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aria-controls="toc-Presidency-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Presidency subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Presidency-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-"The_Chilean_Path_to_Socialism"" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#"The_Chilean_Path_to_Socialism""> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>"The Chilean Path to Socialism"</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-"The_Chilean_Path_to_Socialism"-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Minimum_real_wages_and_inflation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Minimum_real_wages_and_inflation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Minimum real wages and inflation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Minimum_real_wages_and_inflation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Agrarian_and_literacy_reforms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Agrarian_and_literacy_reforms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Agrarian and literacy reforms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Agrarian_and_literacy_reforms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Social_welfare_initiatives" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Social_welfare_initiatives"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Social welfare initiatives</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Social_welfare_initiatives-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economic_policy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economic_policy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.5</span> <span>Economic policy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economic_policy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Foreign_policy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foreign_policy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.6</span> <span>Foreign policy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foreign_policy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Socioeconomic_and_political_tensions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Socioeconomic_and_political_tensions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.7</span> <span>Socioeconomic and political tensions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Socioeconomic_and_political_tensions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Foreign_relations_during_Allende's_presidency" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foreign_relations_during_Allende's_presidency"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Foreign relations during Allende's presidency</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Foreign_relations_during_Allende's_presidency-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Foreign relations during Allende's presidency subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Foreign_relations_during_Allende's_presidency-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-United_States_involvement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States_involvement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>United States involvement</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States_involvement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Relations_with_the_Soviet_Union" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relations_with_the_Soviet_Union"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Relations with the Soviet Union</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Relations_with_the_Soviet_Union-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Crisis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Crisis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Crisis</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Crisis-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Crisis subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Crisis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Resolution_by_the_Chamber_of_Deputies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Resolution_by_the_Chamber_of_Deputies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Resolution by the Chamber of Deputies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Resolution_by_the_Chamber_of_Deputies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Allende's_response" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Allende's_response"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Allende's response</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Allende's_response-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Coup" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Coup"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Coup</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Coup-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Coup subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Coup-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Death" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Death"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Death</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Death-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Family" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Family"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Family</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Family-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Memorials" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Memorials"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Memorials</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Memorials-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Memorials subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Memorials-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-South_America" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#South_America"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>South America</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-South_America-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>Europe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-North_America" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#North_America"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.3</span> <span>North America</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-North_America-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Africa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Africa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.4</span> <span>Africa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Africa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Asia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.5</span> <span>Asia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Asia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Postage_stamps" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Postage_stamps"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.6</span> <span>Postage stamps</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Postage_stamps-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_perception" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_perception"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Public perception</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_perception-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.1</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.2</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Salvador Allende</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 100 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-100" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">100 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%A3%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%8A" title="سلفادور أليندي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سلفادور أليندي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Alyende" title="Salvador Alyende – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Salvador Alyende" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87" title="সালভাদোর আইয়েন্দে – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সালভাদোর আইয়েন্দে" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5" title="Сальвадор Альенде – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Сальвадор Альенде" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D" title="Сальвадор Альендэ – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сальвадор Альендэ" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D" title="Сальвадор Альендэ – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Сальвадор Альендэ" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5" title="Салвадор Алиенде – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Салвадор Алиенде" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende_Gossens" title="Salvador Allende Gossens – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Salvador Allende Gossens" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Альенде Сальвадор – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Альенде Сальвадор" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B2%CE%B1%CE%B4%CF%8C%CF%81_%CE%91%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B5" title="Σαλβαδόρ Αλιέντε – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σαλβαδόρ Αλιέντε" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%A2%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87" title="سالوادور آلنده – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سالوادور آلنده" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%82%B4%EB%B0%94%EB%8F%84%EB%A5%B4_%EC%95%84%EC%98%8C%EB%8D%B0" title="살바도르 아옌데 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="살바도르 아옌데" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%A4%D5%B8%D6%80_%D4%B1%D5%AC%D5%B5%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%A5" title="Սալվադոր Ալյենդե – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սալվադոր Ալյենդե" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%9C%D7%91%D7%93%D7%95%D7%A8_%D7%90%D7%99%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%93%D7%94" title="סלבדור איינדה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סלבדור איינדה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0_%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%94" title="სალვადორ ალიენდე – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სალვადორ ალიენდე" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvator_Allende" title="Salvator Allende – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Salvator Allende" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvadors_Aljende" title="Salvadors Aljende – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Salvadors Aljende" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%90%D1%99%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5" title="Салвадор Аљенде – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Салвадор Аљенде" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87" title="साल्व्हादोर आयेंदे – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="साल्व्हादोर आयेंदे" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0_%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%94" title="სალვადორ ალიენდე – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="სალვადორ ალიენდე" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%89" title="سلفادور اليندى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سلفادور اليندى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%A2%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87" title="سالوادور آلنده – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="سالوادور آلنده" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende_Gossens" title="Salvador Allende Gossens – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Salvador Allende Gossens" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5" title="Сальвадор Альенде – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Сальвадор Альенде" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B5%E3%83%AB%E3%83%90%E3%83%89%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A2%E3%82%B8%E3%82%A7%E3%83%B3%E3%83%87" title="サルバドール・アジェンデ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="サルバドール・アジェンデ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B0_%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%90%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%87" title="ਸਲਵਾਦੋਰ ਅਲੀਐਂਦੇ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸਲਵਾਦੋਰ ਅਲੀਐਂਦੇ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Palatine German" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="Palatine German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pälzisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7%DA%89%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87" title="سلواډور النده – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="سلواډور النده" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5,_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Альенде, Сальвадор – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Альенде, Сальвадор" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5_%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Альенде Сальвадор – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Альенде Сальвадор" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%8A_%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%88%D9%8A%DA%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="آلندي سيلويڊار – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="آلندي سيلويڊار" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%A4%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%86%D8%B1_%D8%A6%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8E%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8E" title="سالڤادۆر ئالێندێ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سالڤادۆر ئالێندێ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%90%D1%99%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5" title="Салвадор Аљенде – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Салвадор Аљенде" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%87" title="சால்வடோர் அயேந்தே – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சால்வடோர் அயேந்தே" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C_%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94" title="ซัลบาดอร์ อาเยนเด – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ซัลบาดอร์ อาเยนเด" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5" title="Салвадор Алленде – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Салвадор Алленде" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80_%D0%90%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%94%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5" title="Сальвадор Альєнде – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сальвадор Альєнде" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7%DA%88%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%88%DB%92" title="سلواڈور ایلینڈے – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سلواڈور ایلینڈے" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%80%A3%E5%BE%B7" title="阿連德 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="阿連德" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%90%A8%E5%B0%94%E7%93%A6%E5%A4%9A%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E8%BF%9E%E5%BE%B7" title="萨尔瓦多·阿连德 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="萨尔瓦多·阿连德" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" title="Salvador Allende – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Salvador Allende" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%80%A3%E5%BE%B7" title="阿連德 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="阿連德" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%90%A8%E5%B0%94%E7%93%A6%E5%A4%9A%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E8%BF%9E%E5%BE%B7" title="萨尔瓦多·阿连德 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="萨尔瓦多·阿连德" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Aljende" title="Salvador Aljende – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Salvador Aljende" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q440#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Salvador_Allende" 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Allende" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Allende_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Allende (disambiguation)">Allende (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">In this <a href="/wiki/Chilean_name" class="mw-redirect" title="Chilean name">Chilean name</a>, the first or paternal <a href="/wiki/Surname" title="Surname">surname</a> is <i> Allende</i> and the second or maternal family name is <i> Gossens</i>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Salvador Allende</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Salvador_Allende_Gossens-.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Salvador_Allende_Gossens-.jpg/220px-Salvador_Allende_Gossens-.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="285" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0d/Salvador_Allende_Gossens-.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="325" data-file-height="421" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Official portrait, 1970</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">28th <a href="/wiki/President_of_Chile" title="President of Chile">President of Chile</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />3 November 1970 – 11 September 1973</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Eduardo_Frei_Montalva" title="Eduardo Frei Montalva">Eduardo Frei Montalva</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Augusto_Pinochet" title="Augusto Pinochet">Augusto Pinochet</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">56th <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Senate_of_Chile" title="President of the Senate of Chile">President of the Senate of Chile</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />27 December 1966 – 15 May 1969</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tom%C3%A1s_Reyes_Vicu%C3%B1a" title="Tomás Reyes Vicuña">Tomás Reyes Vicuña</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tom%C3%A1s_Pablo_Elorza" title="Tomás Pablo Elorza">Tomás Pablo Elorza</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <a href="/wiki/Senate_(Chile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Senate (Chile)">Senate</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />15 May 1969 – 3 November 1970</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Constituency established</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Adonis Sepúlveda Acuña</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Constituency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Chilo%C3%A9_Province" title="Chiloé Province">Chiloé</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ays%C3%A9n_Province" title="Aysén Province">Aysén</a> and <a href="/wiki/Magallanes_Province" title="Magallanes Province">Magallanes</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />15 May 1961 – 15 May 1969</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Carlos Alberto Martínez</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Hugo Ballesteros Reyes</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Constituency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/San_Felipe_de_Aconcagua" title="San Felipe de Aconcagua">Aconcagua</a> and <a href="/wiki/Valpara%C3%ADso_Province" title="Valparaíso Province">Valparaíso</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />15 May 1953 – 15 May 1961</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/El%C3%ADas_Lafertte" title="Elías Lafertte">Elías Lafertte Gaviño</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Raúl Ampuero Díaz</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Constituency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tarapac%C3%A1_Region" title="Tarapacá Region">Tarapacá</a> and <a href="/wiki/Antofagasta_Province" title="Antofagasta Province">Antofagasta</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />15 May 1945 – 15 May 1953</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Luis Ambrosio Concha</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Aniceto Rodríguez Arenas</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Constituency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Valdivia_Province" title="Valdivia Province">Valdivia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Osorno_Province" title="Osorno Province">Osorno</a>, <a href="/wiki/Llanquihue_Province" title="Llanquihue Province">Llanquihue</a>, Chiloé, Aysén and Magallanes</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Secretary of the <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_Chile" title="Socialist Party of Chile">Socialist Party of Chile</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 1943 – July 1944</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Marmaduke_Grove" title="Marmaduke Grove">Marmaduke Grove</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bernardo_Ib%C3%A1%C3%B1ez" title="Bernardo Ibáñez">Bernardo Ibáñez</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Health_(Chile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Health (Chile)">Minister of Health and Social Welfare</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />28 September 1939 – 2 April 1942</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Aguirre_Cerda" title="Pedro Aguirre Cerda">Pedro Aguirre Cerda</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Miguel Etchebarne Riol</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Eduardo Escudero Forrastal</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_(Chile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chamber of Deputies (Chile)">Chamber of Deputies</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />15 May 1937 – 28 September 1939</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Humberto Casali Monreal</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Vasco Valdebenito García</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Constituency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Quillota_Province" title="Quillota Province">Quillota</a> and Valparaíso</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Salvador Guillermo Allende Gossens</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1908-06-26</span>)</span>26 June 1908<br /><a href="/wiki/Santiago" title="Santiago">Santiago</a>, Chile</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">11 September 1973<span style="display:none">(1973-09-11)</span> (aged 65)<br />Santiago, Chile</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Cause of death</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Salvador_Allende" title="Death of Salvador Allende">Suicide by gunshot</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Resting place</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Santiago_General_Cemetery" title="Santiago General Cemetery">Santiago General Cemetery</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_Chile" title="Socialist Party of Chile">Socialist Party of Chile</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other political<br />affiliations</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Popular_Unity_(Chile)" title="Popular Unity (Chile)">Popular Unity Coalition</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hortensia_Bussi" title="Hortensia Bussi">Hortensia Bussi</a></div> <div style="display:inline-block;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1940)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">3, including <a href="/wiki/Beatriz_Allende" title="Beatriz Allende">Beatriz</a> and <a href="/wiki/Isabel_Allende_(politician)" title="Isabel Allende (politician)">Isabel</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Relatives</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Allende_family" title="Allende family">Allende family</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Chile" title="University of Chile">University of Chile</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Profession</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output 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dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Civil servant</li><li><a href="/wiki/Medical_doctor" class="mw-redirect" title="Medical doctor">medical doctor</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Salvador_Allende_signature.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Salvador Allende's signature"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Salvador_Allende_signature.svg/128px-Salvador_Allende_signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="128" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Salvador_Allende_signature.svg/192px-Salvador_Allende_signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Salvador_Allende_signature.svg/256px-Salvador_Allende_signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="771" data-file-height="213" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fundacionsalvadorallende.cl/">Foundation</a></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Salvador Guillermo Allende Gossens</b><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>A<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (26 June 1908 – 11 September 1973) was a Chilean <a href="/wiki/Socialist" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialist">socialist</a> politician<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who served as the 28th <a href="/wiki/President_of_Chile" title="President of Chile">president of Chile</a> from 1970 until <a href="/wiki/Death_of_Salvador_Allende" title="Death of Salvador Allende">his death</a> in <a href="/wiki/1973_Chilean_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1973 Chilean coup d'état">1973</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-bbcprofile_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbcprofile-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a <a href="/wiki/Socialist" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialist">socialist</a> committed to democracy,<sup id="cite_ref-Cohen_1994,_pp._98–118_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cohen_1994,_pp._98–118-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Busky_2000,_pp._195–196_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Busky_2000,_pp._195–196-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> he has been described as the first <a href="/wiki/Marxist" class="mw-redirect" title="Marxist">Marxist</a> to be elected president in a <a href="/wiki/Liberal_democracy" title="Liberal democracy">liberal democracy</a> in Latin America.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1246091330">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 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3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="border: 4px double #d33; border-spacing:0.2em 0;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Socialism" title="Category:Socialism">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism">Socialism</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Red_flag_(politics)" title="Red flag (politics)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Red_flag_waving.svg/75px-Red_flag_waving.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="81" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Red_flag_waving.svg/113px-Red_flag_waving.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Red_flag_waving.svg/150px-Red_flag_waving.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="249" data-file-height="268" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-above" style="padding-bottom:0.35em; border-top:1px solid #d33; border-bottom:0px solid;"> <div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_socialism" title="History of socialism">History</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_socialism" title="Outline of socialism">Outline</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #d33; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Development</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutions_of_1848" title="Revolutions of 1848">Revolutions of 1848</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_calculation_debate" title="Socialist calculation debate">Socialist calculation debate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_economics" title="Socialist economics">Socialist economics</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #d33; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Ideas</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calculation_in_kind" title="Calculation in kind">Calculation in kind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collective_ownership" title="Collective ownership">Collective ownership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooperative" title="Cooperative">Cooperative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_ownership" title="Common ownership">Common ownership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Critique_of_political_economy" title="Critique of political economy">Critique of political economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_democracy" title="Economic democracy">Economic democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_planning" title="Economic planning">Economic planning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_equal_liberty#Equal_liberty" title="Law of equal liberty">Equal liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equal_opportunity" title="Equal opportunity">Equal opportunity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_association_of_producers" title="Free association of producers">Free association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Market_anarchism" title="Market anarchism">Freed market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_democracy" title="Industrial democracy">Industrial democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Input%E2%80%93output_model" title="Input–output model">Input–output model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internationalism_(politics)" title="Internationalism (politics)">Internationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labor-time_calculation" title="Labor-time calculation">Labour-time calculation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_voucher" title="Labour voucher">Labour voucher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Material_balance_planning" title="Material balance planning">Material balance planning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_peer-to-peer_processes#P2P_economic_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Social peer-to-peer processes">Peer‑to‑peer economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Production_for_use" title="Production for use">Production for use</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharing_economy" title="Sharing economy">Sharing economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_spontaneity" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolutionary spontaneity">Spontaneism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_dividend" title="Social dividend">Social dividend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_ownership" title="Social ownership">Social ownership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_in_one_country" title="Socialism in one country">Socialism in one country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_mode_of_production" title="Socialist mode of production">Socialist mode of production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_democracy" title="Soviet democracy">Soviet democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strike_action" title="Strike action">Strike action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/To_each_according_to_his_contribution" title="To each according to his contribution">To each according to his contribution</a>/<a href="/wiki/From_each_according_to_his_ability,_to_each_according_to_his_needs" title="From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs">needs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanguardism" title="Vanguardism">Vanguardism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_self-management" title="Workers' self-management">Workers' self-management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workplace_democracy" title="Workplace democracy">Workplace democracy</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #d33; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Models</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communalism_(Bookchin)" class="mw-redirect" title="Communalism (Bookchin)">Communalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planned_economy#Relationship_with_socialism" title="Planned economy">Socialist planned economy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Planned_economy#Decentralized_planning" title="Planned economy">Decentralized planning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inclusive_Democracy" class="mw-redirect" title="Inclusive Democracy">Inclusive Democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OGAS" title="OGAS">OGAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Cybersyn" title="Project Cybersyn">Project Cybersyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet-type_economic_planning" title="Soviet-type economic planning">Soviet-type</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Market_socialism" title="Market socialism">Market socialism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lange_model" title="Lange model">Lange model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutualism_(economic_theory)" title="Mutualism (economic theory)">Mutualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_market_economy" title="Socialist market economy">Socialist market economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist-oriented_market_economy" title="Socialist-oriented market economy">Socialist-oriented market</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Participatory_economics" title="Participatory economics">Participatory economics</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #d33; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Types_of_socialism" title="Types of socialism">Variants</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_of_the_21st_century" title="Socialism of the 21st century">21st-century</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_socialism" title="African socialism">African</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_socialism" title="Arab socialism">Arab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agrarian_socialism" title="Agrarian socialism">Agrarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism" title="Anarchism">Anarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Authoritarian_socialism" title="Authoritarian socialism">Authoritarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blanquism" title="Blanquism">Blanquism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_socialism" title="Buddhist socialism">Buddhist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_with_Chinese_characteristics" title="Socialism with Chinese characteristics">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_socialism" title="Christian socialism">Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">Communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_socialism" title="Democratic socialism">Democratic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_road_to_socialism" title="Democratic road to socialism">Democratic road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyber-utopianism" title="Cyber-utopianism">Digital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethical_socialism" title="Ethical socialism">Ethical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eco-socialism" title="Eco-socialism">Ecological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolutionary_socialism" class="mw-redirect" title="Evolutionary socialism">Evolutionary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_feminism" title="Socialist feminism">Feminist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourierism" title="Fourierism">Fourierism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Market_anarchism" title="Market anarchism">Free-market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gandhian_socialism" title="Gandhian socialism">Gandhian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guild_socialism" title="Guild socialism">Guild</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_socialism" title="Islamic socialism">Islamic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_left" title="Jewish left">Jewish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laissez-faire#Socialism" title="Laissez-faire">Laissez-faire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_socialism" title="Liberal socialism">Liberal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_socialism" title="Libertarian socialism">Libertarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marhaenism" title="Marhaenism">Marhaenism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Market_socialism" title="Market socialism">Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxism" title="Marxism">Marxism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_socialism" title="Municipal socialism">Municipal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left-wing_nationalism" title="Left-wing nationalism">Nationalist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nkrumaism" title="Nkrumaism">Nkrumaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owenism" title="Owenism">Owenism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_socialism" class="mw-redirect" title="Popular socialism">Popular</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformism" title="Reformism">Reformism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_socialism" title="Religious socialism">Religious</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_socialism" title="Revolutionary socialism">Revolutionary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ricardian_socialism" title="Ricardian socialism">Ricardian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_de_Saint-Simon#Ideas" title="Henri de Saint-Simon">Saint-Simonianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_socialism" title="Scientific socialism">Scientific</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewer_socialism" title="Sewer socialism">Sewer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_democracy" title="Social democracy">Social democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_socialism" title="State socialism">State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syndicalism" title="Syndicalism">Syndicalism</a></li> <li><a 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Buonarroti">Buonarroti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Antoine_de_Saint-Just" title="Louis Antoine de Saint-Just">Saint-Just</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Owen" title="Robert Owen">Owen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Fourier" title="Charles Fourier">Fourier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Cabet" title="Étienne Cabet">Cabet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Leroux" title="Pierre Leroux">Leroux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Sue" title="Eugène Sue">Sue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Auguste_Blanqui" title="Louis Auguste Blanqui">Blanqui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre-Joseph_Proudhon" title="Pierre-Joseph Proudhon">Proudhon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horace_Greeley" title="Horace Greeley">Greeley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Herzen" title="Alexander Herzen">Herzen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Bakunin" title="Mikhail Bakunin">Bakunin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Marx" title="Karl Marx">Marx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Engels" title="Friedrich Engels">Engels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace">Wallace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Lavrov" title="Pyotr Lavrov">Lavrov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Lassalle" title="Ferdinand Lassalle">Lassalle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Saltykov-Shchedrin" title="Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin">Saltykov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Chernyshevsky" title="Nikolay Chernyshevsky">Chernyshevsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Tolstoy" title="Leo Tolstoy">Tolstoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Michel" title="Louise Michel">Michel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Morris" title="William Morris">Morris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mother_Jones" title="Mother Jones">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Kropotkin" title="Peter Kropotkin">Kropotkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Carpenter" title="Edward Carpenter">Carpenter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Sorel" title="Georges Sorel">Sorel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Bellamy" title="Edward Bellamy">Bellamy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Kautsky" title="Karl Kautsky">Kautsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Wilde" title="Oscar Wilde">Wilde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgi_Plekhanov" title="Georgi Plekhanov">Plekhanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Ferrer" title="Francisco Ferrer">Ferrer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Dewey" title="John Dewey">Dewey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._G._Wells" title="H. G. Wells">Wells</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._E._B._Du_Bois" title="W. E. B. Du Bois">Du Bois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxim_Gorky" title="Maxim Gorky">Gorky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emma_Goldman" title="Emma Goldman">Goldman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Landauer" title="Gustav Landauer">Landauer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Berkman" title="Alexander Berkman">Berkman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosa_Luxemburg" title="Rosa Luxemburg">Luxemburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Russell" title="Bertrand Russell">Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonie_Pannekoek" class="mw-redirect" title="Antonie Pannekoek">Pannekoek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Rocker" title="Rudolf Rocker">Rocker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oswald_Spengler" title="Oswald Spengler">Spengler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Keller" title="Helen Keller">Keller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylvia_Pankhurst" title="Sylvia Pankhurst">Pankhurst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volin" title="Volin">Volin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gy%C3%B6rgy_Luk%C3%A1cs" title="György Lukács">Lukács</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Korsch" title="Karl Korsch">Korsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Polanyi" title="Karl Polanyi">Polanyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacco_and_Vanzetti" title="Sacco and Vanzetti">Vanzetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amadeo_Bordiga" title="Amadeo Bordiga">Bordiga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Serge" title="Victor Serge">Serge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Gramsci" title="Antonio Gramsci">Gramsci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacco_and_Vanzetti" title="Sacco and Vanzetti">Sacco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorothy_Day" title="Dorothy Day">Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Marcuse" title="Herbert Marcuse">Marcuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._L._R._James" title="C. L. R. James">James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Orwell" title="George Orwell">Orwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federica_Montseny" title="Federica Montseny">Montseny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Paul_Sartre" title="Jean-Paul Sartre">Sartre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murray_Bookchin" title="Murray Bookchin">Bookchin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Zinn" title="Howard Zinn">Zinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornelius_Castoriadis" title="Cornelius Castoriadis">Castoriadis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._P._Thompson" title="E. P. Thompson">Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noam_Chomsky" title="Noam Chomsky">Chomsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takis_Fotopoulos" title="Takis Fotopoulos">Fotopoulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huey_P._Newton" title="Huey P. Newton">Newton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_D._Wolff" title="Richard D. Wolff">Wolff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tariq_Ali" title="Tariq Ali">Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdullah_%C3%96calan" title="Abdullah Öcalan">Öcalan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Hampton" title="Fred Hampton">Hampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavoj_%C5%BDi%C5%BEek" title="Slavoj Žižek">Žižek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornel_West" title="Cornel West">West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Hedges" title="Chris Hedges">Hedges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yanis_Varoufakis" title="Yanis Varoufakis">Varoufakis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kohei_Saito" title="Kohei Saito">Saito</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent; border-top:1px solid #d33; text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Politicians</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-top:0;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gracchi" class="mw-redirect" title="Gracchi">Gracchi Brothers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazdak" title="Mazdak">Mazdak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Roux" title="Jacques Roux">Roux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-No%C3%ABl_Babeuf" title="François-Noël Babeuf">Babeuf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Blanc" title="Louis Blanc">Blanc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Xiuquan" title="Hong Xiuquan">Hong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_Bebel" title="August Bebel">Bebel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduard_Bernstein" title="Eduard Bernstein">Bernstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Errico_Malatesta" title="Errico Malatesta">Malatesta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_V._Debs" title="Eugene V. Debs">Debs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constance_Markievicz" title="Constance Markievicz">Markievicz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Connolly" title="James Connolly">Connolly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi" title="Mahatma Gandhi">Gandhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Liebknecht" title="Karl Liebknecht">Liebknecht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Blum" title="Léon Blum">Blum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_Martov" title="Julius Martov">Martov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leon_Trotsky" title="Leon Trotsky">Trotsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Kerensky" title="Alexander Kerensky">Kerensky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clement_Attlee" title="Clement Attlee">Attlee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Spiridonova" title="Maria Spiridonova">Spiridonova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nestor_Makhno" title="Nestor Makhno">Makhno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josip_Broz_Tito" title="Josip Broz Tito">Tito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imre_Nagy" title="Imre Nagy">Nagy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buenaventura_Durruti" title="Buenaventura Durruti">Durruti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Einar_Gerhardsen" title="Einar Gerhardsen">Gerhardsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tage_Erlander" title="Tage Erlander">Erlander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tommy_Douglas" title="Tommy Douglas">Douglas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9opold_S%C3%A9dar_Senghor" title="Léopold Sédar Senghor">Senghor</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Allende</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marinus_van_der_Lubbe" title="Marinus van der Lubbe">van der Lubbe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruno_Kreisky" title="Bruno Kreisky">Kreisky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Mitterrand" title="François Mitterrand">Mitterrand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamal_Abdel_Nasser" title="Gamal Abdel Nasser">Nasser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela" title="Nelson Mandela">Mandela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Dub%C4%8Dek" title="Alexander Dubček">Dubček</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Manley" title="Michael Manley">Manley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olof_Palme" title="Olof Palme">Palme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Che_Guevara" title="Che Guevara">Che</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev">Gorbachev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernie_Sanders" title="Bernie Sanders">Sanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luiz_In%C3%A1cio_Lula_da_Silva" title="Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva">Lula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn">Corbyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Sankara" title="Thomas Sankara">Sankara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Ch%C3%A1vez" title="Hugo Chávez">Chávez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Galloway" title="George Galloway">Galloway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subcomandante_Marcos" title="Subcomandante Marcos">Marcos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_S%C3%A1nchez" title="Pedro Sánchez">Sánchez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandria_Ocasio-Cortez" title="Alexandria 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sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Socialism_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Socialism sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Social_democracy" title="Category:Social democracy">a series</a> on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/Social_democracy" title="Social democracy">Social democracy</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image" style="padding:0.65em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Rose_(symbolism)#Socialism_and_social_democracy" title="Rose (symbolism)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Pu%C3%B1o_y_rosa.svg/50px-Pu%C3%B1o_y_rosa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="73" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Pu%C3%B1o_y_rosa.svg/75px-Pu%C3%B1o_y_rosa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Pu%C3%B1o_y_rosa.svg/100px-Pu%C3%B1o_y_rosa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="581" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B60202;background:transparent;padding-left:0.3em;text-align:center;color:black;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/History_of_social_democracy" title="History of social democracy">History</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="margin-top:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.6em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenment" title="Age of Enlightenment">Age of Enlightenment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frankfurt_Declaration" title="Frankfurt Declaration">Frankfurt Declaration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Godesberg_Program" title="Godesberg