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class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Anglo-Saxons</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Anglo-Saxons-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Domesday_Book" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Domesday_Book"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Domesday Book</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Domesday_Book-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Civil_War" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Civil_War"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Civil War</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Civil_War-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Industrial_Revolution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Industrial_Revolution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>Industrial Revolution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Industrial_Revolution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Irish_connections" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Irish_connections"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.8</span> <span>Irish connections</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Irish_connections-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-20th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#20th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.9</span> <span>20th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-20th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Governance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Governance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Governance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Governance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Landmarks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Landmarks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Landmarks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Landmarks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Sport</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Sport-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Sport subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Sport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Rugby_league_football" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rugby_league_football"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Rugby league football</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rugby_league_football-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Association_football" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Association_football"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Association football</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Association_football-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Other sports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Transport</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transport-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Transport subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Road" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Road"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Road</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Road-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rail" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rail"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>Rail</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rail-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bus_and_tram" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bus_and_tram"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.3</span> <span>Bus and tram</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bus_and_tram-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Wigan: Difference between revisions</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 53 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-53" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">53 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wigan" title="Wigan – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Wigan" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="ويغان – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ويغان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%96%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Уіган – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Уіган" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%8A%D0%BD" title="Уигън – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Уигън" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wigan" title="Wigan – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Wigan" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wigan" title="Wigan – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Wigan" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wigan_(kapital_sa_kondado_sa_Hiniusang_Gingharian)" title="Wigan (kapital sa kondado sa Hiniusang Gingharian) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Wigan (kapital sa kondado sa Hiniusang Gingharian)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wigan" title="Wigan – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Wigan" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wigan" title="Wigan – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Wigan" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wigan" title="Wigan – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Wigan" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wigan" title="Wigan – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wigan" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wigan" title="Wigan – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Wigan" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%AF%CE%B3%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%BD" title="Γουίγκαν – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γουίγκαν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wigan" title="Wigan – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Wigan" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wigan" title="Wigan – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Wigan" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wigan" title="Wigan – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Wigan" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86" title="ویگان – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ویگان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wigan" title="Wigan – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Wigan" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wigan" title="Wigan – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Wigan" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wigan" title="Wigan – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Wigan" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%84%EA%B1%B4" title="위건 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="위건" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wigan" title="Wigan – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Wigan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wigan" title="Wigan – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Wigan" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wigan" title="Wigan – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Wigan" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wigan" title="Wigan – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Wigan" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%99%D7%92%D7%90%D7%9F_(%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%92%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%94)" title="ויגאן (אנגליה) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ויגאן (אנגליה)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wigan" title="Wigan – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Wigan" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vigana_(Anglija)" title="Vigana (Anglija) – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Vigana (Anglija)" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viganas" title="Viganas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Viganas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/la_uigyn" title="la uigyn – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="la uigyn" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wigan" title="Wigan – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Wigan" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86" title="ويجان – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ويجان" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wigan_(Engeland)" title="Wigan (Engeland) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Wigan (Engeland)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A3%E3%82%AC%E3%83%B3" title="ウィガン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ウィガン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wigan" title="Wigan – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Wigan" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wigan" title="Wigan – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Wigan" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wigan" title="Wigan – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wigan" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wigan" title="Wigan – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Wigan" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wigan" title="Wigan – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Wigan" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Уиган – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Уиган" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wigan" title="Wigan – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Wigan" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wigan" title="Wigan – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Wigan" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wigan" title="Wigan – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Wigan" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Виган – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Виган" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wigan" title="Wigan – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Wigan" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wigan" title="Wigan – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Wigan" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wigan" title="Wigan – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Wigan" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Виган – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Виган" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wigan" title="Wigan – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Wigan" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Віган – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Віган" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wigan" title="Wigan – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Wigan" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link 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id="mw-diff-ntitle1"><strong><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wigan&oldid=1260413995" title="Wigan">Revision as of 16:58, 30 November 2024</a> <span class="mw-diff-edit"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wigan&action=edit&oldid=1260413995" title="Wigan">edit</a></span><span class="mw-diff-timestamp" data-timestamp="2024-11-30T16:58:01Z"></span> <span class="mw-diff-undo"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wigan&action=edit&undoafter=1260413186&undo=1260413995" title=""Undo" reverts this edit and opens the edit form in preview mode. It allows adding a reason in the summary.">undo</a></span></strong></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle2"><a href="/wiki/Special:Contributions/2A02:C7C:6D4B:8800:9504:E15E:A500:80D1" class="mw-userlink mw-anonuserlink" title="Special:Contributions/2A02:C7C:6D4B:8800:9504:E15E:A500:80D1" data-mw-revid="1260413995"><bdi>2a02:c7c:6d4b:8800:9504:e15e:a500:80d1</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks">(<a href="/wiki/User_talk:2A02:C7C:6D4B:8800:9504:E15E:A500:80D1" class="mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="User talk:2A02:C7C:6D4B:8800:9504:E15E:A500:80D1">talk</a>)</span><div class="mw-diff-usermetadata"></div></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle3"><span class="comment mw-comment-none">No edit summary</span></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle5"><span class="mw-tag-markers"><a href="/wiki/Special:Tags" title="Special:Tags">Tags</a>: <span class="mw-tag-marker mw-tag-marker-mw-reverted">Reverted</span> <span class="mw-tag-marker mw-tag-marker-mobile_edit">Mobile edit</span> <span class="mw-tag-marker mw-tag-marker-mobile_web_edit">Mobile web edit</span></span></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle4"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wigan&diff=next&oldid=1260413995" title="Wigan" id="differences-nextlink">Next edit →</a></div></td> </tr><tr> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 109:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 109:</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>{{Areas of Wigan}}</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>{{Areas of Wigan}}</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-deleted"></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>Wigan is 98 percent white this is below Manchester average of 56 percent.</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>== Demographics ==</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>{{Update|section||date=October 2024}}</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>{{further|Demographics of Greater Manchester}}</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>{| class="wikitable" style="float: right; margin-left: 2em; width: 40%; font-size: 90%;" cellspacing="3"</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>|-</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>!colspan="4"|Wigan Compared</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>|-</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>|'''2001 UK census'''||'''Wigan'''<ref>{{Citation |title=Census 2001 Key Statistics&nbsp;– Urban area results by population size of urban area |date=22 July 2004 |url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/publications/re-reference-tables.html?edition=tcm%3A77-211152 |work=ons.gov.uk |access-date=20 November 2008 |at=[http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/census-2001-key-statistics/urban-area-results-by-population-size-of-urban-area/urban-area-results-by-population-size-of-urban-area-ks06--ethnic-group.xls KS06 Ethnic group] {{XLSlink}} |publisher=Office for National Statistics}}</ref>||'''[[Metropolitan Borough of Wigan|Wigan (borough)]]'''<ref>{{Citation |title=Wigan Metropolitan Borough ethnic group |url=http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=7&b=276785&c=Wigan&d=13&e=16&g=356907&i=1001x1003x1004&o=1&m=0&r=1&s=1227146867359&enc=1&dsFamilyId=87 |access-date=20 November 2008 |publisher=Statistics.gov.uk}}</ref></div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>||'''England'''</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>|-</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>|Total population||81,203||301,415||49,138,831</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>|-</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>|White||98.8%||98.7%||90.9%</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>|-</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>|Asian||0.4%||0.4%||4.6%</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>|-</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>|Black||0.1%||0.2%||2.3%</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>|}</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>According to the [[Office for National Statistics]], at the time of the [[2001 United Kingdom census]], Wigan had a population of 81,203. The 2001 population density was {{convert|11474|PD/sqmi|0}}, with a 100 to 95.7 female-to-male ratio.<ref>{{Citation |title=Census 2001 Key Statistics&nbsp;– Urban area results by population size of urban area |date=22 July 2004 |url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/publications/re-reference-tables.html?edition=tcm%3A77-211152 |work=ons.gov.uk |access-date=20 November 2008 |at=[http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/census-2001-key-statistics/urban-area-results-by-population-size-of-urban-area/urban-area-results-by-population-size-of-urban-area-ks01-usual-resident-population.xls KS01 Usual resident population] {{XLSlink}} |publisher=Office for National Statistics}}</ref> Of those over 16 years old, 28.9% were single (never married) and 45.0% married.<ref>{{Citation |title=Census 2001 Key Statistics&nbsp;– Urban area results by population size of urban area |date=22 July 2004 |url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/publications/re-reference-tables.html?edition=tcm%3A77-211152 |work=ons.gov.uk |access-date=20 November 2008 |at=[http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/census-2001-key-statistics/urban-area-results-by-population-size-of-urban-area/urban-area-results-by-population-size-of-urban-area-ks04--marital-status.xls KS04 Marital status] {{XLSlink}} |publisher=Office for National Statistics}}</ref> Wigan's 34,069 households included 29.7% one-person, 38.9% married couples living together, 8.5% were [[cohabitation|co-habiting]] couples, and 10.8% single parents with their children.<ref>{{Citation |title=Census 2001 Key Statistics&nbsp;– Urban area results by population size of urban area |date=22 July 2004 |url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/publications/re-reference-tables.html?edition=tcm%3A77-211152 |work=ons.gov.uk |access-date=20 November 2008 |at=[http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/census-2001-key-statistics/urban-area-results-by-population-size-of-urban-area/urban-area-results-by-population-size-of-urban-area-ks20--household-composition.xls KS20 Household composition] {{XLSlink}} |publisher=Office for National Statistics}}</ref> Of those aged 16–74, 38.5% had no [[National qualifications frameworks in the United Kingdom|academic qualifications]],<ref>{{Citation |title=Census 2001 Key Statistics&nbsp;– Urban area results by population size of urban area |date=22 July 2004 |url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/publications/re-reference-tables.html?edition=tcm%3A77-211152 |work=ons.gov.uk |access-date=5 August 2008 |at=[http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/census-2001-key-statistics/urban-area-results-by-population-size-of-urban-area/urban-area-results-by-population-size-of-urban-area-ks13--qualifications-and-students.xls KS13 Qualifications and students] {{XLSlink}} |publisher=Office for National Statistics}}</ref> a figure significantly higher than the average for the borough as a whole and England.<ref>{{Citation |title=Wigan Metropolitan Borough key figures |url=http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadKeyFigures.do?a=7&b=276785&c=Wigan&d=13&e=16&g=356907&i=1001x1003x1004&o=1&m=0&r=1&s=1227147833078&enc=1 |access-date=20 November 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081125064225/http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadKeyFigures.do?a=7&b=276785&c=Wigan&d=13&e=16&g=356907&i=1001x1003x1004&o=1&m=0&r=1&s=1227147833078&enc=1 |url-status=dead |publisher=Statistics.gov.uk |archive-date=25 November 2008}}</ref></div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>In 1931, 9.4% of Wigan's population was middle class compared with 14% in England and Wales, and by 1971, this had increased to 12.4% compared with 24% nationally. Parallel to this slight increase in the middle classes of Wigan was the decline of the working class population. In 1931, 38.7% were working class compared with 36% in England and Wales; by 1971, this had decreased to 33.5% in Wigan and 26% nationwide. The rest of the population was made up of clerical workers and skilled manual workers or other miscellaneous. The slow decrease in the working class goes against the trend for a steeper national decline, reinforcing the perception of Wigan as a working-class town.<ref>{{Citation |title=Wigan social class |url=http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/data_cube_table_page.jsp?data_theme=T_SOC&data_cube=N_RGSOC_G&u_id=10109206&c_id=10001043&add=Y |access-date=8 December 2008 |publisher=Vision of Britain}}</ref></div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>At the 2001 UK census, 87.7% of Wigan's residents reported themselves as being Christian, 0.3% Muslim, 0.2% Hindu, and 0.1% Buddhist. The census recorded 6.2% as having no religion, 0.1% had an alternative religion and 5.4% did not state their religion.<ref>{{Citation |title=Census 2001 Key Statistics&nbsp;– Urban area results by population size of urban area |date=22 July 2004 |url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/publications/re-reference-tables.html?edition=tcm%3A77-211152 |work=ons.gov.uk |access-date=5 August 2008 |at=[http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/census-2001-key-statistics/urban-area-results-by-population-size-of-urban-area/urban-area-results-by-population-size-of-urban-area-ks07--religion.xls KS07 Religion] {{XLSlink}} |publisher=Office for National Statistics}}</ref> The town is part of the [[Anglican]] [[Anglican Diocese of Liverpool|Diocese of Liverpool]] and the Roman Catholic [[Archdiocese of Liverpool]].