CINXE.COM

<!doctype html><html lang="en-US" class="no-js"><head><script data-no-optimize="1">var litespeed_docref=sessionStorage.getItem("litespeed_docref");litespeed_docref&&(Object.defineProperty(document,"referrer",{get:function(){return litespeed_docref}}),sessionStorage.removeItem("litespeed_docref"));</script> <meta charset="UTF-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=0" /><meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' /><style>img:is([sizes="auto" i], [sizes^="auto," i]) { contain-intrinsic-size: 3000px 1500px }</style><meta name="dlm-version" content="5.0.21"><title>Travel is back in ASEAN — Singapore Institute of International Affairs</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://siiaonline.org/travel-is-back-in-asean/" /><meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /><meta property="og:type" content="article" /><meta property="og:title" content="Travel is back in ASEAN — Singapore Institute of International Affairs" /><meta property="og:description" content="Part of the ASEAN nations’ recovery plans include having their own unique strategies to reopen their borders for tourism. From strictly domestic tourism to Vaccinated Travel Lanes (VTL), the increase..." /><meta property="og:url" content="https://siiaonline.org/travel-is-back-in-asean/" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="Singapore Institute of International Affairs" /><meta property="article:published_time" content="2021-10-19T09:28:55+00:00" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/1.png" /><meta property="og:image:width" content="1080" /><meta property="og:image:height" content="1080" /><meta property="og:image:type" content="image/png" /><meta name="author" content="SIIA Membership Admin" /><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /><meta name="twitter:label1" content="Written by" /><meta name="twitter:data1" content="SIIA Membership Admin" /><meta name="twitter:label2" content="Est. reading time" /><meta name="twitter:data2" content="1 minute" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https://siiaonline.org/travel-is-back-in-asean/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://siiaonline.org/travel-is-back-in-asean/"},"author":{"name":"SIIA Membership Admin","@id":"https://siiaonline.org/#/schema/person/4862f52d5036b7befdc7a408dfbc869c"},"headline":"Travel is back in ASEAN","datePublished":"2021-10-19T09:28:55+00:00","dateModified":"2021-10-19T09:28:55+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https://siiaonline.org/travel-is-back-in-asean/"},"wordCount":114,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https://siiaonline.org/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https://siiaonline.org/travel-is-back-in-asean/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/1.png","keywords":["ASEAN","ID: Indonesia","MY: Malaysia","TH: Thailand","VN: Vietnam"],"articleSection":["FOR ALL MEMBERS"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https://siiaonline.org/travel-is-back-in-asean/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://siiaonline.org/travel-is-back-in-asean/","url":"https://siiaonline.org/travel-is-back-in-asean/","name":"Travel is back in ASEAN — Singapore Institute of International Affairs","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://siiaonline.org/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https://siiaonline.org/travel-is-back-in-asean/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https://siiaonline.org/travel-is-back-in-asean/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/1.png","datePublished":"2021-10-19T09:28:55+00:00","dateModified":"2021-10-19T09:28:55+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://siiaonline.org/travel-is-back-in-asean/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://siiaonline.org/travel-is-back-in-asean/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://siiaonline.org/travel-is-back-in-asean/#primaryimage","url":"https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/1.png","contentUrl":"https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/1.png","width":1080,"height":1080},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://siiaonline.org/travel-is-back-in-asean/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://siiaonline.org/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"FOR ALL MEMBERS","item":"https://siiaonline.org/category/for-all-members/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Travel is back in ASEAN"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://siiaonline.org/#website","url":"https://siiaonline.org/","name":"Singapore Institute of International Affairs","description":"A think tank for thinking people","publisher":{"@id":"https://siiaonline.org/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://siiaonline.org/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://siiaonline.org/#organization","name":"Singapore Institute of International Affairs","url":"https://siiaonline.org/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://siiaonline.org/#/schema/logo/image/","url":"https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/SIIA-logo-colour-1.svg","contentUrl":"https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/SIIA-logo-colour-1.svg","width":1,"height":1,"caption":"Singapore Institute of International Affairs"},"image":{"@id":"https://siiaonline.org/#/schema/logo/image/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https://siiaonline.org/#/schema/person/4862f52d5036b7befdc7a408dfbc869c","name":"SIIA Membership Admin","description":"Established in 1962, the Singapore Institute of International Affairs (SIIA) is a non-profit and independent think tank committed to producing policy analysis, fostering in-depth dialogues and bridging gaps between policymakers, private sector decision-makers and experts to shape public policy and social responses. Centred around ASEAN focused themes, the institute aims to deliver policy analysis in international affairs and on issues driving environmental sustainability."}]}</script> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//www.googletagmanager.com' /><link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Singapore Institute of International Affairs » Feed" href="https://siiaonline.org/feed/" /><link rel="alternate" type="text/calendar" title="Singapore Institute of International Affairs » iCal Feed" href="https://siiaonline.org/events/?ical=1" /><link rel="preload" href="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/themes/hellopomelo/css/fonts/icomoon.woff?v=1.6" as="font" type="font/woff" crossorigin="anonymous"><link rel='stylesheet' id='tribe-events-pro-mini-calendar-block-styles-css' href='https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/plugins/events-calendar-pro/src/resources/css/tribe-events-pro-mini-calendar-block.min.css' type='text/css' media='all' /><style id='filebird-block-filebird-gallery-style-inline-css' type='text/css'>ul.filebird-block-filebird-gallery{margin:auto!important;padding:0!important;width:100%}ul.filebird-block-filebird-gallery.layout-grid{display:grid;grid-gap:20px;align-items:stretch;grid-template-columns:repeat(var(--columns),1fr);justify-items:stretch}ul.filebird-block-filebird-gallery.layout-grid li img{border:1px solid #ccc;box-shadow:2px 2px 6px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.3);height:100%;max-width:100%;-o-object-fit:cover;object-fit:cover;width:100%}ul.filebird-block-filebird-gallery.layout-masonry{-moz-column-count:var(--columns);-moz-column-gap:var(--space);column-gap:var(--space);-moz-column-width:var(--min-width);columns:var(--min-width) var(--columns);display:block;overflow:auto}ul.filebird-block-filebird-gallery.layout-masonry li{margin-bottom:var(--space)}ul.filebird-block-filebird-gallery li{list-style:none}ul.filebird-block-filebird-gallery li figure{height:100%;margin:0;padding:0;position:relative;width:100%}ul.filebird-block-filebird-gallery li figure figcaption{background:linear-gradient(0deg,rgba(0,0,0,.7),rgba(0,0,0,.3) 70%,transparent);bottom:0;box-sizing:border-box;color:#fff;font-size:.8em;margin:0;max-height:100%;overflow:auto;padding:3em .77em .7em;position:absolute;text-align:center;width:100%;z-index:2}ul.filebird-block-filebird-gallery li figure figcaption a{color:inherit}</style><style id='global-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'>:root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:root { --wp--style--global--content-size: 1300px;--wp--style--global--wide-size: 1300px; }:where(body) { margin: 0; }.wp-site-blocks > .alignleft { float: left; margin-right: 2em; }.wp-site-blocks > .alignright { float: right; margin-left: 2em; }.wp-site-blocks > .aligncenter { justify-content: center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; }:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}.is-layout-flow > .alignleft{float: left;margin-inline-start: 0;margin-inline-end: 2em;}.is-layout-flow > .alignright{float: right;margin-inline-start: 2em;margin-inline-end: 0;}.is-layout-flow > .aligncenter{margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}.is-layout-constrained > .alignleft{float: left;margin-inline-start: 0;margin-inline-end: 2em;}.is-layout-constrained > .alignright{float: right;margin-inline-start: 2em;margin-inline-end: 0;}.is-layout-constrained > .aligncenter{margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}.is-layout-constrained > :where(:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright):not(.alignfull)){max-width: var(--wp--style--global--content-size);margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}.is-layout-constrained > .alignwide{max-width: var(--wp--style--global--wide-size);}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body{padding-top: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;}:root :where(.wp-element-button, .wp-block-button__link){background-color: #32373c;border-width: 0;color: #fff;font-family: inherit;font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;padding: calc(0.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);text-decoration: none;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} :root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;}</style><link rel='stylesheet' id='salient-social-css' href='https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/plugins/salient-social/css/style.css' type='text/css' media='all' /><style id='salient-social-inline-css' type='text/css'>.sharing-default-minimal .nectar-love.loved, body .nectar-social[data-color-override="override"].fixed > a:before, body .nectar-social[data-color-override="override"].fixed .nectar-social-inner a, .sharing-default-minimal .nectar-social[data-color-override="override"] .nectar-social-inner a:hover, .nectar-social.vertical[data-color-override="override"] .nectar-social-inner a:hover { background-color: #002e6d; } .nectar-social.hover .nectar-love.loved, .nectar-social.hover > .nectar-love-button a:hover, .nectar-social[data-color-override="override"].hover > div a:hover, #single-below-header .nectar-social[data-color-override="override"].hover > div a:hover, .nectar-social[data-color-override="override"].hover .share-btn:hover, .sharing-default-minimal .nectar-social[data-color-override="override"] .nectar-social-inner a { border-color: #002e6d; } #single-below-header .nectar-social.hover .nectar-love.loved i, #single-below-header .nectar-social.hover[data-color-override="override"] a:hover, #single-below-header .nectar-social.hover[data-color-override="override"] a:hover i, #single-below-header .nectar-social.hover .nectar-love-button a:hover i, .nectar-love:hover i, .hover .nectar-love:hover .total_loves, .nectar-love.loved i, .nectar-social.hover .nectar-love.loved .total_loves, .nectar-social.hover .share-btn:hover, .nectar-social[data-color-override="override"].hover .nectar-social-inner a:hover, .nectar-social[data-color-override="override"].hover > div:hover span, .sharing-default-minimal .nectar-social[data-color-override="override"] .nectar-social-inner a:not(:hover) i, .sharing-default-minimal .nectar-social[data-color-override="override"] .nectar-social-inner a:not(:hover) { color: #002e6d; }</style><link rel='stylesheet' id='font-awesome-css' href='https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/themes/hellopomelo/css/font-awesome.min.css' type='text/css' media='all' /><link rel='stylesheet' id='salient-grid-system-css' href='https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/themes/hellopomelo/css/build/grid-system.css' type='text/css' media='all' /><link rel='stylesheet' id='main-styles-css' href='https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/themes/hellopomelo/css/build/style.css' type='text/css' media='all' /><style id='main-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'>@media only screen and (max-width: 999px) and (min-width: 691px) { #page-header-bg .page-header-bg-image { background-image: url("https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/1-1024x1024.png")!important; } } @media only screen and (max-width: 690px) { #page-header-bg .page-header-bg-image { background-image: url("https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/1.png")!important; } }</style><link rel='stylesheet' id='nectar-header-layout-centered-menu-css' href='https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/themes/hellopomelo/css/build/header/header-layout-centered-menu.css' type='text/css' media='all' /><link rel='stylesheet' id='nectar-header-secondary-nav-css' href='https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/themes/hellopomelo/css/build/header/header-secondary-nav.css' type='text/css' media='all' /><link rel='stylesheet' id='nectar-single-styles-css' href='https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/themes/hellopomelo/css/build/single.css' type='text/css' media='all' /><link rel='stylesheet' id='nectar-element-post-grid-css' href='https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/themes/hellopomelo/css/build/elements/element-post-grid.css' type='text/css' media='all' /><style id='nectar-element-post-grid-inline-css' type='text/css'>.nectar-post-grid[data-grid-item-height="30vh"] .nectar-post-grid-item { min-height: 30vh; } .nectar-post-grid-wrap[data-style="content_under_image"] [data-grid-item-height="30vh"] .nectar-post-grid-item-bg { height: 30vh; } .nectar-post-grid[data-border-radius="5px"][data-text-layout="all_bottom_left_shadow"] .nectar-post-grid-item:before, .nectar-post-grid-wrap:not([data-style="content_under_image"]) .nectar-post-grid[data-border-radius="5px"] .nectar-post-grid-item .inner, .nectar-post-grid[data-border-radius="5px"] .bg-overlay, .nectar-post-grid[data-border-radius="5px"][data-shadow-hover="yes"] .nectar-post-grid-item:after, .nectar-post-grid[data-border-radius="5px"] .nectar-post-grid-item-bg, .nectar-post-grid[data-border-radius="5px"] .nectar-post-grid-item-bg-wrap, [data-style="mouse_follow_image"] .nectar-post-grid[data-border-radius="5px"] .nectar-post-grid-item-bg-wrap-inner, .nectar-post-grid[data-border-radius="5px"][data-text-layout="all_bottom_left_shadow"] .nectar-post-grid-item div.inner:before { border-radius: 5px; } .nectar-post-grid[data-border-radius="5px"] .nectar-post-grid-item-bg, .nectar-post-grid[data-border-radius="5px"] .nectar-post-grid-item-bg-wrap { overflow: hidden; } .nectar-post-grid[data-border-radius="5px"] .nectar-post-grid-item-bg-wrap { transform: translateZ(0); } [data-style="content_under_image"] .nectar-post-grid[data-border-radius="5px"] .nectar-post-grid-item__has-secondary .nectar-post-grid-item-bg, [data-style="content_under_image"] .nectar-post-grid[data-border-radius="5px"]:not([data-card="yes"]) .nectar-post-grid-item-bg-wrap, [data-style="content_under_image"] .nectar-post-grid[data-border-radius="5px"][data-lock-aspect="yes"]:not([data-card="yes"]) .img-wrap, [data-style="content_under_image"] .nectar-post-grid[data-border-radius="5px"][data-card="yes"] .nectar-post-grid-item, [data-style="content_under_image"] .nectar-post-grid[data-border-radius="5px"][data-shadow-hover="yes"][data-card="yes"] .nectar-post-grid-item:after { border-radius: 5px; } @media only screen and (max-width: 690px) { .vc_col-xs-4 .nectar-post-grid .nectar-post-grid-item .meta-excerpt, .vc_col-xs-6 .nectar-post-grid .nectar-post-grid-item .meta-excerpt { font-size: 12px; } .nectar-post-grid .nectar-post-grid-item .content .post-heading, .nectar-post-grid-wrap:not([data-style=content_overlaid]) .nectar-post-grid-item .content .meta-excerpt { max-width: 100%; } } .nectar-post-grid-wrap.additional-meta-size-small .nectar-post-grid-item__meta-wrap { font-size: 0.8em; }#ajax-content-wrap .nectar-post-grid[data-columns="1"] > .nectar-post-grid-item:nth-child(1) { margin-top: 0; } #ajax-content-wrap .nectar-post-grid[data-columns="1"] > .nectar-post-grid-item:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; } .wpb_row.full-width-content .vc_col-sm-12 .nectar-post-grid[data-grid-spacing="15px"] { margin: 15px; } .nectar-post-grid[data-grid-spacing="15px"] { margin-left: -15px; margin-right: -15px; } .nectar-post-grid[data-grid-spacing="15px"] .nectar-post-grid-item { margin: 15px; } @media only screen and (min-width: 1000px) { body[data-body-border="1"] .wpb_row.full-width-content .vc_col-sm-12 .nectar-post-grid[data-grid-spacing="15px"]{ margin: 15px -14px; } } .nectar-post-grid[data-columns="4"][data-grid-spacing="15px"] .nectar-post-grid-item { width: calc(25% - 30px); } .nectar-post-grid[data-columns="3"][data-grid-spacing="15px"] .nectar-post-grid-item { width: calc(33.32% - 30px); } .nectar-post-grid[data-columns="2"][data-grid-spacing="15px"] .nectar-post-grid-item { width: calc(50% - 30px); } @media only screen and (max-width: 999px) and (min-width: 691px) { body .nectar-post-grid[data-columns][data-grid-spacing="15px"]:not([data-columns="1"]):not([data-masonry="yes"]) .nectar-post-grid-item { width: calc(50% - 30px); } }@media only screen and (min-width: 1000px) { .nectar-post-grid.custom_font_size_20px .post-heading { font-size: 20px; } }@media only screen and (min-width: 1000px) { #ajax-content-wrap .custom_font_size_20px.nectar-post-grid .nectar-post-grid-item .post-heading, .custom_font_size_20px.nectar-post-grid .nectar-post-grid-item .post-heading { font-size: 20px; } }@media only screen and (min-width: 1000px) { #ajax-content-wrap .custom_font_size_20px.nectar-post-grid .nectar-post-grid-item .post-heading, .custom_font_size_20px.nectar-post-grid .nectar-post-grid-item .post-heading, #header-outer .custom_font_size_20px.nectar-post-grid .nectar-post-grid-item .post-heading { font-size: 20px; } }#ajax-content-wrap .font_line_height_1-3.nectar-post-grid .nectar-post-grid-item .post-heading, body .font_line_height_1-3.nectar-post-grid .nectar-post-grid-item .post-heading { line-height: 1.3; } .nectar-post-grid-item .bg-overlay[data-opacity="0.3"] { opacity: 0.3; } .nectar-post-grid-item:hover .bg-overlay[data-hover-opacity="0.4"] { opacity: 0.4; } .nectar-post-grid-wrap .category-position-overlaid .nectar-post-grid-item .content { position: static!important; } .nectar-post-grid-wrap .category-position-overlaid .nectar-post-grid-item .meta-category { position: absolute; width: calc(100% - 40px); z-index: 100; top: 20px; left: 20px; }#ajax-content-wrap .nectar-post-grid-wrap .category-position-overlaid .nectar-post-grid-item .meta-category a.style-underline, body .nectar-post-grid-wrap .category-position-overlaid .nectar-post-grid-item .meta-category a.style-underline { color: #fff; } #ajax-content-wrap .nectar-post-grid-wrap .category-position-overlaid .nectar-post-grid-item .meta-category a.style-underline:before, body .nectar-post-grid-wrap .category-position-overlaid .nectar-post-grid-item .meta-category a.style-underline:before { background-color: #fff; }.category-position-before-title.nectar-post-grid .nectar-post-grid-item .item-meta-extra { margin-top: 0; } .category-position-before-title .item-main > .nectar-post-grid-item__meta-wrap:not(:empty) { margin-top: 10px; } @media only screen and (min-width: 1000px) { .spacing-15px .nectar-post-grid-filters { padding-bottom: 0; padding-top: 15px; } .full-width-content .span_12 .spacing-15px .nectar-post-grid-filters { padding-top: 30px; } } @media only screen and (max-width: 999px) { .spacing-15px .nectar-post-grid-filters { padding-bottom: 0; } } .nectar-archive-blog-wrap { display: flex; } .nectar-archive-blog-wrap .post-area { margin-top: 0; } body .nectar-archive-blog-wrap #sidebar { padding-left: 4%; width: 33%; } @media only screen and (max-width: 999px) { .nectar-archive-blog-wrap { flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 30px; } body .nectar-archive-blog-wrap .post-area, body .nectar-archive-blog-wrap #sidebar { width: 100%; padding-left: 0; } } .post-area #pagination { padding-left: 0; margin-top: 40px; }</style><link rel='stylesheet' id='nectar-element-fancy-unordered-list-css' href='https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/themes/hellopomelo/css/build/elements/element-fancy-unordered-list.css' type='text/css' media='all' /><link rel='stylesheet' id='nectar-element-wpb-column-border-css' href='https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/themes/hellopomelo/css/build/elements/element-wpb-column-border.css' type='text/css' media='all' /><link rel='stylesheet' id='nectar-element-recent-posts-css' href='https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/themes/hellopomelo/css/build/elements/element-recent-posts.css' type='text/css' media='all' /><link rel='stylesheet' id='nectar-basic-events-calendar-css' href='https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/themes/hellopomelo/css/build/third-party/events-calendar.css' type='text/css' media='all' /><link rel='stylesheet' id='nectar-brands-css' href='https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/themes/hellopomelo/css/nectar-brands.css' type='text/css' media='all' /><link rel='stylesheet' id='responsive-css' href='https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/themes/hellopomelo/css/build/responsive.css' type='text/css' media='all' /><link rel='stylesheet' id='select2-css' href='https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/themes/hellopomelo/css/build/plugins/select2.css' type='text/css' media='all' /><link rel='stylesheet' id='skin-material-css' href='https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/themes/hellopomelo/css/build/skin-material.css' type='text/css' media='all' /><link rel='stylesheet' id='salient-wp-menu-dynamic-css' href='https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/salient/menu-dynamic.css' type='text/css' media='all' /><link rel='stylesheet' id='nectar-widget-posts-css' href='https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/themes/hellopomelo/css/build/elements/widget-nectar-posts.css' type='text/css' media='all' /><link rel='stylesheet' id='dynamic-css-css' href='https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/themes/hellopomelo/css/salient-dynamic-styles.css' type='text/css' media='all' /><style id='dynamic-css-inline-css' type='text/css'>#ajax-content-wrap .blog-title #single-below-header > span{padding:0 20px 0 20px;}#page-header-bg[data-post-hs="default_minimal"] .inner-wrap{text-align:center}#page-header-bg[data-post-hs="default_minimal"] .inner-wrap >a,.material #page-header-bg.fullscreen-header .inner-wrap >a{color:#fff;font-weight:600;border:var(--nectar-border-thickness) solid rgba(255,255,255,0.4);padding:4px 10px;margin:5px 6px 0 5px;display:inline-block;transition:all 0.2s ease;-webkit-transition:all 0.2s ease;font-size:14px;line-height:18px}body.material #page-header-bg.fullscreen-header .inner-wrap >a{margin-bottom:15px;}body.material #page-header-bg.fullscreen-header .inner-wrap >a{border:none;padding:6px 10px}body[data-button-style^="rounded"] #page-header-bg[data-post-hs="default_minimal"] .inner-wrap >a,body[data-button-style^="rounded"].material #page-header-bg.fullscreen-header .inner-wrap >a{border-radius:100px}body.single [data-post-hs="default_minimal"] #single-below-header span,body.single .heading-title[data-header-style="default_minimal"] #single-below-header span{line-height:14px;}#page-header-bg[data-post-hs="default_minimal"] #single-below-header{text-align:center;position:relative;z-index:100}#page-header-bg[data-post-hs="default_minimal"] #single-below-header span{float:none;display:inline-block}#page-header-bg[data-post-hs="default_minimal"] .inner-wrap >a:hover,#page-header-bg[data-post-hs="default_minimal"] .inner-wrap >a:focus{border-color:transparent}#page-header-bg.fullscreen-header .avatar,#page-header-bg[data-post-hs="default_minimal"] .avatar{border-radius:100%}#page-header-bg.fullscreen-header .meta-author span,#page-header-bg[data-post-hs="default_minimal"] .meta-author span{display:block}#page-header-bg.fullscreen-header .meta-author img{margin-bottom:0;height:50px;width:auto}#page-header-bg[data-post-hs="default_minimal"] .meta-author img{margin-bottom:0;height:40px;width:auto}#page-header-bg[data-post-hs="default_minimal"] .author-section{position:absolute;bottom:30px}#page-header-bg.fullscreen-header .meta-author,#page-header-bg[data-post-hs="default_minimal"] .meta-author{font-size:18px}#page-header-bg.fullscreen-header .author-section .meta-date,#page-header-bg[data-post-hs="default_minimal"] .author-section .meta-date{font-size:12px;color:rgba(255,255,255,0.8)}#page-header-bg.fullscreen-header .author-section .meta-date i{font-size:12px}#page-header-bg[data-post-hs="default_minimal"] .author-section .meta-date i{font-size:11px;line-height:14px}#page-header-bg[data-post-hs="default_minimal"] .author-section .avatar-post-info{position:relative;top:-5px}#page-header-bg.fullscreen-header .author-section a,#page-header-bg[data-post-hs="default_minimal"] .author-section a{display:block;margin-bottom:-2px}#page-header-bg[data-post-hs="default_minimal"] .author-section a{font-size:14px;line-height:14px}#page-header-bg.fullscreen-header .author-section a:hover,#page-header-bg[data-post-hs="default_minimal"] .author-section a:hover{color:rgba(255,255,255,0.85)!important}#page-header-bg.fullscreen-header .author-section,#page-header-bg[data-post-hs="default_minimal"] .author-section{width:100%;z-index:10;text-align:center}#page-header-bg.fullscreen-header .author-section{margin-top:25px;}#page-header-bg.fullscreen-header .author-section span,#page-header-bg[data-post-hs="default_minimal"] .author-section span{padding-left:0;line-height:20px;font-size:20px}#page-header-bg.fullscreen-header .author-section .avatar-post-info,#page-header-bg[data-post-hs="default_minimal"] .author-section .avatar-post-info{margin-left:10px}#page-header-bg.fullscreen-header .author-section .avatar-post-info,#page-header-bg.fullscreen-header .author-section .meta-author,#page-header-bg[data-post-hs="default_minimal"] .author-section .avatar-post-info,#page-header-bg[data-post-hs="default_minimal"] .author-section .meta-author{text-align:left;display:inline-block;top:9px}@media only screen and (min-width :690px) and (max-width :999px){body.single-post #page-header-bg[data-post-hs="default_minimal"]{padding-top:10%;padding-bottom:10%;}}@media only screen and (max-width :690px){#ajax-content-wrap #page-header-bg[data-post-hs="default_minimal"] #single-below-header span:not(.rich-snippet-hidden),#ajax-content-wrap .row.heading-title[data-header-style="default_minimal"] .col.section-title span.meta-category{display:inline-block;}.container-wrap[data-remove-post-comment-number="0"][data-remove-post-author="0"][data-remove-post-date="0"] .heading-title[data-header-style="default_minimal"] #single-below-header > span,#page-header-bg[data-post-hs="default_minimal"] .span_6[data-remove-post-comment-number="0"][data-remove-post-author="0"][data-remove-post-date="0"] #single-below-header > span{padding:0 8px;}.container-wrap[data-remove-post-comment-number="0"][data-remove-post-author="0"][data-remove-post-date="0"] .heading-title[data-header-style="default_minimal"] #single-below-header span,#page-header-bg[data-post-hs="default_minimal"] .span_6[data-remove-post-comment-number="0"][data-remove-post-author="0"][data-remove-post-date="0"] #single-below-header span{font-size:13px;line-height:10px;}.material #page-header-bg.fullscreen-header .author-section{margin-top:5px;}#page-header-bg.fullscreen-header .author-section{bottom:20px;}#page-header-bg.fullscreen-header .author-section .meta-date:not(.updated){margin-top:-4px;display:block;}#page-header-bg.fullscreen-header .author-section .avatar-post-info{margin:10px 0 0 0;}}#page-header-bg h1,#page-header-bg .subheader,.nectar-box-roll .overlaid-content h1,.nectar-box-roll .overlaid-content .subheader,#page-header-bg #portfolio-nav a i,body .section-title #portfolio-nav a:hover i,.page-header-no-bg h1,.page-header-no-bg span,#page-header-bg #portfolio-nav a i,#page-header-bg span,#page-header-bg #single-below-header a:hover,#page-header-bg #single-below-header a:focus,#page-header-bg.fullscreen-header .author-section a{color:#ffffff!important;}body #page-header-bg .pinterest-share i,body #page-header-bg .facebook-share i,body #page-header-bg .linkedin-share i,body #page-header-bg .twitter-share i,body #page-header-bg .google-plus-share i,body #page-header-bg .icon-salient-heart,body #page-header-bg .icon-salient-heart-2{color:#ffffff;}#page-header-bg[data-post-hs="default_minimal"] .inner-wrap > a:not(:hover){color:#ffffff;border-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.4);}.single #page-header-bg #single-below-header > span{border-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.4);}body .section-title #portfolio-nav a:hover i{opacity:0.75;}.single #page-header-bg .blog-title #single-meta .nectar-social.hover > div a,.single #page-header-bg .blog-title #single-meta > div a,.single #page-header-bg .blog-title #single-meta ul .n-shortcode a,#page-header-bg .blog-title #single-meta .nectar-social.hover .share-btn{border-color:rgba(255,255,255,0.4);}.single #page-header-bg .blog-title #single-meta .nectar-social.hover > div a:hover,#page-header-bg .blog-title #single-meta .nectar-social.hover .share-btn:hover,.single #page-header-bg .blog-title #single-meta div > a:hover,.single #page-header-bg .blog-title #single-meta ul .n-shortcode a:hover,.single #page-header-bg .blog-title #single-meta ul li:not(.meta-share-count):hover > a{border-color:rgba(255,255,255,1);}.single #page-header-bg #single-meta div span,.single #page-header-bg #single-meta > div a,.single #page-header-bg #single-meta > div i{color:#ffffff!important;}.single #page-header-bg #single-meta ul .meta-share-count .nectar-social a i{color:rgba(255,255,255,0.7)!important;}.single #page-header-bg #single-meta ul .meta-share-count .nectar-social a:hover i{color:rgba(255,255,255,1)!important;}.no-rgba #header-space{display:none;}@media only screen and (max-width:999px){body #header-space[data-header-mobile-fixed="1"]{display:none;}#header-outer[data-mobile-fixed="false"]{position:absolute;}}@media only screen and (max-width:999px){body:not(.nectar-no-flex-height) #header-space[data-secondary-header-display="full"]:not([data-header-mobile-fixed="false"]){display:block!important;margin-bottom:-66px;}#header-space[data-secondary-header-display="full"][data-header-mobile-fixed="false"]{display:none;}}@media only screen and (min-width:1000px){#header-space{display:none;}.nectar-slider-wrap.first-section,.parallax_slider_outer.first-section,.full-width-content.first-section,.parallax_slider_outer.first-section .swiper-slide .content,.nectar-slider-wrap.first-section .swiper-slide .content,#page-header-bg,.nder-page-header,#page-header-wrap,.full-width-section.first-section{margin-top:0!important;}body #page-header-bg,body #page-header-wrap{height:148px;}body #search-outer{z-index:100000;}}@media only screen and (min-width:1000px){#page-header-wrap.fullscreen-header,#page-header-wrap.fullscreen-header #page-header-bg,html:not(.nectar-box-roll-loaded) .nectar-box-roll > #page-header-bg.fullscreen-header,.nectar_fullscreen_zoom_recent_projects,#nectar_fullscreen_rows:not(.afterLoaded) > div{height:100vh;}.wpb_row.vc_row-o-full-height.top-level,.wpb_row.vc_row-o-full-height.top-level > .col.span_12{min-height:100vh;}#page-header-bg[data-alignment-v="middle"] .span_6 .inner-wrap,#page-header-bg[data-alignment-v="top"] .span_6 .inner-wrap,.blog-archive-header.color-bg .container{padding-top:103px;}#page-header-wrap.container #page-header-bg .span_6 .inner-wrap{padding-top:0;}.nectar-slider-wrap[data-fullscreen="true"]:not(.loaded),.nectar-slider-wrap[data-fullscreen="true"]:not(.loaded) .swiper-container{height:calc(100vh + 2px)!important;}.admin-bar .nectar-slider-wrap[data-fullscreen="true"]:not(.loaded),.admin-bar .nectar-slider-wrap[data-fullscreen="true"]:not(.loaded) .swiper-container{height:calc(100vh - 30px)!important;}}@media only screen and (max-width:999px){#page-header-bg[data-alignment-v="middle"]:not(.fullscreen-header) .span_6 .inner-wrap,#page-header-bg[data-alignment-v="top"] .span_6 .inner-wrap,.blog-archive-header.color-bg .container{padding-top:50px;}.vc_row.top-level.full-width-section:not(.full-width-ns) > .span_12,#page-header-bg[data-alignment-v="bottom"] .span_6 .inner-wrap{padding-top:40px;}}@media only screen and (max-width:690px){.vc_row.top-level.full-width-section:not(.full-width-ns) > .span_12{padding-top:50px;}.vc_row.top-level.full-width-content .nectar-recent-posts-single_featured .recent-post-container > .inner-wrap{padding-top:40px;}}@media only screen and (max-width:999px) and (min-width:691px){#page-header-bg[data-alignment-v="middle"]:not(.fullscreen-header) .span_6 .inner-wrap,#page-header-bg[data-alignment-v="top"] .span_6 .inner-wrap,.vc_row.top-level.full-width-section:not(.full-width-ns) > .span_12{padding-top:90px;}}@media only screen and (max-width:999px){.full-width-ns .nectar-slider-wrap .swiper-slide[data-y-pos="middle"] .content,.full-width-ns .nectar-slider-wrap .swiper-slide[data-y-pos="top"] .content{padding-top:30px;}}@media only screen and (max-width:999px){.using-mobile-browser #nectar_fullscreen_rows:not(.afterLoaded):not([data-mobile-disable="on"]) > div{height:calc(100vh - 76px);}.using-mobile-browser .wpb_row.vc_row-o-full-height.top-level,.using-mobile-browser .wpb_row.vc_row-o-full-height.top-level > .col.span_12,[data-permanent-transparent="1"].using-mobile-browser .wpb_row.vc_row-o-full-height.top-level,[data-permanent-transparent="1"].using-mobile-browser .wpb_row.vc_row-o-full-height.top-level > .col.span_12{min-height:calc(100vh - 76px);}html:not(.nectar-box-roll-loaded) .nectar-box-roll > #page-header-bg.fullscreen-header,.nectar_fullscreen_zoom_recent_projects,.nectar-slider-wrap[data-fullscreen="true"]:not(.loaded),.nectar-slider-wrap[data-fullscreen="true"]:not(.loaded) .swiper-container,#nectar_fullscreen_rows:not(.afterLoaded):not([data-mobile-disable="on"]) > div{height:calc(100vh - 1px);}.wpb_row.vc_row-o-full-height.top-level,.wpb_row.vc_row-o-full-height.top-level > .col.span_12{min-height:calc(100vh - 1px);}body[data-transparent-header="false"] #ajax-content-wrap.no-scroll{min-height:calc(100vh - 1px);height:calc(100vh - 1px);}}.nectar-post-grid[data-grid-item-height="30vh"] .nectar-post-grid-item{min-height:30vh;}.nectar-post-grid-wrap[data-style="content_under_image"] [data-grid-item-height="30vh"] .nectar-post-grid-item-bg{height:30vh;}.nectar-post-grid[data-border-radius="5px"][data-text-layout="all_bottom_left_shadow"] .nectar-post-grid-item:before,.nectar-post-grid-wrap:not([data-style="content_under_image"]) .nectar-post-grid[data-border-radius="5px"] .nectar-post-grid-item .inner,.nectar-post-grid[data-border-radius="5px"] .bg-overlay,.nectar-post-grid[data-border-radius="5px"][data-shadow-hover="yes"] .nectar-post-grid-item:after,.nectar-post-grid[data-border-radius="5px"] .nectar-post-grid-item-bg,.nectar-post-grid[data-border-radius="5px"] .nectar-post-grid-item-bg-wrap,[data-style="mouse_follow_image"] .nectar-post-grid[data-border-radius="5px"] .nectar-post-grid-item-bg-wrap-inner,.nectar-post-grid[data-border-radius="5px"][data-text-layout="all_bottom_left_shadow"] .nectar-post-grid-item div.inner:before{border-radius:5px;}.nectar-post-grid[data-border-radius="5px"] .nectar-post-grid-item-bg,.nectar-post-grid[data-border-radius="5px"] .nectar-post-grid-item-bg-wrap{overflow:hidden;}.nectar-post-grid[data-border-radius="5px"] .nectar-post-grid-item-bg-wrap{transform:translateZ(0);}[data-style="content_under_image"] .nectar-post-grid[data-border-radius="5px"] .nectar-post-grid-item__has-secondary .nectar-post-grid-item-bg,[data-style="content_under_image"] .nectar-post-grid[data-border-radius="5px"]:not([data-card="yes"]) .nectar-post-grid-item-bg-wrap,[data-style="content_under_image"] .nectar-post-grid[data-border-radius="5px"][data-lock-aspect="yes"]:not([data-card="yes"]) .img-wrap,[data-style="content_under_image"] .nectar-post-grid[data-border-radius="5px"][data-card="yes"] .nectar-post-grid-item,[data-style="content_under_image"] .nectar-post-grid[data-border-radius="5px"][data-shadow-hover="yes"][data-card="yes"] .nectar-post-grid-item:after{border-radius:5px;}@media only screen and (max-width:690px){.vc_col-xs-4 .nectar-post-grid .nectar-post-grid-item .meta-excerpt,.vc_col-xs-6 .nectar-post-grid .nectar-post-grid-item .meta-excerpt{font-size:12px;}.nectar-post-grid .nectar-post-grid-item .content .post-heading,.nectar-post-grid-wrap:not([data-style=content_overlaid]) .nectar-post-grid-item .content .meta-excerpt{max-width:100%;}}.nectar-post-grid-wrap.additional-meta-size-small .nectar-post-grid-item__meta-wrap{font-size:.8em;}#ajax-content-wrap .nectar-post-grid[data-columns="1"] > .nectar-post-grid-item:nth-child(1){margin-top:0;}#ajax-content-wrap .nectar-post-grid[data-columns="1"] > .nectar-post-grid-item:last-child{margin-bottom:0;}.wpb_row.full-width-content .vc_col-sm-12 .nectar-post-grid[data-grid-spacing="15px"]{margin:15px;}.nectar-post-grid[data-grid-spacing="15px"]{margin-left:-15px;margin-right:-15px;}.nectar-post-grid[data-grid-spacing="15px"] .nectar-post-grid-item{margin:15px;}@media only screen and (min-width:1000px){body[data-body-border="1"] .wpb_row.full-width-content .vc_col-sm-12 .nectar-post-grid[data-grid-spacing="15px"]{margin:15px -14px;}}.nectar-post-grid[data-columns="4"][data-grid-spacing="15px"] .nectar-post-grid-item{width:calc(25% - 30px);}.nectar-post-grid[data-columns="3"][data-grid-spacing="15px"] .nectar-post-grid-item{width:calc(33.32% - 30px);}.nectar-post-grid[data-columns="2"][data-grid-spacing="15px"] .nectar-post-grid-item{width:calc(50% - 30px);}@media only screen and (max-width:999px) and (min-width:691px){body .nectar-post-grid[data-columns][data-grid-spacing="15px"]:not([data-columns="1"]):not([data-masonry="yes"]) .nectar-post-grid-item{width:calc(50% - 30px);}}@media only screen and (min-width:1000px){.nectar-post-grid.custom_font_size_20px .post-heading{font-size:20px;}}@media only screen and (min-width:1000px){#ajax-content-wrap .custom_font_size_20px.nectar-post-grid .nectar-post-grid-item .post-heading,.custom_font_size_20px.nectar-post-grid .nectar-post-grid-item .post-heading{font-size:20px;}}@media only screen and (min-width:1000px){#ajax-content-wrap .custom_font_size_20px.nectar-post-grid .nectar-post-grid-item .post-heading,.custom_font_size_20px.nectar-post-grid .nectar-post-grid-item .post-heading,#header-outer .custom_font_size_20px.nectar-post-grid .nectar-post-grid-item .post-heading{font-size:20px;}}#ajax-content-wrap .font_line_height_1-3.nectar-post-grid .nectar-post-grid-item .post-heading,body .font_line_height_1-3.nectar-post-grid .nectar-post-grid-item .post-heading{line-height:1.3;}.nectar-post-grid-item .bg-overlay[data-opacity="0.3"]{opacity:0.3;}.nectar-post-grid-item:hover .bg-overlay[data-hover-opacity="0.4"]{opacity:0.4;}.nectar-post-grid-wrap .category-position-overlaid .nectar-post-grid-item .content{position:static!important;}.nectar-post-grid-wrap .category-position-overlaid .nectar-post-grid-item .meta-category{position:absolute;width:calc(100% - 40px);z-index:100;top:20px;left:20px;}#ajax-content-wrap .nectar-post-grid-wrap .category-position-overlaid .nectar-post-grid-item .meta-category a.style-underline,body .nectar-post-grid-wrap .category-position-overlaid .nectar-post-grid-item .meta-category a.style-underline{color:#fff;}#ajax-content-wrap .nectar-post-grid-wrap .category-position-overlaid .nectar-post-grid-item .meta-category a.style-underline:before,body .nectar-post-grid-wrap .category-position-overlaid .nectar-post-grid-item .meta-category a.style-underline:before{background-color:#fff;}.category-position-before-title.nectar-post-grid .nectar-post-grid-item .item-meta-extra{margin-top:0;}.category-position-before-title .item-main > .nectar-post-grid-item__meta-wrap:not(:empty){margin-top:10px;}@media only screen and (min-width:1000px){.spacing-15px .nectar-post-grid-filters{padding-bottom:0;padding-top:15px;}.full-width-content .span_12 .spacing-15px .nectar-post-grid-filters{padding-top:30px;}}@media only screen and (max-width:999px){.spacing-15px .nectar-post-grid-filters{padding-bottom:0;}}.screen-reader-text,.nectar-skip-to-content:not(:focus){border:0;clip:rect(1px,1px,1px,1px);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute!important;width:1px;word-wrap:normal!important;}.row .col img:not([srcset]){width:auto;}.row .col img.img-with-animation.nectar-lazy:not([srcset]){width:100%;} :root { --accent: #002e6d; --secondary: #876d4b; --header-border-color: #ccd8e2; --lightblue: #e1eff6; --extra-color-3: #ccd8e2; --headerfont: "proxima-nova", sans-serif; --bodyfont: "proxima-nova", sans-serif; --boxshadow: rgba(0,0,0,.04) 0 1px 0,rgba(0,0,0,.05) 0 2px 7px,rgba(0,0,0,.06) 0 12px 22px; --mobile-padding: 10%; --tec-color-accent-primary: #002e6d !important; } ::selection { background: #ccd8e2; } /* width */ ::-webkit-scrollbar { width: 10px; } /* Track */ ::-webkit-scrollbar-track { background: transparent !important; } /* Handle */ ::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb { background: var(--accent); } /* Handle on hover */ ::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb:hover { background: var(--secondary); } /* Background */ .contain .using-image { background-size: contain; } .no-repeat .using-image { background-repeat: no-repeat; } body.archive, body.archive .container-wrap, .tribe-events-view, #tribe-events-pg-template { background: #fff; } p.credit {text-align:right; margin-top: -160px; z-index: 9999; margin-right: 60px; } p.credit img {display: inline;} p.credit a { color: rgba(0,0,0,0.1);text-decoration:none; } .bold, b, strong { font-family: var(--bodyfont); font-weight: 600; } .row .col.section-title h1, .row .col.section-title h2 { font-family: var(--headerfont) !important; font-weight: 600; } /* BUTTONS */ /* CSS */ .nectar-button { position: relative; display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; padding: 0 1.3333333333rem; background-color: #d3d3d3; border-radius: 7px; transition: background-color .6s cubic-bezier(0.075, 0.82, 0.165, 1),color .6s cubic-bezier(0.075, 0.82, 0.165, 1) !important; height: 3.7333333333rem; box-shadow: 0px 0px 50px 0px rgba(0,0,0,.1); color: #fff; overflow: hidden; transform: translateZ(0); margin:0; outline: 0; border: 0; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-transform: none; font: inherit; line-height: normal; cursor: pointer; } .nectar-button.regular:before { content: ""; position: absolute; top: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; left: 0; transform: scaleX(0); transition: transform .6s cubic-bezier(0.075, 0.82, 0.165, 1); transform-origin: center right; background-color: var(--secondary); } .nectar-button.extra-color-1:before { content: ""; position: absolute; top: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; left: 0; transform: scaleX(0); transition: transform .6s cubic-bezier(0.075, 0.82, 0.165, 1); transform-origin: center right; background-color: var(--accent); } .nectar-button.see-through-2:before { content: ""; position: absolute; top: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; left: 0; transform: scaleX(0); transition: transform .6s cubic-bezier(0.075, 0.82, 0.165, 1); transform-origin: center right; background-color: var(--secondary); } .col.light .nectar-button.see-through-2:hover { border-color: var(--secondary) !important; background-color: transparent !important; } .nectar-button.see-through-3:before { content: ""; position: absolute; top: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; left: 0; transform: scaleX(0); transition: transform .6s cubic-bezier(0.075, 0.82, 0.165, 1); transform-origin: center right; background-color: var(--secondary); } .nectar-button:hover:before { transform: scaleX(1); transform-origin: center left; } .nectar-button:hover, .forminator-button:hover, .forminator-button-next:hover { -ms-transform: translateY(0px) !important; transform: translateY(0px) !important; -webkit-transform: translateY(0px) !important; } .nectar-button.regular.accent-color:hover span, .nectar-button.regular.accent-color:hover i, .forminator-button:hover span, .forminator-button-next:hover, .forminator-button:hover { transition: opacity 0.3s ease-in !important; } .nectar-button.regular.extra-color-1:hover span, .nectar-button.regular.extra-color-1:hover i { transition: opacity 0.3s ease-in !important; } .nectar-button.regular:after, .forminator-button:after { background-color: #FFFFFF; } .nectar-button.regular span, .forminator-button span, .forminator-button-next, .forminator-button { z-index: 2; position: relative; } .main-menu.nectar-button { padding-top: 16px !important; padding-left: 25px!important; margin-left:0!important; height: 50px !important; } .main-menu.nectar-button span { padding-left: 10px; } .nectar-button.see-through.instance-0:after { background: transparent !important; } .forminator-button-next { z-index: 2; } .forminator-ui .forminator-button { padding:22px 26px 22px 24px !important; position: relative; display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; padding: 0 1.3333333333rem; background-color: var(--accent); border-radius: 7px; transition: background-color .6s cubic-bezier(0.075, 0.82, 0.165, 1),color .6s cubic-bezier(0.075, 0.82, 0.165, 1) !important; height: 3.7333333333rem; box-shadow: 0px 0px 50px 0px rgba(0,0,0,.1); color: #fff; overflow: hidden; transform: translateZ(0); margin:0; outline: 0; border: 0; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-transform: none; font: inherit; line-height: normal; cursor: pointer; } /*.forminator-button-submit:before { content: "" !important; position: absolute !important; top: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; left: 0; transform: scaleX(0) !important; transition: transform .6s cubic-bezier(0.075, 0.82, 0.165, 1) !important; transform-origin: center right !important; background-color: var(--secondary) !important; color: #fff !important; }*/ .forminator-button:hover:before { transform: scaleX(1) !important; transform-origin: center left !important; } .forminator-ui .forminator-button { font-size: 1rem !important; } body, p, span, a, p strong { font-family: var(--bodyfont) !important; font-style: normal; } /* Heading titles */ h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6, h1 span,h2 span,h3 span,h4 span,h5 span,h6 span, .sf-menu span, .rsmail .button.btn.btn-primary { font-family: var(--bodyfont); font-style: normal; } #top nav > ul > li[class*="button_solid_color"] > a:before, #header-outer.transparent #top nav > ul > li[class*="button_solid_color"] > a:before, #header-outer #top .slide-out-widget-area-toggle[data-custom-color="true"] a:before { height: 40px; } /* OFF MENU */ #slide-out-widget-area.fullscreen-split .right-side { align-items: flex-start !important; } #slide-out-widget-area.fullscreen-split .right-side-inner { align-self: flex-start !important; } #slide-out-widget-area.fullscreen-split .left-side { justify-content: center; } /* FOOTER */ #footer ul.menu li { list-style: none !important; padding: 5px 0; } #footer ul.menu {margin-left: 0;} p.credit {text-align:right; font-size: 14px; } p.credit img {display: inline;} p.credit a { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.5);text-decoration:none; opacity: 0.3; } .blog-posts .post-header .title { font-size: 18px !important; line-height: 1.4 !important; } .posts-container .inner-wrap, .blog-recent .inner-wrap { border-radius:0 !important; } .blog-recent .inner-wrap { box-shadow: none !important; } .blog-recent .post-featured-img { max-height: 159px; } .blog-recent .meta-category { display: none; } .blog-recent { margin-bottom:0 !important; padding-bottom:0 !important; } .blog-recent .post { transition: all .5s ease; } .blog-recent .post:focus, .blog-recent .post:hover { box-shadow: 10px 10px 0 0 rgb(0 0 0 / 10%); } .conservation .inner-wrap, .conservation .article-content-wrap { background-color:#113628 !important; } .conservation h3.title { color:#fff !important; } #header-secondary-outer { background: #232323; } #header-secondary-outer a span, #header-secondary-outer i { color: #fff !important; font-weight: 300; text-transform: uppercase; font-size: 11px; letter-spacing: 1px; } .rsmail, #rsm_subscribe108 { display: flex; margin: 0 auto; } #rsm_email108 { border-radius: 30px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; padding: 10px 30px; min-width: 400px; } .rsmail .button.btn.btn-primary { border-radius: 30px; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; border: 0; padding: 10px 30px; text-transform: uppercase; background-color: #fff; color: #002d62; } #menu-footer-menu li, .footer p { border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,0.1) !important; font-size: 14px; line-height: 2; padding: 5px 0; } #menu-footer-menu li:first-child, .footer p:first-child { border-top: 0 !important; } #menu-footer-menu li a:hover, .footer p:hover { transition: all .15s ease-in-out !important; } .item-active { color: #ffd204 !important; } .masonry.classic_enhanced .masonry-blog-item .article-content-wrap, .blog-recent[data-style*="classic_enhanced"] .article-content-wrap { padding:0; padding-top: 20px; } .company-section .using-image { background-size: 80%; } g#worldmap { opacity: 0.5; } /* Testimonial */ .nectar_single_testimonial[data-style="bold"] p{ font-size:36px; line-height:140%; } .nectar_single_testimonial[data-style="bold"] p span{ margin-bottom: -70px; margin-top: -30px; } .home .large-featured-post-title { text-shadow: 0 2px 4px rgba(0,0,0,.5); } .nectar-recent-posts-single_featured .inner-wrap { width:70%; } #boxed .nectar-recent-posts-single_featured .recent-post-container, .nectar-recent-posts-single_featured .recent-post-container { padding-bottom: 7% !important; } .recent-post-container.container { padding-left: 12%; padding-right: 12%; } /* NEWS POSTS */ .meta-category .style-underline, .nectar-post-grid-item__meta-wrap .meta-date, .nectar-post-grid-item__meta-wrap .meta-reading-time { font-size: 0.8rem; color: var(--accent) !important; font-weight: 600; text-transform: uppercase; } .category-position-before-title.nectar-post-grid .nectar-post-grid-item .item-meta-extra { font-size: 1rem; } .nectar-post-grid-item__excerpt-wrap.item-meta-extra .meta-excerpt { color: #333 !important; } .nectar-post-grid[data-text-hover-color=dark] .nectar-underline .post-heading { background-image: linear-gradient(to right, var(--accent) 0, var(--accent) 100%); } .nectar-post-grid-wrap[data-style=content_under_image] .nectar-post-grid[data-shadow-hover=yes][data-card=yes] .nectar-post-grid-item:hover:after { box-shadow: 0 2px 20px rgba(30,30,30,.15) !important; } .nectar-post-grid-wrap .load-more-wrap { margin-top: 30px !important; } .nectar-post-grid-item-bg-wrap { border-bottom-left-radius: 0 !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0 !important; } .nectar-post-grid-wrap[data-style="content_under_image"] [data-grid-item-height="30vh"] .nectar-post-grid-item-bg { height: 26vh; } .nectar-hor-list-item { padding: 13px 22px; } .nectar-post-grid-wrap:not([data-style=content_overlaid]) .nectar-post-grid-item .content .meta-excerpt { max-width: 100%; line-height: 1.4; } .nectar-recent-post-bg { background-position: center top !important; } .nectar-event-date { margin-top: 10px; color: var(--accent) !important; font-weight: 600; text-transform: uppercase; font-size: 0.9rem; } .nectar-event-venue { font-weight: 600; text-transform: uppercase; font-size: 0.9rem; } .nectar-event-details { margin-top: 20px; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: .7em; align-items: center; pointer-events: none; } .nectar-post-grid .nectar-event-details>span:not(:nth-child(1)):before { height: 2px; width: 2px; display: block; background-color: currentColor; border-radius: 100px; margin-right: .7em; content: ''; } .page-submenu .full-width-section { border-bottom: 1px solid #e8eaef; } .page-headers .wpb_wrapper { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; flex-wrap: wrap; height: 600px; padding: 10% 0 0; } .page-headers .wpb_wrapper div {width: 100%; } .page-headers h1 {margin-bottom: 20px !important;} .icon-breadcrumbs { margin: 0 10px; background: transparent !important; } .subtitle { margin-bottom: 10px !important; padding-left: 5px; } .team-member img { border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: var(--boxshadow); } .row .col .team-member h4 { font-size: 22px; } .row .col .team-member p.description, .team-member p.description { padding: 0; margin: 0; border-bottom: 0; border-top: 0; color: #555; font-size: 16px; } .row .col .team-member .position { font-weight: 700; color: var(--accent); font-size: 16px; } .wpb_gallery .nectar-flickity .flickity-slider .cell .item-meta p { color: #8d9aaf; padding-left: 30px; border-left: 15px solid var(--accent); } body .row .toggle .toggle-title, body .toggle .toggle-title a { font-size: 20px !important; font-weight: 500 !important; color: black; } /* EVENTS */ @media (min-width: 768px) { .tribe-events-back, .tribe-events-content p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; } .tribe-events-schedule { margin: var(--tec-spacer-1) 0 var(--tec-spacer-3); } .tribe-events-event-image img { width: 100%; height: auto; } } .tribe-events-sub-nav li { list-style-type: none; } .tribe-events-schedule h2 { font-weight: 700; color: var(--accent); } /* Pricing */ .pricing-table[data-style=flat-alternative] ul li { line-height: 1.5; } .nectar_single_testimonial { font-family: var(--bodyfont); font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.4; letter-spacing: 0; } /* Form */ .forminator-checkbox-label { color: #000 !important; } body[data-fancy-form-rcs="1"] .fancy-select-wrap label, .forminator-label { color: var(--accent) !important; font-weight: 700; font-size: 14px; } body[data-fancy-form-rcs="1"] .fancy-select-wrap { padding-top: 0; } .et-db #et-boc .et_pb_module .forminator-ui.forminator-custom-form[data-design=default] select.forminator-select2+.forminator-select .selection span[role=combobox].select2-selection--single, .forminator-ui.forminator-custom-form[data-design=default] select.forminator-select2+.forminator-select .selection span[role=combobox].select2-selection--single { border-color: var(--extra-color-3); } .et-db #et-boc .et_pb_module .forminator-ui.forminator-custom-form[data-design=default] .forminator-error-message, .forminator-ui.forminator-custom-form[data-design=default] .forminator-error-message { font-size: 0.8rem; line-height: 1.3 !important; } .forminator-ui .forminator-button { padding: 22px 36px 22px 34px !important; } .forminator-ui .forminator-button:hover { color: #fff !important; -webkit-box-shadow: 0; box-shadow: 0; } /* Blogs */ #page-header-bg .subheader { font-size: 18px; padding-bottom: 20px; } .blog_next_prev_buttons {margin-top: 0px;} .container-wrap #author-bio #author-info p { max-width: 100%; opacity: .7; line-height: 1.4em; font-size: 15px;} .container-wrap #author-bio #author-info {width: 90% !important; } #author-bio { background: rgba(0,0,0,0.04); padding: 20px 30px; margin-bottom: 2%; } .post .content-inner {padding-bottom: 4%;} .container-wrap #author-bio #author-info h3 { font-size: 25px; padding-bottom: 10px;} /* Form */ .forminator-error-message { font-size: 0.9rem; } .forminator-row { margin-top: 5px; } .forminator-button.forminator-button-submit { margin-top: 20px !important; color: #fff !important; } .forminator-button.forminator-button-submit:hover { background: var(--secondary) !important; } .forminator-textarea--wrap textarea { background: transparent !important; } .select2-results { background: #fff !important; } .forminator-select.forminator-select-dropdown-container--open .forminator-select-dropdown.forminator-dropdown--material .select2-results .select2-results__options .select2-results__option { border-bottom: 1px solid #ccd8e2; transition: .5s; } .select2-results__option:hover { background: rgba(204,216,226,0.35); } /* SITEMAP */ .wsp-pages-title { display: none; } .wsp-pages-list { margin-top:4%; } .wsp-pages-list li { list-style-type: none; } .wsp-pages-list > li { margin-top: 15px; } .wsp-pages-list ul ul { margin-top: 10px; } .wsp-pages-list > li > ul { margin-top: 1rem; } .wsp-pages-list ul li { position: relative; } .wsp-pages-list ul li::before { content: ""; display: inline-block; width: 1rem; height: 100%; border-left: 1px #ccc solid; position: absolute; top: -0.75rem; } .wsp-pages-list ul li::before { content: ""; display: inline-block; width: 1rem; height: 1.5rem; border-bottom: 1px #ccc solid; position: absolute; top: -0.75rem; } .wsp-pages-list li:first-child { border-top: 0; } .wsp-pages-list > li > a { font-weight: bold; } .wsp-pages-list ul li a { padding-left: 30px; } .wpb_gallery .nectar-flickity .flickity-slider .cell .item-meta .title { display: none; } body.material #slide-out-widget-area[class*=slide-out-from-right] .off-canvas-menu-container li { line-height: 2; } .nectar-recent-post-slide { display: flex; } .recent-post-container.container { align-self: flex-end; } #page-header-bg h1, .nectar-box-roll .overlaid-content h1 { font-family: var(--headerfont); } .nectar-button.regular:after, .forminator-button:after { background-color: transparent; } .nectar-button.regular:after, .forminator-button:after, body.material #slide-out-widget-area[class*="slide-out-from-right"] .off-canvas-menu-container li a:after { border-color: transparent; } /*events*/ #tribe-events-pg-template { width: 100%; } .tribe-events-event-image img { display: block; width: 100%; height: auto; } /* reports */ .report-template-default .blog_next_prev_buttons { display: none !important; } .single-report-row.post-area { display: flex; gap: 50px; align-items: center; max-width: 800px; margin: 2% auto 0 auto; } .single-report-row .report-heading { text-transform: uppercase; font-size: 0.8rem; letter-spacing: 1px; color: var(--accent); font-weight: bold; margin-bottom: 10px; } .single-report-row .report-content { margin-bottom: 24px; } #password-page { margin-bottom: 5%; } #password-page .using-image { background-image: url('/wp-content/uploads/2024/12/ASEAN-1-scaled.jpg'); } .passcode-input { display: flex; max-width: 500px; } .breadcrumb_last stronmg { font-family: var(--bodyfont) !important; } #pwbox-12512 { background-color: rgba(255,255,255,0.1) !important; height: 60px; font-family: var(--bodyfont) !important; } .password-btn { height: 60px; font-family: var(--bodyfont) !important; text-transform: uppercase; border-radius-top-left: 0 !important; border-radius-bottom-left: 0 !important; } .membership-msg { margin-top: 15px; } .tribe-events-single ul.tribe-related-events li .tribe-related-event-info { padding-left: 4%; padding-bottom: 2%; } .forminator-ui .forminator-button.forminator-button-upload { padding: 11px 18px 11px 18px !important } /* Events */ .tribe-common--breakpoint-medium.tribe-events .tribe-events-l-container { padding-bottom: 0; } .type-tribe_event_series .post-featured-img { display: none; } .sml_namelabel, .sml_emaillabel { display: none; } .sml_subscribe { display: flex; justify-content: center; } .sml_nameinput { border-radius: 30px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px !important; padding: 10px 20px !important; min-width: 200px; border-right: 1px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.2) !important; } .sml_nameinput::placeholder, .sml_emailinput::placeholder { color: #fff !important; opacity: 1 !important; } .btn.sml_submitbtn { border: 0; padding: 10px 20px; text-transform: uppercase; background-color: #fff; color: #002d62; height: 45px; border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px !important; } .btn.sml_submitbtn:hover { background: var(--secondary) !important; color: #fff !important; } .forminator-checkbox__label.forminator-consent__label p { padding-bottom:0; } body #header-secondary-outer[data-lhe=animated_underline] nav>.sf-menu>li:not([class*=button_])>a .menu-title-text:after { border-width: 0px; } .tribe-events-pro-venue__meta-featured-image-wrapper { display: none !important; } .tribe-events-pro-venue__meta-details { padding: 10% 5% !important; min-height: 400px; } @media only screen and (min-width: 1001px) { .nectar-flickity[data-controls*=arrows_overlaid]:not(.masonry) .flickity-viewport { margin: 24px 0 !important; } } @media only screen and (max-width: 1389px) { #header-outer #top .sf-menu > .sf-with-ul > a { font-size: 13px; } .nectar-responsive-text.breadcrumb { margin-top: 50px; margin-bottom:0; } } @media only screen and (max-width: 1260px) { #header-outer #top .sf-menu > .sf-with-ul > a, #header-outer[data-lhe="animated_underline"] #top nav > ul > li > a { font-size: 12px; } } @media only screen and (min-width: 1151px) and (max-width: 1231px) { .sf-sub-indicator { display: none; } } @media only screen and (min-width: 1001px) and (max-width: 1280px) { /* Small desktops */ #menu-item-11879 .nectar-button { display: none; } .off-canvas-menu-container.mobile-only .nectar-button { margin-top: 15px; } .nectar-post-grid-wrap[data-style=content_under_image] .nectar-post-grid[data-card=yes] .nectar-post-grid-item .content { padding: max(7%, 10px); } .page-headers .wpb_wrapper { padding-top: 15%; } #ajax-content-wrap .font_size_desktop_60px.nectar-recent-posts-element .large-featured-post-title, .font_size_desktop_60px.nectar-recent-posts-element .large-featured-post-title { font-size: 30px !important; } .nectar-recent-posts-single_featured.multiple_featured>.container .controls { display: none; } .vc_col-md-9, .vc_col-sm-9 { width: 65%; } .vc_col-md-9 + .vc_col-md-3, .vc_col-sm-9 +.vc_col-sm-3 { width: 35%; } } @media only screen and (min-width: 1000px) and (max-width: 1024px) { #ajax-content-wrap .custom_font_size_20px.nectar-post-grid .nectar-post-grid-item .post-heading, .custom_font_size_20px.nectar-post-grid .nectar-post-grid-item .post-heading { font-size: 16px; } #ajax-content-wrap .font_line_height_1-3.nectar-post-grid .nectar-post-grid-item .post-heading, .nectar-post-grid-wrap:not([data-style=content_overlaid]) .content .item-main { line-height: 1.2; } .category-position-before-title.nectar-post-grid .nectar-post-grid-item .item-meta-extra, .nectar-post-grid .nectar-post-grid-item__meta-wrap>span:not(:nth-child(1)):before { display: none; } body .container-wrap .inner_row[data-column-margin="50px"] .child_column { padding-left: 15px; padding-right: 15px; } } @media only screen and (max-width: 1024px) and (min-width: 768px) { .team-col .wpb_column { width: 33%; } } @media only screen and (min-width: 1000px) and (max-width: 1600px) { #ajax-content-wrap .font_size_desktop_60px.nectar-recent-posts-element .large-featured-post-title, .font_size_desktop_60px.nectar-recent-posts-element .large-featured-post-title { font-size: 45px; } .nectar-recent-posts-single_featured .controls { margin-top: 130px; } #header-outer[data-lhe="animated_underline"] #top nav > ul > li > a { margin-left: 12px; margin-right: 12px; } #header-outer #logo img, #header-outer .logo-clone img, #header-outer .logo-spacing img { height: 36px; } .sf-menu.sf-js-enabled.sf-arrows { margin-right: 20px !important; } } @media only screen and (min-width: 1000px) { .home .flickity-page-dots { display: none; } } @media only screen and (min-width: 1000px) and (max-width: 1180px) { /* ipad air */ #ajax-content-wrap .custom_font_size_20px.nectar-post-grid .nectar-post-grid-item .post-heading, .custom_font_size_20px.nectar-post-grid .nectar-post-grid-item .post-heading, #header-outer .custom_font_size_20px.nectar-post-grid .nectar-post-grid-item .post-heading { font-size: 18px; line-height: 1.3; } #slide-out-widget-area.slide-out-from-right-hover .inner-wrap>.inner .off-canvas-menu-container .menu > li { margin: 25px 0 !important; } } @media only screen and (max-width: 1366px) { /* iPad pro */ .nectar-post-grid .nectar-event-details>span:not(:nth-child(1)):before { display: none; } } @media only screen and (max-width: 1024px) { .row .col .team-member h4 { font-size: 17px; line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 10px; } .row .col .team-member .position { line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 10px; font-size: 15px; } .row .col .team-member p.description, .team-member p.description { line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 10px; font-size: 15px; } #slide-out-widget-area[data-dropdown-func=separate-dropdown-parent-link] .off-canvas-menu-container li ul, .material #slide-out-widget-area[class*=slide-out-from-right] .off-canvas-menu-container li ul { margin-top: 10px; } } @media only screen and (max-width: 999px) { .full-width-content .vc_col-sm-12 .nectar-recent-posts-single_featured .recent-post-container, .full-width-content .vc_col-sm-12 .nectar-recent-posts-single_featured.multiple_featured>.container { padding-left: 10%; padding-right: 10%; } #boxed .nectar-recent-posts-single_featured[data-padding="14%"] .recent-post-container, .nectar-recent-posts-single_featured[data-padding="14%"] .recent-post-container { padding-top: 25%; padding-bottom: 25%; } .tabbed[data-style*=vertical] .wpb_tabs_nav li { font-size: 16px; } .tabbed[data-style*=vertical] .wpb_tabs_nav { text-align: left; width: 40%; } .tabbed[data-style*=vertical]>div { width: 60%; padding-left: 30px; } .nectar-flickity[data-controls*=arrows_overlaid]:not(.masonry) .flickity-viewport {margin: 0 !important;} #ajax-content-wrap .container-wrap .nectar-post-grid .nectar-post-grid-item .post-heading, .container-wrap .font_size_tablet_17px.nectar-post-grid .nectar-post-grid-item .post-heading { font-size: 17px !important; } .nectar-post-grid-wrap .load-more-wrap {margin: 10px 0 !important;} .nectar-flickity.nectar-carousel.nectar-carousel:not(.masonry) .flickity-viewport { margin-top: 30px; } .nectar-carousel-flickity-fixed-content .nectar-button { margin-top: 0; } .single-report-row.post-area { display: block; } .single-report-row.post-area .vc_col-sm-6 { width: 100%; } } @media only screen and (max-width: 768px) { body[data-bg-header=true].archive .container-wrap { padding-top: 0 !important; } .nectar-recent-posts-single_featured.multiple_featured>.container .controls { text-align: center; margin: 0 auto; width: 100%; } #rsm_email108 { max-width: 85%; min-width: auto; } .page-headers .wpb_wrapper { height: 400px; } #password-page.page-headers .wpb_wrapper { height: 100vh; } #password-page { margin-bottom: 0 !important; } .nectar-flickity[data-control-style=material_pagination] .flickity-page-dots, .nectar-flickity[data-controls=material_pagination] .flickity-page-dots { bottom: -55px; text-align: center !important; margin: 0 auto; width: 100%; } .row .col h5, body h5, #slide-out-widget-area .nectar-ext-menu-item .inherit-h5, #ajax-content-wrap .nectar-inherit-h5 { line-height: 1.3; } div[data-style="minimal"] .toggle > .toggle-title a { padding: 15px 70px 15px 0; } body.single-post.material[data-bg-header=true] .container-wrap { padding-top: 10% !important; } .material .related-post-wrap h3.related-title { padding-top: 7%; } } @media only screen and (max-width: 690px) { .vc_row.top-level.full-width-content .nectar-recent-posts-single_featured .recent-post-container > .inner-wrap { padding-top: 24px; padding-left: 5%; padding-right: 5%; } p.credit {text-align:right; margin-top: -150px; z-index: 9999; margin-right: 20px;line-height:1;} p.credit img {display: inline; width: 70px; margin-top: -10px; } p.credit a { color: rgba(255,255,255,0.2);text-decoration:none; font-size: 12px; } .nectar-hor-list-item .nectar-list-item[data-text-align=left] { padding-right: 0; } .team-col .wpb_column { width: 50%; } .nectar-flickity:not(.masonry) .flickity-viewport { overflow: visible !important; } .clients.no-carousel img { max-height: 70px; text-align: center; } .tabbed[data-style*=vertical] .wpb_tabs_nav { text-align: left; width: 100%; } .tabbed[data-style*=vertical]>div { width: 100%; padding-left: 0px; } #slide-out-widget-area.slide-out-from-right-hover .inner-wrap>.inner .off-canvas-menu-container li { line-height: 2 !important; } p.credit { margin-right: 0; margin-top: -30px; background: var(--accent); text-align: center; padding-bottom: 30px; } #slide-out-widget-area.slide-out-from-right-hover .inner-wrap>.inner .off-canvas-menu-container li:last-child { margin-top: 24px; } #slide-out-widget-area.slide-out-from-right-hover .menu-title-text { font-size: 16px; } } @media only screen and (min-device-width: 1024px) and (max-device-width: 1366px) and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio: 1.5) and (orientation: portrait) { /* Styles for iPad Pro in portrait */ .nectar-post-grid-wrap[data-style="content_under_image"] [data-grid-item-height="30vh"] .nectar-post-grid-item-bg { height: 15vh; } }</style><link rel='stylesheet' id='salient-child-style-css' href='https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/themes/hellopomelo-child/style.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=GT-MQJ5MSL" id="google_gtagjs-js" defer data-deferred="1"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="google_gtagjs-js-after" src="data:text/javascript;base64,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" defer></script> <script></script><meta name="generator" content="Site Kit by Google 1.146.0" /><meta name="generator" content="webp-uploads 2.4.0"><meta name="et-api-version" content="v1"><meta name="et-api-origin" content="https://siiaonline.org"><link rel="https://theeventscalendar.com/" href="https://siiaonline.org/wp-json/tribe/tickets/v1/" /><meta name="tec-api-version" content="v1"><meta name="tec-api-origin" content="https://siiaonline.org"><link rel="alternate" href="https://siiaonline.org/wp-json/tribe/events/v1/" /><script type="text/javascript" src="data:text/javascript;base64,dmFyIHJvb3Q9ZG9jdW1lbnQuZ2V0RWxlbWVudHNCeVRhZ05hbWUoImh0bWwiKVswXTtyb290LnNldEF0dHJpYnV0ZSgiY2xhc3MiLCJqcyIp" defer></script><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://use.typekit.net/eso4tpx.css"><meta name="generator" content="Powered by WPBakery Page Builder - drag and drop page builder for WordPress."/><link rel="icon" href="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/cropped-siia-favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32" /><link rel="icon" href="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/cropped-siia-favicon-192x192.png" sizes="192x192" /><link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/cropped-siia-favicon-180x180.png" /><meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/cropped-siia-favicon-270x270.png" /> <noscript><style>.wpb_animate_when_almost_visible { opacity: 1; }</style></noscript></head><body class="post-template-default single single-post postid-9847 single-format-standard tribe-no-js tec-no-tickets-on-recurring tec-no-rsvp-on-recurring nectar-auto-lightbox material wpb-js-composer js-comp-ver-7.8.1 vc_responsive tribe-theme-hellopomelo" data-footer-reveal="false" data-footer-reveal-shadow="none" data-header-format="centered-menu" data-body-border="off" data-boxed-style="" data-header-breakpoint="1290" data-dropdown-style="minimal" data-cae="easeOutCubic" data-cad="750" data-megamenu-width="contained" data-aie="none" data-ls="fancybox" data-apte="standard" data-hhun="0" data-fancy-form-rcs="1" data-form-style="minimal" data-form-submit="default" data-is="minimal" data-button-style="slightly_rounded_shadow" data-user-account-button="false" data-flex-cols="true" data-col-gap="default" data-header-inherit-rc="false" data-header-search="true" data-animated-anchors="true" data-ajax-transitions="false" data-full-width-header="true" data-slide-out-widget-area="true" data-slide-out-widget-area-style="slide-out-from-right-hover" data-user-set-ocm="off" data-loading-animation="spin" data-bg-header="true" data-responsive="1" data-ext-responsive="true" data-ext-padding="90" data-header-resize="1" data-header-color="custom" data-cart="false" data-remove-m-parallax="1" data-remove-m-video-bgs="1" data-m-animate="1" data-force-header-trans-color="light" data-smooth-scrolling="0" data-permanent-transparent="false" > <script type="text/javascript" src="data:text/javascript;base64,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" defer></script><a href="#ajax-content-wrap" class="nectar-skip-to-content">Skip to main content</a><div class="ocm-effect-wrap"><div class="ocm-effect-wrap-inner"><div id="header-space" data-header-mobile-fixed='1'></div><div id="header-outer" data-has-menu="true" data-has-buttons="yes" data-header-button_style="default" data-using-pr-menu="true" data-mobile-fixed="1" data-ptnm="false" data-lhe="animated_underline" data-user-set-bg="#ffffff" data-format="centered-menu" data-permanent-transparent="false" data-megamenu-rt="1" data-remove-fixed="0" data-header-resize="1" data-cart="false" data-transparency-option="" data-box-shadow="large" data-shrink-num="10" data-using-secondary="1" data-using-logo="1" data-logo-height="50" data-m-logo-height="40" data-padding="28" data-full-width="true" data-condense="false" data-transparent-header="true" data-transparent-shadow-helper="false" data-remove-border="true" class="transparent"><div id="header-secondary-outer" class="centered-menu" data-mobile="default" data-remove-fixed="0" data-lhe="animated_underline" data-secondary-text="false" data-full-width="true" data-mobile-fixed="1" data-permanent-transparent="false" ><div class="container"><nav><ul id="social"><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://twitter.com/siia_tweet"><span class="screen-reader-text">x-twitter</span><i class="icon-salient-x-twitter" aria-hidden="true"></i> </a></li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://www.facebook.com/think.siia"><span class="screen-reader-text">facebook</span><i class="fa fa-facebook" aria-hidden="true"></i> </a></li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/singapore-institute-of-international-affairs/?originalSubdomain=sg"><span class="screen-reader-text">linkedin</span><i class="fa fa-linkedin" aria-hidden="true"></i> </a></li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://siiaonline.org/feed/rss/"><span class="screen-reader-text">RSS</span><i class="fa fa-rss" aria-hidden="true"></i> </a></li></ul><ul class="sf-menu"><li id="menu-item-11755" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-11755"><a href="tel:+6567349600"><span class="menu-title-text">Call Us (65) 6734 9600</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-11756" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-11756"><a href="mailto:membership@siiaonline.org"><span class="menu-title-text">Email Us</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-13601" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-13601"><a href="/contact-us/"><span class="menu-title-text">Contact Us</span></a></li></ul></nav></div></div><div id="search-outer" class="nectar"><div id="search"><div class="container"><div id="search-box"><div class="inner-wrap"><div class="col span_12"><form role="search" action="https://siiaonline.org/" method="GET"> <input type="text" name="s" id="s" value="" aria-label="Search" placeholder="Search" /> <input type="hidden" name="post_type" value="post"></form></div></div></div><div id="close"><a href="#"><span class="screen-reader-text">Close Search</span> <span class="close-wrap"> <span class="close-line close-line1"></span> <span class="close-line close-line2"></span> </span> </a></div></div></div></div><header id="top"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col span_3"> <a id="logo" href="https://siiaonline.org" data-supplied-ml-starting-dark="false" data-supplied-ml-starting="false" data-supplied-ml="false" > <img class="stnd skip-lazy" width="" height="" alt="Singapore Institute of International Affairs" src="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/SIIA-logo-colour-1.svg" /><img class="starting-logo skip-lazy" width="" height="" alt="Singapore Institute of International Affairs" src="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/SIIA-logo-white-1.svg" /><img class="starting-logo dark-version skip-lazy" width="" height="" alt="Singapore Institute of International Affairs" src="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/SIIA-logo-colour-1.svg" /> </a></div><div class="col span_9 col_last"><div class="nectar-mobile-only mobile-header"><div class="inner"></div></div> <a class="mobile-search" href="#searchbox"><span class="nectar-icon icon-salient-search" aria-hidden="true"></span><span class="screen-reader-text">search</span></a><div class="slide-out-widget-area-toggle mobile-icon slide-out-from-right-hover" data-custom-color="false" data-icon-animation="simple-transform"><div> <a href="#slide-out-widget-area" role="button" aria-label="Navigation Menu" aria-expanded="false" class="closed"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Menu</span><span aria-hidden="true"> <i class="lines-button x2"> <i class="lines"></i> </i> </span> </a></div></div><nav aria-label="Main Menu"><ul class="sf-menu"><li id="menu-item-11875" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children nectar-regular-menu-item sf-with-ul menu-item-11875"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/about-us/" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"><span class="menu-title-text">About</span><span class="sf-sub-indicator"><i class="fa fa-angle-down icon-in-menu" aria-hidden="true"></i></span></a><ul class="sub-menu"><li id="menu-item-12939" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-12939"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/about-us/"><span class="menu-title-text">About Us</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-12347" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-12347"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/about-us/annual-reports/"><span class="menu-title-text">Annual Reports</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-12348" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-12348"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/about-us/our-network/"><span class="menu-title-text">Our Network</span></a></li></ul></li><li id="menu-item-11743" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children nectar-regular-menu-item megamenu nectar-megamenu-menu-item align-left width-50 sf-with-ul menu-item-11743"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"><span class="menu-title-text">Our Work</span><span class="sf-sub-indicator"><i class="fa fa-angle-down icon-in-menu" aria-hidden="true"></i></span></a><ul class="sub-menu"><li id="menu-item-12227" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children nectar-regular-menu-item megamenu-column-padding-default menu-item-12227"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/programmes/" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"><span class="menu-title-text nectar-inherit-h6">Programmes</span><span class="sf-sub-indicator"><i class="fa fa-angle-right icon-in-menu" aria-hidden="true"></i></span></a><ul class="sub-menu"><li id="menu-item-12226" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-12226"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/programmes/asean/"><span