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class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%84%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Софтуерно осигуряване на качеството – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Софтуерно осигуряване на качеството" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_de_qualitat_del_programari" title="Control de qualitat del programari – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Control de qualitat del programari" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B6%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86_%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%81%DB%8C%D8%AA_%D9%86%D8%B1%D9%85%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="تضمین کیفیت نرم‌افزار – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تضمین کیفیت نرم‌افزار" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assurance_qualit%C3%A9_logicielle" title="Assurance qualité logicielle – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Assurance qualité logicielle" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%86%8C%ED%94%84%ED%8A%B8%EC%9B%A8%EC%96%B4_%ED%92%88%EC%A7%88%EB%B3%B4%EC%A6%9D" title="소프트웨어 품질보증 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="소프트웨어 품질보증" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%91%D7%98%D7%97%D7%AA_%D7%90%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%94" title="הבטחת איכות תוכנה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הבטחת איכות תוכנה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programmat%C5%ABras_kvalit%C4%81tes_nodro%C5%A1in%C4%81%C5%A1ana" title="Programmatūras kvalitātes nodrošināšana – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Programmatūras kvalitātes nodrošināšana" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%BD%E3%83%95%E3%83%88%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A7%E3%82%A2%E5%93%81%E8%B3%AA%E4%BF%9D%E8%A8%BC" title="ソフトウェア品質保証 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ソフトウェア品質保証" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zarz%C4%85dzanie_jako%C5%9Bci%C4%85_oprogramowania" title="Zarządzanie jakością oprogramowania – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Zarządzanie jakością oprogramowania" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Обеспечение качества программного обеспечения – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Обеспечение качества программного обеспечения" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F%E4%BF%9D%E8%AF%81" title="软件质量保证 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="软件质量保证" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span 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.sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/IEEE" class="mw-redirect" title="IEEE">IEEE</a> software life cycle</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Software_project_management" title="Software project management">Software project management</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Software quality assurance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_requirements_specification" title="Software requirements specification">Software requirements specification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_configuration_management" title="Software configuration management">Software configuration management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_design_description" title="Software design description">Software design description</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_test_documentation" title="Software test documentation">Software test documentation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_verification_and_validation" title="Software verification and validation">Software verification and validation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_user_documentation" class="mw-redirect" title="Software user documentation">Software user documentation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_reviews_and_audit" class="mw-redirect" title="Software reviews and audit">Software reviews and audit</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:IEEE_software_documents" title="Template:IEEE software documents"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:IEEE_software_documents" title="Template talk:IEEE software documents"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:IEEE_software_documents" title="Special:EditPage/Template:IEEE software documents"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Software quality assurance</b> (<b>SQA</b>) is a means and practice of monitoring all <a href="/wiki/Software_engineering" title="Software engineering">software engineering</a> <a href="/wiki/Software_development_process" title="Software development process">processes</a>, methods, and work products to ensure compliance against defined standards.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It may include ensuring conformance to standards or models, such as <a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_9126" title="ISO/IEC 9126">ISO/IEC 9126</a> (now superseded by ISO 25010), <a href="/wiki/Software_Process_Improvement_and_Capability_dEtermination" class="mw-redirect" title="Software Process Improvement and Capability dEtermination">SPICE</a> or <a href="/wiki/CMMI" class="mw-redirect" title="CMMI">CMMI</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It includes standards and procedures that managers, administrators or developers may use to review and audit software products and activities to verify that the software meets quality criteria which link to standards. </p><p>SQA encompasses the entire <a href="/wiki/Software_development" title="Software development">software development</a> process, including <a href="/wiki/Requirements_engineering" title="Requirements engineering">requirements engineering</a>, <a href="/wiki/Software_design" title="Software design">software design</a>, <a href="/wiki/Computer_programming" title="Computer programming">coding</a>, <a href="/wiki/Code_review" title="Code review">code reviews</a>, <a href="/wiki/Revision_control" class="mw-redirect" title="Revision control">source code control</a>, <a href="/wiki/Software_configuration_management" title="Software configuration management">software configuration management</a>, <a href="/wiki/Software_testing" title="Software testing">testing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Release_management" title="Release management">release management</a> and <a href="/wiki/Software_integration" class="mw-redirect" title="Software integration">software integration</a>. It is organized into goals, commitments, abilities, activities, measurements, <a href="/wiki/Verification_and_validation" title="Verification and validation">verification and validation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Purpose">Purpose</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Software_quality_assurance&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Purpose"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Prose plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-Prose" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>is in <a href="/wiki/MOS:LIST" class="mw-redirect" title="MOS:LIST">list</a> format but may read better as <a href="/wiki/MOS:PROSE" class="mw-redirect" title="MOS:PROSE">prose</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Software_quality_assurance&action=edit">converting this section</a>, if appropriate. <a href="/wiki/Help:Editing" title="Help:Editing">Editing help</a> is available.