Program">Godesberg Program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humanism" title="Humanism">Humanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internationalist%E2%80%93defencist_schism" title="Internationalist–defencist schism">Internationalist–defencist schism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keynesian_economics" title="Keynesian economics">Keynesianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_movement" title="Labour movement">Labor movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxism" title="Marxism">Marxism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Marxism" title="Orthodox Marxism">Orthodox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revisionism_(Marxism)" title="Revisionism (Marxism)">Revisionist</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_model" title="Nordic model">Nordic model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_democracy#Second_International_era_and_reform_or_revolution_dispute_(1889–1914)" title="Social democracy">Reformist–revolutionary dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_socialism" title="History of socialism">Socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutions_of_1848" title="Revolutions of 1848">Revolutions of 1848</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utopian_socialism" title="Utopian socialism">Utopian socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welfare_capitalism" title="Welfare capitalism">Welfare capitalism</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B60202;background:transparent;padding-left:0.3em;text-align:center;color:black;;color: var(--color-base)">Concepts</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="margin-top:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.6em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civil_liberties" title="Civil liberties">Civil liberties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Critical_theory" title="Critical theory">Critical theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democracy" title="Democracy">Democracy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economic_democracy" title="Economic democracy">Economic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_democracy" title="Industrial democracy">Industrial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Representative_democracy" title="Representative democracy">Representative</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirigisme" title="Dirigisme">Dirigisme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmentalism" title="Environmentalism">Environmentalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_protection" title="Environmental protection">Environmental protection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fair_trade" title="Fair trade">Fair trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gradualism" title="Gradualism">Gradualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institutional_abuse" title="Institutional abuse">Institutional abuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internationalism_(politics)#Socialism" title="Internationalism (politics)">Internationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_reform" title="Land reform">Land reform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labor_rights" title="Labor rights">Labor rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left-wing_nationalism" title="Left-wing nationalism">Left-wing nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixed_economy" title="Mixed economy">Mixed economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalization" title="Nationalization">Nationalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negative_and_positive_rights" title="Negative and positive rights">Negative and positive rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressivism" title="Progressivism">Progressivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformism" title="Reformism">Reformism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reformist_Left" class="mw-redirect" title="Reformist Left">Left</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformism" title="Reformism">Socialism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_socialism" title="Revolutionary socialism">Revolutionary socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secularism" title="Secularism">Secularism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_corporatism" title="Social corporatism">Social corporatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_justice" title="Social justice">Social justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_market_economy" title="Social market economy">Social market economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_state" title="Socialist state">Socialist state</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/State_capitalism" title="State capitalism">Capitalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_socialism" title="State socialism">Socialism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Structural_abuse" title="Structural abuse">Structural abuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Structural_violence" title="Structural violence">Structural violence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_union" title="Trade union">Trade union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripartism" title="Tripartism">Tripartism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welfare" class="mw-redirect" title="Welfare">Welfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welfare_state" title="Welfare state">Welfare state</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B60202;background:transparent;padding-left:0.3em;text-align:center;color:black;;color: var(--color-base)">Variants</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="margin-top:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.6em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_socialism" title="Democratic socialism">Democratic socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethical_socialism" title="Ethical socialism">Ethical socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduard_Bernstein#Opinions" title="Eduard Bernstein">Evolutionary socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_socialism" title="Liberal socialism">Liberal socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_of_the_21st_century" title="Socialism of the 21st century">Socialism of the 21st century</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Way" title="Third Way">Third Way</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B60202;background:transparent;padding-left:0.3em;text-align:center;color:black;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_social_democrats" title="List of social democrats">People</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="margin-top:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.6em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B._R._Ambedkar" title="B. R. Ambedkar">Ambedkar</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Allende</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacinda_Ardern" title="Jacinda Ardern">Ardern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clement_Attlee" title="Clement Attlee">Attlee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obafemi_Awolowo" title="Obafemi Awolowo">Awolowo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Batlle_y_Ord%C3%B3%C3%B1ez" title="José Batlle y Ordóñez">Batlle y Ordóñez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_Bebel" title="August Bebel">Bebel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Ben-Gurion" title="David Ben-Gurion">Ben-Gurion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduard_Bernstein" title="Eduard Bernstein">Bernstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%B3mulo_Betancourt" title="Rómulo Betancourt">Betancourt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zulfikar_Ali_Bhutto" title="Zulfikar Ali Bhutto">Bhutto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Blair" title="Tony Blair">Blair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Blanc" title="Louis Blanc">Blanc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt">Brandt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hjalmar_Branting" title="Hjalmar Branting">Branting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Brown" title="Gordon Brown">Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Callaghan" title="James Callaghan">Callaghan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A1zaro_C%C3%A1rdenas" title="Lázaro Cárdenas">Cárdenas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Clark" title="Helen Clark">Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bettino_Craxi" title="Bettino Craxi">Craxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Crosland" title="Anthony Crosland">Crosland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn">Corbyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Curtin" title="John Curtin">Curtin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignacy_Daszy%C5%84ski" title="Ignacy Daszyński">Daszyński</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_V._Debs" title="Eugene V. Debs">Debs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tommy_Douglas" title="Tommy Douglas">Douglas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willem_Drees" title="Willem Drees">Drees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Ebert" title="Friedrich Ebert">Ebert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BClent_Ecevit" title="Bülent Ecevit">Ecevit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Engels" title="Friedrich Engels">Engels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Fraser" title="Peter Fraser">Fraser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Gaitskell" title="Hugh Gaitskell">Gaitskell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indira_Gandhi" title="Indira Gandhi">Gandhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felipe_Gonz%C3%A1lez" title="Felipe González">González</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_Goulart" title="João Goulart">Goulart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keir_Hardie" title="Keir Hardie">Hardie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Hilferding" title="Rudolf Hilferding">Hilferding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erdal_%C4%B0n%C3%B6n%C3%BC" title="Erdal İnönü">İnönü</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Jaur%C3%A8s" title="Jean Jaurès">Jaurès</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Jenkins" title="Roy Jenkins">Jenkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamal_Jumblatt" title="Kamal Jumblatt">Jumblatt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carsun_Chang" title="Carsun Chang">Junmai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetsu_Katayama" title="Tetsu Katayama">Katayama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Kautsky" title="Karl Kautsky">Kautsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Kerensky" title="Alexander Kerensky">Kerensky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_K%C3%A9thly" title="Anna Kéthly">Kéthly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Kirk" title="Norman Kirk">Kirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Lagos" title="Ricardo Lagos">Lagos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Lassalle" title="Ferdinand Lassalle">Lassalle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Layton" title="Jack Layton">Layton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Lenin" title="Vladimir Lenin">Lenin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_L%C3%A9vesque" title="René Lévesque">Lévesque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Liebknecht" title="Wilhelm Liebknecht">Liebknecht (father)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Liebknecht" title="Karl Liebknecht">Liebknecht (son)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosa_Luxemburg" title="Rosa Luxemburg">Luxemburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramsay_MacDonald" title="Ramsay MacDonald">MacDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela" title="Nelson Mandela">Mandela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Marx" title="Karl Marx">Marx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alva_Myrdal" title="Alva Myrdal">Myrdal (Alva)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunnar_Myrdal" title="Gunnar Myrdal">Myrdal (Gunnar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru" title="Jawaharlal Nehru">Nehru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olof_Palme" title="Olof Palme">Palme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgi_Plekhanov" title="Georgi Plekhanov">Plekhanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romano_Prodi" title="Romano Prodi">Prodi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Russell" title="Bertrand Russell">Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Radbruch" title="Gustav Radbruch">Radbruch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_S%C3%A1nchez" title="Pedro Sánchez">Sánchez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernie_Sanders" title="Bernie Sanders">Sanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Joseph_Savage" title="Michael Joseph Savage">Savage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olaf_Scholz" title="Olaf Scholz">Scholz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thorvald_Stauning" title="Thorvald Stauning">Stauning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Thomas" title="Norman Thomas">Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joop_den_Uyl" title="Joop den Uyl">Den Uyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Webb,_1st_Baron_Passfield" title="Sidney Webb, 1st Baron Passfield">Webb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gough_Whitlam" title="Gough Whitlam">Whitlam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Wilson" title="Harold Wilson">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noe_Zhordania" title="Noe Zhordania">Zhordania</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:1px solid #B60202;background:transparent;padding-left:0.3em;text-align:center;color:black;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_social_democratic_parties" title="List of social democratic parties">Organizations</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="margin-top:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.6em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Trade_Union_Confederation" title="International Trade Union Confederation">International Trade Union Confederation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Socialist_Youth" title="International Union of Socialist Youth">International Union of Socialist Youth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_of_European_Socialists" title="Party of European Socialists">Party of European Socialists</a></li> <li><a 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portal</a></b></li> <li><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:A_coloured_voting_box.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/16px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/24px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/01/A_coloured_voting_box.svg/32px-A_coloured_voting_box.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics portal</a></b></li> <li><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_flag_II.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/16px-Red_flag_II.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/24px-Red_flag_II.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/32px-Red_flag_II.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="466" data-file-height="411" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Socialism" title="Portal:Socialism">Socialism portal</a></b></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="border-top:1px solid #B60202;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Social_democracy_sidebar" title="Template:Social democracy sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Social_democracy_sidebar" title="Template talk:Social democracy sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Social_democracy_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Social democracy sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Allende's involvement in <a href="/wiki/Chilean_politics" class="mw-redirect" title="Chilean politics">Chilean politics</a> spanned a period of nearly forty years, during which he held various positions including <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Chile" title="Senate of Chile">senator</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_of_Chile" title="Chamber of Deputies of Chile">deputy</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_minister" class="mw-redirect" title="Cabinet minister">cabinet minister</a>. As a life-long committed member of the <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_Chile" title="Socialist Party of Chile">Socialist Party of Chile</a>, whose foundation he had actively contributed to, he unsuccessfully ran for the national presidency in the <a href="/wiki/1952_Chilean_presidential_election" title="1952 Chilean presidential election">1952</a>, <a href="/wiki/1958_Chilean_presidential_election" title="1958 Chilean presidential election">1958</a>, and <a href="/wiki/1964_Chilean_presidential_election" title="1964 Chilean presidential election">1964</a> elections. In <a href="/wiki/1970_Chilean_presidential_election" title="1970 Chilean presidential election">1970</a>, he won the presidency as the candidate of the <a href="/wiki/Popular_Unity_(Chile)" title="Popular Unity (Chile)">Popular Unity</a> coalition in a close three-way race. He was elected in a run-off by <a href="/wiki/Congress_(Chile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Congress (Chile)">Congress</a>, as no candidate had gained a majority. In office, Allende pursued a policy he called "<a href="/wiki/The_Chilean_Way_to_Socialism" class="mw-redirect" title="The Chilean Way to Socialism">The Chilean Path to Socialism</a>". The <a href="/wiki/Coalition_government" title="Coalition government">coalition government</a> was far from unanimous. Allende said that he was committed to democracy and represented the more moderate faction of the Socialist Party, while the radical wing sought a more radical course. Instead, the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Chile" title="Communist Party of Chile">Communist Party of Chile</a> favored a gradual and cautious approach that sought cooperation with <a href="/wiki/Christian_democrats" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian democrats">Christian democrats</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Cohen_1994,_pp._98–118_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cohen_1994,_pp._98–118-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which proved influential for the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Communist_Party" title="Italian Communist Party">Italian Communist Party</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Historic_Compromise" title="Historic Compromise">Historic Compromise</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As president, Allende sought to nationalize major industries, expand education, and improve the living standards of the working class. He clashed with the right-wing parties that controlled Congress and with the judiciary. On 11 September 1973, the military moved to oust Allende in <a href="/wiki/1973_Chilean_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1973 Chilean coup d'état">a coup d'état</a> supported by the <a href="/wiki/CIA" class="mw-redirect" title="CIA">CIA</a>, which initially denied the allegations.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Winn_2010_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Winn_2010-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2000, the CIA admitted its role in the 1970 kidnapping of General <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Schneider" title="René Schneider">René Schneider</a> who had refused to use the army to stop Allende's inauguration.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Declassified documents released in 2023 showed that US president <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a>, his national security advisor <a href="/wiki/Henry_Kissinger" title="Henry Kissinger">Henry Kissinger</a>, and the United States government, which had branded Allende as a dangerous communist,<sup id="cite_ref-Busky_2000,_pp._195–196_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Busky_2000,_pp._195–196-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> were aware of the military's plans to overthrow Allende's democratically elected government in the days before the coup d'état.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As troops surrounded <a href="/wiki/La_Moneda_Palace" title="La Moneda Palace">La Moneda Palace</a>, Allende gave his last speech vowing not to resign.<sup id="cite_ref-en.wikisource.org_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-en.wikisource.org-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later that day, <a href="/wiki/Allende_died_by_suicide_in_his_office" class="mw-redirect" title="Allende died by suicide in his office">Allende died by suicide in his office</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Allende2_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Allende2-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the exact circumstances of his death are still disputed.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>B<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following Allende's death, General <a href="/wiki/Augusto_Pinochet" title="Augusto Pinochet">Augusto Pinochet</a> refused to return authority to a civilian government, and <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a> was later ruled by the <a href="/wiki/Government_Junta_of_Chile_(1973)" title="Government Junta of Chile (1973)">Government Junta</a>, ending more than four decades of uninterrupted democratic governance, a period known as the <a href="/wiki/Presidential_Republic_(1925%E2%80%931973)" title="Presidential Republic (1925–1973)">Presidential Republic</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Military_junta" title="Military junta">military junta</a> that took over dissolved Congress, suspended the <a href="/wiki/Chilean_Constitution_of_1925" title="Chilean Constitution of 1925">Constitution of 1925</a>, and initiated a program of persecuting alleged dissidents, in which at least 3,095 civilians disappeared or were killed.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Military_dictatorship_of_Chile" title="Military dictatorship of Chile">Pinochet's military dictatorship</a> only ended after the successful internationally backed <a href="/wiki/1989_Chilean_constitutional_referendum" title="1989 Chilean constitutional referendum">1989 constitutional referendum</a> led to the peaceful <a href="/wiki/Chilean_transition_to_democracy" title="Chilean transition to democracy">Chilean transition to democracy</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvador_Allende&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tleft"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:308px;max-width:308px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:152px;max-width:152px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Salvador_Allende_Castro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Salvador_Allende_Castro.jpg/150px-Salvador_Allende_Castro.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Salvador_Allende_Castro.jpg/225px-Salvador_Allende_Castro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Salvador_Allende_Castro.jpg/300px-Salvador_Allende_Castro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="481" data-file-height="519" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:152px;max-width:152px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Laura_Gossens_Uribe.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Laura_Gossens_Uribe.jpg/150px-Laura_Gossens_Uribe.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Laura_Gossens_Uribe.jpg/225px-Laura_Gossens_Uribe.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Laura_Gossens_Uribe.jpg/300px-Laura_Gossens_Uribe.jpg 2x" data-file-width="471" data-file-height="516" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">Salvador Allende Castro and Laura Gossens Uribe, the parents of Salvador Allende</div></div></div></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CLSRCeI_AP1190806260(1)_(page_1_crop).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/CLSRCeI_AP1190806260%281%29_%28page_1_crop%29.jpg/300px-CLSRCeI_AP1190806260%281%29_%28page_1_crop%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/CLSRCeI_AP1190806260%281%29_%28page_1_crop%29.jpg/450px-CLSRCeI_AP1190806260%281%29_%28page_1_crop%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/CLSRCeI_AP1190806260%281%29_%28page_1_crop%29.jpg/600px-CLSRCeI_AP1190806260%281%29_%28page_1_crop%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3507" data-file-height="1208" /></a><figcaption>Salvador Allende's birth certificate.</figcaption></figure> <p>Allende was born on 26 June 1908<sup id="cite_ref-test_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-test-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in <a href="/wiki/Santiago" title="Santiago">Santiago</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was the son of Salvador Allende Castro and Laura Gossens Uribe. <a href="/wiki/Allende_family" title="Allende family">Allende's family</a> belonged to the Chilean <a href="/wiki/Upper_middle_class" title="Upper middle class">upper middle class</a> and had a long tradition of political involvement in progressive and liberal causes. His grandfather was a prominent physician and a <a href="/wiki/Social_reform" class="mw-redirect" title="Social reform">social reformist</a> who founded one of the first <a href="/wiki/Secular_school" class="mw-redirect" title="Secular school">secular schools</a> in Chile.<sup id="cite_ref-Guzman_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guzman-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Salvador Allende was of <a href="/wiki/Basque_Chilean" class="mw-redirect" title="Basque Chilean">Basque</a><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Belgians" title="Belgians">Belgian</a> descent.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1909, he moved with his family to the city of <a href="/wiki/Tacna" title="Tacna">Tacna</a> (then under <a href="/wiki/Tacna_Province_(Chile)" title="Tacna Province (Chile)">Chilean administration</a>) until he returned to his country to live in <a href="/wiki/Iquique" title="Iquique">Iquique</a> in 1916. In 1918, he studied at the National Institute of Santiago, and from 1919 to 1921, he studied at the Liceo de Valdivia. In 1922, he entered the <a href="/wiki/Eduardo_de_la_Barra" title="Eduardo de la Barra">Eduardo de la Barra</a> school at the age of 16, studying there until 1924.<sup id="cite_ref-Cronologia_de_Allende_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cronologia_de_Allende-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As a teenager, his main intellectual and political influence came from the shoe-maker <a href="/wiki/Juan_De_Marchi" title="Juan De Marchi">Juan De Marchi</a>, an Italian-born <a href="/wiki/Anarchist" class="mw-redirect" title="Anarchist">anarchist</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Guzman_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guzman-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1925, he attended the <a href="/wiki/Military_service" title="Military service">military service</a> in the Cuirassier Regiment of <a href="/wiki/Tacna" title="Tacna">Tacna</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Cronologia_de_Allende_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cronologia_de_Allende-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Allende was a talented athlete in his youth, being a member of the <a href="/wiki/Everton_de_Vi%C3%B1a_del_Mar" title="Everton de Viña del Mar">Everton de Viña del Mar</a> sports club (named after the more famous English football club <a href="/wiki/Everton_F.C." title="Everton F.C.">of the same name</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1926, at the age of 18, he studied medicine at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Chile" title="University of Chile">University of Chile</a> in <a href="/wiki/Santiago" title="Santiago">Santiago</a> and was elected President of the Student Center in 1927. In 1928, he entered the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Lodge_of_Chile" title="Grand Lodge of Chile">Grand Lodge of Chile</a> and was elected vice president of the Federation of Students of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Chile" title="University of Chile">University of Chile</a> in 1929. In 1930, he became the representative of the students of the School of Medicine.<sup id="cite_ref-Cronologia_de_Allende_35-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cronologia_de_Allende-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During his time at medical school, Allende was influenced by Professor <a href="/wiki/Max_Westenhofer" class="mw-redirect" title="Max Westenhofer">Max Westenhofer</a>, a German <a href="/wiki/Pathology" title="Pathology">pathologist</a> who emphasized the social determinants of disease and <a href="/wiki/Social_medicine" title="Social medicine">social medicine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Westenhofer_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Westenhofer-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PLOS_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PLOS-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1931, he was expelled from the university and relegated to the north. That same year, he retook his sixth year of medical school and graduated at age 23. In 1932, he began practicing as a physician and anatomo-pathologist in the morgue of the Van Buren Hospital. He became the union leader of the <a href="/wiki/Valpara%C3%ADso" title="Valparaíso">Valparaíso</a> doctors, becoming 1st Regional Secretary in Valparaíso. In 1935, at age 27, he was relegated to the city of Caldera for the second time and, in 1936, he was imprisoned in the Popular Front in Valparaíso. In 1937, he was elected Deputy of <a href="/wiki/Valpara%C3%ADso" title="Valparaíso">Valparaíso</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aconcagua" title="Aconcagua">Aconcagua</a> and, in 1938, he served as Undersecretary General of the <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_Chile" title="Socialist Party of Chile">Socialist Party of Chile</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Cronologia_de_Allende_35-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cronologia_de_Allende-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1933, Allende co-founded with <a href="/wiki/Marmaduque_Grove" class="mw-redirect" title="Marmaduque Grove">Marmaduque Grove</a> and others a section of the <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_Chile" title="Socialist Party of Chile">Socialist Party of Chile</a> in <a href="/wiki/Valpara%C3%ADso" title="Valparaíso">Valparaíso</a><sup id="cite_ref-Guzman_30-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guzman-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and became its chairman. He married Hortensia Bussi with whom he had three daughters. He was a <a href="/wiki/Freemason" class="mw-redirect" title="Freemason">Freemason</a>, a member of the Lodge Progreso No. 4 in Valparaíso.<sup id="cite_ref-calodges_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-calodges-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1933, he published his doctoral thesis <i>Higiene Mental y Delincuencia</i> (Crime and Mental Hygiene) in which he criticized <a href="/wiki/Cesare_Lombroso" title="Cesare Lombroso">Cesare Lombroso</a>'s proposals.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_involvement_up_to_1970">Political involvement up to 1970</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvador_Allende&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Political involvement up to 1970"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Allendetrendelavictoria.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Allendetrendelavictoria.jpg/170px-Allendetrendelavictoria.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="217" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Allendetrendelavictoria.jpg/255px-Allendetrendelavictoria.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Allendetrendelavictoria.jpg/340px-Allendetrendelavictoria.jpg 2x" data-file-width="526" data-file-height="671" /></a><figcaption>1958 presidential campaign with a train with Allende's face called the "Victory Train"</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Salvador_Allende.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Salvador_Allende.jpg/170px-Salvador_Allende.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="224" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e2/Salvador_Allende.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="263" /></a><figcaption>Salvador Allende in 1964</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Allende_supporters.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Allende_supporters.jpg/220px-Allende_supporters.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Allende_supporters.jpg/330px-Allende_supporters.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Allende_supporters.jpg/440px-Allende_supporters.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3708" data-file-height="2459" /></a><figcaption>Chilean workers marching in support of Allende in 1964</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1938, Allende was in charge of the electoral campaign of the <a href="/wiki/Popular_Front_(Chile)" title="Popular Front (Chile)">Popular Front</a> headed by <a href="/wiki/Pedro_Aguirre_Cerda" title="Pedro Aguirre Cerda">Pedro Aguirre Cerda</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Guzman_30-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guzman-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Popular Front's slogan was "Bread, a Roof and Work!"<sup id="cite_ref-Guzman_30-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guzman-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After its electoral victory, he became <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Health_(Chile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Health (Chile)">Minister of Health</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Reformist" class="mw-redirect" title="Reformist">Reformist</a> Popular Front government which was dominated by the <a href="/wiki/Radical_Party_(Chile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Radical Party (Chile)">Radicals</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Guzman_30-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guzman-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While serving in that position, Allende was responsible for the passage of a wide range of progressive social reforms, including safety laws protecting workers in the factories, higher pensions for widows, maternity care, and free lunch programs for schoolchildren.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Upon entering the government, Allende relinquished his congressional seat for Valparaíso, which he had won in 1937. Around that time, he wrote <i>La Realidad Médico Social de Chile</i> (<i>The Social and Medical Reality of Chile</i>). After <a href="/wiki/Kristallnacht" title="Kristallnacht">Kristallnacht</a> in <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a>, Allende was one of 76 members of the Congress who sent a <a href="/wiki/Telegram" class="mw-redirect" title="Telegram">telegram</a> to <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a> denouncing the persecution of <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Germany" title="History of the Jews in Germany">Jews</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following President Aguirre Cerda's death in 1941, he was again elected deputy while the Popular Front was renamed <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Alliance_(Chile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic Alliance (Chile)">Democratic Alliance</a>. </p><p>In 1945, Allende became senator for the <a href="/wiki/Valdivia_Province" title="Valdivia Province">Valdivia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Llanquihue_Province" title="Llanquihue Province">Llanquihue</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chilo%C3%A9_Province" title="Chiloé Province">Chiloé</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ais%C3%A9n_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Aisén Province">Aisén</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Magallanes_Province" title="Magallanes Province">Magallanes</a> provinces; then for <a href="/wiki/Tarapac%C3%A1_Region" title="Tarapacá Region">Tarapacá</a> and <a href="/wiki/Antofagasta" title="Antofagasta">Antofagasta</a> in 1953; for <a href="/wiki/Aconcagua" title="Aconcagua">Aconcagua</a> and <a href="/wiki/Valpara%C3%ADso" title="Valparaíso">Valparaíso</a> in 1961; and once more for Chiloé, Aisén, and Magallanes in 1969. He became president of the <a href="/wiki/Chilean_Senate" class="mw-redirect" title="Chilean Senate">Chilean Senate</a> in 1966. During the 1950s, Allende introduced legislation that established the Chilean national health service, the first program in the Americas to guarantee universal health care.<sup id="cite_ref-nih_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nih-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His three unsuccessful bids for the presidency (in the <a href="/wiki/1952_Chilean_presidential_election" title="1952 Chilean presidential election">1952</a>, <a href="/wiki/1958_Chilean_presidential_election" title="1958 Chilean presidential election">1958</a>, and <a href="/wiki/1964_Chilean_presidential_election" title="1964 Chilean presidential election">1964 elections</a>) prompted Allende to joke that his epitaph would be "Here lies the next president of Chile." In 1952, as candidate for the <i><a href="/wiki/Frente_de_Acci%C3%B3n_Popular" class="mw-redirect" title="Frente de Acción Popular">Frente de Acción Popular</a></i> (Popular Action Front, FRAP), he obtained only 5.4% of the votes, partly due to a division within socialist ranks over support for <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Ib%C3%A1%C3%B1ez" class="mw-redirect" title="Carlos Ibáñez">Carlos Ibáñez</a>. In 1958, again as the FRAP candidate, Allende obtained 28.5% of the vote. This time, his defeat was attributed to votes lost to the <a href="/wiki/Populism" title="Populism">populist</a> Antonio Zamorano.<sup id="cite_ref-Cura_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cura-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This explanation has been questioned by modern research that suggest Zamorano's votes came from across the political spectrum.<sup id="cite_ref-Cura_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cura-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Electoral_system">Electoral system</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvador_Allende&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Electoral system"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Declassified documents show that from 1962 through 1964, the <a href="/wiki/CIA" class="mw-redirect" title="CIA">CIA</a> spent a total of $2.6 million to finance the campaign of <a href="/wiki/Eduardo_Frei_Montalva" title="Eduardo Frei Montalva">Eduardo Frei</a> and $3 million in anti-Allende propaganda "to scare voters away from Allende's FRAP coalition". The CIA considered its role in the victory of Frei a great success.<sup id="cite_ref-UsFrei_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UsFrei-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-1969congress_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1969congress-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>They argued that "the financial and organizational assistance given to Frei, the effort to keep Durán in the race, the propaganda campaign to denigrate Allende – were 'indispensable ingredients of Frei's success'", and they thought that his chances of winning and the good progress of his campaign would have been doubtful without the covert support of the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Government of the United States">government of the United States</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ciafrei_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ciafrei-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thus, in 1964 Allende lost once more as the FRAP candidate, polling 38.6% of the votes against 55.6% for <a href="/wiki/Christian_Democrat_Party_of_Chile" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian Democrat Party of Chile">Christian Democrat</a> <a href="/wiki/Eduardo_Frei_Montalva" title="Eduardo Frei Montalva">Eduardo Frei</a>. As it became clear that the election would be a race between Allende and Frei, the political <a href="/wiki/Right-wing_politics" title="Right-wing politics">right</a> – which initially had backed <a href="/wiki/Radical_Democracy_(Chile)" title="Radical Democracy (Chile)">Radical</a> Julio Durán– settled for Frei as "the lesser evil". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="1970_election">1970 election</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvador_Allende&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 1970 election"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/1970_Chilean_presidential_election" title="1970 Chilean presidential election">1970 Chilean presidential election</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Salvador_Allende_(1970)_(cropped_%26_edited).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Salvador_Allende_%281970%29_%28cropped_%26_edited%29.jpg/170px-Salvador_Allende_%281970%29_%28cropped_%26_edited%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Salvador_Allende_%281970%29_%28cropped_%26_edited%29.jpg/255px-Salvador_Allende_%281970%29_%28cropped_%26_edited%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f1/Salvador_Allende_%281970%29_%28cropped_%26_edited%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="263" data-file-height="263" /></a><figcaption>Allende as presidential candidate in 1970</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:El_d%C3%ADa_que_gan%C3%B3_Allende.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/El_d%C3%ADa_que_gan%C3%B3_Allende.jpg/170px-El_d%C3%ADa_que_gan%C3%B3_Allende.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="214" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/El_d%C3%ADa_que_gan%C3%B3_Allende.jpg/255px-El_d%C3%ADa_que_gan%C3%B3_Allende.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/El_d%C3%ADa_que_gan%C3%B3_Allende.jpg/340px-El_d%C3%ADa_que_gan%C3%B3_Allende.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1467" data-file-height="1844" /></a><figcaption>Photo taken on 4 September 1970 at 00:57 by Paul Lowry</figcaption></figure> <p>Allende was considered part of the moderate wing of the socialists, with support from the communists who favored taking power via parliamentary democracy; in contrast, the left-wing of the <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_Chile" title="Socialist Party of Chile">socialists</a> (led by <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Altamirano" title="Carlos Altamirano">Carlos Altamirano</a>) and several other far-left parties called for violent insurrection. Some argue, however, that this was reversed at the end of his period in office.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>C<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Allende won the 1970 Chilean presidential election as leader of the <a href="/wiki/Popular_Unity_(Chile)" title="Popular Unity (Chile)">Unidad Popular</a> ("Popular Unity") coalition. On 4 September 1970, he obtained a narrow <a href="/wiki/Plurality_(voting)" title="Plurality (voting)">plurality</a> of 36.6% to 35.z3% over <a href="/wiki/Jorge_Alessandri" title="Jorge Alessandri">Jorge Alessandri</a>, a former president, with 27.8% going to a third candidate, <a href="/wiki/Radomiro_Tomic" title="Radomiro Tomic">Radomiro Tomic</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Christian_Democratic_Party_of_Chile" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian Democratic Party of Chile">Christian Democratic Party</a> (PDC). According to the Chilean constitution of the time, if no presidential candidate obtained a majority of the popular vote, Congress would choose one of the two candidates with the highest number of votes as the winner. Tradition was for Congress to vote for the candidate with the highest popular vote, regardless of margin. Former president Jorge Alessandri had been elected in 1958 with a plurality of 31.6% over Allende's 28.85%.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETutee2–3_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETutee2–3-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>One month after the election, on 20 October, while the Senate had still to reach a decision and negotiations were actively in place between the Christian Democrats and the Popular Unity, General <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Schneider" title="René Schneider">René Schneider</a>, Commander in Chief of the Chilean Army, was shot resisting a kidnap attempt by a group led by General <a href="/wiki/Roberto_Viaux" title="Roberto Viaux">Roberto Viaux</a>. Hospitalized, he died of his wounds three days later on 23 October.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETutee3–4_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETutee3–4-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Schneider was a defender of the <a href="/wiki/Schneider_Doctrine" title="Schneider Doctrine">"constitutionalist" doctrine</a> that the army's role is exclusively professional, its mission being to protect the country's sovereignty and not to interfere in politics.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETutee6_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETutee6-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>General Schneider's death was widely disapproved of and, for the time, ended military opposition to Allende,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETutee7_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETutee7-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> whom the Congress finally chose on 24 October. On 26 October, President <a href="/wiki/Eduardo_Frei_Montalva" title="Eduardo Frei Montalva">Eduardo Frei</a> named General <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Prats" title="Carlos Prats">Carlos Prats</a> as commander in chief of the army to replace René Schneider.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Allende assumed the presidency on 3 November 1970 after signing a <i>Statute of Constitutional Guarantees</i> proposed by the Christian Democrats in return for their support in Congress. In an extensive interview with <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9gis_Debray" title="Régis Debray">Régis Debray</a> in 1972, Allende explained his reasons for agreeing to the guarantees.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some critics<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag possibly uses too-vague attribution or weasel words. (November 2023)">who?</span></a></i>]</sup> have interpreted Allende's responses as an admission that signing the <i>Statute</i> was only a tactical move.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Presidency">Presidency</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvador_Allende&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Presidency"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Salvador_Allende" title="Presidency of Salvador Allende">Presidency of Salvador Allende</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id=""The_Chilean_Path_to_Socialism""><span id=".22The_Chilean_Path_to_Socialism.22"></span>"The Chilean Path to Socialism"</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvador_Allende&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: "The Chilean Path to Socialism""><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Salvador_Allende_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Salvador_Allende_2.jpg/220px-Salvador_Allende_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="242" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Salvador_Allende_2.jpg/330px-Salvador_Allende_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3e/Salvador_Allende_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="440" /></a><figcaption>Allende in 1970</figcaption></figure> <p>In his speech to the Chilean legislature following his election, Allende made clear his intention to move Chile from a capitalist to a socialist society: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>We are moving towards socialism, not from an academic love for a doctrinaire system, but encouraged by the strength of our people, who know that it is an inescapable demand if we are to overcome backwardness and who feel that a socialist regime is the only way available to modern nations who want to build rationally in freedom, independence and dignity. We are moving towards socialism because the people, through their vote, have freely rejected capitalism as a system which has resulted in a crudely unequal society, a society deformed by social injustice and degraded by the deterioration of the very foundations of human solidarity.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Upon assuming the presidency, Allende began to carry out his platform of implementing a <a href="/wiki/Socialist" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialist">socialist</a> program called <i><a href="/wiki/La_v%C3%ADa_chilena_al_socialismo" class="mw-redirect" title="La vía chilena al socialismo">La vía chilena al socialismo</a></i> ("the Chilean path to socialism"). That included <a href="/wiki/Nationalization" title="Nationalization">nationalization</a> of large-scale industries (notably <a href="/wiki/Copper_mining" class="mw-redirect" title="Copper mining">copper mining</a> and banking) and government administration of the healthcare system, educational system (with the help of a United States educator, Jane A. Hobson-Gonzalez from <a href="/wiki/Kokomo,_Indiana" title="Kokomo, Indiana">Kokomo, Indiana</a>), a free milk program for schoolchildren and in shanty towns of Chile, and an expansion of the land seizure and redistribution already begun under his predecessor <a href="/wiki/Eduardo_Frei_Montalva" title="Eduardo Frei Montalva">Eduardo Frei Montalva</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who had nationalized between one-fifth and one-quarter of all the properties listed for takeover.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Allende also intended to improve the socio-economic welfare of Chile's poorest citizens;<sup id="cite_ref-The_Chilean_Revolution_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Chilean_Revolution-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a key element was to provide employment, either in the new nationalized enterprises or on public-work projects.<sup id="cite_ref-The_Chilean_Revolution_61-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Chilean_Revolution-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In November 1970, 3,000 scholarships were allocated to <a href="/wiki/Mapuche" title="Mapuche">Mapuche</a> children in an effort to integrate the indigenous minority into the educational system. Furthermore, Allende's administration resumed payment of pensions and grants, launched an emergency plan providing for the construction of 120,000 residential buildings, granted rights to social security for all part-time workers, withdrew a proposed increase in electricity prices, restored diplomatic relations with Cuba, and granted amnesty to various political prisoners. In December 1970, the administration fixed bread prices; sent 55,000 volunteers to the south of the country to teach writing and reading skills and provide medical attention to an underserved sector of the population; established a central commission to oversee a tripartite payment plan in which equal place was given to government, employees, and employers; and signed a protocol agreement with the United Center of Workers, granting workers representational rights on the funding board of the Social Planning Ministry.