequestId":"5460a94c-ac85-4c94-878a-2e6f18316912","wgCanonicalNamespace":"Special","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":"CreateAccount","wgNamespaceNumber":-1,"wgPageName":"袚觻懈褉褋:袣褏芯谢谢邪_写械泻褗邪褕褏芯褔褍薪_写觻邪褟蟹写邪褉","wgTitle":"袣褏芯谢谢邪 写械泻褗邪褕褏芯褔褍薪 写觻邪褟蟹写邪褉","wgCurRevisionId":0,"wgRevisionId":0,"wgArticleId":0,"wgIsArticle":false,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":[],"wgPageViewLanguage":"ar","wgPageContentLanguage":"ar","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"袚觻懈褉褋:袣褏芯谢谢邪_写械泻褗邪褕褏芯褔褍薪_写觻邪褟蟹写邪褉","wgRelevantArticleId":0,"wgIsProbablyEditable":false, "wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":false,"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"accuracy":{"levels":3}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"ar","pageLanguageDir":"rtl","pageVariantFallbacks":"ar"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":0,"confirmemail":true,"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":true,"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false,"wgSiteNoticeId":"2.0"};RLSTATE={"user.options":"loading", "ext.growthExperiments.Account.styles":"ready","mediawiki.special.userlogin.common.styles":"ready","mediawiki.special.userlogin.signup.styles":"ready","mediawiki.htmlform.codex.styles":"ready","mediawiki.htmlform.styles":"ready","codex-styles":"ready","ext.confirmEdit.fancyCaptcha.styles":"ready","oojs-ui.styles.icons-user":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready","ext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.growthExperiments.Account","mediawiki.special.createaccount","mediawiki.htmlform","ext.confirmEdit.fancyCaptcha","mediawiki.page.ready","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth", "ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.dismissableSiteNotice"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=ar&amp;modules=codex-styles%7Cext.confirmEdit.fancyCaptcha.styles%7Cext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles%7Cext.growthExperiments.Account.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cmediawiki.htmlform.codex.styles%7Cmediawiki.htmlform.styles%7Cmediawiki.special.userlogin.common.styles%7Cmediawiki.special.userlogin.signup.styles%7Coojs-ui.styles.icons-user%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles&amp;only=styles&amp;skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=ar&amp;modules=startup&amp;only=scripts&amp;raw=1&amp;safemode=1&amp;skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow,max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="兀賳卮卅 丨爻丕亘賸丕 - 袙懈泻懈锌械写懈"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//ce.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:%D0%9A%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%87%D1%83%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="袙懈泻懈锌械写懈 (ce)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//ce.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?returnto=%D0%93%D1%83%D1%8C%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82&amp;title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:%D0%9A%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%87%D1%83%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80&amp;uselang=ar"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ce"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="鬲賱賯賷賲丞 兀鬲賵賲 袙懈泻懈锌械写懈" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88&amp;feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki rtl sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns--1 ns-special mw-special-CreateAccount page-袚觻懈褉褋_袣褏芯谢谢邪_写械泻褗邪褕褏芯褔褍薪_写觻邪褟蟹写邪褉 rootpage-袚觻懈褉褋_袣褏芯谢谢邪_写械泻褗邪褕褏芯褔褍薪_写觻邪褟蟹写邪褉 skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">丕賳鬲賯賱 廿賱賶 丕賱賲丨鬲賵賶</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="丕賱賲賵賯毓"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" lang="ar" dir="rtl"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="丕賱賯丕卅賲丞 丕賱乇卅賷爻賷丞" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">丕賱賯丕卅賲丞 