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</button> <ul id="toc-Context_and_overview-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Characters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Characters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Characters</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Characters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Contents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Contents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Contents</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Contents-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Contents subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Contents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Volsung's_ancestors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Volsung's_ancestors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Volsung's ancestors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Volsung's_ancestors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_life_of_king_Völsung" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_life_of_king_Völsung"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>The life of king Völsung</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_life_of_king_Völsung-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_war_against_Siggeir" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_war_against_Siggeir"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>The war against Siggeir</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_war_against_Siggeir-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sigurd_and_his_foster_family" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sigurd_and_his_foster_family"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Sigurd and his foster family</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sigurd_and_his_foster_family-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sigurd_and_the_Gjukingar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sigurd_and_the_Gjukingar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Sigurd and the Gjukingar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sigurd_and_the_Gjukingar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Guðrún_and_the_Budlingar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Guðrún_and_the_Budlingar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Guðrún and the Budlingar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Guðrún_and_the_Budlingar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Guðrún's_last_marriage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Guðrún's_last_marriage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>Guðrún's last marriage</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Guðrún's_last_marriage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Themes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Themes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Themes</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Themes-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Themes subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Themes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Odin_and_the_supernatural" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Odin_and_the_supernatural"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Odin and the supernatural</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Odin_and_the_supernatural-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_ring_Andvaranaut" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_ring_Andvaranaut"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>The ring Andvaranaut</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_ring_Andvaranaut-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Adaptations_and_related_works" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Adaptations_and_related_works"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Adaptations and related works</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Adaptations_and_related_works-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Editions_and_translations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Editions_and_translations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Editions and translations</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Editions_and_translations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Editions and translations subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Editions_and_translations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Editions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Editions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Editions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Editions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-English_translations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#English_translations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>English translations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-English_translations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_translations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_translations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Other translations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_translations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literary_retellings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literary_retellings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Literary retellings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literary_retellings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Additional_literature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Additional_literature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Additional literature</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Additional_literature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Völsunga saga</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 28 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-28" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">28 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%B6lsunga_saga" title="Völsunga saga – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Völsunga saga" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saga_v%C3%B6lsunga" title="Saga völsunga – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Saga völsunga" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A1ga_o_V%C3%B8lsunz%C3%ADch" title="Sága o Vølsunzích – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Sága o Vølsunzích" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%B8lsunga_saga" title="Vølsunga saga – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Vølsunga saga" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%B6lsunga_saga" title="Völsunga saga – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Völsunga saga" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saga_v%C3%B6lsunga" title="Saga völsunga – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Saga völsunga" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volsunga_sagao" title="Volsunga sagao – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Volsunga sagao" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volsunga_saga" title="Volsunga saga – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Volsunga saga" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%A7_%D8%B3%D8%A7%DA%AF%D8%A7" title="ولسونگا ساگا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ولسونگا ساگا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%B6lsunga_saga" title="Völsunga saga – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Völsunga saga" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%B6lsunga_saga" title="Völsunga saga – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Völsunga saga" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saga_V%C3%B6lsunga" title="Saga Völsunga – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Saga Völsunga" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B3%BC%EC%88%AD_%EC%9D%BC%EC%A1%B1%EC%9D%98_%EC%82%AC%EA%B0%80" title="볼숭 일족의 사가 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="볼숭 일족의 사가" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8E%D5%B5%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%BD%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%A3%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AB_%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%A1" title="Վյոլսունգների սագա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Վյոլսունգների սագա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%B6lsunga_saga" title="Völsunga saga – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Völsunga saga" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saga_dei_V%C3%B6lsungar" title="Saga dei Völsungar – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Saga dei Völsungar" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volsungos_saga" title="Volsungos saga – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Volsungos saga" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%B6lsunga_saga" title="Völsunga saga – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Völsunga saga" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%B6lsunga-saga" title="Völsunga-saga – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Völsunga-saga" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A9%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B9%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AC%E3%83%BB%E3%82%B5%E3%82%AC" title="ヴォルスンガ・サガ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヴォルスンガ・サガ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volsungesaga" title="Volsungesaga – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Volsungesaga" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volsungesoga" title="Volsungesoga – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Volsungesoga" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saga_rodu_W%C3%B6lsung%C3%B3w" title="Saga rodu Wölsungów – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Saga rodu Wölsungów" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saga_dos_Volsungos" title="Saga dos Volsungos – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Saga dos Volsungos" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D0%BE_%D0%92%D1%91%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%85" title="Сага о Вёльсунгах – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сага о Вёльсунгах" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%B6lsunga-saaga" title="Völsunga-saaga – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Völsunga-saaga" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%B6lsungasagan" title="Völsungasagan – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Völsungasagan" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D1%83%D0%BD%D2%91%D1%96%D0%B2" title="Сага про Вельсунґів – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сага про Вельсунґів" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q733340#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Sigurd.svg/350px-Sigurd.svg.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Sigurd.svg/525px-Sigurd.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Sigurd.svg/700px-Sigurd.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1535" data-file-height="715" /></a><figcaption>Drawing of the <a href="/wiki/Ramsund_carving" class="mw-redirect" title="Ramsund carving">Ramsund carving</a> from <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1030</span>, illustrating the <i>Völsunga saga</i> on a rock in <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>. At (1), <a href="/wiki/Sigurd" title="Sigurd">Sigurd</a> sits in front of the fire preparing the dragon's heart.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <i><b>Völsunga saga</b></i> (often referred to in English as the <i><b>Volsunga Saga</b></i> or <i><b>Saga of the Völsungs</b></i>) is a <a href="/wiki/Legendary_saga" title="Legendary saga">legendary saga</a>, a late 13th-century prose rendition in <a href="/wiki/Old_Norse" title="Old Norse">Old Norse</a> of the origin and decline of the <a href="/wiki/V%C3%B6lsung" title="Völsung">Völsung</a> clan (including the story of <a href="/wiki/Sigurd" title="Sigurd">Sigurd</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brynhild" class="mw-redirect" title="Brynhild">Brynhild</a> and the destruction of the <a href="/wiki/Burgundians" title="Burgundians">Burgundians</a>). It is one of the most famous legendary sagas and an example of a "heroic saga" that deals with <a href="/wiki/Germanic_heroic_legend" title="Germanic heroic legend">Germanic heroic legend</a>. </p><p>The saga covers topics including the quarrel between <a href="/wiki/Sigi" title="Sigi">Sigi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ska%C3%B0i#Völsunga_saga" title="Skaði">Skaði</a>, a huge family tree of great kings and powerful conquerors, the quest led by <a href="/wiki/Sigmund" title="Sigmund">Sigmund</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sinfj%C3%B6tli" title="Sinfjötli">Sinfjǫtli</a> to save princess <a href="/wiki/Signy" title="Signy">Signý</a> from the evil king <a href="/wiki/Siggeir" title="Siggeir">Siggeir</a>, and, most famously, Sigurd killing the serpent/dragon <a href="/wiki/Fafnir" class="mw-redirect" title="Fafnir">Fáfnir</a> and obtaining the cursed ring <a href="/wiki/Andvaranaut" title="Andvaranaut">Andvaranaut</a> that Fáfnir guarded. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Context_and_overview">Context and overview</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%B6lsunga_saga&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Context and overview"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The saga is largely based on the <a href="/wiki/Epic_poetry" title="Epic poetry">epic poetry</a> of the historic <i><a href="/wiki/Elder_Edda" class="mw-redirect" title="Elder Edda">Elder Edda</a></i>. The earliest known pictorial representation of this tradition is the <a href="/wiki/Ramsund_carving" class="mw-redirect" title="Ramsund carving">Ramsund carving</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>, which was created <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1000 CE</span>. </p><p>The origins of the material are considerably older, however, and it in part echoes real events in Central Europe during the <a href="/wiki/Migration_Period" title="Migration Period">Migration Period</a>, chiefly the destruction of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Burgundians" title="Kingdom of the Burgundians">Kingdom of the Burgundians</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Huns" title="Huns">Huns</a> in the fifth century. Some of the poems contained in the <i><a href="/wiki/Elder_Edda" class="mw-redirect" title="Elder Edda">Elder Edda</a></i> relate episodes from the Völsung legend. On the other hand, the only surviving medieval manuscript of the saga, Ny kgl. Saml. 1824 b 4to, which is held by the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Library,_Denmark" title="Royal Library, Denmark">Royal Library of Denmark</a>, dates to about 1400. In this manuscript, the saga leads straight in to <i><a href="/wiki/Ragnar_Lodbrok" title="Ragnar Lodbrok">Ragnars saga loðbrókar</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Characters">Characters</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%B6lsunga_saga&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Characters"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="collapsible collapsed" style="margin: 0.3em auto auto; clear:none; min-width:60em; width:auto; font-size:85%; border:1px solid #aaa"> <tbody><tr> <th style="padding:0.2em 0.3em 0.2em 4.3em;background:none; color: inherit; width:auto">Characters in the Volsunga Saga </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center"> <table style="border-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate;"> <tbody><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#9cf;">Sigi</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#9cf;">Rerir</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#9cf;">Vǫlsungr</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#fcc;">Hljóð</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#9cf;">Eylimi</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#9cf;">Siggeirr</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#fcc;">Signý</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#9cf;">Sigmundr</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#fcc;">Hjǫrdís</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#9cf;">Alfr</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px dashed;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px dashed;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#fcc;">Borghildr</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#9cf;">Buðli</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#9cf;">Gjúki</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#fcc;">Grímhildr</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#9cf;">Sinfjǫtli</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#9cf;">Helgi</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#9cf;">Atli</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#fcc;">Brynhildr</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#9cf;">Gunnarr</td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#9cf;">Hǫgni</td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#9cf;">Guttormr</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#fcc;">Guðrún</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#9cf;">Sigurðr</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#fcc;border-style:dotted;">Brynhildr</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px dashed;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="border-right:1px dashed;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="border-right:1px dashed;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#fcc;">Glaumvǫr</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px dashed;border-bottom:1px dashed;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#fcc;">Kostbera</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px dashed;border-bottom:1px dashed;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#9cf;border-style:dotted;">Atli</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px dashed;border-bottom:1px dashed;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px dashed;height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#9cf;">Jónakr</td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px dashed;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px dashed;border-bottom:1px dashed;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#9cf;">Hamðir</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#9cf;">Sǫrli</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#9cf;">Erpr</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#fcc;">Svanhildr</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#9cf;">Sigmundr</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:2px solid;padding:0.2em;background-color:#fcc;">Áslaug</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Contents">Contents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%B6lsunga_saga&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Contents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The saga can be divided into five phases: the preliminary generations, Sigurd and his foster family, Sigurd and the Gjukingar, Gudrun and the Budlingar, and Gudrun's last marriage. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Volsung's_ancestors"><span id="Volsung.27s_ancestors"></span>Volsung's ancestors</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%B6lsunga_saga&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Volsung's ancestors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <i>Völsunga saga</i> begins with <a href="/wiki/Sigi" title="Sigi">Sigi</a>, the ancestor of the Völsung lineage, and <a href="/wiki/Ska%C3%B0i#Völsunga_saga" title="Skaði">Skaði</a>. Sigi was more important since he was richer and more powerful and was said to be a son of <a href="/wiki/Odin" title="Odin">Odin</a>. In the saga, Skaði owns a <a href="/wiki/Thrall" title="Thrall">thrall</a> named Breði whom Sigi takes on a hunting trip all day and evening. When they compare their skills, Breði's outshine Sigi's. Enraged, Sigi murders Breði and hides his body in a <a href="/wiki/Snowdrift" title="Snowdrift">snowdrift</a>. When Sigi returns, he lies to Skaði that Breði rode away into the forest. But Skaði, suspecting something amiss, goes off with his men in search of Breði and discovers his body in the snowdrift. Skaði declares the drift "Breði's drift", and soon every large drift comes to be called "Breði's drift" in his honor. Skaði casts Sigi out, leaving him "a wolf in hallowed places". </p><p>After much adventuring, Odin leads Sigi to a land where some <a href="/wiki/Longship" title="Longship">longships</a> lay. He and his troops (that his unnamed father gave him) take up raiding. Sigi becomes a successful raider and warlord before seizing a kingdom called <a href="/wiki/Hunaland" title="Hunaland">Hunaland</a> to rule. His wife's brothers eventually become envious of Sigi's power and wealth and raise an army against him. In the following battle, Sigi is killed and his enemies take over the kingdom. Later, Sigi's son <a href="/wiki/Rerir" title="Rerir">Rerir</a> avenges his father's death, killing his uncles and taking his father's throne. However, he and his wife have no heir, so they turn to Odin and <a href="/wiki/Frigg" title="Frigg">Frigg</a> to pray for one. In response, Odin and Frigg send one of their wish maidens to take the form of a crow and place a magical apple on Rerir's lap. When Rerir shares it with the queen, she conceives and endures an extraordinarily long pregnancy. While awaiting the birth of his heir, Rerir goes on a campaign to pacify the land, but he catches sick and dies before returning. Since the queen knows that she has not long left before the pregnancy kills her, she orders her baby to be cut from her. She dies in the process, but the male child survives and is named <a href="/wiki/V%C3%B6lsung" title="Völsung">Völsung</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_life_of_king_Völsung"><span id="The_life_of_king_V.C3.B6lsung"></span>The life of king Völsung</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%B6lsunga_saga&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: The life of king Völsung"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Volsung" class="mw-redirect" title="Volsung">Völsung</a> marries <a href="/wiki/Hljod" title="Hljod">Hljod</a>, the daughter of a <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6tunn" title="Jötunn">jötunn</a> and the maiden who gave the queen the golden apple. Völsung and Hljod have ten sons and one daughter, the two eldest and strongest being the boy and girl twins <a href="/wiki/Sigmund" title="Sigmund">Sigmund</a> and <a href="/wiki/Signy" title="Signy">Signý</a>. King Völsung has a grand palace built for him, with the great hall built around a massive tree known as <a href="/wiki/Barnstokkr" title="Barnstokkr">Barnstokkr</a> (<abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">child trunk</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>) to stand proudly over Völsung's guests. One day, <a href="/wiki/Siggeir" title="Siggeir">Siggeir</a>, the king of <a href="/wiki/Gautland" class="mw-redirect" title="Gautland">Gautland</a>, comes to visit Völsung and ask for Signý's hand in marriage. Völsung is pleased at the idea of Signý marrying Siggeir, but Signý despises him. King Völsung arranges the marriage anyway. On the wedding day, as everyone is celebrating, a hooded man with one eye comes into the hall, draws a sword, and thrusts it into <a href="/wiki/Barnstokkr" title="Barnstokkr">Barnstokkr</a>. The mysterious figure says that whoever can pull the sword from Barnstokkr will receive it as a gift, then abruptly leaves. Although the saga does not explicitly say who the man is, his hood and missing eye suggest he is <a href="/wiki/Odin" title="Odin">Odin</a>. Indeed, later in the saga it is made clear that such a man could be no one but the All-father, as the figure returns to set more formidable challenges, and the sword later demonstrates its divine powers. Many people attempt to draw the sword from the tree, but no one can make it budge until Sigmund Völsungson comes and pulls the sword out with ease. King Siggeir offers to buy the sword, but Sigmund refuses. That night Siggeir and Signý sleep together, and by the next day she is pressuring King Völsung to allow them to divorce. Although his daughter is in distress, he reluctantly refuses, so as to maintain their alliance with Gautland. </p><p>But when Signý travels to Gautland, she finds out that Siggeir is plotting to overthrow Völsung and add Hunaland to his empire. Signý returns to Hunaland to gather Völsung, Sigmund, and their most powerful men, telling them that they must raise an army and invade Gautland if they do not want Hunaland to fall. Völsung agrees to the invasion, sending his army to the shore of Gautland to overthrow and kill Siggeir. After a long, grim, and intense battle, the Völsungs are forced to concede defeat after the deaths of the king and one of his sons. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_war_against_Siggeir">The war against Siggeir</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%B6lsunga_saga&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: The war against Siggeir"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Signy" title="Signy">Signý</a> goes to speak with King Siggeir as his wife, begging him to tie her brothers up instead of killing them. Siggeir agrees, thinking a slower death more suitable for them, so the brothers are tied up by their feet and hands and thrown into the woods to die. Signý, hoping for this outcome, sends one of her most trusted men to find her brothers. When he finds them, they tell him that one has been killed and eaten by a <a href="/wiki/Wolves_in_folklore,_religion_and_mythology" title="Wolves in folklore, religion and mythology">she-wolf</a>. For some reason, however, he is unable to untie them, and the she-wolf continues to come every night until only <a href="/wiki/Sigmund" title="Sigmund">Sigmund</a> is left alive. On the day before he would die, Signý's scout returns to the forest and gives him honey, instructing Sigmund to put some in his mouth and smear it on his face. When the she-wolf comes she begins to lick Sigmund's face, and intrigued by the sweetness, she puts her tongue in his mouth to lick the honey out. As soon as she does so, Sigmund bites down on her tongue, ripping it out as the beast struggles and thereby killing the she-wolf. The sage mentions that this wolf may have been Siggeir's mother who took the shape of a she-wolf through "witchcraft and sorcery". Sigmund stays where he is so that Signý's scouts can find him again. They do, informing Signý of what happened. She visits him and helps him dig an underground base, bringing him enough supplies to survive in secret while they plot revenge against Siggeir. </p><p>One night, while Signý is sitting in her chamber, a <a href="/wiki/V%C3%B6lva" class="mw-redirect" title="Völva">völva</a> comes and asks her to exchange forms. They do, and the seeress sleeps with Siggeir that night without the king's notice. Meanwhile, Signý travels to Sigmund's base in the form of the völva, telling him that she had gotten lost in the woods. Sigmund accepts her in, and they have incestuous sexual intercourse. After changing back, Signý discovers she is pregnant. She gives birth to <a href="/wiki/Sinfj%C3%B6tli" title="Sinfjötli">Sinfjǫtli</a>. </p><p>When Sinfjǫtli is ten, Signý puts him and her other sons through a painful test to see who is worthy of serving Sigmund. Although the others cry out in pain, Sinfjǫtli does not flinch. Together, Sigmund and Sinfjǫtli plot revenge against King Siggeir. One night, they sneak into Siggeir's dwelling and try to assassinate him, but one of Siggeir's children catch them and have them seized. The two are thrown in a mound but escape with the power of Sigmund's sword that Signý returns to him. They kill Siggeir by making him walk into a bonfire. Signý walks in with him, wanting to die with her husband. Sigmund takes the throne, becoming a great and powerful ruler. He marries <a href="/wiki/Borghild" title="Borghild">Borghild</a> and by her has a son named <a href="/wiki/Helgi_Hundingsbane" title="Helgi Hundingsbane">Helgi</a>. </p><p>As an adult, Helgi meets <a href="/wiki/Sigrun" class="mw-redirect" title="Sigrun">Sigrún</a>, daughter of King <a href="/wiki/H%C3%B6gne" title="Högne">Högne</a>, and wishes to marry her. She tells him that her father has promised her to <a href="/wiki/Hothbrodd" title="Hothbrodd">Hothbrodd</a>, so Helgi and Sinfjǫtli raise an army and invade Hothbrodd's realm. Helgi kills Hothbrodd, marries Sigrún, and usurps Hothbrodd's kingship. Sinfjǫtli also meets a woman he wishes to marry, and to win her he fights and kills another man, who happens to be Borghild's brother. In revenge, Borghild kills Sinfjǫtli by poison. A grieving Sigmund rejects Borghild and drives her out of his kingdom. </p><p>As an old man, Sigmund marries <a href="/wiki/Hj%C3%B6rd%C3%ADs" title="Hjördís">Hjördís</a>, daughter of King Eylimi. The suitor she rejected in Sigmund's favor brings an army against him, and Sigmund is mortally wounded in the battle. Hjördís finds her wounded husband, who entrusts to her the shards of his sword, prophesying that they will be reforged someday for their yet unborn son. He dies, and Hjördís is taken in by Alf, son of Hjalprek, king of Denmark. Shortly thereafter she gives birth to <a href="/wiki/Sigurd" title="Sigurd">Sigurd</a>, her son by Sigmund. Sigurd is fostered in Hjalprek's court by <a href="/wiki/Regin" title="Regin">Reginn</a>, his tutor, and grows to manhood there.