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Git - Dulwich
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<input id="search-text" name="search" placeholder="Type / to search entire site…" autocomplete="off" type="text" /> </form> <div id="search-results"></div> </header> </div> <div class="inner"> <div id="content-wrapper"> <div tabindex="1" class="sidebar-btn"></div> <aside class="sidebar" id="sidebar"> <nav> <ul> <li> <a href="/about">About</a> <ul> </ul> </li> <li> <a href="/doc" class="active">Documentation</a> <ul class="expanded"> <li> <a href="/docs">Reference</a> </li> <li> <a href="/book" class="active">Book</a> </li> <li> <a href="/videos">Videos</a> </li> <li> <a href="/doc/ext">External Links</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <a href="/downloads">Downloads</a> <ul > <li> <a href="/downloads/guis">GUI Clients</a> </li> <li> <a href="/downloads/logos">Logos</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <a href="/community">Community</a> </li> </ul> <hr class="sidebar"> <p> This book is available in <a href="/book/en/v2/Appendix-B:-Embedding-Git-in-your-Applications-Dulwich">English</a>. </p> <p> Full translation available in <table> <tr><td><a href="/book/az/v2/Appendix-B:-Proqramlara-Git-Daxil-Etm%c9%99k-Dulwich">azərbaycan dili</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/bg">български език</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/de/v2/Anhang-B:-Git-in-deine-Anwendungen-einbetten-Dulwich">Deutsch</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/es">Español</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/fr/v2/Annexe-B:-Embarquer-Git-dans-vos-applications-Dulwich">Français</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/gr">Ελληνικά</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/ja">日本語</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/ko">한국어</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/nl/v2/Bijlage-B:-Git-in-je-applicaties-inbouwen-Dulwich">Nederlands</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/ru/v2/%d0%9f%d1%80%d0%b8%d0%bb%d0%be%d0%b6%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%b8%d0%b5-B:-%d0%92%d1%81%d1%82%d1%80%d0%b0%d0%b8%d0%b2%d0%b0%d0%bd%d0%b8%d0%b5-Git-%d0%b2-%d0%b2%d0%b0%d1%88%d0%b8-%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%b8%d0%bb%d0%be%d0%b6%d0%b5%d0%bd%d0%b8%d1%8f-Dulwich">Русский</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/sl/v2/Dodatek-B:-Vdelava-Gita-v-va%c5%a1o-aplikacijo-Dulwich">Slovenščina</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/tl">Tagalog</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/uk">Українська</a></td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/zh/v2/%e9%99%84%e5%bd%95-B:-%e5%9c%a8%e4%bd%a0%e7%9a%84%e5%ba%94%e7%94%a8%e4%b8%ad%e5%b5%8c%e5%85%a5-Git-Dulwich">简体中文</a>,</td></tr> </table> </p> <p> Partial translations available in <table> <tr><td><a href="/book/cs">Čeština</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/mk">Македонски</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/pl">Polski</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/sr/v2/%d0%94%d0%be%d0%b4%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%ba-%d0%91:-%d0%a3%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d1%92%d0%b8%d0%b2%d0%b0%d1%9a%d0%b5-%d0%bf%d1%80%d0%be%d0%b3%d1%80%d0%b0%d0%bc%d0%b0-%d0%93%d0%b8%d1%82-%d1%83-%d0%b2%d0%b0%d1%88%d0%b5-%d0%b0%d0%bf%d0%bb%d0%b8%d0%ba%d0%b0%d1%86%d0%b8%d1%98%d0%b5-Dulwich">Српски</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/uz">Ўзбекча</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/zh-tw">繁體中文</a>,</td></tr> </table> </p> <p> Translations started for <table> <tr><td><a