丕賱乇卅賷爻賷丞</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">丕賱賯丕卅賲丞 丕賱乇卅賷爻賷丞</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">丕賳賯賱 賱賱卮乇賷胤 丕賱噩丕賳亘賷</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">兀禺賮</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" lang="ar" dir="rtl"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 鬲氐賮丨 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%8C%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%B3%D3%80%D0%BE" title="夭乇 丕賱氐賮丨丞 丕賱乇卅賷爻丞 [z]" accesskey="z"><span>丕賱氐賮丨丞 丕賱乇卅賷爻賷丞</span></a></li><li id="n-browse" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D1%86%D0%B0_%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80" title="袣邪褌械谐芯褉械褕褑邪 谢邪褏邪褉"><span>Category tree</span></a></li><li id="n-index" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8:%D0%AD%D0%BB%D0%BF%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%86%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80"><span>A-Z Index</span></a></li><li id="n-featured" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8:%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%8C%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B9%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88"><span>Featured content</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%83%D1%83%D1%88_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B9%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%B3I%D0%BE" title="丨賲賱 氐賮丨丞 毓卮賵丕卅賷丞 [x]" accesskey="x"><span>氐賮丨丞 毓卮賵丕卅賷丞</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B2:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88" title="賲胤丕賱毓丞 爻乇賷毓丞 賱兀賴賲 丕賱兀丨丿丕孬 丕賱噩丕乇賷丞"><span>丕賱兀丨丿丕孬 丕賱噩丕乇賷丞</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-participation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-participation" lang="ar" dir="rtl"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 袛邪泻褗邪谢邪褑邪褉 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-1000" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8:%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BE_%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%8C_%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%B3%D3%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%88"><span>1000 邪谐觻芯</span></a></li><li id="n-bug_in_article" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8:%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%88_%D0%BE%D1%86%D1%83_%D0%B3l%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%85"><span>Error report</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8:%D0%99%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2" title="丨賵賱 丕賱賲卮乇賵毓貙 賲丕匕丕 賷賲賰賳 兀賳 鬲賮毓賱貙 兀賷賳 賷賲賰賳 兀賳 鬲噩丿 賲丕 鬲丨鬲丕噩賴"><span>亘賵丕亘丞 丕賱賲噩鬲賲毓</span></a></li><li id="n-forum" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8:%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BC" title="袙懈泻懈锌械写懈泄薪 写械泻褗邪褕褏芯泄薪 褎芯褉褍屑"><span>Forum</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%88" title="賯丕卅賲丞 兀丨丿孬 丕賱鬲睾賷賷乇丕鬲 賮賷 丕賱賵賷賰賷. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>兀丨丿孬 丕賱鬲睾賷賷乇丕鬲</span></a></li><li id="n-newpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:%D0%9A%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%B3%D3%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%88"><span>氐賮丨丕鬲 噩丿賷丿丞</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8:%D0%93%D3%80%D0%BE" title="丨賷孬 鬲噩丿 丕賱賲爻丕毓丿丞"><span>賲爻丕毓丿丞</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-lang" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" lang="ar" dir="rtl"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 亘賱睾丕鬲 兀禺乇賶 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="uls-after-portlet-link"></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%8C%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%B3%D3%80%D0%BE" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="袙懈泻懈锌械写懈" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-ce.svg" style="width: 7.375em; height: 1.3125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-ce.svg" width="118" height="13" style="width: 