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEByock1990ch._1–13_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEByock1990ch._1–13-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sigurd_and_his_foster_family">Sigurd and his foster family</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%B6lsunga_saga&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Sigurd and his foster family"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Sigurd" title="Sigurd">Sigurd</a> grows up to be strong, brave, and very popular. One day, he enters the forest looking for a horse and meets Odin, who gives him <a href="/wiki/Grani" title="Grani">Grani</a>, who is descended from Odin's own <a href="/wiki/Sleipnir" title="Sleipnir">Sleipnir</a> and better than any other horse. With Grani, Reginn believes Sigurd capable of a heroic quest and decides to tell him the story of <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1fnir" title="Fáfnir">Fáfnir</a> the dragon. </p><p>Reginn's father <a href="/wiki/Hrei%C3%B0marr" title="Hreiðmarr">Hreiðmarr</a> had three sons: himself, <a href="/wiki/%C3%93tr" title="Ótr">Ótr</a>, and Fáfnir. Ótr was able to shapeshift into an otter-like fisherman, Fáfnir was large and fierce, and Reginn was skilled with ironwork. One day, Odin, <a href="/wiki/Loki" title="Loki">Loki</a>, and <a href="/wiki/H%C5%93nir" title="Hœnir">Hœnir</a> were fishing and killed Ótr in his otter shape, then skinned and ate him. King Hreiðmarr found out and demanded that they fill and cover the skin with gold. Loki took the dwarf <a href="/wiki/Andvari" title="Andvari">Andvari</a>'s gold and the debt was paid. But out of Andvari's treasure, he cursed a ring called <a href="/wiki/Andvaranaut" title="Andvaranaut">Andvaranaut</a> ("Andvari's gift"), warning that it would bring death to anyone who owned it. Later, Fáfnir killed his father, hid the body, and took all the treasure, including the Advaranaut, to his hoard. There, he turned into an evil dragon. Reginn, meanwhile, became a smith for King Hjalprek. </p><p>Reginn convinces Sigurd to slay Fáfnir and take the treasure. In preparation, he smiths two swords one after another for Sigurd, but they break when he tests them. Sigurd's mother gives him the pieces of his father's broken sword and Reginn reforges them into a legendary sword called <a href="/wiki/Gram_(mythology)" title="Gram (mythology)">Gram</a>. When Sigurd tests it, it splits the iron anvil down to its base. Before going to kill Fáfnir, he goes to the soothsayer <a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%ADpissp%C3%A1" title="Grípisspá">Grípir</a> to ask about his fate. Grípir tells him after some hesitation, and Sigurd returns to Reginn, saying he must avenge his father Sigmund before he can kill the dragon. Sigurd sails to <a href="/wiki/Hundings" title="Hundings">Hunding</a>'s kingdom and kills many and burns settlements. A brutal battle ensues between him and King <a href="/wiki/Lyngvi" class="mw-redirect" title="Lyngvi">Lyngvi</a> and Hunding's sons, but Sigurd kills them all with Gram. He returns to Reginn to prepare to meet Fáfnir. </p><p>Sigurd travels to <a href="/wiki/Fafnir" class="mw-redirect" title="Fafnir">Fáfnir</a>'s territory and digs a ditch to hide in and stab the dragon from. <a href="/wiki/Odin" title="Odin">Odin</a> comes and advises him to dig several ditches for the blood to flow into, which he does. As Fáfnir crawls over the ditch, Sigurd stabs him through the heart. As the dragon is dying, he asks Sigurd about his lineage and says that his gold and Reginn will be the cause of Sigurd's death. Sigurd returns to Reginn, who was hiding in the heather during Fáfnir's slaying. Reginn drinks Fáfnir's blood and asks Sigurd to roast Fáfnir's heart and let him eat it. When Sigurd tests whether the heart is fully cooked and licks his finger, he suddenly understands the speech of birds. He overhears the nuthatches talking to each other about Reginn's plan to kill him. They say that he should eat the heart himself, kill Reginn, take the gold, and find <a href="/wiki/Brynhild" class="mw-redirect" title="Brynhild">Brynhild</a>. Sigurd kills Reginn, eats some of the heart, takes as much treasure as he can carry, including the <a href="/wiki/Helm_of_Awe" title="Helm of Awe">Helm of Terror</a> and the Andvaranaut, and rides off on Grani. </p><p>Sigurd rides to the land of the <a href="/wiki/Franks" title="Franks">Franks</a> and finds a sleeping warrior. He removes the helmet, discovers it is a woman, and cuts her <a href="/wiki/Mail_(armour)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mail (armour)">chainmail</a> open. She wakes and tells him Odin stabbed her with a sleeping thorn and mandated that she must marry, but she refuses to marry any man who knows fear. Brynhild gives him beer and recites a poem about how to use different <a href="/wiki/Runic_magic" title="Runic magic">magical runes</a>. Following this, Brynhild gives Sigurd several pieces of sound advice on how to navigate society and survive, and they agree to marry each other. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sigurd_and_the_Gjukingar">Sigurd and the Gjukingar</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%B6lsunga_saga&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Sigurd and the Gjukingar"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sigurd rides to the estate of Heimr, husband of Bekkhild, Brynhild's sister. Sigurd catches sight of Brynhild weaving a golden tapestry in the castle. <a href="/wiki/Alsvid" class="mw-redirect" title="Alsvid">Alsvid</a> tells him to not think about women, but after Brynhild saying they are not fated to be together, they renew their vows. </p><p>Meanwhile, a skilled sorceress named <a href="/wiki/Grimhild" title="Grimhild">Grimhild</a> is married to King <a href="/wiki/Gj%C3%BAki" title="Gjúki">Gjuki</a>, and together they have three sons: <a href="/wiki/Gunther" title="Gunther">Gunnar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hagen_(legend)" title="Hagen (legend)">Hǫgni</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Guthormr" class="mw-redirect" title="Guthormr">Guthormr</a>. Their daughter <a href="/wiki/Gudrun" title="Gudrun">Guðrún</a> has a dream about a golden hawk, which Brynhild interprets as her future husband. They then talk of Sigurd's excellence and the prophecies about him before his birth. Then Guðrún has a dream about a handsome stag, which Brynhild interprets as Sigurd. Brynhild prophesies she will marry Sigurd, lose him, marry <a href="/wiki/Attila" title="Attila">Atli</a> the <a href="/wiki/Huns" title="Huns">Hun</a>, lose her brothers, then kill Atli. </p><p>Sigurd comes to Gjuki with his horse <a href="/wiki/Grani" title="Grani">Grani</a> and his treasure from the dragon <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1fnir" title="Fáfnir">Fáfnir</a>. Grimhild gives him a drink that makes him forget about Brynhild, wanting him to marry Guðrún. Gunnar and the others swear brotherhood with Sigurd, and he marries Guðrún. She eats some of the dragon's heart, and bears Sigurd a son, Sigmund. Meanwhile, Grimhild encourages Gunnar to marry Brynhild. Sigurd and the three brothers ride to King <a href="/wiki/Bu%C3%B0li" title="Buðli">Buðli</a> for Gunnar to ask for Brynhild's hand. She is inside a hall surrounded by fire and has vowed an oath to marry whoever can ride through the flames, believing only Sigurd could be brave enough to do so. Gunnar can't take on this task, so he and Sigurd exchange shapes, and Sigurd rides through the fire and asks Brynhild to marry him as Gunnar. Brynhild reluctantly agrees because of her oath and leaves her daughter <a href="/wiki/Aslaug" title="Aslaug">Aslaug</a> by Sigurd to be raised with Heimr. </p><p>Years later, Brynhild and Guðrún are arguing about whose husband is better, and Guðrún shows her the ring which Brynhild had given Sigurd. Brynhild recognizes the ring and realizes she has been tricked. She tells Gunnar she knows he deceived her and that she will kill him and seek revenge on Grimhild. Brynhild takes to her room and Sigurd comes to try to make amends by asking her to marry him, but she rejects his offer, wanting to die and bring doom upon everyone involved. </p><p>Gunnar consults with his brothers whether they should kill Sigurd to keep Brynhild or not. They decide to give snake's and wolf's meat to Guthormr to turn him violent and kill Sigurd. He goes into Sigurd's bed chamber and stabs him while asleep. Sigurd wakes up and before dying, throws Gram after him as he leaves, cutting Guthormr in two. Brynhild laughs when she hears Guðrún sobbing, and Guðrún tells Gunnar he made a mistake by killing Sigurd. Brynhild also tells Gunnar he has made a mistake and stabs herself. But before she dies, she foretells the rest of Gunnar's and Guðrún's future. Gunnar fulfills Brynhild's last request, that he put her on a bonfire with Sigurd, Guthormr, and Sigurd's 3-year-old son. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Guðrún_and_the_Budlingar"><span id="Gu.C3.B0r.C3.BAn_and_the_Budlingar"></span>Guðrún and the Budlingar</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%B6lsunga_saga&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Guðrún and the Budlingar"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Everyone mourns Sigurd's death and Guðrún runs away, ending up with King Half in Denmark. Grimhild finds Guðrún and orders her to marry King <a href="/wiki/Attila" title="Attila">Atli</a> against her will, which she unhappily does. One night, Atli has a dream that he is fed his children, which Guðrún interprets to mean his sons will die. She sends her brothers a runic message warning them about Atli, but the messenger Vingi alters it, inviting her brothers to come to Atli's hall. <a href="/wiki/Hagen_(legend)" title="Hagen (legend)">Hǫgni</a>'s wife <a href="/wiki/Kostbera" title="Kostbera">Kostbera</a> sees the message is false and tells him. She tells her dream to Hǫgni, in which she predicts the treachery of Atli and Hǫgni's death, but he does not believe her. Gunnar's wife Glaumvor also has symbolic dreams predicting Gunnar's betrayal by Atli and his death, but he eventually gives up trying to interpret them differently and simply concedes he will probably have a short life. Gunnar and Hǫgni go with Vingi to Atli. Vingi reveals he betrayed them, and Gunnar and Hǫgni kill him with their axe handles. </p><p>When they arrive, Atli says he wants Sigurd's gold and will avenge Sigurd by killing his brothers-in-law. Guðrún tries to stop the fighting, but then puts on armor, picks up a sword, and fights with her brothers. Many of Atli's champions are killed. Of their army, only Gunnar and Hǫgni survive and are captured. Hǫgni's heart is cut out and shown to Gunnar. Gunnar is placed in a <a href="/wiki/Snake_pit" title="Snake pit">snake pit</a>, but Guðrún brings him a harp which he plays with his toes. All the snakes fall asleep except one, which bites his heart and kills him. </p><p>Guðrún and Atli hold a funeral feast. Later, Guðrún kills Atli's two sons and gives their blood and hearts to Atli to eat and drink. Atli says she deserves to be killed. Hǫgni's son <a href="/wiki/Nibelung" title="Nibelung">Niflung</a> wants to avenge his father, so he and Guðrún stab Atli while he is asleep. After he dies, Guðrún sets the hall on fire and all Atli's retainers die while fighting each other in panic. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Guðrún's_last_marriage"><span id="Gu.C3.B0r.C3.BAn.27s_last_marriage"></span>Guðrún's last marriage</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%B6lsunga_saga&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Guðrún's last marriage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Guðrún and Sigurd's daughter is <a href="/wiki/Svanhildr" title="Svanhildr">Svanhild</a>, radiantly beautiful. Guðrún goes to the sea to drown herself after killing Atli, but she gets swept away to the court of King <a href="/wiki/Jonakr%27s_sons" title="Jonakr's sons">Jonakr</a>, who marries her. They have <a href="/wiki/Jonakr%27s_sons" title="Jonakr's sons">three sons</a>: Hamdir, Sorli, and Erp. Svanhild is raised with them. </p><p>King <a href="/wiki/Ermanaric" title="Ermanaric">Jormunrek</a> wants to marry Svanhild, but Bikki convinces Jormunrek's son <a href="/wiki/Randver" title="Randver">Randver</a> that he would be a better match for her than his father, so he and Svanhild marry. Upon Bikki's advice, Jormunrek hangs Randver and has horses trample Svanhild to death. </p><p>Guðrún encourages her sons to kill Jormunrek and avenge Svanhild. Her sons ask Erp if he will help them kill Jormunrek, but he gives an ambivalent answer they misunderstand as arrogance, so they kill him, coming to regret it afterwards. They meet Jormunrek and cut off his hands and feet, but Erp would have cut off Jormunrek's head, which would have kept Jormunrek from calling for his <a href="/wiki/Housecarl" title="Housecarl">housecarls</a>. The housecarls are unable to kill Guðrún's sons with sharp weapons. Odin then appears as an old one-eyed man and advises Jormunrek's housecarls to have the avengers killed with stones, which they do. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Themes">Themes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%B6lsunga_saga&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Themes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Odin_and_the_supernatural">Odin and the supernatural</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%B6lsunga_saga&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Odin and the supernatural"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Throughout the saga, elements of the supernatural are interwoven into the narrative. One recurring theme is the periodic appearance of <a href="/wiki/Odin" title="Odin">Odin</a>, the foremost among Norse deities, associated with "war, wisdom, ecstasy, and poetry".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEByock1990111_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEByock1990111-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is typically depicted as a mysterious, hooded old man with one eye.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEByock1990_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEByock1990-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (December 2014)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Odin appears a number of times to assist characters with his magic and powers. At the start of the saga, he guides his son <a href="/wiki/Sigi" title="Sigi">Sigi</a> out of the underworld.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorrisMagnússon1870Ch.1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorrisMagnússon1870Ch.1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also sends a wish maiden to Sigi's son <a href="/wiki/Rerir" title="Rerir">Rerir</a> with an enchanted apple that finally allowed Rerir and his wife to have a child.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEByock199035–36_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEByock199035–36-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later, he appears as an old, one-eyed stranger and sticks his sword into the tree <a href="/wiki/Barnstokkr" title="Barnstokkr">Barnstokkr</a> during a feast at the palace of King <a href="/wiki/V%C3%B6lsung" title="Völsung">Völsung</a>, declaring that "he who draws this sword out of the trunk shall receive it from me as a gift, and he himself shall prove that he has never carried a better sword than this one", which King Völsung's son <a href="/wiki/Sigmund" title="Sigmund">Sigmund</a> does.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEByock199038_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEByock199038-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Odin also directly intervenes during key points in the narrative. During a battle, Odin, again in the guise of an old, one-eyed man, breaks Sigmund's sword, turning the tide of the battle and ultimately leading to his death.