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Allende established an obligatory minimum wage for workers of all ages (including apprentices),<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> free milk for expectant and nursing mothers and for children between the ages of 7 and 14,<sup id="cite_ref-google13_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-google13-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and free meals at school.<sup id="cite_ref-socialistparty_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-socialistparty-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His administration also reduced rent and rescheduled the construction of the <a href="/wiki/Santiago_subway" class="mw-redirect" title="Santiago subway">Santiago subway</a> so as to serve working class neighborhoods first. Workers benefited from increases in social security payments, an expanded public works program, and a modification of the wage and salary adjustment mechanism that had originally been introduced in the 1940s to cope with the country's chronic inflation. Middle class Chileans benefited from the elimination of taxes on modest incomes and property.<sup id="cite_ref-google2_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-google2-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, state-sponsored programs distributed free food to the country's neediest citizens,<sup id="cite_ref-google3_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-google3-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in the countryside, peasant councils were established to mobilize agrarian workers and small proprietors. In the government's first budget presented to Congress in November 1970, the minimum taxable income level was raised, removing from the tax pool 35% of those who had paid taxes on earnings in the previous year. In addition, the exemption from general taxation was raised to a level equivalent to twice the minimum wage. Exemptions from capital taxes were also extended, which benefitted 330,000 small proprietors. The extra increases that Frei had promised to the armed forces were also fully paid. According to one estimate, <a href="/wiki/Purchasing_power" title="Purchasing power">purchasing power</a> went up by 28% between October 1970 and July 1971.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Minimum_real_wages_and_inflation">Minimum real wages and inflation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvador_Allende&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Minimum real wages and inflation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The rate of inflation fell from 36.1% in 1970 to 22.1% in 1971, while average <a href="/wiki/Real_wage" class="mw-redirect" title="Real wage">real wages</a> rose by 22.3% during 1971.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>D<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nber_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nber-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Minimum real wages for <a href="/wiki/Blue-collar_worker" title="Blue-collar worker">blue-collar workers</a> were increased by 56% during the first <a href="/wiki/Financial_quarter" class="mw-redirect" title="Financial quarter">quarter</a> of 1971, while in the same period real minimum wages for white-collar workers were increased by 23%, a development that decreased the differential ratio between blue- and white-collar workers' minimum wage from 49% (1970) to 35% (1971). Central government expenditures went up by 36% in real terms, raising the share of fiscal spending in GDP from 21% (1970) to 27% (1971), and as part of this expansion, the public sector engaged in a huge housing program, starting to build 76,000 houses in 1971, compared to 24,000 for 1970.<sup id="cite_ref-nber_70-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nber-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During a 1971 emergency program, over 89,000 houses were built, and during Allende's three years as president an average of 52,000 houses were constructed annually.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although the acceleration of inflation in 1972 and 1973 eroded part of the initial increase in wages, they still rose (on average) in real terms during the 1971–73 period.<sup id="cite_ref-google4_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-google4-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Additionally, Allende government had reduced inflation to 14% in the first nine months of 1971.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Allende's first step in early 1971 was to raise minimum wages (in real terms) for blue-collar workers by 37–41% and by 8–10% for white-collar workers. Education, food, and housing assistance expanded significantly, with public housing starts going up twelvefold and eligibility for free milk extended from age 6 to age 15. A year later, blue-collar wages were raised by 27% in real terms and white-collar wages became fully indexed.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Price controls were also set up, while the Allende Government introduced a system of distribution networks through various agencies (including local committees on supply and prices) to ensure that shopkeepers adhered to the new rules.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Agrarian_and_literacy_reforms">Agrarian and literacy reforms</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvador_Allende&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Agrarian and literacy reforms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The new Minister of Agriculture, <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Chonchol" title="Jacques Chonchol">Jacques Chonchol</a>, promised to expropriate all estates which were larger than eighty "basic" hectares (about 200 acres). That promise was kept, with no farm in Chile exceeding that limit by the end of 1972.<sup id="cite_ref-historyofchile_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-historyofchile-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Within eighteen months the Latifundia (extensive agricultural estates) had been abolished. The <a href="/wiki/Chilean_land_reform" title="Chilean land reform">agrarian reform</a> had involved the expropriation of 3,479 properties which, added to the 1,408 properties incorporated under the Frei government, made up some 40% of the total agricultural land area in the country.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_68-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Particularly in rural areas, the Allende government launched a campaign against illiteracy, while adult education programs expanded, together with educational opportunities for workers. From 1971 to 1973, enrolments in kindergarten, primary, secondary, and post-secondary schools all increased. The Allende government encouraged more doctors to begin practising in rural and low-income urban areas, and built additional hospitals, maternity clinics, and especially neighborhood health-centers that remained open for longer hours to serve the poor. Improved sanitation and housing facilities for low-income neighborhoods also equalized health-care benefits, while hospital councils and local health councils were established in neighborhood health-centers as a means of democratizing the administration of health policies. The councils gave central-government civil-servants, local-government officials, health-service employees, and community workers the right to review budgetary decisions.<sup id="cite_ref-google5_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-google5-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Allende government sought to bring the arts to the mass of the Chilean population by funding a number of cultural endeavours. With eighteen-year-olds and illiterates now granted the right to vote, mass participation in decision-making was encouraged by the Allende government, with traditional hierarchical structures now challenged by socialist egalitarianism. The Allende Government was able to draw upon the idealism of its supporters, with teams of "Allendistas" travelling into the countryside and shanty towns to perform volunteer work.<sup id="cite_ref-historyofchile_76-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-historyofchile-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Allende government also worked to transform Chilean popular culture through formal changes to school curriculum and through broader cultural education initiatives, such as state-sponsored music festivals and tours of Chilean folklorists and <a href="/wiki/Nueva_canci%C3%B3n" title="Nueva canción">nueva canción</a> musicians.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1971, the purchase of a private publishing house by the state gave rise to <a href="/wiki/Editorial_Quimantu" class="mw-redirect" title="Editorial Quimantu">Editorial Quimantu</a>, which became the center of the Allende Government's cultural activities. In the space of two years, 12 million copies of books, magazines, and documents (8 million of which were books) specializing in social analysis, were published. Cheap editions of great literary works were produced on a weekly basis, and in most cases were sold out within a day. Culture came into the reach of the masses for the first time, who responded enthusiastically. "Editorial Quimantu" encouraged the establishment of libraries in community organizations and trade unions. Through the supply of cheap textbooks, it enabled the Left to progress through the ideological content of the literature made available to workers.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_68-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>To improve social and economic conditions for women, the Women's Secretariat was established in 1971, which took on issues such as public laundry facilities, public food programs, day-care centers, and women's health care (especially prenatal care).<sup id="cite_ref-google6_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-google6-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The duration of maternity leave was extended from 6 to 12 weeks,<sup id="cite_ref-google7_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-google7-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while the Allende Government steered the educational system towards poorer Chileans by expanding enrollments through government subsidies.<sup id="cite_ref-google8_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-google8-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A "democratisation" of university education was carried out, making the system tuition-free, which led to an 89% rise in university enrollments between 1970 and 1973. The Allende Government also increased enrollment in secondary education from 38% in 1970 to 51% in 1974.<sup id="cite_ref-google9_82-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-google9-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Enrollment in education reached record levels, including 3.6 million young people, and 8 million school textbooks were distributed among 2.6 million pupils in primary education. An unprecedented 130,000 students were enrolled by the universities, which became accessible to peasants and workers. The illiteracy rate was reduced from 12% in 1970 to 10.8% in 1972, while the growth in primary school enrollment increased from an annual average of 3.4% in the period 1966–70 to 6.5% in 1971–1972. Secondary education grew at a rate of 18.2% in 1971–1972, and the average school enrollment of children between the ages of 6 and 14 rose from 91% (1966–70) to 99%.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_68-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Social_welfare_initiatives">Social welfare initiatives</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvador_Allende&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Social welfare initiatives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Social spending was dramatically increased, particularly for housing, education, and health, and a major effort was made to redistribute wealth to poorer Chileans. As a result of new initiatives in nutrition and health, together with higher wages, many poorer Chileans were able to feed and clothe themselves better than ever before. Public access to the social security system was increased, and state benefits such as family allowances were raised significantly.<sup id="cite_ref-historyofchile_76-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-historyofchile-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The redistribution of income enabled wage and salary earners to increase their share of national income from 51.6% (the annual average between 1965 and 1970) to 65% while family consumption increased by 12.9% in the first year of the Allende Government. In addition, while the average annual increase in personal spending had been 4.8% in the period 1965–70, it reached 11.9% in 1971.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_68-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the first two years of Allende's presidency, state expenditure on health rose from around 2% to nearly 3.5% of GDP. According to <a href="/wiki/Jennifer_Pribble" title="Jennifer Pribble">Jennifer E. Pribble</a>, the new spending "was reflected not only in public health campaigns, but also in the construction of health infrastructure".<sup id="cite_ref-google10_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-google10-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Small programs targeted at women were also experimented with, such as cooperative laundries and communal food preparation, together with an expansion of child-care facilities.<sup id="cite_ref-google11_84-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-google11-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The National Supplementary Food Program was extended to all primary school pupils and to all pregnant women, regardless of their employment or income condition. Complementary nutritional schemes were applied to malnourished children, while antenatal care was emphasized.<sup id="cite_ref-google12_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-google12-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under Allende, the proportion of children under the age of 6 with some form of malnutrition fell by 17%.<sup id="cite_ref-google13_64-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-google13-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Apart from the existing Supply and Prices councils (community-based bodies which controlled the distribution of essential groups in working-class districts, and were a popular, not government, initiative),<sup id="cite_ref-unu_86-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-unu-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> community-based distribution centers and shops were developed, which sold directly in working-class neighborhoods. The Allende government felt obliged to increase its intervention in marketing activities, and state involvement in grocery distribution reached 33%.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_68-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The CUT (central labor confederation) was accorded legal recognition,<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and its membership grew from 700,000 to almost 1 million. In enterprises in the Area of Social Ownership, an assembly of the workers elected half of the members of the management council for each company. Those bodies replaced the former board of directors.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_68-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Minimum pensions were increased by amounts equal to two or three times the inflation rate, and between 1970 and 1972, such pensions increased by a total of 550%. The incomes of 300,000 retirement pensioners were increased by the government from one-third of the minimum salary to the full amount. Labor insurance cover was extended to 200,000 market traders, 130,000 small shop proprietors, 30,000 small industrialists, small owners, transport workers, clergy, professional sportsmen, and artisans. The public health service was improved, with the establishment of a system of clinics in working-class neighborhoods on the peripheries of the major cities, providing a health center for every 40,000 inhabitants. Statistics for construction in general, and housebuilding in particular, reached some of the highest levels in the history of Chile. Four million square metres were completed in 1971–72, compared to an annual average of <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style><span class="frac">2<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> million between 1965 and 1970. Workers were able to acquire goods which had previously been beyond their reach, such as heaters, refrigerators, and television sets. As further noted by Ricardo Israel Zipper, "By now meat was no longer a luxury, and the children of working people were adequately supplied with shoes and clothing. The popular living standards were improved in terms of the employment situation, social services, consumption levels, and income distribution."<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_68-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Economic_policy">Economic policy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvador_Allende&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Economic policy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Ref_expand plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/40px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/60px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/80px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs more complete <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">citations</a> for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Help:Footnotes" title="Help:Footnotes">add missing citation information</a> so that sources are clearly identifiable.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">October 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chile-the-real-wage-1967-1977_with_lines.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Chile-the-real-wage-1967-1977_with_lines.png/400px-Chile-the-real-wage-1967-1977_with_lines.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="283" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Chile-the-real-wage-1967-1977_with_lines.png/600px-Chile-the-real-wage-1967-1977_with_lines.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Chile-the-real-wage-1967-1977_with_lines.png/800px-Chile-the-real-wage-1967-1977_with_lines.png 2x" data-file-width="1212" data-file-height="858" /></a><figcaption>Chile real wages between 1967 and 1977. Orange lines mark the beginning and end of Allende's presidency.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Chilean presidents were allowed a maximum term of six years, which may explain Allende's haste to restructure the economy. Not only was a major restructuring program organized (the <a href="/wiki/Vuskovic_plan" title="Vuskovic plan">Vuskovic plan</a>), he also had to make it a success if a left-wing successor to Allende was going to be elected. In the first year of Allende's term, the short-term economic results of the economy minister <a href="/wiki/Pedro_Vuskovic" title="Pedro Vuskovic">Pedro Vuskovic</a>'s expansive monetary policy were highly favorable: 12% industrial growth and an 8.6% increase in GDP, accompanied by major declines in inflation (down from 34.9% to 22.1%) and unemployment (down to 3.8%). By 1972, the <a href="/wiki/Chilean_escudo" title="Chilean escudo">Chilean escudo</a> had an inflation rate of 140%. The average real GDP contracted between 1971 and 1973 at an annual rate of a 5.6% negative growth, and the government's fiscal deficit soared while foreign reserves declined.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Unemployment rates had dropped from 6.3% in 1970 to 3.5% in 1972 before dropping again in 1973 to the lowest ever recorded.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The combination of inflation and price controls, together with the disappearance of basic commodities from supermarket shelves, led to the rise of <a href="/wiki/Black_market" title="Black market">black markets</a> in rice, beans, sugar, and flour.<sup id="cite_ref-icarito-comienzan_91-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-icarito-comienzan-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Chilean economic situation was also somewhat exacerbated due to a US-backed campaign to fund worker <a href="/wiki/Strike_action" title="Strike action">strikes</a> in certain sectors of the economy.<sup id="cite_ref-covert_92-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-covert-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Allende government announced it would default on <a href="/wiki/Debt" title="Debt">debts</a> owed to international creditors and foreign governments. Allende also froze all prices while raising salaries. His implementation of the policies was strongly opposed by landowners, employers, businessmen and transporters associations, and some civil servants and professional unions. The rightist opposition was led by the <a href="/wiki/National_Party_(Chile,_1966%E2%80%931973)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Party (Chile, 1966–1973)">National Party</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_Chile" title="Catholic Church in Chile">Catholic Church</a> (which in 1973 was displeased with the direction of educational policy),<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and eventually the <a href="/wiki/Christian_Democratic_Party_(Chile)" title="Christian Democratic Party (Chile)">Christian Democrats</a>. There were growing tensions with foreign <a href="/wiki/Multinational_corporation" title="Multinational corporation">multinational corporations</a> and the government of the United States. </p><p>Allende undertook the pioneeristic <a href="/wiki/Project_Cybersyn" title="Project Cybersyn">Project Cybersyn</a>, a distributed <a href="/wiki/Decision_support_system" title="Decision support system">decision support system</a> for <a href="/wiki/Decentralized_planning_(economics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Decentralized planning (economics)">decentralized economic planning</a>, developed by British <a href="/wiki/Cybernetics" title="Cybernetics">cybernetics</a> expert <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Stafford_Beer" class="mw-redirect" title="Anthony Stafford Beer">Stafford Beer</a>. Based on the <a href="/wiki/Viable_system_model" title="Viable system model">experimental viable system model</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Neural_network" title="Neural network">neural network</a> approach to organizational design, the Project consisted of four modules: a network of <a href="/wiki/Telex" title="Telex">telex</a> machines (<i>Cybernet</i>) in all state-run enterprises that would transmit and receive information with the government in <a href="/wiki/Santiago" title="Santiago">Santiago</a>. Information from the field would be fed into statistical modeling software (<i>Cyberstride</i>) that would monitor production indicators, such as raw material supplies or high rates of worker absenteeism, in "almost" real time, alerting the workers in the first case and, in abnormal situations, if those parameters fell outside acceptable ranges by a very large degree, also the central government. The information would also be input into an economic simulation software (<i>CHECO</i>, for <i>CHilean ECOnomic simulator</i>) which featured a <a href="/wiki/Recursive_Bayesian_estimation" title="Recursive Bayesian estimation">Bayesian filtering and control setting</a> that the government could use to forecast the possible outcome of economic decisions. Finally, a sophisticated operations room (<i>Opsroom</i>) would provide a space where managers could see relevant economic data, formulate feasible responses to emergencies, and transmit advice and directives to enterprises and factories in alarm situations by using the telex network.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In conjunction with the system, the Cybersyn development team also planned the Cyberfolk device system, a closed television circuit connected to an interactive apparatus that would enable the citizenry to <a href="/wiki/Participative_democracy" class="mw-redirect" title="Participative democracy">actively participate</a> in economic and political decision-making.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Allende raised wages on a number of occasions throughout 1970 and 1971, but the wage hikes were negated by ongoing inflation of Chile's <a href="/wiki/Fiat_currency" class="mw-redirect" title="Fiat currency">fiat currency</a>. Although price rises had been high even under Frei (27% a year between 1967 and 1970), a basic basket of consumer goods rose by 120% from 190 to 421 escudos in one month alone, August 1972. From 1970 to 1972, while Allende was in government, exports fell 24% and imports rose 26%, with imports of food rising an estimated 149%.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:CITESHORT" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:CITESHORT"><span title="More information is required to link this short citation to its long citation. (October 2023)">incomplete short citation</span></a></i>]</sup> Export income fell due to a hard-hit copper industry; the price of copper on international markets fell by almost a third, and post-nationalization copper production fell as well. Copper is Chile's single most important export, as more than half of Chile's export receipts were from that sole commodity.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:CITESHORT" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:CITESHORT"><span title="More information is required to link this short citation to its long citation. (October 2023)">incomplete short citation</span></a></i>]</sup> The price of copper fell from a peak of $66 per ton in 1970 to only $48–49 in 1971 and 1972.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:CITESHORT" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:CITESHORT"><span title="More information is required to link this short citation to its long citation. (October 2023)">incomplete short citation</span></a></i>]</sup> Chile was already dependent on food imports, and the decline in export earnings coincided with declines in domestic food production following Allende's agrarian reforms.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foreign_policy">Foreign policy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvador_Allende&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Foreign policy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1971, Chile re-established diplomatic relations with Cuba, joining Mexico and Canada in rejecting a previously established <a href="/wiki/Organization_of_American_States" title="Organization of American States">Organization of American States</a> convention prohibiting governments in the <a href="/wiki/Western_Hemisphere" title="Western Hemisphere">Western Hemisphere</a> from establishing diplomatic relations with Cuba. Shortly afterward, Cuban president <a href="/wiki/Fidel_Castro" title="Fidel Castro">Fidel Castro</a> made <a href="/wiki/Fidel_Castro%27s_state_visit_to_Chile" class="mw-redirect" title="Fidel Castro's state visit to Chile">a month-long visit to Chile</a>. Originally, the visit was supposed to be one week; however, Castro enjoyed Chile and one week led to another. Despite his attitude of socialist solidarity, Castro was reportedly critical of Allende's policies. Castro was quoted as saying that "Marxism is a revolution of production", whereas "Allende's was a revolution of consumption."<sup id="cite_ref-Rosentein-Rodan_99-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rosentein-Rodan-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Socioeconomic_and_political_tensions">Socioeconomic and political tensions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvador_Allende&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Socioeconomic and political tensions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Chile_truckers%27_strike" title="Chile truckers' strike">Chile truckers' strike</a></div> <p>In October 1972, the first of what were to be a wave of strikes was led first by truckers, and later by small businessmen, some (mostly professional) unions and some student groups. Other than the inevitable damage to the economy, the chief effect of the 24-day strike was to induce Allende to bring the head of the army, general <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Prats" title="Carlos Prats">Carlos Prats</a>, into the government as Interior Minister.<sup id="cite_ref-icarito-comienzan_91-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-icarito-comienzan-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Allende also instructed the government to commandeer trucks to keep the nation from coming to a halt. Government supporters also helped to mobilize trucks and buses, but violence served as a deterrent to full mobilization, even with police protection for the strike-breakers. Allende's actions were eventually declared unlawful by the Chilean appeals court and the government was ordered to return trucks to their owners.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Throughout his presidency, racial tensions between the poor descendants of indigenous people, who supported Allende's reforms, and the white elite increased.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Throughout his presidency, Allende remained at odds with the Chilean Congress, which was dominated by the Christian Democratic Party. In 1964, Eduardo Frei had promised a "Revolution in Liberty", a middle-class revolution that was funded by the United States government's <a href="/wiki/Alliance_for_Progress" title="Alliance for Progress">Alliance for Progress</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Frei carried out a series of progressive reforms, including <a href="/wiki/Land_reform" title="Land reform">land reform</a>, an issue that had not been touched since Chile's independence in the early 19th century. According to historian Marian Schlotterbeck, this was "[John F.] Kennedy's vision –?stave off the threat of communist revolution by improving standards of living across the continent".<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Christian Democrats had campaigned on a socialist platform in the 1970 elections but drifted away from those positions during Allende's presidency, and accused Allende of leading Chile toward a Cuban-style dictatorship and sought to overturn many of his more radical policies. They eventually formed a coalition with the <a href="/wiki/National_Party_(Chile,_1966)" title="National Party (Chile, 1966)">National Party</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Allende and his opponents in Congress repeatedly accused each other of undermining the Chilean Constitution and acting undemocratically. Allende's increasingly bold socialist policies (partly in response to pressure from some of the more radical members within his coalition), combined with his close contacts with Cuba, heightened fears in Washington. The Nixon administration continued exerting economic pressure on Chile via multilateral organizations and continued to back Allende's opponents in the Chilean Congress. Almost immediately after his election, Nixon directed <a href="/wiki/CIA" class="mw-redirect" title="CIA">CIA</a> and <a href="/wiki/US_State_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="US State Department">US State Department</a> officials to "put pressure" on the Allende government.<sup id="cite_ref-Still_105-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Still-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His economic policies were used by economists <a href="/wiki/Rudi_Dornbusch" title="Rudi Dornbusch">Rudi Dornbusch</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sebasti%C3%A1n_Edwards" title="Sebastián Edwards">Sebastián Edwards</a> to coin the term <a href="/wiki/Macroeconomic_populism" title="Macroeconomic populism">macroeconomic populism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1972, Chile's inflation stood at 150%.<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Foreign_relations_during_Allende's_presidency"><span id="Foreign_relations_during_Allende.27s_presidency"></span>Foreign relations during Allende's presidency</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvador_Allende&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Foreign relations during Allende's presidency"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Salvador Allende took office in a difficult international context. Chile was aligned with the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> in 1970. Elsewhere in Latin America, <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bolivia" title="Bolivia">Bolivia</a> were ruled by conservative military dictatorships (soon to be joined by <a href="/wiki/Uruguay" title="Uruguay">Uruguay</a>). <a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a> also had conservative, but democratically elected, governments. Only <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru">Peru</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a> viewed the Chilean socialist experiment with sympathy. Under Allende's presidency, Chile joined the <a href="/wiki/Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Non-Aligned Movement">Non-Aligned Movement</a>, a position that was then almost unique in Latin America.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceB_108-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceB-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chile, which until then had been fussy about ideological boundaries, diversified its diplomatic and trade relations, regardless of the internal political regime of each country. The government established diplomatic relations with two Latin American countries (Cuba and <a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana">Guyana</a>), seven African countries (<a href="/wiki/Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Republic of the Congo">Congo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Equatorial_Guinea" title="Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Zaire" title="Zaire">Zaire</a>), three European countries (Albania, East Germany and Hungary) and seven Asian countries (Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Cambodia, North Korea, China, Mongolia, South Vietnam and North Vietnam).<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceB_108-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceB-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It tried to promote Latin American integration. At the 1971 Latin American Economic and Social Council, the Chilean representative Gonzalo Martner García formulated four major proposals, summarized by the historian Jorge Magasich: "1) to ask the United States for a moratorium on external debt for a decade in order to allocate these sums to development policies; 2) to create a Latin American central bank to "invest Latin America's reserves, 70% of which are in the United States", to receive "the region's deposits and assets" and to coordinate the operations of the central banks in order to protect the region from financial turbulence; 3) Promote the creation of a global technology fund for development, fed by compulsory contributions of licenses, industrial processes and other funds for research, so as to limit the abuses associated with technological property; 4) Create a Latin American organisation for the development of science and technology appropriate to the region."<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceB_108-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceB-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He began negotiations with Bolivia over the historical dispute between the two countries (Bolivia had lost access to the sea since the <a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Pacific" title="War of the Pacific">War of the Pacific</a> between 1879 and 1884) and welcomed Bolivia's maritime request. Nevertheless, relations became tense again following a coup d'état by Bolivian General <a href="/wiki/Hugo_Banzer" title="Hugo Banzer">Hugo Banzer</a> in August 1971. At the same time, Chile granted asylum to thousands of political exiles from Latin American countries.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceB_108-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceB-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Salvador Allende openly rejected the influence of the <a href="/wiki/Organization_of_American_States" title="Organization of American States">Organization of American States</a> (OAS), a body close to the United States government, and the <a href="/wiki/General_Agreement_on_Tariffs_and_Trade" title="General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade">General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade</a> (GATT), which favored the interests of more developed countries. On the other hand, he was a fervent defender of the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Conference_on_Trade_and_Development" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Conference on Trade and Development">United Nations Conference on Trade and Development</a> (UNCTAD), which he considered to be more representative since it allowed economic and trade issues to be negotiated on an equal legal footing. In a speech to UNCTAD, he also warned of the policy of the United States, Japan and the <a href="/wiki/European_Economic_Community" title="European Economic Community">European Economic Community</a> to progressively eliminate obstacles to <a href="/wiki/Free_trade" title="Free trade">free trade</a>. He said that "freeing up trade ... erases at a stroke the benefits that the Generalised System of Preferences brings to developing countries".<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceB_108-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceB-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Allende's Popular Unity government tried to maintain normal relations with the United States. When Chile <a href="/wiki/Chilean_nationalization_of_copper" title="Chilean nationalization of copper">nationalized its copper industry</a>, the United States government cut off support and increased its support to the opposition. Forced to seek alternative sources of trade and finance, Chile gained commitments from the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> to invest some $400 million in Chile in the next six years. The United States Departement of State put it at $115 million from Eastern Europe and $65 million from China, while Soviet and Chilean Popular Unity sources put it at total of $620 million from socialist countries. Much of the credit was never utilized, and the Soviets were not willing to subsidize Chile the same way they did for Cuba.<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Allende's government was disappointed that it received far less economic assistance from the Soviets than it hoped for. Trade between the two countries did not significantly increase and the credits were mainly linked to the purchase of Soviet equipment. Moreover, credits from the Soviet Union were much less than those provided to the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Republic of China">People's Republic of China</a> and countries of the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Bloc" title="Eastern Bloc">Eastern Bloc</a>. When Allende visited the Soviet Union in late 1972 in search of more aid and additional lines of credit after three years, he was turned down.<sup id="cite_ref-google14_110-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-google14-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_States_involvement">United States involvement</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvador_Allende&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: United States involvement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/United_States_intervention_in_Chile" title="United States intervention in Chile">United States intervention in Chile</a></div> <p>The United States opposition to Allende started several years before he was elected President of Chile. Declassified documents show that from 1962 to 1964, the <a href="/wiki/CIA" class="mw-redirect" title="CIA">CIA</a> spent $3 million on anti-Allende propaganda "to scare voters away from Allende's FRAP coalition" and spent a total of $2.6 million to finance the presidential campaign of <a href="/wiki/Eduardo_Frei_Montalva" title="Eduardo Frei Montalva">Eduardo Frei</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-UsFrei_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UsFrei-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-1969congress_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1969congress-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The possibility of Allende winning Chile's 1970 election was deemed a disaster by the <a href="/wiki/Nixon_administration" class="mw-redirect" title="Nixon administration">Nixon administration</a> that wanted to protect American geopolitical interests by preventing the spread of Communism during the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In September 1970, then United States president <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a> informed the CIA that an Allende government in Chile would not be acceptable and authorized $10 million to stop Allende from coming to power or unseat him.<sup id="cite_ref-Hinchey_112-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hinchey-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A CIA document declared, "It is firm and continuing policy that Allende be overthrown by a coup."<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Henry_Kissinger" title="Henry Kissinger">Henry Kissinger</a>'s <a href="/wiki/40_Committee" class="mw-redirect" title="40 Committee">40 Committee</a> and the CIA planned to impede Allende's investiture as President of Chile with covert efforts known as "Track I" and "Track II"; Track I sought to prevent Allende from assuming power via so-called "parliamentary trickery", while under the Track II initiative, the CIA tried to convince key Chilean military officers to carry out a coup.<sup id="cite_ref-Hinchey_112-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hinchey-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some point to the involvement of the <a href="/wiki/Defense_Intelligence_Agency" title="Defense Intelligence Agency">Defense Intelligence Agency</a> agents that allegedly secured the missiles used to bombard <a href="/wiki/La_Moneda_Palace" title="La Moneda Palace">La Moneda Palace</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In fact, open US military aid to Chile continued during the Allende administration, and the national government was very much aware of that although there is no record that Allende himself believed that such assistance was anything but beneficial to Chile. During <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a>'s presidency, United States officials attempted to prevent Allende's election by financing political parties aligned with opposition candidate <a href="/wiki/Jorge_Alessandri" title="Jorge Alessandri">Jorge Alessandri</a> and supporting strikes in the mining and transportation sectors.<sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the 1970 election, the Track I operation attempted to incite Chile's outgoing president, <a href="/wiki/Eduardo_Frei_Montalva" title="Eduardo Frei Montalva">Eduardo Frei Montalva</a>, to persuade his party (<a href="/wiki/Christian_Democracy_(Chile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian Democracy (Chile)">PDC</a>) to vote in Congress for Alessandri.<sup id="cite_ref-ciaActivities_116-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ciaActivities-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Under the plan, Alessandri would resign his office immediately after assuming it and call new elections. Eduardo Frei would then be constitutionally able to run again (since the Chilean Constitution did not allow a president to hold two consecutive terms, but allowed multiple non-consecutive ones), and presumably easily defeat Allende. The Chilean <a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_(Chile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chamber of Deputies (Chile)">Congress</a> instead chose Allende as president, on the condition that he would sign a "Statute of Constitutional Guarantees" affirming that he would respect and obey the <a href="/wiki/Chilean_Constitution_of_1980" title="Chilean Constitution of 1980">Chilean Constitution</a> and that his reforms would not undermine any of its elements. Track II was aborted, as parallel initiatives already underway within the Chilean military rendered it moot.<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the second term of office of <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> President <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a>, the CIA acknowledged having played a role in Chilean politics before the coup, but its degree of involvement is debated. The CIA was notified by its Chilean contacts of the impending coup two days in advance but contends it "played no direct role in" the coup.<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Salvador_Allende,_1972.tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Salvador_Allende%2C_1972.tif/lossy-page1-220px-Salvador_Allende%2C_1972.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Salvador_Allende%2C_1972.tif/lossy-page1-330px-Salvador_Allende%2C_1972.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Salvador_Allende%2C_1972.tif/lossy-page1-440px-Salvador_Allende%2C_1972.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2831" data-file-height="1901" /></a><figcaption>Allende in 1972</figcaption></figure> <p>Much of the internal opposition to Allende's policies came from the business sector, and recently released United States government documents confirm that the United States indirectly<sup id="cite_ref-covert_92-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-covert-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> funded the truck drivers' strike,<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which exacerbated the already chaotic economic situation before the coup. The most prominent United States corporations in Chile before Allende's presidency were the <a href="/wiki/Anaconda_Copper" title="Anaconda Copper">Anaconda</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kennecott_Utah_Copper" title="Kennecott Utah Copper">Kennecott</a> copper companies and <a href="/wiki/ITT_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="ITT Corporation">ITT Corporation</a>, International Telephone and Telegraph. Both copper corporations aimed to expand privatized copper production in the city of <a href="/wiki/Sewell,_Chile" title="Sewell, Chile">Sewell</a> in the Chilean <a href="/wiki/Andes" title="Andes">Andes</a>, where the world's largest underground copper mine "El Teniente", was located.<sup id="cite_ref-multinationals_120-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-multinationals-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the end of 1968, according to <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Commerce" title="United States Department of Commerce">United States Department of Commerce</a> data, United States corporate holdings in Chile amounted to $964 million. Anaconda and Kennecott accounted for 28% of United States holdings, but ITT had by far the largest holding of any single corporation, with an investment of $200 million in Chile.<sup id="cite_ref-multinationals_120-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-multinationals-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1970, before Allende was elected, ITT owned 70% of Chitelco, the Chilean Telephone Company and funded <a href="/wiki/El_Mercurio" title="El Mercurio">El Mercurio</a>, a Chilean right-wing newspaper. Documents released in 2000 by the CIA confirmed that before the elections of 1970, ITT gave $700,000 to Allende's conservative opponent, Jorge Alessandri, with help from the CIA on how to channel the money safely. ITT president <a href="/wiki/Harold_Geneen" title="Harold Geneen">Harold Geneen</a> also offered $1 million to the CIA to help defeat Allende in the elections.<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After General <a href="/wiki/Augusto_Pinochet" title="Augusto Pinochet">Augusto Pinochet</a> assumed power, United States Secretary of State <a href="/wiki/Henry_Kissinger" title="Henry Kissinger">Henry Kissinger</a> told President Nixon that the United States "didn't do it" (referring to the coup) but "we helped them... created the conditions as great as possible".<sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Recent documents declassified under the <a href="/wiki/Clinton_administration" class="mw-redirect" title="Clinton administration">Clinton administration</a>'s Chile Declassification Project show that the United States government and the CIA sought to overthrow Allende in 1970 immediately before he took office ("<a href="/wiki/Project_FUBELT" title="Project FUBELT">Project FUBELT</a>"). Many documents regarding the United States intervention in Chile remain classified. Those that have been declassified showed that Nixon, Kissinger, and the United States government were aware of the coup and the plans to overthrow Allende's democratically elected government.<sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Relations_with_the_Soviet_Union">Relations with the Soviet Union</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvador_Allende&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Relations with the Soviet Union"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Political and moral support came mostly through the Communist Party and unions of the Soviet Union. For instance, Allende received the <a href="/wiki/Lenin_Peace_Prize" title="Lenin Peace Prize">Lenin Peace Prize</a> from the Soviet Union in 1972. At the same time, there were some fundamental differences between Allende and Soviet political analysts, who believed that some violence or measures that those analysts "theoretically considered to be just", should have been used.<sup id="cite_ref-Leonov_125-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Leonov-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Declarations from KGB General <a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Leonov" title="Nikolai Leonov">Nikolai Leonov</a>, former Deputy Chief of the First Chief Directorate of the KGB, confirmed that the Soviet Union supported Allende's government economically, politically and militarily.<sup id="cite_ref-Leonov_125-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Leonov-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Leonov stated in an interview at the <a href="/wiki/Centro_de_Estudios_P%C3%BAblicos" title="Centro de Estudios Públicos">Chilean Center of Public Studies</a> (CEP) that the Soviet economic support included over $100 million in credit, three fishing ships (that distributed 17,000 tons of frozen fish to the population), factories (as help after the 1971 earthquake), 3,100 tractors, 74,000 tons of wheat and more than a million tins of condensed milk.<sup id="cite_ref-Leonov_125-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Leonov-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In mid-1973, the Soviets approved the delivery of weapons (artillery and tanks) to the Chilean Army. When news of an attempt from the Army to depose Allende through a coup d'état reached Soviet officials, the shipment was redirected to another country.