7.375em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:%D0%9B%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="丕亘丨孬 賮賷 袙懈泻懈锌械写懈 [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>亘丨孬</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="丕亘丨孬 賮賷 袙懈泻懈锌械写懈" aria-label="丕亘丨孬 賮賷 袙懈泻懈锌械写懈" autocapitalize="sentences" title="丕亘丨孬 賮賷 袙懈泻懈锌械写懈 [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="袚觻懈褉褋:袥邪褏邪褉"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">亘丨孬</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="兀丿賵丕鬲 卮禺氐賷丞"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" lang="ar" dir="rtl"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" lang="ar" dir="rtl"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="丕賱賲馗賴乇"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="鬲睾賷賷乇 賲馗賴乇 丕賱氐賮丨丞貙 丨噩賲 丕賱禺胤貙 丕賱毓乇囟 賵丕賱賱賵賳" lang="ar" dir="rtl"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="丕賱賲馗賴乇" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">丕賱賲馗賴乇</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" lang="ar" dir="rtl"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" lang="ar" dir="rtl"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=spontaneous&amp;uselang=ar" class=""><span>鬲亘乇毓</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item active user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:%D0%9A%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%87%D1%83%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80&amp;returnto=%D0%93%D1%83%D1%8C%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82&amp;returntoquery=uselang%3Dar" title="賳卮噩毓賰 毓賱賶 毓賲賱 丨爻丕亘 賵鬲爻噩賷賱 丿禺賵賱賰貨 賱賰賳賴 睾賷乇 囟乇賵乇賷 毓賱賶 丕賷 丨丕賱" class=""><span>廿賳卮丕亍 丨爻丕亘</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:%D0%A7%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80&amp;returnto=%D0%93%D1%83%D1%8C%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82&amp;returntoquery=uselang%3Dar" title="賷賮囟賱 兀賳 鬲爻噩賱 丕賱丿禺賵賱貙 賱賰賳賴 賱賷爻 廿賱夭丕賲賷丕. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>丿禺賵賱</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="丕賱賲夭賷丿 賲賳 丕賱禺賷丕乇丕鬲" lang="ar" dir="rtl"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="兀丿賵丕鬲 卮禺氐賷丞" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">兀丿賵丕鬲 卮禺氐賷丞</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="賯丕卅賲丞 丕賱賲爻鬲禺丿賲" lang="ar" dir="rtl"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=spontaneous&amp;uselang=ar"><span>鬲亘乇毓</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item active"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:%D0%9A%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%87%D1%83%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80&amp;returnto=%D0%93%D1%83%D1%8C%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82&amp;returntoquery=uselang%3Dar" title="賳卮噩毓賰 毓賱賶 毓賲賱 丨爻丕亘 賵鬲爻噩賷賱 丿禺賵賱賰貨 賱賰賳賴 睾賷乇 囟乇賵乇賷 毓賱賶 丕賷 丨丕賱"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>廿賳卮丕亍 丨爻丕亘</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:%D0%A7%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80&amp;returnto=%D0%93%D1%83%D1%8C%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82&amp;returntoquery=uselang%3Dar" title="賷賮囟賱 兀賳 鬲爻噩賱 丕賱丿禺賵賱貙 賱賰賳賴 賱賷爻 廿賱夭丕賲賷丕. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>丿禺賵賱</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" lang="ar" dir="rtl"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 氐賮丨丕鬲 賱賱賲丨乇乇賷賳 丕賱匕賷賳 爻噩賻賾賱賵丕 禺乇賵噩賴賲 <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D3%80%D0%BE:%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A9" aria-label="鬲毓賱賻賾賲 丕賱賲夭賷丿 亘禺氐賵氐 丕賱鬲丨乇賷乇"><span>鬲毓賱賻賾賲 丕賱賲夭賷丿</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%85%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="賯丕卅賲丞 亘鬲毓丿賷賱丕鬲 賯丕賲 亘賴丕 毓賳賵丕賳 丕賱丌賷 亘賷 [y]" accesskey="y"><span>賲爻丕賴賲丕鬲</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5" title="賳賯丕卮 丨賵賱 丕賱鬲毓丿賷賱丕鬲 賲賳 毓賳賵丕賳 丕賱兀賷亘賷 賴匕丕 [n]" accesskey="n"><span>賳賯丕卮</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><div id="mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace"></div><script>(function(){var node=document.getElementById("mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace");if(node){node.outerHTML="\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-close\"\u003E[\u003Ca tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"\u003E兀睾賱賯\u003C/a\u003E]\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-body\"\u003E\u003C!