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEByock199053_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEByock199053-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also stabs Brynhild with a sleeping thorn and curses her never to win another battle as an act of revenge for killing Hjalmgunnar, a rival king to whom Odin had promised victory.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEByock199067_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEByock199067-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_ring_Andvaranaut">The ring Andvaranaut</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%B6lsunga_saga&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: The ring Andvaranaut"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the latter half of the saga the ring <a href="/wiki/Andvaranaut" title="Andvaranaut">Andvaranaut</a> serves as a connection and explanation for the characters' troubles. <a href="/wiki/Loki" title="Loki">Loki</a> killed <a href="/wiki/%C3%93tr" title="Ótr">Ótr</a>, the son of Hreidmar. As compensation for Ótr's death, Loki coerced a dwarf named <a href="/wiki/Andvari" title="Andvari">Andvari</a> into repaying the debt with gold. Andvari tried to hold onto one gold ring and when Loki forced him to give it up Andvari cursed the ring, saying, "This ring... and indeed the entire treasure, will be the death of whoever owns it." This plays out as one character after another is killed soon after they receive the ring. Ótr's brother <a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1fnir" title="Fáfnir">Fáfnir</a> killed his father in order to get the ring and then turned into a dragon to protect it. Sigurd then kills Fáfnir, taking the ring and giving it to Brynhild. The ring is then brought into Queen <a href="/wiki/Grimhild" title="Grimhild">Grimhild</a>'s family after her children marry Sigurd and Brynhild. The story of the Andvaranaut is thought to have been one of the texts that inspired <a href="/wiki/J.R.R_Tolkien" class="mw-redirect" title="J.R.R Tolkien">J.R.R Tolkien</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Lord_of_the_Rings" title="The Lord of the Rings">The Lord of the Rings</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Adaptations_and_related_works">Adaptations and related works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%B6lsunga_saga&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Adaptations and related works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Middle_High_German" title="Middle High German">Middle High German</a> epic poem the <i><a href="/wiki/Nibelungenlied" title="Nibelungenlied">Nibelungenlied</a></i> is related in content. The relative historical accuracy and origin of both works are a subject of academic research—however, whilst traditionally the stories from the <i><a href="/wiki/Poetic_Edda" title="Poetic Edda">Poetic Edda</a></i> and <i>Völsunga saga</i> were assumed to contain an earlier or "more original" version, the actual development of the different texts is more complex—for more details see <a href="/wiki/Nibelungenlied#Origins" title="Nibelungenlied">Nibelungenlied § Origins</a>. </p><p>Among the more notable adaptations of this text are <a href="/wiki/Richard_Wagner" title="Richard Wagner">Richard Wagner</a>'s tetralogy of music dramas <i><a href="/wiki/Der_Ring_des_Nibelungen" title="Der Ring des Nibelungen">Der Ring des Nibelungen</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Reyer" title="Ernest Reyer">Ernest Reyer</a>'s opera <i><a href="/wiki/Sigurd_(opera)" title="Sigurd (opera)">Sigurd</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Henrik_Ibsen" title="Henrik Ibsen">Henrik Ibsen</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Vikings_at_Helgeland" title="The Vikings at Helgeland">The Vikings at Helgeland</a></i>, and <a href="/wiki/William_Morris" title="William Morris">William Morris</a>'s epic poem <i><a href="/wiki/The_Story_of_Sigurd_the_Volsung_and_the_Fall_of_the_Niblungs" title="The Story of Sigurd the Volsung and the Fall of the Niblungs">The Story of Sigurd the Volsung and the Fall of the Niblungs</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/J._R._R._Tolkien" title="J. R. R. Tolkien">J. R. R. Tolkien</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Legend_of_Sigurd_and_Gudr%C3%BAn" title="The Legend of Sigurd and Gudrún">The Legend of Sigurd and Gudrún</a></i> is derived instead from the Völsung poems in the <i><a href="/wiki/Elder_Edda" class="mw-redirect" title="Elder Edda">Elder Edda</a></i>, as Tolkien thought the author of the saga had made a jumble of things. </p><p>The saga is also one inspiration for <a href="/wiki/%C3%9Er%C3%A1inn_Bertelsson" title="Þráinn Bertelsson">Þráinn Bertelsson's</a> satirical crime novel <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Valkyrjur_(novel)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Valkyrjur (novel) (page does not exist)">Valkyrjur</a></i> (Reykjavík: JPV, 2005). <a href="/wiki/Melvin_Burgess" title="Melvin Burgess">Melvin Burgess</a> similarly drew inspiration from the saga in his novel <i><a href="/wiki/Bloodtide_(novel)" title="Bloodtide (novel)">Bloodtide</a></i> (1999) and its sequel <i>Bloodsong</i> (2007).<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Editions_and_translations">Editions and translations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%B6lsunga_saga&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Editions and translations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Editions">Editions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%B6lsunga_saga&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Editions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://heimskringla.no/wiki/V%C3%B6lsunga_saga">Völsunga saga</a></i>, in <i>Fornaldarsögur norðurlanda</i>, ed. by Guðni Jónsson and Bjarni Vilhjálmsson, 3 vols (Reyjkjavík: Bókaútgáfan Forni, 1943–44)</li> <li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFFinch1965" class="citation cs2">Finch, R. G., ed. (1965), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://vsnrweb-publications.org.uk/Volsunga%20saga.pdf"><i>The Saga of the Volsungs</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, London: Nelson</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Saga+of+the+Volsungs&rft.pub=London%3A+Nelson&rft.date=1965&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvsnrweb-publications.org.uk%2FVolsunga%2520saga.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AV%C3%B6lsunga+saga" class="Z3988"></span> , with Icelandic text</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrimstad2005" class="citation cs2">Grimstad, Kaaren, ed. (2005) [2000], <i>Vǫlsunga saga. The saga of the Volsungs. The Icelandic Text According to MS Nks 1824 b, 4</i> (2nd ed.), AQ-Verlag, Saarbrücken</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=V%C7%ABlsunga+saga.+The+saga+of+the+Volsungs.+The+Icelandic+Text+According+to+MS+Nks+1824+b%2C+4&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=AQ-Verlag%2C+Saarbr%C3%BCcken&rft.date=2005&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AV%C3%B6lsunga+saga" class="Z3988"></span> , English translation with Norse transcription from manuscript Nks 1824 b, 4°</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="English_translations">English translations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%B6lsunga_saga&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: English translations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Magnusson_Morris_Volsunga_Saga_title_page_1870.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Magnusson_Morris_Volsunga_Saga_title_page_1870.jpg/170px-Magnusson_Morris_Volsunga_Saga_title_page_1870.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="280" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Magnusson_Morris_Volsunga_Saga_title_page_1870.jpg/255px-Magnusson_Morris_Volsunga_Saga_title_page_1870.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Magnusson_Morris_Volsunga_Saga_title_page_1870.jpg/340px-Magnusson_Morris_Volsunga_Saga_title_page_1870.jpg 2x" data-file-width="358" data-file-height="590" /></a><figcaption>Translation by <a href="/wiki/Eir%C3%ADkur_Magn%C3%BAsson" title="Eiríkur Magnússon">Eiríkr Magnússon</a> and <a href="/wiki/William_Morris" title="William Morris">William Morris</a>, 1870, published by <a href="/wiki/F._S._Ellis" class="mw-redirect" title="F. S. Ellis">F. S. Ellis</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorrisMagnússon1870_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorrisMagnússon1870-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorrisMagnússon1870" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/William_Morris" title="William Morris">Morris, William</a>; <a href="/wiki/Eir%C3%ADkr_Magn%C3%BAsson" class="mw-redirect" title="Eiríkr Magnússon">Magnússon, Eirikr</a>, eds. (1870), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/vlsungasagasto00eiruoft"><i>Völsunga Saga : The Story of the Volsungs & Niblings with certain songs from the Elder Edda</i></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=V%C3%B6lsunga+Saga+%3A+The+Story+of+the+Volsungs+%26+Niblings+with+certain+songs+from+the+Elder+Edda&rft.date=1870&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fvlsungasagasto00eiruoft&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AV%C3%B6lsunga+saga" class="Z3988"></span> , literal translation, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/1152">e-text</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180826214415/http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/1152">Archived</a> 26 August 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchlauch1930" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Schlauch" title="Margaret Schlauch">Schlauch, Margaret</a>, ed. (1930), <i>The Saga of the Volsungs: The Saga of Ragnar Lodbrok, Together with The Lay of Kraka</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Saga+of+the+Volsungs%3A+The+Saga+of+Ragnar+Lodbrok%2C+Together+with+The+Lay+of+Kraka&rft.date=1930&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AV%C3%B6lsunga+saga" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFinch1965" class="citation cs2">Finch, R. G., ed. (1965), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://vsnrweb-publications.org.uk/Volsunga%20saga.pdf"><i>The Saga of the Volsungs</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, London: Nelson, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081121094647/http://vsnrweb-publications.org.uk/Volsunga%20saga.pdf">archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 21 November 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 January</span> 2009</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Saga+of+the+Volsungs&rft.pub=London%3A+Nelson&rft.date=1965&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvsnrweb-publications.org.uk%2FVolsunga%2520saga.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AV%C3%B6lsunga+saga" class="Z3988"></span> , with Icelandic text</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnderson1982" class="citation cs2">Anderson, George K., ed. (1982), <i>The Saga of the Volsungs – together with Excerpts from the Nornageststháttr and Three Chapters from the Prose Edda</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Saga+of+the+Volsungs+%E2%80%93+together+with+Excerpts+from+the+Nornageststh%C3%A1ttr+and+Three+Chapters+from+the+Prose+Edda&rft.date=1982&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AV%C3%B6lsunga+saga" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFByock1990" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Byock" title="Jesse Byock">Byock, Jesse L.</a>, ed. (1990), <i>Saga of the Volsungs</i>, University of California Press</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Saga+of+the+Volsungs&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1990&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AV%C3%B6lsunga+saga" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrimstad2005" class="citation cs2">Grimstad, Kaaren, ed. (2005) [2000], <i>Vǫlsunga saga. The saga of the Volsungs. The Icelandic Text According to MS Nks 1824 b, 4</i> (2nd ed.), AQ-Verlag, Saarbrücken</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=V%C7%ABlsunga+saga.+The+saga+of+the+Volsungs.+The+Icelandic+Text+According+to+MS+Nks+1824+b%2C+4&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=AQ-Verlag%2C+Saarbr%C3%BCcken&rft.date=2005&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AV%C3%B6lsunga+saga" class="Z3988"></span> , English translation with Norse transcription from manuscript Nks 1824 b, 4°</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCrawford2017" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Jackson_Crawford" title="Jackson Crawford">Crawford, Jackson</a>, ed. (2017), <i>The Saga of the Volsungs with The Saga of Ragnar Lothbrok</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Saga+of+the+Volsungs+with+The+Saga+of+Ragnar+Lothbrok&rft.date=2017&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AV%C3%B6lsunga+saga" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_translations">Other translations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%B6lsunga_saga&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Other translations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJonssonVilhjalmsson" class="citation cs2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source-2 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Gu%C3%B0ni_J%C3%B3nsson" title="Guðni Jónsson">Jonsson, Gudni</a>; Vilhjalmsson, Bjarni (eds.), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.heimskringla.no/wiki/V%C3%B6lsunga_saga">"Völsunga saga"</a>, <i>Kulturformidlingen norrøne tekster og kvad</i> (e-text) (in Old Norse, Norwegian, Danish, and Swedish), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230423145821/http://www.heimskringla.no/wiki/V%C3%B6lsunga_saga">archived</a> from the original on 23 April 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 June</span> 2009</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kulturformidlingen+norr%C3%B8ne+tekster+og+kvad&rft.atitle=V%C3%B6lsunga+saga&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.heimskringla.no%2Fwiki%2FV%25C3%25B6lsunga_saga&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AV%C3%B6lsunga+saga" class="Z3988"></span>, Norse text with translations by: A. Bugge (Norwegian, 1910); Winkel Horn (Danish, 1876), Nils Fredrik Sander (Swedish, 1893)</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Literary_retellings">Literary retellings</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%B6lsunga_saga&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Literary retellings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorris1877" class="citation cs2">Morris, William, ed. (1877), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/storyofsigurdvol01morr"><i>The story of Sigurd the Volsung and the fall of the Niblungs</i></a>, Boston, Roberts brothers</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+story+of+Sigurd+the+Volsung+and+the+fall+of+the+Niblungs&rft.pub=Boston%2C+Roberts+brothers&rft.date=1877&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fstoryofsigurdvol01morr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AV%C3%B6lsunga+saga" class="Z3988"></span> , literary adaption <ul><li>Some sections edited into prose in: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorrisTurnerScott1922" class="citation cs2">Morris, William; Turner, Winifred; Scott, Helen, eds. (1922), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/storyofsigurdv00morr"><i>The story of Sigurd the Volsung and the fall of the Niblungs</i></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+story+of+Sigurd+the+Volsung+and+the+fall+of+the+Niblungs&rft.date=1922&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fstoryofsigurdv00morr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AV%C3%B6lsunga+saga" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul></li> <li>Numerous retellings of aspects of the tales can be found, from this and other sources on the Volsungs—some have been adapted for children, such as the <i>"Story of Sigurd"</i> in <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Lang" title="Andrew Lang">Andrew Lang</a>'s <i>"The Red Fairy Book"</i></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%B6lsunga_saga&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEByock1990ch._1–13-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEByock1990ch._1–13_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFByock1990">Byock 1990</a>, ch. 1–13.