class="menu-title-text">ASEAN</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-12225" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-12225"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/programmes/sustainability/"><span class="menu-title-text">Sustainability</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-13762" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-13762"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/programmes/eln/"><span class="menu-title-text">Emerging Leaders Network (ELN)</span></a></li></ul></li><li id="menu-item-12260" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children nectar-regular-menu-item megamenu-column-padding-default menu-item-12260"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/publications/" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"><span class="menu-title-text nectar-inherit-h6">Publications</span><span class="sf-sub-indicator"><i class="fa fa-angle-right icon-in-menu" aria-hidden="true"></i></span></a><ul class="sub-menu"><li id="menu-item-12261" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-12261"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/publications/#specialreports"><span class="menu-title-text">Reports and Conference Highlights</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-13843" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-13843"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/category/insights/"><span class="menu-title-text">Insights</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li id="menu-item-11745" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children nectar-regular-menu-item sf-with-ul menu-item-11745"><a href="/events" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"><span class="menu-title-text">Events</span><span class="sf-sub-indicator"><i class="fa fa-angle-down icon-in-menu" aria-hidden="true"></i></span></a><ul class="sub-menu"><li id="menu-item-11746" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-11746"><a href="/events"><span class="menu-title-text">Events Calendar</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-12932" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-12932"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/events-faqs/"><span class="menu-title-text">FAQs</span></a></li></ul></li><li id="menu-item-12536" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children nectar-regular-menu-item megamenu nectar-megamenu-menu-item align-left width-50 sf-with-ul menu-item-12536"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"><span class="menu-title-text">Membership</span><span class="sf-sub-indicator"><i class="fa fa-angle-down icon-in-menu" aria-hidden="true"></i></span></a><ul class="sub-menu"><li id="menu-item-12505" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children nectar-regular-menu-item megamenu-column-padding-default menu-item-12505"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/membership/" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"><span class="menu-title-text nectar-inherit-h6">Membership</span><span class="sf-sub-indicator"><i class="fa fa-angle-right icon-in-menu" aria-hidden="true"></i></span></a><ul class="sub-menu"><li id="menu-item-12537" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-12537"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/membership/#membershiptiers"><span class="menu-title-text">Membership Tiers</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-12509" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-12509"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/membership/faqs/"><span class="menu-title-text">FAQs</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-12504" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-12504"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/membership/apply-now/"><span class="menu-title-text">Apply Now</span></a></li></ul></li><li id="menu-item-12541" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children nectar-regular-menu-item megamenu-column-padding-default menu-item-12541"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/membership/premium-resources/" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"><span class="menu-title-text nectar-inherit-h6">Premium Resources</span><span class="sf-sub-indicator"><i class="fa fa-angle-right icon-in-menu" aria-hidden="true"></i></span></a><ul class="sub-menu"><li id="menu-item-13557" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-13557"><a href="/membership/premium-resources/#chairmans-notes"><span class="menu-title-text">Chairman’s Notes</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-13558" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-13558"><a href="/membership/premium-resources/#country-updates"><span class="menu-title-text">Country Updates</span></a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li id="menu-item-12458" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children nectar-regular-menu-item sf-with-ul menu-item-12458"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/advisory/" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"><span class="menu-title-text">Advisory</span><span class="sf-sub-indicator"><i class="fa fa-angle-down icon-in-menu" aria-hidden="true"></i></span></a><ul class="sub-menu"><li id="menu-item-12460" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-12460"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/advisory/#topics"><span class="menu-title-text">Topics</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-12461" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-12461"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/advisory/#faqs"><span class="menu-title-text">FAQs</span></a></li></ul></li><li id="menu-item-12438" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children nectar-regular-menu-item sf-with-ul menu-item-12438"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/news/" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"><span class="menu-title-text">News</span><span class="sf-sub-indicator"><i class="fa fa-angle-down icon-in-menu" aria-hidden="true"></i></span></a><ul class="sub-menu"><li id="menu-item-13186" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-13186"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/category/commentaries/"><span class="menu-title-text">Commentaries</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-12441" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-12441"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/category/press-release/"><span class="menu-title-text">Press Release</span></a></li></ul></li><li id="menu-item-12477" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children nectar-regular-menu-item sf-with-ul menu-item-12477"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/be-involved/" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"><span class="menu-title-text">Be Involved</span><span class="sf-sub-indicator"><i class="fa fa-angle-down icon-in-menu" aria-hidden="true"></i></span></a><ul class="sub-menu"><li id="menu-item-12478" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-12478"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/be-involved/donate-to-the-siia/"><span class="menu-title-text">Donate</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-13036" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-13036"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/careers/"><span class="menu-title-text">Careers</span></a></li></ul></li></ul><ul class="buttons sf-menu" data-user-set-ocm="off"><li id="menu-item-11879" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-11879"><a href="#"><span class="menu-title-text"><a class="main-menu nectar-button large regular accent-color has-icon regular-button" role="button" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255) !important; visibility: visible;" href="https://siiaonline.org/be-involved/donate-to-the-siia/" data-color-override="false" data-hover-color-override="false" data-hover-text-color-override="#fff"><span>Donate</span></a> <a class="main-menu nectar-button large regular extra-color-1 has-icon regular-button" role="button" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255) !important; visibility: visible; padding-left:50px !important;" href="https://siiaonline.org/events" data-color-override="false" data-hover-color-override="false" data-hover-text-color-override="#fff"><i class="fa fa-calendar" aria-hidden="true" style="left:5px !important; transform: translateY(-56%) translateX(4px);"></i><span>Events</span></a></span></a></li><li id="search-btn"><div><a href="#searchbox"><span class="icon-salient-search" aria-hidden="true"></span><span class="screen-reader-text">search</span></a></div></li></ul></nav><div class="logo-spacing" data-using-image="true"><img class="hidden-logo" alt="Singapore Institute of International Affairs" width="" height="" src="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/SIIA-logo-colour-1.svg" /></div></div></div></div></header></div><div id="ajax-content-wrap"><div id="page-header-wrap" data-animate-in-effect="none" data-midnight="light" class="" style="height: 550px;"><div id="page-header-bg" class="not-loaded hentry" data-post-hs="default_minimal" data-padding-amt="normal" data-animate-in-effect="none" data-midnight="light" data-text-effect="" data-bg-pos="center" data-alignment="left" data-alignment-v="middle" data-parallax="0" data-height="550" style="height:550px;"><div class="page-header-bg-image-wrap" id="nectar-page-header-p-wrap" data-parallax-speed="fast"><div class="page-header-bg-image" style="background-image: url(https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/1.png);"></div></div><div class="container"><img loading="lazy" class="hidden-social-img" src="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/1.png" alt="Travel is back in ASEAN" style="display: none;" /><div class="row"><div class="col span_6 section-title blog-title" data-remove-post-date="0" data-remove-post-author="1" data-remove-post-comment-number="0"><div class="inner-wrap"><a class="for-all-members" href="https://siiaonline.org/category/for-all-members/">FOR ALL MEMBERS</a><h1 class="entry-title">Travel is back in ASEAN</h1><div id="single-below-header" data-hide-on-mobile="false"> <span class="meta-author vcard author"><span class="fn"><span class="author-leading">By</span> <a href="https://siiaonline.org/author/siia-membership-admin/" title="Posts by SIIA Membership Admin" rel="author">SIIA Membership Admin</a></span></span><span class="meta-date date updated">October 19, 2021</span><span class="meta-comment-count"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/travel-is-back-in-asean/#respond">No Comments</a></span><span class="meta-reading-time">1 min read</span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="container-wrap no-sidebar" data-midnight="dark" data-remove-post-date="0" data-remove-post-author="1" data-remove-post-comment-number="0"><div class="container main-content"><div class="row"><div class="post-area col standard-minimal span_12 col_last" role="main"><article id="post-9847" class="post-9847 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-for-all-members tag-asean tag-indonesia tag-malaysia tag-thailand tag-vietnam"><div class="inner-wrap"><div class="post-content" data-hide-featured-media="0"><div class="content-inner"><div class="kvgmc6g5 cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql ii04i59q"><div dir="auto">Part of the ASEAN nations’ recovery plans include having their own unique strategies to reopen their borders for tourism. From strictly domestic tourism to Vaccinated Travel Lanes (VTL), the increase in vaccination rates has allowed countries to move closer to reconnecting with the world again.</div><div dir="auto"></div></div><div class="o9v6fnle cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql ii04i59q"><div dir="auto">As we enter the endemic phase of COVID-19, let’s take a look at how ASEAN states are trying to revive the tourism sector after nearly 2 years of suspended travel.</div><div dir="auto"></div></div><div class="o9v6fnle cxmmr5t8 oygrvhab hcukyx3x c1et5uql ii04i59q"><div dir="auto">Keep an eye out as the SIIA’s next report dives to examine the ways Singapore and its ASEAN neighbors are coping with the pandemic and the key economic and political challenges they face.</div></div><div dir="auto"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" class="alignnone size-large wp-image-9849" src="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/2-1024x1024.png" alt="" width="1024" height="1024" srcset="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/2-1024x1024.png 1024w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/2-300x300.png 300w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/2-150x150.png 150w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/2-570x570.png 570w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/2-500x500.png 500w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/2-1000x1000.png 1000w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/2-700x700.png 700w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/2.png 1080w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /> <img decoding="async" class="alignnone size-large wp-image-9850" src="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/3-1024x1024.png" alt="" width="1024" height="1024" srcset="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/3-1024x1024.png 1024w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/3-300x300.png 300w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/3-150x150.png 150w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/3-570x570.png 570w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/3-500x500.png 500w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/3-1000x1000.png 1000w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/3-700x700.png 700w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/3.png 1080w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /> <img decoding="async" class="alignnone size-large wp-image-9851" src="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/4-1024x1024.png" alt="" width="1024" height="1024" srcset="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/4-1024x1024.png 1024w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/4-300x300.png 300w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/4-150x150.png 150w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/4-570x570.png 570w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/4-500x500.png 500w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/4-1000x1000.png 1000w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/4-700x700.png 700w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/4.png 1080w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /> <img decoding="async" class="alignnone size-large wp-image-9852" src="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/5-1024x1024.png" alt="" width="1024" height="1024" srcset="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/5-1024x1024.png 1024w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/5-300x300.png 300w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/5-150x150.png 150w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/5-570x570.png 570w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/5-500x500.png 500w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/5-1000x1000.png 1000w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/5-700x700.png 700w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/5.png 1080w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></div></div></div></div></article></div></div><div class="row"><div data-post-header-style="default_minimal" class="blog_next_prev_buttons vc_row-fluid wpb_row full-width-content standard_section" data-style="fullwidth_next_prev" data-midnight="light"><ul class="controls"><li class="previous-post "><div class="post-bg-img" data-nectar-img-src="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/pexels-pixabay-327430.jpg"></div><a href="https://siiaonline.org/between-a-rock-and-a-hard-place-asean-aukus-and-the-eu-indo-pacific-strategy-fes-asia/" aria-label="Between a rock and a hard place: ASEAN, AUKUS and the EU Indo-Pacific Strategy (FES Asia)"></a><h3><span>Previous Post</span><span class="text">Between a rock and a hard place: ASEAN, AUKUS and the EU Indo-Pacific Strategy (FES Asia) <svg class="next-arrow" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" viewBox="0 0 39 12"><line class="top" x1="23" y1="-0.5" x2="29.5" y2="6.5" stroke="#ffffff;"></line><line class="bottom" x1="23" y1="12.5" x2="29.5" y2="5.5" stroke="#ffffff;"></line></svg><span class="line"></span></span></h3></li><li class="next-post "><div class="post-bg-img" data-nectar-img-src="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/ACEPUSE.png"></div><a href="https://siiaonline.org/siia-joins-the-asian-council-of-economic-policy-acep-as-a-founding-member-2/" aria-label="SIIA joins the Asian Council of Economic Policy (ACEP) as a founding member"></a><h3><span>Next Post</span><span class="text">SIIA joins the Asian Council of Economic Policy (ACEP) as a founding member <svg class="next-arrow" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" viewBox="0 0 39 12"><line class="top" x1="23" y1="-0.5" x2="29.5" y2="6.5" stroke="#ffffff;"></line><line class="bottom" x1="23" y1="12.5" x2="29.5" y2="5.5" stroke="#ffffff;"></line></svg><span class="line"></span></span></h3></li></ul></div><div class="row vc_row-fluid full-width-section related-post-wrap post-loop-builder" data-midnight="dark"><h3 class="related-title">Related Posts</h3><div class='nectar-post-grid-wrap text-color-dark additional-meta-size-small spacing-15px' data-el-settings='{"post_type":"post"}' data-query='{"post_type":"post"}' data-style='content_under_image'><div class="nectar-post-grid custom_font_size_20px card_hover_color_ category-position-before-title " data-indicator="" data-indicator-style="default" data-indicator-text-color="#fff" data-indicator-color="#000" data-indicator-text="View" data-masonry="false" data-columns="3" data-hover-effect="animated_underline" data-text-style="default" data-border-radius="5px" data-grid-item-height="30vh" data-grid-spacing="15px" data-text-layout="top_left" data-text-color="dark" data-text-hover-color="dark" data-shadow-hover="yes" data-animation="none" data-animation-stagger="100" data-cat-click="default" data-lock-aspect="" data-text-align="left" data-card="" style="--post-grid-border-radius:5px;" ><div class="nectar-post-grid-item nectar-underline" data-post-id="10473" data-has-img="true"><div class="inner"><div class="nectar-post-grid-item-bg-wrap"><div class="nectar-post-grid-item-bg-wrap-inner"><a class="bg-wrap-link" aria-label="‘Charting ASEAN’s Digital Future: Emerging Policy Challenges’ – Retail e-commerce market volume in key ASEAN markets (in US$bn)" href="https://siiaonline.org/charting-aseans-digital-future-emerging-policy-challenges-retail-e-commerce-market-volume-in-key-asean-markets-in-usbn/"></a><div class="nectar-post-grid-item-bg"><img class="nectar-lazy skip-lazy" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D'http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg'%20viewBox%3D'0%200%201654%201654'%2F%3E" alt="" height="1654" width="1654" data-nectar-img-src="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/SIIA-Webinars-8-1024x1024.png" data-nectar-img-srcset="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/SIIA-Webinars-8-1024x1024.png 1024w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/SIIA-Webinars-8-300x300.png 300w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/SIIA-Webinars-8-150x150.png 150w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/SIIA-Webinars-8-1536x1536.png 1536w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/SIIA-Webinars-8-570x570.png 570w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/SIIA-Webinars-8-500x500.png 