-- CentralNotice --\u003E\u003Cdiv id=\"localNotice\" data-nosnippet=\"\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"anonnotice\" lang=\"ce\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003E\u003Cp class=\"mw-empty-elt\"\u003E\u003C/p\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="丕賱賲賵賯毓"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading" lang="ar" dir="rtl">兀賳卮卅 丨爻丕亘賸丕</h1> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="賳胤丕賯丕鬲"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages emptyPortlet" lang="ar" dir="rtl"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" lang="ar" dir="rtl"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="睾賷賾乇 賱賴噩丞 丕賱賱睾丞" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">丕賱毓乇亘賷丞</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" lang="ar" dir="rtl"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="賲毓丕賷賳丞"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views emptyPortlet" lang="ar" dir="rtl"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="兀丿賵丕鬲 丕賱氐賮丨丞"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" lang="ar" dir="rtl"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="兀丿賵丕鬲" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">兀丿賵丕鬲</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">兀丿賵丕鬲</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">丕賳賯賱 賱賱卮乇賷胤 丕賱噩丕賳亘賷</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">兀禺賮</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet" title="丕賱賲夭賷丿 賲賳 丕賱禺賷丕乇丕鬲" lang="ar" dir="rtl"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 廿噩乇丕亍丕鬲 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" lang="ar" dir="rtl"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 毓丕賲 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:%D0%9B%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%B3%D3%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%88" title="賯丕卅賲丞 亘賰賱 丕賱氐賮丨丕鬲 丕賱禺丕氐丞 [q]" accesskey="q"><span>丕賱氐賮丨丕鬲 丕賱禺丕氐丞</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="賳爻禺丞 賱賱胤亘丕毓丞 賱賴匕賴 丕賱氐賮丨丞 [p]" accesskey="p"><span>賳爻禺丞 賱賱胤亘丕毓丞</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:UrlShortener&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fce.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3D%25D0%2593%25D3%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%2580%25D1%2581%3A%25D0%259A%25D1%2585%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0_%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BA%25D1%258A%25D0%25B0%25D1%2588%25D1%2585%25D0%25BE%25D1%2587%25D1%2583%25D0%25BD_%25D0%25B4%25D3%2580%25D0%25B0%25D1%258F%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%26returnto%3D%25D0%2593%25D1%2583%25D1%258C%25D1%2580%25D0%25B6%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B9%25D0%25BD%2B%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BE%25D1%2582%25D1%2582%26uselang%3Dar"><span>丕丨氐賱 毓賱賶 賲爻丕乇 賲禺鬲氐乇</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:QrCode&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fce.