href="/book/be/v2/%d0%94%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%ba-B:-Embedding-Git-in-your-Applications-Dulwich">Беларуская</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/fa/v2/%d9%be%db%8c%d9%88%d8%b3%d8%aa-B:-Embedding-Git-in-your-Applications-Dulwich" dir="rtl">فارسی</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/id">Indonesian</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/it">Italiano</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/ms/v2/Appendix-B:-Embedding-Git-in-your-Applications-Dulwich">Bahasa Melayu</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/pt-br">Português (Brasil)</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/pt-pt">Português (Portugal)</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/sv/v2/Bilaga-B:-Embedding-Git-in-your-Applications-Dulwich">Svenska</a>,</td></tr> <tr><td><a href="/book/tr/v2/Ek-b%c3%b6l%c3%bcm-B:-Git%e2%80%99i-Uygulamalar%c4%b1n%c4%b1za-G%c3%b6mmek-Dulwich">Türkçe</a>.</td></tr> </table> </p> <hr class="sidebar"/> <p> The source of this book is <a href="https://github.com/progit/progit2-be">hosted on GitHub.</a></br> Patches, suggestions and comments are welcome. </p> </nav> </aside> <div id="content"> <div id="book-chapters"> <a class="dropdown-trigger" id="book-chapters-trigger" data-panel-id="chapters-dropdown" href="#">Chapters ▾</a> <div class='dropdown-panel' id='chapters-dropdown'> <div class='three-column'> <div class="column-left"> <ol class='book-toc'> <li class='chapter'> <h2>1. <a href="/book/be/v2/%d0%9f%d0%b5%d1%80%d1%88%d1%8b%d1%8f-%d0%ba%d1%80%d0%be%d0%ba%d1%96-About-Version-Control">Першыя крокі</a></h2> <ol> <li> 1.1 <a href="/book/be/v2/%d0%9f%d0%b5%d1%80%d1%88%d1%8b%d1%8f-%d0%ba%d1%80%d0%be%d0%ba%d1%96-About-Version-Control">About Version Control</a> </li> <li> 1.2 <a href="/book/be/v2/%d0%9f%d0%b5%d1%80%d1%88%d1%8b%d1%8f-%d0%ba%d1%80%d0%be%d0%ba%d1%96-A-Short-History-of-Git">A Short History of Git</a> </li> <li> 1.3 <a href="/book/be/v2/%d0%9f%d0%b5%d1%80%d1%88%d1%8b%d1%8f-%d0%ba%d1%80%d0%be%d0%ba%d1%96-What-is-Git%3F">What is Git?</a> </li> <li> 1.4 <a href="/book/be/v2/%d0%9f%d0%b5%d1%80%d1%88%d1%8b%d1%8f-%d0%ba%d1%80%d0%be%d0%ba%d1%96-The-Command-Line">The Command Line</a> </li> <li> 1.5 <a href="/book/be/v2/%d0%9f%d0%b5%d1%80%d1%88%d1%8b%d1%8f-%d0%ba%d1%80%d0%be%d0%ba%d1%96-Installing-Git">Installing Git</a> </li> <li> 1.6 <a href="/book/be/v2/%d0%9f%d0%b5%d1%80%d1%88%d1%8b%d1%8f-%d0%ba%d1%80%d0%be%d0%ba%d1%96-First-Time-Git-Setup">First-Time Git Setup</a> </li> <li> 1.7 <a href="/book/be/v2/%d0%9f%d0%b5%d1%80%d1%88%d1%8b%d1%8f-%d0%ba%d1%80%d0%be%d0%ba%d1%96-Getting-Help">Getting Help</a> </li> <li> 1.8 <a href="/book/be/v2/%d0%9f%d0%b5%d1%80%d1%88%d1%8b%d1%8f-%d0%ba%d1%80%d0%be%d0%ba%d1%96-%d0%9f%d0%b0%d0%b4%d1%81%d1%83%d0%bc%d0%b0%d0%b2%d0%b0%d0%bd%d1%8c%d0%bd%d0%b5">Падсумаваньне</a> </li> </ol> </li> <li class='chapter'> <h2>2. <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-Basics-Getting-a-Git-Repository">Git Basics</a></h2> <ol> <li> 2.1 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-Basics-Getting-a-Git-Repository">Getting a Git Repository</a> </li> <li> 2.2 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-Basics-Recording-Changes-to-the-Repository">Recording Changes to the Repository</a> </li> <li> 2.3 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-Basics-Viewing-the-Commit-History">Viewing the Commit History</a> </li> <li> 2.4 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-Basics-Undoing-Things">Undoing Things</a> </li> <li> 2.5 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-Basics-Working-with-Remotes">Working with Remotes</a> </li> <li> 2.6 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-Basics-Tagging">Tagging</a> </li> <li> 2.7 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-Basics-Git-Aliases">Git Aliases</a> </li> <li> 2.8 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-Basics-Summary">Summary</a> </li> </ol> </li> <li class='chapter'> <h2>3. <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-Branching-Branches-in-a-Nutshell">Git Branching</a></h2> <ol> <li> 3.1 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-Branching-Branches-in-a-Nutshell">Branches