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEByock1990111-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEByock1990111_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFByock1990">Byock 1990</a>, p. 111.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEByock1990-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEByock1990_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFByock1990">Byock 1990</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorrisMagnússon1870Ch.1-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorrisMagnússon1870Ch.1_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMorrisMagnússon1870">Morris & Magnússon 1870</a>, Ch.1.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEByock199035–36-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEByock199035–36_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFByock1990">Byock 1990</a>, pp. 35–36.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEByock199038-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEByock199038_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFByock1990">Byock 1990</a>, p. 38.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEByock199053-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEByock199053_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFByock1990">Byock 1990</a>, p. 53.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEByock199067-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEByock199067_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFByock1990">Byock 1990</a>, p. 67.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x4z4i78">"Clash of the Gods-Tolkien's Monsters – video dailymotion"</a>. <i>Dailymotion</i>. 26 October 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230423145818/https://www.dailymotion.com/video/x4z4i78?retry">Archived</a> from the original on 23 April 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dailymotion&rft.atitle=Clash+of+the+Gods-Tolkien%27s+Monsters+%E2%80%93+video+dailymotion&rft.date=2016-10-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailymotion.com%2Fvideo%2Fx4z4i78&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AV%C3%B6lsunga+saga" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cwecrocker.com/databse-of-icelandic-saga-literary-adaptations/">"Database of medieval Icelandic saga literary adaptations"</a>. <i>Christopher W. E. Crocker</i>. 23 February 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221112185901/https://cwecrocker.com/databse-of-icelandic-saga-literary-adaptations/">Archived</a> from the original on 12 November 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Christopher+W.+E.+Crocker&rft.atitle=Database+of+medieval+Icelandic+saga+literary+adaptations&rft.date=2019-02-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcwecrocker.com%2Fdatabse-of-icelandic-saga-literary-adaptations%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AV%C3%B6lsunga+saga" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMorrisMagnússon1870-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMorrisMagnússon1870_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMorrisMagnússon1870">Morris & Magnússon 1870</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Additional_literature">Additional literature</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%B6lsunga_saga&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Additional literature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKennedy1994" class="citation cs2">Kennedy, John (1994), Wawn, Andrew (ed.), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://morrisedition.lib.uiowa.edu/VolsungaSaga_Kennedy12.pdf">"The English Translations of the Volsunga Saga"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, <i>Northern Antiquity: The Post-Medieval Reception of Edda and Saga</i>, pp. 285–303</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Northern+Antiquity%3A+The+Post-Medieval+Reception+of+Edda+and+Saga&rft.atitle=The+English+Translations+of+the+Volsunga+Saga&rft.pages=285-303&rft.date=1994&rft.aulast=Kennedy&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmorrisedition.lib.uiowa.edu%2FVolsungaSaga_Kennedy12.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AV%C3%B6lsunga+saga" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=V%C3%B6lsunga_saga&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://librivox.org/search?title=Völsungasaga&author=MORRIS&reader=&keywords=&genre_id=0&status=all&project_type=either&recorded_language=&sort_order=catalog_date&search_page=1&search_form=advanced"><i>Völsungasaga</i></a> public domain audiobook at <a href="/wiki/LibriVox" title="LibriVox">LibriVox</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usask.ca/english/icelanders/fsproverbs_VLS.html"><i>Proverbs and proverbial materials in 'Völsunga saga'<span></span></i></a></cite><span 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href="/wiki/Sk%C3%A1ldskaparm%C3%A1l" title="Skáldskaparmál">Skáldskaparmál</a></i></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Volsunga saga</a></i></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sigmunds_Schwert_(1889)_by_Johannes_Gehrts.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title=""Sigmund's Sword" (1989) by Johannes Gehrts."><img alt=""Sigmund's Sword" (1989) by Johannes Gehrts." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Sigmunds_Schwert_%281889%29_by_Johannes_Gehrts.jpg/100px-Sigmunds_Schwert_%281889%29_by_Johannes_Gehrts.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Sigmunds_Schwert_%281889%29_by_Johannes_Gehrts.jpg/150px-Sigmunds_Schwert_%281889%29_by_Johannes_Gehrts.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Sigmunds_Schwert_%281889%29_by_Johannes_Gehrts.jpg/200px-Sigmunds_Schwert_%281889%29_by_Johannes_Gehrts.jpg 2x" data-file-width="639" data-file-height="683" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#e7e7e7;width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Attila" title="Attila">Attila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunhild" title="Brunhild">Brynhild</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granmar" title="Granmar">Granmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gudrun" title="Gudrun">Gudrun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunther" title="Gunther">Gunnar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hagen_(legend)" title="Hagen (legend)">Hogni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helgi_Hundingsbane" title="Helgi Hundingsbane">Helgi Hundingsbane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B6gne" title="Högne">Högne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rerir" title="Rerir">Rerir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siggeir" title="Siggeir">Siggeir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigi" title="Sigi">Sigi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigmund" title="Sigmund">Sigmund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Signy" title="Signy">Signy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigurd" title="Sigurd">Sigurd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinfj%C3%B6tli" title="Sinfjötli">Sinfjötli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svanhildr" title="Svanhildr">Svanhildr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%B6lsung" title="Völsung">Völsung</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#e7e7e7;width:1%">Other figures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andvari" title="Andvari">Andvari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1fnir" title="Fáfnir">Fáfnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grani" title="Grani">Grani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hrei%C3%B0marr" title="Hreiðmarr">Hreiðmarr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odin" title="Odin">Odin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%93tr" title="Ótr">Ótr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regin" title="Regin">Regin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#e7e7e7;width:1%">Objects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andvaranaut" title="Andvaranaut">Andvaranaut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barnstokkr" title="Barnstokkr">Barnstokkr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gram_(mythology)" title="Gram (mythology)">Gram</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#e7e7e7;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Ei%C3%B0rekssaga" class="mw-redirect" title="Þiðrekssaga">Þiðrekssaga</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hagbard_and_Signy" title="Hagbard and Signy">Hagbard and Signy</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Legend_of_Sigurd_and_Gudr%C3%BAn" title="The Legend of Sigurd and Gudrún">The Legend of Sigurd and Gudrún</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Lord_of_the_Rings" title="The Lord of the Rings">The Lord of the Rings</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nibelungenlied" title="Nibelungenlied">Nibelungenlied</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Story_of_Sigurd_the_Volsung_and_the_Fall_of_the_Niblungs" title="The Story of Sigurd the Volsung and the Fall of the Niblungs">The Story of Sigurd the Volsung and the Fall of the Niblungs</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Legendary_sagas" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Legendary_sagas" title="Template:Legendary sagas"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Legendary_sagas" title="Template talk:Legendary sagas"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Legendary_sagas" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Legendary sagas"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Legendary_sagas" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Legendary_sagas" class="mw-redirect" title="Legendary sagas">Legendary sagas</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Af_Upplendinga_konungum" title="Af Upplendinga konungum">Af Upplendinga konungum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81ns_saga_bogsveigis" title="Áns saga bogsveigis">Áns saga bogsveigis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81smundar_saga_kappabana" title="Ásmundar saga kappabana">Ásmundar saga kappabana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%B3sa_saga_ok_Herrau%C3%B0s" title="Bósa saga ok Herrauðs">Bósa saga ok Herrauðs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egils_saga_einhenda_ok_%C3%81smundar_berserkjabana" title="Egils saga einhenda ok Ásmundar berserkjabana">Egils saga einhenda ok Ásmundar berserkjabana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eir%C3%ADks_saga_v%C3%AD%C3%B0f%C3%B6rla" class="mw-redirect" title="Eiríks saga víðförla">Eiríks saga víðförla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A1_Fornj%C3%B3ti_ok_hans_%C3%A6ttm%C3%B6nnum" title="Frá Fornjóti ok hans ættmönnum">Frá Fornjóti ok hans ættmönnum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fri%C3%B0%C3%BEj%C3%B3fs_saga_hins_fr%C5%93kna" class="mw-redirect" title="Friðþjófs saga hins frœkna">Friðþjófs saga frækna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gautreks_saga" title="Gautreks saga">Gautreks saga ok Gjafa-Refs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%ADms_saga_lo%C3%B0inkinna" title="Gríms saga loðinkinna">Gríms saga loðinkinna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6ngu-Hr%C3%B3lfs_saga" title="Göngu-Hrólfs saga">Göngu-Hrólfs saga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%A1lfdanar_saga_Br%C3%B6nuf%C3%B3stra" title="Hálfdanar saga Brönufóstra">Hálfdanar saga Brönufóstra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%A1lfdanar_saga_Eysteinssonar" title="Hálfdanar saga Eysteinssonar">Hálfdanar saga Eysteinssonar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%A1lfs_saga_ok_H%C3%A1lfsrekka" title="Hálfs saga ok Hálfsrekka">Hálfs saga konungs ok Hálfsrekka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hervarar_saga_ok_Hei%C3%B0reks" title="Hervarar saga ok Heiðreks">Heiðreks saga konungs ok Hervarar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helga_%C3%BE%C3%A1ttr_%C3%9E%C3%B3rissonar" title="Helga þáttr Þórissonar">Helga þáttr Þórissonar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hj%C3%A1lm%C3%BE%C3%A9s_saga_ok_%C3%96lvis" title="Hjálmþés saga ok Ölvis">Hjálmþés saga ok Ölvis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hr%C3%B3lfs_saga_Gautrekssonar" title="Hrólfs saga Gautrekssonar">Hrólfs saga Gautrekssonar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hr%C3%B3lfs_saga_kraka" title="Hrólfs saga kraka">Hrólfs saga kraka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hr%C3%B3mundar_saga_Gripssonar" title="Hrómundar saga Gripssonar">Hrómundar saga Gripssonar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%B6rla_%C3%BE%C3%A1ttr" title="Sörla þáttr">Högna saga Hálfdanarsonar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illuga_saga_Gr%C3%AD%C3%B0arf%C3%B3stra" title="Illuga saga Gríðarfóstra">Illuga saga Gríðarfóstra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yngvars_saga_v%C3%AD%C3%B0f%C3%B6rla" title="Yngvars saga víðförla">Ingvars saga víðförla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ketils_saga_h%C5%93ngs" title="Ketils saga hœngs">Ketils saga hængs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norna-Gests_%C3%BE%C3%A1ttr" title="Norna-Gests þáttr">Norna-Gests þáttr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tale_of_Ragnar_Lodbrok" title="Tale of Ragnar Lodbrok">Ragnars saga loðbrókar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tale_of_Ragnar%27s_Sons" title="Tale of Ragnar's Sons">Ragnarssona þáttr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sturlaugs_saga_starfsama" title="Sturlaugs saga starfsama">Sturlaugs saga starfsama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%B6gubrot_af_nokkrum_fornkonungum" title="Sögubrot af nokkrum fornkonungum">Sögubrot af nokkrum fornkonungum í Dana ok Svíaveldi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%B6rla_saga_sterka" title="Sörla saga sterka">Sörla saga sterka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%B3ka_%C3%BE%C3%A1ttr_T%C3%B3kasonar" title="Tóka þáttr Tókasonar">Tóka þáttr Tókasonar</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Völsunga