<ref>{{Citation |title=The Diocese of Liverpool about us |url=http://www.liverpool.anglican.org/index.php?p=38 |access-date=25 April 2009 |publisher=Liverpool.anglican.org}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |title=The Archdiocese of Liverpool parishes |url=http://www.archdiocese-of-liverpool.co.uk/parishes/index.htm |access-date=25 April 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090429090823/http://www.archdiocese-of-liverpool.co.uk/parishes/index.htm |url-status=dead |publisher=Liverpool.anglican.org |archive-date=29 April 2009}}</ref></div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>{| class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%; width:70%; border:0; text-align:center; line-height:120%;"</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>! colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:90%;"|[[Population growth]] in Wigan since 1901</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>|-</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>! style="background:#9cc; color:navy; height:17px;"| Year</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>! style="background:#fff; color:navy;"| 1901</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>! style="background:#fff; color:navy;"| 1911</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>! style="background:#fff; color:navy;"| 1921</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>! style="background:#fff; color:navy;"| 1931</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>! style="background:#fff; color:navy;"| 1939</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>! style="background:#fff; color:navy;"| 1951</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>! style="background:#fff; color:navy;"| 1961</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>! style="background:#fff; color:navy;"| 1971</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>! style="background:#fff; color:navy;"| 1981</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>! style="background:#fff; color:navy;"| 1991</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>! style="background:#fff; color:navy;"| 2001</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>! style="background:#fff; color:navy;"| 2011</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>! style="background:#fff; color:navy;"| 2019</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>|- style="text-align:center;"</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>! style="background:#9cc; color:navy; height:17px;"| Population</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>| style="background:#fff; color:black;"| 82,428</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>| style="background:#fff; color:black;"| 89,152</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>| style="background:#fff; color:black;"| 89,421</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>| style="background:#fff; color:black;"| 85,357</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>| style="background:#fff; color:black;"| 81,662</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>| style="background:#fff; color:black;"| 84,560</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>| style="background:#fff; color:black;"| 78,690</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>| style="background:#fff; color:black;"| 81,152</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>| style="background:#fff; color:black;"| 88,901</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>| style="background:#fff; color:black;"| 85,819</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>| style="background:#fff; color:black;"| 98,438</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>| style="background:#fff; color:black;"| 103,363</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>| style="background:#fff; color:black;"| 107,732</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>|-</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>| colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:90%;"|<small>County Borough 1901–1971<ref>{{Citation |title=Wigan County Borough |url=http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/data_cube_page.jsp?data_theme=T_POP&data_cube=N_TOT_POP&u_id=10109206&c_id=10001043&add=N |access-date=24 July 2008 |publisher=Vision of Britain}}</ref> {{•}} Urban Subdivision 1981–1991<ref>{{Citation |title=1981 Key Statistics for Urban Areas GB Table 1 |year=1981 |publisher=Office for National Statistics}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |title=1991 Key Statistics for Urban Areas |year=1991 |publisher=Office for National Statistics}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |title=Census 2001 Key Statistics&nbsp;– Urban area results by population size of urban area |date=22 July 2004 |url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/publications/re-reference-tables.html?edition=tcm%3A77-211152 |work=ons.gov.uk |access-date=24 July 2008 |at=[http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/census-2001-key-statistics/urban-area-results-by-population-size-of-urban-area/urban-area-results-by-population-size-of-urban-area-ks01-usual-resident-population.xls KS01 Usual resident population] {{XLSlink}} |publisher=Office for National Statistics}}</ref></small> <small>Understanding towns in England and Wales: population and demography 2001-2019<ref name="auto"/></small></div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>|}</div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-empty diff-side-added"></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>== Economy ==</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>== Economy ==</div></td> </tr>  </table><hr class='diff-hr' id='mw-oldid' /> <h2 class='diff-currentversion-title'>Revision as of 16:58, 30 November 2024</h2> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Town in Greater Manchester, England</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the larger local government district, see <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Borough_of_Wigan" title="Metropolitan Borough of Wigan">Metropolitan Borough of Wigan</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Wigan_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Wigan (disambiguation)">Wigan (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Vigan" title="Vigan">Vigan</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Town in England</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen 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.ib-uk-place .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}</style><table class="infobox ib-uk-place vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org nowrap">Wigan</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><span class="category">Town</span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wigan_centrum_-_panoramio_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Wigan_centrum_-_panoramio_%28cropped%29.jpg/240px-Wigan_centrum_-_panoramio_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Wigan_centrum_-_panoramio_%28cropped%29.jpg/360px-Wigan_centrum_-_panoramio_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Wigan_centrum_-_panoramio_%28cropped%29.jpg/480px-Wigan_centrum_-_panoramio_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4059" data-file-height="2706" /></a></span><div>Market Place, Wigan</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:240px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:240px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:240px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Greater_Manchester_UK_location_map_2.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wigan is located in Greater Manchester"><img alt="Wigan is located in Greater Manchester" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Greater_Manchester_UK_location_map_2.svg/240px-Greater_Manchester_UK_location_map_2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Greater_Manchester_UK_location_map_2.svg/360px-Greater_Manchester_UK_location_map_2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Greater_Manchester_UK_location_map_2.svg/480px-Greater_Manchester_UK_location_map_2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1425" data-file-height="993" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:40.842%;left:18.689%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Wigan"><img alt="Wigan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Wigan</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location within <a href="/wiki/Greater_Manchester" title="Greater Manchester">Greater Manchester</a></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Population</th><td class="infobox-data">107,732 (<a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom_Census_2011" class="mw-redirect" title="United Kingdom Census 2011">2011 Census</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Ordnance_Survey_National_Grid" title="Ordnance Survey National Grid">OS grid reference</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bing.com/maps/?mkt=en-gb&v=2&cp=53.544473~-2.630765&lvl=13&sp=Point.53.544473_-2.630765_Wigan&sty=s&style=s">SD583055</a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">• <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a></th><td class="infobox-data">176 miles (283 km) <a href="/wiki/Boxing_the_compass" class="mw-redirect" title="Boxing the compass">SE</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_England" title="Districts of England">Metropolitan borough</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Borough_of_Wigan" title="Metropolitan Borough of Wigan">Wigan</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_and_non-metropolitan_counties_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties of England">Metropolitan county</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Manchester" title="Greater Manchester">Greater Manchester</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_England" title="Regions of England">Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_West_England" title="North West England">North West</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow adr"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Countries_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Countries of the United Kingdom">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="country-name"><a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign state</a></th><td class="infobox-data">United Kingdom</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Post_town" title="Post town">Post town</a></th><td class="infobox-data">WIGAN</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Postcodes_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Postcodes in the United Kingdom">Postcode district</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/WN_postcode_area" title="WN postcode area">WN1-WN3, WN5, WN6</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Telephone numbers in the United Kingdom">Dialling code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">01942</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_law_enforcement_agencies_in_the_United_Kingdom,_Crown_Dependencies_and_British_Overseas_Territories" title="List of law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom, Crown Dependencies and British Overseas Territories">Police</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Greater_Manchester_Police" title="Greater Manchester Police">Greater Manchester</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Fire_services_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Fire services in the United Kingdom">Fire</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Greater_Manchester_Fire_and_Rescue_Service" title="Greater Manchester Fire and Rescue Service">Greater Manchester</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Emergency_medical_services_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Emergency medical services in the United Kingdom">Ambulance</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/North_West_Ambulance_Service" title="North West Ambulance Service">North West</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Constituencies_of_the_Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Constituencies of the Parliament of the United Kingdom">UK Parliament</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wigan_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Wigan (UK Parliament constituency)">Wigan</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below noprint nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"> <dl><dt><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">List of places</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Kingdom_locations" title="List of United Kingdom locations">UK</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_in_England" title="List of places in England">England</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_in_Greater_Manchester" title="List of places in Greater Manchester">Greater Manchester</a></dd></dl></div> <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Wigan&params=53.5448_N_2.6318_W_region:GB_type:city(107732)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">53°32′41″N</span> <span class="longitude">2°37′54″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">53.5448°N 2.6318°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">53.5448; -2.6318</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Wigan</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'w' in 'wind'">w</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="/ɡ/: 'g' in 'guy'">ɡ</span><span title="/ən/: 'on' in 'button'">ən</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">WIG</span>-ən</i></a>) is a town in <a href="/wiki/Greater_Manchester" title="Greater Manchester">Greater Manchester</a>, England, on the <a href="/wiki/River_Douglas,_Lancashire" title="River Douglas, Lancashire">River Douglas</a>. The town is midway between the two cities of <a href="/wiki/Manchester" title="Manchester">Manchester</a>, 16 miles (25.7 km) to the south-east, and <a href="/wiki/Liverpool" title="Liverpool">Liverpool</a>, 17 miles (27 km) to the south-west. It is the largest settlement in the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Borough_of_Wigan" title="Metropolitan Borough of Wigan">Metropolitan Borough of Wigan</a> and is its administrative centre. The town has a population of 107,732<sup id="cite_ref-auto_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the wider borough of 330,714.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wigan is part of the <a href="/wiki/Historic_counties_of_England" title="Historic counties of England">historic county</a> of <a href="/wiki/Lancashire" title="Lancashire">Lancashire</a>. </p><p>Wigan was in the territory of the <a href="/wiki/Brigantes" title="Brigantes">Brigantes</a>, an ancient <a href="/wiki/List_of_ancient_Celtic_peoples_and_tribes" title="List of ancient Celtic peoples and tribes">Celtic tribe</a> that ruled much of what is now <a href="/wiki/Northern_England" title="Northern England">Northern England</a>. The Brigantes were subjugated in the <a href="/wiki/Roman_conquest_of_Britain" title="Roman conquest of Britain">Roman conquest of Britain</a> and the Roman settlement of <i>Coccium</i> was established where Wigan lies. Wigan was incorporated as a <a href="/wiki/Borough_status_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Borough status in the United Kingdom">borough</a> in 1246, following the issue of a <a href="/wiki/Charter" title="Charter">charter</a> by <a href="/wiki/Henry_III_of_England" title="Henry III of England">King Henry III of England</a>. At the end of the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a>, it was one of four boroughs in Lancashire established by <a href="/wiki/Royal_charter" title="Royal charter">royal charter</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Industrial_Revolution" title="Industrial Revolution">Industrial Revolution</a> saw a dramatic economic expansion and rapid rise in population. Wigan became a major <a href="/wiki/Mill_town" title="Mill town">mill town</a> and coal mining district; at its peak, there were 1,000 pit shafts within 5 miles (8 km) of the town centre.<sup id="cite_ref-Evo_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Evo-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Coal mining ceased in the later 20th century. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Wigan_Pier" title="Wigan Pier">Wigan Pier</a>, a wharf on the <a href="/wiki/Leeds_and_Liverpool_Canal" title="Leeds and Liverpool Canal">Leeds and Liverpool Canal</a>, was made famous by the writer <a href="/wiki/George_Orwell" title="George Orwell">George Orwell</a>. In his book <i><a href="/wiki/The_Road_to_Wigan_Pier" title="The Road to Wigan Pier">The Road to Wigan Pier</a></i> (1937), Orwell highlighted the poor working and living conditions of inhabitants in the 1930s. Following the decline of <a href="/wiki/Heavy_industry" title="Heavy industry">heavy industry</a>, Wigan Pier's warehouses and wharves became a local heritage centre and cultural quarter. The <a href="/wiki/Brick_Community_Stadium" title="Brick Community Stadium">Brick Community Stadium</a> (formerly known as DW Stadium) is home to <a href="/wiki/Wigan_Athletic_F.C." title="Wigan Athletic F.C.">Wigan Athletic Football Club</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wigan_Warriors" title="Wigan Warriors">Wigan Warriors Rugby League Football Club</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Toponymy">Toponymy</h3></div> <p>The name of the town has been recorded variously as <i>Wigan</i> in 1199, <i>Wygayn</i> in 1240, and <i>Wygan</i> in numerous historical documents.<sup id="cite_ref-British_history_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-British_history-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The name <i>Wigan</i> is probably a <a href="/wiki/Celtic_languages" title="Celtic languages">Celtic</a> place-name : it might be a diminutive form of Brittonic <i>*wīg</i> "homestead, settlement" (later Welsh <i>gwig</i>), plus the nominal suffix <i>-an</i> has also been suggested (c.f. numerous places in France named <a href="/wiki/Le_Vigan_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Le Vigan (disambiguation)">Le Vigan</a>); the place name may refer to a Latin <i>viccus</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has also been suggested directly a Celtic personal name <i>Wigan</i>, a name corresponding to <a href="/wiki/Gaulish_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaulish language">Gaulish</a> <i>Vicanus</i>, <a href="/wiki/Old_Welsh" title="Old Welsh">Old Welsh</a> <i>Uuicant</i> or <a href="/wiki/Old_Breton" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Breton">Old Breton</a> <i>Uuicon</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-pnlanc_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pnlanc-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Similar place-names to the English <i>Wigan</i> exist in France, such as <a href="/wiki/Le_Vigan,_Gard" title="Le Vigan, Gard">Le Vigan, Gard</a> (<i>Avicantus</i>, Roman inscription ; <i>Locus de Vicano</i> 1050) of unknown origin<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Le_Vigan,_Lot" title="Le Vigan, Lot">Le Vigan, Lot</a>, from Latin <i>vicanum</i>, derived form of <i>vicus</i> "town" + suffix <i>-anum</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the hamlets in <a href="/wiki/Normandy" title="Normandy">Normandy</a> such as (Le) Vigan (<a href="/wiki/L%27Oudon" title="L'Oudon">L'Oudon</a>, Calvados) and Manoir du Vigan that derive from a Celtic given-name <i>*Wigan</i>, found as <i>feodum Wigani</i> in the 12th century or <i>turres Wiguen</i> at <a href="/wiki/Thaon" title="Thaon">Thaon</a> (Calvados) and survives in the Norman surname <i>Vigan</i> (still in use in Calvados).<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Brigantes">Brigantes</h3></div> <p>There is very little evidence of prehistoric activity in the area, especially pre-Iron Age;<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> however, Celtic names in the area around Wigan—such as <a href="/wiki/Bryn,_Greater_Manchester" title="Bryn, Greater Manchester">Bryn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Makerfield" title="Makerfield">Makerfield</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ince-in-Makerfield" title="Ince-in-Makerfield">Ince</a>—indicate that the Celtic people of Britain were active in the area in the <a href="/wiki/Iron_Age" title="Iron Age">Iron Age</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-wiganhissocceltic_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wiganhissocceltic-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Romans">Romans</h3></div> <p>In the 1st century, the area was <a href="/wiki/Roman_conquest_of_Britain" title="Roman conquest of Britain">conquered by the Romans</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-wiganhissocceltic_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wiganhissocceltic-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The late 2nd-century <a href="/wiki/Antonine_Itinerary" title="Antonine Itinerary">Antonine Itinerary</a> mentions a Roman settlement called <i>Coccium</i> 17 miles (27 km) from the <a href="/wiki/Castra" title="Castra">Roman fort</a> at Manchester (<a href="/wiki/Mamucium" title="Mamucium">Mamucium</a>) and 20 miles (32 km) from the fort at <a href="/wiki/Ribchester" title="Ribchester">Ribchester</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bremetennacum" title="Bremetennacum">Bremetennacum</a>). Although the distances are slightly out, it has been assumed that Coccium is Roman Wigan.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Possible derivations of Coccium include from the Latin <i>coccum</i>, meaning "scarlet in colour, scarlet cloth", or from <i>cocus</i>, meaning "cook".<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Over the years chance finds (coins and pottery) provided clear indications that a Roman settlement existed at Wigan, although its size and status remained unknown.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2005 investigations ahead of the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Arcade_(Wigan)" title="Grand Arcade (Wigan)">Grand Arcade development</a>, and in 2008 at the Joint Service Centre development, have proven that Wigan was a significant Roman site in the late first and second centuries AD.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The excavated remains of ditches at Ship Yard off Millgate were consistent with use by the Roman military and possibly formed part of the defences for a fort or a temporary camp. More remains were excavated to the south, in the area of McEwen's Yard (opposite the baths), where foundations of a large and important building were discovered, together with many other Roman features. The building is 36 by 18 metres (118 by 59 ft) in size with stone walls and a tiled roof. It contained around nine or ten rooms including three with <a href="/wiki/Hypocaust" title="Hypocaust">hypocausts</a>. It had a colonnaded <a href="/wiki/Portico" title="Portico">portico</a> on the northern side, which presumably formed the main entrance. The structure's ground-plan and the presence of the hypocausts show it may have been a <a href="/wiki/Bath-house" class="mw-redirect" title="Bath-house">bath-house</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A timber building excavated at the Joint Service Centre (top of the Wiend) has been interpreted as a barrack block. This suggests a <a href="/wiki/Roman_fort" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman fort">Roman fort</a> occupied the crest of the hill, taking advantage of the strategic position overlooking the River Douglas.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The evidence gained from these excavations shows that Wigan was an important Roman settlement, and was almost certainly the place referred to as Coccium in the Antonine Itinerary.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Anglo-Saxons">Anglo-Saxons</h3></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Saxon" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglo-Saxon">Anglo-Saxon</a> period, the area was probably under the control of the <a href="/wiki/Northumbria" title="Northumbria">Northumbrians</a> and later the <a href="/wiki/Mercia" title="Mercia">Mercians</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-medwigan_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-medwigan-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the early 10th century there was an influx of Scandinavians expelled from Ireland. This can be seen in place names such as <a href="/wiki/Scholes,_Greater_Manchester" title="Scholes, Greater Manchester">Scholes</a>—now a part of Wigan—which derives from the Scandinavian <i>skali</i> meaning "hut". Further evidence comes from some street names in Wigan which have Scandinavian origins.