in a Nutshell</a> </li> <li> 3.2 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-Branching-Basic-Branching-and-Merging">Basic Branching and Merging</a> </li> <li> 3.3 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-Branching-Branch-Management">Branch Management</a> </li> <li> 3.4 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-Branching-Branching-Workflows">Branching Workflows</a> </li> <li> 3.5 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-Branching-Remote-Branches">Remote Branches</a> </li> <li> 3.6 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-Branching-Rebasing">Rebasing</a> </li> <li> 3.7 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-Branching-Summary">Summary</a> </li> </ol> </li> <li class='chapter'> <h2>4. <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-on-the-Server-The-Protocols">Git on the Server</a></h2> <ol> <li> 4.1 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-on-the-Server-The-Protocols">The Protocols</a> </li> <li> 4.2 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-on-the-Server-Getting-Git-on-a-Server">Getting Git on a Server</a> </li> <li> 4.3 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-on-the-Server-Generating-Your-SSH-Public-Key">Generating Your SSH Public Key</a> </li> <li> 4.4 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-on-the-Server-Setting-Up-the-Server">Setting Up the Server</a> </li> <li> 4.5 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-on-the-Server-Git-Daemon">Git Daemon</a> </li> <li> 4.6 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-on-the-Server-Smart-HTTP">Smart HTTP</a> </li> <li> 4.7 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-on-the-Server-GitWeb">GitWeb</a> </li> <li> 4.8 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-on-the-Server-GitLab">GitLab</a> </li> <li> 4.9 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-on-the-Server-Third-Party-Hosted-Options">Third Party Hosted Options</a> </li> <li> 4.10 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-on-the-Server-Summary">Summary</a> </li> </ol> </li> <li class='chapter'> <h2>5. <a href="/book/be/v2/Distributed-Git-Distributed-Workflows">Distributed Git</a></h2> <ol> <li> 5.1 <a href="/book/be/v2/Distributed-Git-Distributed-Workflows">Distributed Workflows</a> </li> <li> 5.2 <a href="/book/be/v2/Distributed-Git-Contributing-to-a-Project">Contributing to a Project</a> </li> <li> 5.3 <a href="/book/be/v2/Distributed-Git-Maintaining-a-Project">Maintaining a Project</a> </li> <li> 5.4 <a href="/book/be/v2/Distributed-Git-Summary">Summary</a> </li> </ol> </li> </ol> </div> <div class='column-middle'> <ol class='book-toc'> <li class='chapter'> <h2>6. <a href="/book/be/v2/GitHub-Account-Setup-and-Configuration">GitHub</a></h2> <ol> <li> 6.1 <a href="/book/be/v2/GitHub-Account-Setup-and-Configuration">Account Setup and Configuration</a> </li> <li> 6.2 <a href="/book/be/v2/GitHub-Contributing-to-a-Project">Contributing to a Project</a> </li> <li> 6.3 <a href="/book/be/v2/GitHub-Maintaining-a-Project">Maintaining a Project</a> </li> <li> 6.4 <a href="/book/be/v2/GitHub-Managing-an-organization">Managing an organization</a> </li> <li> 6.5 <a href="/book/be/v2/GitHub-Scripting-GitHub">Scripting GitHub</a> </li> <li> 6.6 <a href="/book/be/v2/GitHub-Summary">Summary</a> </li> </ol> </li> <li class='chapter'> <h2>7. <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-Tools-Revision-Selection">Git Tools</a></h2> <ol> <li> 7.1 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-Tools-Revision-Selection">Revision Selection</a> </li> <li> 7.2 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-Tools-Interactive-Staging">Interactive Staging</a> </li> <li> 7.3 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-Tools-Stashing-and-Cleaning">Stashing and Cleaning</a> </li> <li> 7.4 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-Tools-Signing-Your-Work">Signing Your