500w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/SIIA-Webinars-8-1000x1000.png 1000w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/SIIA-Webinars-8-700x700.png 700w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/SIIA-Webinars-8.png 1654w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></div></div></div><div class="content"><a class="nectar-post-grid-link" href="https://siiaonline.org/charting-aseans-digital-future-emerging-policy-challenges-retail-e-commerce-market-volume-in-key-asean-markets-in-usbn/" aria-label="‘Charting ASEAN’s Digital Future: Emerging Policy Challenges’ – Retail e-commerce market volume in key ASEAN markets (in US$bn)"></a><span class="meta-category"><a class="for-all-members style-underline" href="https://siiaonline.org/category/for-all-members/">FOR ALL MEMBERS</a></span><div class="item-main"><h3 class="post-heading"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/charting-aseans-digital-future-emerging-policy-challenges-retail-e-commerce-market-volume-in-key-asean-markets-in-usbn/"><span>‘Charting ASEAN’s Digital Future: Emerging Policy Challenges’ – Retail e-commerce market volume in key ASEAN markets (in US$bn)</span></a></h3><div class="nectar-post-grid-item__excerpt-wrap item-meta-extra"><span class="meta-excerpt">One emerging trend in ASEAN's digital economy is the rising e-commerce market volume, as shared…</span></div><span class="nectar-post-grid-item__meta-wrap"><span class="meta-date">June 15, 2022</span><span class="meta-reading-time">1 min</span></span></div></div></div></div><div class="nectar-post-grid-item nectar-underline" data-post-id="10479" data-has-img="true"><div class="inner"><div class="nectar-post-grid-item-bg-wrap"><div class="nectar-post-grid-item-bg-wrap-inner"><a class="bg-wrap-link" aria-label="9th Singapore Dialogue on Sustainable World Resources – Panel 1" href="https://siiaonline.org/9th-singapore-dialogue-on-sustainable-world-resources-panel-1/"></a><div class="nectar-post-grid-item-bg"><img class="nectar-lazy skip-lazy" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D'http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg'%20viewBox%3D'0%200%201654%201654'%2F%3E" alt="" height="1654" width="1654" data-nectar-img-src="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/SIIA-Webinars-12-1024x1024.png" data-nectar-img-srcset="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/SIIA-Webinars-12-1024x1024.png 1024w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/SIIA-Webinars-12-300x300.png 300w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/SIIA-Webinars-12-150x150.png 150w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/SIIA-Webinars-12-1536x1536.png 1536w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/SIIA-Webinars-12-570x570.png 570w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/SIIA-Webinars-12-500x500.png 500w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/SIIA-Webinars-12-1000x1000.png 1000w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/SIIA-Webinars-12-700x700.png 700w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/SIIA-Webinars-12.png 1654w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></div></div></div><div class="content"><a class="nectar-post-grid-link" href="https://siiaonline.org/9th-singapore-dialogue-on-sustainable-world-resources-panel-1/" aria-label="9th Singapore Dialogue on Sustainable World Resources – Panel 1"></a><span class="meta-category"><a class="for-all-members style-underline" href="https://siiaonline.org/category/for-all-members/">FOR ALL MEMBERS</a></span><div class="item-main"><h3 class="post-heading"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/9th-singapore-dialogue-on-sustainable-world-resources-panel-1/"><span>9th Singapore Dialogue on Sustainable World Resources – Panel 1</span></a></h3><div class="nectar-post-grid-item__excerpt-wrap item-meta-extra"><span class="meta-excerpt">While countries have agreed on some basic principles established at COP26, there are practical questions…</span></div><span class="nectar-post-grid-item__meta-wrap"><span class="meta-date">June 9, 2022</span><span class="meta-reading-time">1 min</span></span></div></div></div></div><div class="nectar-post-grid-item nectar-underline" data-post-id="10477" data-has-img="true"><div class="inner"><div class="nectar-post-grid-item-bg-wrap"><div class="nectar-post-grid-item-bg-wrap-inner"><a class="bg-wrap-link" aria-label="‘Charting ASEAN’s Digital Future: Emerging Policy Challenges’ – Top Markets for Data Centres in Asia Pacific (2022)" href="https://siiaonline.org/charting-aseans-digital-future-emerging-policy-challenges-top-markets-for-data-centres-in-asia-pacific-2022/"></a><div class="nectar-post-grid-item-bg"><img class="nectar-lazy skip-lazy" src="data:image/svg+xml;charset=utf-8,%3Csvg%20xmlns%3D'http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2Fsvg'%20viewBox%3D'0%200%201654%201654'%2F%3E" alt="" height="1654" width="1654" data-nectar-img-src="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/SIIA-Webinars-14-1024x1024.png" data-nectar-img-srcset="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/SIIA-Webinars-14-1024x1024.png 1024w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/SIIA-Webinars-14-300x300.png 300w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/SIIA-Webinars-14-150x150.png 150w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/SIIA-Webinars-14-1536x1536.png 1536w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/SIIA-Webinars-14-570x570.png 570w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/SIIA-Webinars-14-500x500.png 500w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/SIIA-Webinars-14-1000x1000.png 1000w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/SIIA-Webinars-14-700x700.png 700w, https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/SIIA-Webinars-14.png 1654w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></div></div></div><div class="content"><a class="nectar-post-grid-link" href="https://siiaonline.org/charting-aseans-digital-future-emerging-policy-challenges-top-markets-for-data-centres-in-asia-pacific-2022/" aria-label="‘Charting ASEAN’s Digital Future: Emerging Policy Challenges’ – Top Markets for Data Centres in Asia Pacific (2022)"></a><span class="meta-category"><a class="for-all-members style-underline" href="https://siiaonline.org/category/for-all-members/">FOR ALL MEMBERS</a></span><div class="item-main"><h3 class="post-heading"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/charting-aseans-digital-future-emerging-policy-challenges-top-markets-for-data-centres-in-asia-pacific-2022/"><span>‘Charting ASEAN’s Digital Future: Emerging Policy Challenges’ – Top Markets for Data Centres in Asia Pacific (2022)</span></a></h3><div class="nectar-post-grid-item__excerpt-wrap item-meta-extra"><span class="meta-excerpt">As more business activities move to the virtual realm and generate exponential amounts of data,…</span></div><span class="nectar-post-grid-item__meta-wrap"><span class="meta-date">June 7, 2022</span><span class="meta-reading-time">1 min</span></span></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="comments-section" data-author-bio="false"><div class="comment-wrap " data-midnight="dark" data-comments-open="false"></div></div></div></div></div><div class="nectar-social fixed" data-position="" data-rm-love="0" data-color-override="override"><a href="#"><i class="icon-default-style steadysets-icon-share"></i></a><div class="nectar-social-inner"><a class='facebook-share nectar-sharing' href='#' title='Share this'> <i class='fa fa-facebook'></i> <span class='social-text'>Share</span> </a><a class='twitter-share nectar-sharing' href='#' title='Share this'> <i class='fa icon-salient-x-twitter'></i> <span class='social-text'>Share</span> </a><a class='linkedin-share nectar-sharing' href='#' title='Share this'> <i class='fa fa-linkedin'></i> <span class='social-text'>Share</span> </a><a class='pinterest-share nectar-sharing' href='#' title='Pin this'> <i class='fa fa-pinterest'></i> <span class='social-text'>Pin</span> </a></div></div><style>.nectar-shape-divider-wrap { position: absolute; top: auto; bottom: 0; left: 0; right: 0; width: 100%; height: 150px; z-index: 3; transform: translateZ(0); } .post-area.span_9 .nectar-shape-divider-wrap { overflow: hidden; } .nectar-shape-divider-wrap[data-front="true"] { z-index: 50; } .nectar-shape-divider-wrap[data-style="waves_opacity"] svg path:first-child { opacity: 0.6; } .nectar-shape-divider-wrap[data-style="curve_opacity"] svg path:nth-child(1), .nectar-shape-divider-wrap[data-style="waves_opacity_alt"] svg path:nth-child(1) { opacity: 0.15; } .nectar-shape-divider-wrap[data-style="curve_opacity"] svg path:nth-child(2), .nectar-shape-divider-wrap[data-style="waves_opacity_alt"] svg path:nth-child(2) { opacity: 0.3; } .nectar-shape-divider { width: 100%; left: 0; bottom: -1px; height: 100%; position: absolute; } .nectar-shape-divider-wrap.no-color .nectar-shape-divider { fill: #fff; } @media only screen and (max-width: 999px) { .nectar-shape-divider-wrap:not([data-using-percent-val="true"]) .nectar-shape-divider { height: 75%; } .nectar-shape-divider-wrap[data-style="clouds"]:not([data-using-percent-val="true"]) .nectar-shape-divider { height: 55%; } } @media only screen and (max-width: 690px) { .nectar-shape-divider-wrap:not([data-using-percent-val="true"]) .nectar-shape-divider { height: 33%; } .nectar-shape-divider-wrap[data-style="clouds"]:not([data-using-percent-val="true"]) .nectar-shape-divider { height: 33%; } } #ajax-content-wrap .nectar-shape-divider-wrap[data-height="1"] .nectar-shape-divider, #ajax-content-wrap .nectar-shape-divider-wrap[data-height="1px"] .nectar-shape-divider { height: 1px; }.nectar-shape-divider-wrap[data-position="top"] { top: -1px; bottom: auto; } .nectar-shape-divider-wrap[data-position="top"] { transform: rotate(180deg) }.wpb_column.border_bottom_desktop_1px > .vc_column-inner, .wpb_column.border_bottom_desktop_1px > .n-sticky > .vc_column-inner { border-bottom-width: 1px; }.wpb_column.border_color_1a4272 > .vc_column-inner, .wpb_column.border_color_1a4272 > .n-sticky > .vc_column-inner { border-color: #1a4272; }.wpb_column.border_style_solid > .vc_column-inner, .wpb_column.border_style_solid > .n-sticky > .vc_column-inner { border-style: solid; }@media only screen , print { .wpb_column.force-desktop-text-align-left, .wpb_column.force-desktop-text-align-left .col { text-align: left!important; } .wpb_column.force-desktop-text-align-right, .wpb_column.force-desktop-text-align-right .col { text-align: right!important; } .wpb_column.force-desktop-text-align-center, .wpb_column.force-desktop-text-align-center .col, .wpb_column.force-desktop-text-align-center .vc_custom_heading, .wpb_column.force-desktop-text-align-center .nectar-cta { text-align: center!important; } .wpb_column.force-desktop-text-align-center .img-with-aniamtion-wrap img { display: inline-block; } } .col.padding-4-percent > .vc_column-inner, .col.padding-4-percent > .n-sticky > .vc_column-inner { padding: calc(600px * 0.06); } @media only screen and (max-width: 690px) { .col.padding-4-percent > .vc_column-inner, .col.padding-4-percent > .n-sticky > .vc_column-inner { padding: calc(100vw * 0.06); } } @media only screen and (min-width: 1000px) { .col.padding-4-percent > .vc_column-inner, .col.padding-4-percent > .n-sticky > .vc_column-inner { padding: calc((100vw - 180px) * 0.04); } .column_container:not(.vc_col-sm-12) .col.padding-4-percent > .vc_column-inner { padding: calc((100vw - 180px) * 0.02); } } @media only screen and (min-width: 1425px) { .col.padding-4-percent > .vc_column-inner { padding: calc(1245px * 0.04); } .column_container:not(.vc_col-sm-12) .col.padding-4-percent > .vc_column-inner { padding: calc(1245px * 0.02); } } .full-width-content .col.padding-4-percent > .vc_column-inner { padding: calc(100vw * 0.04); } @media only screen and (max-width: 999px) { .full-width-content .col.padding-4-percent > .vc_column-inner { padding: calc(100vw * 0.06); } }@media only screen and (min-width: 1000px) { .full-width-content .column_container:not(.vc_col-sm-12) .col.padding-4-percent > .vc_column-inner { padding: calc(100vw * 0.02); } } #ajax-content-wrap .col[data-padding-pos="top-bottom"]> .vc_column-inner, #ajax-content-wrap .col[data-padding-pos="top-bottom"] > .n-sticky > .vc_column-inner { padding-left:0; padding-right:0 }.wpb_column.child_column.border_top_desktop_1px > .vc_column-inner, .wpb_column.child_column.border_top_desktop_1px > .n-sticky > .vc_column-inner { border-top-width: 1px; }.wpb_column.child_column.border_color_1a4272 > .vc_column-inner, .wpb_column.child_column.border_color_1a4272 > .n-sticky > .vc_column-inner { border-color: #1a4272; }.wpb_column.child_column.border_style_solid > .vc_column-inner, .wpb_column.child_column.border_style_solid > .n-sticky > .vc_column-inner { border-style: solid; } .nectar_icon_wrap i { vertical-align: middle; top: 0; } .nectar_icon_wrap i[class*="nectar-brands"] { display: inline-block; } .wpb_wrapper > .nectar_icon_wrap { margin-bottom: 0; } .nectar_icon_wrap i { transition: color .25s ease; } .nectar_icon_wrap path { transition: fill .25s ease; } .nectar-pulsate i { display: block; border-radius: 200px; background-color: currentColor; position: relative; } .nectar-pulsate i:after { display: block; position: absolute; top: 50%; left: 50%; content: ""; width: 100%; height: 100%; margin: -50% auto auto -50%; -webkit-transform-origin: 50% 50%; transform-origin: 50% 50%; border-radius: 50%; background-color: currentColor; opacity: 1; z-index: 11; pointer-events: none; animation: nectar_pulsate 2s cubic-bezier(.2,1,.2,1) infinite; } @keyframes nectar_pulsate { 0% { opacity: 0.6; transform: scale(1); } 100% { opacity: 0; transform: scale(3); } } .nectar_icon_wrap[data-style*="default"][data-color*="extra-color-gradient"] .nectar_icon i { border-radius: 0!important; text-align: center; } .nectar_icon_wrap[data-style*="default"][data-color*="extra-color-gradient"] .nectar_icon i:before { vertical-align: top; } .nectar_icon_wrap[data-style*="default"][data-color*="extra-color-gradient"] .nectar_icon i[class*="fa-"], .nectar_icon_wrap[data-style*="default"][data-color*="extra-color-gradient"] .nectar_icon i[class^="icon-"] { vertical-align: baseline; } .nectar-split-heading .heading-line{ display:block; overflow:hidden; position:relative } .nectar-split-heading .heading-line >div{ display:block; transform:translateY(200%); -webkit-transform:translateY(200%) } .nectar-split-heading h1{ margin-bottom:0 }.centered-text .nectar-split-heading[data-animation-type="line-reveal-by-space"] h1, .centered-text .nectar-split-heading[data-animation-type="line-reveal-by-space"] h2, .centered-text .nectar-split-heading[data-animation-type="line-reveal-by-space"] h3, .centered-text .nectar-split-heading[data-animation-type="line-reveal-by-space"] h4 { margin: 0 auto; } .nectar-split-heading[data-animation-type="line-reveal-by-space"]:not(.markup-generated) { opacity: 0; } .nectar-split-heading[data-animation-type="line-reveal-by-space"]:not(.markup-generated).animated-in { opacity: 1; } @media only screen and (max-width: 999px) { .nectar-split-heading[data-m-rm-animation="true"] { opacity: 1!important; } } .nectar-split-heading[data-animation-type="line-reveal-by-space"] > * > span { position: relative; display: inline-block; overflow: hidden; } .nectar-split-heading[data-animation-type="line-reveal-by-space"] span { vertical-align: bottom; } .nectar-split-heading[data-animation-type="line-reveal-by-space"] span { line-height: 1.2; } @media only screen and (min-width: 1000px) { .nectar-split-heading[data-animation-type="line-reveal-by-space"]:not(.markup-generated) > * { line-height: 1.2; } } @media only screen and (max-width: 999px) { .nectar-split-heading[data-animation-type="line-reveal-by-space"]:not([data-m-rm-animation="true"]):not(.markup-generated) > * { line-height: 1.2; } } .nectar-split-heading[data-animation-type="line-reveal-by-space"][data-stagger="true"]:not([data-text-effect*="letter-reveal"]) span .inner { transition: transform 1.2s cubic-bezier(0.25, 1, 0.5, 1), opacity 1.2s cubic-bezier(0.25, 1, 0.5, 1); } .nectar-split-heading[data-animation-type="line-reveal-by-space"] span .inner { position: relative; display: inline-block; -webkit-transform: translateY(1.3em); transform: translateY(1.3em); } .nectar-split-heading[data-animation-type="line-reveal-by-space"] span .inner.animated { -webkit-transform: none; transform: none; opacity: 1; }.nectar-split-heading[data-animation-type="line-reveal-by-space"][data-align="left"] { display: flex; justify-content: flex-start; } .nectar-split-heading[data-animation-type="line-reveal-by-space"][data-align="center"] { display: flex; justify-content: center; } .nectar-split-heading[data-animation-type="line-reveal-by-space"][data-align="right"] { display: flex; justify-content: flex-end; } @media only screen and (max-width: 999px) { .nectar-split-heading[data-animation-type="line-reveal-by-space"][data-m-align="left"] { display: flex; justify-content: flex-start; } .nectar-split-heading[data-animation-type="line-reveal-by-space"][data-m-align="center"] { display: flex; justify-content: center; } .nectar-split-heading[data-animation-type="line-reveal-by-space"][data-m-align="right"] { display: flex; justify-content: flex-end; } }@media only screen , print { #ajax-content-wrap .font_size_desktop_13px.nectar-cta, .font_size_desktop_13px.nectar-cta { font-size: 13px; } }@media only screen , print { #ajax-content-wrap .font_size_desktop_13px.nectar-cta, .font_size_desktop_13px.nectar-cta, #header-outer .font_size_desktop_13px.nectar-cta { font-size: 13px; } }@media only screen , print { #ajax-content-wrap .font_size_desktop_13px.nectar-cta *, .font_size_desktop_13px.nectar-cta * { font-size: 13px; } }@media only screen , print { #ajax-content-wrap .font_size_desktop_13px.nectar-cta *, .font_size_desktop_13px.nectar-cta *, #header-outer .font_size_desktop_13px.nectar-cta * { font-size: 13px; } }.nectar-cta.font_size_desktop_13px, .nectar-cta.font_size_desktop_13px * { line-height: 1.1; }.nectar-cta.font_size_desktop_13px[data-style="underline"], .nectar-cta.font_size_desktop_13px * { line-height: 1.5; }@media only screen and (max-width: 999px) { .nectar-cta.display_tablet_inline-block { display: inline-block; } }@media only screen and (max-width: 690px) { .nectar-cta.display_phone_inline-block { display: inline-block; } }@media only screen and (max-width: 690px) { .divider-wrap.height_phone_24px > .divider { height: 24px!important; } }@media only screen and (max-width: 690px) { .divider-wrap.height_phone_20px > .divider { height: 20px!important; } }@media only screen and (max-width: 690px) { .vc_row.top_padding_phone_12pct { padding-top: 12%!important; } }</style><div class="nectar-global-section nectar_hook_global_section_footer"><div class="container normal-container row"><div id="mailinglist" data-column-margin="default" data-midnight="light" data-top-percent="8%" class="wpb_row vc_row-fluid vc_row full-width-section top_padding_phone_12pct" style="padding-top: calc(100vw * 0.08); padding-bottom: 0px; "><div class="row-bg-wrap" data-bg-animation="none" data-bg-animation-delay="" data-bg-overlay="false"><div class="inner-wrap row-bg-layer using-image" ><div class="row-bg viewport-desktop using-image using-bg-color" style="background-position: right top; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-color: #002e6d; " data-nectar-img-src="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Wave-white-1.svg"></div></div></div><div class="nectar-shape-divider-wrap " style=" height:50px;" data-height="50" data-front="true" data-style="curve" data-position="top" ><svg class="nectar-shape-divider" aria-hidden="true" fill="#ffffff" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 1000 100" preserveAspectRatio="none"> <path d="M 0 0 c 0 0 200 50 500 50 s 500 -50 500 -50 v 101 h -1000 v -100 