<sup id="cite_ref-medwigan_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-medwigan-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:All_Saints_Church_Wigan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/All_Saints_Church_Wigan.jpg/220px-All_Saints_Church_Wigan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="202" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/All_Saints_Church_Wigan.jpg/330px-All_Saints_Church_Wigan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/All_Saints_Church_Wigan.jpg/440px-All_Saints_Church_Wigan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4927" data-file-height="4516" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/All_Saints%27_Church,_Wigan" title="All Saints' Church, Wigan">All Saints' Church</a> was substantially rebuilt between 1845 and 1850.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Domesday_Book">Domesday Book</h3></div> <p>Wigan is not mentioned in the <a href="/wiki/Domesday_Book" title="Domesday Book">Domesday Book</a>, possibly because it was included in the Neweton barony (now <a href="/wiki/Newton-le-Willows" title="Newton-le-Willows">Newton-le-Willows</a>). It is likely that the mention of the unnamed church in the <a href="/wiki/Manorialism" title="Manorialism">manor</a> of Neweton is <a href="/wiki/Wigan_Parish_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Wigan Parish Church">Wigan Parish Church</a> and not the church of St.Oswald (Winwick) which is specifically named in the <a href="/wiki/Domesday_Book" title="Domesday Book">Domesday Book</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-medwigan_22-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-medwigan-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The rectors of the parish church were <a href="/wiki/Lord_of_the_manor" title="Lord of the manor">lords of the manor</a> of Wigan, a <a href="/wiki/Subinfeudation" title="Subinfeudation">sub-manor</a> of Neweton, until the 19th century. Wigan was incorporated as a borough in 1246 following the issue of a <a href="/wiki/Charter" title="Charter">charter</a> by <a href="/wiki/Henry_III_of_England" title="Henry III of England">King Henry III</a> to <a href="/wiki/John_Maunsell" title="John Maunsell">John Maunsell</a>, the local church rector and lord of the manor.<sup id="cite_ref-medwigan_22-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-medwigan-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The borough was later granted another charter in 1257–1258, allowing the lord of the manor to hold a market every Monday and two annual fairs.<sup id="cite_ref-British_history_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-British_history-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The town is recorded on the earliest-surviving map of Britain, the <a href="/wiki/Gough_Map" title="Gough Map">Gough Map</a> made around 1360, which highlights its position on the main western north–south highway with distance markers to <a href="/wiki/Preston,_Lancashire" title="Preston, Lancashire">Preston</a> and <a href="/wiki/Warrington" title="Warrington">Warrington</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Edward_II_of_England" title="Edward II of England">Edward II</a> visited Wigan in 1323 in an effort to stabilise the region which had been the source of the <a href="/wiki/Banastre_Rebellion" title="Banastre Rebellion">Banastre Rebellion</a> in 1315. Edward stayed in nearby <a href="/wiki/Upholland" class="mw-redirect" title="Upholland">Upholland</a> Priory and held court in the town over a period of several days.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the medieval period Wigan expanded and prospered and in 1536, <a href="/wiki/Antiquarian" title="Antiquarian">antiquarian</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Leland_(antiquary)" title="John Leland (antiquary)">John Leland</a> described the town, saying "Wigan paved; as big as <a href="/wiki/Warrington" title="Warrington">Warrington</a> and better builded. There is one parish church amid the town. Some merchants, some artificers, some farmers".<sup id="cite_ref-British_history_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-British_history-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Civil_War">Civil War</h3></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/English_Civil_War" title="English Civil War">English Civil War</a>, most people in the town were <a href="/wiki/Cavalier" title="Cavalier">Royalists</a> and <a href="/wiki/James_Stanley,_7th_Earl_of_Derby" title="James Stanley, 7th Earl of Derby">James Stanley, 7th Earl of Derby</a>, a prominent and influential Royalist in the civil war, made Wigan his headquarters. His forces successfully captured Preston but failed in assaults on Manchester and Lancaster and two attempts to capture Bolton. Abandoning attempts to secure Lancashire, he took his forces to the Isle of Man to secure his holdings there. The Earl of Derby was absent when Wigan fell,<sup id="cite_ref-British_history_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-British_history-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> despite fortifications built around the town, Wigan was captured by <a href="/wiki/Roundhead" title="Roundhead">Parliamentarian</a> forces on 1 April 1643, the takeover was complete in two hours and the town was pillaged before the defences were broken down and the Parliamentarians retreated. In 1648, Royalist forces under <a href="/wiki/James_Hamilton,_1st_Duke_of_Hamilton" title="James Hamilton, 1st Duke of Hamilton">James Hamilton, 1st Duke of Hamilton</a>, occupied Wigan after they had been defeated by <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Cromwell" title="Oliver Cromwell">Oliver Cromwell</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Preston_(1648)" title="Battle of Preston (1648)">Battle of Preston</a>. The soldiers looted the town as they retreated to Warrington, and afterwards, it experienced pestilence. Cromwell himself described Wigan as "a great and poor town, and very malignant".<sup id="cite_ref-British_history_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-British_history-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tyldesley_monument,_Wigan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Tyldesley_monument%2C_Wigan.jpg/180px-Tyldesley_monument%2C_Wigan.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Tyldesley_monument%2C_Wigan.jpg/270px-Tyldesley_monument%2C_Wigan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Tyldesley_monument%2C_Wigan.jpg/360px-Tyldesley_monument%2C_Wigan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>Wigan Lane monument</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Wigan_Lane" title="Battle of Wigan Lane">Battle of Wigan Lane</a> was fought on 25 August 1651 during the <a href="/wiki/Third_English_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Third English Civil War">Third English Civil War</a>, between 1,500 Royalists under the command of the <a href="/wiki/James_Stanley,_7th_Earl_of_Derby" title="James Stanley, 7th Earl of Derby">James Stanley, Earl of Derby</a> marching to join the King at Worcester and 3,000 of the <a href="/wiki/New_Model_Army" title="New Model Army">New Model Army</a> under the command of Colonel <a href="/wiki/Robert_Lilburne" title="Robert Lilburne">Robert Lilburne</a> hunting them. Lilburne arrived at Wigan to find the Royalists leaving to march towards Manchester but with his force consisting mostly of cavalry recognised it would be dangerous to engage in the narrow lanes around the town and decided to wait for his foot soldiers to arrive and flank the town. The Royalists seeing an opportunity to engage the divided force turned around to engage but Lilburne decided to hold his ground deploying cavalry on Wigan Lane and infantry in the hedgerows to the sides, The Royalists made several charges but after two hours were unable to break the Parliamentarian line and were forced to flee after being overwhelmed by superior numbers. Although Stanley was injured he managed to find refuge in the town.<sup id="cite_ref-civilwarwigan_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-civilwarwigan-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> David Craine states, "those who did not fall in the fighting [were] hunted to their death through the countryside".<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A monument on Wigan Lane marks the place where <a href="/wiki/Sir_Thomas_Tyldesley" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Thomas Tyldesley">Sir Thomas Tyldesley</a> a Major General commanding the Royalist troops fell, it was erected 28 years after the battle in 1679 by Alexander Rigby, Tyldesley's standard bearer.<sup id="cite_ref-civilwarwigan_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-civilwarwigan-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Industrial_Revolution">Industrial Revolution</h3></div> <p>Wigan was described by <a href="/wiki/Celia_Fiennes" title="Celia Fiennes">Celia Fiennes</a>, a traveller, in 1698 as "a pretty market town built of stone and brick".<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1720, the <a href="/wiki/Moot_hall" title="Moot hall">moot hall</a> was rebuilt, funded by the members of the borough. It was used as the town hall and the earliest reference to it dates from the 15th century.<sup id="cite_ref-British_history_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-British_history-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-mayor's_history_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mayor's_history-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Prior to its final destruction in 1869, the hall was rebuilt in 1829.<sup id="cite_ref-mayor's_history_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mayor's_history-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wigan's status as a centre for coal production, engineering and textiles in the 18th century led to the <a href="/wiki/Douglas_Navigation" title="Douglas Navigation">Douglas Navigation</a> in the 1740s, the canalisation of part of the River Douglas and later the <a href="/wiki/Leeds_and_Liverpool_Canal" title="Leeds and Liverpool Canal">Leeds and Liverpool Canal</a>. The canal from Liverpool to Leeds was originally to serve Wigan on a spur, transporting cloth and food grown on the West Lancashire Plain to the Port of Liverpool. When construction restarted in the 1790s, after decades pause, as coal was rising in importance due to the progress of the Industrial Revolution. The route was altered at the request of mill owners, with the spur becoming the primary route and Wigan a hub for transport of coal from the Lancashire coal pits to Liverpool and Leeds. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Trencherfield_Mill_2008.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Trencherfield_Mill_2008.jpg/220px-Trencherfield_Mill_2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Trencherfield_Mill_2008.jpg/330px-Trencherfield_Mill_2008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Trencherfield_Mill_2008.jpg/440px-Trencherfield_Mill_2008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1800" /></a><figcaption>Trencherfield Mill is an example of one of Wigan's mills being converted for modern use.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>As a <a href="/wiki/Mill_town" title="Mill town">mill town</a>, Wigan was an important centre of <a href="/wiki/Textile_manufacture_during_the_Industrial_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Textile manufacture during the Industrial Revolution">textile manufacture during the Industrial Revolution</a>, but it was not until the 1800s that cotton factories began to spread into the town. This was due to a dearth of fast-flowing streams and rivers in the area, but by 1818 there were eight cotton mills in the Wallgate part of Wigan.<sup id="cite_ref-McNeil66_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McNeil66-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1818 William Woods introduced the first power <a href="/wiki/Loom" title="Loom">looms</a> to the Wigan cotton mills. These mills swiftly became infamous for their dangerous and unbearable conditions, low pay and use of <a href="/wiki/Child_labour" title="Child labour">child labour</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-wiganhissoclatetextile_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wiganhissoclatetextile-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As well as being a mill town, Wigan was also an important centre for coal production. It was recorded that in 1854 there were 54 collieries in and around the town, about a sixth of all collieries in Lancashire.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 1830s Wigan became one of the first towns in Britain to be served by <a href="/wiki/Wigan_Branch_Railway" title="Wigan Branch Railway">a railway</a>; the line had connections to <a href="/wiki/Preston,_Lancashire" title="Preston, Lancashire">Preston</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Manchester_and_Liverpool_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Manchester and Liverpool Railway">Manchester and Liverpool Railway</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-McNeil66_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McNeil66-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was the first in a network of public and <a href="/wiki/Industrial_railway" title="Industrial railway">industrial railways</a> which <a href="/wiki/Old_railway_lines_in_Wigan" title="Old railway lines in Wigan">served the town</a> during the period, much of which has since closed.<sup id="cite_ref-Thomas1986_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Thomas1986-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wigan began to dominate as a cotton town in the late 19th century, and this lasted until the mid-20th century.<sup id="cite_ref-McNeil66_32-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McNeil66-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Irish_connections">Irish connections</h3></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Unreferenced plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Wigan" title="Special:EditPage/Wigan">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Wigan%22">"Wigan"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Wigan%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Wigan%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Wigan%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Wigan%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Wigan%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">October 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Wigan, being almost equal distance from Liverpool and Manchester received high immigration rates of Irish people in the 1800s following the <a href="/wiki/Great_Famine_(Ireland)" title="Great Famine (Ireland)">Great Famine (Ireland)</a>. According to ‘Wigan World’ website, Wigan's population (including Ince and Pemberton townships) doubled from 39,000 in 1851 to 77,000 in 1881 with the immigration of Irish to the town the biggest factor. The Irish mainly settled in the central areas of the town such as Scholes and Ince with the area around Belle Green Lane referred to as Irishtown. St Patrick's church in Scholes was built in 1847 on the back of huge swathes of Irish immigration. </p><p>The local amateur rugby league club <a href="/wiki/Wigan_St_Patricks" title="Wigan St Patricks">Wigan St Patricks</a> has the Irish shamrock on the club badge with green and black being the club colours. </p><p>The Wigan accent has even been affected by the great number of Irish coming to the town. The local word "moidered", known elsewhere as "<a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/mithered#English" class="extiw" title="wikt:mithered">mithered</a>", is said to have derived from pronouncing the word <i>mithered</i> in an Irish accent. </p><p>The Brian Boru Club in Ashton-in-Makerfield was established in 1889 and is the oldest Irish club in the UK. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20th_century">20th century</h3></div> <p>In 1911 the town was described as an "industrial town ... occupying the greater part of the township, whilst its collieries, factories ... fill the atmosphere with smoke".<sup id="cite_ref-British_history_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-British_history-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a> there was a boom followed by a slump from which Wigan's textile industry did not recover. While the town's cotton and coal industries declined in the 20th century, the engineering industry did not go into recession.<sup id="cite_ref-McNeil66_32-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McNeil66-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The last working cotton mill, <a href="/wiki/May_Mill,_Pemberton" title="May Mill, Pemberton">May Mill</a>, closed in 1980.<sup id="cite_ref-wiganhissoclatetextile_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wiganhissoclatetextile-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wigan_Market_(geograph_5781841).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wigan_Market_%28geograph_5781841%29.jpg/220px-Wigan_Market_%28geograph_5781841%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wigan_Market_%28geograph_5781841%29.jpg/330px-Wigan_Market_%28geograph_5781841%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Wigan_Market_%28geograph_5781841%29.jpg/440px-Wigan_Market_%28geograph_5781841%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="1036" /></a><figcaption>Wigan Market in 2018</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1937, Wigan was prominently featured in <a href="/wiki/George_Orwell" title="George Orwell">George Orwell</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Road_to_Wigan_Pier" title="The Road to Wigan Pier">The Road to Wigan Pier</a></i> which dealt, in large part, with the living conditions of England's <a href="/wiki/Working_poor" title="Working poor">working poor</a>. Some have embraced the Orwellian link, as it has provided the area with a modest tourist base over the years.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Others regard this connection as disappointing, considering it an insinuation that Wigan is no better now than it was at the time of Orwell's writing.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governance">Governance</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wigan_Civic_Centre.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Wigan_Civic_Centre.jpg/220px-Wigan_Civic_Centre.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Wigan_Civic_Centre.jpg/330px-Wigan_Civic_Centre.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Wigan_Civic_Centre.jpg/440px-Wigan_Civic_Centre.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="425" /></a><figcaption>Wigan Civic Centre</figcaption></figure> <p>Since 2004, the town of Wigan has been divided between five of the twenty-five <a href="/wiki/Ward_(politics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ward (politics)">wards</a> of the metropolitan borough, each returning three councillors to the 75-member borough council. The five wards are: Douglas, Pemberton, Wigan Central, Wigan West and <a href="/wiki/Worsley_Mesnes" title="Worsley Mesnes">Worsley Mesnes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The metropolitan council provides the local services.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the Norman Conquest, the settlement of Wigan was part of the larger parish of Wigan, the majority of which was within the hundred of <a href="/wiki/Newton_le_Willows" class="mw-redirect" title="Newton le Willows">Newton</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 26 August 1246, Wigan was granted a Royal Charter, making the town a free borough.<sup id="cite_ref-British_history_5-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-British_history-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This happened after the granting of royal charters began in the 13th Century as a way of establishing corporations and defining their privileges and purpose. In <a href="/wiki/Lancashire" title="Lancashire">Lancashire</a>, <a href="/wiki/Liverpool" title="Liverpool">Liverpool</a> was granted in 1207, <a href="/wiki/Salford,_Greater_Manchester" class="mw-redirect" title="Salford, Greater Manchester">Salford</a> in 1230 followed by Manchester in 1301.<sup id="cite_ref-GM_Gazetteer_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GM_Gazetteer-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a borough, Wigan was represented in the <a href="/wiki/Model_Parliament" title="Model Parliament">Model Parliament</a> from 1295 to 1306 by two <a href="/wiki/Burgess_(word)" class="mw-redirect" title="Burgess (word)">burgesses</a> – <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_the_City" title="Freedom of the City">freemen</a> of the borough.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Charter allowed taxes to be made on transactions made in the borough by tradesmen and permitted the local burgesses to establish a <a href="/wiki/Guild" title="Guild">guild</a> that would regulate trade in the borough. Non-members of the guild were not allowed to do business in the borough without permission from the burgesses.<sup id="cite_ref-British_history_5-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-British_history-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is thought that when the Charter was reconfirmation in 1350 it was changed, allowing the election of a mayor of Wigan for the first time. Three burgesses were elected to be presented to the lord of the manor who would choose one man to be mayor for a year.<sup id="cite_ref-British_history_5-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-British_history-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wigan_seal.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e3/Wigan_seal.png/170px-Wigan_seal.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="238" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e3/Wigan_seal.png/255px-Wigan_seal.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e3/Wigan_seal.png/340px-Wigan_seal.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="504" /></a><figcaption>The seal of Wigan was in use from the 17th century until 1922.</figcaption></figure> <p>There was a rivalry between the lords of the manor and borough. The lord of the manor complained in 1328 that the burgesses were holding private markets, from which he gained no revenue. The rivalry continued in the 16th century, with Bishop Stanley unsuccessfully challenging the right of the burgesses to hold markets, believing it should be the right of the lord of the manor. In 1583 the corporation of the borough attempted to usurp the lord of the manor by laying claim to the lordship. They did so because they felt they were fulfilling the duties of the lord: to improve waste and <a href="/wiki/Common_land" title="Common land">common land</a> and allowing construction on this land, running courts, and mining coal. A compromise was reached, dividing some power between the two parties.<sup id="cite_ref-British_history_5-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-British_history-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Town_Hall_(Formerly_Wigan_And_District_Mining_And_Technical_College)_And_Railings.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Town_Hall_%28Formerly_Wigan_And_District_Mining_And_Technical_College%29_And_Railings.jpg/220px-Town_Hall_%28Formerly_Wigan_And_District_Mining_And_Technical_College%29_And_Railings.