Work</a> </li> <li> 7.5 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-Tools-Searching">Searching</a> </li> <li> 7.6 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-Tools-Rewriting-History">Rewriting History</a> </li> <li> 7.7 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-Tools-Reset-Demystified">Reset Demystified</a> </li> <li> 7.8 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-Tools-Advanced-Merging">Advanced Merging</a> </li> <li> 7.9 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-Tools-Rerere">Rerere</a> </li> <li> 7.10 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-Tools-Debugging-with-Git">Debugging with Git</a> </li> <li> 7.11 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-Tools-Submodules">Submodules</a> </li> <li> 7.12 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-Tools-Bundling">Bundling</a> </li> <li> 7.13 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-Tools-Replace">Replace</a> </li> <li> 7.14 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-Tools-Credential-Storage">Credential Storage</a> </li> <li> 7.15 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-Tools-Summary">Summary</a> </li> </ol> </li> <li class='chapter'> <h2>8. <a href="/book/be/v2/Customizing-Git-Git-Configuration">Customizing Git</a></h2> <ol> <li> 8.1 <a href="/book/be/v2/Customizing-Git-Git-Configuration">Git Configuration</a> </li> <li> 8.2 <a href="/book/be/v2/Customizing-Git-Git-Attributes">Git Attributes</a> </li> <li> 8.3 <a href="/book/be/v2/Customizing-Git-Git-Hooks">Git Hooks</a> </li> <li> 8.4 <a href="/book/be/v2/Customizing-Git-An-Example-Git-Enforced-Policy">An Example Git-Enforced Policy</a> </li> <li> 8.5 <a href="/book/be/v2/Customizing-Git-Summary">Summary</a> </li> </ol> </li> <li class='chapter'> <h2>9. <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-and-Other-Systems-Git-as-a-Client">Git and Other Systems</a></h2> <ol> <li> 9.1 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-and-Other-Systems-Git-as-a-Client">Git as a Client</a> </li> <li> 9.2 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-and-Other-Systems-Migrating-to-Git">Migrating to Git</a> </li> <li> 9.3 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-and-Other-Systems-Summary">Summary</a> </li> </ol> </li> <li class='chapter'> <h2>10. <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-Internals-Plumbing-and-Porcelain">Git Internals</a></h2> <ol> <li> 10.1 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-Internals-Plumbing-and-Porcelain">Plumbing and Porcelain</a> </li> <li> 10.2 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-Internals-Git-Objects">Git Objects</a> </li> <li> 10.3 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-Internals-Git-References">Git References</a> </li> <li> 10.4 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-Internals-Packfiles">Packfiles</a> </li> <li> 10.5 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-Internals-The-Refspec">The Refspec</a> </li> <li> 10.6 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-Internals-Transfer-Protocols">Transfer Protocols</a> </li> <li> 10.7 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-Internals-Maintenance-and-Data-Recovery">Maintenance and Data Recovery</a> </li> <li> 10.8 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-Internals-Environment-Variables">Environment Variables</a> </li> <li> 10.9 <a href="/book/be/v2/Git-Internals-Summary">Summary</a> </li> </ol> </li> </ol> </div> <div class='column-right'> <ol class='book-toc'> <li class='chapter'> <h2>A1. <a href="/book/be/v2/%d0%94%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%ba-A:-Git-in-Other-Environments-Graphical-Interfaces">Дадатак A: Git in Other Environments</a></h2> <ol> <li> A1.1 <a href="/book/be/v2/%d0%94%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%ba-A:-Git-in-Other-Environments-Graphical-Interfaces">Graphical Interfaces</a> </li> <li> A1.2 <a