<sup id="cite_ref-Leonov_125-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Leonov-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Allende is mentioned in a book written by the official historian of the British Intelligence <a href="/wiki/MI5" title="MI5">MI5</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Andrew_(historian)" title="Christopher Andrew (historian)">Christopher Andrew</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to <a href="/wiki/Secret_Intelligence_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Secret Intelligence Service">SIS</a> and Andrew, the book is based on the handwritten notes of KGB archivist defector <a href="/wiki/Vasili_Mitrokhin" title="Vasili Mitrokhin">Vasili Mitrokhin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-The_Sword_and_the_Shield_127-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Sword_and_the_Shield-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Andrew alleged that the <a href="/wiki/KGB" title="KGB">KGB</a> said that Allende "was made to understand the necessity of reorganizing Chile's army and intelligence services, and of setting up a relationship between Chile's and the USSR's intelligence services."<sup id="cite_ref-Allende_128-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Allende-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Soviets observed closely whether the alternative form of socialism could work, and they did not interfere with the Chileans' decisions. <a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Leonov" title="Nikolai Leonov">Nikolai Leonov</a> affirmed that whenever he tried to give advice to Latin American leaders, he was usually turned down by them, and he was told that they had their own understanding on how to conduct political business in their countries. Leonov added that the relationships of KGB agents with Latin American leaders did not involve intelligence because their intelligence target was the United States. Since many North Americans were living in the region, the Soviets were focusing in recruiting agents from the United States. Latin America was also a better region for KGB agents to get in touch with their informants from the CIA or other contacts from the United States than inside that country.<sup id="cite_ref-Leonov_125-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Leonov-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Crisis">Crisis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvador_Allende&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Crisis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Monument_to_Salvador_Allende,_Munchner_Platz,_Dresden.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Monument_to_Salvador_Allende%2C_Munchner_Platz%2C_Dresden.jpg/220px-Monument_to_Salvador_Allende%2C_Munchner_Platz%2C_Dresden.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Monument_to_Salvador_Allende%2C_Munchner_Platz%2C_Dresden.jpg/330px-Monument_to_Salvador_Allende%2C_Munchner_Platz%2C_Dresden.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Monument_to_Salvador_Allende%2C_Munchner_Platz%2C_Dresden.jpg/440px-Monument_to_Salvador_Allende%2C_Munchner_Platz%2C_Dresden.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2056" data-file-height="3088" /></a><figcaption>Monument to Salvador Allende, Munchner Platz, Dresden</figcaption></figure> <p>On 29 June 1973, Colonel <a href="/wiki/Roberto_Souper" class="mw-redirect" title="Roberto Souper">Roberto Souper</a> surrounded the presidential palace, <a href="/wiki/La_Moneda_Palace" title="La Moneda Palace">La Moneda</a>, with his tank regiment but failed to depose the government.<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That failed coup d'état – known as the <i><a href="/wiki/Tanquetazo" title="Tanquetazo">Tanquetazo</a></i> ("tank putsch") – organised by the nationalist <i><a href="/wiki/Patria_y_Libertad" class="mw-redirect" title="Patria y Libertad">Patria y Libertad</a></i> paramilitary group, was followed by a general strike at the end of July that included the copper miners of El Teniente.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In August 1973, a <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_crisis" title="Constitutional crisis">constitutional crisis</a> occurred, and the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Chile" title="Supreme Court of Chile">Supreme Court of Chile</a> publicly complained about the inability of the Allende government to enforce the law of the land. On 22 August, the Chamber of Deputies (with the Christian Democrats uniting with the National Party) accused the government of unconstitutional acts through Allende's refusal to promulgate constitutional amendments, already approved by the Chamber, which would have prevented his government from continuing his massive <a href="/wiki/Nationalization" title="Nationalization">nationalization</a> plan<sup id="cite_ref-geomundos_130-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-geomundos-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and called upon the military to enforce constitutional order.<sup id="cite_ref-Se_desata_la_crisis_131-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Se_desata_la_crisis-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For months, Allende had feared calling upon the <i><a href="/wiki/Carabineros_de_Chile" title="Carabineros de Chile">Carabineros</a></i> ("Carabineers", the national police force), suspecting them of disloyalty to his government. On 9 August, President Allende appointed General <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Prats" title="Carlos Prats">Carlos Prats</a> as <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_National_Defense_(Chile)" title="Ministry of National Defense (Chile)">Minister of Defence</a>. On 24 August 1973, General Prats was forced to resign both as defense minister and as the <a href="/wiki/Chilean_Army" title="Chilean Army">commander-in-chief of the army</a>, embarrassed by both the <a href="/wiki/Alejandrina_Cox_incident" title="Alejandrina Cox incident">Alejandrina Cox incident</a> and a public protest in front of his house by the wives of his generals. General <a href="/wiki/Augusto_Pinochet" title="Augusto Pinochet">Augusto Pinochet</a> replaced him as Army commander-in-chief the same day.<sup id="cite_ref-Se_desata_la_crisis_131-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Se_desata_la_crisis-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Resolution_by_the_Chamber_of_Deputies">Resolution by the Chamber of Deputies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvador_Allende&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Resolution by the Chamber of Deputies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 22 August 1973, the Christian Democrats and the National Party members of the Chamber of Deputies joined to vote 81 to 47 in favor of a resolution that made accusation of disregard by the government of the separation of powers and arrogating legislative and judicial prerogatives to the executive branch of government, among other alleged constitutional violations.<sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The resolution asked the authorities to "put an immediate end" to "breach[es of] the Constitution ... with the goal of redirecting government activity toward the path of law and ensuring the Constitutional order of our Nation, and the essential underpinnings of democratic co-existence among Chileans."<sup id="cite_ref-Chamber_of_Deputies'_resolution_133-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chamber_of_Deputies'_resolution-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The resolution declared that Allende's government sought "to conquer absolute power with the obvious purpose of subjecting all citizens to the strictest political and economic control by the state ... [with] the goal of establishing ... a totalitarian system" and claimed that the government had made "violations of the Constitution ... a permanent system of conduct".<sup id="cite_ref-Chamber_of_Deputies'_resolution_133-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chamber_of_Deputies'_resolution-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Specifically, the government of Allende was accused of <a href="/wiki/Ruling_by_decree" class="mw-redirect" title="Ruling by decree">ruling by decree</a> and thwarting the normal legislative system; refusing to enforce judicial decisions against its partisans; not carrying out sentences and judicial resolutions that contravened its objectives; ignoring the decrees of the independent General Comptroller's Office; sundry media offenses, including usurping control of the National Television Network and applying economic pressure against those media organizations that were not unconditional supporters of the government; allowing its supporters to assemble with arms, and preventing the same by its right-wing opponents; supporting more than 1,500 illegal takeovers of farms; illegal repression of the <a href="/wiki/El_Teniente" title="El Teniente">El Teniente</a> miners' strike; and illegally limiting emigration.<sup id="cite_ref-Chamber_of_Deputies'_resolution_133-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chamber_of_Deputies'_resolution-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Finally, the resolution condemned the creation and development of government-protected socialist armed groups, which were said to be "headed towards a confrontation with the armed forces". President Allende's efforts to re-organize the military and the police forces were characterized as "notorious attempts to use the armed and police forces for partisan ends, destroy their institutional hierarchy, and politically infiltrate their ranks".<sup id="cite_ref-Chamber_of_Deputies'_resolution_133-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chamber_of_Deputies'_resolution-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Allende's_response"><span id="Allende.27s_response"></span>Allende's response</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvador_Allende&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Allende's response"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The resolution was later used by Pinochet as a way to justify the coup, which occurred two weeks later.<sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 24 August 1973, two days after the resolution, Allende responded. He accused the opposition of trying to incite a military coup by encouraging the armed forces to disobey civilian authorities.<sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He described the Congress's declaration as "destined to damage the country's prestige abroad and create internal confusion", and predicted: "It will facilitate the seditious intention of certain sectors." He observed that the declaration (passed 81–47 in the Chamber of Deputies) had not obtained the two-thirds Senate majority "constitutionally required" to convict the president of <a href="/wiki/Abuse_of_power" title="Abuse of power">abuse of power</a>, thus the Congress was "invoking the intervention of the armed forces and of Order against a democratically-elected government" and "subordinat[ing] political representation of national sovereignty to the armed institutions, which neither can nor ought to assume either political functions or the representation of the popular will."<sup id="cite_ref-La_respuesta_del_Presidente_Allende_136-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-La_respuesta_del_Presidente_Allende-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Allende argued that he had obeyed constitutional means for including military men to the cabinet at the service of civic peace and national security, defending republican institutions against insurrection and terrorism. In contrast, he said that Congress was promoting a coup d’état or a civil war with a declaration full of affirmations that had already been refuted beforehand and which in substance and process (directly handing it to the ministers rather than directly handing it to the president) violated a dozen articles of the then-current constitution. He further argued that the legislature was usurping the government's executive function.<sup id="cite_ref-La_respuesta_del_Presidente_Allende_136-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-La_respuesta_del_Presidente_Allende-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Allende wrote: "Chilean democracy is a conquest by all of the people. It is neither the work nor the gift of the exploiting classes, and it will be defended by those who, with sacrifices accumulated over generations, have imposed it ... With a tranquil conscience ... I sustain that never before has Chile had a more democratic government than that over which I have the honor to preside ... I solemnly reiterate my decision to develop democracy and a state of law to their ultimate consequences...Congress has made itself a bastion against the transformations ... and has done everything it can to perturb the functioning of the finances and of the institutions, sterilizing all creative initiatives." Adding that economic and political means would be needed to relieve the country's current crisis, and that the Congress was obstructing said means; having already paralyzed the state, they sought to destroy it. He concluded by calling upon the workers and all democrats and patriots to join him in defending the Chilean constitution and the revolutionary process.<sup id="cite_ref-La_respuesta_del_Presidente_Allende_136-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-La_respuesta_del_Presidente_Allende-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Coup">Coup</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvador_Allende&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Coup"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/1973_Chilean_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1973 Chilean coup d'état">1973 Chilean coup d'état</a></div> <p>In early September 1973, Allende floated the idea of resolving the constitutional crisis with a <a href="/wiki/Plebiscite" class="mw-redirect" title="Plebiscite">plebiscite</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>E<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His speech outlining such a solution was scheduled for Tuesday, 11 September but he was never able to deliver it. On that same day, the Chilean military under Pinochet, aided by the United States and its <a href="/wiki/CIA" class="mw-redirect" title="CIA">CIA</a>, staged a <a href="/wiki/Coup" class="mw-redirect" title="Coup">coup</a> against Allende,<sup id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who was at the head of the first democratically elected Marxist government in Latin America.<sup id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Historian <a href="/wiki/Peter_Winn" title="Peter Winn">Peter Winn</a> described the 1973 coup as one of the most violent events in Chilean history.<sup id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It led to a series of <a href="/wiki/Human_rights_abuses_in_Chile_under_Pinochet" class="mw-redirect" title="Human rights abuses in Chile under Pinochet">human rights abuses in Chile under Pinochet</a>, who initiated a brutal and long-lasting campaign of <a href="/wiki/Political_suppression" class="mw-redirect" title="Political suppression">political suppression</a> through torture, murder, and exile, which significantly weakened leftist opposition to the <a href="/wiki/Military_dictatorship_of_Chile" title="Military dictatorship of Chile">military dictatorship of Chile</a>, which ruled the country until 1990.<sup id="cite_ref-142" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-143" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to the coup's occurrence on the same date as the <a href="/wiki/11_September_attacks" class="mw-redirect" title="11 September attacks">11 September attacks</a> in the United States, it has sometimes been referred to as "the other 9/11".<sup id="cite_ref-144" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-144"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-145" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-146" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-146"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Death">Death</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvador_Allende&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Death_of_Salvador_Allende" title="Death of Salvador Allende">Death of Salvador Allende</a></div> <table class="toccolours" style="float: right; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 2em; font-size: 85%; background:#c6dbf7; color:black; width:30em; max-width: 50%;" cellspacing="5"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align: left;">"Workers of my country, I have faith in Chile and its destiny. Other men will overcome this dark and bitter moment when treason seeks to prevail. Keep in mind that, much sooner than later, the great avenues will again be opened through which will pass free men to construct a better society. Long live Chile! Long live the people! Long live the workers!" </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: left;">—President Allende's farewell speech, 11 September 1973.<sup id="cite_ref-en.wikisource.org_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-en.wikisource.org-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table><p> Just before the capture of <a href="/wiki/La_Moneda_Palace" title="La Moneda Palace">La Moneda</a> (the Presidential Palace), with gunfire and explosions clearly audible in the background, Allende gave his farewell speech to Chileans on live radio, speaking of himself in the past tense, of his love for Chile and of his deep faith in its future. He stated that his commitment to Chile did not allow him to take an easy way out, and he would not be used as a propaganda tool by those he called "traitors" (he refused an offer of safe passage).<sup id="cite_ref-147" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Juan Seoane, Chief of President Allende's Bodyguard at the time of the events – and who was with Allende until moments before his death – declared in an interview reported by the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Chile" title="University of Chile">University of Chile</a>:<sup id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><blockquote><p>"Allende began to say goodbye to us one by one, he gave us a hug and told us ‘<i>Thank you for everything, comrade, thank you for everything</i>'”, and then he said that he was going to leave last. He walked to the end of the line with his AK, turned around behind a wall, and then he shouted, '<i>Allende doesn't surrender</i>…!'. The shot was heard as fifteen meters from where we were". (Reports in <a href="/wiki/El_Tiempo_(Colombia)" title="El Tiempo (Colombia)">El Tiempo</a> and other Latin-American media confirmed Allende´s last words).<sup id="cite_ref-149" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-149"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote><p>Shortly afterwards, the coup plotters announced that Allende had committed suicide. An official announcement declared that the weapon he had used was an automatic rifle. Before his death he had been photographed several times holding an <a href="/wiki/AK-47" title="AK-47">AK-47</a>, a gift from <a href="/wiki/Fidel_Castro" title="Fidel Castro">Fidel Castro</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-150" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-150"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was found dead with that gun, according to contemporaneous statements made by officials in the Pinochet regime. In an interview with <a href="/wiki/David_Frost" title="David Frost">David Frost</a>, Allende's first cousin, <a href="/wiki/Isabel_Allende" title="Isabel Allende">Isabel Allende</a>, said that, at a family lunch nine days before his death, Allende had said that he would either stay till the end of this term of presidency or he would be taken out feet first.<sup id="cite_ref-151" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-151"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lingering doubts regarding the manner of Allende's death persisted throughout the period of the <a href="/wiki/Pinochet_regime" class="mw-redirect" title="Pinochet regime">Pinochet regime</a>. Many Chileans and independent observers refused to accept on faith the government's version of events amid speculation that Allende had been murdered by government agents. Pinochet had long left power and died when in 2011 a Chilean court opened a criminal investigation into the circumstances of Allende's death.<sup id="cite_ref-152" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-152"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-153" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-153"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Allende.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Allende.jpg/170px-Allende.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Allende.jpg/255px-Allende.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Allende.jpg/340px-Allende.jpg 2x" data-file-width="598" data-file-height="798" /></a><figcaption>Statue of Allende in front of the <a href="/wiki/La_Moneda_Palace" title="La Moneda Palace">Palacio de la Moneda</a>. A portion of the statue's drapery, shown worn as a cape, is the national flag of Chile.</figcaption></figure><p> The ongoing criminal investigation led to a May 2011 court order that Allende's remains be exhumed and autopsied by an international team of experts.<sup id="cite_ref-The_Guardian_154-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Guardian-154"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Results of the autopsy were officially released in mid-July 2011. The team of experts concluded that the former president had shot himself with an AK-47 assault rifle.<sup id="cite_ref-155" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-155"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>150<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December 2011 the judge in charge of the investigation affirmed the experts' findings and ruled Allende's death a suicide.<sup id="cite_ref-156" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-156"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>151<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 11 September 2012, the 39th anniversary of Allende's death, a Chilean appeals court unanimously upheld the trial court's ruling, officially closing the case.<sup id="cite_ref-157" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-157"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>152<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i> reported that a scientific autopsy of the remains had confirmed that "Salvador Allende committed suicide during the 1973 coup that toppled his socialist government."<sup id="cite_ref-The_Guardian_154-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Guardian-154"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It went on to say:<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"></p><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>British ballistics expert David Prayer said Allende died of two shots fired from an assault rifle that was held between his legs and under his chin and was set to fire automatically. The bullets blew out the top of his head and killed him instantly. The forensics team's conclusion was unanimous. Spanish expert Francisco Etxeberria said: "We have absolutely no doubt" that Allende committed suicide.<sup id="cite_ref-The_Guardian_154-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Guardian-154"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p><a href="/wiki/Isabel_Allende_Bussi" class="mw-redirect" title="Isabel Allende Bussi">Isabel Allende Bussi</a>, the daughter of Allende and a member of the <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Chile" title="Senate of Chile">Senate of Chile</a> told the BBC that: "The report conclusions are consistent with what we already believed. When faced with extreme circumstances, he made the decision of taking his own life, instead of being humiliated."<sup id="cite_ref-158" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-158"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>153<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The definitive and unanimous results produced by the 2011 Chilean judicial investigation appear to have laid to rest decades of nagging suspicions that Allende might have been assassinated by the Chilean Armed Forces. Public acceptance of the suicide theory had already been growing for much of the previous decade. In a post-junta Chile where restrictions on free speech were steadily eroding, independent and seemingly reliable witnesses began to tell their stories to the news media and to human rights researchers. The cumulative weight of the facts reported by those witnesses provided enough support for many previously unconfirmed details relating to Allende's death.<sup id="cite_ref-Gonzalez_159-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gonzalez-159"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>154<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Family">Family</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvador_Allende&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Family"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Allende_family" title="Allende family">Allende family</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hortensia_Bussi_-_Salvador_Allende.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Hortensia_Bussi_-_Salvador_Allende.jpg/150px-Hortensia_Bussi_-_Salvador_Allende.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Hortensia_Bussi_-_Salvador_Allende.jpg/225px-Hortensia_Bussi_-_Salvador_Allende.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Hortensia_Bussi_-_Salvador_Allende.jpg/300px-Hortensia_Bussi_-_Salvador_Allende.jpg 2x" data-file-width="431" data-file-height="465" /></a><figcaption>Allende with his wife Hortensia Bussi in 1971.</figcaption></figure> <p>Well-known relatives of Salvador Allende include his daughter <a href="/wiki/Isabel_Allende_(politician)" title="Isabel Allende (politician)">Isabel Allende Bussi</a> (a politician) and his <a href="/wiki/First_cousin_once-removed" class="mw-redirect" title="First cousin once-removed">cousin</a> <a href="/wiki/Isabel_Allende" title="Isabel Allende">Isabel Allende Llona</a> (a writer). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Memorials">Memorials</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvador_Allende&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Memorials"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On the 30th anniversary of his death, an Allende Museum opened in Chile, and an Allende foundation has since managed his estate.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_160-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-160"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>155<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="South_America">South America</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvador_Allende&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: South America"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Memorials to Allende include a statue in front of the <a href="/wiki/Palacio_de_la_Moneda" class="mw-redirect" title="Palacio de la Moneda">Palacio de la Moneda</a>. The placement of the statue was controversial; it was placed facing the eastern edge of the <a href="/wiki/Plaza_de_la_Ciudadan%C3%ADa" title="Plaza de la Ciudadanía">Plaza de la Ciudadanía</a>, a plaza which contains memorials to a number of <a href="/wiki/Chilean_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Chilean people">Chilean</a> statesmen. However, the statue is not located in the plaza, but rather on a surrounding sidewalk facing an entrance to the plaza. His tomb is a major tourist attraction. Allende is buried in the <a href="/wiki/Santiago_General_Cemetery" title="Santiago General Cemetery">general cemetery of Santiago</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-161" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-161"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>156<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There is a square in <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Paulo" title="São Paulo">São Paulo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a>, named after Allende. Also in <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rio_De_Janeiro" class="mw-redirect" title="Rio De Janeiro">Rio De Janeiro</a> has a <a href="/wiki/Rede_Integrada_de_Transporte" title="Rede Integrada de Transporte">BRT</a> station named after him. In <a href="/wiki/Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a>, the tourist port of <a href="/wiki/Managua" title="Managua">Managua</a> is named after him. The Salvador Allende Port is located near downtown Managua. The broken glasses of Allende were given to the <a href="/wiki/Chilean_National_History_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Chilean National History Museum">Chilean National History Museum</a> in 1996 by a woman who had found them in <a href="/wiki/La_Moneda" class="mw-redirect" title="La Moneda">La Moneda</a> in 1973.<sup id="cite_ref-162" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-162"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>157<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Europe">Europe</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvador_Allende&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Europe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lentes_Salvador_Allende.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Lentes_Salvador_Allende.jpg/220px-Lentes_Salvador_Allende.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Lentes_Salvador_Allende.jpg/330px-Lentes_Salvador_Allende.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Lentes_Salvador_Allende.jpg/440px-Lentes_Salvador_Allende.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>The remains of Salvador Allende's glasses following his death, as displayed in the <a href="/wiki/Chilean_National_History_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Chilean National History Museum">Chilean National History Museum</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In 1984, a memorial stone dedicated to him was erected in the Gajnice neighbourhood of <a href="/wiki/Zagreb" title="Zagreb">Zagreb</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-163" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-163"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is a bronze bust of him accompanied by a memorial stone in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Donaupark&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Donaupark (page does not exist)">Donaupark</a> in <a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-164" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-164"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>159<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-165" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-165"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>160<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Istanbul, a statue of Allende can be found side by side with <a href="/wiki/Mustafa_Kemal_Atat%C3%BCrk" title="Mustafa Kemal Atatürk">Mustafa Kemal Atatürk</a> in <a href="/wiki/Ata%C5%9Fehir" title="Ataşehir">Ataşehir</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-166" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-166"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>161<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>European landmarks named after Allende include one of the major streets in the <a href="/wiki/Karaburma" title="Karaburma">Karaburma</a> neighborhood of <a href="/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade">Belgrade</a>, an avenue linking the parishes of Caxias and Paço de Arcos in <a href="/wiki/Oeiras,_Portugal" title="Oeiras, Portugal">Oeiras, Portugal</a>, a park in La Spezia, Italy, a bridge in Terni, Italy, and a street in <a href="/wiki/Sokol_District" title="Sokol District">Sokol District</a>, Moscow, which was named after Allende soon after his death. A memorial plaque is also installed there. Further tributes include <a href="/w/index.php?title=Place_Salvador-Allende&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Place Salvador-Allende (page does not exist)">Salvador Allende Square</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Place_Salvador-Allende" class="extiw" title="fr:Place Salvador-Allende">fr</a>]</span> in the <a href="/wiki/7th_arrondissement_of_Paris" title="7th arrondissement of Paris">7th arrondissement of Paris</a>, near the Chilean embassy, the Plaza de Salvador Allende square in <a href="/wiki/Viladecans" title="Viladecans">Viladecans</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Barcelona" title="Barcelona">Barcelona</a>, and the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvador-Allende-Stra%C3%9Fe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salvador-Allende-Straße (page does not exist)">Salvador-Allende-Straße</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador-Allende-Stra%C3%9Fe" class="extiw" title="de:Salvador-Allende-Straße">de</a>]</span> avenue and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvador_Allende_Bridge&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salvador Allende Bridge (page does not exist)">a nearby bridge</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salvador-Allende-Br%C3%BCcke" class="extiw" title="de:Salvador-Allende-Brücke">de</a>]</span> in <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-167" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-167"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>162<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Streets in several other German cities, especially in former East Germany but also in the West, are named after Allende, as is a street in <a href="/wiki/Szeksz%C3%A1rd" title="Szekszárd">Szekszárd</a>, Hungary, and Allende Park in <a href="/wiki/Budapest" title="Budapest">Budapest</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-168" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-168"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>163<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Allende Avenue (5th Avenue) in <a href="/wiki/Harlow,_Essex" class="mw-redirect" title="Harlow, Essex">Harlow, Essex</a>, was renamed to Zelenskyy Avenue in May 2023 in recognition of the president of Ukraine, <a href="/wiki/Volodymyr_Zelenskyy" title="Volodymyr Zelenskyy">Volodymyr Zelenskyy</a>, during the <a href="/wiki/Russian_invasion_of_Ukraine" title="Russian invasion of Ukraine">Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-169" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-169"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>164<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-170" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-170"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>165<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="North_America">North America</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvador_Allende&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: North America"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2009, the <a href="/wiki/Salvador_Allende_Monument,_Montreal" title="Salvador Allende Monument, Montreal">Salvador Allende Monument, Montreal</a>, was installed in <a href="/wiki/Parc_Jean-Drapeau" class="mw-redirect" title="Parc Jean-Drapeau">Parc Jean-Drapeau</a>. A residential street in <a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a> has also been named after him.<sup id="cite_ref-171" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-171"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>166<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Africa">Africa</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvador_Allende&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Africa"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There is a street named after Allende in the capital city of <a href="/wiki/Maputo" title="Maputo">Maputo</a>, Mozambique.<sup id="cite_ref-172" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-172"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>167<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Asia">Asia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvador_Allende&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Asia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Malaysian rock band <a href="/wiki/Martin_Vengadesan" title="Martin Vengadesan">Martin Vengadesan</a> & The Stalemate Factor paid tribute with a folk song called <i>The Final Hours Of Salvador Allende</i><sup id="cite_ref-173" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-173"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>168<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which was released in 2018. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Postage_stamps">Postage stamps</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvador_Allende&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Postage stamps"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1973_CPA_4289.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/1973_CPA_4289.jpg/220px-1973_CPA_4289.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/1973_CPA_4289.jpg/330px-1973_CPA_4289.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/1973_CPA_4289.jpg/440px-1973_CPA_4289.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="677" /></a><figcaption>November 1973<sup id="cite_ref-174" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-174"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>169<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/USSR" class="mw-redirect" title="USSR">USSR</a> postage stamp. Probably the first Allende stamp, released after the coup.</figcaption></figure> <p>One of the first <a href="/wiki/Postage_stamp" title="Postage stamp">postage stamps</a> to commemorate Salvador Allende, released after the <a href="/wiki/1973_coup_in_Chile" class="mw-redirect" title="1973 coup in Chile">1973 coup in Chile</a>, was the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet</a> one. It was issued just two months after the event and had a circulation of 3.8 million. The issue was designed by the painter A. Kovrizhkin and bore the title "Salvador Allende, President of the Republic of Chile, Laureate of the Lenin Peace Prize, 1908 – 11.IX.1973".<sup id="cite_ref-175" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-175"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>170<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A stamp was released by <a href="/wiki/Magyar_Posta" title="Magyar Posta">Magyar Posta</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a> in 1974 shortly after the 11 September, <a href="/wiki/1973_coup_in_Chile" class="mw-redirect" title="1973 coup in Chile">1973 coup in Chile</a> that ended the socialist government of Salvador Allende. The stamp bore an image of Allende that had become popular during his election campaign in 1970.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Two other stamps, both on the tenth anniversary of the coup, represent extreme reactions to the event. <a href="/wiki/Scott_catalogue" title="Scott catalogue">Scott</a> <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a> #2605 shows the burning presidential palace of <a href="/wiki/La_Moneda" class="mw-redirect" title="La Moneda">La Moneda</a> ("The Mint") and a picture of Allende. The caption refers to him as having "fallen in combat".<sup id="cite_ref-Child05_176-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Child05-176"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>171<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In contrast, <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a>, still under the military dictatorship of General <a href="/wiki/Augusto_Pinochet" title="Augusto Pinochet">Augusto Pinochet</a> at that time, issued Scott <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a> #656, labeled "Ten Years of Liberty," celebrating the decade since the fall of Allende and the rise of the <i>junta</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Child05_176-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Child05-176"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>171<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Public_perception">Public perception</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvador_Allende&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Public perception"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Public_perception_of_Salvador_Allende" class="mw-redirect" title="Public perception of Salvador Allende">Public perception of Salvador Allende</a></div> <p>Allende is seen as a significant historical figure in Chile. The former <a href="/wiki/Social-democratic" class="mw-redirect" title="Social-democratic">social-democratic</a> president <a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Lagos" title="Ricardo Lagos">Ricardo Lagos</a> honored Allende as a humanist and a statesman.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_160-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-160"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>155<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvador_Allende&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-upper-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><div><ul><li><span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small"><a href="/wiki/American_English" title="American English">US</a>: </span><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/j/: 'y' in 'yes'">j</span><span title="/ɛ/: 'e' in 'dress'">ɛ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="'d' in 'dye'">d</span><span title="/eɪ/: 'a' in 'face'">eɪ</span></span>,<span class="wrap"> </span>-<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'d' in 'dye'">d</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling">ah-<span style="font-size:90%">YEND</span>-ay, -⁠ee</i></a>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991"><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small"><a href="/wiki/British_English" title="British English">UK</a>: </span><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span></span>-,<span class="wrap"> </span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/aɪ/: 'i' in 'tide'">aɪ</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/ɛ/: 'e' in 'dress'">ɛ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span></span>-/</a></span></span><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991"><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Latin American Spanish:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="es-419-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Spanish" title="Help:IPA/Spanish">[salβaˈðoɾ<span class="wrap"> </span>ɣiˈʝeɾmo<span class="wrap"> </span>aˈʝende<span class="wrap"> </span>ˈɣosens]</a></span></li></ul></div></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The precise matter of Allende's death is a subject of controversy. After decades of suspicions that Allende might have been assassinated by the Chilean Armed Forces, a Chilean court in 2011 authorized the exhumation and autopsy of Allende's remains. A team of international experts examined the remains and concluded that Allende had shot himself with an AK-47 assault rifle.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Communist Party belonged to the moderate wing of the <a href="/wiki/Popular_Unity_(Chile)" title="Popular Unity (Chile)">Unidad Popular</a> coalition, while Allende's Socialist Party was split between two factions; the moderate vía <i>pacífica</i> and the radical <i>vía insurreccional</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Angell159-160_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Angell159-160-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Quote from p. 195 – "Looking at the traditional macroeconomic variables, the first year of the UP Government achieved relatively spectacular results for the Chilean economy (see tables 7.7 and 7.8)".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Allende's personal adviser, Juan Garcés, escaped the siege on the Moneda Palace and fled to Europe, where he published testimonies about the last days of the administration: "On September 10, Allende had assembled his ministers in an extraordinary council to finalize the call announcing the plebiscite."<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvador_Allende&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvador_Allende&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/allende">"Allende"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Collins_English_Dictionary" title="Collins English Dictionary">Collins English Dictionary</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/HarperCollins" title="HarperCollins">HarperCollins</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190727182617/https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/allende">Archived</a> from the original on 27 July 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 July</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Collins+English+Dictionary&rft.atitle=Allende&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.collinsdictionary.com%2Fdictionary%2Fenglish%2Fallende&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Allende%20Gossens">"Allende Gossens"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Merriam-Webster" title="Merriam-Webster">Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary</a></i>. Merriam-Webster<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 July</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Merriam-Webster.com+Dictionary&rft.atitle=Allende+Gossens&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fdictionary%2FAllende%2520Gossens&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/isabel-allende">"Allende, Isabel"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Longman_Dictionary_of_Contemporary_English" title="Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English">Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Longman" title="Longman">Longman</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Longman+Dictionary+of+Contemporary+English&rft.atitle=Allende%2C+Isabel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ldoceonline.com%2Fdictionary%2Fisabel-allende&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPatsouras2005" class="citation book cs1">Patsouras, Louis (2005). <i>Marx in Context</i>. iUniverse. p. 265. <q>In Chile, where a large socialist movement was in place for decades, a socialist, Salvadore Allende, led a popular front electoral coalition, including Communists, to victory in 1970.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Marx+in+Context&rft.pages=265&rft.pub=iUniverse&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Patsouras&rft.aufirst=Louis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMedina2014" class="citation book cs1">Medina, Eden (2014). <i>Cybernetic Revolutionaries: Technology and Politics in Allende's Chile</i>. MIT Press. p. 39. <q>... in Allende's socialism.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cybernetic+Revolutionaries%3A+Technology+and+Politics+in+Allende%27s+Chile&rft.pages=39&rft.pub=MIT+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.aulast=Medina&rft.aufirst=Eden&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbcprofile-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bbcprofile_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/3089846.stm">"Profile of Salvador Allende"</a>. BBC. 8 September 2003. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170709090358/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/3089846.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 9 July 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 May</span> 2009</span>. <q>Chile's Salvador Allende was murdered in a United States-backed coup on 11 September 1973 – three years earlier he had become Latin America's first democratically-elected Marxist president.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Profile+of+Salvador+Allende&rft.date=2003-09-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Famericas%2F3089846.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cohen_1994,_pp._98–118-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cohen_1994,_pp._98–118_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cohen_1994,_pp._98–118_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCohen1994" class="citation book cs1">Cohen, Youssef (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lTTTBv4UJ_kC"><i>Radicals, Reformers, and Reactionaries: The Prisoner's Dilemma and the Collapse of Democracy in Latin America</i></a>. Chicago, Illinois: University of Chicago Press. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lTTTBv4UJ_kC&pg=PA98">98</a>–<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lTTTBv4UJ_kC&pg=PA118">118</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-2261-1271-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-2261-1271-8"><bdi>978-0-2261-1271-8</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 August</span> 2023</span> – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Radicals%2C+Reformers%2C+and+Reactionaries%3A+The+Prisoner%27s+Dilemma+and+the+Collapse+of+Democracy+in+Latin+America&rft.place=Chicago%2C+Illinois&rft.pages=98-118&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-2261-1271-8&rft.aulast=Cohen&rft.aufirst=Youssef&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlTTTBv4UJ_kC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Busky_2000,_pp._195–196-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Busky_2000,_pp._195–196_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Busky_2000,_pp._195–196_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBusky2000" class="citation book cs1">Busky, Donald F. (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3joQKjDtn4wC"><i>Democratic Socialism: A Global Survey</i></a>. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3joQKjDtn4wC&pg=PA195">195</a>–<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3joQKjDtn4wC&pg=PA196">196</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-275-96886-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-275-96886-1"><bdi>978-0-275-96886-1</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 August</span> 2023</span> – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Democratic+Socialism%3A+A+Global+Survey&rft.pages=195-196&rft.pub=Greenwood+Publishing+Group&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-275-96886-1&rft.aulast=Busky&rft.aufirst=Donald+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3joQKjDtn4wC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,907929-1,00.html">"Chile: The Bloody End of a Marxist Dream"</a>. <i>Time</i>. 24 September 1973. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-781X">0040-781X</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 August</span> 2023</span>. <q>Allende's downfall had implications that reached far beyond the borders of Chile. His had been the first democratically elected Marxist government in Latin America.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Chile%3A+The+Bloody+End+of+a+Marxist+Dream&rft.date=1973-09-24&rft.issn=0040-781X&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcontent.time.com%2Ftime%2Fsubscriber%2Farticle%2F0%2C33009%2C907929-1%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMabry2003" class="citation web cs1">Mabry, Don (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061030015859/http://www.historicaltextarchive.com/sections.php?op=viewarticle&artid=671">"Chile: Allende's Rise and Fall"</a>. <i>Historical Text Archive</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historicaltextarchive.com/sections.php?op=viewarticle&artid=671">the original</a> on 30 October 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Historical+Text+Archive&rft.atitle=Chile%3A+Allende%27s+Rise+and+Fall&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Mabry&rft.aufirst=Don&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.historicaltextarchive.com%2Fsections.php%3Fop%3Dviewarticle%26artid%3D671&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoss2006" class="citation news cs1">Ross, Jen (12 December 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.csmonitor.com/2006/1212/p06s01-woam.html">"Controversial legacy of former Chilean dictator"</a>. <i>Christian Science Monitor</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0882-7729">0882-7729</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080516194106/http://www.csmonitor.com/2006/1211/p00s01-woam.html">Archived</a> from the original on 16 May 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 August</span> 2023</span>. <q>Gen. Augusto Pinochet, who overthrew Chile's democratically elected Communist government in a 1973 coup and ruled for 17 years, died Sunday without ever having been condemned for the human rights abuses committed during his rule.