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Town_Hall_%28Formerly_Wigan_And_District_Mining_And_Technical_College%29_And_Railings.jpg/330px-Town_Hall_%28Formerly_Wigan_And_District_Mining_And_Technical_College%29_And_Railings.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Town_Hall_%28Formerly_Wigan_And_District_Mining_And_Technical_College%29_And_Railings.jpg/440px-Town_Hall_%28Formerly_Wigan_And_District_Mining_And_Technical_College%29_And_Railings.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3024" data-file-height="4032" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Wigan_Town_Hall" title="Wigan Town Hall">Wigan Town Hall</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Under the <a href="/wiki/Municipal_Corporations_Act_1835" title="Municipal Corporations Act 1835">Municipal Corporations Act 1835</a>, the town was reformed and was given a <a href="/wiki/Justice_of_the_peace" title="Justice of the peace">commission of the peace</a>. The borough was divided into five <a href="/wiki/Wards_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Wards of the United Kingdom">wards</a> with a town council of forty members: two <a href="/wiki/Alderman" title="Alderman">aldermen</a> and six <a href="/wiki/Councillor" title="Councillor">councillors</a> representing each ward. Rectors from the local parish church were the lords of the manor since records began until 2 September 1861. On this date, the borough corporation bought the rights associated with the lordship.<sup id="cite_ref-British_history_5-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-British_history-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Local_Government_Act_1888" title="Local Government Act 1888">Local Government Act 1888</a> constituted all <a href="/wiki/Municipal_borough" title="Municipal borough">municipal boroughs</a> with a population of 50,000 or more as "<a href="/wiki/County_borough" title="County borough">county boroughs</a>", exercising both borough and county powers. Wigan accordingly became a county borough on 1 April 1889, giving it independence from Lancashire County Council. Ward boundaries were altered, and the county borough was divided into ten wards, each electing one alderman and three councillors. The former area of <a href="/wiki/Pemberton_Urban_District" title="Pemberton Urban District">Pemberton Urban District</a> was annexed to the <a href="/wiki/County_Borough_of_Wigan" title="County Borough of Wigan">County Borough of Wigan</a> in 1904, adding four extra wards to the borough.<sup id="cite_ref-British_history_5-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-British_history-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1974 the County Borough of Wigan was abolished and its former area became part of the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Borough_of_Wigan" title="Metropolitan Borough of Wigan">Metropolitan Borough of Wigan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-GM_Gazetteer_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GM_Gazetteer-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The current <a href="/wiki/Wigan_Town_Hall" title="Wigan Town Hall">Wigan Town Hall</a> was opened by the <a href="/wiki/Diana,_Princess_of_Wales" title="Diana, Princess of Wales">Princess of Wales</a> in November 1991.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In April 2011, the borough along with the entirety of the county of Greater Manchester became one of 10 constituent councils of the <a href="/wiki/Greater_Manchester_Combined_Authority" title="Greater Manchester Combined Authority">Greater Manchester Combined Authority</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Wigan is in the <a href="/wiki/Wigan_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Wigan (UK Parliament constituency)">Wigan Parliamentary constituency</a>, which was recreated in 1547 after having covered the borough in the late 13th century.<sup id="cite_ref-British_history_5-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-British_history-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 1640 until the <a href="/wiki/Redistribution_of_Seats_Act_1885" title="Redistribution of Seats Act 1885">Redistribution of Seats Act 1885</a>, the constituency returned two Members of Parliament (MPs); from then on it had only one.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since 1918, the constituency has been represented by the <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour Party</a>. <a href="/wiki/Lisa_Nandy" title="Lisa Nandy">Lisa Nandy</a> is the incumbent Member of Parliament for Wigan, having first been elected in the <a href="/wiki/2010_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2010 United Kingdom general election">2010 general election</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Wigan Council takes part in the <a href="/wiki/Twin_towns_and_sister_cities" class="mw-redirect" title="Twin towns and sister cities">town twinning scheme</a>, and in 1988 twinned with <a href="/wiki/Angers" title="Angers">Angers</a> in France.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Greater_Manchester" title="Geography of Greater Manchester">Geography of Greater Manchester</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wigan_skyline_2008.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Wigan_skyline_2008.jpg/220px-Wigan_skyline_2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Wigan_skyline_2008.jpg/330px-Wigan_skyline_2008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Wigan_skyline_2008.jpg/440px-Wigan_skyline_2008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="418" /></a><figcaption>Aerial view of Wigan town centre</figcaption></figure> <p>At <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Wigan&params=53_32_41_N_2_37_54_W_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">53°32′41″N</span> <span class="longitude">2°37′54″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">53.54472°N 2.63167°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">53.54472; -2.63167</span></span></span></a></span></span> (53.5448, −2.6318), Wigan lies respectively to the west and north of <a href="/wiki/Hindley,_Greater_Manchester" title="Hindley, Greater Manchester">Hindley</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ashton-in-Makerfield" title="Ashton-in-Makerfield">Ashton-in-Makerfield</a>, and is about 16 miles (26 km) west of <a href="/wiki/Manchester_city_centre" title="Manchester city centre">Manchester city centre</a> and 12 miles (19 km) north of <a href="/wiki/Warrington" title="Warrington">Warrington</a>. </p><p>The historic town of Wigan forms a tightly integrated conurbation along with the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Borough_of_Wigan" title="Metropolitan Borough of Wigan">Metropolitan Borough of Wigan</a> districts of <a href="/wiki/Orrell,_Greater_Manchester" title="Orrell, Greater Manchester">Orrell</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ince-in-Makerfield" title="Ince-in-Makerfield">Ince-in-Makerfield</a>; this is connected by ribbon development to <a href="/wiki/Standish,_Greater_Manchester" title="Standish, Greater Manchester">Standish</a> and <a href="/wiki/Abram,_Greater_Manchester" title="Abram, Greater Manchester">Abram</a>. These areas, together with the <a href="/wiki/West_Lancashire" title="West Lancashire">West Lancashire</a> town of <a href="/wiki/Skelmersdale" title="Skelmersdale">Skelmersdale</a>, are defined by the <a href="/wiki/Office_for_National_Statistics" title="Office for National Statistics">Office for National Statistics</a> as the <i><a href="/wiki/Wigan_Urban_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Wigan Urban Area">Wigan Urban Area</a></i>, with a total population of 166,840.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The town is part of the <a href="/wiki/Larger_Urban_Zone" class="mw-redirect" title="Larger Urban Zone">Manchester Larger Urban Zone</a>. </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Areas_of_Wigan" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Areas_of_Wigan" title="Template:Areas of Wigan"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Areas_of_Wigan" title="Template talk:Areas of Wigan"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Areas_of_Wigan" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Areas of Wigan"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Areas_of_Wigan" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Areas of <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wigan</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Beech Hill</li> <li>Bull Hey</li> <li>Douglas</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poolstock" title="Poolstock">Poolstock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scholes,_Greater_Manchester" title="Scholes, Greater Manchester">Scholes</a></li> <li>Springfield</li> <li>Swinley</li> <li>Wallgate</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whelley" title="Whelley">Whelley</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p>Wigan is 98 percent white this is below Manchester average of 56 percent. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Update plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Update" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Ambox_current_red.svg/42px-Ambox_current_red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="42" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Ambox_current_red.svg/63px-Ambox_current_red.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Ambox_current_red.svg/84px-Ambox_current_red.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="290" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs to be <b>updated</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2019</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; width: 40%; font-size: 90%;" cellspacing="5"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="4">Wigan compared </th></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/2001_United_Kingdom_census" title="2001 United Kingdom census">2001 UK Census</a></b></td> <td><b>Wigan</b><sup id="cite_ref-employment_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-employment-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><b>Wigan (borough)</b><sup id="cite_ref-Wigan_MB_economic_activity_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wigan_MB_economic_activity-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td><b>England</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Population of working age</td> <td>59,215</td> <td>220,196</td> <td>35,532,091 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Full-time employment</td> <td>40.7%</td> <td>41.7%</td> <td>40.8% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Part-time employment</td> <td>12.7%</td> <td>11.9%</td> <td>11.8% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Self-employed</td> <td>5.3%</td> <td>6.2%</td> <td>8.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Unemployed</td> <td>3.7%</td> <td>3.2%</td> <td>3.3% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Retired</td> <td>14.0%</td> <td>13.7%</td> <td>13.5% </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Entrance_to_Grand_Arcade_shopping_centre,_Wigan_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Entrance_to_Grand_Arcade_shopping_centre%2C_Wigan_%281%29.jpg/220px-Entrance_to_Grand_Arcade_shopping_centre%2C_Wigan_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Entrance_to_Grand_Arcade_shopping_centre%2C_Wigan_%281%29.jpg/330px-Entrance_to_Grand_Arcade_shopping_centre%2C_Wigan_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Entrance_to_Grand_Arcade_shopping_centre%2C_Wigan_%281%29.jpg/440px-Entrance_to_Grand_Arcade_shopping_centre%2C_Wigan_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4320" data-file-height="3240" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Grand_Arcade_(Wigan)" title="Grand Arcade (Wigan)">Grand Arcade Shopping Centre</a>, Town Centre</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Grand_Arcade_(Wigan)" title="Grand Arcade (Wigan)">Grand Arcade</a> shopping centre was opened on 22 March 2007. Construction, which cost £120 million, started in 2005 on the site of <a href="/wiki/Wigan_Casino" title="Wigan Casino">Wigan Casino</a> and The Ritz.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The area around the pier is planned to be redeveloped, in a multimillion-pound project rebranding the area as the <i>Wigan Pier Quarter</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Plans for the redevelopment of the area have been in place since 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-WPQ_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WPQ-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Trencherfield_Mill" title="Trencherfield Mill">Trencherfield Mill</a>, at the centre of the pier development, has been refurbished and used for apartments and office space.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <i>Wigan Life Centre</i> south building opened on 19 September 2011,<sup id="cite_ref-Wigan_Life_Centre_opens_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wigan_Life_Centre_opens-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> housing office accommodation for Wigan Council, Wigan Leisure and Culture Trust and NHS Ashton, Leigh and Wigan, Wigan Library and a swimming pool and fitness suite, with a walk of fame, "Believe Square", for local public figures and groups.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Plans for the 18-storey <i>Tower Grand</i>, which would have been the tallest building in Wigan, were scrapped after the <a href="/wiki/Financial_crisis_of_2007%E2%80%932008" class="mw-redirect" title="Financial crisis of 2007–2008">Financial crisis of 2007–2008</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Galleries_Shopping_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Galleries Shopping Centre">Galleries Shopping Centre</a>, which houses shops as well as an indoor market,<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was bought for £8 million by the council in 2018 as part of a regeneration plan due to long-term decline.<sup id="cite_ref-MEN_WTC_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MEN_WTC-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The former <a href="/wiki/Westwood_power_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Westwood power station">Westwood power station</a> site was redeveloped in 2006 into the <i>Westwood Park business park</i><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and features a large amount of Wigan MBC office space. However, plans for a £125 million 55-acre (22 ha) textiles centre on the site with 1,000,000 square feet (93,000 m<sup>2</sup>) of manufacturing and research space,<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in co-operation with the Chinese state-owned trading company <a href="/wiki/Chinamex" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinamex">Chinamex</a>, fell through.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/The_Tote" title="The Tote">The Tote</a> chain of <a href="/wiki/Bookmaker" title="Bookmaker">bookmakers</a> has its headquarters in Wigan,<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> providing about 300 jobs in the town.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/H._J._Heinz_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="H. J. Heinz Company">H. J. Heinz</a> is amongst the largest food manufacturers in Europe. Their 55-acre (22 ha) <a href="/wiki/H._J._Heinz,_Wigan" title="H. J. Heinz, Wigan">food manufacturing facility</a> in Wigan is the largest food processing facility in Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/JJB_Sports" title="JJB Sports">JJB Sports</a>, a former nationwide sports clothing retailer, was founded in Wigan as a sports shop by John Jarvis Broughton (later JJ Bradburn) and was bought and expanded by businessman <a href="/wiki/Dave_Whelan" title="Dave Whelan">Dave Whelan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/DW_Sports_Fitness" title="DW Sports Fitness">DW Sports Fitness</a> another nationwide sports retailer and <a href="/wiki/Health_clubs" class="mw-redirect" title="Health clubs">fitness</a> business owned by Dave Whelan is headquartered in the town.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The bakery chain <a href="/wiki/Galloways_Bakers" title="Galloways Bakers">Galloways Bakers</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and William Santus & Co. Ltd, the confectioner and producer of <a href="/wiki/Uncle_Joe%27s_Mint_Balls" title="Uncle Joe's Mint Balls">Uncle Joe's Mint Balls</a>, are both based in Wigan.<sup id="cite_ref-UJM_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UJM-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to the 2001 UK census, the industry of employment of residents aged 16–74 was 22.4% retail and wholesale, 18.8% manufacturing, 10.2% health and social work, 8.6% construction, 8.0% property and business services, 7.4% transport and communications, 6.5% education, 5.2% public administration, 4.1% hotels and restaurants, 2.7% finance, 0.7% energy and water supply, 0.4% agriculture, 0.1% mining, and 4.8% other.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Compared to national figures, Wigan had high rates of employment in retail and wholesale (16.9% in England) and manufacturing (14.8% in England), and relatively low levels of employment in agriculture (1.5%).<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The census recorded the economic activity of residents aged 16–74, 1.9% students were with jobs, 2.9% students without jobs, 5.9% looking after home or family, 10.2% permanently sick or disabled, and 3.2% economically inactive for other reasons.<sup id="cite_ref-employment_50-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-employment-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Landmarks">Landmarks</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Listed_buildings_in_Wigan" title="Listed buildings in Wigan">Listed buildings in Wigan</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Taylor_Gallery_at_the_Museum_of_Wigan_Life.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Taylor_Gallery_at_the_Museum_of_Wigan_Life.jpg/220px-Taylor_Gallery_at_the_Museum_of_Wigan_Life.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Taylor_Gallery_at_the_Museum_of_Wigan_Life.jpg/330px-Taylor_Gallery_at_the_Museum_of_Wigan_Life.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Taylor_Gallery_at_the_Museum_of_Wigan_Life.jpg/440px-Taylor_Gallery_at_the_Museum_of_Wigan_Life.jpg 2x" data-file-width="836" data-file-height="626" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Wigan_Life" title="Museum of Wigan Life">Museum of Wigan Life</a></figcaption></figure> <p>There are 125 <a href="/wiki/Listed_buildings_in_Wigan" title="Listed buildings in Wigan">listed buildings in Wigan</a> out of the 216 <a href="/wiki/Listed_building" title="Listed building">listed buildings</a> in the wider borough with nine at <a href="/wiki/Grade_II*_listed_buildings_in_Greater_Manchester" title="Grade II* listed buildings in Greater Manchester">Grade II*</a> in the town.<sup id="cite_ref-listed_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-listed-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As well as being a Grade II* listed structure, <a href="/wiki/Mab%27s_Cross" title="Mab's Cross">Mab's Cross</a> is the only <a href="/wiki/Scheduled_Monuments_in_Greater_Manchester" class="mw-redirect" title="Scheduled Monuments in Greater Manchester">Scheduled Monument</a> in Wigan itself, out of the 12 in Wigan Borough.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is a medieval stone cross that probably dates from the 13th century. There is a legend surrounding the cross that Lady Mabel Bradshaigh, wife of Sir William Bradshaigh, did penance by walking from her home, <a href="/wiki/Haigh,_Greater_Manchester" title="Haigh, Greater Manchester">Haigh Hall</a>, to the cross once a week barefoot for committing <a href="/wiki/Bigamy" title="Bigamy">bigamy</a>. There is no evidence the legend is true, as there is no record that Lady Mabel was married to anyone other than Sir William Bradshaigh, and several facets of the story are incorrect.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Haigh Hall was built in 1827–1840 on the site of a medieval <a href="/wiki/Manor_house" title="Manor house">manor house</a> of the same name, which was demolished in 1820.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The hall is surrounded by a 250-acre (101 ha) country park, featuring areas of woodland and parkland.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The former <a href="/wiki/Old_Town_Hall,_Wigan" title="Old Town Hall, Wigan">town hall</a> was a Grade II listed building.<sup id="cite_ref-listed_75-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-listed-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Boer_War_Memorial_Wigan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Boer_War_Memorial_Wigan.jpg/220px-Boer_War_Memorial_Wigan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Boer_War_Memorial_Wigan.jpg/330px-Boer_War_Memorial_Wigan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Boer_War_Memorial_Wigan.jpg/440px-Boer_War_Memorial_Wigan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="10353" data-file-height="6617" /></a><figcaption>The Boer War memorial in Mesnes Park</figcaption></figure> <p>Designed by John McClean, <a href="/wiki/Mesnes_Park,_Wigan" title="Mesnes Park, Wigan">Mesnes Park</a> was opened in 1878; McClean was chosen to design the park through a competition. There is a pavilion in the centre and a lake.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Heritage_Lottery_Fund" class="mw-redirect" title="Heritage Lottery Fund">Heritage Lottery Fund</a> has donated £1.8 million to regenerate the park and Wigan Metropolitan Borough Council added £1.6 million to that figure. The pavilion and grandstand will be restored.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 20-acre (8.1 ha) Mesnes Park is north-west of Wigan town centre.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It receives two million visitors a year and used to host the Wigan One World Festival.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Wigan's war memorial was unveiled in 1925. Designed by <a href="/wiki/Giles_Gilbert_Scott" title="Giles Gilbert Scott">Giles Gilbert Scott</a> and funded through public donations, the monument is now a Grade II* listed building and commemorates the fallen soldiers from the town in the <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">First World War</a> and other conflicts. In 2006, the plaques bearing the names of the dead were stolen; a year later they were replaced through council funding.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is also a memorial on Wigan Lane which marks the site where Sir Thomas Tyldesley died in 1651 at the Battle of Wigan Lane.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The former Wigan Central Library opened in 1878 and is now the <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Wigan_Life" title="Museum of Wigan Life">Museum of Wigan Life</a>. A one-year restoration programme began in 2009 costing £1.9 million. George Orwell used it to research <i>The Road to Wigan Pier</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2019<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wigan&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, the <a href="/wiki/Wigan_Pier" title="Wigan Pier">Wigan Pier</a> Quarter is at the heart of a regeneration programme that began in 2006 to revitalise the area.