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2019</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>SQA involves a three-pronged approach: </p> <ul><li>Organization-wide policies, procedures and standards</li> <li>Project-specific policies, procedures and standards</li> <li>Compliance to appropriate procedures</li></ul> <p>Guidelines for the application of ISO 9001:2015 to computer software are described in ISO/IEC/IEEE 90003:2018.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> External entities can be contracted as part of process assessments to verify that projects are standard-compliant. More specifically in case of software, <a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_9126" title="ISO/IEC 9126">ISO/IEC 9126</a> (now superseded by ISO 25010) should be considered and applied for software quality. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Activities">Activities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Software_quality_assurance&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Activities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Quality_assurance" title="Quality assurance">Quality assurance</a> activities take place at each phase of development. Analysts use application technology and techniques to achieve high-quality specifications and designs, such as <a href="/wiki/Model-driven_engineering" title="Model-driven engineering">model-driven design</a>. Engineers and technicians find bugs and problems with related software quality through testing activities. Standards and process deviations are identified and addressed throughout development by <a href="/wiki/Project_manager" title="Project manager">project managers</a> or quality managers, who also ensure that changes to functionality, performance, features, architecture and component (<i>in general:</i> changes to product or service <a href="/wiki/Scope_(project_management)" title="Scope (project management)">scope</a>) are made only after appropriate review, e.g. as part of <a href="/wiki/Change_control_board" title="Change control board">change control boards</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Software_quality_assurance&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DOD-STD-2167" class="mw-redirect" title="DOD-STD-2167">DOD-STD-2167</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quality_by_Design" class="mw-redirect" title="Quality by Design">Quality by Design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_assurance" title="Software assurance">Software assurance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_quality_analyst" class="mw-redirect" title="Software quality analyst">Software quality analyst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_quality_management" title="Software quality management">Software quality management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_testing" title="Software testing">Software testing</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Software_quality_assurance&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.softwaretestinghelp.com/software-quality-assurance/">"What is Software Quality Assurance (SQA): A Guide for Beginners"</a>. <i>Software Testing Help</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-06-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Software+Testing+Help&rft.atitle=What+is+Software+Quality+Assurance+%28SQA%29%3A+A+Guide+for+Beginners&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.softwaretestinghelp.com%2Fsoftware-quality-assurance%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoftware+quality+assurance" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKelemenKustersTrienekens2012" class="citation journal cs1">Kelemen, Zádor Dániel; Kusters, Rob; Trienekens, Jos (December 2012). "Identifying criteria for multimodel software process improvement solutions - based on a review of current problems and initiatives". <i>Journal of Software: Evolution and Process</i>. <b>24</b> (8): 895–909. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fsmr.549">10.1002/smr.549</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:14382496">14382496</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Software%3A+Evolution+and+Process&rft.atitle=Identifying+criteria+for+multimodel+software+process+improvement+solutions+-+based+on+a+review+of+current+problems+and+initiatives&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=8&rft.pages=895-909&rft.date=2012-12&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fsmr.549&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A14382496%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Kelemen&rft.aufirst=Z%C3%A1dor+D%C3%A1niel&rft.au=Kusters%2C+Rob&rft.au=Trienekens%2C+Jos&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoftware+quality+assurance" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nielsen, David <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pmhut.com/cmm-and-project-quality-management">CMM and Project Quality Management</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iso.org/cms/render/live/en/sites/isoorg/contents/data/standard/07/43/74348.html">"ISO/IEC/IEEE 90003:2018"</a>. <i>ISO</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-07-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ISO&rft.atitle=ISO%2FIEC%2FIEEE+90003%3A2018&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iso.org%2Fcms%2Frender%2Flive%2Fen%2Fsites%2Fisoorg%2Fcontents%2Fdata%2Fstandard%2F07%2F43%2F74348.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoftware+quality+assurance" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWieczorekVosBons2014" class="citation book cs1">Wieczorek, Martin; Vos, Diederik; Bons, Heinz (2014-05-08). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LZuKAwAAQBAJ&dq=Software+quality+assurance+model+driven&pg=PR12"><i>Systems and Software Quality: The next step for industrialisation</i></a>. Springer Science & Business Media. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-642-39971-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-642-39971-8"><bdi>978-3-642-39971-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Systems+and+Software+Quality%3A+The+next+step+for+industrialisation&rft.pub=Springer+Science+%26+Business+Media&rft.date=2014-05-08&rft.isbn=978-3-642-39971-8&rft.aulast=Wieczorek&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft.au=Vos%2C+Diederik&rft.au=Bons%2C+Heinz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLZuKAwAAQBAJ%26dq%3DSoftware%2Bquality%2Bassurance%2Bmodel%2Bdriven%26pg%3DPR12&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoftware+quality+assurance" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Software_quality_assurance" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Software quality assurance">Software quality assurance</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Software_quality_assurance&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>IEEE Standard for Software Quality Assurance Processes</i>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1109%2FIEEESTD.2014.6835311">10.1109/IEEESTD.2014.6835311</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7381-9168-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7381-9168-3"><bdi>978-0-7381-9168-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=IEEE+Standard+for+Software+Quality+Assurance+Processes&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1109%2FIEEESTD.2014.6835311&rft.isbn=978-0-7381-9168-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoftware+quality+assurance" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFApril2018" class="citation book cs1">April, Alain (2018). <i>Software Quality Assurance</i>. Wiley-IEEE. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-118-50182-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-118-50182-5"><bdi>978-1-118-50182-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Software+Quality+Assurance&rft.pub=Wiley-IEEE&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-1-118-50182-5&rft.aulast=April&rft.aufirst=Alain&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoftware+quality+assurance" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChemuturi2010" class="citation book cs1">Chemuturi, Murali (2010). <i>Software Quality Assurance: Best Practices, Tools and Techniques for Software Developers</i>. J.Ross Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-60427-032-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-60427-032-7"><bdi>978-1-60427-032-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Software+Quality+Assurance%3A+Best+Practices%2C+Tools+and+Techniques+for+Software+Developers&rft.pub=J.Ross+Publishing&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-60427-032-7&rft.aulast=Chemuturi&rft.aufirst=Murali&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoftware+quality+assurance" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">"Software Quality Requirements". <i>Software Quality Assurance</i>. 2017. pp. 66–100. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2F9781119312451.ch3">10.1002/9781119312451.ch3</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781119312451" title="Special:BookSources/9781119312451"><bdi>9781119312451</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Software+Quality+Requirements&rft.btitle=Software+Quality+Assurance&rft.pages=66-100&rft.date=2017&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2F9781119312451.ch3&rft.isbn=9781119312451&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoftware+quality+assurance" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>"Software Quality Assurance(SQA): Plan, Audit & Review." <i>Meet Guru99 – Free Training Tutorials & Video for IT Courses</i>, www.guru99.com/software-quality-assurance-test-audit-review-makes-your-life-easy.html.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCollofelloBuck1987" class="citation journal cs1">Collofello, J.S.; Buck, J.J. (September 1987). "Software Quality Assurance for Maintenance". <i>IEEE Software</i>. <b>4</b> (5): 46–51. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1109%2FMS.1987.231418">10.1109/MS.1987.231418</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:2205647">2205647</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IEEE+Software&rft.atitle=Software+Quality+Assurance+for+Maintenance&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=46-51&rft.date=1987-09&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1109%2FMS.1987.231418&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A2205647%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Collofello&rft.aufirst=J.S.&rft.au=Buck%2C+J.J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoftware+quality+assurance" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParnasLawford2003" class="citation journal cs1">Parnas, D.L.; Lawford, M. (July 2003). "Inspection's role in software quality assurance". <i>IEEE Software</i>. <b>20</b> (4): 16–20. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1109%2FMS.2003.1207449">10.1109/MS.2003.1207449</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/10344%2F161">10344/161</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:7071357">7071357</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IEEE+Software&rft.atitle=Inspection%27s+role+in+software+quality+assurance&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=16-20&rft.date=2003-07&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F10344%2F161&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A7071357%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1109%2FMS.2003.1207449&rft.aulast=Parnas&rft.aufirst=D.L.&rft.au=Lawford%2C+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoftware+quality+assurance" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLaporteApril2018" class="citation book cs1">Laporte, Claude Y.; April, Alain (2018). <i>Software Quality Assurance</i>. John Wiley & Sons. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-118-50182-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-118-50182-5"><bdi>978-1-118-50182-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Software+Quality+Assurance&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-1-118-50182-5&rft.aulast=Laporte&rft.aufirst=Claude+Y.&rft.au=April%2C+Alain&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASoftware+quality+assurance" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Software_quality" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Software_quality" title="Template:Software quality"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Software_quality" title="Template talk:Software quality"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Software_quality" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Software quality"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Software_quality" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Software_quality" title="Software quality">Software quality</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Qualities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Internal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Software_sizing" title="Software sizing">Size</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maintainability#Software_engineering" title="Maintainability">Maintainability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flexibility_(engineering)" title="Flexibility (engineering)">Flexibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_portability" title="Software portability">Portability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reusability" title="Reusability">Reusability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_programming#Readability_of_source_code" title="Computer programming">Readability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scalability" title="Scalability">Scalability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_testability" title="Software testability">Testability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Understandability" class="mw-redirect" title="Understandability">Understandability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loose_coupling" title="Loose coupling">Loose coupling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthogonality_(programming)" title="Orthogonality (programming)">Orthogonality</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">External</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Usability" title="Usability">Usability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reliability_engineering" title="Reliability engineering">Reliability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adaptability" title="Adaptability">Adaptability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Correctness_(computer_science)" title="Correctness (computer science)">Correctness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Accuracy_and_precision" title="Accuracy and precision">Accuracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Algorithmic_efficiency" title="Algorithmic efficiency">Efficiency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robustness_(computer_science)" title="Robustness (computer science)">Robustness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_development_security" class="mw-redirect" title="Software development security">Security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_system_safety" class="mw-redirect" title="Software system safety">Safety</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Standards and lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_9126" title="ISO/IEC 9126">ISO/IEC 9126</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-functional_requirement#Examples" title="Non-functional requirement">Non-functional requirements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_system_quality_attributes" title="List of system quality attributes">List of system quality attributes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Processes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Software_quality_management" title="Software quality management">Software quality management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_quality_control" title="Software quality control">Software quality control</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Software quality assurance</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Software_quality" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Software quality">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Software_engineering" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Software_engineering" title="Template:Software engineering"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Software_engineering" title="Template talk:Software engineering"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Software_engineering" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Software engineering"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Software_engineering" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Software_engineering" title="Software engineering">Software engineering</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fields</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Computer_programming" title="Computer programming">Computer programming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DevOps" title="DevOps">DevOps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empirical_software_engineering" title="Empirical software engineering">Empirical software engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Experimental_software_engineering" title="Experimental software engineering">Experimental software engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Formal_methods" title="Formal methods">Formal methods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Requirements_engineering" title="Requirements engineering">Requirements engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Search-based_software_engineering" title="Search-based software engineering">Search-based software engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Site_reliability_engineering" title="Site reliability engineering">Site reliability engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_software_engineering" title="Social software engineering">Social software engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_deployment" title="Software deployment">Software deployment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_design" title="Software design">Software design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_maintenance" title="Software maintenance">Software maintenance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_testing" title="Software testing">Software testing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Systems_analysis" title="Systems analysis">Systems analysis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abstraction_(computer_science)" title="Abstraction (computer science)">Abstraction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Component-based_software_engineering" title="Component-based software engineering">Component-based software engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_compatibility" title="Computer compatibility">Software compatibility</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Backward_compatibility" title="Backward compatibility">Backward compatibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compatibility_layer" title="Compatibility layer">Compatibility layer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compatibility_mode" title="Compatibility mode">Compatibility mode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forward_compatibility" title="Forward compatibility">Forward compatibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_incompatibility" title="Software incompatibility">Software incompatibility</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Data_modeling" title="Data modeling">Data modeling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enterprise_architecture" title="Enterprise architecture">Enterprise architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Functional_specification" title="Functional specification">Functional specification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modeling_language" title="Modeling language">Modeling language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Programming_paradigm" title="Programming paradigm">Programming paradigm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software" title="Software">Software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_archaeology" title="Software archaeology">Software archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_architecture" title="Software architecture">Software architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_configuration_management" title="Software configuration management">Software configuration management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_development_process" title="Software development process">Software development process/methodology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_quality" title="Software quality">Software quality</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Software quality assurance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_verification_and_validation" title="Software verification and validation">Software verification and validation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_system" title="Software system">Software system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Structured_analysis" title="Structured analysis">Structured analysis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Essential_systems_analysis" title="Essential systems analysis">Essential analysis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CI/CD" title="CI/CD">CI/CD</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Orientations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agile_software_development" title="Agile software development">Agile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aspect-oriented_programming" title="Aspect-oriented