href="/book/be/v2/%d0%94%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%ba-A:-Git-in-Other-Environments-Git-in-Visual-Studio">Git in Visual Studio</a> </li> <li> A1.3 <a href="/book/be/v2/%d0%94%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%ba-A:-Git-in-Other-Environments-Git-in-Visual-Studio-Code">Git in Visual Studio Code</a> </li> <li> A1.4 <a href="/book/be/v2/%d0%94%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%ba-A:-Git-in-Other-Environments-Git-in-IntelliJ-/-PyCharm-/-WebStorm-/-PhpStorm-/-RubyMine">Git in IntelliJ / PyCharm / WebStorm / PhpStorm / RubyMine</a> </li> <li> A1.5 <a href="/book/be/v2/%d0%94%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%ba-A:-Git-in-Other-Environments-Git-in-Sublime-Text">Git in Sublime Text</a> </li> <li> A1.6 <a href="/book/be/v2/%d0%94%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%ba-A:-Git-in-Other-Environments-Git-in-Bash">Git in Bash</a> </li> <li> A1.7 <a href="/book/be/v2/%d0%94%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%ba-A:-Git-in-Other-Environments-Git-in-Zsh">Git in Zsh</a> </li> <li> A1.8 <a href="/book/be/v2/%d0%94%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%ba-A:-Git-in-Other-Environments-Git-in-PowerShell">Git in PowerShell</a> </li> <li> A1.9 <a href="/book/be/v2/%d0%94%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%ba-A:-Git-in-Other-Environments-Summary">Summary</a> </li> </ol> </li> <li class='chapter'> <h2>A2. <a href="/book/be/v2/%d0%94%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%ba-B:-Embedding-Git-in-your-Applications-Command-line-Git">Дадатак B: Embedding Git in your Applications</a></h2> <ol> <li> A2.1 <a href="/book/be/v2/%d0%94%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%ba-B:-Embedding-Git-in-your-Applications-Command-line-Git">Command-line Git</a> </li> <li> A2.2 <a href="/book/be/v2/%d0%94%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%ba-B:-Embedding-Git-in-your-Applications-Libgit2">Libgit2</a> </li> <li> A2.3 <a href="/book/be/v2/%d0%94%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%ba-B:-Embedding-Git-in-your-Applications-JGit">JGit</a> </li> <li> A2.4 <a href="/book/be/v2/%d0%94%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%ba-B:-Embedding-Git-in-your-Applications-go-git">go-git</a> </li> <li> A2.5 <a href="/book/be/v2/%d0%94%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%ba-B:-Embedding-Git-in-your-Applications-Dulwich" class="active">Dulwich</a> </li> </ol> </li> <li class='chapter'> <h2>A3. <a href="/book/be/v2/%d0%94%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%ba-C:-Git-Commands-Setup-and-Config">Дадатак C: Git Commands</a></h2> <ol> <li> A3.1 <a href="/book/be/v2/%d0%94%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%ba-C:-Git-Commands-Setup-and-Config">Setup and Config</a> </li> <li> A3.2 <a href="/book/be/v2/%d0%94%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%ba-C:-Git-Commands-Getting-and-Creating-Projects">Getting and Creating Projects</a> </li> <li> A3.3 <a href="/book/be/v2/%d0%94%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%ba-C:-Git-Commands-Basic-Snapshotting">Basic Snapshotting</a> </li> <li> A3.4 <a href="/book/be/v2/%d0%94%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%ba-C:-Git-Commands-Branching-and-Merging">Branching and Merging</a> </li> <li> A3.5 <a href="/book/be/v2/%d0%94%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%ba-C:-Git-Commands-Sharing-and-Updating-Projects">Sharing and Updating Projects</a> </li> <li> A3.6 <a href="/book/be/v2/%d0%94%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%ba-C:-Git-Commands-Inspection-and-Comparison">Inspection and Comparison</a> </li> <li> A3.7 <a href="/book/be/v2/%d0%94%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%ba-C:-Git-Commands-Debugging">Debugging</a> </li> <li> A3.8 <a href="/book/be/v2/%d0%94%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%ba-C:-Git-Commands-Patching">Patching</a> </li> <li> A3.9 <a href="/book/be/v2/%d0%94%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%ba-C:-Git-Commands-Email">Email</a> </li> <li> A3.10 <a href="/book/be/v2/%d0%94%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%ba-C:-Git-Commands-External-Systems">External Systems</a> </li> <li> A3.11 <a href="/book/be/v2/%d0%94%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%ba-C:-Git-Commands-Administration">Administration</a> </li> <li> A3.12 <a href="/book/be/v2/%d0%94%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%b0%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%ba-C:-Git-Commands-Plumbing-Commands">Plumbing Commands</a> </li> </ol> </li> </ol> </div> </div> </div> <span class="light" id="edition"> 2nd Edition </span> </div> <div id="main" data-pagefind-filter="category:book" data-pagefind-meta="category:Book" data-pagefind-weight="0.05" data-pagefind-body class="book edition2"> <h1>A2.5 Дадатак B: Embedding Git in your Applications - Dulwich</h1> <div> <h2 id="_dulwich">Dulwich</h2> <div class="paragraph"> <p> There is also a pure-Python Git implementation - Dulwich. The project is hosted under <a href="https://www.dulwich.io/" class="bare">https://www.dulwich.io/</a> It aims to provide an interface to git repositories (both local and remote) that doesn’t call out to git directly but instead uses pure Python. It has an optional C extensions though, that significantly improve the performance.</p> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>Dulwich follows git design and separate two basic levels of API: plumbing and porcelain.</p> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>Here is an example of using the lower level API to access the commit message of the last commit:</p> </div> <div class="listingblock"> <div class="content"> <pre class="highlight"><code class="language-python" data-lang="python">from dulwich.repo import Repo r = Repo('.') r.head() # '57fbe010446356833a6ad1600059d80b1e731e15' c = r[r.head()] c # <Commit 015fc1267258458901a94d228e39f0a378370466> c.message # 'Add note about encoding.\n'</code></pre> </div> </div> <div class="paragraph"> <p>To print a commit log using high-level porcelain API, one can use:</p> </div> <div class="listingblock"> <div class="content"> <pre class="highlight"><code class="language-python" data-lang="python">from dulwich import porcelain porcelain.log('.', max_entries=1) #commit: 57fbe010446356833a6ad1600059d80b1e731e15 #Author: Jelmer Vernooij <jelmer@jelmer.uk> #Date: Sat Apr 29 2017 23:57:34 +0000</code></pre> </div> </div> <div class="sect3"> <h3 id="_further_reading_4">Further Reading</h3> <div class="ulist"> <ul> <li> <p>The official API documentation is available at <a href="https://www.dulwich.io/docs/api/" class="bare">https://www.dulwich.io/docs/api/</a>.</p> </li> <li> <p>Official tutorial at <a href="https://www.dulwich.io/docs/tutorial" class="bare">https://www.dulwich.io/docs/tutorial</a> has many examples of how to do specific tasks with Dulwich.</p> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="nav"><a href="/book/be/v2/Дадатак-B:-Embedding-Git-in-your-Applications-go-git">prev</a> | <a href="/book/be/v2/Дадатак-C:-Git-Commands-Setup-and-Config">next</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <footer> <div class="site-source"> <a href="/site">About this site</a><br> Patches, suggestions, and comments are welcome. </div> <div class="sfc-member"> Git is a member of <a href="/sfc">Software Freedom Conservancy</a> </div> </footer> <a href="#top" class="no-js scrollToTop" id="scrollToTop" data-label="Scroll to top"> <img src="/images/icons/chevron-up@2x.png" width="20" height="20" alt="scroll-to-top"/> </a> <script src="/js/jquery-1.7.1.min.js"></script> <script src="/js/jquery-ui-1.8.18.custom.min.js"></script> <script src="/js/jquery.defaultvalue.js"></script> <script src="/js/session.min.js"></script> <script src="/js/application.min.js"></script> </div> </body> </html>