<sup id="cite_ref-WPQ_54-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WPQ-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Part of Wigan's industrial heritage, <a href="/wiki/Trencherfield_Mill" title="Trencherfield Mill">Trencherfield Mill</a> was built in 1907 and is a Grade II listed building.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It houses a steam engine over 100 years old which was restored with help from the Heritage Lottery Fund.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The quarter is also home to the Wigan Pier Theatre Company, which was founded in 1986.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Face of Wigan, located in the town centre since 2008, is a stainless steel sculpture of a face. Created by sculptor <a href="/wiki/Rick_Kirby" title="Rick Kirby">Rick Kirby</a>, The Face stands at 18-foot-tall (5.5 m) and cost £80,000.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sport">Sport</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Warm_up_at_the_DW_Stadium,_Wigan_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2012508.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Warm_up_at_the_DW_Stadium%2C_Wigan_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2012508.jpg/220px-Warm_up_at_the_DW_Stadium%2C_Wigan_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2012508.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Warm_up_at_the_DW_Stadium%2C_Wigan_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2012508.jpg/330px-Warm_up_at_the_DW_Stadium%2C_Wigan_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2012508.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Warm_up_at_the_DW_Stadium%2C_Wigan_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2012508.jpg/440px-Warm_up_at_the_DW_Stadium%2C_Wigan_-_geograph.org.uk_-_2012508.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2576" data-file-height="1932" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Wigan_Athletic_F.C." title="Wigan Athletic F.C.">Latics</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wigan_Warriors" title="Wigan Warriors">Warriors</a> share the <a href="/wiki/DW_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="DW Stadium">DW Stadium</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The 25,138-capacity <a href="/wiki/DW_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="DW Stadium">DW Stadium</a>, originally called the JJB Stadium,<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is located in the Newtown area of Wigan and is shared by professional <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">association football</a> club <a href="/wiki/Wigan_Athletic_F.C." title="Wigan Athletic F.C.">Wigan Athletic</a> with professional <a href="/wiki/Rugby_league" title="Rugby league">rugby league football</a> club <a href="/wiki/Wigan_Warriors" title="Wigan Warriors">Wigan Warriors</a>. The Latics moved into the stadium upon its completion in 1999 from their former home, <a href="/wiki/Springfield_Park_(Wigan)" title="Springfield Park (Wigan)">Springfield Park</a>. The Warriors also moved into the stadium in 1999 from their previous home, <a href="/wiki/Central_Park_(Wigan)" title="Central Park (Wigan)">Central Park</a>. </p><p>The 1,200-capacity multi-use Robin Park arena is located next to the DW Stadium. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rugby_league_football">Rugby league football</h3></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Rugby_football" title="Rugby football">Rugby football</a> has been played in the town since 1862. <a href="/wiki/Wigan_Warriors" title="Wigan Warriors">Wigan Warriors</a>, originally called Wigan FC, were formed out of the <a href="/wiki/Wigan_Cricket_Club" title="Wigan Cricket Club">Wigan Cricket Club</a> in 1872 to provide a sport to play during the winter months. During the rugby football schism of 1895, Wigan FC, along with the other leading northern clubs at the time, split from the <a href="/wiki/Rugby_Football_Union" title="Rugby Football Union">Rugby Football Union</a> to form the <a href="/wiki/Rugby_Football_League" title="Rugby Football League">Northern Union</a>. Wigan have been a rugby league club ever since and added the Warriors suffix to their name in 1997, shortly after rugby league had switched to a summer sport in 1996. The club are the most successful English club in the sport, winning 24 league championships and 21 challenge cup titles, as well as being crowned world club champions on five occasions. The club currently play in the <a href="/wiki/Super_League" title="Super League">Super League</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Liverpool_Stanley" title="Liverpool Stanley">Liverpool Stanley</a> were a professional rugby league club formed in the Highfield area of Wigan in 1902 as Wigan Highfield. The club didn't stay long in Wigan, however, relocating around England several times. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Blackpool_Borough" title="Blackpool Borough">Blackpool Borough</a> briefly played in Wigan at Wigan Athletic's Springfield Park from 1987 to 1988 under the name Springfield Borough. The club is now defunct. </p><p>Amateur rugby league is popular in the town, with <a href="/wiki/Wigan_St_Patricks" title="Wigan St Patricks">Wigan St Patricks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wigan_St_Judes" title="Wigan St Judes">Wigan St Judes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ince_Rose_Bridge" title="Ince Rose Bridge">Ince Rose Bridge</a> all playing in the <a href="/wiki/National_Conference_League" title="National Conference League">National Conference League</a>, the amateur game's top level. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Association_football">Association football</h3></div> <p>Association football initially struggled to take hold in Wigan with non-league clubs <a href="/wiki/Wigan_County_F.C." title="Wigan County F.C.">Wigan County</a> (1897–1900) and <a href="/wiki/Wigan_Town_A.F.C." title="Wigan Town A.F.C.">Wigan Town</a> (1905–1908) both folding within a few years of their creation.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Wigan_Borough_F.C." title="Wigan Borough F.C.">Wigan Borough</a>, emerged from the amateur side <a href="/wiki/Wigan_United_A.F.C." title="Wigan United A.F.C.">Wigan United</a> (1896–1914), in 1920 and became the town's first club to play in the <a href="/wiki/Football_League" class="mw-redirect" title="Football League">Football League</a> when in 1921 they became founder members of the <a href="/wiki/Football_League_Third_Division" title="Football League Third Division">Football League Third Division North</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The club left the Football League and folded in 1931. They were replaced a year later by <a href="/wiki/Wigan_Athletic" class="mw-redirect" title="Wigan Athletic">Wigan Athletic</a>, the town's current professional football club.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Wigan Athletic was elected to the <a href="/wiki/English_Football_League" title="English Football League">Football League</a> in 1978, and the club were promoted to the <a href="/wiki/Premier_League" title="Premier League">Premier League</a>, the top division of English football, in 2005. The club were relegated to the <a href="/wiki/EFL_Championship" title="EFL Championship">Championship</a> in 2013, the same season they won the <a href="/wiki/2012%E2%80%9313_FA_Cup" title="2012–13 FA Cup">2013 FA Cup</a>, defeating <a href="/wiki/Manchester_City_F.C." title="Manchester City F.C.">Manchester City</a> 1–0 in the <a href="/wiki/2013_FA_Cup_Final" class="mw-redirect" title="2013 FA Cup Final">final</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2020, the club went into <a href="/wiki/Administration_(British_football)" title="Administration (British football)">administration</a> but was later taken over by new owners.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of the <a href="/wiki/2023%E2%80%9324_EFL_League_One" title="2023–24 EFL League One">2023–24 season</a>, the club play in <a href="/wiki/EFL_League_One" title="EFL League One">League One</a>, having been relegated from the <a href="/wiki/EFL_Championship" title="EFL Championship">Championship</a> the <a href="/wiki/2022%E2%80%9323_EFL_Championship" title="2022–23 EFL Championship">previous season</a>. </p><p>The semi-professional football team <a href="/wiki/Wigan_Robin_Park_F.C." title="Wigan Robin Park F.C.">Wigan Robin Park</a> also played in the town between 2005 and 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_sports">Other sports</h3></div> <p>The town was historically known as a centre for wrestling in Britain. It was home to <a href="/wiki/The_Snake_Pit_(Wigan)" title="The Snake Pit (Wigan)">the Snake Pit</a>, one of the world's most prominent <a href="/wiki/Catch_wrestling" title="Catch wrestling">catch wrestling</a> gyms, founded by professional wrestler <a href="/wiki/Billy_Riley" title="Billy Riley">Billy Riley</a>. The school has since moved to neighbouring <a href="/wiki/Aspull" title="Aspull">Aspull</a> and the original building was demolished after a fire. The Snake Pit has since held competitions in Wigan, including the British and World Championships for catch wrestling. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Former_Wigan_International_Pool_(geograph_2274426).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Former_Wigan_International_Pool_%28geograph_2274426%29.jpg/220px-Former_Wigan_International_Pool_%28geograph_2274426%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Former_Wigan_International_Pool_%28geograph_2274426%29.jpg/330px-Former_Wigan_International_Pool_%28geograph_2274426%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Former_Wigan_International_Pool_%28geograph_2274426%29.jpg/440px-Former_Wigan_International_Pool_%28geograph_2274426%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="688" /></a><figcaption>Wigan International-standard pool, demolished 2008</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/American_Football" class="mw-redirect" title="American Football">American Football</a> club Wigan Warhawks compete in the BAFA flag league in the MEC Central division. In 2016, the Warhawks made the playoffs in their rookie season and in 2017 lifted their first silverware, winning the Coventry Cougars Charity Tournament. </p><p>Amateur club <a href="/wiki/Wigan_R.U.F.C." class="mw-redirect" title="Wigan R.U.F.C.">Wigan R.U.F.C.</a> represents the town in rugby union. </p><p>Wigan's international-standard swimming pool was demolished in 2008. A new 25-metre (82 ft) pool opened in September 2011 in the Wigan Life Centre development.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The original 50-metre (160 ft) pool was built in 1966 at a cost of £692,000 (£16.3 million as of 2024),<sup id="cite_ref-inflation-UK_103-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inflation-UK-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wigan BEST, named Wigan Wasps until 2004, is the town's swimming club. It has produced Olympic standard swimmers, including medal winner <a href="/wiki/June_Croft" title="June Croft">June Croft</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25_things_104-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25_things-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Wigan Wheelers, a cycling club established in 1919, is based in the town.<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Wigan has staged <a href="/wiki/Motorcycle_speedway" title="Motorcycle speedway">motorcycle speedway</a> and <a href="/wiki/Greyhound_racing_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Greyhound racing in the United Kingdom">greyhound racing</a> at two venues. The <a href="/wiki/Poolstock_Stadium" title="Poolstock Stadium">Poolstock Stadium</a> was the home of <a href="/wiki/Wigan_(speedway)" title="Wigan (speedway)">Wigan Speedway</a> in 1947. The team moved to Fleetwood in 1948, although they raced at Poolstock in 1960. The <a href="/wiki/Woodhouse_Lane_Stadium" title="Woodhouse Lane Stadium">Woodhouse Lane Stadium</a> was used briefly in the early 1950s when the team was known as the Panthers.<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Wigan Warlords are an <a href="/wiki/Inline_Hockey" class="mw-redirect" title="Inline Hockey">Inline Hockey</a> team.<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Wigan's district badminton league consists of 30 teams across three divisions.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Wigan Sailing Club operates from the 69-acre (28 ha) Scotman's Flash in Poolstock less than a mile from the centre of the town. </p><p>Wigan & District Motor Club, formed in 1973 by motorsports enthusiasts, runs stage rallies at Three Sisters Race Circuit. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_schools_in_Wigan" title="List of schools in Wigan">List of schools in Wigan</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Wigan_and_Leigh_College" title="Wigan and Leigh College">Wigan and Leigh College</a>, a further education college with over 8,000 total students, has three campuses in Wigan: Parsons Walk Centre, Wigan School for the Arts and the Engineering & Construction Centre of Excellence (Pagefield Centre).<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is also <a href="/wiki/Wigan_UTC" class="mw-redirect" title="Wigan UTC">Wigan UTC</a>, a <a href="/wiki/University_technical_college" title="University technical college">university technical college</a>, in the town centre. In the wider borough, there are two <a href="/wiki/Sixth_form_colleges" class="mw-redirect" title="Sixth form colleges">sixth form colleges</a>, <a href="/wiki/St_John_Rigby_College,_Wigan" title="St John Rigby College, Wigan">St John Rigby College</a> and <a href="/wiki/Winstanley_College" title="Winstanley College">Winstanley College</a>. High schools in the town are the <a href="/wiki/Deanery_High_School" title="Deanery High School">Deanery High School</a>, <a href="/wiki/St._John_Fisher_Catholic_High_School_(Wigan)" class="mw-redirect" title="St. John Fisher Catholic High School (Wigan)">St. John Fisher Catholic High School</a>, <a href="/wiki/St_Peter%27s_Catholic_High_School" title="St Peter's Catholic High School">St. Peter's Catholic High School</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rose_Bridge_Academy" class="mw-redirect" title="Rose Bridge Academy">Rose Bridge Academy</a> (in Ince) with more throughout the borough.<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:George_Formby_with_the_army_in_France,_1940_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/George_Formby_with_the_army_in_France%2C_1940_cropped.jpg/220px-George_Formby_with_the_army_in_France%2C_1940_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="271" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/George_Formby_with_the_army_in_France%2C_1940_cropped.jpg/330px-George_Formby_with_the_army_in_France%2C_1940_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/07/George_Formby_with_the_army_in_France%2C_1940_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="404" data-file-height="497" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/George_Formby,_Jr" class="mw-redirect" title="George Formby, Jr">George Formby, Jr</a> in France during WWII</figcaption></figure> <p>Wigan has been well known for its <a href="/wiki/Popular_music" title="Popular music">popular music</a> since the days of <a href="/wiki/George_Formby_Sr" title="George Formby Sr">George Formby Sr</a> and <a href="/wiki/George_Formby,_Jr." class="mw-redirect" title="George Formby, Jr.">George Formby Jr</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was the birthplace of <a href="/wiki/The_Eight_Lancashire_Lads" title="The Eight Lancashire Lads">the Eight Lancashire Lads</a>, a dancing troupe who gave the young <a href="/wiki/Charlie_Chaplin" title="Charlie Chaplin">Charlie Chaplin</a> his professional debut. One member of the troupe was John Willie Jackson, the "John Willie" to whom George Formby would often refer in his songs. Local bands that gained wider repute include <a href="/wiki/The_Verve" title="The Verve">the Verve</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Railway_Children_(band)" title="The Railway Children (band)">the Railway Children</a>, <a href="/wiki/Witness_(UK_band)" title="Witness (UK band)">Witness</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Tansads" title="The Tansads">the Tansads</a>, <a href="/wiki/Limahl" title="Limahl">Limahl</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kajagoogoo" title="Kajagoogoo">Kajagoogoo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Starsailor_(band)" title="Starsailor (band)">Starsailor</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Verve" title="The Verve">The Verve</a> were one of the most important British rock groups of the 1990s, finding success in the UK and abroad. The band was formed when the members met at <a href="/wiki/Winstanley_College" title="Winstanley College">Winstanley College</a> in 1989. In 2021, <a href="/wiki/The_Lathums" title="The Lathums">the Lathums</a> continued the town's popular music tradition by scoring a UK number one with their debut studio album <i><a href="/wiki/How_Beautiful_Life_Can_Be" title="How Beautiful Life Can Be">How Beautiful Life Can Be</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From 1973 to 1981, <a href="/wiki/Wigan_Casino" title="Wigan Casino">Wigan Casino</a> was the location for Wigan's weekly <a href="/wiki/Northern_Soul" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Soul">Northern Soul</a> all-nighters.<sup id="cite_ref-catterall_115-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-catterall-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The venue began as a dance hall called Empress Ballroom. Wigan Casino rose to prominence in the 1970s and, in 1978, it was named the "best disco in the world" by <i><a href="/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)" title="Billboard (magazine)">Billboard</a></i>, an American music magazine. The building was gutted by fire in 1982 and was demolished the following year.<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was the inspiration for the 1989 dance record <i>Wigan</i> by <a href="/wiki/Baby_Ford" title="Baby Ford">Baby Ford</a>. </p><p>Since 1986, Wigan has hosted an international jazz festival.<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wigan remains a centre of popular music for young people, with a number of alternative pubs and clubs in the town centre. The town also had a music collective which existed to promote the scene and help out local musicians and bands; they host activities such as recording sessions and gig advice for young musicians.<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Throughout the early 1990s, <i>The Den</i> was a popular venue for bands with acts such as <a href="/wiki/Green_Day" title="Green Day">Green Day</a> heading over to play.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> A local tradition since the 1980s is <a href="/wiki/Boxing_Day" title="Boxing Day">Boxing Day</a> fancy dress<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which, in recent years, has received national media coverage.<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From 2002, the annual <a href="/wiki/Haigh_Hall#Haigh_Country_Park" title="Haigh Hall">Haigh Music Festival</a> was held at <a href="/wiki/Haigh,_Greater_Manchester" title="Haigh, Greater Manchester">Haigh Hall</a>, Wigan, which attracted around 7,000 guests each year.<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2011, <i>Haigh Fest</i> ended due to funding issues. Since 2012, the free <i>Wigan Live Festival</i>, held in the town centre, has taken its place.<sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The town currently has a host of venues putting on gigs for upcoming local bands, including Indiependence, The Boulevard, The Old Courts and The Swinley. NXNW has hosted the annual Wigan Festival of Art, Music and Literature known as North By North Western Festival. The collective is a voluntary non-profit making organisation and the festival takes place at various venues across the town.<sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since 2010, the <i>Wigan Diggers Festival</i> has taken place on the second Saturday of September. The festival brings together a significant number of <a href="/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism">socialist</a> organisations and sympathetic musicians to celebrate the life, ideas and influence of the Wigan-born, <a href="/wiki/Gerrard_Winstanley" title="Gerrard Winstanley">Gerrard Winstanley</a>, founder of the <a href="/wiki/Diggers" title="Diggers">Diggers</a> (True Levellers) Movement.<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Recent<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (September 2022)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup> headliners have included significant Wigan bands <i>The Railway Children</i> and <i>Merry Hell</i>. </p><p>Wigan is home to the annual <a href="/wiki/World_Pie_Eating_Championship" title="World Pie Eating Championship">World Pie Eating Championship</a>, which is usually held at Harry's Bar on Wallgate. The competition has been held since 1992 and, in 2006, a <a href="/wiki/Vegetarianism" title="Vegetarianism">vegetarian</a> option was added.<sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wiganers are sometimes referred to as "pie-eaters"; the name is said to date from the <a href="/wiki/1926_United_Kingdom_general_strike" title="1926 United Kingdom general strike">1926 General Strike</a> when Wigan coal miners were starved back to work before their counterparts in surrounding towns and so were forced to metaphorically eat "<a href="/wiki/Humble_pie" title="Humble pie">humble pie</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-25_things_104-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25_things-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A local dish is the Pie Barm, also known as a Wigan Kebab,<sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> consisting of a buttered bread roll sandwiching a <a href="/wiki/Meat_and_potato_pie" title="Meat and potato pie">meat and potato pie</a> inside.<sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wigan is also the home town of the local confectionary <a href="/wiki/Uncle_Joe%27s_Mint_Balls" title="Uncle Joe's Mint Balls">Uncle Joe's Mint Balls</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-UJM_72-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UJM-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the television series <i><a href="/wiki/Wallace_and_Gromit" class="mw-redirect" title="Wallace and Gromit">Wallace and Gromit</a></i>, the title characters live at the fictional 62 West Wallaby Street in Wigan.<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media">Media</h2></div> <p>Local news and television programmes are provided by <a href="/wiki/BBC_North_West" title="BBC North West">BBC North West</a> and <a href="/wiki/ITV_Granada" title="ITV Granada">ITV Granada</a>. Television signals are received from the <a href="/wiki/Winter_Hill_transmitting_station" title="Winter Hill transmitting station">Winter Hill</a> TV transmitter.