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3D%25D0%2593%25D3%2580%25D0%25B8%25D1%2580%25D1%2581%3A%25D0%259A%25D1%2585%25D0%25BE%25D0%25BB%25D0%25BB%25D0%25B0_%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B5%25D0%25BA%25D1%258A%25D0%25B0%25D1%2588%25D1%2585%25D0%25BE%25D1%2587%25D1%2583%25D0%25BD_%25D0%25B4%25D3%2580%25D0%25B0%25D1%258F%25D0%25B7%25D0%25B4%25D0%25B0%25D1%2580%26returnto%3D%25D0%2593%25D1%2583%25D1%258C%25D1%2580%25D0%25B6%25D0%25B8%25D0%25B9%25D0%25BD%2B%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BE%25D1%2582%25D1%2582%26uselang%3Dar"><span>鬲賳夭賷賱 乇賲夭 丕賱丕爻鬲噩丕亘丞 丕賱爻乇賷毓丞</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects emptyPortlet" lang="ar" dir="rtl"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 賮賷 賲卮丕乇賷毓 兀禺乇賶 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="兀丿賵丕鬲 丕賱氐賮丨丞"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="丕賱賲馗賴乇"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">丕賱賲馗賴乇</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">丕賳賯賱 賱賱卮乇賷胤 丕賱噩丕賳亘賷</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">兀禺賮</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> </div> <div id="contentSub" lang="ar" dir="rtl"><div id="mw-content-subtitle" lang="ar" dir="rtl"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div id="languagelinks"><p>丕賱賱睾丞: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:%D0%9A%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%87%D1%83%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80&amp;uselang=ce&amp;returnto=%D0%93%D1%83%D1%8C%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82" class="mw-authentication-popup-link" title="袚觻懈褉褋:袣褏芯谢谢邪 写械泻褗邪褕褏芯褔褍薪 写觻邪褟蟹写邪褉" hreflang="ce" lang="ce">袧芯褏褔懈泄薪</a> | 丕賱毓乇亘賷丞 | <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:%D0%9A%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%87%D1%83%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80&amp;uselang=de&amp;returnto=%D0%93%D1%83%D1%8C%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82" class="mw-authentication-popup-link" title="袚觻懈褉褋:袣褏芯谢谢邪 写械泻褗邪褕褏芯褔褍薪 写觻邪褟蟹写邪褉" hreflang="de" lang="de">Deutsch</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:%D0%9A%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%87%D1%83%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80&amp;uselang=en&amp;returnto=%D0%93%D1%83%D1%8C%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82" class="mw-authentication-popup-link" title="袚觻懈褉褋:袣褏芯谢谢邪 写械泻褗邪褕褏芯褔褍薪 写觻邪褟蟹写邪褉" hreflang="en" lang="en">English</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:%D0%9A%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%87%D1%83%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80&amp;uselang=eo&amp;returnto=%D0%93%D1%83%D1%8C%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82" class="mw-authentication-popup-link" title="袚觻懈褉褋:袣褏芯谢谢邪 写械泻褗邪褕褏芯褔褍薪 写觻邪褟蟹写邪褉" hreflang="eo" lang="eo">Esperanto</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:%D0%9A%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%87%D1%83%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80&amp;uselang=fr&amp;returnto=%D0%93%D1%83%D1%8C%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82" class="mw-authentication-popup-link" title="袚觻懈褉褋:袣褏芯谢谢邪 写械泻褗邪褕褏芯褔褍薪 写觻邪褟蟹写邪褉" hreflang="fr" lang="fr">Fran莽ais</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:%D0%9A%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%87%D1%83%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80&amp;uselang=es&amp;returnto=%D0%93%D1%83%D1%8C%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82" class="mw-authentication-popup-link" title="袚觻懈褉褋:袣褏芯谢谢邪 写械泻褗邪褕褏芯褔褍薪 写觻邪褟蟹写邪褉" hreflang="es" lang="es">Espa帽ol</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:%D0%9A%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%87%D1%83%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80&amp;uselang=it&amp;returnto=%D0%93%D1%83%D1%8C%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82" class="mw-authentication-popup-link" title="袚觻懈褉褋:袣褏芯谢谢邪 写械泻褗邪褕褏芯褔褍薪 写觻邪褟蟹写邪褉" hreflang="it" lang="it">Italiano</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:%D0%9A%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%87%D1%83%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80&amp;uselang=nl&amp;returnto=%D0%93%D1%83%D1%8C%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82" class="mw-authentication-popup-link" title="袚觻懈褉褋:袣褏芯谢谢邪 写械泻褗邪褕褏芯褔褍薪 