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Christian+Science+Monitor&rft.atitle=Controversial+legacy+of+former+Chilean+dictator&rft.date=2006-12-12&rft.issn=0882-7729&rft.aulast=Ross&rft.aufirst=Jen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.csmonitor.com%2F2006%2F1212%2Fp06s01-woam.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAyala2020" class="citation web cs1">Ayala, Fernando (31 October 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.meer.com/en/63839-salvador-allende-and-the-chilean-way-to-socialism">"Salvador Allende and the Chilean way to socialism"</a>. <i>Meer</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Meer&rft.atitle=Salvador+Allende+and+the+Chilean+way+to+socialism&rft.date=2020-10-31&rft.aulast=Ayala&rft.aufirst=Fernando&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.meer.com%2Fen%2F63839-salvador-allende-and-the-chilean-way-to-socialism&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,907929,00.html">"Chile: The Bloody End of a Marxist Dream"</a>. <i>Time</i>. 24 September 1973. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140325035713/http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,907929,00.html">Archived</a> from the original on 25 March 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Chile%3A+The+Bloody+End+of+a+Marxist+Dream&rft.date=1973-09-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C907929%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span> "Allende's downfall had implications that reached far beyond the borders of Chile. His had been the first democratically elected Marxist government in Latin America. ... Recently, <i>Time</i> Correspondent Rudolph Rauch visited a group of truckers camped near Santiago who were enjoying a lavish communal meal of steak, vegetables, wine and empanadas (meat pies). 'Where does the money for that come from?' he inquired. 'From the CIA,' the truckers answered laughingly. In Washington, the CIA denied the allegation."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Winn_2010-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Winn_2010_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWinn2010" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Winn, Peter (2010). "Furies of the Andes". In Grandin & Joseph, Greg & Gilbert (ed.). <i>A Century of Revolution</i>. Durham, NC: Duke University Press. pp. 239–275.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Furies+of+the+Andes&rft.btitle=A+Century+of+Revolution&rft.place=Durham%2C+NC&rft.pages=239-275&rft.pub=Duke+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Winn&rft.aufirst=Peter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBriscoe2000" class="citation web cs1">Briscoe, David (20 September 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://abcnews.go.com/International/story?id=82588&page=1">"CIA Admits Involvement in Chile"</a>. <i>ABC News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ABC+News&rft.atitle=CIA+Admits+Involvement+in+Chile&rft.date=2000-09-20&rft.aulast=Briscoe&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fabcnews.go.com%2FInternational%2Fstory%3Fid%3D82588%26page%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEvans2023" class="citation web cs1">Evans, Michael (10 August 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://networks.h-net.org/group/discussions/20002594/national-security-archive-chiles-coup-50-kissinger-briefed-nixon-failed">"National Security Archive: Chile's Coup at 50: Kissinger Briefed Nixon on Failed 1970 CIA Plot to Block Allende Presidency"</a>. <i>H-Net</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=H-Net&rft.atitle=National+Security+Archive%3A+Chile%27s+Coup+at+50%3A+Kissinger+Briefed+Nixon+on+Failed+1970+CIA+Plot+to+Block+Allende+Presidency&rft.date=2023-08-10&rft.aulast=Evans&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnetworks.h-net.org%2Fgroup%2Fdiscussions%2F20002594%2Fnational-security-archive-chiles-coup-50-kissinger-briefed-nixon-failed&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilkinson2023" class="citation web cs1">Wilkinson, Tracy (29 August 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/politics/story/2023-08-29/us-releases-chile-coup-documents">"Previously classified documents released by U.S. show knowledge of 1973 Chile coup"</a>. <i>Los Angeles Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Previously+classified+documents+released+by+U.S.+show+knowledge+of+1973+Chile+coup&rft.date=2023-08-29&rft.aulast=Wilkinson&rft.aufirst=Tracy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Fpolitics%2Fstory%2F2023-08-29%2Fus-releases-chile-coup-documents&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-en.wikisource.org-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-en.wikisource.org_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-en.wikisource.org_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende%27s_Last_Speech" class="extiw" title="s:Salvador Allende's Last Speech">Salvador Allende's Last Speech</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edition.cnn.com/2012/09/11/world/americas/chile-allende-suicide/index.html">"Chilean court confirms Allende suicide - CNN.com"</a>. Edition.cnn.com. 11 September 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 September</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chilean+court+confirms+Allende+suicide+-+CNN.com&rft.pub=Edition.cnn.com&rft.date=2012-09-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2012%2F09%2F11%2Fworld%2Famericas%2Fchile-allende-suicide%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-14210729">"Chile inquiry confirms President Allende killed himself"</a>. Bbc.co.uk. 19 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 September</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chile+inquiry+confirms+President+Allende+killed+himself&rft.pub=Bbc.co.uk&rft.date=2011-07-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-latin-america-14210729&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Allende2-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Allende2_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121014043246/http://www2.eluniversal.com.mx/pls/impreso/noticia.html?id_nota=164983&tabla=notas">"Admite hija de Allende suicidio de su padre"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/El_Universal_(Mexico_City)" title="El Universal (Mexico City)">El Universal</a></i> (in Spanish). Mexico City. 17 August 2003. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.eluniversal.com.mx/pls/impreso/noticia.html?id_nota=164983&tabla=notas">the original</a> on 14 October 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=El+Universal&rft.atitle=Admite+hija+de+Allende+suicidio+de+su+padre&rft.date=2003-08-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww2.eluniversal.com.mx%2Fpls%2Fimpreso%2Fnoticia.html%3Fid_nota%3D164983%26tabla%3Dnotas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavison2009" class="citation news cs1">Davison, Phil (20 June 2009). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/hortensia-bussi-de-allende-widow-of-salvador-allende-who-helped-lead-opposition-to-chiles-military-dictatorship-1710766.html">"Hortensia Bussi De Allende: Widow of Salvador Allende who helped lead opposition to Chile's military dictatorship"</a></span>. <i>The Independent</i>. London. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220501/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/hortensia-bussi-de-allende-widow-of-salvador-allende-who-helped-lead-opposition-to-chiles-military-dictatorship-1710766.html">Archived</a> from the original on 1 May 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 April</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Hortensia+Bussi+De+Allende%3A+Widow+of+Salvador+Allende+who+helped+lead+opposition+to+Chile%27s+military+dictatorship&rft.date=2009-06-20&rft.aulast=Davison&rft.aufirst=Phil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fobituaries%2Fhortensia-bussi-de-allende-widow-of-salvador-allende-who-helped-lead-opposition-to-chiles-military-dictatorship-1710766.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141218154958/http://www.lanacion.cl/fueron-exhumados-los-restos-de-salvador-allende/noticias/2011-05-23/085914.html">"nacion.cl - Restos de Salvador Allende fueron exhumados"</a>. Lanacion.cl. 23 May 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lanacion.cl/fueron-exhumados-los-restos-de-salvador-allende/noticias/2011-05-23/085914.html">the original</a> on 18 December 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 September</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=nacion.cl+-+Restos+de+Salvador+Allende+fueron+exhumados&rft.pub=Lanacion.cl&rft.date=2011-05-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lanacion.cl%2Ffueron-exhumados-los-restos-de-salvador-allende%2Fnoticias%2F2011-05-23%2F085914.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAssociated_Press_in_Santiago2016" class="citation news cs1">Associated Press in Santiago (8 July 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/jul/08/former-chilean-army-chief-juan-emilio-cheyre-charged-1973-activists-killing">"Former Chilean army chief charged over 1973 killing of activists"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210505233818/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/jul/08/former-chilean-army-chief-juan-emilio-cheyre-charged-1973-activists-killing">Archived</a> from the original on 5 May 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Former+Chilean+army+chief+charged+over+1973+killing+of+activists&rft.date=2016-07-08&rft.au=Associated+Press+in+Santiago&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2016%2Fjul%2F08%2Fformer-chilean-army-chief-juan-emilio-cheyre-charged-1973-activists-killing&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-test-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-test_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130101083832/http://www.fundacionsalvadorallende.cl/salvador-allende/linea-del-tiempo/">"Línea de Tiempo – Fundación Salvador Allende"</a>. fundacionsalvadorallende.cl. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fundacionsalvadorallende.cl/salvador-allende/linea-del-tiempo/">the original</a> on 1 January 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=L%C3%ADnea+de+Tiempo+%E2%80%93+Fundaci%C3%B3n+Salvador+Allende&rft.pub=fundacionsalvadorallende.cl&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fundacionsalvadorallende.cl%2Fsalvador-allende%2Flinea-del-tiempo%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHermes_H._Benítez_&_Juan_Gonzalo_Rocha" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Hermes H. Benítez & Juan Gonzalo Rocha. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305141728/http://salvadorallende.blog.lemonde.fr/2010/05/18/los-verdaderos-nombres-de-allende/">"Los verdaderos nombres de Allende"</a> (in Spanish). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://salvadorallende.blog.lemonde.fr/2010/05/18/los-verdaderos-nombres-de-allende/">the original</a> on 5 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Los+verdaderos+nombres+de+Allende&rft.au=Hermes+H.+Ben%C3%ADtez+%26+Juan+Gonzalo+Rocha&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsalvadorallende.blog.lemonde.fr%2F2010%2F05%2F18%2Flos-verdaderos-nombres-de-allende%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elmostrador.cl/opinion/2014/03/18/la-senadora-allende-se-equivoca-sobre-el-nacimiento-de-su-padre/">"La senadora Allende se equivoca sobre el nacimiento de su padre"</a> (in Spanish). El Mostrador. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140318120840/http://www.elmostrador.cl/opinion/2014/03/18/la-senadora-allende-se-equivoca-sobre-el-nacimiento-de-su-padre/">Archived</a> from the original on 18 March 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=La+senadora+Allende+se+equivoca+sobre+el+nacimiento+de+su+padre&rft.pub=El+Mostrador&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.elmostrador.cl%2Fopinion%2F2014%2F03%2F18%2Fla-senadora-allende-se-equivoca-sobre-el-nacimiento-de-su-padre%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Guzman-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Guzman_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Guzman_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Guzman_30-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Guzman_30-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Guzman_30-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Guzman_30-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Patricio_Guzm%C3%A1n" title="Patricio Guzmán">Patricio Guzmán</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Salvador_Allende_(film)" title="Salvador Allende (film)">Salvador Allende</a></i> (film documentary, 2004)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.geni.com/people/José-Ramón-Allende-Padin/4326059713260055640">"José Ramón Allende Padin"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191224214910/https://www.geni.com/people/Jos%C3%A9-Ram%C3%B3n-Allende-Padin/4326059713260055640">Archived</a> from the original on 24 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jos%C3%A9+Ram%C3%B3n+Allende+Padin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.geni.com%2Fpeople%2FJos%C3%A9-Ram%C3%B3n-Allende-Padin%2F4326059713260055640&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120226031622/http://salvadorallende.blog.lemonde.fr/2009/06/27/el-personaje-de-hoy/">"El personaje de hoy: Salvador Allende"</a>. 14 July 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://salvadorallende.blog.lemonde.fr/2009/06/27/el-personaje-de-hoy/">the original</a> on 26 February 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=El+personaje+de+hoy%3A+Salvador+Allende&rft.date=2012-07-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsalvadorallende.blog.lemonde.fr%2F2009%2F06%2F27%2Fel-personaje-de-hoy%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211020075109/http://catalogoafudec.udec.cl/index.php/0002">Item 0002 – Laura Gossens de Allende</a>, catalogoafudec.udec.cl</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://interferencia.cl/articulos/ancestros-infancia-y-juventud-de-salvador-allende-gossens">Ancestros, infancia y juventud de Salvador Allende Gossens</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200922050108/https://interferencia.cl/articulos/ancestros-infancia-y-juventud-de-salvador-allende-gossens">Archived</a> 22 September 2020 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, interferencia.cl</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cronologia_de_Allende-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cronologia_de_Allende_35-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cronologia_de_Allende_35-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cronologia_de_Allende_35-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cronologia_de_Allende_35-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090101133934/http://www.fundacionsalvadorallende.cl/enlacesalida.php?num=5002">"Cronología de Salvador Allende"</a>. <i>Fundación Salvador Allende</i> (in Spanish). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fundacionsalvadorallende.cl/enlacesalida.php?num=5002">the original</a> on 1 January 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 August</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fundaci%C3%B3n+Salvador+Allende&rft.atitle=Cronolog%C3%ADa+de+Salvador+Allende&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fundacionsalvadorallende.cl%2Fenlacesalida.php%3Fnum%3D5002&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTallentire2010" class="citation news cs1">Tallentire, Mark (3 August 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/football/blog/2010/aug/03/everton-chile-football/">"A hundred years on, Everton face Everton for the first time"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. London. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170301041706/https://www.theguardian.com/football/blog/2010/aug/03/everton-chile-football">Archived</a> from the original on 1 March 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Calodges.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.calodges.org/no406/FAMASONS.HTM">the original</a> on 2 August 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 January</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Famous+Freemasons+Masonic+Presidents&rft.pub=Calodges.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.calodges.org%2Fno406%2FFAMASONS.HTM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elclarin.cl/fpa/temas/20.html">"Unmasked defamatory libel on Salvador Allende"</a>. 27 May 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071013162721/http://elclarin.cl/fpa/temas/20.html">Archived</a> from the original on 13 October 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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El Clarín de Chile's. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120811073713/http://www.elclarin.cl/fpa/pdf/p_020605.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 11 August 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 June</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+National+Security+Archive&rft.atitle=Chile+1964%3A+CIA+Covert+Support+in+Frei+Election+Detailed&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnsarchive.gwu.edu%2Fnews%2F20040925%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-1969congress-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-1969congress_46-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-1969congress_46-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v21/d3">"Memorandum for the 303 Committee:Final Report: March 1969 Chilean Congressional Election"</a>. <i>U.S. Department of State Office of the Historian</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150627172045/http://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v21/d3">Archived</a> from the original on 27 June 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 June</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=U.S.+Department+of+State+Office+of+the+Historian&rft.atitle=Memorandum+for+the+303+Committee%3AFinal+Report%3A+March+1969+Chilean+Congressional+Election&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhistory.state.gov%2Fhistoricaldocuments%2Ffrus1969-76v21%2Fd3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ciafrei-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ciafrei_47-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1964-68v31/d269">"Foreign Relations of the United States, 1964–1968, Document 269"</a>. <i>U.S. Department of State: Office of the Historian</i>. United States Department of State. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150630232317/http://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1964-68v31/d269">Archived</a> from the original on 30 June 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 June</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=U.S.+Department+of+State%3A+Office+of+the+Historian&rft.atitle=Foreign+Relations+of+the+United+States%2C+1964%E2%80%931968%2C+Document+269&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhistory.state.gov%2Fhistoricaldocuments%2Ffrus1964-68v31%2Fd269&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gonzalo Rojas Sanchez; Columna Centenaria, 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Angell159-160-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Angell159-160_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAngell1993" class="citation book cs1">Angell, Alan (1993). "Chile since 1958". In Bethell, Leslie (ed.). <i>Chile since independence</i>. Cambridge University Press. pp. 159–60, 167. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-43987-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-43987-6"><bdi>0-521-43987-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chile+since+1958&rft.btitle=Chile+since+independence&rft.pages=159-60%2C+167&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=0-521-43987-6&rft.aulast=Angell&rft.aufirst=Alan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETutee2–3-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETutee2–3_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTutee">Tutee</a>, pp. 2–3.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETutee3–4-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETutee3–4_52-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTutee">Tutee</a>, pp. 3–4.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETutee6-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETutee6_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTutee">Tutee</a>, p. 6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETutee7-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETutee7_54-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTutee">Tutee</a>, p. 7.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDebray1971" class="citation book cs1">Debray, Régis (1971). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=C2F-AAAAMAAJ"><i>The Chilean Revolution: Conversations with Allende</i></a>. Vintage Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-394-71726-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-394-71726-5"><bdi>978-0-394-71726-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Chilean+Revolution%3A+Conversations+with+Allende&rft.pub=Vintage+Books&rft.date=1971&rft.isbn=978-0-394-71726-5&rft.aulast=Debray&rft.aufirst=R%C3%A9gis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DC2F-AAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRégis_Debray1972" class="citation book cs1">Régis Debray (1972). <i>The Chilean Revolution: Conversations with Allende</i>. New York: Vintage Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Chilean+Revolution%3A+Conversations+with+Allende&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Vintage+Books&rft.date=1972&rft.au=R%C3%A9gis+Debray&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elcato.org/node/2108">"Como Allende destruyo la democracia en Chile"</a> (in Spanish). elcato.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061230210038/http://www.elcato.org/node/2108">Archived</a> from the original on 30 December 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 December</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Como+Allende+destruyo+la+democracia+en+Chile&rft.pub=elcato.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.elcato.org%2Fnode%2F2108&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marxists.org/archive/allende/1970/september/20.htm">First speech to the Chilean parliament after his election </a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050307181050/http://icarito.latercera.cl/icarito/2003/912/pag1a.htm">"La Unidad Popular"</a> (in Spanish). icarito.latercera.cl. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://icarito.latercera.cl/icarito/2003/912/pag1a.htm">the original</a> on 7 March 2005.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=La+Unidad+Popular&rft.pub=icarito.latercera.cl&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ficarito.latercera.cl%2Ficarito%2F2003%2F912%2Fpag1a.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span>, archived 7 March 2005 on the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Collier & Sater, 1996.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Chilean_Revolution-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-The_Chilean_Revolution_61-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_Chilean_Revolution_61-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPeter2009" class="citation book cs1">Peter, Winn (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=esXNFfu6LesC&pg=PA59"><i>The Chilean Revolution</i></a>. UNESP. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788571399952" title="Special:BookSources/9788571399952"><bdi>9788571399952</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Chilean+Revolution&rft.pub=UNESP&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9788571399952&rft.aulast=Peter&rft.aufirst=Winn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DesXNFfu6LesC%26pg%3DPA59&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCompagnon2004" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Compagnon, Olivier (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/file/index/docid/133348/filename/Popular_Unity.pdf">"Popular Unity: Chile, 1970–1973"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. In Schlager, Neil (ed.). <i>Encyclopedia of Labor History Worldwide</i>. Vol. 2. St. James Press. pp. 128–31. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210304070141/https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/file/index/docid/133348/filename/Popular_Unity.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 4 March 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Popular+Unity%3A+Chile%2C+1970%E2%80%931973&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Labor+History+Worldwide&rft.pages=128-31&rft.pub=St.+James+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Compagnon&rft.aufirst=Olivier&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhalshs.archives-ouvertes.fr%2Ffile%2Findex%2Fdocid%2F133348%2Ffilename%2FPopular_Unity.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMamalakis1973" class="citation cs2">Mamalakis, Markos (10 August 1973), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNAAA696.pdf"><i>Income Redistribution in Chile Under Salvador Allende</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, Paper presented on 17 August 1973 at the <a href="/wiki/Western_Economic_Association_International" title="Western Economic Association International">Western Economic Association</a> Meetings in Claremont, California, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210601203611/http://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNAAA696.pdf">archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 1 June 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 July</span> 2021</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Income+Redistribution+in+Chile+Under+Salvador+Allende&rft.date=1973-08-10&rft.aulast=Mamalakis&rft.aufirst=Markos&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpdf.usaid.gov%2Fpdf_docs%2FPNAAA696.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-google13-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-google13_64-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-google13_64-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcGuire,_J.W.2010" class="citation book cs1">McGuire, J.W. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rWDtYBxVAUkC"><i>Wealth, Health, and Democracy in East Asia and Latin America</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. p. 104. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-139-48622-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-139-48622-4"><bdi>978-1-139-48622-4</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191227070150/https://books.google.com/books?id=rWDtYBxVAUkC">Archived</a> from the original on 27 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wealth%2C+Health%2C+and+Democracy+in+East+Asia+and+Latin+America&rft.pages=104&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-139-48622-4&rft.au=McGuire%2C+J.W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrWDtYBxVAUkC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-socialistparty-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-socialistparty_65-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArchivist2003" class="citation news cs1">Archivist (13 September 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.socialistparty.org.uk/keyword/Socialist_Party_and_CWI_public_figures/John_Reid/11625/13-09-2003/30-years-after-the-11-september-military-coup-the-lessons-of-chile">"Socialist Party :: Socialist Party and CWI public figures :: John Reid"</a>. <i>Socialist Party</i>. socialistparty.org.uk. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150904052721/http://www.socialistparty.org.uk/keyword/Socialist_Party_and_CWI_public_figures/John_Reid/11625/13-09-2003/30-years-after-the-11-september-military-coup-the-lessons-of-chile">Archived</a> from the original on 4 September 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Socialist+Party&rft.atitle=Socialist+Party+%3A%3A+Socialist+Party+and+CWI+public+figures+%3A%3A+John+Reid&rft.date=2003-09-13&rft.au=Archivist&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.socialistparty.org.uk%2Fkeyword%2FSocialist_Party_and_CWI_public_figures%2FJohn_Reid%2F11625%2F13-09-2003%2F30-years-after-the-11-september-military-coup-the-lessons-of-chile&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-google2-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-google2_66-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWright,_T.C.2001" class="citation book cs1">Wright, T.C. (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_HL6mTnSyjIC"><i>Latin America in the Era of the Cuban Revolution</i></a>. Praeger. p. 137. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-275-96705-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-275-96705-5"><bdi>978-0-275-96705-5</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191223071236/https://books.google.com/books?id=_HL6mTnSyjIC">Archived</a> from the original on 23 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Latin+America+in+the+Era+of+the+Cuban+Revolution&rft.pages=137&rft.pub=Praeger&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-0-275-96705-5&rft.au=Wright%2C+T.C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_HL6mTnSyjIC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-google3-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-google3_67-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHenderson,_J.D.Delpar,_H.Brungardt,_M.P.Weldon,_R.N.2000" class="citation book cs1">Henderson, J.D.; Delpar, H.; Brungardt, M.P.; Weldon, R.N. (2000). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/referenceguideto00hend"><i>A Reference Guide to Latin American History</i></a></span>. M.E. Sharpe. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/referenceguideto00hend/page/258">258</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-56324-744-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-56324-744-6"><bdi>978-1-56324-744-6</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Reference+Guide+to+Latin+American+History&rft.pages=258&rft.pub=M.E.+Sharpe&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-1-56324-744-6&rft.au=Henderson%2C+J.D.&rft.au=Delpar%2C+H.&rft.au=Brungardt%2C+M.P.&rft.au=Weldon%2C+R.N.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Freferenceguideto00hend&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_68-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_68-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_68-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_68-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_68-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_68-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_68-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_68-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Politics and Ideology in Allende's Chile</i> by Ricardo Israel Zipper.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="Please supply an ISBN for this book.">ISBN missing</span></a></i>]</sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (September 2024)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nber-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nber_70-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nber_70-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nber.org/chapters/c8301.pdf">"The Socialist-Populist Chilean Experience, 1970–1973"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180516212356/http://www.nber.org/chapters/c8301.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 16 May 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Socialist-Populist+Chilean+Experience%2C+1970%E2%80%931973&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nber.org%2Fchapters%2Fc8301.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCollinsLear1995" class="citation book cs1">Collins, Joseph; Lear, John (1995). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/chilesfreemarket00coll"><i>Chile's Free Market Miracle</i></a></span>. Food First. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/chilesfreemarket00coll/page/150">150</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780935028638" title="Special:BookSources/9780935028638"><bdi>9780935028638</bdi></a> – via <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chile%27s+Free+Market+Miracle&rft.pages=150&rft.pub=Food+First&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=9780935028638&rft.aulast=Collins&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.au=Lear%2C+John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fchilesfreemarket00coll&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-google4-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-google4_72-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarcel,_M.Solimano,_A.1993" class="citation book cs1">Marcel, M.; Solimano, A. (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2fAGjqWiF6oC"><i>Developmentalism, Socialism, and Free Market Reform: Three Decades of Income Distribution in Chile</i></a>. Vol. 1188. Policy Research Department, World Bank. p. 12. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191226082925/https://books.google.com/books?id=2fAGjqWiF6oC">Archived</a> from the original on 26 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Developmentalism%2C+Socialism%2C+and+Free+Market+Reform%3A+Three+Decades+of+Income+Distribution+in+Chile&rft.pages=12&rft.pub=Policy+Research+Department%2C+World+Bank&rft.date=1993&rft.au=Marcel%2C+M.&rft.au=Solimano%2C+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2fAGjqWiF6oC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAngell1973" class="citation journal cs1">Angell, Alan (1973). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/45314075">"Problems in Allende's Chile"</a>. <i>Current History</i>. <b>64</b> (378): 57–86. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1525%2Fcurh.1973.64.378.57">10.1525/curh.1973.64.378.57</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0011-3530">0011-3530</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/45314075">45314075</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:249804192">249804192</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+History&rft.atitle=Problems+in+Allende%27s+Chile&rft.volume=64&rft.issue=378&rft.pages=57-86&rft.date=1973&rft.issn=0011-3530&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A249804192%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F45314075%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1525%2Fcurh.1973.64.378.57&rft.aulast=Angell&rft.aufirst=Alan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F45314075&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Macroeconomics of populism in Latin America</i> by Rüdiger Dornbusch and <a href="/wiki/Sebasti%C3%A1n_Edwards" title="Sebastián Edwards">Sebastián Edwards</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Cambridge History of Latin America</i>, Vol. VIII, edited by Leslie Bethell.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-historyofchile-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-historyofchile_76-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-historyofchile_76-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-historyofchile_76-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>A History of Chile, 1808–1994</i>, by Simon Collier and William F. Sater.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-google5-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-google5_77-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndrain,_C.2010" class="citation book cs1">Andrain, C. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Acy-ZfWnSc4C"><i>Political Change in the Third World</i></a>. Routledge. p. 170. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-60129-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-60129-0"><bdi>978-0-415-60129-0</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191225152240/https://books.google.com/books?id=Acy-ZfWnSc4C">Archived</a> from the original on 25 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Political+Change+in+the+Third+World&rft.pages=170&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-415-60129-0&rft.au=Andrain%2C+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAcy-ZfWnSc4C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mularski, Jedrek. <i>Music, Politics, and Nationalism in Latin America: Chile During the Cold War Era</i>. Amherst: Cambria Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-60497-888-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-60497-888-9">978-1-60497-888-9</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-google6-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-google6_79-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShayne,_J.D.2004" class="citation book cs1">Shayne, J.D. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=u4npz4gmfxYC"><i>The Revolution Question: Feminisms in El Salvador, Chile, and Cuba</i></a>. Rutgers University Press. p. 81. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8135-3484-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8135-3484-8"><bdi>978-0-8135-3484-8</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191231194135/https://books.google.com/books?id=u4npz4gmfxYC">Archived</a> from the original on 31 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Revolution+Question%3A+Feminisms+in+El+Salvador%2C+Chile%2C+and+Cuba&rft.pages=81&rft.pub=Rutgers+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-8135-3484-8&rft.au=Shayne%2C+J.D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Du4npz4gmfxYC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-google7-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-google7_80-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaldez,_L.2002" class="citation book cs1">Baldez, L. (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=kevdZZZx1tQC"><i>Why Women Protest: Women's Movements in Chile</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. p. 107. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-01006-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-01006-1"><bdi>978-0-521-01006-1</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191221115348/https://books.google.com/books?id=kevdZZZx1tQC">Archived</a> from the original on 21 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Why+Women+Protest%3A+Women%27s+Movements+in+Chile&rft.pages=107&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-521-01006-1&rft.au=Baldez%2C+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DkevdZZZx1tQC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-google8-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-google8_81-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBizzarro,_S.2005" class="citation book cs1">Bizzarro, S. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HKV1WRT8ToEC"><i>Historical Dictionary of Chile</i></a>. Scarecrow Press. p. 247. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-6542-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-6542-6"><bdi>978-0-8108-6542-6</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191228093556/https://books.google.com/books?id=HKV1WRT8ToEC">Archived</a> from the original on 28 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+Dictionary+of+Chile&rft.pages=247&rft.pub=Scarecrow+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-8108-6542-6&rft.au=Bizzarro%2C+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHKV1WRT8ToEC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-google9-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-google9_82-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcGuire,_J.W.2010" class="citation book cs1">McGuire, J.W. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rWDtYBxVAUkC"><i>Wealth, Health, and Democracy in East Asia and Latin America</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. p. 101. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-139-48622-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-139-48622-4"><bdi>978-1-139-48622-4</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191227070150/https://books.google.com/books?id=rWDtYBxVAUkC">Archived</a> from the original on 27 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wealth%2C+Health%2C+and+Democracy+in+East+Asia+and+Latin+America&rft.pages=101&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-139-48622-4&rft.au=McGuire%2C+J.W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrWDtYBxVAUkC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-google10-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-google10_83-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPribble,_J.E.The_University_of_North_Carolina_at_Chapel_Hill._Political_Science:_Doctoral2008" class="citation book cs1">Pribble, J.E.; The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Political Science: Doctoral (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7NXleUwTa7EC"><i>Protecting the Poor: Welfare Politics in Latin America's Free Market Era</i></a>. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. p. 209. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-549-53588-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-549-53588-1"><bdi>978-0-549-53588-1</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Protecting+the+Poor%3A+Welfare+Politics+in+Latin+America%27s+Free+Market+Era&rft.pages=209&rft.pub=University+of+North+Carolina+at+Chapel+Hill&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-549-53588-1&rft.au=Pribble%2C+J.E.&rft.au=The+University+of+North+Carolina+at+Chapel+Hill.+Political+Science%3A+Doctoral&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7NXleUwTa7EC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged November 2023">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-google11-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-google11_84-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomas,_G.2013" class="citation book cs1">Thomas, G. (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oC1sjIMEOC4C"><i>Contesting Legitimacy in Chile: Familial Ideals, Citizenship, and Political Struggle, 1970–1990</i></a>. Pennsylvania State University Press. p. 49. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-271-04849-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-271-04849-9"><bdi>978-0-271-04849-9</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191228020738/https://books.google.com/books?id=oC1sjIMEOC4C">Archived</a> from the original on 28 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Contesting+Legitimacy+in+Chile%3A+Familial+Ideals%2C+Citizenship%2C+and+Political+Struggle%2C+1970%E2%80%931990&rft.pages=49&rft.pub=Pennsylvania+State+University+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0-271-04849-9&rft.au=Thomas%2C+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DoC1sjIMEOC4C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-google12-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-google12_85-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPan_American_Health_Organization2009" class="citation book cs1">Pan American Health Organization (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yh4oX7wrI_sC"><i>Social Protection in Health Schemes for Mother, Newborn and Child Populations: Lessons Learned from the Latin American Region</i></a>. Pan American Health Organization. p. 72. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9275128411" title="Special:BookSources/978-9275128411"><bdi>978-9275128411</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191223194833/https://books.google.com/books?id=yh4oX7wrI_sC">Archived</a> from the original on 23 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Social+Protection+in+Health+Schemes+for+Mother%2C+Newborn+and+Child+Populations%3A+Lessons+Learned+from+the+Latin+American+Region&rft.pages=72&rft.pub=Pan+American+Health+Organization&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-9275128411&rft.au=Pan+American+Health+Organization&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dyh4oX7wrI_sC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-unu-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-unu_86-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.unu.edu/unupress/unupbooks/80128e/80128E09.htm">"Food price policies and nutrition in Latin America"</a>. archive.unu.edu. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141006141031/http://archive.unu.edu/unupress/unupbooks/80128e/80128E09.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 6 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Food+price+policies+and+nutrition+in+Latin+America&rft.pub=archive.unu.edu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.unu.edu%2Funupress%2Funupbooks%2F80128e%2F80128E09.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBuchanan2006" class="citation cs2">Buchanan, Paul G. 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Washington, D.C.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060216175158/http://www.iglesia.cl/iglesiachile/2003/1973/aplenenu.html">"Declaración de la Asamblea Plenaria del Episcopado sobre la Escuela Nacional Unificada"</a> (in Spanish). Conferencia Episcopal de Chile. 11 April 1973. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iglesia.cl/iglesiachile/2003/1973/aplenenu.html">the original</a> on 16 February 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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(1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/165728">"Allende's Chile and the Soviet Union: A Policy Lesson for Latin American Nations Seeking Autonomy"</a>. <i>Journal of Interamerican Studies and World Affairs</i>. <b>21</b> (3): 339–68. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F165728">10.2307/165728</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0022-1937">0022-1937</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/165728">165728</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Interamerican+Studies+and+World+Affairs&rft.atitle=Allende%27s+Chile+and+the+Soviet+Union%3A+A+Policy+Lesson+for+Latin+American+Nations+Seeking+Autonomy&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=339-68&rft.date=1979&rft.issn=0022-1937&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F165728%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F165728&rft.aulast=Nogee&rft.aufirst=Joseph+L.&rft.au=Sloan%2C+John+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F165728&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-google14-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-google14_110-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMujal-León,_E.1989" class="citation book cs1">Mujal-León, E. (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=B_T9lNx9EJEC"><i>The USSR and Latin America: A Developing Relationship</i></a>. Unwin Hyman. p. 357. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-04-445165-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-04-445165-5"><bdi>978-0-04-445165-5</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131231094841/http://books.google.com/books?id=B_T9lNx9EJEC">Archived</a> from the original on 31 December 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+USSR+and+Latin+America%3A+A+Developing+Relationship&rft.pages=357&rft.pub=Unwin+Hyman&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-0-04-445165-5&rft.au=Mujal-Le%C3%B3n%2C+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DB_T9lNx9EJEC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071031132147/http://www.cepchile.cl/dms/archivo_1150_299/rev72_fermandois_ing.pdf">"Pawn or Player? Chile in the cold war"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cepchile.cl/dms/archivo_1150_299/rev72_fermandois_ing.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 31 October 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pawn+or+Player%3F+Chile+in+the+cold+war&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cepchile.cl%2Fdms%2Farchivo_1150_299%2Frev72_fermandois_ing.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hinchey-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hinchey_112-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hinchey_112-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://foia.state.gov/Reports/HincheyReport.asp">Hinchey Report</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091020110606/http://foia.state.gov/Reports/HincheyReport.asp">Archived</a> 20 October 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> CIA Activities in Chile. 18 September 2000. Retrieved 18 November 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSigmund1977" class="citation book cs1">Sigmund, Paul E. (1977). <i>The Overthrow of Allende and the Politics of Chile</i>. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press. p. 122. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0822952879" title="Special:BookSources/978-0822952879"><bdi>978-0822952879</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Overthrow+of+Allende+and+the+Politics+of+Chile&rft.place=Pittsburgh&rft.pages=122&rft.pub=University+of+Pittsburgh+Press&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=978-0822952879&rft.aulast=Sigmund&rft.aufirst=Paul+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Sun_Axelsson" title="Sun Axelsson">Axelsson, Sun</a> <i>Chili, le Dossier Noir. (Chile: The Black File)</i> Paris, France: <a href="/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Gallimard" title="Éditions Gallimard">Gallimard</a>, 1974, p. 87</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040807200347/http://cbsnews.cbs.com/stories/2000/09/11/world/main232452.shtml">"CIA Reveals Covert Acts in Chile"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cbsnews.cbs.com/stories/2000/09/11/world/main232452.shtml">the original</a> on 7 August 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 February</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CIA+Reveals+Covert+Acts+in+Chile&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcbsnews.cbs.com%2Fstories%2F2000%2F09%2F11%2Fworld%2Fmain232452.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ciaActivities-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ciaActivities_116-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070612225422/https://www.cia.gov/library/reports/general-reports-1/chile/index.html#1">"CIA Activities in Chile"</a>. cia.gov. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/reports/general-reports-1/chile/index.html#1">the original</a> on 12 June 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CIA+Activities+in+Chile&rft.pub=cia.gov&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cia.gov%2Flibrary%2Freports%2Fgeneral-reports-1%2Fchile%2Findex.html%231&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://foia.state.gov/Reports/ChurchReport.asp">"Church Report. Covert Action in Chile 1963–1973"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090911173014/http://foia.state.gov/Reports/ChurchReport.asp">Archived</a> 11 September 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, 18 December 1975.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cbsnews.cbs.com/stories/2000/09/11/world/main232452.shtml">CIA Reveals Covert Acts In Chile</a>, CBS News, 19 September 2000. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040807200347/http://cbsnews.cbs.com/stories/2000/09/11/world/main232452.shtml">Archived</a> 7 August 2004 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jonathan Franklin, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/international/story/0,3604,260382,00.html">Files show Chilean blood on US hands</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220125062058/https://www.theguardian.com/world/1999/oct/11/pinochet.chile">Archived</a> 25 January 2022 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i>The Guardian</i>, 11 October 1999.