<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The town is served by both <a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_Merseyside" title="BBC Radio Merseyside">BBC Radio Merseyside</a> and <a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_Lancashire" title="BBC Radio Lancashire">BBC Radio Lancashire</a>. Other radio stations include <a href="/wiki/Capital_North_West_%26_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="Capital North West & Wales">Capital North West & Wales</a>, <a href="/wiki/Heart_North_West" title="Heart North West">Heart North West</a>, <a href="/wiki/Smooth_North_West" title="Smooth North West">Smooth North West</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wish_FM" title="Wish FM">Greatest Hits Radio Wigan & St Helens</a> (formerly Wish FM) and Countywide Radio, a community based station that broadcast from the town. <sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Local newspaper is the <i><a href="/wiki/Wigan_Post" title="Wigan Post">Wigan Evening Post</a></i>. <sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transport">Transport</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Virgin_Class_390,_390112_%22Virgin_Star%22,_Wigan_North_Western_railway_station_(geograph_4499951).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Virgin_Class_390%2C_390112_%22Virgin_Star%22%2C_Wigan_North_Western_railway_station_%28geograph_4499951%29.jpg/220px-Virgin_Class_390%2C_390112_%22Virgin_Star%22%2C_Wigan_North_Western_railway_station_%28geograph_4499951%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Virgin_Class_390%2C_390112_%22Virgin_Star%22%2C_Wigan_North_Western_railway_station_%28geograph_4499951%29.jpg/330px-Virgin_Class_390%2C_390112_%22Virgin_Star%22%2C_Wigan_North_Western_railway_station_%28geograph_4499951%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Virgin_Class_390%2C_390112_%22Virgin_Star%22%2C_Wigan_North_Western_railway_station_%28geograph_4499951%29.jpg/440px-Virgin_Class_390%2C_390112_%22Virgin_Star%22%2C_Wigan_North_Western_railway_station_%28geograph_4499951%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="683" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Wigan_North_Western_railway_station" title="Wigan North Western railway station">Wigan North Western railway station</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Road">Road</h3></div> <p>Wigan lies on the meeting point of two <a href="/wiki/Primary_status" class="mw-redirect" title="Primary status">primary</a> <a href="/wiki/A_roads_in_Great_Britain" class="mw-redirect" title="A roads in Great Britain">A roads</a>, the <a href="/wiki/A49_road" title="A49 road">A49</a> and <a href="/wiki/A577_road" title="A577 road">A577</a>, which link to the <a href="/wiki/M6_motorway" title="M6 motorway">M6</a>, <a href="/wiki/M61_motorway" title="M61 motorway">M61</a> and <a href="/wiki/M58_motorway" title="M58 motorway">M58 motorways</a>. Increased traffic in recent years, encouraged by retail development, has resulted in very congested main roads for most of the day. This situation is linked to the town's geography, with river valleys and railway lines impeding road improvement.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rail">Rail</h3></div> <p>There are two railway stations in Wigan town centre: <a href="/wiki/Wigan_North_Western" class="mw-redirect" title="Wigan North Western">Wigan North Western</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wigan_Wallgate" class="mw-redirect" title="Wigan Wallgate">Wigan Wallgate</a>. North Western is on the north–south <a href="/wiki/Railway_electrification_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Railway electrification system">electrified</a> <a href="/wiki/West_Coast_Main_Line" title="West Coast Main Line">West Coast Main Line</a>. <a href="/wiki/Avanti_West_Coast" title="Avanti West Coast">Avanti West Coast</a> provides express trains to <a href="/wiki/Euston_railway_station" title="Euston railway station">London Euston</a>, <a href="/wiki/Birmingham_New_Street_railway_station" title="Birmingham New Street railway station">Birmingham</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lancaster_railway_station" title="Lancaster railway station">Lancaster</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carlisle_railway_station" title="Carlisle railway station">Carlisle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Waverley_railway_station" title="Edinburgh Waverley railway station">Edinburgh</a> and <a href="/wiki/Glasgow_Central_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Glasgow Central station">Glasgow</a>. <a href="/wiki/Northern_(train_operating_company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern (train operating company)">Northern</a> operates trains to <a href="/wiki/Preston_railway_station" title="Preston railway station">Preston</a> and <a href="/wiki/Blackpool_North_railway_station" title="Blackpool North railway station">Blackpool North</a> and a regular local service along the line to <a href="/wiki/St_Helens_Central_railway_station" title="St Helens Central railway station">St Helens</a> and <a href="/wiki/Liverpool_Lime_Street_railway_station" title="Liverpool Lime Street railway station">Liverpool Lime Street</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Wigan Wallgate serves lines running east and west from Wigan. Northern operate trains to <a href="/wiki/Southport_railway_station" title="Southport railway station">Southport</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kirkby_railway_station" title="Kirkby railway station">Kirkby</a>, with connections to <a href="/wiki/Liverpool_Central_railway_station" title="Liverpool Central railway station">Liverpool Central</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Merseyrail" title="Merseyrail">Merseyrail</a> system. Frequent local services also operate, in co-operation with <a href="/wiki/Transport_for_Greater_Manchester" title="Transport for Greater Manchester">TfGM</a>, to <a href="/wiki/Bolton_railway_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Bolton railway station">Bolton</a> and <a href="/wiki/Manchester" title="Manchester">Manchester</a>, with most trains from Wigan continuing through to other destinations such as <a href="/wiki/Manchester_Airport_station" title="Manchester Airport station">Manchester Airport</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stockport_railway_station" title="Stockport railway station">Stockport</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rochdale_railway_station" title="Rochdale railway station">Rochdale</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Pemberton_railway_station" title="Pemberton railway station">Pemberton station</a> serves the Pemberton area of the town.<sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bus_and_tram">Bus and tram</h3></div> <p>A <a href="/wiki/Horsecar" title="Horsecar">horse tramway</a> was built in 1880 by the <i>Wigan Corporation</i> and leased to a succession of private companies to operate services to Pemberton, Aspull and towards Standish.<sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Steam tram operation was introduced quickly, but the network always struggled to pay its way and just after the start of the 20th century Wigan Corporation gradually bought the operating leases and converted the network to electric tramcar operation. However, the network was saddled with a mix of <a href="/wiki/Standard_gauge" class="mw-redirect" title="Standard gauge">standard gauge</a> and <a href="/wiki/Narrow_gauge" class="mw-redirect" title="Narrow gauge">narrow gauge</a> lines, reducing efficiency and increasing costs; the last of the <a href="/wiki/Wigan_Corporation_Tramways" title="Wigan Corporation Tramways">Wigan Corporation Tramways</a> were closed in 1931 to be replaced by buses, which had begun as 'feeder' services to the trams but which had shown themselves to be faster and more flexible. <a href="/wiki/Trolleybuses" class="mw-redirect" title="Trolleybuses">Trolleybuses</a> were operated on a single route from Wigan to Martland Mill from 1925 to 1931.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_new_2018_Wigan_Bus_Station.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/The_new_2018_Wigan_Bus_Station.jpg/220px-The_new_2018_Wigan_Bus_Station.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/The_new_2018_Wigan_Bus_Station.jpg/330px-The_new_2018_Wigan_Bus_Station.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/The_new_2018_Wigan_Bus_Station.jpg/440px-The_new_2018_Wigan_Bus_Station.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3182" data-file-height="2121" /></a><figcaption>The redeveloped <a href="/wiki/Wigan_bus_station" title="Wigan bus station">Wigan bus station</a> in 2018</figcaption></figure> <p>The town's tram, trolleybus and bus fleet was always painted in crimson and off-white colours, with ornate gold lining out until the outbreak of World War II. The buses were notable in that they never carried exterior advertisements, with the town's crest occupying the space between decks where other bus operators placed adverts; they carried two green lights on the front, to enable the town's ratepayers to see at night which was one of the town's own buses and not one of those of a competitor.<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At local government reorganisation in April 1974, the Wigan Corporation Transport Department became part of <a href="/wiki/Greater_Manchester_Transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Greater Manchester Transport">Greater Manchester Transport</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The current network of local buses, coordinated by <a href="/wiki/Transport_for_Greater_Manchester" title="Transport for Greater Manchester">Transport for Greater Manchester</a> (TfGM) and departs from the <a href="/wiki/Wigan_bus_station" title="Wigan bus station">Wigan bus station</a> in the town centre. The bus station reopened in late 2018 after a £15.7 million, two-year redevelopment.<sup id="cite_ref-MEN_WTC_62-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MEN_WTC-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Local buses serve Wigan and district with <a href="/wiki/National_Express_Coaches" title="National Express Coaches">National Express</a> long-distance coach services. Wigan's bus services were included in the first tranche of TfGM bus franchises under the <a href="/wiki/Bee_Network" title="Bee Network">Bee Network</a> <a href="/wiki/Integrated_route_network" class="mw-redirect" title="Integrated route network">integrated transport network</a>, with services tendered to bus operator <a href="/wiki/Go_North_West" title="Go North West">Go North West</a> launching in the town on 24 September 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Wigan is on the <a href="/wiki/Leeds_and_Liverpool_Canal" title="Leeds and Liverpool Canal">Leeds and Liverpool Canal</a> and is epitomised by <a href="/wiki/Wigan_Pier" title="Wigan Pier">Wigan Pier</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-nicholson_141-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nicholson-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is also a branch of the canal from Wigan to <a href="/wiki/Leigh,_Greater_Manchester" title="Leigh, Greater Manchester">Leigh</a>, with a connection to the <a href="/wiki/Bridgewater_Canal" title="Bridgewater Canal">Bridgewater Canal</a> linking Wigan to Manchester.<sup id="cite_ref-nicholson_141-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nicholson-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Wigan" class="mw-redirect" title="List of people from Wigan">List of people from Wigan</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:England_Greater_Manchester_numbered.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/England_Greater_Manchester_numbered.svg/32px-England_Greater_Manchester_numbered.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/England_Greater_Manchester_numbered.svg/48px-England_Greater_Manchester_numbered.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/England_Greater_Manchester_numbered.svg/64px-England_Greater_Manchester_numbered.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="414" data-file-height="308" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Greater_Manchester" title="Portal:Greater Manchester">Greater Manchester portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Listed_buildings_in_Wigan" title="Listed buildings in Wigan">Listed buildings in Wigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Wigan" title="Coat of arms of Wigan">Coat of arms of Wigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Wigan" title="Mayor of Wigan">Mayor of Wigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earl_of_Crawford" title="Earl of Crawford">Earl of Crawford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mills_in_Wigan" title="List of mills in Wigan">List of mills in Wigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wigan_(fabric)" title="Wigan (fabric)">Wigan (fabric)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mining_disasters_in_Lancashire" title="List of mining disasters in Lancashire">List of mining disasters in Lancashire</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <p><b>Notes</b> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-auto-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-auto_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationestimates/datasets/understandingtownsinenglandandwalespopulationanddemography">"Understanding towns in England and Wales: population and demography - Office for National Statistics"</a>. <i>www.ons.gov.uk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ons.gov.uk&rft.atitle=Understanding+towns+in+England+and+Wales%3A+population+and+demography+-+Office+for+National+Statistics&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ons.gov.uk%2Fpeoplepopulationandcommunity%2Fpopulationandmigration%2Fpopulationestimates%2Fdatasets%2Funderstandingtownsinenglandandwalespopulationanddemography&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWigan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ons.gov.uk/file?uri=/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationestimates/datasets/populationestimatesforukenglandandwalesscotlandandnorthernireland/mid2022/mye22final.xlsx">"Mid-Year Population Estimates, UK, June 2022"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Office_for_National_Statistics" title="Office for National Statistics">Office for National Statistics</a></i>. 26 March 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Celtic+Wigan&rft.pub=Wigan+Archaeological+Society&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wiganarchsoc.co.uk%2Fhow.html%23Celtic&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWigan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWaddelove2001">Waddelove 2001</a>, p. 299.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.roman-britain.co.uk/places/coccium/"><i>Coccuim: Minor Romano-British Settlement: Wigan, Lancashire</i></a>, Roman-Britain</cite><span 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href="http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/publications/re-reference-tables.html?edition=tcm%3A77-211152">"Census 2001 Key Statistics – Urban area results by population size of urban area"</a>, <i>ons.gov.uk</i>, Office for National Statistics, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/census-2001-key-statistics/urban-area-results-by-population-size-of-urban-area/urban-area-results-by-population-size-of-urban-area-ks09a--economic-activity---all-people.xls">KS09a Economic activity – all people</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/ba/Page_white_excel.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></span></span><small></small>, 22 July 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 December</span> 2008</span></cite><span 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href="http://neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=7&b=276785&c=Wigan&d=13&e=16&g=356907&i=1001x1003x1004&o=1&m=0&r=1&s=1230722826559&enc=1&dsFamilyId=107"><i>Wigan Local Authority economic activity</i></a>, Statistics.gov.uk<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 December</span> 2008</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wigan+Local+Authority+economic+activity&rft.pub=Statistics.gov.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fneighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk%2Fdissemination%2FLeadTableView.do%3Fa%3D7%26b%3D276785%26c%3DWigan%26d%3D13%26e%3D16%26g%3D356907%26i%3D1001x1003x1004%26o%3D1%26m%3D0%26r%3D1%26s%3D1230722826559%26enc%3D1%26dsFamilyId%3D107&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWigan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120503103446/http://www.wigantoday.net/news/local-news/a-grand-opening-1-169824"><i>A Grand opening!</i></a>, WiganToday.net, 23 March 2007, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wigantoday.net/wigannews/A-Grand-opening.2143986.jp">the original</a> on 3 May 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 July</span> 2009</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Grand+opening%21&rft.pub=WiganToday.net&rft.date=2007-03-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wigantoday.net%2Fwigannews%2FA-Grand-opening.2143986.jp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWigan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/business/business-news/wigan-pier-regeneration-step-places-14537409">"Major plans for new Wigan Pier Quarter revealed"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Manchester_Evening_News" title="Manchester Evening News">Manchester Evening News</a>. 16 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Major+plans+for+new+Wigan+Pier+Quarter+revealed&rft.pub=Manchester+Evening+News&rft.date=2018-04-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.manchestereveningnews.co.uk%2Fbusiness%2Fbusiness-news%2Fwigan-pier-regeneration-step-places-14537409&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWigan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WPQ-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WPQ_54-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WPQ_54-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWigan_Metropolitan_Borough_Council2006" class="citation web cs1">Wigan Metropolitan Borough Council (January 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110921004205/http://www.wigan.gov.uk/NR/rdonlyres/2FBFC27A-26FC-4DDB-9E86-AD24A65E3503/0/PierQuarterIntroduction886kb.pdf">"The Wigan Pier Quarter: Planning and Regeneration Strategy"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Wigan.gov.uk. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wigan.gov.uk/NR/rdonlyres/2FBFC27A-26FC-4DDB-9E86-AD24A65E3503/0/PierQuarterIntroduction886kb.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 21 September 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 October</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Wigan+Pier+Quarter%3A+Planning+and+Regeneration+Strategy&rft.pub=Wigan.gov.uk&rft.date=2006-01&rft.au=Wigan+Metropolitan+Borough+Council&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wigan.gov.uk%2FNR%2Frdonlyres%2F2FBFC27A-26FC-4DDB-9E86-AD24A65E3503%2F0%2FPierQuarterIntroduction886kb.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWigan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wigan.gov.uk/Docs/PDF/Wigan-works/Developments/Wigan-Pier-Quarter-Vison-Desktop.pdf">"Wigan Pier Quarter Plan"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Wigan Council.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wigan+Pier+Quarter+Plan&rft.pub=Wigan+Council&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wigan.gov.uk%2FDocs%2FPDF%2FWigan-works%2FDevelopments%2FWigan-Pier-Quarter-Vison-Desktop.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWigan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wigan_Life_Centre_opens-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Wigan_Life_Centre_opens_56-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110927072553/http://www.wigantoday.net/news/first_peek_inside_life_centre_1_3779746">"First Peek inside Life Centre"</a>. <i>Wigan Observer</i>. 16 September 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wigantoday.net/news/first_peek_inside_life_centre_1_3779746">the original</a> on 27 September 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 November</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wigan+Observer&rft.atitle=First+Peek+inside+Life+Centre&rft.date=2011-09-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wigantoday.net%2Fnews%2Ffirst_peek_inside_life_centre_1_3779746&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWigan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wigan.gov.uk/News/Articles/2023/March/New-stars-announced.aspx">"New stars announced in borough's International Women's Day celebrations"</a>. <i>www.wigan.gov.uk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.wigan.gov.uk&rft.atitle=New+stars+announced+in+borough%27s+International+Women%27s+Day+celebrations&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wigan.gov.uk%2FNews%2FArticles%2F2023%2FMarch%2FNew-stars-announced.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWigan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wigantoday.net/news/people/wigan-youth-zone-gets-its-own-walk-of-fame-star-in-its-10th-anniversary-year-4166095">"Wigan Youth Zone gets its own walk of fame star in its 10th anniversary year"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wigan+Youth+Zone+gets+its+own+walk+of+fame+star+in+its+10th+anniversary+year&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wigantoday.net%2Fnews%2Fpeople%2Fwigan-youth-zone-gets-its-own-walk-of-fame-star-in-its-10th-anniversary-year-4166095&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWigan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120223075557/http://www.wigan.gov.uk/News/Archive/June2007/EasternGateway.htm"><i>Wigan's Eastern promise revealed</i></a>, Wigan.gov.uk, 15 June 2007, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wigan.gov.uk/News/Archive/June2007/EasternGateway.htm">the original</a> on 23 February 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 April</span> 2009</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wigan%27s+Eastern+promise+revealed&rft.pub=Wigan.gov.uk&rft.date=2007-06-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wigan.gov.uk%2FNews%2FArchive%2FJune2007%2FEasternGateway.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWigan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120503102913/http://www.wigantoday.net/news/local-news/tower-grand-plans-shelved-1-187677"><i>Tower Grand plans shelved</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/Wigan_Observer" class="mw-redirect" title="Wigan 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href="#cite_ref-MEN_WTC_62-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MEN_WTC_62-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames_Illingworth2018" class="citation news cs1">James Illingworth (30 October 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/greater-manchester-news/wigan-bus-station-high-street-15343732">"The developments changing Wigan town centre - including the opening of new £15.7m bus station"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Manchester_Evening_News" title="Manchester Evening News">Manchester Evening News</a>.