写觻邪褟蟹写邪褉" hreflang="nl" lang="nl">Nederlands</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:%D0%9A%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%87%D1%83%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80&amp;uselang=av&amp;returnto=%D0%93%D1%83%D1%8C%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82" class="mw-authentication-popup-link" title="袚觻懈褉褋:袣褏芯谢谢邪 写械泻褗邪褕褏芯褔褍薪 写觻邪褟蟹写邪褉" hreflang="av" lang="av">袦邪谐觻邪褉褍谢</a></p></div><div class="mw-ui-container"><div id="userloginForm"><form class="mw-htmlform mw-htmlform-codex" action="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:%D0%9A%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%87%D1%83%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80&amp;uselang=ar&amp;returnto=%D0%93%D1%83%D1%8C%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82" method="post" id="userlogin2" name="userlogin2"><input type="hidden" value="袚觻懈褉褋:袣褏芯谢谢邪 写械泻褗邪褕褏芯褔褍薪 写觻邪褟蟹写邪褉" name="title"> <div class="mw-htmlform-field-HTMLTextField loginText mw-userlogin-username cdx-field"><div class="cdx-label"><label class="cdx-label__label" for="wpName2"><span class="cdx-label__label__text">丕爻賲 丕賱賲爻鬲禺丿賲<span class="mw-login-flush-right"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8:%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%86%D3%80%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%88&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="袙懈泻懈锌械写懈:袛械泻褗邪褕褏芯泄薪 褑觻械褉褕 (懈褕褌褌邪 邪谐觻芯 泄芯褑褍褕 泄褍)">(爻丕毓丿賳賷 賮賷 丕賱丕禺鬲賷丕乇)</a></span></span></label></div><div class="cdx-field__control"><div class="cdx-text-input"><input id="wpName2" name="wpName" size="20" placeholder="兀丿禺賱 丕爻賲 丕賱賲爻鬲禺丿賲 丕賱禺丕氐 亘賰" class="loginText mw-userlogin-username cdx-text-input__input" tabindex="1" required="" autocomplete="username"></div></div></div><div class="mw-htmlform-field-HTMLTextField loginPassword mw-userlogin-password cdx-field"><div class="cdx-label"><label class="cdx-label__label" for="wpPassword2"><span class="cdx-label__label__text">賰賱賲丞 丕賱爻乇</span></label></div><div class="cdx-field__control cdx-field__control--has-help-text"><div class="cdx-text-input"><input id="wpPassword2" name="wpPassword" size="20" placeholder="兀丿禺賱 賰賱賲丞 丕賱爻乇" class="loginPassword mw-userlogin-password cdx-text-input__input" tabindex="2" required="" autocomplete="new-password" type="password"></div></div><div class="cdx-field__help-text htmlform-tip">賳賳氐丨賰 兀賳 鬲爻鬲禺丿賲 賰賱賲丞 爻乇 賮乇賷丿丞 賱丕 鬲爻鬲禺丿賲賴丕 毓賱賶 兀賷 賲賵賯毓 卮亘賰賷 丌禺乇.</div></div><div class="mw-htmlform-field-HTMLTextField loginPassword cdx-field"><div class="cdx-label"><label class="cdx-label__label" for="wpRetype"><span class="cdx-label__label__text">兀賰丿 賰賱賲丞 丕賱爻乇</span></label></div><div class="cdx-field__control"><div class="cdx-text-input"><input id="wpRetype" name="retype" size="20" placeholder="兀丿禺賱 賰賱賲丞 丕賱賲乇賵乇 賲乇丞 兀禺乇賶" class="loginPassword cdx-text-input__input" tabindex="3" required="" autocomplete="new-password" type="password"></div></div></div><div class="mw-htmlform-field-HTMLTextField loginText cdx-field"><div class="cdx-label"><label class="cdx-label__label" for="wpEmail"><span class="cdx-label__label__text">毓賳賵丕賳 丕賱亘乇賷丿 丕賱廿賱賰鬲乇賵賳賷 (賲爻鬲丨爻賳)</span></label></div><div class="cdx-field__control cdx-field__control--has-help-text"><div class="cdx-text-input"><input id="wpEmail" name="email" size="20" placeholder="兀丿禺賱 毓賳賵丕賳 亘乇賷丿賰 丕賱廿賱賰鬲乇賵賳賷" class="loginText cdx-text-input__input" maxlength="255" tabindex="4" autocomplete="email" type="email"></div></div><div class="cdx-field__help-text htmlform-tip">丕賱亘乇賷丿 丕賱廿賱賰鬲乇賵賳賷 賲胤賱賵亘 賱丕爻鬲毓丕丿丞 丨爻丕亘賰 廿匕丕 賮賯丿鬲 賰賱賲丞 賲乇賵乇賰.