z"></path> </svg></div><div class="row_col_wrap_12 col span_12 light left"><div class="vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column column_container vc_column_container col centered-text no-extra-padding inherit_tablet inherit_phone border_bottom_desktop_1px border_color_1a4272 border_style_solid " data-padding-pos="all" data-has-bg-color="false" data-bg-color="" data-bg-opacity="1" data-animation="" data-delay="0" ><div class="vc_column-inner" ><div class="wpb_wrapper"><div class="nectar-split-heading " data-align="center" data-m-align="inherit" data-text-effect="default" data-animation-type="line-reveal-by-space" data-animation-delay="0" data-animation-offset="" data-m-rm-animation="" data-stagger="true" data-custom-font-size="false" ><h3 >Sign up for updates</h3></div><div class="nectar-split-heading " data-align="center" data-m-align="inherit" data-text-effect="default" data-animation-type="line-reveal-by-space" data-animation-delay="0" data-animation-offset="" data-m-rm-animation="" data-stagger="true" data-custom-font-size="false" ><p >Get the latest SIIA news and articles straight to your inbox</p></div><div class="wpb_raw_code wpb_raw_html wpb_content_element" ><div class="wpb_wrapper"><form class="sml_subscribe" method="post"><input class="sml_hiddenfield" name="sml_subscribe" type="hidden" value="1"><p class="sml_name"><label class="sml_namelabel" for="sml_name">Name:</label><input class="sml_nameinput" placeholder="Name" name="sml_name" type="text" value=""></p><p class="sml_email"><label class="sml_emaillabel" for="sml_email">Email:</label><input class="sml_emailinput" name="sml_email" placeholder="Email Address" type="text" value=""></p><p class="sml_submit"><input name="submit" class="btn sml_submitbtn" type="submit" value="Join"></p></form></div></div><div class="divider-wrap height_phone_20px " data-alignment="default"><div style="height: 50px;" class="divider"></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="fws_67b36144577f5" data-column-margin="default" data-midnight="light" class="wpb_row vc_row-fluid vc_row full-width-section footer" style="padding-top: 50px; padding-bottom: 50px; "><div class="row-bg-wrap" data-bg-animation="none" data-bg-animation-delay="" data-bg-overlay="false"><div class="inner-wrap row-bg-layer" ><div class="row-bg viewport-desktop using-bg-color" style="background-color: #002e6d; "></div></div></div><div class="row_col_wrap_12 col span_12 light left"><div class="vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column column_container vc_column_container col no-extra-padding inherit_tablet inherit_phone " data-padding-pos="all" data-has-bg-color="false" data-bg-color="" data-bg-opacity="1" data-animation="" data-delay="0" ><div class="vc_column-inner" ><div class="wpb_wrapper"><div id="fws_67b36144590db" data-midnight="" data-column-margin="default" class="wpb_row vc_row-fluid vc_row inner_row" style=""><div class="row-bg-wrap"><div class="row-bg" ></div></div><div class="row_col_wrap_12_inner col span_12 left"><div class="vc_col-sm-4 vc_col-md-2 wpb_column column_container vc_column_container col child_column no-extra-padding inherit_tablet inherit_phone " data-padding-pos="all" data-has-bg-color="false" data-bg-color="" data-bg-opacity="1" data-animation="" data-delay="0" ><div class="vc_column-inner" ><div class="wpb_wrapper"><div class="nectar-split-heading " data-align="left" data-m-align="inherit" data-text-effect="default" data-animation-type="line-reveal-by-space" data-animation-delay="0" data-animation-offset="" data-m-rm-animation="" data-stagger="true" data-custom-font-size="false" ><h6 >Programmes</h6></div><div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element " ><div class="wpb_wrapper"><p><a href="https://siiaonline.org/programmes/asean/">ASEAN</a></p><p><a href="https://siiaonline.org/category/de-updates/">Digital Economy</a></p><p><a href="https://siiaonline.org/programmes/sustainability/">Sustainability</a></p><p>ASEAN Climate Community</p></div></div><div class="nectar-split-heading " data-align="left" data-m-align="inherit" data-text-effect="default" data-animation-type="line-reveal-by-space" data-animation-delay="0" data-animation-offset="" data-m-rm-animation="" data-stagger="true" data-custom-font-size="false" ><h6 >Regions</h6></div><div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element " ><div class="wpb_wrapper"><p><a href="https://siiaonline.org/tag/asean/">ASEAN</a></p><p><a href="https://siiaonline.org/tag/china/">China</a></p><p><a href="https://siiaonline.org/tag/european-union/">EU</a></p><p><a href="https://siiaonline.org/tag/japan/">Japan</a></p><p><a href="https://siiaonline.org/tag/south-korea/">South Korea</a></p><p><a href="https://siiaonline.org/tag/taiwan/">Taiwan</a></p><p><a href="https://siiaonline.org/tag/usa/">USA</a></p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="vc_col-sm-4 vc_col-md-2 wpb_column column_container vc_column_container col child_column no-extra-padding inherit_tablet inherit_phone " data-padding-pos="all" data-has-bg-color="false" data-bg-color="" data-bg-opacity="1" data-animation="" data-delay="0" ><div class="vc_column-inner" ><div class="wpb_wrapper"><div class="nectar-split-heading " data-align="left" data-m-align="inherit" data-text-effect="default" data-animation-type="line-reveal-by-space" data-animation-delay="0" data-animation-offset="" data-m-rm-animation="" data-stagger="true" data-custom-font-size="false" ><h6 >Publications</h6></div><div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element " ><div class="wpb_wrapper"><p><a href="https://siiaonline.org/publications/#specialreports">Special Reports</a></p><p><a href="https://siiaonline.org/publications/#commentaries">Commentaries</a></p><p><a href="https://siiaonline.org/publications/#conferencehighlights">Conference Highlights</a></p><p><a href="https://siiaonline.org/publications/#insights">Insights</a></p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="vc_col-sm-4 vc_col-md-2 wpb_column column_container vc_column_container col child_column no-extra-padding inherit_tablet inherit_phone " data-padding-pos="all" data-has-bg-color="false" data-bg-color="" data-bg-opacity="1" data-animation="" data-delay="0" ><div class="vc_column-inner" ><div class="wpb_wrapper"><div class="nectar-split-heading " data-align="left" data-m-align="inherit" data-text-effect="default" data-animation-type="line-reveal-by-space" data-animation-delay="0" data-animation-offset="" data-m-rm-animation="" data-stagger="true" data-custom-font-size="false" ><h6 >Events</h6></div><div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element " ><div class="wpb_wrapper"><p><a href="https://siiaonline.org/event/asean-and-asia-forum/">Flagship – ASEAN</a></p><p><a href="https://siiaonline.org/event/sustainable-world-forum-2024/">Flagship – Sustainability</a></p><p><a href="#">Annual Fundraising Dinner</a></p><p><a href="https://siiaonline.org/events">Events Calendar</a></p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="vc_col-sm-4 vc_col-md-2 wpb_column column_container vc_column_container col child_column" data-padding-pos="all" data-has-bg-color="false" data-bg-color="" data-bg-opacity="1" data-animation="" data-delay="0" ><div class="vc_column-inner" ><div class="wpb_wrapper"><div class="nectar-split-heading " data-align="left" data-m-align="inherit" data-text-effect="default" data-animation-type="line-reveal-by-space" data-animation-delay="0" data-animation-offset="" data-m-rm-animation="" data-stagger="true" data-custom-font-size="false" ><h6 >Membership</h6></div><div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element " ><div class="wpb_wrapper"><p><a href="https://siiaonline.org/membership/#membershiptiers">Membership Tiers</a></p><p><a href="https://siiaonline.org/membership/faqs/">FAQs</a></p><p><a href="https://siiaonline.org/membership/apply-now/">Apply Now</a></p><p><a href="https://siiaonline.org/membership/premium-resources/">Premium Resources</a></p></div></div><div class="nectar-split-heading " data-align="left" data-m-align="inherit" data-text-effect="default" data-animation-type="line-reveal-by-space" data-animation-delay="0" data-animation-offset="" data-m-rm-animation="" data-stagger="true" data-custom-font-size="false" ><h6 >Advisory</h6></div><div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element " ><div class="wpb_wrapper"><p><a href="https://siiaonline.org/advisory/#topics">Topics</a></p><p><a href="https://siiaonline.org/advisory/#faqs">FAQs</a></p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="vc_col-sm-4 vc_col-md-2 wpb_column column_container vc_column_container col child_column" data-padding-pos="all" data-has-bg-color="false" data-bg-color="" data-bg-opacity="1" data-animation="" data-delay="0" ><div class="vc_column-inner" ><div class="wpb_wrapper"><div class="nectar-split-heading " data-align="left" data-m-align="inherit" data-text-effect="default" data-animation-type="line-reveal-by-space" data-animation-delay="0" data-animation-offset="" data-m-rm-animation="" data-stagger="true" data-custom-font-size="false" ><h6 >News</h6></div><div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element " ><div class="wpb_wrapper"><p><a href="https://siiaonline.org/category/press-release/">Press Release</a></p><p><a href="https://siiaonline.org/category/media-coverage/">Media Coverage</a></p></div></div></div></div></div><div class="vc_col-sm-4 vc_col-md-2 wpb_column column_container vc_column_container col child_column" data-padding-pos="all" data-has-bg-color="false" data-bg-color="" data-bg-opacity="1" data-animation="" data-delay="0" ><div class="vc_column-inner" ><div class="wpb_wrapper"><div class="nectar-split-heading " data-align="left" data-m-align="inherit" data-text-effect="default" data-animation-type="line-reveal-by-space" data-animation-delay="0" data-animation-offset="" data-m-rm-animation="" data-stagger="true" data-custom-font-size="false" ><h6 >Contact Us</h6></div><div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element " ><div class="wpb_wrapper"><p><a href="/contact-us/">Contact Us</a></p></div></div><div class="nectar-split-heading " data-align="left" data-m-align="inherit" data-text-effect="default" data-animation-type="line-reveal-by-space" data-animation-delay="0" data-animation-offset="" data-m-rm-animation="" data-stagger="true" data-custom-font-size="false" ><h6 >Find us on social media</h6></div><div class="nectar_icon_wrap " data-style="default" data-padding="0px" data-color="white" style="margin-right: 20px; " ><div class="nectar_icon" ><a href="https://www.facebook.com/think.siia/" target="_blank"></a><i style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 16px; height: 16px; width: 16px;" class="fa fa-facebook-square"></i></div></div><div class="nectar_icon_wrap " data-style="default" data-padding="0px" data-color="white" style="margin-right: 20px; " ><div class="nectar_icon" ><a href="https://www.instagram.com/siia_sg/" target="_blank"></a><i style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 16px; height: 16px; width: 16px;" class="fa fa-instagram"></i></div></div><div class="nectar_icon_wrap " data-style="default" data-padding="0px" data-color="white" style="margin-right: 20px; " ><div class="nectar_icon" ><a href="https://sg.linkedin.com/company/singapore-institute-of-international-affairs" target="_blank"></a><i style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 16px; height: 16px; width: 16px;" class="fa fa-linkedin"></i></div></div><div class="nectar_icon_wrap " data-style="default" data-padding="0px" data-color="white" style="margin-right: 20px; " ><div class="nectar_icon" ><a href="https://twitter.com/siia_tweet" target="_blank"></a><i style="font-size: 16px; line-height: 16px; height: 16px; width: 16px;" class="nectar-brands-x-twitter"></i></div></div><div class="divider-wrap height_phone_24px " data-alignment="default"><div style="height: 25px;" class="divider"></div></div><div class="wpb_text_column wpb_content_element " ><div class="wpb_wrapper"><p><a href="https://siiaonline.org/sitemap/">Sitemap</a></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div id="fws_67b361445b558" data-column-margin="default" data-midnight="light" class="wpb_row vc_row-fluid vc_row full-width-section" style="padding-top: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; "><div class="row-bg-wrap" data-bg-animation="none" data-bg-animation-delay="" data-bg-overlay="false"><div class="inner-wrap row-bg-layer" ><div class="row-bg viewport-desktop using-bg-color" style="background-color: #002e6d; "></div></div></div><div class="row_col_wrap_12 col span_12 light left"><div class="vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column column_container vc_column_container col no-extra-padding force-desktop-text-align-center inherit_tablet inherit_phone " data-padding-pos="all" data-has-bg-color="false" data-bg-color="" data-bg-opacity="1" data-animation="" data-delay="0" ><div class="vc_column-inner" ><div class="wpb_wrapper"><div id="fws_67b361445b649" data-midnight="" data-column-margin="default" class="wpb_row vc_row-fluid vc_row inner_row" style=" z-index: 2;"><div class="row-bg-wrap"><div class="row-bg" ></div></div><div class="row_col_wrap_12_inner col span_12 left"><div class="vc_col-sm-12 wpb_column column_container vc_column_container col child_column padding-4-percent inherit_tablet inherit_phone border_top_desktop_1px border_color_1a4272 border_style_solid " data-padding-pos="top-bottom" data-has-bg-color="false" data-bg-color="" data-bg-opacity="1" data-animation="" data-delay="0" ><div class="vc_column-inner" ><div class="wpb_wrapper"><p style="font-size: 15px;text-align: center" class="vc_custom_heading vc_do_custom_heading" >Copyright © Singapore Institute of International Affairs. All rights reserved.</p><div class="nectar-cta alignment_tablet_default alignment_phone_default display_tablet_inline-block display_phone_inline-block font_size_desktop_13px " data-color="default" data-using-bg="false" data-display="inline" data-style="underline" data-alignment="left" data-text-color="std" style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px;"><p> <span class="link_wrap" ><a class="link_text" role="button" href="/privacy-policy/">Privacy Policy</a></span></p></div><div class="nectar-cta alignment_tablet_default alignment_phone_default display_tablet_inline-block display_phone_inline-block font_size_desktop_13px " data-color="default" data-using-bg="false" data-display="inline" data-style="underline" data-alignment="left" data-text-color="std" style="margin-right: 10px; margin-left: 10px;"><p> <span class="link_wrap" ><a class="link_text" role="button" href="/privacy-policy/">Terms & Conditions</a></span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><style type="text/css" data-type="vc_shortcodes-default-css">.vc_do_custom_heading{margin-bottom:0.625rem;margin-top:0;}</style></div></div><div id="footer-outer" data-midnight="light" data-cols="4" data-custom-color="false" data-disable-copyright="true" data-matching-section-color="true" data-copyright-line="false" data-using-bg-img="false" data-bg-img-overlay="0.8" data-full-width="false" data-using-widget-area="false" data-link-hover="default"></div><div id="slide-out-widget-area-bg" class="slide-out-from-right-hover dark"></div><div id="slide-out-widget-area" class="slide-out-from-right-hover" data-dropdown-func="separate-dropdown-parent-link" data-back-txt="Back"><div class="inner-wrap"><div class="inner" data-prepend-menu-mobile="false"><a class="slide_out_area_close" href="#"><span class="screen-reader-text">Close Menu</span> <span class="close-wrap"> <span class="close-line close-line1"></span> <span class="close-line close-line2"></span> </span> </a><div class="off-canvas-menu-container mobile-only" role="navigation"><ul class="menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-11875"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/about-us/" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">About</a><ul class="sub-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-12939"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/about-us/">About Us</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-12347"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/about-us/annual-reports/">Annual Reports</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-12348"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/about-us/our-network/">Our Network</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-11743"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Our Work</a><ul class="sub-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-12227"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/programmes/" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Programmes</a><ul class="sub-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-12226"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/programmes/asean/">ASEAN</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-12225"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/programmes/sustainability/">Sustainability</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-13762"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/programmes/eln/">Emerging Leaders Network (ELN)</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-12260"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/publications/" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Publications</a><ul class="sub-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-12261"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/publications/#specialreports">Reports and Conference Highlights</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-13843"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/category/insights/">Insights</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-11745"><a href="/events" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Events</a><ul class="sub-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-11746"><a href="/events">Events Calendar</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-12932"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/events-faqs/">FAQs</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-12536"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Membership</a><ul class="sub-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-12505"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/membership/" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Membership</a><ul class="sub-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-12537"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/membership/#membershiptiers">Membership Tiers</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-12509"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/membership/faqs/">FAQs</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-12504"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/membership/apply-now/">Apply Now</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-12541"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/membership/premium-resources/" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Premium Resources</a><ul class="sub-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-13557"><a href="/membership/premium-resources/#chairmans-notes">Chairman’s Notes</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-13558"><a href="/membership/premium-resources/#country-updates">Country Updates</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-12458"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/advisory/" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Advisory</a><ul class="sub-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-12460"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/advisory/#topics">Topics</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-12461"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/advisory/#faqs">FAQs</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-12438"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/news/" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">News</a><ul