</cite><span 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wigan+Today&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wigantoday.net%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWigan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations/wgn/details.html"><i>Station Facilities: Wigan North Western (WGN)</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Rail" title="National Rail">National Rail</a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 September</span> 2009</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Station+Facilities%3A+Wigan+North+Western+%28WGN%29&rft.pub=National+Rail&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalrail.co.uk%2Fstations%2Fwgn%2Fdetails.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWigan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations/WGW/details.html"><i>Station Facilities: Wigan Wallgate (WGW)</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Rail" title="National Rail">National Rail</a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 September</span> 2009</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Station+Facilities%3A+Wigan+Wallgate+%28WGW%29&rft.pub=National+Rail&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalrail.co.uk%2Fstations%2FWGW%2Fdetails.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWigan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationalrail.co.uk/stations/pem/details.html"><i>Station Facilities: Pemberton (PEM)</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Rail" title="National Rail">National Rail</a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 September</span> 2009</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Station+Facilities%3A+Pemberton+%28PEM%29&rft.pub=National+Rail&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalrail.co.uk%2Fstations%2Fpem%2Fdetails.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWigan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Stretch, E. K. (1978). <i>The tramways of Wigan</i>. MTMS, Manchester</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Leyland Society (2003). <i>The Leyland buses of Wigan Corporation</i>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9545216-0-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9545216-0-8">978-0-9545216-0-8</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110208224238/http://www.gmts.co.uk/explore/history/district_wigan.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Wigan Corporation Transport timeline" retrieved 6 July 2010"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gmts.co.uk/explore/history/district_wigan.html">the original</a> on 8 February 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%22Wigan+Corporation+Transport+timeline%22+retrieved+6+July+2010.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gmts.co.uk%2Fexplore%2Fhistory%2Fdistrict_wigan.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWigan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cbwmagazine.com/greater-manchesters-bee-network-takes-flight/">"Greater Manchester's Bee Network takes flight"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Coach_%26_Bus_Week" title="Coach & Bus Week">Coach & Bus Week</a></i>. Peterborough: Emap. 26 September 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 January</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Coach+%26+Bus+Week&rft.atitle=Greater+Manchester%27s+Bee+Network+takes+flight&rft.date=2023-09-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcbwmagazine.com%2Fgreater-manchesters-bee-network-takes-flight%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWigan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVesty2023" class="citation news cs1">Vesty, Helena (24 September 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/greater-manchester-news/up-330am-travel-first-revolutionary-27776553">"I got up at 3.30am to travel on the first revolutionary Bee Network bus... this is what it was like"</a>. <i>Manchester Evening News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 January</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Manchester+Evening+News&rft.atitle=I+got+up+at+3.30am+to+travel+on+the+first+revolutionary+Bee+Network+bus...+this+is+what+it+was+like&rft.date=2023-09-24&rft.aulast=Vesty&rft.aufirst=Helena&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.manchestereveningnews.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fgreater-manchester-news%2Fup-330am-travel-first-revolutionary-27776553&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWigan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nicholson-141"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nicholson_141-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nicholson_141-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><i>Nicholson's Waterways Guide, <b>3</b>, North</i>, Robert Nicholson publications, 1981, pp. 39–42, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-905522-48-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-905522-48-7"><bdi>978-0-905522-48-7</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nicholson%27s+Waterways+Guide%2C+3%2C+North&rft.pages=39-42&rft.pub=Robert+Nicholson+publications&rft.date=1981&rft.isbn=978-0-905522-48-7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWigan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <p><b>Bibliography</b> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCooper2005" class="citation cs2">Cooper, Glynis (2005), <i>Salford: An Illustrated History</i>, The Breedon Books Publishing Company, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85983-455-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85983-455-8"><bdi>978-1-85983-455-8</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Salford%3A+An+Illustrated+History&rft.pub=The+Breedon+Books+Publishing+Company&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-1-85983-455-8&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=Glynis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWigan" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFarrerBrownbill1911" class="citation cs2">Farrer, William; Brownbill, J (1911), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=41380">"Townships: Wigan"</a>, <i>A History of the County of Lancaster</i>, vol. 4, Victoria County History, pp. 68–78</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=A+History+of+the+County+of+Lancaster&rft.atitle=Townships%3A+Wigan&rft.volume=4&rft.pages=68-78&rft.date=1911&rft.aulast=Farrer&rft.aufirst=William&rft.au=Brownbill%2C+J&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.british-history.ac.uk%2Freport.aspx%3Fcompid%3D41380&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWigan" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrangopulo1977" class="citation cs2">Frangopulo, N. J. (1977), <i>Tradition in Action: The Historical Evolution of the Greater Manchester County</i>, EP Publishing, Wakefield, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7158-1203-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7158-1203-7"><bdi>978-0-7158-1203-7</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tradition+in+Action%3A+The+Historical+Evolution+of+the+Greater+Manchester+County&rft.pub=EP+Publishing%2C+Wakefield&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=978-0-7158-1203-7&rft.aulast=Frangopulo&rft.aufirst=N.+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWigan" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcNeilNevell2000" class="citation cs2">McNeil, R.; Nevell, M. (2000), <i>A Guide to the Industrial Archaeology of Greater Manchester</i>, Association for Industrial Archaeology, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9528930-3-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9528930-3-5"><bdi>978-0-9528930-3-5</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Guide+to+the+Industrial+Archaeology+of+Greater+Manchester&rft.pub=Association+for+Industrial+Archaeology&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-9528930-3-5&rft.aulast=McNeil&rft.aufirst=R.&rft.au=Nevell%2C+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWigan" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPollardPevsnerSharples2006" class="citation cs2">Pollard, Richard; Pevsner, Nikolaus; Sharples, Joseph (2006), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Dl_ghLUNVGsC&q=%22Mesnes+Park%22+Wigan&pg=PA75"><i>Lancashire: Liverpool and the Southwest</i></a>, Yale University Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-300-10910-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-300-10910-8"><bdi>978-0-300-10910-8</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lancashire%3A+Liverpool+and+the+Southwest&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-300-10910-8&rft.aulast=Pollard&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.au=Pevsner%2C+Nikolaus&rft.au=Sharples%2C+Joseph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDl_ghLUNVGsC%26q%3D%2522Mesnes%2BPark%2522%2BWigan%26pg%3DPA75&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWigan" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWaddelove2001" class="citation cs2">Waddelove, E. (2001), "The Location of Roman 'Coccium'?", <i>Britannia</i>, <b>32</b>, Society for the Promotion of Roman Studies: 299–304, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F526965">10.2307/526965</a>, <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/526965">526965</a>, <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:163569892">163569892</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Britannia&rft.atitle=The+Location+of+Roman+%27Coccium%27%3F&rft.volume=32&rft.pages=299-304&rft.date=2001&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A163569892%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F526965%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F526965&rft.aulast=Waddelove&rft.aufirst=E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWigan" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOxford_Archaeology_North2011" class="citation cs2">Oxford Archaeology North (2011), <i>Discovering Coccium: The Archaeology of Roman Wigan</i>, Oxford Archaeology Ltd, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-907686-03-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-907686-03-0"><bdi>978-1-907686-03-0</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Discovering+Coccium%3A+The+Archaeology+of+Roman+Wigan&rft.pub=Oxford+Archaeology+Ltd&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-907686-03-0&rft.au=Oxford+Archaeology+North&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWigan" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSinclair1882" class="citation book cs1">Sinclair, David (1882). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historywigan00sincgoog"><i>The History of Wigan (Volume 1)</i></a>. Kent and Co.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+History+of+Wigan+%28Volume+1%29&rft.pub=Kent+and+Co.&rft.date=1882&rft.aulast=Sinclair&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhistorywigan00sincgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWigan" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Wigan" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Wigan">Wigan</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Wigan#Q208143" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Wigan">Wigan</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wigan.gov.uk">wigan.gov.uk</a>, Wigan Council</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ceremonial_county_of_Greater_Manchester" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist vcard mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Greater_Manchester" title="Template:Greater Manchester"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Greater_Manchester" title="Template talk:Greater Manchester"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Greater_Manchester" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Greater Manchester"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ceremonial_county_of_Greater_Manchester" class="adr" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="category"><a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_counties_of_England" title="Ceremonial counties of England">Ceremonial county</a></span> of <span class="fn org region"><a href="/wiki/Greater_Manchester" title="Greater Manchester">Greater Manchester</a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><i><a href="/wiki/Portal:Greater_Manchester" title="Portal:Greater Manchester">Greater Manchester Portal</a></i></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Statutory City Region</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Manchester_Combined_Authority" title="Greater Manchester Combined Authority">Greater Manchester Combined Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Manchester_Statutory_City_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Greater Manchester Statutory City Region">Greater Manchester Statutory City Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Greater_Manchester" title="Mayor of Greater Manchester">Mayor of Greater Manchester</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Metropolitan districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manchester" title="Manchester">City of Manchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Salford" title="City of Salford">City of Salford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Borough_of_Bolton" title="Metropolitan Borough of Bolton">Metropolitan Borough of Bolton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Borough_of_Bury" title="Metropolitan Borough of Bury">Metropolitan Borough of Bury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Borough_of_Oldham" title="Metropolitan Borough of Oldham">Metropolitan Borough of Oldham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Borough_of_Rochdale" title="Metropolitan Borough of Rochdale">Metropolitan Borough of Rochdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Borough_of_Stockport" title="Metropolitan Borough of Stockport">Metropolitan Borough of Stockport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tameside" title="Tameside">Metropolitan Borough of Tameside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trafford" title="Trafford">Metropolitan Borough of Trafford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Borough_of_Wigan" title="Metropolitan Borough of Wigan">Metropolitan Borough of Wigan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major settlements<br />(cities in italics)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altrincham" title="Altrincham">Altrincham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashton-in-Makerfield" title="Ashton-in-Makerfield">Ashton-in-Makerfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashton-under-Lyne" title="Ashton-under-Lyne">Ashton-under-Lyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astley,_Greater_Manchester" title="Astley, Greater Manchester">Astley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atherton,_Greater_Manchester" title="Atherton, Greater Manchester">Atherton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audenshaw" title="Audenshaw">Audenshaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackrod" title="Blackrod">Blackrod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolton" title="Bolton">Bolton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bramhall" title="Bramhall">Bramhall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bredbury" title="Bredbury">Bredbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bury,_Greater_Manchester" title="Bury, Greater Manchester">Bury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chadderton" title="Chadderton">Chadderton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheadle,_Greater_Manchester" title="Cheadle, Greater Manchester">Cheadle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheadle_Hulme" title="Cheadle Hulme">Cheadle Hulme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chorlton-cum-Hardy" title="Chorlton-cum-Hardy">Chorlton-cum-Hardy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Didsbury" title="Didsbury">Didsbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denton,_Greater_Manchester" title="Denton, Greater Manchester">Denton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Droylsden" title="Droylsden">Droylsden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dukinfield" title="Dukinfield">Dukinfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eccles,_Greater_Manchester" title="Eccles, Greater Manchester">Eccles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Failsworth" title="Failsworth">Failsworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farnworth" title="Farnworth">Farnworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golborne" title="Golborne">Golborne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hale,_Greater_Manchester" title="Hale, Greater Manchester">Hale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hazel_Grove" title="Hazel Grove">Hazel Grove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heywood,_Greater_Manchester" title="Heywood, Greater Manchester">Heywood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindley,_Greater_Manchester" title="Hindley, Greater Manchester">Hindley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horwich" title="Horwich">Horwich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyde,_Greater_Manchester" title="Hyde, Greater Manchester">Hyde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ince-in-Makerfield" title="Ince-in-Makerfield">Ince-in-Makerfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irlam" title="Irlam">Irlam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kearsley" title="Kearsley">Kearsley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leigh,_Greater_Manchester" title="Leigh, Greater Manchester">Leigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Littleborough,_Greater_Manchester" title="Littleborough, Greater Manchester">Littleborough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Lever" title="Little Lever">Little Lever</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Manchester" title="Manchester">Manchester</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marple,_Greater_Manchester" title="Marple, Greater Manchester">Marple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middleton,_Greater_Manchester" title="Middleton, Greater Manchester">Middleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milnrow" title="Milnrow">Milnrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mossley" title="Mossley">Mossley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oldham" title="Oldham">Oldham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orrell,_Greater_Manchester" title="Orrell, Greater Manchester">Orrell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partington" title="Partington">Partington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pendlebury" title="Pendlebury">Pendlebury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prestwich" title="Prestwich">Prestwich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radcliffe,_Greater_Manchester" title="Radcliffe, Greater Manchester">Radcliffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramsbottom" title="Ramsbottom">Ramsbottom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reddish" title="Reddish">Reddish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rochdale" title="Rochdale">Rochdale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romiley" title="Romiley">Romiley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royton" title="Royton">Royton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sale,_Greater_Manchester" title="Sale, Greater Manchester">Sale</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Salford" title="Salford">Salford</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaw_and_Crompton" title="Shaw and Crompton">Shaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stalybridge" title="Stalybridge">Stalybridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standish,_Greater_Manchester" title="Standish, Greater Manchester">Standish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stockport" title="Stockport">Stockport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stretford" title="Stretford">Stretford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swinton,_Greater_Manchester" title="Swinton, Greater Manchester">Swinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tottington,_Greater_Manchester" title="Tottington, Greater Manchester">Tottington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyldesley" title="Tyldesley">Tyldesley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urmston" title="Urmston">Urmston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walkden" title="Walkden">Walkden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westhoughton" title="Westhoughton">Westhoughton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitefield,_Greater_Manchester" title="Whitefield, Greater Manchester">Whitefield</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worsley" title="Worsley">Worsley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wythenshawe" title="Wythenshawe">Wythenshawe</a><br /><i>See also:</i> <b><a href="/wiki/List_of_civil_parishes_in_Greater_Manchester" class="mw-redirect" title="List of civil parishes in Greater Manchester">List of civil parishes in Greater Manchester</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rivers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/River_Beal" title="River Beal">Beal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Bollin" title="River Bollin">Bollin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Croal" title="River Croal">Croal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Douglas,_Lancashire" title="River Douglas, Lancashire">Douglas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Etherow" title="River Etherow">Etherow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Goyt" title="River Goyt">Goyt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Irk" title="River Irk">Irk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Irwell" title="River Irwell">Irwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Medlock" title="River Medlock">Medlock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Mersey" title="River Mersey">Mersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Roch" title="River Roch">Roch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Spodden" title="River Spodden">Spodden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Tame,_Greater_Manchester" title="River Tame, Greater Manchester">Tame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Tib" title="River Tib">Tib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Tonge" title="River Tonge">Tonge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Canals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bridgewater_Canal" title="Bridgewater Canal">Bridgewater Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fletcher%27s_Canal" title="Fletcher's Canal">Fletcher's Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hulme_Locks_Branch_Canal" title="Hulme Locks Branch Canal">Hulme Locks Branch Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islington_Branch_Canal" title="Islington Branch Canal">Islington Branch Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchester_and_Salford_Junction_Canal" title="Manchester and Salford Junction Canal">Manchester and Salford Junction Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchester_Bolton_%26_Bury_Canal" title="Manchester Bolton & Bury Canal">Manchester Bolton & Bury Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchester_Ship_Canal" title="Manchester Ship