</div></div><div class="mw-htmlform-field-HTMLFancyCaptchaField mw-ge-confirmemail-captcha cdx-field"><div class="cdx-label"><label class="cdx-label__label" for="mw-input-captchaWord"><span class="cdx-label__label__text">賰丕亘鬲卮丕 鬲丨賯賯 兀賲賳賷</span></label></div><div class="cdx-field__control"><div class="fancycaptcha-captcha-container"><div class="fancycaptcha-captcha-and-reload"><div class="fancycaptcha-image-container"><img class="fancycaptcha-image" src="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:Captcha/image&amp;wpCaptchaId=864738554" alt=""><small class="confirmedit-captcha-reload fancycaptcha-reload">鬲丨丿賷孬</small></div></div> <div class="cdx-text-input"><input id="mw-input-captchaWord" name="captchaWord" class="cdx-text-input__input" size="12" autocomplete="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off" placeholder="兀丿禺賱 丕賱賳氐 丕賱匕賷 鬲乇丕賴 賮賷 丕賱氐賵乇丞" tabindex="6" required=""></div><small class="mw-createacct-captcha-assisted">賱丕 鬲爻鬲胤賷毓 乇丐賷丞 丕賱氐賵乇丞責 <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8:%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%B9%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="袙懈泻懈锌械写懈:袗泻泻邪褍薪褌 泄械褏邪 (懈褕褌褌邪 邪谐觻芯 泄芯褑褍褕 泄褍)">丕胤賱亘 丨爻丕亘丕</a></small></div></div></div><div class="mw-htmlform-field-HTMLSubmitField cdx-field"><div class="cdx-field__control"><button class="mw-htmlform-submit cdx-button cdx-button--weight-primary cdx-button--action-progressive" id="wpCreateaccount" type="submit" name="wpCreateaccount" value="丕賮鬲丨 丕賱丨爻丕亘" tabindex="10">丕賮鬲丨 丕賱丨爻丕亘</button></div></div><input id="wpEditToken" type="hidden" value="+\" name="wpEditToken"> <input name="authAction" type="hidden" value="create"> <input name="force" type="hidden"> <input name="wpCreateaccountToken" type="hidden" value="717905cb96742af3f2f864c5fa3c3fa86747b8de+\"> <input id="mw-input-captchaId" name="captchaId" type="hidden" value="864738554"> <input id="mw-input-campaign" name="campaign" type="hidden"> <input id="mw-input-geEnabled" name="geEnabled" type="hidden" value="-1"> <input id="mw-input-forceMentor" name="forceMentor" type="hidden"> </form></div><div class="mw-createacct-benefits-container"><div class="mw-createacct-benefits-heading">賵賷賰賷賲賷丿賷丕 賰賵賲賳夭 賲賵賯毓 賷爻丕賴賲 賮賷賴 兀卮禺丕氐 賲孬賱賰.</div><div class="mw-createacct-benefits-list"><div class="mw-number-text icon-edits"><span>佟贍佻伽伽侉佻伽佶侃</span><p>鬲丨乇賷乇丕鬲</p></div><div class="mw-number-text icon-pages"><span>佴贍佟佻伽贍佶</span><p>賲賯丕賱丞</p></div><div class="mw-number-text icon-contributors"><span>伽伲</span><p>丌禺乇 賲爻丕賴賲賷賳</p></div></div></div></div><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="" lang="ar" dir="rtl">賲噩賱賵亘丞 賲賳 芦<a dir="ltr" href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/袚觻懈褉褋:袣褏芯谢谢邪_写械泻褗邪褕褏芯褔褍薪_写觻邪褟蟹写邪褉">https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/袚觻懈褉褋:袣褏芯谢谢邪_写械泻褗邪褕褏芯褔褍薪_写觻邪褟蟹写邪褉</a>禄</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks catlinks-allhidden" data-mw="interface"></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" lang="ar" dir="rtl"> <ul id="footer-info"> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy/ru">爻賷丕爻丞 丕賱禺氐賵氐賷丞</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8:%D0%A6%D1%83%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%85_%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%8C%D1%86%D0%BD%D0%B0">丨賵賱 袙懈泻懈锌械写懈</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8:%D0%96%D0%BE%D1%8C%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D1%82%D3%80%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80">廿禺賱丕亍 賲爻丐賵賱賷丞</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">丕賱賯賵丕毓丿 丕賱爻賱賵賰賷丞</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">賲胤賵乇賵賳</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/ce.wikipedia.org">廿丨氐丕卅賷丕鬲</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">亘賷丕賳 鬲毓乇賷賮 丕賱丕乇鬲亘丕胤丕鬲</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//ce.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D3%80%D0%B8%D1%80%D1%81:%D0%9A%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%85%D0%BE%D1%87%D1%83%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%8F%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80&amp;returnto=%D0%93%D1%83%D1%8C%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%82&amp;uselang=ar&amp;mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">賳爻禺丞 賱賱兀噩賴夭丞 丕賱賲丨賲賵賱丞</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-57488d5c7d-wpj67","wgBackendResponseTime":141});});</script> </body> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10