programming">Aspect-oriented</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Object-oriented_programming" title="Object-oriented programming">Object orientation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ontology_(information_science)" title="Ontology (information science)">Ontology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Service-oriented_architecture" title="Service-oriented architecture">Service orientation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Systems_development_life_cycle" title="Systems development life cycle">SDLC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Models</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Developmental</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agile_software_development" title="Agile software development">Agile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enterprise_unified_process" title="Enterprise unified process">EUP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executable_UML" title="Executable UML">Executable UML</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incremental_build_model" title="Incremental build model">Incremental model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iterative_and_incremental_development" title="Iterative and incremental development">Iterative model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_prototyping" title="Software prototyping">Prototype model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapid_application_development" title="Rapid application development">RAD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unified_Process" class="mw-redirect" title="Unified Process">UP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scrum_(software_development)" title="Scrum (software development)">Scrum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiral_model" title="Spiral model">Spiral model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V-model_(software_development)" title="V-model (software development)">V-model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waterfall_model" title="Waterfall model">Waterfall model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_programming" title="Extreme programming">XP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Model-driven_engineering" title="Model-driven engineering">Model-driven engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Round-trip_engineering" title="Round-trip engineering">Round-trip engineering</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_15504" title="ISO/IEC 15504">SPICE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capability_Maturity_Model_Integration" title="Capability Maturity Model Integration">CMMI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Data_model" title="Data model">Data model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entity%E2%80%93relationship_model" title="Entity–relationship model">ER model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Function_model" title="Function model">Function model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Information_model" title="Information model">Information model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metamodeling" title="Metamodeling">Metamodeling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Object_model" title="Object model">Object model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Systems_modeling" title="Systems modeling">Systems model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/View_model" title="View model">View model</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IDEF" title="IDEF">IDEF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unified_Modeling_Language" title="Unified Modeling Language">UML</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Systems_Language" title="Universal Systems Language">USL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Systems_modeling_language" title="Systems modeling language">SysML</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related fields</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Computer_science" title="Computer science">Computer science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_engineering" title="Computer engineering">Computer engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Information_science" title="Information science">Information science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_management" title="Project management">Project management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Risk_management" title="Risk management">Risk management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Systems_engineering" title="Systems engineering">Systems engineering</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Software_engineering" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Software engineering">Commons</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Software_engineering" title="Category:Software engineering">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="IEEE_standards" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:IEEE_standards" title="Template:IEEE standards"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:IEEE_standards" title="Template talk:IEEE standards"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:IEEE_standards" title="Special:EditPage/Template:IEEE standards"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="IEEE_standards" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/IEEE_Standards_Association" title="IEEE Standards Association">IEEE standards</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IEEE-488" class="mw-redirect" title="IEEE-488">488</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_693" title="IEEE 693">693</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">730</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_754" title="IEEE 754">754</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_754-2008_revision" title="IEEE 754-2008 revision">Revision</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_854-1987" title="IEEE 854-1987">854</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_configuration_management" title="Software configuration management">828</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_test_documentation" title="Software test documentation">829</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Futurebus" title="Futurebus">896</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single_UNIX_Specification" title="Single UNIX Specification">1003</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VMEbus" title="VMEbus">1014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_design_description" title="Software design description">1016</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VHDL" title="VHDL">1076</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JTAG" title="JTAG">1149.1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PILOT" title="PILOT">1154</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_1164" title="IEEE 1164">1164</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Firmware" title="Open Firmware">1275</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Distributed_Interactive_Simulation" title="Distributed Interactive Simulation">1278</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_1284" title="IEEE 1284">1284</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_1355" title="IEEE 