Canal">Manchester Ship Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchester_Bolton_%26_Bury_Canal" title="Manchester Bolton & Bury Canal">Manchester Bolton & Bury Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchester_and_Salford_Junction_Canal" title="Manchester and Salford Junction Canal">Manchester and Salford Junction Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mersey_and_Irwell_Navigation" title="Mersey and Irwell Navigation">Mersey and Irwell Navigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peak_Forest_Canal" title="Peak Forest Canal">Peak Forest Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stockport_Branch_Canal" title="Stockport Branch Canal">Stockport Branch Canal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Parliamentary_constituencies_in_Greater_Manchester" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Parliamentary constituencies in Greater Manchester">Parliamentary constituencies and Members of Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Greater_Manchester" title="Crime in Greater Manchester">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycling_in_Manchester" class="mw-redirect" title="Cycling in Manchester">Cycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Greater_Manchester" title="Demographics of Greater Manchester">Demography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Greater_Manchester" title="List of people from Greater Manchester">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_public_art_in_Greater_Manchester" title="List of public art in Greater Manchester">Public art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_schools_in_Greater_Manchester" title="List of schools in Greater Manchester">Schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Greater_Manchester" title="Geography of Greater Manchester">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Manchester_County_Council" title="Greater Manchester County Council">Greater Manchester County Council</a> (1974–1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_in_Greater_Manchester" title="List of places in Greater Manchester">Places</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Greater_Manchester_settlements_by_population" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Greater Manchester settlements by population">Population of major settlements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_castles_in_Greater_Manchester" title="List of castles in Greater Manchester">Castles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_churches_in_Greater_Manchester" title="List of churches in Greater Manchester">Churches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Greater_Manchester" title="Flag of Greater Manchester">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_football_clubs_in_Greater_Manchester" title="List of football clubs in Greater Manchester">Football clubs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grade_I_listed_buildings_in_Greater_Manchester" title="Grade I listed buildings in Greater Manchester">Grade I listed buildings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grade_II*_listed_buildings_in_Greater_Manchester" title="Grade II* listed buildings in Greater Manchester">Grade II* listed buildings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mills_in_Greater_Manchester" title="List of mills in Greater Manchester">Mills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scheduled_monuments_in_Greater_Manchester" title="Scheduled monuments in Greater Manchester">Scheduled monuments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Sites_of_Special_Scientific_Interest_in_Greater_Manchester" title="List of Sites of Special Scientific Interest in Greater Manchester">SSSIs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Greater_Manchester" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Greater Manchester">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_Lieutenant_of_Greater_Manchester" title="Lord Lieutenant of Greater Manchester">Lord Lieutenant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Sheriff_of_Greater_Manchester" title="High Sheriff of Greater Manchester">High Sheriff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Greater_Manchester" title="List of museums in Greater Manchester">Museums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_of_interest_in_Greater_Manchester" title="List of places of interest in Greater Manchester">Places of interest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Manchester" title="Transport in Manchester">Transport</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transport_for_Greater_Manchester" title="Transport for Greater Manchester">Transport for Greater Manchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchester_Airport" title="Manchester Airport">Manchester Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchester_Metrolink" title="Manchester Metrolink">Manchester Metrolink</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Buildings_and_structures_in_Wigan_Borough,_England" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Buildings_and_structures_in_Wigan_Borough" title="Template:Buildings and structures in Wigan Borough"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Buildings_and_structures_in_Wigan_Borough" title="Template talk:Buildings and structures in Wigan Borough"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Buildings_and_structures_in_Wigan_Borough" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Buildings and structures in Wigan Borough"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Buildings_and_structures_in_Wigan_Borough,_England" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Buildings and structures in <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Borough_of_Wigan" title="Metropolitan Borough of Wigan">Wigan Borough</a>, England</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Buildings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abram_Council_Offices" title="Abram Council Offices">Abram Council Offices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astley_Green_Colliery_Museum" title="Astley Green Colliery Museum">Astley Green Colliery Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bedford_Hall" title="Bedford Hall">Bedford Hall, Leigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billinge_Hospital" title="Billinge Hospital">Billinge Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bispham_Hall" title="Bispham Hall">Bispham Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damhouse" title="Damhouse">Damhouse, Astley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garrett_Hall" title="Garrett Hall">Garrett Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haigh_Hall" title="Haigh Hall">Haigh Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindley_Town_Hall" title="Hindley Town Hall">Hindley Town Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ince-in-Makerfield_Town_Hall" title="Ince-in-Makerfield Town Hall">Ince-in-Makerfield Town Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leigh_Spinners" title="Leigh Spinners">Leigh Spinners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leigh_Town_Hall" title="Leigh Town Hall">Leigh Town Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mather_Lane_Mill" title="Mather Lane Mill">Mather Lane Mill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morleys_Hall" title="Morleys Hall">Morleys Hall, Astley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Wigan_Life" title="Museum of Wigan Life">Museum of Wigan Life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wigan_Town_Hall" title="Wigan Town Hall">Wigan Town Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trencherfield_Mill" title="Trencherfield Mill">Trencherfield Mill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wigan_Pier" title="Wigan Pier">Wigan Pier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winstanley_Hall" title="Winstanley Hall">Winstanley Hall</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="10" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wigan_Town_Hall_(geograph_3739878).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Wigan_Town_Hall_%28geograph_3739878%29.jpg/150px-Wigan_Town_Hall_%28geograph_3739878%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Wigan_Town_Hall_%28geograph_3739878%29.jpg/225px-Wigan_Town_Hall_%28geograph_3739878%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Wigan_Town_Hall_%28geograph_3739878%29.jpg/300px-Wigan_Town_Hall_%28geograph_3739878%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="722" /></a></span><br /><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Haigh_Hall_2000746.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Haigh_Hall_2000746.jpg/150px-Haigh_Hall_2000746.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Haigh_Hall_2000746.jpg/225px-Haigh_Hall_2000746.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Haigh_Hall_2000746.jpg/300px-Haigh_Hall_2000746.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a></span><br /><br /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Standish_st_wilfrids.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Standish_st_wilfrids.jpg/150px-Standish_st_wilfrids.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Standish_st_wilfrids.jpg/225px-Standish_st_wilfrids.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Standish_st_wilfrids.jpg/300px-Standish_st_wilfrids.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8223" data-file-height="10420" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Places of worship</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All_Saints%27_Church,_Wigan" title="All Saints' Church, Wigan">All Saints' Church, Wigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chowbent_Chapel" title="Chowbent Chapel">Chowbent Chapel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christ_Church,_Ince-in-Makerfield" title="Christ Church, Ince-in-Makerfield">Christ Church, Ince-in-Makerfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christ_Church,_Pennington" title="Christ Church, Pennington">Christ Church, Pennington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_David%27s_Church,_Haigh" title="St David's Church, Haigh">St David's Church, Haigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_George%27s_Church,_Tyldesley" title="St George's Church, Tyldesley">St George's Church, Tyldesley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_St_James_with_St_Thomas,_Poolstock" class="mw-redirect" title="Church of St James with St Thomas, Poolstock">St James and St Thomas, Poolstock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_John%27s_Church,_Wigan" title="St John's Church, Wigan">St John's Church, Wigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_John_the_Baptist%27s_Church,_Atherton" title="St John the Baptist's Church, Atherton">St John the Baptist's Church, Atherton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_John_the_Divine%27s_Church,_Pemberton" title="St John the Divine's Church, Pemberton">St John the Divine's Church, Pemberton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Joseph%27s_Roman_Catholic_Church,_Leigh" title="St Joseph's Roman Catholic Church, Leigh">St Joseph's Roman Catholic Church, Leigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Jude%27s_Church,_Wigan" title="St Jude's Church, Wigan">St Jude's Church, Wigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Mary_the_Virgin%27s_Church,_Leigh" title="St Mary the Virgin's Church, Leigh">St Mary the Virgin's Church, Leigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Mary%27s_Church,_Wigan" title="St Mary's Church, Wigan">St Mary's Church, Wigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Matthew%27s_Church,_Wigan" title="St Matthew's Church, Wigan">St Matthew's Church, Wigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Michael_and_All_Angels%27_Church,_Howe_Bridge" title="St Michael and All Angels' Church, Howe Bridge">St Michael and All Angels' Church, Howe Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_of_St_Oswald_and_St_Edmund_Arrowsmith" title="Catholic Church of St Oswald and St Edmund Arrowsmith">Catholic Church of St Oswald and St Edmund Arrowsmith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Peter%27s_Church,_Hindley" title="St Peter's Church, Hindley">St Peter's Church, Hindley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Peter%27s_Church,_Westleigh,_Greater_Manchester" title="St Peter's Church, Westleigh, Greater Manchester">St Peter's Church, Westleigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_Heart_Roman_Catholic_Church,_Hindsford" title="Sacred Heart Roman Catholic Church, Hindsford">Sacred Heart Roman Catholic Church, Hindsford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Stephen%27s_Church,_Astley" title="St Stephen's Church, Astley">St Stephen's Church, Astley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Stephen%27s_Church,_Whelley" title="St Stephen's Church, Whelley">St Stephen's Church, Whelley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Thomas%27_Church,_Ashton-in-Makerfield" title="St Thomas' Church, Ashton-in-Makerfield">St Thomas' Church, Ashton-in-Makerfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_St_Wilfrid,_Standish" class="mw-redirect" title="Church of St Wilfrid, Standish">St Wifrid's Church, Standish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyldesley_Top_Chapel" title="Tyldesley Top Chapel">Tyldesley Top Chapel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/St_John_Rigby_College,_Wigan" title="St John Rigby College, Wigan">St John Rigby College, Wigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_Technical_College_Wigan" title="University Technical College Wigan">University Technical College Wigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wigan_and_Leigh_College" title="Wigan and Leigh College">Wigan and Leigh College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winstanley_College" title="Winstanley College">Winstanley College</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Transportation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Viaduct" title="Adam Viaduct">Adam Viaduct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appley_Bridge_railway_station" title="Appley Bridge railway station">Appley Bridge railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atherton_railway_station" title="Atherton railway station">Atherton railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bryn_railway_station" title="Bryn railway station">Bryn railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gathurst_railway_station" title="Gathurst railway station">Gathurst railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gathurst_Viaduct" title="Gathurst Viaduct">Gathurst Viaduct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hag_Fold_railway_station" title="Hag Fold railway station">Hag Fold railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindley_railway_station" title="Hindley railway station">Hindley railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leigh_(Lancashire)_railway_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Leigh (Lancashire) railway station">Leigh railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lower_Ince_railway_station" title="Lower Ince railway station">Lower Ince railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orrell_railway_station" title="Orrell railway station">Orrell railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pemberton_railway_station" title="Pemberton railway station">Pemberton railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wigan_bus_station" title="Wigan bus station">Wigan bus station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wigan_North_Western_railway_station" title="Wigan North Western railway station">Wigan North Western railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wigan_Wallgate_railway_station" title="Wigan Wallgate railway station">Wigan Wallgate railway station</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Shopping complexes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Galleries_(Wigan)" title="The Galleries (Wigan)">The Galleries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Arcade_(Wigan)" title="Grand Arcade (Wigan)">Grand Arcade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sport and entertainment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brick_Community_Stadium" title="Brick Community Stadium">Brick Community Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edge_Hall_Road" title="Edge Hall Road">Edge Hall Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leigh_Sports_Village" title="Leigh Sports Village">Leigh Sports Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wigan_Casino" title="Wigan Casino">Wigan Casino</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mab%27s_Cross" title="Mab's Cross">Mab's Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesnes_Park,_Wigan" title="Mesnes Park, Wigan"> Mesnes Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wigan_Pier" title="Wigan Pier">Wigan Pier</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Demolished</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atherton_Hall,_Leigh" title="Atherton Hall, Leigh">Atherton Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barnfield_Mills" title="Barnfield Mills">Barnfield Mills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bedford_Colliery" title="Bedford Colliery">Bedford Colliery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bickershaw_Colliery" title="Bickershaw Colliery">Bickershaw Colliery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Park_(Wigan)" title="Central Park (Wigan)">Central Park stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaddock_Hall" title="Chaddock Hall">Chaddock Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gibfield_Colliery" title="Gibfield Colliery">Gibfield Colliery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hilton_Park_(stadium)" title="Hilton Park (stadium)">Hilton Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_Mill,_Pemberton" title="May Mill, Pemberton">May Mill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Town_Hall,_Wigan" title="Old Town Hall, Wigan">Old Town Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parsonage_Colliery" title="Parsonage Colliery">Parsonage Colliery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pennington_railway_station" title="Pennington railway station">Pennington railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Springfield_Park_(Wigan)" title="Springfield Park (Wigan)">Springfield Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standish_Hall" title="Standish Hall">Standish Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyldesley_railway_station" title="Tyldesley railway station">Tyldesley railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westleigh_railway_station" title="Westleigh railway station">Westleigh railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wigan_Central_railway_station" title="Wigan Central railway station">Wigan Central railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wigan_Darlington_Street_railway_station" title="Wigan Darlington Street railway station">Wigan Darlington Street railway station</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_schools_in_Wigan" title="List of schools in Wigan">List of schools in Wigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mills_in_Wigan" title="List of mills in Wigan">List of mills in Wigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_collieries_in_Lancashire_since_1854" title="List of collieries in Lancashire since 1854">List of collieries in Lancashire since 1854</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_collieries_in_Lancashire_since_1854#Wigan_area" title="List of collieries in Lancashire since 1854">Wigan area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_collieries_in_Lancashire_since_1854#Leigh_area" title="List of collieries in Lancashire since 1854">Leigh area</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Listed buildings in</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Listed_buildings_in_Abram,_Greater_Manchester" title="Listed buildings in Abram, Greater Manchester">Abram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Listed_buildings_in_Ashton-in-Makerfield" title="Listed buildings in Ashton-in-Makerfield">Ashton-in-Makerfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Listed_buildings_in_Aspull" title="Listed buildings in Aspull">Aspull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Listed_buildings_in_Astley,_Greater_Manchester" title="Listed buildings in Astley, Greater Manchester">Astley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Listed_buildings_in_Atherton,_Greater_Manchester" title="Listed buildings in Atherton, Greater Manchester">Atherton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Listed_buildings_in_Billinge_and_Winstanley" title="Listed buildings in Billinge and Winstanley">Billinge and Winstanley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Listed_buildings_in_Golborne" title="Listed buildings in Golborne">Golborne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Listed_buildings_in_Haigh,_Greater_Manchester" title="Listed buildings in Haigh, Greater Manchester">Haigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Listed_buildings_in_Hindley,_Greater_Manchester" title="Listed buildings in Hindley, Greater Manchester">Hindley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Listed_buildings_in_Ince-in-Makerfield" title="Listed buildings in Ince-in-Makerfield">Ince</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Listed_buildings_in_Leigh,_Greater_Manchester" title="Listed buildings in Leigh, Greater Manchester">Leigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Listed_buildings_in_Orrell,_Greater_Manchester" title="Listed buildings in Orrell, Greater Manchester">Orrell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Listed_buildings_in_Shevington" title="Listed buildings in Shevington">Shevington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Listed_buildings_in_Standish,_Greater_Manchester" title="Listed buildings in Standish, Greater Manchester">Standish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Listed_buildings_in_Tyldesley" title="Listed buildings in Tyldesley">Tyldesley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Listed_buildings_in_Wigan" title="Listed buildings in Wigan">Wigan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Listed_buildings_in_Worthington,_Greater_Manchester" title="Listed buildings in Worthington, Greater Manchester">Worthington</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style 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class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208143#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/316601174">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJyCD774QWybB4RjM6BF8C">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/7666037-0">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n83052640">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Wigan (Anglie)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge1086263&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000297823&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007552977205171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/719ad60b-f32b-4eea-a968-6e4e4975a5c3">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" 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