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-multinationals-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-multinationals_120-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-multinationals_120-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoran1974" class="citation book cs1">Moran, Theodore (1974). <i>Multinational Corporations and the Politics of Dependence: CoppeEncyclopedic r in Chile</i>. Princeton: Princeton University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Multinational+Corporations+and+the+Politics+of+Dependence%3A+CoppeEncyclopedic+r+in+Chile&rft.pub=Princeton%3A+Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=1974&rft.aulast=Moran&rft.aufirst=Theodore&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrandt1998" class="citation web cs1">Brandt, Daniel (28 November 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120908193001/http://www.namebase.org/chile.html">"U.S. Responsibility for the Coup in Chile"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/NameBase" title="NameBase">NameBase</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.namebase.org/chile.html">the original</a> on 8 September 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 January</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NameBase&rft.atitle=U.S.+Responsibility+for+the+Coup+in+Chile&rft.date=1998-11-28&rft.aulast=Brandt&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.namebase.org%2Fchile.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB123/chile.htm">"The Kissinger Telcons: Kissinger Telcons on Chile, National Security Archive Electronic Briefing Book No. 123, edited by Peter Kornbluh, posted May 26, 2004"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070912025948/http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB123/chile.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 12 September 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 November</span> 2005</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Kissinger+Telcons%3A+Kissinger+Telcons+on+Chile%2C+National+Security+Archive+Electronic+Briefing+Book+No.+123%2C+edited+by+Peter+Kornbluh%2C+posted+May+26%2C+2004&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gwu.edu%2F~nsarchiv%2FNSAEBB%2FNSAEBB123%2Fchile.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span> This particular dialogue can be found at <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB123/Box%2022,%20File%203,%20Telcon,%209-16-73%2011,50%20Mr.%20Kissinger-The%20Pres%202.pdf">"Telcon: September 16, 1973, 11:50 am Kissinger Talking to Nixon"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061128094653/http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB123/Box%2022,%20File%203,%20Telcon,%209-16-73%2011,50%20Mr.%20Kissinger-The%20Pres%202.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 28 November 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 November</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Telcon%3A+September+16%2C+1973%2C+11%3A50+am+Kissinger+Talking+to+Nixon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gwu.edu%2F~nsarchiv%2FNSAEBB%2FNSAEBB123%2FBox%252022%2C%2520File%25203%2C%2520Telcon%2C%25209-16-73%252011%2C50%2520Mr.%2520Kissinger-The%2520Pres%25202.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/briefing-book/chile/2020-11-06/allende-inauguration-50th-anniversary">"Allende and Chile: 'Bring Him Down'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. National Security Archive. 3 November 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 August</span> 2023</span> – via The George Washington University.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Allende+and+Chile%3A+%27Bring+Him+Down%27&rft.pub=National+Security+Archive&rft.date=2020-11-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnsarchive.gwu.edu%2Fbriefing-book%2Fchile%2F2020-11-06%2Fallende-inauguration-50th-anniversary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/briefing-book/chile/2023-08-08/chiles-coup-50-kissinger-briefed-nixon-failed-1970-cia-plot-block">"Chile's Coup at 50 Kissinger Briefed Nixon on Failed 1970 CIA Plot to Block Allende Presidency"</a>. National Security Archive. 8 August 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 August</span> 2023</span> – via The George Washington University.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chile%27s+Coup+at+50+Kissinger+Briefed+Nixon+on+Failed+1970+CIA+Plot+to+Block+Allende+Presidency&rft.pub=National+Security+Archive&rft.date=2023-08-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnsarchive.gwu.edu%2Fbriefing-book%2Fchile%2F2023-08-08%2Fchiles-coup-50-kissinger-briefed-nixon-failed-1970-cia-plot-block&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Leonov-125"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Leonov_125-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Leonov_125-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Leonov_125-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Leonov_125-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Leonov_125-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100228185053/http://www.cepchile.cl/dms/lang_2/doc_1140.html">"Soviet intelligence in Latin America during the Cold War – Lectures by General Nikolai Leonov"</a>. Centro de Estudios Publicos (Chile). 22 September 1999. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cepchile.cl/dms/lang_2/doc_1140.html">the original</a> on 28 February 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Soviet+intelligence+in+Latin+America+during+the+Cold+War+%E2%80%93+Lectures+by+General+Nikolai+Leonov&rft.pub=Centro+de+Estudios+Publicos+%28Chile%29&rft.date=1999-09-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cepchile.cl%2Fdms%2Flang_2%2Fdoc_1140.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/education/2003/feb/18/highereducation.academicexperts">"Just how intelligent?"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. 18 February 2003. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191224032926/https://www.theguardian.com/education/2003/feb/18/highereducation.academicexperts">Archived</a> from the original on 24 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 February</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Just+how+intelligent%3F&rft.date=2003-02-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Feducation%2F2003%2Ffeb%2F18%2Fhighereducation.academicexperts&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Sword_and_the_Shield-127"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-The_Sword_and_the_Shield_127-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndrew2001" class="citation book cs1">Andrew, Christopher (2001). <i>The Sword and the Shield</i>. Basic Books. p. 26. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-465-00312-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-465-00312-5"><bdi>0-465-00312-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Sword+and+the+Shield&rft.pages=26&rft.pub=Basic+Books&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0-465-00312-5&rft.aulast=Andrew&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Allende-128"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Allende_128-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Christopher Andrew and Vasili Mitrokhin <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100531100637/http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/article568154.ece">How 'weak' Allende was left out in the cold by the KGB</a> (excerpt from The Mitrokhin Archive Volume II), The Times (UK), 19 September 2005.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20041013002715/http://literature.rebelyouth.ca/educhile_1970s/tanquetazo.html">"Second coup attempt: <i>El Tanquetazo</i> (the tank attack)"</a>. Archived from the original on 13 October 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 May</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Second+coup+attempt%3A+El+Tanquetazo+%28the+tank+attack%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fliterature.rebelyouth.ca%2Feduchile_1970s%2Ftanquetazo.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span>, originally on RebelYouth.ca. Unsigned, but with citations. Archived on <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a> 13 October 2004.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-geomundos-130"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-geomundos_130-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.geomundos.com/chile/historia/resumen-de-la-historia_doc_16622.html">"historia de chile y controversia – Grupos en Geomundos"</a>. geomundos.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090831121613/http://www.geomundos.com/chile/historia/resumen-de-la-historia_doc_16622.html">Archived</a> from the original on 31 August 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=historia+de+chile+y+controversia+%E2%80%93+Grupos+en+Geomundos&rft.pub=geomundos.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.geomundos.com%2Fchile%2Fhistoria%2Fresumen-de-la-historia_doc_16622.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Se_desata_la_crisis-131"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Se_desata_la_crisis_131-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Se_desata_la_crisis_131-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.latercera.cl/medio/articulo/0,0,38035857_178048856_151840547,00.html">Se desata la crisis</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070802230054/http://www.latercera.cl/medio/articulo/0%2C0%2C38035857_178048856_151840547%2C00.html">Archived</a> 2 August 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, part of series "Icarito > Enciclopedia Virtual > Historia > Historia de Chile > Del gobierno militar a la democracia" on LaTercera.cl. Retrieved 22 September 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAgouborde2023" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Agouborde, María Victoria (23 August 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://elpais.com/chile/2023-08-23/la-camara-de-diputados-de-chile-lee-la-resolucion-de-1973-que-acuso-de-inconstitucional-al-gobierno-de-allende.html">"La Cámara de Diputados de Chile lee la resolución de 1973 que acusó de inconstitucional al Gobierno de Allende"</a>. <i>El País Chile</i> (in Spanish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=El+Pa%C3%ADs+Chile&rft.atitle=La+C%C3%A1mara+de+Diputados+de+Chile+lee+la+resoluci%C3%B3n+de+1973+que+acus%C3%B3+de+inconstitucional+al+Gobierno+de+Allende&rft.date=2023-08-23&rft.aulast=Agouborde&rft.aufirst=Mar%C3%ADa+Victoria&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Felpais.com%2Fchile%2F2023-08-23%2Fla-camara-de-diputados-de-chile-lee-la-resolucion-de-1973-que-acuso-de-inconstitucional-al-gobierno-de-allende.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chamber_of_Deputies'_resolution-133"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Chamber_of_Deputies'_resolution_133-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chamber_of_Deputies'_resolution_133-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chamber_of_Deputies'_resolution_133-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chamber_of_Deputies'_resolution_133-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Agreement_of_the_Chamber_of_Deputies_of_Chile" class="extiw" title="s:Agreement of the Chamber of Deputies of Chile">English translation</a> on Wikisource.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoldberg1975" class="citation journal cs1">Goldberg, Peter A. (1975). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2148700">"The Politics of the Allende Overthrow in Chile"</a>. <i>Political Science Quarterly</i>. <b>90</b> (1): 93–116. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2148700">10.2307/2148700</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0032-3195">0032-3195</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2148700">2148700</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Political+Science+Quarterly&rft.atitle=The+Politics+of+the+Allende+Overthrow+in+Chile&rft.volume=90&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=93-116&rft.date=1975&rft.issn=0032-3195&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2148700%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2148700&rft.aulast=Goldberg&rft.aufirst=Peter+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2148700&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAffairs1975" class="citation book cs1">Affairs, United States Congress House Committee on Foreign Affairs Subcommittee on Inter-American (1975). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-20JAAAAIAAJ"><i>United States and Chile During the Allende Years, 1970-1973: Hearings Before the Subcommittee on Inter-American Affairs of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, House of Representatives ...</i></a> U.S. Government Printing Office. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=-20JAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA393">393</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=United+States+and+Chile+During+the+Allende+Years%2C+1970-1973%3A+Hearings+Before+the+Subcommittee+on+Inter-American+Affairs+of+the+Committee+on+Foreign+Affairs%2C+House+of+Representatives+....&rft.pages=393&rft.pub=U.S.+Government+Printing+Office&rft.date=1975&rft.aulast=Affairs&rft.aufirst=United+States+Congress+House+Committee+on+Foreign+Affairs+Subcommittee+on+Inter-American&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-20JAAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-La_respuesta_del_Presidente_Allende-136"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-La_respuesta_del_Presidente_Allende_136-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-La_respuesta_del_Presidente_Allende_136-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-La_respuesta_del_Presidente_Allende_136-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span> <a class="external text" href="https://es.wikisource.org/wiki/Manifiesto_al_pa%C3%ADs_de_Salvador_Allende,_respondiendo_al_acuerdo_de_la_camara_de_diputados">La respuesta del Presidente Allende</a> on Wikisource. <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende%27s_Last_Speech" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Salvador Allende's Last Speech">English translation</a> on Wikisource. Retrieved 22 September 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNiedergang1973" class="citation news cs1">Niedergang, Marcel (29 September 1973). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lemonde.fr/archives/article/1973/09/29/le-jour-meme-du-coup-d-etat-militaire-allende-devait-annoncer-un-plebiscite-sur-le-maintien-des-institutions-democratiques_3097726_1819218.html?_ga=2.210696662.253475552.1585312576-339795860.1585312576">"LE JOUR MÊME DU COUP D'ÉTAT MILITAIRE Allende devait annoncer un plébiscite sur le maintien des institutions démocratiques"</a>. <i>The Monde</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220125062056/https://www.lemonde.fr/archives/article/1973/09/29/le-jour-meme-du-coup-d-etat-militaire-allende-devait-annoncer-un-plebiscite-sur-le-maintien-des-institutions-democratiques_3097726_1819218.html?_ga=2.210696662.253475552.1585312576-339795860.1585312576">Archived</a> from the original on 25 January 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 March</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Monde&rft.atitle=LE+JOUR+M%C3%8AME+DU+COUP+D%27%C3%89TAT+MILITAIRE+Allende+devait+annoncer+un+pl%C3%A9biscite+sur+le+maintien+des+institutions+d%C3%A9mocratiques&rft.date=1973-09-29&rft.aulast=Niedergang&rft.aufirst=Marcel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemonde.fr%2Farchives%2Farticle%2F1973%2F09%2F29%2Fle-jour-meme-du-coup-d-etat-militaire-allende-devait-annoncer-un-plebiscite-sur-le-maintien-des-institutions-democratiques_3097726_1819218.html%3F_ga%3D2.210696662.253475552.1585312576-339795860.1585312576&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPipes2003" class="citation book cs1">Pipes, Richard (2003). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/communismhistory00pipe"><i>Communism: A History</i></a></span>. The Modern Library. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/communismhistory00pipe/page/138">138</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8129-6864-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-8129-6864-6"><bdi>0-8129-6864-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Communism%3A+A+History&rft.pages=138&rft.pub=The+Modern+Library&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-8129-6864-6&rft.aulast=Pipes&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcommunismhistory00pipe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,907929,00.html">"Chile: The Bloody End of a Marxist Dream"</a>. <i>Time</i>. 24 September 1973. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140325035713/http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,907929,00.html">Archived</a> from the original on 25 March 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 August</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Time&rft.atitle=Chile%3A+The+Bloody+End+of+a+Marxist+Dream&rft.date=1973-09-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcontent.time.com%2Ftime%2Fmagazine%2Farticle%2F0%2C9171%2C907929%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span> 24 September 1973. "Allende's downfall had implications that reached far beyond the borders of Chile. His had been the first democratically elected Marxist government in Latin America..."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWinn2010" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Winn, Peter (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://read.dukeupress.edu/content/a-century-of-revolution">"Furies of the Andes"</a>. In Grandin & Joseph, Greg & Gilbert (ed.). <i>A Century of Revolution: Insurgent and Counterinsurgent Violence during Latin America's Long Cold War</i>. Durham, NC: Duke University Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YJ7ZBGy0wsIC&pg=PA259">259</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1215%2F9780822392859">10.1215/9780822392859</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8223-9285-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8223-9285-9"><bdi>978-0-8223-9285-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Furies+of+the+Andes&rft.btitle=A+Century+of+Revolution%3A+Insurgent+and+Counterinsurgent+Violence+during+Latin+America%27s+Long+Cold+War&rft.place=Durham%2C+NC&rft.pages=259&rft.pub=Duke+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1215%2F9780822392859&rft.isbn=978-0-8223-9285-9&rft.aulast=Winn&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fread.dukeupress.edu%2Fcontent%2Fa-century-of-revolution&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMichael_Evans" class="citation web cs1">Michael Evans. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB33/index.html">"National Security Archive Electronic Briefing Book No. 33"</a>. Gwu.edu<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 November</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=National+Security+Archive+Electronic+Briefing+Book+No.+33&rft.pub=Gwu.edu&rft.au=Michael+Evans&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gwu.edu%2F~nsarchiv%2FNSAEBB%2FNSAEBB33%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCollins2000" class="citation news cs1">Collins, Stephen (16 December 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120604004240/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/722163/Now-open---Pinochets-torture-chambers.html">"Now open – Pinochet's torture chambers"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a></i>. London. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/722163/Now-open---Pinochets-torture-chambers.html">the original</a> on 4 June 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 April</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Now+open+%E2%80%93+Pinochet%27s+torture+chambers&rft.date=2000-12-16&rft.aulast=Collins&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Ftravel%2F722163%2FNow-open---Pinochets-torture-chambers.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAguileraFredesDorfman2003" class="citation book cs1">Aguilera, Pilar; Fredes, Ricardo; Dorfman, Ariel (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/55665455"><i>Chile: The Other September 11</i></a>. Melbourne: Ocean Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-876175-50-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-876175-50-8"><bdi>1-876175-50-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/55665455">55665455</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chile%3A+The+Other+September+11&rft.place=Melbourne&rft.pub=Ocean+Press&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F55665455&rft.isbn=1-876175-50-8&rft.aulast=Aguilera&rft.aufirst=Pilar&rft.au=Fredes%2C+Ricardo&rft.au=Dorfman%2C+Ariel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F55665455&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrançois2018" class="citation book cs1">François, David (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1001447543"><i>Chile 1973, the Other 9/11: The Downfall of Salvador Allende</i></a>. Solihull, West Midlands: Helion & Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-912174-95-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-912174-95-9"><bdi>978-1-912174-95-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1001447543">1001447543</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chile+1973%2C+the+Other+9%2F11%3A+The+Downfall+of+Salvador+Allende&rft.place=Solihull%2C+West+Midlands&rft.pub=Helion+%26+Company&rft.date=2018&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1001447543&rft.isbn=978-1-912174-95-9&rft.aulast=Fran%C3%A7ois&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F1001447543&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOsborn2021" class="citation web cs1">Osborn, Catherine (10 September 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://foreignpolicy.com/2021/09/10/911-chile-1973-pinochet-allende-coup-constitution-constitutent-assembly/">"The Other 9/11"</a>. <i>Foreign Policy</i>. <q>In the run-up to the 20th anniversary of the 9/11 terrorist attacks on the United States this month, a leading Chilean university, the University of Concepción, held a series of panel discussions on their legacy. The program referred to the events as 'the other Sept. 11.'<br />'Other' because, in Chile, Sept. 11 is best known as the date of the country's own national tragedy: the 1973 U.S.-backed coup against leftist President Salvador Allende that ushered in over 16 years of military rule.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Foreign+Policy&rft.atitle=The+Other+9%2F11&rft.date=2021-09-10&rft.aulast=Osborn&rft.aufirst=Catherine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fforeignpolicy.com%2F2021%2F09%2F10%2F911-chile-1973-pinochet-allende-coup-constitution-constitutent-assembly%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-147"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-147">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1973/09/12/archives/socialist-says-allendeonce-spoke-of-suicide.html">"Socialist Says Allende Once Spoke of Suicide"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. 12 September 1973. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180723212629/https://www.nytimes.com/1973/09/12/archives/socialist-says-allendeonce-spoke-of-suicide.html">Archived</a> from the original on 23 July 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 April</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Socialist+Says+Allende+Once+Spoke+of+Suicide&rft.date=1973-09-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1973%2F09%2F12%2Farchives%2Fsocialist-says-allendeonce-spoke-of-suicide.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Galende, Federico (2021), <i>Los nombres extraviados de la historia</i>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Chile" title="University of Chile">University of Chile</a> - Cultura, 9 Septiembre 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://uchile.cl/noticias/179757/los-nombres-extraviados-de-la-historia">https://uchile.cl/noticias/179757/los-nombres-extraviados-de-la-historia</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-149">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/El_Tiempo_(Colombia)" title="El Tiempo (Colombia)">El Tiempo</a> (1921), <i>La historia del golpe militar que partió la historia de Chile.</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.eltiempo.com/mundo/latinoamerica/chile-11-de-septiembre-47-anos-del-golpe-de-estado-a-salvador-allende-536438">https://www.eltiempo.com/mundo/latinoamerica/chile-11-de-septiembre-47-anos-del-golpe-de-estado-a-salvador-allende-536438</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-150"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-150">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170220045754/http://www.cohaforum.org/">"The COHA Blog"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cohaforum.org/">the original</a> on 20 February 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 February</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+COHA+Blog&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcohaforum.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-151"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-151">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrost2013" class="citation web cs1">Frost, David (8 October 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aljazeera.com/program/the-frost-interview/2013/8/10/isabel-allende-forever-a-foreigner">"Isabel Allende: 'Forever a foreigner'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Al Jazeera</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Al+Jazeera&rft.atitle=Isabel+Allende%3A+%27Forever+a+foreigner%27&rft.date=2013-10-08&rft.aulast=Frost&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fprogram%2Fthe-frost-interview%2F2013%2F8%2F10%2Fisabel-allende-forever-a-foreigner&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-152"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-152">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBonnefoy2011" class="citation news cs1">Bonnefoy, Pascale (27 January 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/28/world/americas/28chile.html">"Chilean Judge Orders Investigation Into Allende's Death"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Chilean+Judge+Orders+Investigation+Into+Allende%27s+Death&rft.date=2011-01-27&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Bonnefoy&rft.aufirst=Pascale&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2011%2F01%2F28%2Fworld%2Famericas%2F28chile.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-153"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-153">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-latin-america-25646031">"Chile: court closes probe into ex-president Allende's death"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 7 January 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Chile%3A+court+closes+probe+into+ex-president+Allende%27s+death&rft.date=2014-01-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-latin-america-25646031&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Guardian-154"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-The_Guardian_154-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_Guardian_154-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_Guardian_154-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/jul/20/salvador-allende-committed-suicide-autopsy">"Chilean president Salvador Allende committed suicide, autopsy confirms"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. London. 19 July 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151016083124/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2011/jul/20/salvador-allende-committed-suicide-autopsy">Archived</a> from the original on 16 October 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Chilean+president+Salvador+Allende+committed+suicide%2C+autopsy+confirms&rft.date=2011-07-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2011%2Fjul%2F20%2Fsalvador-allende-committed-suicide-autopsy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-155"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-155">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141218154958/http://www.lanacion.cl/fueron-exhumados-los-restos-de-salvador-allende/noticias/2011-05-23/085914.html">"nacion.cl – Restos de Salvador Allende fueron exhumados"</a>. Lanacion.cl. 23 May 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lanacion.cl/fueron-exhumados-los-restos-de-salvador-allende/noticias/2011-05-23/085914.html">the original</a> on 18 December 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 September</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=nacion.cl+%E2%80%93+Restos+de+Salvador+Allende+fueron+exhumados&rft.pub=Lanacion.cl&rft.date=2011-05-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lanacion.cl%2Ffueron-exhumados-los-restos-de-salvador-allende%2Fnoticias%2F2011-05-23%2F085914.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-156">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://noticias.terra.com.co/internacional/latinoamerica/ministro-cierra-investigacion-sobre-allende-se-suicido,3b5fd07709b84310VgnVCM20000099f154d0RCRD.html">"Ministro cierra investigación sobre Allende: se suicidó – Terra Colombia"</a>. Noticias.terra.com.co. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201027155602/http://noticias.terra.com.co/internacional/latinoamerica/ministro-cierra-investigacion-sobre-allende-se-suicido,3b5fd07709b84310VgnVCM20000099f154d0RCRD.html">Archived</a> from the original on 27 October 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 September</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ministro+cierra+investigaci%C3%B3n+sobre+Allende%3A+se+suicid%C3%B3+%E2%80%93+Terra+Colombia&rft.pub=Noticias.terra.com.co&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnoticias.terra.com.co%2Finternacional%2Flatinoamerica%2Fministro-cierra-investigacion-sobre-allende-se-suicido%2C3b5fd07709b84310VgnVCM20000099f154d0RCRD.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-157"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-157">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edition.cnn.com/2012/09/11/world/americas/chile-allende-suicide/index.html">"Chilean court confirms Allende suicide"</a>. CNN. 11 September 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120913215421/http://edition.cnn.com/2012/09/11/world/americas/chile-allende-suicide/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on 13 September 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 September</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chilean+court+confirms+Allende+suicide&rft.pub=CNN&rft.date=2012-09-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2012%2F09%2F11%2Fworld%2Famericas%2Fchile-allende-suicide%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-158"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-158">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-14210729">"Chile inquiry confirms President Allende killed himself"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 19 July 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120915103753/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-14210729">Archived</a> from the original on 15 September 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 September</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Chile+inquiry+confirms+President+Allende+killed+himself&rft.date=2011-07-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-latin-america-14210729&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gonzalez-159"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gonzalez_159-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gonzalez Camus, Ignacio, <i>El día en que murió Allende</i> ("The Day That Allende Died"), 1988, pp. 282ff.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-160"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_160-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_160-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGlüsingHabbe2005" class="citation news cs1">Glüsing, Jens; Habbe, Christian (14 May 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.spiegel.de/international/spiegel/chilean-skeletons-was-salvador-allende-a-racist-a-356461.html">"Chilean Skeletons: Was Salvador Allende a Racist?"</a>. <i>Der Spiegel</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2195-1349">2195-1349</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Der+Spiegel&rft.atitle=Chilean+Skeletons%3A+Was+Salvador+Allende+a+Racist%3F&rft.date=2005-05-14&rft.issn=2195-1349&rft.aulast=Gl%C3%BCsing&rft.aufirst=Jens&rft.au=Habbe%2C+Christian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.spiegel.de%2Finternational%2Fspiegel%2Fchilean-skeletons-was-salvador-allende-a-racist-a-356461.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-161"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-161">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://en.mercopress.com/2011/09/12/former-chilean-president-allende-remains-buried-for-third-time-in-private-ceremony">"Former Chilean president Allende remains buried for third time in private ceremony"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160603223257/http://en.mercopress.com/2011/09/12/former-chilean-president-allende-remains-buried-for-third-time-in-private-ceremony">Archived</a> from the original on 3 June 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 February</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Former+Chilean+president+Allende+remains+buried+for+third+time+in+private+ceremony&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.mercopress.com%2F2011%2F09%2F12%2Fformer-chilean-president-allende-remains-buried-for-third-time-in-private-ceremony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-162"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-162">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorgado" class="citation web cs1">Morgado, José. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.24horas.cl/especial11deseptiembre/el-dia-que-teresa-rescato-los-lentes-de-allende-en-la-moneda-827900">"El día que Teresa rescató los lentes de Allende en La Moneda"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170701193248/http://www.24horas.cl/especial11deseptiembre/el-dia-que-teresa-rescato-los-lentes-de-allende-en-la-moneda-827900">Archived</a> from the original on 1 July 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 February</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=El+d%C3%ADa+que+Teresa+rescat%C3%B3+los+lentes+de+Allende+en+La+Moneda&rft.aulast=Morgado&rft.aufirst=Jos%C3%A9&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.24horas.cl%2Fespecial11deseptiembre%2Fel-dia-que-teresa-rescato-los-lentes-de-allende-en-la-moneda-827900&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-163"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-163">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blog.dnevnik.hr/nepoznatizagreb/oznaka/salvador-allende">"U posjeti Gajnicama i Allendeu"</a>. <i>Nepoznati Zagreb</i> (in Croatian). 10 July 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210624200246/https://blog.dnevnik.hr/nepoznatizagreb/oznaka/salvador-allende">Archived</a> from the original on 24 June 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Nepoznati+Zagreb&rft.atitle=U+posjeti+Gajnicama+i+Allendeu&rft.date=2018-07-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.dnevnik.hr%2Fnepoznatizagreb%2Foznaka%2Fsalvador-allende&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-164"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-164">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.derstandard.at/story/2159907/salvador-allende-bueste-kommt-in-den-donaupark">"Salvador-Allende-Büste kommt in den Donaupark"</a> [Salvador Allende bust comes to the Donaupark]. <i>Der Standard</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220125062058/https://www.derstandard.at/consent/tcf/story/2159907/salvador-allende-bueste-kommt-in-den-donaupark">Archived</a> from the original on 25 January 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Der+Standard&rft.atitle=Salvador-Allende-B%C3%BCste+kommt+in+den+Donaupark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.derstandard.at%2Fstory%2F2159907%2Fsalvador-allende-bueste-kommt-in-den-donaupark&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-165"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-165">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.geschichtewiki.wien.gv.at/Salvador-Allende-Denkmal">"Salvador-Allende-Denkmal"</a> [Salvador Allende memorial]. <i>Vienna History Wiki</i>. City of Vienna. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220125062106/https://www.geschichtewiki.wien.gv.at/Salvador-Allende-Denkmal">Archived</a> from the original on 25 January 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Vienna+History+Wiki&rft.atitle=Salvador-Allende-Denkmal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.geschichtewiki.wien.gv.at%2FSalvador-Allende-Denkmal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-166"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-166">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kulturenvanteri.com/yer/mustafa-kemal-ataturk-ve-salvador-allende-heykeli/#16/40.990578/29.131344">"Kültür Envanteri – Mustafa Kemal Atatürk ve Salvador Allende Heykeli"</a>. 15 June 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=K%C3%BClt%C3%BCr+Envanteri+%E2%80%93+Mustafa+Kemal+Atat%C3%BCrk+ve+Salvador+Allende+Heykeli&rft.date=2022-06-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkulturenvanteri.com%2Fyer%2Fmustafa-kemal-ataturk-ve-salvador-allende-heykeli%2F%2316%2F40.990578%2F29.131344&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-167"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-167">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/maps/place/Salvador-Allende-Br%C3%BCcke,+Berlin/@52.4496375,13.5934071,17z/data=!4m2!3m1!1s0x47a8481393fe7ddb:0x8c270527b8ff335e">"Google Maps"</a>. Google Maps. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210308140718/https://www.google.com/maps/place/Salvador-Allende-Br%C3%BCcke,+Berlin/@52.4496375,13.5934071,17z/data=!4m2!3m1!1s0x47a8481393fe7ddb:0x8c270527b8ff335e">Archived</a> from the original on 8 March 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Google+Maps&rft.pub=Google+Maps&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fmaps%2Fplace%2FSalvador-Allende-Br%25C3%25BCcke%2C%2BBerlin%2F%4052.4496375%2C13.5934071%2C17z%2Fdata%3D%214m2%213m1%211s0x47a8481393fe7ddb%3A0x8c270527b8ff335e&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-168"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-168">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.budapestdialog.hu/dialogs/allende-park-kozossegi-tervezes">"Allende Park – Közösségi Tervezés – Budapest Dialog"</a>. <i>www.budapestdialog.hu</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201001054601/https://www.budapestdialog.hu/dialogs/allende-park-kozossegi-tervezes">Archived</a> from the original on 1 October 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.budapestdialog.hu&rft.atitle=Allende+Park+%E2%80%93+K%C3%B6z%C3%B6ss%C3%A9gi+Tervez%C3%A9s+%E2%80%93+Budapest+Dialog&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.budapestdialog.hu%2Fdialogs%2Fallende-park-kozossegi-tervezes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-169"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-169">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-england-essex-65725972">"Zelenskyy Avenue: Harlow road renamed after Ukraine president"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 27 May 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Zelenskyy+Avenue%3A+Harlow+road+renamed+after+Ukraine+president&rft.date=2023-05-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fuk-england-essex-65725972&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-170"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-170">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.harlow.gov.uk/moderngov">"Agenda for Council on Thursday, 26th May, 2022, 7.30 pm"</a>. <i>www.harlow.gov.uk</i>. 26 May 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.harlow.gov.uk&rft.atitle=Agenda+for+Council+on+Thursday%2C+26th+May%2C+2022%2C+7.30+pm&rft.date=2022-05-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.harlow.gov.uk%2Fmoderngov&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-171"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-171">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/2014/08/12/city_of_toronto_policy_nearly_foils_plans_for_a_salvador_allende_street.html">"City of Toronto policy nearly foils plans for a Salvador Allende street"</a>. <i>Toronto Star</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220125062100/https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/2014/08/12/city_of_toronto_policy_nearly_foils_plans_for_a_salvador_allende_street.html">Archived</a> from the original on 25 January 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toronto+Star&rft.atitle=City+of+Toronto+policy+nearly+foils+plans+for+a+Salvador+Allende+street&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thestar.com%2Fnews%2Fgta%2F2014%2F08%2F12%2Fcity_of_toronto_policy_nearly_foils_plans_for_a_salvador_allende_street.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-172"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-172">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGray2020" class="citation book cs1">Gray, Ros (2020). <i>Cinemas of the Mozambican Revolution Anti-colonialism, Independence and Internationalism in Filmmaking, 1968–1991</i>. p. 116.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cinemas+of+the+Mozambican+Revolution+Anti-colonialism%2C+Independence+and+Internationalism+in+Filmmaking%2C+1968%E2%80%931991&rft.pages=116&rft.date=2020&rft.aulast=Gray&rft.aufirst=Ros&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-173"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-173">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q5LgeeC-GhI"><i>The Final Hours of Salvador Allende</i></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 March</span> 2024</span> – via www.youtube.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Final+Hours+of+Salvador+Allende&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3Dq5LgeeC-GhI&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-174"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-174">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://home.nestor.minsk.by/fsunews/ussr/1973/su4179.html">"Salvador Allende"</a>. Home.nestor.minsk.by<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Salvador+Allende.&rft.pub=Home.nestor.minsk.by&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhome.nestor.minsk.by%2Ffsunews%2Fussr%2F1973%2Fsu4179.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-175"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-175">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Catalogue of Postage Stamps of the USSR 1918–1974, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Soyuzpechat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Soyuzpechat (page does not exist)">'Soyuzpechat' Central Philatelic Agency</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q4430611#sitelinks-wikipedia" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q4430611"><span title=""Soyuzpechat" in other languages">Wikidata</span></a>]</span> of the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Communications_of_the_USSR" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Communications of the USSR">Ministry of Communications of the USSR</a> publisher, Moscow, 1976</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Child05-176"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Child05_176-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Child05_176-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Jack Child, "The Politics and Semiotics of the Smallest Icons of Popular Culture: Latin American Postage Stamps", <i>Latin American Research Review</i>, Vol. 40, no. 1, February 2005.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvador_Allende&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTutee" class="citation book cs1">Tutee, Bright (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uVDsDwAAQBAJ"><i>NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science (Political Science) Chapter 1: What is Democracy? Why Democracy?</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Council_of_Educational_Research_and_Training" title="National Council of Educational Research and Training">N.C.E.R.T.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210724092130/https://books.google.com/books?id=uVDsDwAAQBAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 24 July 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=NCERT+Solutions+for+Class+9+Social+Science+%28Political+Science%29+Chapter+1%3A+What+is+Democracy%3F+Why+Democracy%3F&rft.pub=N.C.E.R.T.&rft.date=2020&rft.aulast=Tutee&rft.aufirst=Bright&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuVDsDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASalvador+Allende" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li>"Pinochet's rule: Repression and economic success". BBC News. 2001-01-07. Retrieved 2010-05-12.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB8/nsaebb8.htm">Chile and the United States: Declassified Documents relating to the Military Coup, 1970–1976</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19991128214623/http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB8/nsaebb8.htm">Archived</a> 28 November 1999 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, (From the United States <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Archive" title="National Security Archive">National Security Archive</a>).</li> <li>Thomas Karamessines (1970). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB8/ch05-01.htm"><i>Operation Guide for the Conspiration in Chile</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061101133245/http://www.gwu.edu/~nsarchiv/NSAEBB/NSAEBB8/ch05-01.htm">Archived</a> 1 November 2006 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Washington, DC: United States National Security Council.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090108064458/http://cafehistoria.ning.com/video/video/show?id=1980410%3AVideo%3A43317"><i>La Batalla de Chile</i> – Cuba/Chile/França/Venezuela, 1975, 1977 e 1979. Director Patricio Guzmán. Duration: 272 minutes.</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.radiolaprimerisima.com/noticias/3510">García Márquez, Gabriel. <i>Chile, el golpe y los gringos. Crónica de una tragedia organizada</i>, Manágua, Nicaragua: Radio La Primeirissima, 11 de setembro de 2006</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200806213717/http://www.radiolaprimerisima.com/noticias/3510/">Archived</a> 6 August 2020 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150904052721/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3613/is_200309/ai_n9294265/pg_5?tag=artBody;col1">Kornbluh, Peter. <i>El Mercurio file, The.</i>, Columbia Journalism Review, Sep/Oct 2003</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cia.gov/library/reports/general-reports-1/chile/index.html">CIA Activities in Chile</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070612225422/https://www.cia.gov/library/reports/general-reports-1/chile/index.html">Archived</a> 12 June 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> CIA response to the Hinchey amendment on www.cia.gov</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvador_Allende&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Comite central del Partido comunista de Cuba: Comisión de orientación revolucionaria. <i>Rencontre symbolique entre deux processus historiques [</i>i.e<i>., de Cuba et de Chile]</i>. La Habana, Cuba: Éditions polituques, 1972.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariel_Dorfman" title="Ariel Dorfman">Dorfman, Ariel</a>, "Defending Allende", <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Review_of_Books" title="The New York Review of Books">The New York Review of Books</a></i>, vol. LXX, no. 14 (21 September 2023), pp. 73–77. "Ever since [Salvador Allende] had won the presidency [in 1970], forces from inside and outside [Chile] had been conspiring to destroy his attempt – the first in world history – to build a <a href="/wiki/Socialist" class="mw-redirect" title="Socialist">socialist</a> state through nonviolent, democratic means." (p. 73.)</li> <li>Sebastián Hurtado-Torres. 2019. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/full/10.1162/jcws_a_00892">The Chilean Moment in the Global Cold War: International Reactions to Salvador Allende's Victory in the Presidential Election of 1970.</a>" <i>Journal of Cold War Studies</i>.</li> <li>Luis Garrido Soto. 2015. <i>La "vía chilena" al socialismo (1970–1973): Un itinerario geohistórico de la Unidad Popular en el sistema-mundo</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://ediciones.uahurtado.cl/libro/la-via-chilena-al-socialismo/">[1]</a>. Santiago de Chile, Chile: Ediciones Universidad Alberto Hurtado.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salvador_Allende&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has original works by or about:<br /><b style="text-align: center;"><i><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Salvador_Allende" class="extiw" title="s:Author:Salvador Allende">Salvador Allende</a></i></b></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" class="extiw" title="q:Salvador Allende">Salvador Allende</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Salvador_Allende" class="extiw" title="commons:Salvador Allende"><span style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Salvador Allende</span></a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marxists.org/archive/allende/index.htm">Salvador Allende Archive</a> at <a href="/wiki/Marxists.org" class="mw-redirect" title="Marxists.org">marxists.org</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abacq.org/calle/index.php">Photos of the public places named in homage to the President Allende all around the world</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mrzine.monthlyreview.org/allende110906.html">Salvador Allende's "Last Words"</a>. Spanish text with English translation. The transcript of the last radio broadcast of Chilean President Salvador Allende, made on 11 September 1973, at 9:10 am. MP3 audio available <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.salvador-allende.cl/Audio/Salvador_Allende_11sept_1973.mp3">here</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090930104809/http://www.salvador-allende.cl/Audio/Salvador_Allende_11sept_1973.mp3">Archived</a> 30 September 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elclarin.cl/fpa/hemeroteca.html">Caso Pinochet</a>. Nominally a page about the Pinochet case, the large collection of links includes Allende's dissertation and numerous documents (mostly PDFs) related to the dissertation and to the controversy about it, ranging from the Cesare Lombroso material discussed in Allende's dissertation to a collective telegram of protest over <a href="/wiki/Kristallnacht" title="Kristallnacht">Kristallnacht</a> signed by Allende <span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span>.</li> <li><i>An Interview with Salvadore Allende: President of Chile</i>, interviewed by <a href="/wiki/Saul_Landau" title="Saul Landau">Saul Landau</a>, Dove Films, 1971, 32 min. (previously unreleased): <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081008143935/http://www.elclarin.cl/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=12166&Itemid=73">Video</a> (Spanish with English subtitles) in <i>El Clarin de Chile</i>. (Alternative location <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=-2562611999831760993">at Google Video</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.democracynow.org/2010/9/15/another_9_11_anniversary_september_11">11 September 1973, When US-Backed Pinochet Forces Took Power in Chile</a> – video report by <i><a href="/wiki/Democracy_Now!" title="Democracy Now!">Democracy Now!