1355">1355</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_1394" title="IEEE 1394">1394</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_1451" title="IEEE 1451">1451</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard_Delay_Format" title="Standard Delay Format">1497</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-level_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="High-level architecture">1516</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_1541-2002" class="mw-redirect" title="IEEE 1541-2002">1541</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_1547" title="IEEE 1547">1547</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_1584" title="IEEE 1584">1584</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Precision_Time_Protocol" title="Precision Time Protocol">1588</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scalable_Coherent_Interface" title="Scalable Coherent Interface">1596</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Library_Format" title="Advanced Library Format">1603</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_1613" title="IEEE 1613">1613</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_1619" class="mw-redirect" title="IEEE 1619">1619</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SystemC" title="SystemC">1666</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_1667" title="IEEE 1667">1667</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_1675-2008" title="IEEE 1675-2008">1675</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IP-XACT" title="IP-XACT">1685</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_1722" class="mw-redirect" title="IEEE 1722">1722</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_1733" class="mw-redirect" title="IEEE 1733">1733</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SystemVerilog" title="SystemVerilog">1800</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unified_Power_Format" title="Unified Power Format">1801</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DNP3" title="DNP3">1815</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_1849" title="IEEE 1849">1849</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Property_Specification_Language" title="Property Specification Language">1850</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_1855" title="IEEE 1855">1855</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DySPAN" title="DySPAN">1900</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_1901" title="IEEE 1901">1901</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RuBee" title="RuBee">1902</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Service_Interoperability_in_Ethernet_Passive_Optical_Networks" title="Service Interoperability in Ethernet Passive Optical Networks">1904</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_1905" title="IEEE 1905">1905</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_2030" title="IEEE 2030">2030</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micro_T-Kernel" title="Micro T-Kernel">2050</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEEE_11073" title="ISO/IEEE 11073">11073</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_12207" title="ISO/IEC 12207">12207</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_maintenance" title="Software maintenance">14764</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Risk_management" title="Risk management">16085</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_management" title="Project management">16326</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Requirements_engineering" title="Requirements engineering">29148</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO/IEC_42010" title="ISO/IEC 42010">42010</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802" title="IEEE 802">802 series</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802" title="IEEE 802">802</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.2" title="IEEE 802.2">.2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Token_bus_network" title="Token bus network">.4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Token_Ring" title="Token Ring">.5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.6" title="IEEE 802.6">.6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.7" title="IEEE 802.7">.7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.8" title="IEEE 802.8">.8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.9" title="IEEE 802.9">.9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.10" title="IEEE 802.10">.10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/100BaseVG" title="100BaseVG">.12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cable_modem#IEEE_802.14" title="Cable modem">.14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.16" title="IEEE 802.16">.16</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/WiMAX" title="WiMAX">WiMAX · d · e</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resilient_Packet_Ring" title="Resilient Packet Ring">.17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.18" title="IEEE 802.18">.18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.20" title="IEEE 802.20">.20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.21" title="IEEE 802.21">.21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.22" title="IEEE 802.22">.22</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IEEE_802.24&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IEEE 802.24 (page does not exist)">.24</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.1" title="IEEE 802.1">802.1</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.1D" title="IEEE 802.1D">D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_P802.1p" title="IEEE P802.1p">p</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.1Q" title="IEEE 802.1Q">Q</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.1Qav" class="mw-redirect" title="IEEE 802.1Qav">Qav</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stream_Reservation_Protocol" title="Stream Reservation Protocol">Qat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provider_Backbone_Bridge_Traffic_Engineering" title="Provider Backbone Bridge Traffic Engineering">Qay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Data_center_bridging#IEEE_Task_Group" title="Data center bridging">Qaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.1Qbb" class="mw-redirect" title="IEEE 802.1Qbb">Qbb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanning_Tree_Protocol" title="Spanning Tree Protocol">w</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.1X" title="IEEE 802.1X">X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Link_Layer_Discovery_Protocol" title="Link Layer Discovery Protocol">AB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.1ad" title="IEEE 802.1ad">ad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.1AE" title="IEEE 802.1AE">AE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.1ag" title="IEEE 802.1ag">ag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.1ah-2008" class="mw-redirect" title="IEEE 802.1ah-2008">ah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multiple_Registration_Protocol" title="Multiple Registration Protocol">ak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.1aq" title="IEEE 802.1aq">aq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.1AS" class="mw-redirect" title="IEEE 