class="sub-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-13186"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/category/commentaries/">Commentaries</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-12441"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/category/press-release/">Press Release</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-12477"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/be-involved/" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Be Involved</a><ul class="sub-menu"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-12478"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/be-involved/donate-to-the-siia/">Donate</a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-13036"><a href="https://siiaonline.org/careers/">Careers</a></li></ul></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-11879"><a href="#"><a class="main-menu nectar-button large regular accent-color has-icon regular-button" role="button" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255) !important; visibility: visible;" href="https://siiaonline.org/be-involved/donate-to-the-siia/" data-color-override="false" data-hover-color-override="false" data-hover-text-color-override="#fff"><span>Donate</span></a> <a class="main-menu nectar-button large regular extra-color-1 has-icon regular-button" role="button" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255) !important; visibility: visible; padding-left:50px !important;" href="https://siiaonline.org/events" data-color-override="false" data-hover-color-override="false" data-hover-text-color-override="#fff"><i class="fa fa-calendar" aria-hidden="true" style="left:5px !important; transform: translateY(-56%) translateX(4px);"></i><span>Events</span></a></a></li></ul><ul class="menu secondary-header-items"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-11755"><a href="tel:+6567349600"><span class="menu-title-text">Call Us (65) 6734 9600</span></a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-11756"><a href="mailto:membership@siiaonline.org"><span class="menu-title-text">Email Us</span></a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom nectar-regular-menu-item menu-item-13601"><a href="/contact-us/"><span class="menu-title-text">Contact Us</span></a></li></ul></div></div><div class="bottom-meta-wrap"><ul class="off-canvas-social-links mobile-only"><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://twitter.com/siia_tweet"><span class="screen-reader-text">x-twitter</span><i class="icon-salient-x-twitter" aria-hidden="true"></i> </a></li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="http://www.facebook.com/think.siia"><span class="screen-reader-text">facebook</span><i class="fa fa-facebook" aria-hidden="true"></i> </a></li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/singapore-institute-of-international-affairs/?originalSubdomain=sg"><span class="screen-reader-text">linkedin</span><i class="fa fa-linkedin" aria-hidden="true"></i> </a></li><li><a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://siiaonline.org/feed/rss/"><span class="screen-reader-text">RSS</span><i class="fa fa-rss" aria-hidden="true"></i> </a></li></ul></div></div></div></div><a id="to-top" aria-label="Back to top" href="#" class="mobile-enabled"><i role="presentation" class="fa fa-angle-up"></i></a></div></div> <script src="data:text/javascript;base64,KGZ1bmN0aW9uKGJvZHkpeyd1c2Ugc3RyaWN0Jztib2R5LmNsYXNzTmFtZT1ib2R5LmNsYXNzTmFtZS5yZXBsYWNlKC9cYnRyaWJlLW5vLWpzXGIvLCd0cmliZS1qcycpfSkoZG9jdW1lbnQuYm9keSk=" defer></script> <p class="credit"><a href="https://hellopomelo.com" target="_blank" title="Website Design & Development Agency Singapore" style="text-decoration:none;padding-bottom:10px;">Website by<br/> <img src="https://hellopomelo.com/images/website-by-hellopomelo.png"></a></p> <script src="data:text/javascript;base64,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" defer></script><script type="text/html" id="wpb-modifications">window.wpbCustomElement = 1;</script><link rel='stylesheet' id='js_composer_front-css' href='https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/plugins/js_composer_salient/assets/css/js_composer.min.css' type='text/css' media='all' /><link data-pagespeed-no-defer data-nowprocket data-wpacu-skip data-no-optimize data-noptimize rel='stylesheet' id='main-styles-non-critical-css' href='https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/themes/hellopomelo/css/build/style-non-critical.css' type='text/css' media='all' /><link data-pagespeed-no-defer data-nowprocket data-wpacu-skip data-no-optimize data-noptimize rel='stylesheet' id='fancyBox-css' href='https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/themes/hellopomelo/css/build/plugins/jquery.fancybox.css' type='text/css' media='all' /><link rel='stylesheet' id='nectar-smooth-scroll-css' href='https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/themes/hellopomelo/css/build/plugins/lenis.css' type='text/css' media='all' /><link data-pagespeed-no-defer data-nowprocket data-wpacu-skip data-no-optimize data-noptimize rel='stylesheet' id='nectar-ocm-core-css' href='https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/themes/hellopomelo/css/build/off-canvas/core.css' type='text/css' media='all' /><link data-pagespeed-no-defer data-nowprocket data-wpacu-skip data-no-optimize data-noptimize rel='stylesheet' id='nectar-ocm-slide-out-right-hover-css' href='https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/themes/hellopomelo/css/build/off-canvas/slide-out-right-hover.css' type='text/css' media='all' /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://siiaonline.org/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script data-optimized="1" type="text/javascript" src="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/litespeed/js/8df5be4140de69891be9e2f7f985e6c0.js?ver=5e6c0" id="jquery-migrate-js" defer data-deferred="1"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="salient-social-js-extra" src="data:text/javascript;base64,dmFyIG5lY3RhckxvdmU9eyJhamF4dXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL3NpaWFvbmxpbmUub3JnXC93cC1hZG1pblwvYWRtaW4tYWpheC5waHAiLCJwb3N0SUQiOiI5ODQ3Iiwicm9vdHVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9zaWlhb25saW5lLm9yZyIsImxvdmVOb25jZSI6IjFmMDExOTJmZWMifQ==" defer></script> <script data-optimized="1" type="text/javascript" src="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/litespeed/js/8e70609b1c1fa9b40f48eaefd74e297e.js?ver=e297e" id="salient-social-js" defer data-deferred="1"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="dlm-xhr-js-extra" src="data:text/javascript;base64,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" defer></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="dlm-xhr-js-before" src="data:text/javascript;base64,Y29uc3QgZGxtWEhSPXsieGhyX2xpbmtzIjp7ImNsYXNzIjpbImRvd25sb2FkLWxpbmsiLCJkb3dubG9hZC1idXR0b24iXX0sInByZXZlbnRfZHVwbGljYXRlcyI6ITAsImFqYXhVcmwiOiJodHRwczpcL1wvc2lpYW9ubGluZS5vcmdcL3dwLWFkbWluXC9hZG1pbi1hamF4LnBocCJ9O2RsbVhIUmluc3RhbmNlPXt9O2NvbnN0IGRsbVhIUkdsb2JhbExpbmtzPSJodHRwczovL3NpaWFvbmxpbmUub3JnL2Rvd25sb2FkLyI7Y29uc3QgZGxtTm9uWEhSR2xvYmFsTGlua3M9W107ZGxtWEhSZ2lmPSJodHRwczovL3NpaWFvbmxpbmUub3JnL3dwLWluY2x1ZGVzL2ltYWdlcy9zcGlubmVyLmdpZiI7Y29uc3QgZGxtWEhSUHJvZ3Jlc3M9IjEi" defer></script> <script data-optimized="1" type="text/javascript" src="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/litespeed/js/846d63a2ff320f2329b6eee1adc81a97.js?ver=81a97" id="dlm-xhr-js" defer data-deferred="1"></script> <script data-optimized="1" type="text/javascript" src="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/litespeed/js/51464ffed873f2d051e48800759bf9fa.js?ver=bf9fa" id="jquery-easing-js" defer data-deferred="1"></script> <script data-optimized="1" type="text/javascript" src="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/litespeed/js/ccb9bdddcf264f4ffc2398085fef38a9.js?ver=f38a9" id="jquery-mousewheel-js" defer data-deferred="1"></script> <script data-optimized="1" type="text/javascript" src="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/litespeed/js/300ecba91e0f9a68815ed2273ed6713d.js?ver=6713d" id="nectar_priority-js" defer data-deferred="1"></script> <script data-optimized="1" type="text/javascript" src="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/litespeed/js/28fa04a336e2a93a7187abc798f24a19.js?ver=24a19" id="nectar-transit-js" defer data-deferred="1"></script> <script data-optimized="1" type="text/javascript" src="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/litespeed/js/853f41082526710bc19603ce49ac6897.js?ver=c6897" id="nectar-waypoints-js" defer data-deferred="1"></script> <script data-optimized="1" type="text/javascript" src="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/litespeed/js/b38f9f6eb049a9e217e4de9343269961.js?ver=69961" id="imagesLoaded-js" defer data-deferred="1"></script> <script data-optimized="1" type="text/javascript" src="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/litespeed/js/6d05742ef1a60150ce3da7e2fc845470.js?ver=45470" id="hoverintent-js" defer data-deferred="1"></script> <script data-optimized="1" type="text/javascript" src="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/litespeed/js/5a436ac86c7c87eb030d85c0269a739c.js?ver=a739c" id="fancyBox-js" defer data-deferred="1"></script> <script data-optimized="1" type="text/javascript" src="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/litespeed/js/2257fb7c80288231cf64d0834407941c.js?ver=7941c" id="anime-js" defer data-deferred="1"></script> <script data-optimized="1" type="text/javascript" src="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/litespeed/js/a4f0365971238f2aecf55c7f123bdeb9.js?ver=bdeb9" id="superfish-js" defer data-deferred="1"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="nectar-frontend-js-extra" src="data:text/javascript;base64,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" defer></script> <script data-optimized="1" type="text/javascript" src="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/litespeed/js/9ac10eb01c7d4013829c39fe88d46ca2.js?ver=46ca2" id="nectar-frontend-js" defer data-deferred="1"></script> <script data-optimized="1" type="text/javascript" src="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/litespeed/js/78e0e1626953ca188c0349f393d69e2f.js?ver=69e2f" id="nectar-smooth-scroll-js" defer data-deferred="1"></script> <script data-optimized="1" type="text/javascript" src="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/litespeed/js/a7caa67c411cb0730217657696ad6881.js?ver=d6881" id="touchswipe-js" defer data-deferred="1"></script> <script data-optimized="1" type="text/javascript" src="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/litespeed/js/c7a0d44c2297525e11987dddc02b05c3.js?ver=b05c3" id="select2-js" defer data-deferred="1"></script> <script data-optimized="1" type="text/javascript" src="https://siiaonline.org/wp-content/litespeed/js/7d7caf342f290a1efb8c14791d050cf0.js?ver=50cf0" id="wpb_composer_front_js-js" defer data-deferred="1"></script> <script></script><script data-no-optimize="1">!function(t,e){"object"==typeof exports&&"undefined"!=typeof module?module.exports=e():"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(e):(t="undefined"!=typeof globalThis?globalThis:t||self).LazyLoad=e()}(this,function(){"use strict";function e(){return(e=Object.assign||function(t){for(var e=1;e<arguments.length;e++){var n,a=arguments[e];for(n in a)Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(a,n)&&(t[n]=a[n])}return t}).apply(this,arguments)}function i(t){return e({},it,t)}function o(t,e){var n,a="LazyLoad::Initialized",i=new t(e);try{n=new CustomEvent(a,{detail:{instance:i}})}catch(t){(n=document.createEvent("CustomEvent")).initCustomEvent(a,!1,!1,{instance:i})}window.dispatchEvent(n)}function l(t,e){return t.getAttribute(gt+e)}function c(t){return l(t,bt)}function s(t,e){return function(t,e,n){e=gt+e;null!==n?t.setAttribute(e,n):t.removeAttribute(e)}(t,bt,e)}function r(t){return s(t,null),0}function u(t){return null===c(t)}function d(t){return c(t)===vt}function f(t,e,n,a){t&&(void 0===a?void 0===n?t(e):t(e,n):t(e,n,a))}function _(t,e){nt?t.classList.add(e):t.className+=(t.className?" ":"")+e}function v(t,e){nt?t.classList.remove(e):t.className=t.className.replace(new RegExp("(^|\\s+)"+e+"(\\s+|$)")," ").replace(/^\s+/,"").replace(/\s+$/,"")}function g(t){return t.llTempImage}function b(t,e){!e||(e=e._observer)&&e.unobserve(t)}function p(t,e){t&&(t.loadingCount+=e)}function h(t,e){t&&(t.toLoadCount=e)}function n(t){for(var e,n=[],a=0;e=t.children[a];a+=1)"SOURCE"===e.tagName&&n.push(e);return n}function m(t,e){(t=t.parentNode)&&"PICTURE"===t.tagName&&n(t).forEach(e)}function a(t,e){n(t).forEach(e)}function E(t){return!!t[st]}function I(t){return t[st]}function y(t){return delete t[st]}function A(e,t){var n;E(e)||(n={},t.forEach(function(t){n[t]=e.getAttribute(t)}),e[st]=n)}function k(a,t){var i;E(a)&&(i=I(a),t.forEach(function(t){var e,n;e=a,(t=i[n=t])?e.setAttribute(n,t):e.removeAttribute(n)}))}function L(t,e,n){_(t,e.class_loading),s(t,ut),n&&(p(n,1),f(e.callback_loading,t,n))}function w(t,e,n){n&&t.setAttribute(e,n)}function x(t,e){w(t,ct,l(t,e.data_sizes)),w(t,rt,l(t,e.data_srcset)),w(t,ot,l(t,e.data_src))}function O(t,e,n){var a=l(t,e.data_bg_multi),i=l(t,e.data_bg_multi_hidpi);(a=at&&i?i:a)&&(t.style.backgroundImage=a,n=n,_(t=t,(e=e).class_applied),s(t,ft),n&&(e.unobserve_completed&&b(t,e),f(e.callback_applied,t,n)))}function N(t,e){!e||0<e.loadingCount||0<e.toLoadCount||f(t.callback_finish,e)}function C(t,e,n){t.addEventListener(e,n),t.llEvLisnrs[e]=n}function M(t){return!!t.llEvLisnrs}function z(t){if(M(t)){var e,n,a=t.llEvLisnrs;for(e in a){var i=a[e];n=e,i=i,t.removeEventListener(n,i)}delete t.llEvLisnrs}}function R(t,e,n){var a;delete t.llTempImage,p(n,-1),(a=n)&&--a.toLoadCount,v(t,e.class_loading),e.unobserve_completed&&b(t,n)}function T(o,r,c){var l=g(o)||o;M(l)||function(t,e,n){M(t)||(t.llEvLisnrs={});var a="VIDEO"===t.tagName?"loadeddata":"load";C(t,a,e),C(t,"error",n)}(l,function(t){var e,n,a,i;n=r,a=c,i=d(e=o),R(e,n,a),_(e,n.class_loaded),s(e,dt),f(n.callback_loaded,e,a),i||N(n,a),z(l)},function(t){var e,n,a,i;n=r,a=c,i=d(e=o),R(e,n,a),_(e,n.class_error),s(e,_t),f(n.callback_error,e,a),i||N(n,a),z(l)})}function G(t,e,n){var a,i,o,r,c;t.llTempImage=document.createElement("IMG"),T(t,e,n),E(c=t)||(c[st]={backgroundImage:c.style.backgroundImage}),o=n,r=l(a=t,(i=e).data_bg),c=l(a,i.data_bg_hidpi),(r=at&&c?c:r)&&(a.style.backgroundImage='url("'.concat(r,'")'),g(a).setAttribute(ot,r),L(a,i,o)),O(t,e,n)}function D(t,e,n){var a;T(t,e,n),a=e,e=n,(t=It[(n=t).tagName])&&(t(n,a),L(n,a,e))}function V(t,e,n){var a;a=t,(-1<yt.indexOf(a.tagName)?D:G)(t,e,n)}function F(t,e,n){var a;t.setAttribute("loading","lazy"),T(t,e,n),a=e,(e=It[(n=t).tagName])&&e(n,a),s(t,vt)}function j(t){t.removeAttribute(ot),t.removeAttribute(rt),t.removeAttribute(ct)}function P(t){m(t,function(t){k(t,Et)}),k(t,Et)}function S(t){var e;(e=At[t.tagName])?e(t):E(e=t)&&(t=I(e),e.style.backgroundImage=t.backgroundImage)}function U(t,e){var n;S(t),n=e,u(e=t)||d(e)||(v(e,n.class_entered),v(e,n.class_exited),v(e,n.class_applied),v(e,n.class_loading),v(e,n.class_loaded),v(e,n.class_error)),r(t),y(t)}function $(t,e,n,a){var i;n.cancel_on_exit&&(c(t)!==ut||"IMG"===t.tagName&&(z(t),m(i=t,function(t){j(t)}),j(i),P(t),v(t,n.class_loading),p(a,-1),r(t),f(n.callback_cancel,t,e,a)))}function q(t,e,n,a){var i,o,r=(o=t,0<=pt.indexOf(c(o)));s(t,"entered"),_(t,n.class_entered),v(t,n.class_exited),i=t,o=a,n.unobserve_entered&&b(i,o),f(n.callback_enter,t,e,a),r||V(t,n,a)}function H(t){return t.use_native&&"loading"in HTMLImageElement.prototype}function B(t,i,o){t.forEach(function(t){return(a=t).isIntersecting||0<a.intersectionRatio?q(t.target,t,i,o):(e=t.target,n=t,a=i,t=o,void(u(e)||(_(e,a.class_exited),$(e,n,a,t),f(a.callback_exit,e,n,t))));var e,n,a})}function J(e,n){var t;et&&!H(e)&&(n._observer=new IntersectionObserver(function(t){B(t,e,n)},{root:(t=e).container===document?null:t.container,rootMargin:t.thresholds||t.threshold+"px"}))}function K(t){return Array.prototype.slice.call(t)}function Q(t){return t.container.querySelectorAll(t.elements_selector)}function W(t){return c(t)===_t}function X(t,e){return e=t||Q(e),K(e).filter(u)}function Y(e,t){var n;(n=Q(e),K(n).filter(W)).forEach(function(t){v(t,e.class_error),r(t)}),t.update()}function t(t,e){var n,a,t=i(t);this._settings=t,this.loadingCount=0,J(t,this),n=t,a=this,Z&&window.addEventListener("online",function(){Y(n,a)}),this.update(e)}var Z="undefined"!=typeof window,tt=Z&&!("onscroll"in window)||"undefined"!=typeof navigator&&/(gle|ing|ro)bot|crawl|spider/i.test(navigator.userAgent),et=Z&&"IntersectionObserver"in window,nt=Z&&"classList"in document.createElement("p"),at=Z&&1<window.devicePixelRatio,it={elements_selector:".lazy",container:tt||Z?document:null,threshold:300,thresholds:null,data_src:"src",data_srcset:"srcset",data_sizes:"sizes",data_bg:"bg",data_bg_hidpi:"bg-hidpi",data_bg_multi:"bg-multi",data_bg_multi_hidpi:"bg-multi-hidpi",data_poster:"poster",class_applied:"applied",class_loading:"litespeed-loading",class_loaded:"litespeed-loaded",class_error:"error",class_entered:"entered",class_exited:"exited",unobserve_completed:!0,unobserve_entered:!1,cancel_on_exit:!0,callback_enter:null,callback_exit:null,callback_applied:null,callback_loading:null,callback_loaded:null,callback_error:null,callback_finish:null,callback_cancel:null,use_native:!1},ot="src",rt="srcset",ct="sizes",lt="poster",st="llOriginalAttrs",ut="loading",dt="loaded",ft="applied",_t="error",vt="native",gt="data-",bt="ll-status",pt=[ut,dt,ft,_t],ht=[ot],mt=[ot,lt],Et=[ot,rt,ct],It={IMG:function(t,e){m(t,function(t){A(t,Et),x(t,e)}),A(t,Et),x(t,e)},IFRAME:function(t,e){A(t,ht),w(t,ot,l(t,e.data_src))},VIDEO:function(t,e){a(t,function(t){A(t,ht),w(t,ot,l(t,e.data_src))}),A(t,mt),w(t,lt,l(t,e.data_poster)),w(t,ot,l(t,e.data_src)),t.load()}},yt=["IMG","IFRAME","VIDEO"],At={IMG:P,IFRAME:function(t){k(t,ht)},VIDEO:function(t){a(t,function(t){k(t,ht)}),k(t,mt),t.load()}},kt=["IMG","IFRAME","VIDEO"];return t.prototype={update:function(t){var e,n,a,i=this._settings,o=X(t,i);{if(h(this,o.length),!tt&&et)return H(i)?(e=i,n=this,o.forEach(function(t){-1!==kt.indexOf(t.tagName)&&F(t,e,n)}),void h(n,0)):(t=this._observer,i=o,t.disconnect(),a=t,void i.forEach(function(t){a.observe(t)}));this.loadAll(o)}},destroy:function(){this._observer&&this._observer.disconnect(),Q(this._settings).forEach(function(t){y(t)}),delete this._observer,delete this._settings,delete this.loadingCount,delete this.toLoadCount},loadAll:function(t){var e=this,n=this._settings;X(t,n).forEach(function(t){b(t,e),V(t,n,e)})},restoreAll:function(){var e=this._settings;Q(e).forEach(function(t){U(t,e)})}},t.load=function(t,e){e=i(e);V(t,e)},t.resetStatus=function(t){r(t)},Z&&function(t,e){if(e)if(e.length)for(var n,a=0;n=e[a];a+=1)o(t,n);else o(t,e)}(t,window.lazyLoadOptions),t});!function(e,t){"use strict";function a(){t.body.classList.add("litespeed_lazyloaded")}function n(){console.log("[LiteSpeed] Start Lazy Load Images"),d=new LazyLoad({elements_selector:"[data-lazyloaded]",callback_finish:a}),o=function(){d.update()},e.MutationObserver&&new MutationObserver(o).observe(t.documentElement,{childList:!0,subtree:!0,attributes:!0})}var d,o;e.addEventListener?e.addEventListener("load",n,!1):e.attachEvent("onload",n)}(window,document);</script><script data-no-optimize="1">var litespeed_vary=document.cookie.replace(/(?:(?:^|.*;\s*)_lscache_vary\s*\=\s*([^;]*).*$)|^.*$/,"");litespeed_vary||fetch("/wp-content/plugins/litespeed-cache/guest.vary.php",{method:"POST",cache:"no-cache",redirect:"follow"}).then(e=>e.json()).then(e=>{console.log(e),e.hasOwnProperty("reload")&&"yes"==e.reload&&(sessionStorage.setItem("litespeed_docref",document.referrer),window.location.reload(!0))});</script></body></html>