</a></i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newstatesman.com/world-affairs/2013/04/why-allende-had-die">Why Allende had to die</a>, 2013 reprint of a story from March 1974, by Gabriel Garcia Marquez</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Salvador_Allende" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Salvador_Allende" title="Template:Salvador Allende"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Salvador_Allende" title="Template talk:Salvador Allende"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Salvador_Allende" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Salvador Allende"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Salvador_Allende" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Salvador Allende</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Life and politics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Biography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_Chilean_presidential_election" title="1952 Chilean presidential election">Presidential elections of 1952</a> / <a href="/wiki/1958_Chilean_presidential_election" title="1958 Chilean presidential election">1958</a> / <a href="/wiki/1964_Chilean_presidential_election" title="1964 Chilean presidential election">1964</a> / <a href="/wiki/1970_Chilean_presidential_election" title="1970 Chilean presidential election">1970</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Salvador_Allende" title="Presidency of Salvador Allende">Presidency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanquetazo" title="Tanquetazo">Tanquetazo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1973_Chilean_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1973 Chilean coup d'état">1973 coup d'état</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Salvador_Allende" title="Death of Salvador Allende">Death</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Policies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vuskovic_plan" title="Vuskovic plan">Vuskovic plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Chile" title="Economy of Chile">Economic policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_nationalization_of_copper" title="Chilean nationalization of copper">Nationalization of copper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schneider_Doctrine" title="Schneider Doctrine">Schneider Doctrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Cybersyn" title="Project Cybersyn">Project Cybersyn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Perceptions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Project_FUBELT" title="Project FUBELT">Project FUBELT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_image_of_Salvador_Allende" title="Public image of Salvador Allende">Public image</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schneider_Doctrine" title="Schneider Doctrine">Schneider Doctrine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Allies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Prats" title="Carlos Prats">Carlos Prats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Altamirano" title="Carlos Altamirano">Carlos Altamirano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orlando_Letelier" title="Orlando Letelier">Orlando Letelier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Toh%C3%A1" title="José Tohá">José Tohá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Vuskovic" title="Pedro Vuskovic">Pedro Vuskovic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgardo_Enr%C3%ADquez" title="Edgardo Enríquez">Edgardo Enríquez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andre_Gunder_Frank" title="Andre Gunder Frank">Andre Gunder Frank</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ram%C3%B3n_Allende_Pad%C3%ADn" title="Ramón Allende Padín">Ramón Allende Padín</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laura_Allende" title="Laura Allende">Laura Allende</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hortensia_Bussi" title="Hortensia Bussi">Hortensia Bussi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beatriz_Allende" title="Beatriz Allende">Beatriz Allende</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabel_Allende_(politician)" title="Isabel Allende (politician)">Isabel Allende (Bussi)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_Pascal_Allende" title="Andrés Pascal Allende">Andrés Pascal Allende</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabel_Allende" title="Isabel Allende">Isabel Allende</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paula_Fr%C3%ADas_Allende" title="Paula Frías Allende">Paula Frías Allende</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_Fern%C3%A1ndez" title="Maya Fernández">Maya Fernández</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Offices_and_distinctions" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Offices_and_distinctions" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Offices and distinctions</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_of_Chile" title="Chamber of Deputies of Chile">Chamber of Deputies of Chile</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Humberto Casali Monreal</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Member of the <a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_of_Chile" title="Chamber of Deputies of Chile">Chamber of Deputies</a> for Quillota and Valparaíso </b><br />1937–1939 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Vasco Valdebenito García</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miguel_Etchebarne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Miguel Etchebarne (page does not exist)">Miguel Etchebarne</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Health_(Chile)#Ministers_of_Public_Health,_Social_Assistance_and_Welfare" title="Ministry of Health (Chile)">Minister of Public Health,<br />Social Assistance and Welfare</a> </b><br />1939–1942 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eduardo_Escudero&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eduardo Escudero (page does not exist)">Eduardo Escudero</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Eduardo_Frei_Montalva" title="Eduardo Frei Montalva">Eduardo Frei Montalva</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/President_of_Chile" title="President of Chile">President of Chile</a> </b><br />1970–1973 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Augusto_Pinochet" title="Augusto Pinochet">Augusto Pinochet</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFBF00;">Party political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Marmaduke_Grove" title="Marmaduke Grove">Marmaduke Grove</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Secretary of the <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_Chile" title="Socialist Party of Chile">Socialist Party of Chile</a> </b><br />1943–1944 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Bernardo_Ib%C3%A1%C3%B1ez" title="Bernardo Ibáñez">Bernardo Ibáñez</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Bernardo_Ib%C3%A1%C3%B1ez" title="Bernardo Ibáñez">Bernardo Ibáñez</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Socialist nominee for President of Chile </b><br /><a href="/wiki/1952_Chilean_presidential_election" title="1952 Chilean presidential election">1952</a>, <a href="/wiki/1958_Chilean_presidential_election" title="1958 Chilean presidential election">1958</a>, <a href="/wiki/1964_Chilean_presidential_election" title="1964 Chilean presidential election">1964</a>, <a href="/wiki/1970_Chilean_presidential_election" title="1970 Chilean presidential election">1970</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Patricio_Aylwin" title="Patricio Aylwin">Patricio Aylwin</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Chile" title="Senate of Chile">Senate of Chile</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Luis Ambrosio Concha</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Chile" title="Senate of Chile">Senator</a> for Valdivia, Osorno, Llanquihue, Chiloé, Aysén and Magallanes </b><br />1945–1953 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Aniceto Rodríguez Arenas</div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/El%C3%ADas_Lafertte_Gavi%C3%B1o" class="mw-redirect" title="Elías Lafertte Gaviño">Elías Lafertte Gaviño</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Senator for Tarapacá and Antofagasta </b><br />1953–1961 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Raúl Ampuero Díaz</div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Carlos Alberto Martínez</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Senator for Aconcagua and Valparaíso </b><br />1961–1969 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Hugo Ballesteros Reyes</div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tom%C3%A1s_Reyes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tomás Reyes (page does not exist)">Tomás Reyes</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Senate_of_Chile" title="President of the Senate of Chile">President of the Senate of Chile</a> </b><br />1966–1969 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Tom%C3%A1s_Pablo" class="mw-redirect" title="Tomás Pablo">Tomás Pablo</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>New constituency</b> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Senator for Chiloé, Aysén and Magallanes </b><br />1969–1970 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Adonis Sepúlveda Acuña</div> </td></tr> </tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Presidents_of_Chile" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Presidents_of_Chile" title="Template:Presidents of Chile"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Presidents_of_Chile" title="Template talk:Presidents of Chile"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Presidents_of_Chile" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Presidents of Chile"><abbr title="Edit this 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Pinto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Ram%C3%B3n_Vicu%C3%B1a" title="Francisco Ramón Vicuña">Vicuña</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Tom%C3%A1s_Ovalle" title="José Tomás Ovalle">Ovalle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Ruiz-Tagle" title="Francisco Ruiz-Tagle">Ruiz-Tagle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Tom%C3%A1s_Ovalle" title="José Tomás Ovalle">Ovalle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Joaqu%C3%ADn_Prieto" class="mw-redirect" title="José Joaquín Prieto">Prieto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Bulnes" title="Manuel Bulnes">Bulnes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_Montt" title="Manuel Montt">M. Montt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Joaqu%C3%ADn_P%C3%A9rez" title="José Joaquín Pérez">Pérez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federico_Err%C3%A1zuriz_Za%C3%B1artu" title="Federico Errázuriz Zañartu">Errázuriz Zañartu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Pinto" title="Aníbal Pinto">A. Pinto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domingo_Santa_Mar%C3%ADa" title="Domingo Santa María">Santa María</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Manuel_Balmaceda" title="José Manuel Balmaceda">Balmaceda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jorge_Montt" title="Jorge Montt">J. Montt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federico_Err%C3%A1zuriz_Echaurren" title="Federico Errázuriz Echaurren">Errázuriz Echaurren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germ%C3%A1n_Riesco" title="Germán Riesco">Riesco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Montt" title="Pedro Montt">P. Montt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emiliano_Figueroa" title="Emiliano Figueroa">Figueroa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram%C3%B3n_Barros_Luco" title="Ramón Barros Luco">Barros Luco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Luis_Sanfuentes" title="Juan Luis Sanfuentes">Sanfuentes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arturo_Alessandri" title="Arturo Alessandri">Alessandri Palma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emiliano_Figueroa" title="Emiliano Figueroa">Figueroa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Ib%C3%A1%C3%B1ez_del_Campo" title="Carlos Ibáñez del Campo">Ibáñez del Campo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Esteban_Montero" title="Juan Esteban Montero">Montero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_D%C3%A1vila" title="Carlos Dávila">Dávila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arturo_Alessandri" title="Arturo Alessandri">Alessandri Palma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Aguirre_Cerda" title="Pedro Aguirre Cerda">Aguirre Cerda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jer%C3%B3nimo_M%C3%A9ndez" title="Jerónimo Méndez">Méndez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Antonio_R%C3%ADos" title="Juan Antonio Ríos">Ríos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Gonz%C3%A1lez_Videla" title="Gabriel González Videla">González Videla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Ib%C3%A1%C3%B1ez_del_Campo" title="Carlos Ibáñez del Campo">Ibáñez del Campo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jorge_Alessandri" title="Jorge Alessandri">Alessandri Rodriguez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduardo_Frei_Montalva" title="Eduardo Frei Montalva">Frei Montalva</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Allende</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augusto_Pinochet" title="Augusto Pinochet">Pinochet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patricio_Aylwin" title="Patricio Aylwin">Aylwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduardo_Frei_Ruiz-Tagle" title="Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle">Frei Ruiz-Tagle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Lagos" title="Ricardo Lagos">Lagos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelle_Bachelet" title="Michelle Bachelet">Bachelet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebasti%C3%A1n_Pi%C3%B1era" title="Sebastián Piñera">Piñera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelle_Bachelet" title="Michelle Bachelet">Bachelet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebasti%C3%A1n_Pi%C3%B1era" title="Sebastián Piñera">Piñera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Boric" title="Gabriel Boric">Boric</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_President_of_Chile.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of the President of Chile"><img alt="Flag of the President of Chile" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_the_President_of_Chile.svg/70px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Chile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="47" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_the_President_of_Chile.svg/105px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Chile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_the_President_of_Chile.svg/140px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Chile.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_Chile" title="List of presidents of Chile">List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidents_of_Chile_timeline" title="Presidents of Chile timeline">Timeline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Presidents_of_the_Senate_of_Chile" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Presidents_of_the_Senate_of_Chile" title="Template:Presidents of the Senate of Chile"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Presidents_of_the_Senate_of_Chile" title="Template talk:Presidents of the Senate of Chile"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Presidents_of_the_Senate_of_Chile" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Presidents of the Senate of Chile"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Presidents_of_the_Senate_of_Chile" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Senate_of_Chile" title="President of the Senate of Chile">Presidents of the</a> <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Chile" title="Senate of Chile">Senate of</a> <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pre-Republican Chile<br />(1812–1833)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Patria_Vieja" class="mw-redirect" title="Patria Vieja">Patria Vieja</a><br />(1812–14)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_de_Vivar" title="Pedro de Vivar">Vivar</a> (1812–13)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camilo_Henr%C3%ADquez" title="Camilo Henríquez">Henríquez</a> (1813)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Ega%C3%B1a" title="Juan Egaña">Egaña</a> (1813)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Ruiz-Tagle" title="Francisco Ruiz-Tagle">Ruiz-Tagle</a> (1813–14)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Patria_Nueva" class="mw-redirect" title="Patria Nueva">Patria Nueva</a><br />(1818–23)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bernardo_O%27Higgins" title="Bernardo O'Higgins">O'Higgins Period</a> (1818–23)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agust%C3%ADn_Eyzaguirre" title="Agustín Eyzaguirre">Eyzaguirre</a> (1822–23)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Ruiz-Tagle" title="Francisco Ruiz-Tagle">Ruiz-Tagle</a> (1823)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organization of the Republic<br />(1823–29)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diego_Elizondo_Prado" title="Diego Elizondo Prado">Elizondo</a> (1826)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Dios_Vial_del_R%C3%ADo" title="Juan de Dios Vial del Río">Vial del Río</a> (1823–24)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agust%C3%ADn_Eyzaguirre" title="Agustín Eyzaguirre">Eyzaguirre</a> (1824–25)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Ega%C3%B1a" title="Juan Egaña">Egaña</a> (1825–27)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram%C3%B3n_Freire" title="Ramón Freire">Freire</a> (1827)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernardo_del_Solar_Mar%C3%ADn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bernardo del Solar Marín (page does not exist)">B. del Solar Marín</a> (1827–28)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Juan_Fari%C3%B1as_Ugalde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Juan Fariñas Ugalde (page does not exist)">Fariñas Ugalde</a> (1827–28)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Ram%C3%B3n_Vicu%C3%B1a" title="Francisco Ramón Vicuña">Vicuña</a> (1829)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_Civil_War_of_1829%E2%80%931830" title="Chilean Civil War of 1829–1830">Chilean Civil War of 1829–1830</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">First Republic<br /><a href="/wiki/Chilean_Constitution_of_1833" title="Chilean Constitution of 1833">1833 Constitution</a><br />(1833–1925)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Conservative Period<br />(1831–61)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Err%C3%A1zuriz_Aldunate" title="Fernando Errázuriz Aldunate">Errázuriz Aldunate</a> (1833–34)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Ignacio_Cienfuegos" title="José Ignacio Cienfuegos">Cienfuegos</a> (1834–35)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agust%C3%ADn_Vial_Santelices&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agustín Vial Santelices (page does not exist)">Vial Santelices</a> (1835–37)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diego_Jos%C3%A9_Benavente" title="Diego José Benavente">Benavente</a> (1837)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diego_Elizondo_Prado" title="Diego Elizondo Prado">Elizondo</a> (1837–39)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jos%C3%A9_Miguel_del_Solar_Mar%C3%ADn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="José Miguel del Solar Marín (page does not exist)">J. del Solar Marín</a> (1839–40)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manuel_Jos%C3%A9_Gandarillas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manuel José Gandarillas (page does not exist)">Gandarillas</a> (1839–40)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diego_Jos%C3%A9_Benavente" title="Diego José Benavente">Benavente</a> (1841–42)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mar%C3%ADa_Urrutia_Manzano" title="José María Urrutia Manzano">J. Urrutia Manzano</a> (1842–43)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Juan_Agust%C3%ADn_Alcalde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Juan Agustín Alcalde (page does not exist)">Alcalde Bascuñán</a> (1843–44)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ram%C3%B3n_Formas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ramón Formas (page does not exist)">Formas</a> (1844)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Manuel_Ort%C3%BAzar_Formas" title="José Manuel Ortúzar Formas">Ortúzar Formas</a> (1844–45)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jos%C3%A9_Miguel_del_Solar_Mar%C3%ADn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="José Miguel del Solar Marín (page does not exist)">J. del Solar Marín</a> (1845–46)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Dios_Vial_del_R%C3%ADo" title="Juan de Dios Vial del Río">Vial del Río</a> (1846)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Antonio_Pinto" title="Francisco Antonio Pinto">Pinto</a> (1846–51)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manuel_Vial_Formas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manuel Vial Formas (page does not exist)">Vial Formas</a> (1851–52)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Joaqu%C3%ADn_P%C3%A9rez" title="José Joaquín Pérez">Pérez</a> (1852–53)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fernando_Lazcano_Mujica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fernando Lazcano Mujica (page does not exist)">Lazcano Mujica</a> (1853–54)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ram%C3%B3n_Subercaseaux_Mercado&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ramón Subercaseaux Mercado (page does not exist)">Subercaseaux Mercado</a> (1854–55)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jos%C3%A9_Tom%C3%A1s_Urmeneta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="José Tomás Urmeneta (page does not exist)">Urmeneta</a> (1855–56)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Rafael_Larra%C3%ADn" class="mw-redirect" title="José Rafael Larraín">Larraín</a> (1856–57)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diego_Jos%C3%A9_Benavente" title="Diego José Benavente">Benavente</a> (1857–58)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Juan_Agust%C3%ADn_Alcalde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Juan Agustín Alcalde (page does not exist)">Alcalde Bascuñán</a> (1858–59)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mat%C3%ADas_Cousi%C3%B1o" title="Matías Cousiño">Cosuiño</a> (1859–61)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Liberal Period<br />(1861–91)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Dios_Correa_de_Saa" title="Juan de Dios Correa de Saa">Correa de Saa</a> (1861–63)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mat%C3%ADas_Cousi%C3%B1o" title="Matías Cousiño">Cosuiño</a> (1863–64)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eugenio_Torres_de_Velasco&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eugenio Torres de Velasco (page does not exist)">Torres de Velasco</a> (1864–65)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Domingo_Matte_Messia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Domingo Matte Messia (page does not exist)">Matte Messia</a> (1865–66)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Francisco_Ossa_Mercado&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Francisco Ossa Mercado (page does not exist)">Ossa Mercado</a> (1865–67)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melchor_de_Concha_y_Toro" class="mw-redirect" title="Melchor de Concha y Toro">Concha y Toro</a> (1867–68)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_de_Borja" title="Francisco de Borja">de Borja</a> (1868–69)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Err%C3%A1zuriz" class="mw-redirect" title="Fernando Errázuriz">Errázuriz</a> (1869–70)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Dios_Correa_de_Saa" title="Juan de Dios Correa de Saa">Correa de Saa</a> (1870–71)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_F%C3%A9lix_Vicu%C3%B1a" title="Pedro Félix Vicuña">Vicuña</a> (1871–72)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jos%C3%A9_Luis_Borgo%C3%B1o&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="José Luis Borgoño (page does not exist)">Borgoño</a> (1872–73)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Melchor_de_Santiago&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Melchor de Santiago (page does not exist)">Concha y Cerda</a> (1873–75)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Juan_Jos%C3%A9_Aldunate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Juan José Aldunate (page does not exist)">Aldunate</a> (1875–76)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alejandro_Reyes_Cotapos" class="mw-redirect" title="Alejandro Reyes Cotapos">A. Reyes Cotapos</a> (1876–77)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Domingo_Matte_Messia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Domingo Matte Messia (page does not exist)">Matte Messia</a> (1877–78)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jos%C3%A9_Joaqu%C3%ADn_Vald%C3%A9s&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="José Joaquín Valdés (page does not exist)">Valdés</a> (1878–79)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Victorino_Lastarria" title="José Victorino Lastarria">Lastarria</a> (1879–80)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjam%C3%ADn_Vicu%C3%B1a_Mackenna" title="Benjamín Vicuña Mackenna">Vicuña Mackenna</a> (1880–82)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manuel_Vial_Formas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manuel Vial Formas (page does not exist)">Vial Formas</a> (1882–84)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ar%C3%ADstides_Mart%C3%ADnez" title="Arístides Martínez">Martínez Cuadros</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Varas" title="Antonio Varas">Varas</a> (1884–85)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eulogio_Altamirano" title="Eulogio Altamirano">Altamirano</a> (1885–86)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolfo_Ib%C3%A1%C3%B1ez" title="Adolfo Ibáñez">A. Ibáñez</a> (1886–87)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miguel_Castillo_Andueza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Miguel Castillo Andueza (page does not exist)">Castillo Andueza</a> (1887–88)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Claudio_Vicu%C3%B1a_Guerrero&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Claudio Vicuña Guerrero (page does not exist)">Vicuña Guerrero</a> (1888–89)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vicente_Reyes_(politician)" title="Vicente Reyes (politician)">Reyes Palazuelos</a> (1889–90)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81lvaro_Covarrubias" title="Álvaro Covarrubias">Covarrubias</a> (1890–91)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augusto_Matte_P%C3%A9rez" title="Augusto Matte Pérez">A. Matte Pérez</a> (1891)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parliamentary Period<br />(1891–25)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Waldo_Silva" title="Waldo Silva">Silva</a> (1891–92)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Antonio_Gandarillas" title="José Antonio Gandarillas">Gandarillas</a> (1892–93)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vicente_Reyes_(politician)" title="Vicente Reyes (politician)">Reyes Palazuelos</a> (1893–94)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvador_Sanfuentes" title="Salvador Sanfuentes">S. Sanfuentes</a> (1894–95)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vicente_Reyes_(politician)" title="Vicente Reyes (politician)">Reyes Palazuelos</a> (1896)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram%C3%B3n_Barros_Luco" title="Ramón Barros Luco">Barros Luco</a> (1896–97)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Lazcano_Echaurren" title="Fernando Lazcano Echaurren">Lazcano</a> (1897–98)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agust%C3%ADn_Edwards_Ross" title="Agustín Edwards Ross">Edwards</a> (1898)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Javier_Err%C3%A1zuriz_Echaurren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Javier Errázuriz Echaurren (page does not exist)">J. Errázuriz Echaurren</a> (1898–00)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ventura_Blanco&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ventura Blanco (page does not exist)">Blanco</a> (1900–02)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antonio_Vald%C3%A9s_Cuevas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antonio Valdés Cuevas (page does not exist)">Valdés Cuevas</a> (1902–03)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Lazcano_Echaurren" title="Fernando Lazcano Echaurren">Lazcano</a> (1903–04)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ram%C3%B3n_Rozas_Garfias&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ramón Rozas Garfias (page does not exist)">Rozas Garfias</a> (1904–05)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Federico_Puga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Federico Puga (page does not exist)">Puga</a> (1905–06)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Luis_Sanfuentes" title="Juan Luis Sanfuentes">Sanfuentes</a> (1906–07)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Matte" title="Ricardo Matte">R. Matte</a> (1907–08)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vicente_Reyes_(politician)" title="Vicente Reyes (politician)">Reyes Palazuelos</a> (1908)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ram%C3%B3n_Escobar_(Chilean_politician)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ramón Escobar (Chilean politician) (page does not exist)">Escobar</a> (1908–09)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vicente_Reyes_(politician)" title="Vicente Reyes (politician)">Reyes Palazuelos</a> (1909)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Luis_Vergara_Ru%C3%ADz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luis Vergara Ruíz (page does not exist)">Vergara Ruíz</a> (1909)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Matte" title="Ricardo Matte">R. Matte</a> (1909–12)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Vald%C3%A9s_Vergara" title="Francisco Valdés Vergara">Valdés Vergara</a> (1912–13)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Aldunate_Solar" title="Carlos Aldunate Solar">Aldunate Solar</a> (1913–14)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silvestre_Ochagav%C3%ADa_Echaurren" title="Silvestre Ochagavía Echaurren">Ochagavía</a> (1914–15)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduardo_Charme" title="Eduardo Charme">Charme</a> (1915–18)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ismael_Tocornal" title="Ismael Tocornal">Tocornal</a> (1918–19)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luis_Claro_Solar" title="Luis Claro Solar">Claro</a> (1920–24)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eliodoro_Y%C3%A1%C3%B1ez" title="Eliodoro Yáñez">Yáñez</a> (1924)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Second Republic<br /><a href="/wiki/Chilean_Constitution_of_1925" title="Chilean Constitution of 1925">1925 Constitution</a><br />(1925–1973)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enrique_Oyarz%C3%BAn_Mondaca" title="Enrique Oyarzún Mondaca">Oyarzún</a> (1925–30)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Opaso" title="Pedro Opaso">Opaso</a> (1930–32)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alberto_Cabero" title="Alberto Cabero">Cabero</a> (1932–33)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignacio_Urrutia_Manzano" title="Ignacio Urrutia Manzano">I. Urrutia Manzano</a> (1933–34)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicol%C3%A1s_Marambio" title="Nicolás Marambio">Marambio</a> (1934–35)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignacio_Urrutia_Manzano" title="Ignacio Urrutia Manzano">I. Urrutia Manzano</a> (1935–36)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Maza_Fern%C3%A1ndez" title="José Maza Fernández">Maza</a> (1935–37)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_Cruchaga_Tocornal" title="Miguel Cruchaga Tocornal">Cruchaga Tocornal</a> (1937–41)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florencio_Dur%C3%A1n" title="Florencio Durán">Durán</a> (1941–44)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Opaso" title="Pedro Opaso">Opaso</a> (1944)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Francisco_Urrejola" title="José Francisco Urrejola">Urrejola</a> (1944–45)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arturo_Alessandri" title="Arturo Alessandri">Alessandri Palma</a> (1945–49)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Humberto_%C3%81lvarez_Su%C3%A1rez&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Humberto Álvarez Suárez (page does not exist)">Álvarez</a> (1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arturo_Alessandri" title="Arturo Alessandri">Alessandri Palma</a> (1949–50)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Alessandri" title="Fernando Alessandri">F. Alessandri Rodríguez</a> (1950–58)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guillermo_P%C3%A9rez_de_Arce" title="Guillermo Pérez de Arce">Pérez de Arce</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hern%C3%A1n_Videla_Lira" title="Hernán Videla Lira">Videla</a> (1958–62)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Zepeda_Barrios" title="Hugo Zepeda Barrios">Zepeda</a> (1962–65)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermes_Ahumada" title="Hermes Ahumada">Ahumada</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom%C3%A1s_Reyes_Vicu%C3%B1a" title="Tomás Reyes Vicuña">Reyes Vicuña</a> (1965–66)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Luis_Maur%C3%A1s" title="Juan Luis Maurás">Maurás</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom%C3%A1s_Reyes_Vicu%C3%B1a" title="Tomás Reyes Vicuña">Reyes Vicuña</a> (1966)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">S. Allende</a> (1966–69)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom%C3%A1s_Pablo_Elorza" title="Tomás Pablo Elorza">Pablo</a> (1969–71)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patricio_Aylwin" title="Patricio Aylwin">Aylwin</a> (1971–72)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Ignacio_Palma" title="José Ignacio Palma">Palma</a> (1972–73)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Am%C3%A9rico_Acu%C3%B1a" title="Américo Acuña">Acuña</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduardo_Frei_Montalva" title="Eduardo Frei Montalva">Frei Montalva</a> (1973)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pinochet_dictatorship" class="mw-redirect" title="Pinochet dictatorship">Pinochet dictatorship</a><br />(1973–1990)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Government_Junta_of_Chile_(1973)" title="Government Junta of Chile (1973)">Government Junta</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Third Republic<br /><a href="/wiki/Chilean_Constitution_of_1980" title="Chilean Constitution of 1980">1980 Constitution</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Transition_to_democracy_(Chile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Transition to democracy (Chile)">Transition to democracy</a><br />(1990–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Vald%C3%A9s" title="Gabriel Valdés">Valdés</a> (1990–95)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergio_Diez" title="Sergio Diez">Diez</a> (1995–96)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergio_Romero_Pizarro" title="Sergio Romero Pizarro">Romero Pizarro</a> (1996–97)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_Zald%C3%ADvar" title="Andrés Zaldívar">Zaldívar</a> (1997–04)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hern%C3%A1n_Larra%C3%ADn" title="Hernán Larraín">H. Larraín</a> (2004–05)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergio_Romero_Pizarro" title="Sergio Romero Pizarro">Romero Pizarro</a> (2005–06)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduardo_Frei_Ruiz-Tagle" title="Eduardo Frei Ruiz-Tagle">Frei Ruiz-Tagle</a> (2006–08)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolfo_Zald%C3%ADvar" title="Adolfo Zaldívar">Zaldívar</a> (2008–09)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jovino_Novoa" title="Jovino Novoa">Novoa</a> (2009–10)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jorge_Pizarro" title="Jorge Pizarro">Pizarro</a> (2010–11)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guido_Girardi" title="Guido Girardi">Girardi</a> (2011–12)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camilo_Escalona" title="Camilo Escalona">Escalona</a> (2012–13)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jorge_Pizarro" title="Jorge Pizarro">Pizarro</a> (2013–14)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabel_Allende_(politician)" title="Isabel Allende (politician)">I. Allende</a> (2014–15)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patricio_Walker" title="Patricio Walker">Walker</a> (2015–16)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Lagos_Weber" title="Ricardo Lagos Weber">Lagos</a> (2016–17)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_Zald%C3%ADvar" title="Andrés Zaldívar">Zaldívar</a> (2017–18)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Montes_Cisternas" title="Carlos Montes Cisternas">Montes</a> (2018–19)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaime_Quintana" title="Jaime Quintana">Quintana</a> (2019–20)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adriana_Mu%C3%B1oz_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Adriana Muñoz (politician)">Muñoz</a> (2020–21)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yasna_Provoste" title="Yasna Provoste">Provoste</a> (2021–21)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ximena_Rinc%C3%B3n" title="Ximena Rincón">Rincón</a> (2021-22)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81lvaro_Elizalde" title="Álvaro Elizalde">Elizalde</a> (2022-)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="1973_Chilean_coup_d&#039;état" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:1973_Chilean_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="Template:1973 Chilean coup d'état"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:1973_Chilean_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="Template talk:1973 Chilean coup d'état"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:1973_Chilean_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="Special:EditPage/Template:1973 Chilean coup d'état"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="1973_Chilean_coup_d&#039;état" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/1973_Chilean_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1973 Chilean coup d'état">1973 Chilean coup d'état</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Background</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_intervention_in_Chile" title="United States intervention in Chile">United States intervention in Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schneider_Doctrine" title="Schneider Doctrine">Schneider Doctrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970_Chilean_presidential_election" title="1970 Chilean presidential election">1970 election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_FUBELT" title="Project FUBELT">Project FUBELT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Salvador_Allende" title="Presidency of Salvador Allende">Presidency of Salvador Allende</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Prats" title="Carlos Prats">Carlos Prats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alejandrina_Cox_incident" title="Alejandrina Cox incident">Alejandrina Cox incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Altamirano" title="Carlos Altamirano">Carlos Altamirano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanquetazo" title="Tanquetazo">Tanquetazo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Participants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Salvador Allende</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augusto_Pinochet" title="Augusto Pinochet">Augusto Pinochet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Toribio_Merino" title="José Toribio Merino">José Toribio Merino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustavo_Leigh" title="Gustavo Leigh">Gustavo Leigh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_Mendoza" title="César Mendoza">César Mendoza</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Aftermath</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Government_Junta_of_Chile_(1973)" title="Government Junta of Chile (1973)">Government Junta of Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_Enr%C3%ADquez_(politician)" title="Miguel Enríquez (politician)">Miguel Enriquez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Condor" title="Operation Condor">Operation Condor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Prats#Assassination" title="Carlos Prats">Assassination of Carlos Prats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attempted_assassination_of_Bernardo_Leighton" title="Attempted assassination of Bernardo Leighton">Attempted assassination of Bernardo Leighton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Orlando_Letelier" title="Assassination of Orlando Letelier">Assassination of Orlando Letelier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_dictatorship_of_Chile_(1973%E2%80%9390)" class="mw-redirect" title="Military dictatorship of Chile (1973–90)">Chile under Pinochet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Boys" title="Chicago Boys">Chicago Boys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indictment_and_arrest_of_Augusto_Pinochet" title="Indictment and arrest of Augusto Pinochet">Indictment and arrest of Pinochet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Controversies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Salvador_Allende" title="Death of Salvador Allende">Death of Salvador Allende</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticisms_of_Salvador_Allende" class="mw-redirect" title="Criticisms of Salvador Allende">Criticisms of Salvador Allende</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_abuses_in_Chile_under_Augusto_Pinochet" title="Human rights abuses in Chile under Augusto Pinochet">Human rights violations under Pinochet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Isabel_Allende" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Isabel_Allende" title="Template:Isabel Allende"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Isabel_Allende" title="Template talk:Isabel Allende"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Isabel_Allende" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Isabel Allende"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Isabel_Allende" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Isabel_Allende" title="Isabel Allende">Isabel Allende</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Books</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_House_of_the_Spirits" title="The House of the Spirits">The House of the Spirits</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Of_Love_and_Shadows_(novel)" title="Of Love and Shadows (novel)">Of Love and Shadows</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Porcelain_Fat_Lady" title="The Porcelain Fat Lady">The Porcelain Fat Lady</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eva_Luna" title="Eva Luna">Eva Luna</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Stories_of_Eva_Luna" title="The Stories of Eva Luna">The Stories of Eva Luna</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Infinite_Plan" title="The Infinite Plan">The Infinite Plan</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Paula_(novel)" title="Paula (novel)">Paula</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Daughter_of_Fortune" title="Daughter of Fortune">Daughter of Fortune</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Portrait_in_Sepia" title="Portrait in Sepia">Portrait in Sepia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/City_of_the_Beasts" title="City of the Beasts">City of the Beasts</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Golden_Dragon" title="Kingdom of the Golden Dragon">Kingdom of the Golden Dragon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zorro_(novel)" title="Zorro (novel)">Zorro</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/In%C3%A9s_of_My_Soul" title="Inés of My Soul">Inés of My Soul</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Forest_of_the_Pygmies" title="Forest of the Pygmies">Forest of the Pygmies</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Island_Beneath_the_Sea" title="Island Beneath the Sea">Island Beneath the Sea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Maya%27s_Notebook" class="mw-redirect" title="Maya's Notebook">Maya's Notebook</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Long_Petal_of_the_Sea" title="A Long Petal of the Sea">A Long Petal of the Sea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Violeta_(novel)" title="Violeta (novel)">Violeta</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Allende_family" title="Allende family">Related</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paula_Fr%C3%ADas_Allende" title="Paula Frías Allende">Paula Frías Allende</a> (daughter)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Salvador Allende</a> (first cousin once removed)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Socialism" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Socialism" title="Template:Socialism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Socialism" title="Template talk:Socialism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Socialism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Socialism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Socialism" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="vertical-align:1px;"><a href="/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism">Socialism</a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/History_of_socialism" title="History of socialism">History</a> - <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_socialism" title="Outline of socialism">Outline</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Types_of_socialism" title="Types of socialism">Schools of<br />thought</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_of_the_21st_century" title="Socialism of the 21st century">21st century</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agrarian_socialism" title="Agrarian socialism">Agrarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">Communist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_socialism" title="Democratic socialism">Democratic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethical_socialism" title="Ethical socialism">Ethical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_feminism" title="Socialist feminism">Feminist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eco-socialism" title="Eco-socialism">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guild_socialism" title="Guild socialism">Guild</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Labour_movement" title="Labour movement">Labourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syndicalism" title="Syndicalism">Syndicalism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_socialism" title="Liberal socialism">Liberal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Market_socialism" title="Market socialism">Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxism" title="Marxism">Marxian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left-wing_nationalism" title="Left-wing nationalism">Nationalist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformism" title="Reformism">Reformist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_socialism" title="Revolutionary socialism">Revolutionary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_socialism" title="Scientific socialism">Scientific</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_democracy" title="Social democracy">Social democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utopian_socialism" title="Utopian socialism">Utopian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fourierism" title="Fourierism">Fourierism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icarians" title="Icarians">Icarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owenism" title="Owenism">Owenism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Simonianism" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint-Simonianism">Saint-Simonianism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Technocracy" title="Technocracy">Technocracy</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_socialism" title="Libertarian socialism">Libertarian</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Hal_Draper" title="Hal Draper">from below</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism" title="Anarchism">Anarchism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Collectivist_anarchism" title="Collectivist anarchism">Collectivist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarcho-communism" class="mw-redirect" title="Anarcho-communism">Communist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Market_anarchism" title="Market anarchism">Free-market</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Laissez-faire#Socialism" title="Laissez-faire">Left-wing laissez-faire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left-wing_market_anarchism" class="mw-redirect" title="Left-wing market anarchism">Left-wing market</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_anarchism" title="Green anarchism">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Individualist_anarchism" title="Individualist anarchism">Individualist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurrectionary_anarchism" title="Insurrectionary anarchism">Insurrectionary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magonism" title="Magonism">Magonism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutualism_(economic_theory)" title="Mutualism (economic theory)">Mutualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neozapatismo" title="Neozapatismo">Neozapatismo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platformism" title="Platformism">Platformism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communalism_(Bookchin)" class="mw-redirect" title="Communalism (Bookchin)">Communalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_anarchism" title="Social anarchism">Social</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarcho-syndicalism" title="Anarcho-syndicalism">Syndicalist</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left-libertarianism" title="Left-libertarianism">Left-libertarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Marxism" class="mw-redirect" title="Libertarian Marxism">Libertarian Marxism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Left_communism" title="Left communism">Left communism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Council_communism" title="Council communism">Council communism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosa_Luxemburg#Thought" title="Rosa Luxemburg">Luxemburgism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_spontaneity#Mao-Spontex" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolutionary spontaneity">Mao-Spontex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trotskyism" title="Trotskyism">Trotskyism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Pablo" title="Michel Pablo">Pabloism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_International_Posadist" title="Fourth International Posadist">Posadism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Trotskyism" title="Orthodox Trotskyism">Orthodox</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_camp" title="Third camp">Third camp</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Authoritarian_socialism" title="Authoritarian socialism">Authoritarian</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Authoritarian_socialism#Socialism_from_above" title="Authoritarian socialism">from above</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barracks_communism" title="Barracks communism">Barracks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Nechayev" title="Sergey Nechayev">Nechayevism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blanquism" title="Blanquism">Blanquism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolshevism" title="Bolshevism">Bolshevism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leninism" title="Leninism">Leninism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism" title="Marxism–Leninism">Marxism–Leninism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brezhnev_Doctrine" title="Brezhnev