802.1AS">AS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Link_aggregation" title="Link aggregation">AX</a> (<a href="/wiki/Link_Aggregation_Control_Protocol" class="mw-redirect" title="Link Aggregation Control Protocol">LACP</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audio_Video_Bridging" title="Audio Video Bridging">BA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.3" title="IEEE 802.3">802.3</a> <br />(<a href="/wiki/Ethernet" title="Ethernet">Ethernet</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/10BASE5" title="10BASE5">-1983</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/802.3a" class="mw-redirect" title="802.3a">a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/802.3b" class="mw-redirect" title="802.3b">b</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/802.3d" class="mw-redirect" title="802.3d">d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/802.3e" class="mw-redirect" title="802.3e">e</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/802.3i" class="mw-redirect" title="802.3i">i</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/802.3j" class="mw-redirect" title="802.3j">j</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/802.3u" class="mw-redirect" title="802.3u">u</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.3x" class="mw-redirect" title="IEEE 802.3x">x</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/802.3y" class="mw-redirect" title="802.3y">y</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/802.3z" class="mw-redirect" title="802.3z">z</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/802.3ab" class="mw-redirect" title="802.3ab">ab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/802.3ac" class="mw-redirect" title="802.3ac">ac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/802.3ad" class="mw-redirect" title="802.3ad">ad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/802.3ae" class="mw-redirect" title="802.3ae">ae</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/802.3af" class="mw-redirect" title="802.3af">af</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/802.3ah" class="mw-redirect" title="802.3ah">ah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/802.3ak" class="mw-redirect" title="802.3ak">ak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/802.3an" class="mw-redirect" title="802.3an">an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/802.3aq" class="mw-redirect" title="802.3aq">aq</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/802.3at" class="mw-redirect" title="802.3at">at</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/802.3au" class="mw-redirect" title="802.3au">au</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/802.3av" class="mw-redirect" title="802.3av">av</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/802.3az" class="mw-redirect" title="802.3az">az</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/802.3ba" class="mw-redirect" title="802.3ba">ba</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/802.3bt" class="mw-redirect" title="802.3bt">bt</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/802.3bu" class="mw-redirect" title="802.3bu">bu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/802.3by" class="mw-redirect" title="802.3by">by</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/802.3bz" class="mw-redirect" title="802.3bz">bz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=802.3ca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="802.3ca (page does not exist)">ca</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=802.3cb&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="802.3cb (page does not exist)">cb</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=802.3cc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="802.3cc (page does not exist)">cc</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=802.3cd&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="802.3cd (page does not exist)">cd</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=802.3ce&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="802.3ce (page does not exist)">ce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/802.3cg" class="mw-redirect" title="802.3cg">cg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/802.3ch" class="mw-redirect" title="802.3ch">ch</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=802.3ck&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="802.3ck (page does not exist)">ck</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=802.3cm&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="802.3cm (page does not exist)">cm</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=802.3cn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="802.3cn (page does not exist)">cn</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=802.3cp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="802.3cp (page does not exist)">cp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/802.3cq" class="mw-redirect" title="802.3cq">cq</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=802.3cr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="802.3cr (page does not exist)">cr</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=802.3cs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="802.3cs (page does not exist)">cs</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=802.3ct&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="802.3ct (page does not exist)">ct</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=802.3cu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="802.3cu (page does not exist)">cu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/802.3cv" class="mw-redirect" title="802.3cv">cv</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=802.3cw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="802.3cw (page does not exist)">cw</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=802.3cx&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="802.3cx (page does not exist)">cx</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=802.3cy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="802.3cy (page does not exist)">cy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=802.3cz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="802.3cz (page does not exist)">cz</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=802.3da&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="802.3da (page does not exist)">da</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=802.3db&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="802.3db (page does not exist)">db</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/802.3dd" class="mw-redirect" title="802.3dd">dd</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=802.3de&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="802.3de (page does not exist)">de</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=802.3df&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="802.3df (page does not exist)">df</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.11" title="IEEE 802.11">802.11</a> <br />(<a href="/wiki/Wi-Fi" title="Wi-Fi">Wi-Fi</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.11-1997" class="mw-redirect" title="IEEE 802.11-1997">-1997</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.11_(legacy_mode)" title="IEEE 802.11 (legacy mode)">legacy mode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.11a-1999" title="IEEE 