saga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Ejalar-J%C3%B3ns_saga" title="Þjalar-Jóns saga">Þjalar-Jóns saga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Eorsteins_saga_V%C3%ADkingssonar" title="Þorsteins saga Víkingssonar">Þorsteins saga Víkingssonar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Eorsteins_%C3%BE%C3%A1ttr_b%C3%A6jarmagns" title="Þorsteins þáttr bæjarmagns">Þorsteins þáttr bæjarmagns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%96rvar-Odds_saga" class="mw-redirect" title="Örvar-Odds saga">Örvar-Odds saga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other saga genres</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bishops%27_sagas" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishops' sagas">Bishops' sagas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chivalric_sagas" title="Chivalric sagas">Chivalric sagas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_sagas" title="Contemporary sagas">Contemporary sagas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kings%27_sagas" title="Kings' sagas">Kings' sagas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sagas_of_Icelanders" title="Sagas of Icelanders">Sagas of Icelanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saints%27_sagas" title="Saints' sagas">Saints' sagas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9E%C3%A1ttr" title="Þáttr">Short tales</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Old_Norse_religion_and_mythology" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#d6dbbe;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Norse_paganism_footer" title="Template:Norse paganism footer"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Norse_paganism_footer" title="Template talk:Norse paganism footer"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Norse_paganism_footer" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Norse paganism footer"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Old_Norse_religion_and_mythology" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Old_Norse_religion" title="Old Norse religion">Old Norse religion</a> and <a href="/wiki/Norse_mythology" title="Norse mythology">mythology</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#d6dbbe;"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_people,_items_and_places_in_Norse_mythology" title="List of people, items and places in Norse mythology">Mythological Norse people, items and places</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d6dbbe;;width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Germanic_deities" title="List of Germanic deities">Deities</a>, <br /> <a href="/wiki/Dwarf_(folklore)" title="Dwarf (folklore)">dwarfs</a>, <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6tunn" title="Jötunn">jötnar</a>,<br />and other figures</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d6dbbe;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%C3%86sir" title="Æsir">Æsir</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alm%C3%A1ttki_%C3%A1ss" title="Almáttki áss">Almáttki áss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baldr" title="Baldr">Baldr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bragi" title="Bragi">Bragi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dellingr" title="Dellingr">Dellingr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forseti" title="Forseti">Forseti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heimdall" title="Heimdall">Heimdall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herm%C3%B3%C3%B0r" title="Hermóðr">Hermóðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B6%C3%B0r" title="Höðr">Höðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C5%93nir" title="Hœnir">Hœnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Dtreksj%C3%B3%C3%B0" title="Ítreksjóð">Ítreksjóð</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%B3%C3%B0urr" title="Lóðurr">Lóðurr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loki" title="Loki">Loki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A1ni" title="Máni">Máni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meili" title="Meili">Meili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%ADmir" title="Mímir">Mímir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%B3%C3%B0i_and_Magni" title="Móði and Magni">Móði and Magni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odin" title="Odin">Odin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%93%C3%B0r" title="Óðr">Óðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thor" title="Thor">Thor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BDr" title="Týr">Týr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ullr" title="Ullr">Ullr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A1li" title="Váli">Váli (son of Odin)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%AD%C3%B0arr" title="Víðarr">Víðarr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vili_and_V%C3%A9" title="Vili and Vé">Vili and Vé</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d6dbbe;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%C3%86sir" title="Æsir">Ásynjur</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hj%C3%BAki_and_Bil" title="Hjúki and Bil">Bil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eir" title="Eir">Eir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frigg" title="Frigg">Frigg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fulla" title="Fulla">Fulla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gefjon" title="Gefjon">Gefjon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ger%C3%B0r" title="Gerðr">Gerðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gn%C3%A1_and_H%C3%B3fvarpnir" title="Gná and Hófvarpnir">Gná</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hl%C3%ADn" title="Hlín">Hlín</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I%C3%B0unn" title="Iðunn">Iðunn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilmr" title="Ilmr">Ilmr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Eorger%C3%B0r_H%C3%B6lgabr%C3%BA%C3%B0r_and_Irpa" title="Þorgerðr Hölgabrúðr and Irpa">Irpa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lofn" title="Lofn">Lofn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanna_(Norse_deity)" title="Nanna (Norse deity)">Nanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nj%C3%B6run" title="Njörun">Njörun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A1n" title="Rán">Rán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rindr" title="Rindr">Rindr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A1ga_and_S%C3%B6kkvabekkr" title="Sága and Sökkvabekkr">Sága</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sif" title="Sif">Sif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigyn" title="Sigyn">Sigyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sj%C3%B6fn" title="Sjöfn">Sjöfn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ska%C3%B0i" title="Skaði">Skaði</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snotra" title="Snotra">Snotra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%B3l_(Germanic_mythology)" title="Sól (Germanic mythology)">Sól</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syn_(goddess)" title="Syn (goddess)">Syn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Eorger%C3%B0r_H%C3%B6lgabr%C3%BA%C3%B0r_and_Irpa" title="Þorgerðr Hölgabrúðr and Irpa">Þorgerðr Hölgabrúðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Er%C3%BA%C3%B0r" title="Þrúðr">Þrúðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A1r" title="Vár">Vár</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%B6r" title="Vör">Vör</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d6dbbe;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vanir" title="Vanir">Vanir</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Freyja" title="Freyja">Freyja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freyr" title="Freyr">Freyr</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ingunar-Freyr" title="Ingunar-Freyr">Ingunar-Freyr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yngvi" title="Yngvi">Yngvi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gersemi" title="Gersemi">Gersemi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gullveig" title="Gullveig">Gullveig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hnoss" title="Hnoss">Hnoss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kvasir" title="Kvasir">Kvasir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nj%C3%B6r%C3%B0r" title="Njörðr">Njörðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sister-wife_of_Nj%C3%B6r%C3%B0r" title="Sister-wife of Njörðr">Sister-wife of Njörðr</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d6dbbe;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_j%C3%B6tnar_in_Norse_mythology" title="List of jötnar in Norse mythology">Jötnar</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%86gir" title="Ægir">Ægir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alvaldi" title="Alvaldi">Alvaldi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angrbo%C3%B0a" title="Angrboða">Angrboða</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aurbo%C3%B0a" title="Aurboða">Aurboða</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baugi" title="Baugi">Baugi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beli_(j%C3%B6tunn)" title="Beli (jötunn)">Beli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bergelmir" title="Bergelmir">Bergelmir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bestla" title="Bestla">Bestla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%B6l%C3%BEorn" title="Bölþorn">Bölþorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BDleistr" title="Býleistr">Býleistr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egg%C3%BE%C3%A9r" title="Eggþér">Eggþér</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1rbauti" title="Fárbauti">Fárbauti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fj%C3%B6lvar" title="Fjölvar">Fjölvar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fornj%C3%B3t" title="Fornjót">Fornjót</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gangr" title="Gangr">Gangr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geirr%C3%B6%C3%B0r" title="Geirröðr">Geirröðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gillingr" title="Gillingr">Gillingr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gj%C3%A1lp_and_Greip" title="Gjálp and Greip">Gjálp and Greip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%AD%C3%B0r" title="Gríðr">Gríðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunnl%C3%B6%C3%B0" title="Gunnlöð">Gunnlöð</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gymir_(father_of_Ger%C3%B0r)" title="Gymir (father of Gerðr)">Gymir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Har%C3%B0greipr" title="Harðgreipr">Harðgreipr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helblindi" title="Helblindi">Helblindi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helreginn" title="Helreginn">Helreginn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hljod" title="Hljod">Hljod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hr%C3%A6svelgr" title="Hræsvelgr">Hræsvelgr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hr%C3%ADmger%C3%B0r" title="Hrímgerðr">Hrímgerðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hr%C3%ADmgr%C3%ADmnir" title="Hrímgrímnir">Hrímgrímnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hr%C3%ADmnir" title="Hrímnir">Hrímnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hro%C3%B0r" title="Hroðr">Hroðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hrungnir" title="Hrungnir">Hrungnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hrymr" title="Hrymr">Hrymr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hymir" title="Hymir">Hymir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyrrokkin" title="Hyrrokkin">Hyrrokkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I%C3%B0i" title="Iði">Iði</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Dm" title="Ím">Ím</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%A1rnsaxa" title="Járnsaxa">Járnsaxa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laufey_(mythology)" title="Laufey (mythology)">Laufey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leikn" title="Leikn">Leikn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Litr" title="Litr">Litr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logi_(mythology)" title="Logi (mythology)">Logi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%B6g%C3%BErasir" title="Mögþrasir">Mögþrasir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narfi" title="Narfi">Narfi (father of Nott)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%B6kkm%C3%ADmir" title="Sökkmímir">Sökkmímir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surtr" title="Surtr">Surtr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suttungr" title="Suttungr">Suttungr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Ejazi" title="Þjazi">Þjazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9E%C3%B6kk" title="Þökk">Þökk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Er%C3%ADvaldi" title="Þrívaldi">Þrívaldi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Er%C3%BA%C3%B0gelmir" title="Þrúðgelmir">Þrúðgelmir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Erymr" title="Þrymr">Þrymr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Atgar%C3%B0a-Loki" title="Útgarða-Loki">Útgarða-Loki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaf%C3%BEr%C3%BA%C3%B0nir" title="Vafþrúðnir">Vafþrúðnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%AD%C3%B0blindi" title="Víðblindi">Víðblindi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vosud" title="Vosud">Vosud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%B6rnir" title="Vörnir">Vörnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ymir" title="Ymir">Ymir</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d6dbbe;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_dwarfs_in_Norse_mythology" title="List of dwarfs in Norse mythology">Dwarfs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alv%C3%ADss" title="Alvíss">Alvíss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andvari" title="Andvari">Andvari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austri,_Vestri,_Nor%C3%B0ri_and_Su%C3%B0ri" title="Austri, Vestri, Norðri and Suðri">Austri, Vestri, Norðri and Suðri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billingr" title="Billingr">Billingr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1inn_(Norse_dwarf)" title="Dáinn (Norse dwarf)">Dáinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durinn" title="Durinn">Durinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%BArnir" title="Dúrnir">Dúrnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dvalinn" title="Dvalinn">Dvalinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A1fnir" title="Fáfnir">Fáfnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fjalar_and_Galar" title="Fjalar and Galar">Fjalar and Galar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gandalf_(mythology)" title="Gandalf (mythology)">Gandalf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hrei%C3%B0marr" title="Hreiðmarr">Hreiðmarr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Litr" title="Litr">Litr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%B3tsognir" title="Mótsognir">Mótsognir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%93tr" title="Ótr">Ótr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regin" title="Regin">Regin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sons_of_Ivaldi" title="Sons