802.11a-1999">a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.11b-1999" title="IEEE 802.11b-1999">b</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.11c" title="IEEE 802.11c">c</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.11d-2001" title="IEEE 802.11d-2001">d</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.11e-2005" title="IEEE 802.11e-2005">e</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inter-Access_Point_Protocol" title="Inter-Access Point Protocol">f</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.11g-2003" title="IEEE 802.11g-2003">g</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.11h-2003" title="IEEE 802.11h-2003">h</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.11i-2004" title="IEEE 802.11i-2004">i</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.11j-2004" title="IEEE 802.11j-2004">j</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.11k-2008" title="IEEE 802.11k-2008">k</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.11n-2009" title="IEEE 802.11n-2009">n</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Wi-Fi_4" class="mw-redirect" title="Wi-Fi 4">Wi-Fi 4</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.11p" title="IEEE 802.11p">p</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.11r-2008" title="IEEE 802.11r-2008">r</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.11s" title="IEEE 802.11s">s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.11u" title="IEEE 802.11u">u</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.11v" class="mw-redirect" title="IEEE 802.11v">v</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.11w-2009" title="IEEE 802.11w-2009">w</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.11y-2008" title="IEEE 802.11y-2008">y</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.11z" class="mw-redirect" title="IEEE 802.11z">z</a></li> <li>aa</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.11ac" class="mw-redirect" title="IEEE 802.11ac">ac</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Wi-Fi_5" class="mw-redirect" title="Wi-Fi 5">Wi-Fi 5</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.11ad" title="IEEE 802.11ad">ad</a> (<a href="/wiki/WiGig" title="WiGig">WiGig</a>)</li> <li>ae</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.11af" title="IEEE 802.11af">af</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.11ah" title="IEEE 802.11ah">ah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.11ai" title="IEEE 802.11ai">ai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.11aj" class="mw-redirect" title="IEEE 802.11aj">aj</a></li> <li>ak</li> <li>aq</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.11ax" class="mw-redirect" title="IEEE 802.11ax">ax</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Wi-Fi_6" title="Wi-Fi 6">Wi-Fi 6</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.11ay" title="IEEE 802.11ay">ay</a></li> <li>az</li> <li>ba</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.11bb" title="IEEE 802.11bb">bb</a></li> <li>bc</li> <li>bd</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.11be" class="mw-redirect" title="IEEE 802.11be">be</a></b> (<a href="/wiki/Wi-Fi_7" title="Wi-Fi 7">Wi-Fi 7</a>)</li> <li>bf</li> <li>bh</li> <li>bi</li> <li>bk</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.11bn" title="IEEE 802.11bn">bn</a></b> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Wi-Fi_8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wi-Fi 8 (page does not exist)">Wi-Fi 8</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.15" title="IEEE 802.15">802.15</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.15.1" class="mw-redirect" title="IEEE 802.15.1">.1</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bluetooth" title="Bluetooth">Bluetooth</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.15.2" class="mw-redirect" title="IEEE 802.15.2">.2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.15.3" class="mw-redirect" title="IEEE 802.15.3">.3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.15.4" title="IEEE 802.15.4">.4</a> (<a href="/wiki/Zigbee" title="Zigbee">Zigbee</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.15.4a" title="IEEE 802.15.4a">.4a</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IEEE_802.15.4b&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IEEE 802.15.4b (page does not exist)">.4b</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IEEE_802.15.4c&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IEEE 802.15.4c (page does not exist)">.4c</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IEEE_802.15.4d&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IEEE 802.15.4d (page does not exist)">.4d</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IEEE_802.15.4e&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IEEE 802.15.4e (page does not exist)">.4e</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IEEE_802.15.4f&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IEEE 802.15.4f (page does not exist)">.4f</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IEEE_802.15.4g&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IEEE 802.15.4g (page does not exist)">.4g</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=IEEE_802.15.4z&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IEEE 802.15.4z (page does not exist)">.4z</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.15.5" class="mw-redirect" title="IEEE 802.15.5">.5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.15.6" title="IEEE 802.15.6">.6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_802.15.7" class="mw-redirect" title="IEEE 802.15.7">.7</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Proposed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_P1363" title="IEEE P1363">P1363</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_P1619" title="IEEE P1619">P1619</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosetta-lang" title="Rosetta-lang">P1699</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Power_Adapter_for_Mobile_Devices" title="Universal Power Adapter for Mobile Devices">P1823</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_P1906.1" title="IEEE P1906.1">P1906.1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Superseded</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_754-1985" title="IEEE 754-1985">754-1985</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_requirements_specification" title="Software requirements specification">830</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_1219" class="mw-redirect" title="IEEE 1219">1219</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_requirements_specification" title="Software requirements specification">1233</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concept_of_operations" title="Concept of operations">1362</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verilog" title="Verilog">1364</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_1471" title="IEEE 1471">1471</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dt><i>See also</i></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/IEEE_Standards_Association" title="IEEE Standards Association">IEEE Standards Association</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Category:IEEE_standards" title="Category:IEEE standards">Category:IEEE standards</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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