of Ivaldi">Sons of Ivaldi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brokkr" title="Brokkr">Brokkr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eitri" title="Eitri">Eitri</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d6dbbe;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Germanic_heroic_legend" title="Germanic heroic legend">Heroes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_figures_in_Germanic_heroic_legend" title="Lists of figures in Germanic heroic legend">List of figures in Germanic heroic legend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_figures_in_Germanic_heroic_legend,_A" title="List of figures in Germanic heroic legend, A"> A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_figures_in_Germanic_heroic_legend,_B%E2%80%93C" title="List of figures in Germanic heroic legend, B–C"> B–C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_figures_in_Germanic_heroic_legend,_D%E2%80%93E" title="List of figures in Germanic heroic legend, D–E"> D–E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_figures_in_Germanic_heroic_legend,_F%E2%80%93G" title="List of figures in Germanic heroic legend, F–G"> F–G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_figures_in_Germanic_heroic_legend,_H%E2%80%93He" title="List of figures in Germanic heroic legend, H–He"> H–He</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_figures_in_Germanic_heroic_legend,_Hi%E2%80%93Hy" title="List of figures in Germanic heroic legend, Hi–Hy"> Hi–Hy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_figures_in_Germanic_heroic_legend,_I%E2%80%93O" title="List of figures in Germanic heroic legend, I–O"> I–O</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_figures_in_Germanic_heroic_legend,_P%E2%80%93S" title="List of figures in Germanic heroic legend, P–S"> P–S</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_figures_in_Germanic_heroic_legend,_T%E2%80%93Y" title="List of figures in Germanic heroic legend, T–Y"> T–Y</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people,_clan,_and_place_names_in_Germanic_heroic_legend" title="List of people, clan, and place names in Germanic heroic legend">people, clan, and place names in Germanic heroic legend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_named_animals_and_plants_in_Germanic_heroic_legend" title="List of named animals and plants in Germanic heroic legend">named animals and plants </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_named_weapons,_armour_and_treasures_in_Germanic_heroic_legend" title="List of named weapons, armour and treasures in Germanic heroic legend">named weapons, armour and treasures</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d6dbbe;;width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ask_and_Embla" title="Ask and Embla">Ask and Embla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Au%C3%B0r_(mythology)" title="Auðr (mythology)">Auðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Au%C3%B0umbla" title="Auðumbla">Auðumbla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aurvandill" title="Aurvandill">Aurvandill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beyla" title="Beyla">Beyla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borr" title="Borr">Borr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BAri" title="Búri">Búri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byggvir" title="Byggvir">Byggvir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%ADs" title="Dís">Dísir</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Landd%C3%ADsir" title="Landdísir">Landdísir</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germanic_dragon" title="Germanic dragon">Dragons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Draugs" class="mw-redirect" title="Draugs">Draugs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Einherjar" title="Einherjar">Einherjar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eldir" title="Eldir">Eldir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elf" title="Elf">Elves</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%B6kk%C3%A1lfar_and_Lj%C3%B3s%C3%A1lfar" title="Dökkálfar and Ljósálfar">Dark elves (Dökkálfar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%B6kk%C3%A1lfar_and_Lj%C3%B3s%C3%A1lfar" title="Dökkálfar and Ljósálfar">Light elves (Ljósálfar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Svart%C3%A1lfar" title="Svartálfar">Black elves (Svartálfar)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fimafeng" title="Fimafeng">Fimafeng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fjalar_(rooster)" title="Fjalar (rooster)">Fjalar (rooster)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenrir" title="Fenrir">Fenrir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fj%C3%B6rgyn_and_Fj%C3%B6rgynn" title="Fjörgyn and Fjörgynn">Fjörgyn and Fjörgynn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fylgja" title="Fylgja">Fylgja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garmr" title="Garmr">Garmr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gullinbursti" title="Gullinbursti">Gullinbursti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hati_Hr%C3%B3%C3%B0vitnisson" title="Hati Hróðvitnisson">Hati Hróðvitnisson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hel_(mythological_being)" title="Hel (mythological being)">Hel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hildisv%C3%ADni" class="mw-redirect" title="Hildisvíni">Hildisvíni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hj%C3%BAki_and_Bil" title="Hjúki and Bil">Hjúki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horses_of_the_%C3%86sir" title="Horses of the Æsir">Horses of the Æsir</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81rvakr_and_Alsvi%C3%B0r" title="Árvakr and Alsviðr">Árvakr and Alsviðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bl%C3%B3%C3%B0ugh%C3%B3fi" title="Blóðughófi">Blóðughófi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falh%C3%B3fnir" title="Falhófnir">Falhófnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%ADsl" class="mw-redirect" title="Gísl">Gísl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gla%C3%B0r" title="Glaðr">Glaðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gl%C3%A6r" title="Glær">Glær</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glenr" title="Glenr">Glenr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grani" title="Grani">Grani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gullfaxi" title="Gullfaxi">Gullfaxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulltoppr" title="Gulltoppr">Gulltoppr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gyllir" title="Gyllir">Gyllir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamskerpir_and_Gar%C3%B0rofa" title="Hamskerpir and Garðrofa">Hamskerpir and Garðrofa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gn%C3%A1_and_H%C3%B3fvarpnir" title="Gná and Hófvarpnir">Hófvarpnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skinfaxi_and_Hr%C3%ADmfaxi" title="Skinfaxi and Hrímfaxi">Skinfaxi and Hrímfaxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sleipnir" title="Sleipnir">Sleipnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sva%C3%B0ilfari" title="Svaðilfari">Svaðilfari</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6r%C3%B0" title="Jörð">Jörð</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6rmungandr" title="Jörmungandr">Jörmungandr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADf_and_L%C3%ADfthrasir" class="mw-redirect" title="Líf and Lífthrasir">Líf and Lífthrasir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loddf%C3%A1fnir" title="Loddfáfnir">Loddfáfnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%B3%C3%B0gu%C3%B0r" title="Móðguðr">Móðguðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nine_Daughters_of_%C3%86gir_and_R%C3%A1n" title="Nine Daughters of Ægir and Rán">Nine Daughters of Ægir and Rán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nine_Mothers_of_Heimdallr" title="Nine Mothers of Heimdallr">Nine Mothers of Heimdallr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narfi_(son_of_Loki)" title="Narfi (son of Loki)">Narfi (son of Loki)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%AD%C3%B0h%C3%B6ggr" title="Níðhöggr">Níðhöggr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norns" title="Norns">Norns</a></li> <li>Personifications <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dagr" title="Dagr">Dagr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elli" title="Elli">Elli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%B3tt" title="Nótt">Nótt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumarr_and_Vetr" title="Sumarr and Vetr">Sumarr and Vetr</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A6hr%C3%ADmnir" title="Sæhrímnir">Sæhrímnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sk%C3%ADrnir" title="Skírnir">Skírnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sk%C3%B6ll" title="Sköll">Sköll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shield-maiden" title="Shield-maiden">Shield-maiden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanngrisnir_and_Tanngnj%C3%B3str" title="Tanngrisnir and Tanngnjóstr">Tanngrisnir and Tanngnjóstr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troll" title="Troll">Troll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Ej%C3%A1lfi_and_R%C3%B6skva" title="Þjálfi and Röskva">Þjálfi and Röskva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A6ttir" class="mw-redirect" title="Vættir">Vættir</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Landv%C3%A6ttir" title="Landvættir">Landvættir</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A1li_(son_of_Loki)" title="Váli (son of Loki)">Váli (son of Loki)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valkyrie" title="Valkyrie">Valkyries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wayland_the_Smith" title="Wayland the Smith">Völundr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%B6r%C3%B0r" title="Vörðr">Vörðr</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d6dbbe;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Locations_in_Norse_mythology" title="Category:Locations in Norse mythology">Locations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d6dbbe;;width:1%">Underworld</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hel_(location)" title="Hel (location)">Hel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89lj%C3%BA%C3%B0nir" title="Éljúðnir">Éljúðnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gjallarbr%C3%BA" title="Gjallarbrú">Gjallarbrú</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A1str%C3%B6nd" title="Náströnd">Náströnd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niflhel" title="Niflhel">Niflhel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ni%C3%B0afj%C3%B6ll" title="Niðafjöll">Niðafjöll</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d6dbbe;;width:1%">Rivers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89liv%C3%A1gar" title="Élivágar">Élivágar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gj%C3%B6ll" title="Gjöll">Gjöll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Dfingr" title="Ífingr">Ífingr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerlaugar" title="Kerlaugar">Kerlaugar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6rmt_and_%C3%96rmt" title="Körmt and Örmt">Körmt and Örmt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slidr_River" title="Slidr River">Slidr River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vadgelmir" title="Vadgelmir">Vadgelmir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vimur_River" title="Vimur River">Vimur River</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d6dbbe;;width:1%">Other locations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asgard" title="Asgard">Asgard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amsvartnir" title="Amsvartnir">Amsvartnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andlang" title="Andlang">Andlang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barri" title="Barri">Barri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bifr%C3%B6st" title="Bifröst">Bifröst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bilskirnir" title="Bilskirnir">Bilskirnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Br%C3%A1vellir" title="Brávellir">Brávellir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brimir" title="Brimir">Brimir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fensalir" title="Fensalir">Fensalir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%B3lkvangr" title="Fólkvangr">Fólkvangr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Signhildsberg" title="Signhildsberg">Fornsigtuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fyrisvellir" title="Fyrisvellir">Fyrisvellir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A1lgvi%C3%B0r" title="Gálgviðr">Gálgviðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gandvik" title="Gandvik">Gandvik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gastropnir" title="Gastropnir">Gastropnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giml%C3%A9" title="Gimlé">Gimlé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ginnungagap" title="Ginnungagap">Ginnungagap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gla%C3%B0sheimr" title="Glaðsheimr">Glaðsheimr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gl%C3%A6sisvellir" title="Glæsisvellir">Glæsisvellir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glitnir" class="mw-redirect" title="Glitnir">Glitnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gnipahellir" title="Gnipahellir">Gnipahellir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grove_of_fetters" class="mw-redirect" title="Grove of fetters">Grove of fetters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hei%C3%B0r" title="Heiðr">Heiðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Himinbj%C3%B6rg" title="Himinbjörg">Himinbjörg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindarfjall" title="Hindarfjall">Hindarfjall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hlidskjalf" title="Hlidskjalf">Hlidskjalf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hnitbjorg" title="Hnitbjorg">Hnitbjorg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoddm%C3%ADmis_holt" title="Hoddmímis holt">Hoddmímis holt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I%C3%B0av%C3%B6llr" title="Iðavöllr">Iðavöllr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%A1rnvi%C3%B0r" title="Járnviðr">Járnviðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6tunheimr" title="Jötunheimr">Jötunheimr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%ADmamei%C3%B0r" title="Mímameiðr">Mímameiðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myrkvi%C3%B0r" title="Myrkviðr">Myrkviðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munarv%C3%A1gr" title="Munarvágr">Munarvágr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%B3at%C3%BAn_(mythology)" title="Nóatún (mythology)">Nóatún</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okolnir" title="Okolnir">Okolnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sessr%C3%BAmnir" title="Sessrúmnir">Sessrúmnir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindri_(mythology)" title="Sindri (mythology)">Sindri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singasteinn" title="Singasteinn">Singasteinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Er%C3%BA%C3%B0heimr" title="Þrúðheimr">Þrúðheimr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Er%C3%BA%C3%B0vangr" title="Þrúðvangr">Þrúðvangr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Erymheimr" title="Þrymheimr">Þrymheimr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamla_Uppsala" title="Gamla Uppsala">Uppsala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Atgar%C3%B0ar" title="Útgarðar">Útgarðar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valaskj%C3%A1lf" title="Valaskjálf">Valaskjálf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valhalla" title="Valhalla">Valhalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanaheimr" title="Vanaheimr">Vanaheimr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%AD%C3%B0bl%C3%A1inn" title="Víðbláinn">Víðbláinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%ADgr%C3%AD%C3%B0r" title="Vígríðr">Vígríðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ving%C3%B3lf" title="Vingólf">Vingólf</a></li> <li>Wells <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hvergelmir" title="Hvergelmir">Hvergelmir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%ADmisbrunnr" title="Mímisbrunnr">Mímisbrunnr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ur%C3%B0arbrunnr" title="Urðarbrunnr">Urðarbrunnr</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Ddalir" title="Ýdalir">Ýdalir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yggdrasil" title="Yggdrasil">Yggdrasil</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d6dbbe;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Events_in_Norse_mythology" title="Category:Events in Norse mythology">Events</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%86sir%E2%80%93Vanir_War" title="Æsir–Vanir War">Æsir–Vanir War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fimbulwinter" title="Fimbulwinter">Fimbulvetr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%B3%C3%B0i%27s_Peace" title="Fróði's Peace">Fróði's Peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hja%C3%B0ningav%C3%ADg" title="Hjaðningavíg">Hjaðningavíg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ragnar%C3%B6k" title="Ragnarök">Ragnarök</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d6dbbe;;width:1%">Sources</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="/wiki/Gesta_Danorum" title="Gesta Danorum">Gesta Danorum</a></i></span></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Edda" title="Edda">Edda</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Poetic_Edda" title="Poetic Edda">Poetic Edda</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Prose_Edda" title="Prose Edda">Prose Edda</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Runestone" title="Runestone">Runestones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saga" title="Saga">Sagas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B3msv%C3%ADkinga_saga" title="Jómsvíkinga saga">Jómsvíkinga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legendary_saga" title="Legendary saga">Legendary</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyrfing_Cycle" class="mw-redirect" title="Tyrfing Cycle">Tyrfing Cycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%B6lsung_Cycle" title="Völsung Cycle">Völsung Cycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Norse" title="Old Norse">Old Norse language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Norse_orthography" title="Old Norse orthography">Orthography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norse_mythology_in_popular_culture" title="Norse mythology in popular culture">Later influence</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d6dbbe;;width:1%">Society</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d6dbbe;;width:1%">Religious practice</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anthropomorphic_wooden_cult_figurines_of_Central_and_Northern_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Anthropomorphic wooden cult figurines of Central and Northern Europe">Anthropomorphic wooden cult figurines of Central and Northern Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bl%C3%B3t" title="Blót">Blót</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heathen_hof" title="Heathen hof">Hof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heitstrenging" title="Heitstrenging">Heitstrenging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horses_in_Germanic_paganism" title="Horses in Germanic paganism">Horses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%B6rgr" title="Hörgr">Hörgr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norse_rituals" title="Norse rituals">Worship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%96ndvegiss%C3%BAlur" title="Öndvegissúlur">Öndvegissúlur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reginnaglar" title="Reginnaglar">Reginnaglar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_trees_and_groves_in_Germanic_paganism_and_mythology" title="Sacred trees and groves in Germanic paganism and mythology">Sacred trees and groves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonarg%C3%B6ltr" title="Sonargöltr">Sonargöltr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Temple_at_Uppsala" title="Temple at Uppsala">Temple at Uppsala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Vé">Vé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wetlands_and_islands_in_Germanic_paganism" title="Wetlands and islands in Germanic paganism">Wetlands and islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d6dbbe;;width:1%">Festivals and holy periods</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81lfabl%C3%B3t" title="Álfablót">Álfablót</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%ADsabl%C3%B3t" title="Dísablót">Dísablót</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germanic_calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="Germanic calendar">Germanic calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%9Eorrabl%C3%B3t" title="Þorrablót">Þorrablót</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vetrn%C3%A6tr" class="mw-redirect" title="Vetrnætr">Vetrnætr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yule" title="Yule">Yule</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d6dbbe;;width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Death_in_Norse_paganism" title="Death in Norse paganism">Death</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ergi" title="Ergi">Ergi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9lag" title="Félag">Félag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galdr" title="Galdr">Galdr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothi" title="Gothi">Goði</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamingja" title="Hamingja">Hamingja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heiti" title="Heiti">Heiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenning" title="Kenning">Kenning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mead_hall" title="Mead hall">Mead hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C4%AB%C3%BE" title="Nīþ">Nīþ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norse_cosmology" title="Norse cosmology">Norse cosmology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Numbers_in_Norse_mythology" class="mw-redirect" title="Numbers in Norse mythology">Numbers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Norse_philosophy" title="Old Norse philosophy">Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rings_in_Germanic_cultures" class="mw-redirect" title="Rings in Germanic cultures">Rings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Runes" class="mw-redirect" title="Runes">Runes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sei%C3%B0r" title="Seiðr">Seiðr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skald" title="Skald">Skald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viking_Age" title="Viking Age">Viking Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%B6lva" class="mw-redirect" title="Völva">Völva</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d6dbbe;;width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Germanic_paganism" title="Germanic paganism">Germanic paganism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heathenry_(new_religious_movement)" title="Heathenry (new religious movement)">Heathenry (new religious movement)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_Bronze_Age" title="Nordic Bronze Age">Nordic Bronze Age</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Nibelungenlied" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Nibelungenlied" title="Template:Nibelungenlied"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Nibelungenlied" title="Template talk:Nibelungenlied"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Nibelungenlied" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Nibelungenlied"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Nibelungenlied" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><i><a href="/wiki/Nibelungenlied" title="Nibelungenlied">Nibelungenlied</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Characters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sigurd" title="Sigurd">Siegfried</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gudrun" title="Gudrun">Kriemhild</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hagen_(legend)" title="Hagen (legend)">Hagen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunther" title="Gunther">Gunther</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunhild" title="Brunhild">Brunhild</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dietrich_von_Bern" title="Dietrich von Bern">Dietrich von Bern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hildebrand" title="Hildebrand">Hildebrand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giselher_of_Burgundy" title="Giselher of Burgundy">Giselher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%BCdiger_von_Bechelaren" title="Rüdiger von Bechelaren">Rüdiger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alberich" title="Alberich">Alberich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nibelung" title="Nibelung">Nibelung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attila" title="Attila">Etzel (Attila)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related works</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Nibelungenklage" title="Nibelungenklage">Nibelungenklage</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Poetic_Edda" title="Poetic Edda">Poetic Edda</a></i></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Völsunga saga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lied_vom_H%C3%BCrnen_Seyfrid" title="Lied vom Hürnen Seyfrid">Lied vom Hürnen Seyfrid</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rosengarten_zu_Worms" title="Rosengarten zu Worms">Rosengarten zu Worms</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Biterolf_und_Dietleib" title="Biterolf und Dietleib">Biterolf und Dietleib</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Operas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Der_Ring_des_Nibelungen" title="Der Ring des Nibelungen">Der Ring des Nibelungen</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Das_Rheingold" title="Das Rheingold">Das Rheingold</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Die_Walk%C3%BCre" title="Die Walküre">Die Walküre</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Siegfried_(opera)" title="Siegfried (opera)">Siegfried</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6tterd%C3%A4mmerung" title="Götterdämmerung">Götterdämmerung</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sigurd_(opera)" title="Sigurd (opera)">Sigurd</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Die_Nibelungen" title="Die Nibelungen">Die Nibelungen</a></i> (1924)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Dragon%27s_Blood" title="The Dragon's Blood">The Dragon's Blood</a></i> (1957)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Die_Nibelungen_(1966%E2%80%9367_film)" title="Die Nibelungen (1966–67 film)">Die Nibelungen</a></i> (1966/1967)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dark_Kingdom:_The_Dragon_King" title="Dark Kingdom: The Dragon King">Dark Kingdom: The Dragon King</a></i> (2004)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Books</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Das_Nibelungenlied:_Ein_Heldenepos_in_39_Abenteuern" title="Das Nibelungenlied: Ein Heldenepos in 39 Abenteuern">Das Nibelungenlied: Ein Heldenepos in 39 Abenteuern</a></i> (novel)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Comic Books</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Roy_Thomas" title="Roy Thomas">The Ring of the Nibelung</a></i> (1989-1990)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/P._Craig_Russell" title="P. Craig Russell">The Ring of the Nibelung</a></i> (2000-2001)</li> <li><i>Siegfried</i> (2007)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Völsunga_saga&oldid=1190052541">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Völsunga_saga&oldid=1190052541</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:V%C3%B6lsung_cycle" title="Category:Völsung cycle">Völsung cycle</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:13th-century_poems" title="Category:13th-century poems">13th-century poems</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Legendary_sagas" title="Category:Legendary sagas">Legendary sagas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Nibelung_tradition" title="Category:Nibelung tradition">Nibelung tradition</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_November_2023" title="Category:Use dmy dates from November 2023">Use dmy dates from November 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_December_2014" title="Category:Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from December 2014">Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from December 2014</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_foreign_language_sources_(ISO_639-2)" title="Category:CS1 foreign language sources (ISO 639-2)">CS1 foreign language sources (ISO 639-2)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Norwegian-language_sources_(no)" title="Category:CS1 Norwegian-language sources (no)">CS1 Norwegian-language sources (no)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Danish-language_sources_(da)" title="Category:CS1 Danish-language sources (da)">CS1 Danish-language sources (da)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Swedish-language_sources_(sv)" title="Category:CS1 Swedish-language sources (sv)">CS1 Swedish-language sources (sv)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_LibriVox_links" title="Category:Articles with LibriVox links">Articles with LibriVox links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Latin-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Latin-language text">Articles containing Latin-language text</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 15 December 2023, at 17:29<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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