Doctrine">Brezhnevism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Fidel_Castro" title="Politics of Fidel Castro">Castroism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolae_Ceau%C8%99escu#Ceaușescu's_policies" title="Nicolae Ceaușescu">Ceaușism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guevarism" title="Guevarism">Guevarism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ho_Chi_Minh_Thought" title="Ho Chi Minh Thought">Ho Chi Minh Thought</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoxhaism" title="Hoxhaism">Hoxhaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Husakism" title="Husakism">Husakism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juche" title="Juche">Juche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goulash_Communism" title="Goulash Communism">Kadarism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khrushchevism" class="mw-redirect" title="Khrushchevism">Khrushchevism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maoism" title="Maoism">Maoism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping_Theory" title="Deng Xiaoping Theory">Dengism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maoism_(Third_Worldism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Maoism (Third Worldism)">Maoism–Third Worldism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism%E2%80%93Maoism" title="Marxism–Leninism–Maoism">Marxism–Leninism–Maoism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonzalo_Thought" title="Gonzalo Thought">Marxism–Leninism–Maoism–Gonzalo Thought</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxism%E2%80%93Leninism%E2%80%93Maoism%E2%80%93Prachanda_Path" title="Marxism–Leninism–Maoism–Prachanda Path">Marxism–Leninism–Maoism–Prachanda Path</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping_Thought" title="Xi Jinping Thought">Xi Jinping Thought</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stalinism" title="Stalinism">Stalinism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Stalinism" title="Neo-Stalinism">Neo-Stalinism</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Bolshevism" title="National Bolshevism">National</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Tkachev" title="Pyotr Tkachev">Tkachevism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_socialism" title="State socialism">State</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lassallism" title="Lassallism">Lassallism</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Religious_socialism" title="Religious socialism">Religious</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_socialism" title="Buddhist socialism">Buddhist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_socialism" title="Christian socialism">Christian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_anarchism" title="Christian anarchism">anarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_communism" title="Christian communism">communism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_socialism" title="Islamic socialism">Islamic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_left" title="Jewish left">Jewish</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional variants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_socialism" title="African socialism">African</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Caribbean_leftism" title="Afro-Caribbean leftism">African-Caribbean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_socialism" title="Arab socialism">Arab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolivarianism" title="Bolivarianism">Bolivarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Principles_of_the_People" title="Three Principles of the People">Chinese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_with_Chinese_characteristics" title="Socialism with Chinese characteristics">Communist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_ideology_of_the_Kuomintang" title="Socialist ideology of the Kuomintang">Nationalist</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chiangism" title="Chiangism">Chiangist</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_democracy" title="Social democracy">European</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eurocommunism" title="Eurocommunism">Eurocommunism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gandhian_socialism" title="Gandhian socialism">Indian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labor_Zionism" title="Labor Zionism">Israeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marhaenism" title="Marhaenism">Indonesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melanesian_socialism" title="Melanesian socialism">Melanesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neozapatismo" title="Neozapatismo">Mexican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ideology_of_the_Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Ideology of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union">Soviet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_in_one_country" title="Socialism in one country">In one country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_socialism" title="Real socialism">Real</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Socialism in Sri Lanka">Sri Lankan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_World_socialism" title="Third World socialism">Third World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titoism" title="Titoism">Yugoslav</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Key topics<br />and issues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarchist_economics" class="mw-redirect" title="Anarchist economics">Anarchist economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-revisionism" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-revisionism">Anti-revisionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_capitalism" title="Criticism of capitalism">Criticism of capitalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_socialism" title="Criticism of socialism">Criticism of socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Critique_of_political_economy" title="Critique of political economy">Critique of political economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Critique_of_work" title="Critique of work">Critique of work</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Class_conflict" title="Class conflict">Class struggle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democracy" title="Democracy">Democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dictatorship_of_the_proletariat" title="Dictatorship of the proletariat">Dictatorship of the proletariat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egalitarianism" title="Egalitarianism">Egalitarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_equal_liberty#Equal_liberty" title="Law of equal liberty">Equal liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equal_opportunity" title="Equal opportunity">Equality of opportunity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equality_of_outcome" title="Equality of outcome">Equality of outcome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_anarchism" title="History of anarchism">History of anarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_communism" title="History of communism">History of communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_socialism" title="History of socialism">History of socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_social_democracy" title="History of social democracy">History of social democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impossibilism" title="Impossibilism">Impossibilism</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Internationale" title="The Internationale">The Internationale</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internationalism_(politics)" title="Internationalism (politics)">Internationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State-owned_enterprise" title="State-owned enterprise">State-owned enterprise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_reform" title="Land reform">Land reform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left-wing_politics" title="Left-wing politics">Left-wing politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixed_economy" title="Mixed economy">Mixed economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mode_of_production" title="Mode of production">Mode of production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanosocialism" title="Nanosocialism">Nanosocialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalization" title="Nationalization">Nationalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planned_economy" title="Planned economy">Planned economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-capitalism" title="Post-capitalism">Post-capitalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proletarian_revolution" title="Proletarian revolution">Proletarian revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformism" title="Reformism">Reformism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revisionism_(Marxism)" title="Revisionism (Marxism)">Revisionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_ownership" title="Social ownership">Socialisation of production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_economics" title="Socialist economics">Socialist economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_market_economy" title="Socialist market economy">Socialist market economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_state" title="Socialist state">Socialist state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_capitalism" title="State capitalism">State capitalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_union" title="Trade union">Trade union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welfare_state" title="Welfare state">Welfare state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_council" title="Workers' council">Workers' council</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adhocracy" title="Adhocracy">Adhocracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anarchist_economics" class="mw-redirect" title="Anarchist economics">Anarchist economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_basic_income" title="Universal basic income">Basic income</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calculation_in_kind" title="Calculation in kind">Calculation in kind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_ownership" title="Common ownership">Common ownership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooperative" title="Cooperative">Cooperative ownership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planned_economy#Decentralized_planning" title="Planned economy">Decentralized planning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Direct_democracy" title="Direct democracy">Direct democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_democracy" title="Economic democracy">Economic democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_planning" title="Economic planning">Economic planning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equal_opportunity" title="Equal opportunity">Equal opportunity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_association_of_producers" title="Free association of producers">Free association of producers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_democracy" title="Industrial democracy">Industrial democracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labor-time_calculation" title="Labor-time calculation">Labor-time calculation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_voucher" title="Labour voucher">Labour voucher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_self-management" title="Workers' self-management">Organizational self-management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Production_for_use" title="Production for use">Production for use</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_ownership" title="State ownership">Public ownership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_dividend" title="Social dividend">Social dividend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_mode_of_production" title="Socialist mode of production">Socialist mode of production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technocracy" title="Technocracy">Technocracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workplace_democracy" title="Workplace democracy">Workplace democracy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Socialists" title="Category:Socialists">People</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">16th <abbr title="century">c.</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tommaso_Campanella" title="Tommaso Campanella">Tommaso Campanella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_More" title="Thomas More">Thomas More</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">18th <abbr title="century">c.</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-No%C3%ABl_Babeuf" title="François-Noël Babeuf">Gracchus Babeuf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_d%27Hupay" title="Victor d'Hupay">Victor d'Hupay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Bonnot_de_Mably" title="Gabriel Bonnot de Mably">Gabriel Bonnot de Mably</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylvain_Mar%C3%A9chal" title="Sylvain Maréchal">Sylvain Maréchal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne-Gabriel_Morelly" title="Étienne-Gabriel Morelly">Étienne-Gabriel Morelly</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">19th <abbr title="century">c.</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Pearl_Andrews" title="Stephen Pearl Andrews">Stephen Pearl Andrews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Bakunin" title="Mikhail Bakunin">Mikhail Bakunin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Goodwyn_Barmby" title="John Goodwyn Barmby">John Goodwyn Barmby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enrico_Barone" title="Enrico Barone">Enrico Barone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_Bebel" title="August Bebel">August Bebel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Bellamy" title="Edward Bellamy">Edward Bellamy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduard_Bernstein" title="Eduard Bernstein">Eduard Bernstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Blanc" title="Louis Blanc">Louis Blanc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Auguste_Blanqui" title="Louis Auguste Blanqui">Louis Auguste Blanqui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippe_Buchez" title="Philippe Buchez">Philippe Buchez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_B%C3%BCchner" title="Georg Büchner">Georg Büchner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippe_Buonarroti" title="Philippe Buonarroti">Philippe Buonarroti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Largo_Caballero" title="Francisco Largo Caballero">Francisco Largo Caballero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Cabet" title="Étienne Cabet">Étienne Cabet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Carpenter" title="Edward Carpenter">Edward Carpenter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Chernyshevsky" title="Nikolay Chernyshevsky">Nikolay Chernyshevsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Connolly" title="James Connolly">James Connolly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Prosper_Considerant" title="Victor Prosper Considerant">Victor Prosper Considerant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claire_D%C3%A9mar" title="Claire Démar">Claire Démar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9odore_D%C3%A9zamy" title="Théodore Dézamy">Théodore Dézamy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._E._B._Du_Bois" title="W. E. B. Du Bois">W. E. B. Du Bois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barth%C3%A9lemy-Prosper_Enfantin" title="Barthélemy-Prosper Enfantin">Prosper Enfantin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Engels" title="Friedrich Engels">Friedrich Engels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Fourier" title="Charles Fourier">Charles Fourier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emma_Goldman" title="Emma Goldman">Emma Goldman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Batchelder_Greene" title="William Batchelder Greene">William Batchelder Greene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Hall_(economist)" title="Charles Hall (economist)">Charles Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Herzen" title="Alexander Herzen">Alexander Herzen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hodgskin" title="Thomas Hodgskin">Thomas Hodgskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Jaur%C3%A8s" title="Jean Jaurès">Jean Jaurès</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mother_Jones" title="Mother Jones">Mother Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Kautsky" title="Karl Kautsky">Karl Kautsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Kropotkin" title="Peter Kropotkin">Peter Kropotkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Lafargue" title="Paul Lafargue">Paul Lafargue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Lassalle" title="Ferdinand Lassalle">Ferdinand Lassalle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Lavrov" title="Pyotr Lavrov">Pyotr Lavrov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Auguste_Ledru-Rollin" title="Alexandre Auguste Ledru-Rollin">Alexandre Ledru-Rollin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Leroux" title="Pierre Leroux">Pierre Leroux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Macfarlane" title="Helen Macfarlane">Helen Macfarlane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Errico_Malatesta" title="Errico Malatesta">Errico Malatesta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Marx" title="Karl Marx">Karl Marx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Michel" title="Louise Michel">Louise Michel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolay_Mikhaylovsky" title="Nikolay Mikhaylovsky">Nikolay Mikhaylovsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Morris" title="William Morris">William Morris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Owen" title="Robert Owen">Robert Owen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonie_Pannekoek" class="mw-redirect" title="Antonie Pannekoek">Antonie Pannekoek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Pascoli" title="Giovanni Pascoli">Giovanni Pascoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantin_Pecqueur" title="Constantin Pecqueur">Constantin Pecqueur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgi_Plekhanov" title="Georgi Plekhanov">Georgi Plekhanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre-Joseph_Proudhon" title="Pierre-Joseph Proudhon">Pierre-Joseph Proudhon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luis_Emilio_Recabarren" title="Luis Emilio Recabarren">Luis Emilio Recabarren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_de_Saint-Simon" title="Henri de Saint-Simon">Henri de Saint-Simon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Saltykov-Shchedrin" title="Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin">Mikhail Saltykov-Shchedrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Sand" title="George Sand">George Sand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Wilhelm_Schulz" title="Friedrich Wilhelm Schulz">Friedrich Wilhelm Schulz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Sue" title="Eugène Sue">Eugène Sue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lysander_Spooner" title="Lysander Spooner">Lysander Spooner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_M._Taylor" title="Fred M. Taylor">Fred M. Taylor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Thompson_(philosopher)" title="William Thompson (philosopher)">William Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Tkachev" title="Pyotr Tkachev">Pyotr Tkachev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Tucker" title="Benjamin Tucker">Benjamin Tucker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suzanne_Voilquin" title="Suzanne Voilquin">Suzanne Voilquin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Russel_Wallace" title="Alfred Russel Wallace">Alfred Russel Wallace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josiah_Warren" title="Josiah Warren">Josiah Warren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Weitling" title="Wilhelm Weitling">Wilhelm Weitling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Wilde" title="Oscar Wilde">Oscar Wilde</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">20th <abbr title="century">c.</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tariq_Ali" title="Tariq Ali">Tariq Ali</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Salvador Allende</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inejir%C5%8D_Asanuma" title="Inejirō Asanuma">Inejirō Asanuma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hafez_al-Assad" title="Hafez al-Assad">Hafez al-Assad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clement_Attlee" title="Clement Attlee">Clement Attlee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aung_San" title="Aung San">Aung San</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deng_Xiaoping" title="Deng Xiaoping">Deng Xiaoping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jiang_Zemin" title="Jiang Zemin">Jiang Zemin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Barbusse" title="Henri Barbusse">Henri Barbusse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jyoti_Basu" title="Jyoti Basu">Jyoti Basu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simone_de_Beauvoir" title="Simone de Beauvoir">Simone de Beauvoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Benjamin" title="Walter Benjamin">Walter Benjamin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Benn" title="Tony Benn">Tony Benn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Blum" title="Léon Blum">Léon Blum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grace_Lee_Boggs" title="Grace Lee Boggs">Grace Lee Boggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murray_Bookchin" title="Murray Bookchin">Murray Bookchin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertolt_Brecht" title="Bertolt Brecht">Bertolt Brecht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aristide_Briand" title="Aristide Briand">Aristide Briand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Bukharin" title="Nikolai Bukharin">Nikolai Bukharin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornelius_Castoriadis" title="Cornelius Castoriadis">Cornelius Castoriadis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noam_Chomsky" title="Noam Chomsky">Noam Chomsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._N._Roy" title="M. N. Roy">M. N. Roy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._D._H._Cole" title="G. D. H. Cole">G. D. H. Cole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn">Jeremy Corbyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_D%C3%A9at" title="Marcel Déat">Marcel Déat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guy_Debord" title="Guy Debord">Guy Debord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_V._Debs" title="Eugene V. Debs">Eugene V. Debs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Dewey" title="John Dewey">John Dewey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Dub%C4%8Dek" title="Alexander Dubček">Alexander Dubček</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Albert Einstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faiz_Ahmad_Faiz" title="Faiz Ahmad Faiz">Faiz Ahmad Faiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muammar_Gaddafi" title="Muammar Gaddafi">Muammar Gaddafi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Einar_Gerhardsen" title="Einar Gerhardsen">Einar Gerhardsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Gorbachev" title="Mikhail Gorbachev">Mikhail Gorbachev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxim_Gorky" title="Maxim Gorky">Maxim Gorky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Gramsci" title="Antonio Gramsci">Antonio Gramsci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safdar_Hashmi" title="Safdar Hashmi">Safdar Hashmi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Hobsbawm" title="Eric Hobsbawm">Eric Hobsbawm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saddam_Hussein" title="Saddam Hussein">Saddam Hussein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolores_Ib%C3%A1rruri" title="Dolores Ibárruri">Dolores Ibárruri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pablo_Iglesias_Posse" title="Pablo Iglesias Posse">Pablo Iglesias Posse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayaprakash_Narayan" title="Jayaprakash Narayan">Jayaprakash Narayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_Jacoby" title="Russell Jacoby">Russell Jacoby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kim_Jong-il" class="mw-redirect" title="Kim Jong-il">Kim Jong-il</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kim_Il_Sung" title="Kim Il Sung">Kim Il Sung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_King_Jr." title="Martin Luther King Jr.">Martin Luther King Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandra_Kollontai" title="Alexandra Kollontai">Alexandra Kollontai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Larkin" title="James Larkin">James Larkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._M._S._Namboodiripad" title="E. M. S. Namboodiripad">E. M. S. Namboodiripad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Layton" title="Jack Layton">Jack Layton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Lefebvre" title="Henri Lefebvre">Henri Lefebvre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Lefort" title="Claude Lefort">Claude Lefort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Lenin" title="Vladimir Lenin">Vladimir Lenin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gy%C3%B6rgy_Luk%C3%A1cs" title="György Lukács">György Lukács</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosa_Luxemburg" title="Rosa Luxemburg">Rosa Luxemburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lu_Xun" title="Lu Xun">Lu Xun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alasdair_MacIntyre" title="Alasdair MacIntyre">Alasdair MacIntyre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nestor_Makhno" title="Nestor Makhno">Nestor Makhno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela" title="Nelson Mandela">Nelson Mandela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Carlos_Mari%C3%A1tegui" title="José Carlos Mariátegui">José Carlos Mariátegui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adrien_Marquet" title="Adrien Marquet">Adrien Marquet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mao_Dun" title="Mao Dun">Mao Dun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salama_Moussa" title="Salama Moussa">Salama Moussa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Mitterrand" title="François Mitterrand">François Mitterrand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imre_Nagy" title="Imre Nagy">Imre Nagy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamal_Abdel_Nasser" title="Gamal Abdel Nasser">Gamal Abdel Nasser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru" title="Jawaharlal Nehru">Jawaharlal Nehru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Niekisch" title="Ernst Niekisch">Ernst Niekisch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ne_Win" title="Ne Win">Ne Win</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Orwell" title="George Orwell">George Orwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylvia_Pankhurst" title="Sylvia Pankhurst">Sylvia Pankhurst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Paterson" title="Fred Paterson">Fred Paterson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Polanyi" title="Karl Polanyi">Karl Polanyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Renaudel" title="Pierre Renaudel">Pierre Renaudel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._T._Ranadive" title="B. T. Ranadive">B. T. Ranadive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Russell" title="Bertrand Russell">Bertrand Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaetano_Salvemini" title="Gaetano Salvemini">Gaetano Salvemini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernie_Sanders" title="Bernie Sanders">Bernie Sanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Paul_Sartre" title="Jean-Paul Sartre">Jean-Paul Sartre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Scargill" title="Arthur Scargill">Arthur Scargill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9opold_S%C3%A9dar_Senghor" title="Léopold Sédar Senghor">Léopold Sédar Senghor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Bernard_Shaw" title="George Bernard Shaw">George Bernard Shaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukarno" title="Sukarno">Sukarno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Yat-sen" title="Sun Yat-sen">Sun Yat-sen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R._H._Tawney" title="R. H. Tawney">R. H. Tawney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._P._Thompson" title="E. P. Thompson">E. P. Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Toller" title="Ernst Toller">Ernst Toller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leon_Trotsky" title="Leon Trotsky">Leon Trotsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Manohar_Lohia" title="Ram Manohar Lohia">Ram Manohar Lohia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._G._Wells" title="H. G. Wells">H. G. Wells</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornel_West" title="Cornel West">Cornel West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clara_Zetkin" title="Clara Zetkin">Clara Zetkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Zinn" title="Howard Zinn">Howard Zinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._Posadas" title="J. Posadas">J. Posadas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">21st <abbr title="century">c.</abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Castillo" title="Pedro Castillo">Pedro Castillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Ch%C3%A1vez" title="Hugo Chávez">Hugo Chávez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Crow" title="Bob Crow">Bob Crow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Jintao" title="Hu Jintao">Hu Jintao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kemal_K%C4%B1l%C4%B1%C3%A7daro%C4%9Flu" title="Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu">Kemal Kılıçdaroğlu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kim_Jong_Un" title="Kim Jong Un">Kim Jong Un</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lula_da_Silva" class="mw-redirect" title="Lula da Silva">Lula da Silva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evo_Morales" title="Evo Morales">Evo Morales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yanis_Varoufakis" title="Yanis Varoufakis">Yanis Varoufakis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xi_Jinping" title="Xi Jinping">Xi Jinping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaush" title="Vaush">Vaush</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Socialist_organizations" title="Category:Socialist organizations">Organizations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:International_socialist_organizations" title="Category:International socialist organizations">International socialist organizations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Socialist_parties" title="Category:Socialist parties">Socialist parties</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anarchism" title="Anarchism">Anarchism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">Communism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_calculation_problem" title="Economic calculation problem">Economic calculation problem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxist_philosophy" title="Marxist philosophy">Marxist philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Left" title="New Left">New Left</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Left" title="Old Left">Old Left</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Socialism_by_state" title="Template:Socialism by state">Socialism by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_calculation_debate" title="Socialist calculation debate">Socialist calculation debate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" 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href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Socialism" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Socialism">Socialism WikiProject</a></b></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_flag_II.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/16px-Red_flag_II.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/24px-Red_flag_II.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Red_flag_II.svg/32px-Red_flag_II.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="466" data-file-height="411" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Socialism" title="Portal:Socialism">Socialism portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/16px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/24px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg/32px-Symbol-hammer-and-sickle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Communism" title="Portal:Communism">Communism portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Syndicalism.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Syndicalism.svg/16px-Syndicalism.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Syndicalism.svg/24px-Syndicalism.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Syndicalism.svg/32px-Syndicalism.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="530" data-file-height="530" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Organized_Labour" title="Portal:Organized Labour">Organized Labour portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Social_democracy" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Social_democracy" title="Template:Social democracy"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Social_democracy" class="mw-redirect" title="Template talk:Social democracy"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Social_democracy" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Social democracy"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Social_democracy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="vertical-align:1px;"><a href="/wiki/Social_democracy" title="Social democracy">Social democracy</a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span style="vertical-align:1px;"><a href="/wiki/History_of_social_democracy" title="History of social democracy">History</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenment" title="Age of Enlightenment">Age of Enlightenment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frankfurt_Declaration" title="Frankfurt Declaration">Frankfurt Declaration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Godesberg_Program" title="Godesberg Program">Godesberg Program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humanism" title="Humanism">Humanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internationalist%E2%80%93defencist_schism" title="Internationalist–defencist schism">Internationalist–defencist schism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keynesian_economics" title="Keynesian economics">Keynesianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_movement" title="Labour movement">Labor movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marxism" title="Marxism">Marxism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orthodox_Marxism" title="Orthodox Marxism">Orthodox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revisionism_(Marxism)" title="Revisionism (Marxism)">Revisionist</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_model" title="Nordic model">Nordic model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_democracy#Second_International_era_and_reform_or_revolution_dispute_(1889–1914)" title="Social democracy">Reformist–revolutionary dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_socialism" title="History of socialism">Socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutions_of_1848" title="Revolutions of 1848">Revolutions of 1848</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utopian_socialism" title="Utopian socialism">Utopian socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welfare_capitalism" title="Welfare capitalism">Welfare capitalism</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px;padding: 0.5em;"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Rose_(symbolism)#Socialism_and_social_democracy" title="Rose (symbolism)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Red_rose_02.svg/75px-Red_rose_02.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="71" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Red_rose_02.svg/113px-Red_rose_02.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Red_rose_02.svg/150px-Red_rose_02.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="611" data-file-height="579" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civil_liberties" title="Civil liberties">Civil liberties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democracy" title="Democracy">Democracy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economic_democracy" title="Economic democracy">Economic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_democracy" title="Industrial democracy">Industrial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Representative_democracy" title="Representative democracy">Representative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democracy_in_Marxism" title="Democracy in Marxism">Marxist</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirigisme" title="Dirigisme">Dirigisme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmentalism" title="Environmentalism">Environmentalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_protection" title="Environmental protection">Environmental protection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fair_trade" title="Fair trade">Fair trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gradualism" title="Gradualism">Gradualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internationalism_(politics)#Socialism" title="Internationalism (politics)">Internationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_reform" title="Land reform">Land reform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labor_rights" title="Labor rights">Labor rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left-wing_nationalism" title="Left-wing nationalism">Left-wing nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixed_economy" title="Mixed economy">Mixed economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalization" title="Nationalization">Nationalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negative_and_positive_rights" title="Negative and positive rights">Negative and positive rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressivism" title="Progressivism">Progressivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformism" title="Reformism">Reformism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reformist_Left" class="mw-redirect" title="Reformist Left">Left</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reformism" title="Reformism">Socialism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_socialism" title="Revolutionary socialism">Revolutionary socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secularism" title="Secularism">Secularism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_corporatism" title="Social corporatism">Social corporatism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_justice" title="Social justice">Social justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_market_economy" title="Social market economy">Social market economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_state" title="Socialist state">Socialist state</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/State_capitalism" title="State capitalism">Capitalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_socialism" title="State socialism">Socialism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_union" title="Trade union">Trade union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripartisme" title="Tripartisme">Tripartisme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welfare" class="mw-redirect" title="Welfare">Welfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welfare_state" title="Welfare state">Welfare state</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span style="vertical-align:1px;">Variants</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_socialism" title="Democratic socialism">Democratic socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethical_socialism" title="Ethical socialism">Ethical socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduard_Bernstein#Opinions" title="Eduard Bernstein">Evolutionary socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_socialism" title="Liberal socialism">Liberal socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism_of_the_21st_century" title="Socialism of the 21st century">Socialism of the 21st century</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third_Way" title="Third Way">Third Way</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span style="vertical-align:1px;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_social_democrats" title="List of social democrats">People</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B._R._Ambedkar" title="B. R. Ambedkar">Ambedkar</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Allende</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacinda_Ardern" title="Jacinda Ardern">Ardern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clement_Attlee" title="Clement Attlee">Attlee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obafemi_Awolowo" title="Obafemi Awolowo">Awolowo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Batlle_y_Ord%C3%B3%C3%B1ez" title="José Batlle y Ordóñez">Batlle y Ordóñez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_Bebel" title="August Bebel">Bebel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Ben-Gurion" title="David Ben-Gurion">Ben-Gurion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduard_Bernstein" title="Eduard Bernstein">Bernstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%B3mulo_Betancourt" title="Rómulo Betancourt">Betancourt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zulfikar_Ali_Bhutto" title="Zulfikar Ali Bhutto">Bhutto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Blair" title="Tony Blair">Blair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Blanc" title="Louis Blanc">Blanc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willy_Brandt" title="Willy Brandt">Brandt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hjalmar_Branting" title="Hjalmar Branting">Branting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Brown" title="Gordon Brown">Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Callaghan" title="James Callaghan">Callaghan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A1zaro_C%C3%A1rdenas" title="Lázaro Cárdenas">Cárdenas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugo_Ch%C3%A1vez" title="Hugo Chávez">Chávez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Clark" title="Helen Clark">Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bettino_Craxi" title="Bettino Craxi">Craxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Crosland" title="Anthony Crosland">Crosland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Corbyn" title="Jeremy Corbyn">Corbyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Curtin" title="John Curtin">Curtin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignacy_Daszy%C5%84ski" title="Ignacy Daszyński">Daszyński</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_V._Debs" title="Eugene V. Debs">Debs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tommy_Douglas" title="Tommy Douglas">Douglas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willem_Drees" title="Willem Drees">Drees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Ebert" title="Friedrich Ebert">Ebert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BClent_Ecevit" title="Bülent Ecevit">Ecevit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Engels" title="Friedrich Engels">Engels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Fraser" title="Peter Fraser">Fraser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Gaitskell" title="Hugh Gaitskell">Gaitskell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indira_Gandhi" title="Indira Gandhi">Gandhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felipe_Gonz%C3%A1lez" title="Felipe González">González</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_Goulart" title="João Goulart">Goulart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keir_Hardie" title="Keir Hardie">Hardie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Hilferding" title="Rudolf Hilferding">Hilferding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Jaur%C3%A8s" title="Jean Jaurès">Jaurès</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roy_Jenkins" title="Roy Jenkins">Jenkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carsun_Chang" title="Carsun Chang">Junmai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetsu_Katayama" title="Tetsu Katayama">Katayama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Kautsky" title="Karl Kautsky">Kautsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Kerensky" title="Alexander Kerensky">Kerensky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_K%C3%A9thly" title="Anna Kéthly">Kéthly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Kirk" title="Norman Kirk">Kirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ricardo_Lagos" title="Ricardo Lagos">Lagos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Lassalle" title="Ferdinand Lassalle">Lassalle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Layton" title="Jack Layton">Layton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Lenin" title="Vladimir Lenin">Lenin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_L%C3%A9vesque" title="René Lévesque">Lévesque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Liebknecht" title="Wilhelm Liebknecht">Liebknecht (father)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Liebknecht" title="Karl Liebknecht">Liebknecht (son)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosa_Luxemburg" title="Rosa Luxemburg">Luxemburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramsay_MacDonald" title="Ramsay MacDonald">MacDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela" title="Nelson Mandela">Mandela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Marx" title="Karl Marx">Marx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evo_Morales" title="Evo Morales">Morales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alva_Myrdal" title="Alva Myrdal">Myrdal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru" title="Jawaharlal Nehru">Nehru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olof_Palme" title="Olof Palme">Palme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgi_Plekhanov" title="Georgi Plekhanov">Plekhanov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romano_Prodi" title="Romano Prodi">Prodi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Russell" title="Bertrand Russell">Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernie_Sanders" title="Bernie Sanders">Sanders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Joseph_Savage" title="Michael Joseph Savage">Savage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thorvald_Stauning" title="Thorvald Stauning">Stauning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Thomas" title="Norman Thomas">Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joop_den_Uyl" title="Joop den Uyl">Den Uyl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidney_Webb,_1st_Baron_Passfield" title="Sidney Webb, 1st Baron Passfield">Webb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gough_Whitlam" title="Gough Whitlam">Whitlam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Wilson" title="Harold Wilson">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._S._Woodsworth" title="J. S. Woodsworth">Woodsworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noe_Zhordania" title="Noe Zhordania">Zhordania</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span style="vertical-align:1px;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_social_democratic_parties" title="List of social democratic parties">Organizations</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Trade_Union_Confederation" title="International Trade Union Confederation">International Trade Union Confederation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Socialist_Youth" title="International Union of Socialist Youth">International Union of Socialist Youth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Party_of_European_Socialists" title="Party of European Socialists">Party of European Socialists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Alliance" title="Progressive Alliance">Progressive Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_International" title="Socialist International">Socialist International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_European_Socialists" title="Young European Socialists">Young European Socialists</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By region</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Social_Democratic_Party_of_Austria" title="History of the Social Democratic Party of Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany" title="History of the Social Democratic Party of Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_democracy_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Social democracy in the United States">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communism" title="Communism">Communism</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/The_Internationale" title="The Internationale">The Internationale</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialism" title="Socialism">Socialism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Types_of_socialism" title="Types of socialism">Types of socialism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Economics" title="Portal:Economics">Economics portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Socialism" title="Portal:Socialism">Socialism portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q440#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q440#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a 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href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121446616">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/97618187">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/7511/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJmTqGjDxb9g8cM3ktvyh3">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118502085">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n50022993">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11888506q">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11888506q">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00431313">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35003625">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn19990000120&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX826611">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/964">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p070229678">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90364437">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bncatalogo.cl/F?func=direct&local_base=red10&doc_number=000037057">Chile</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=103069">Greece</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogo.bn.gov.ar/F/?func=direct&local_base=BNA10&doc_number=000027197">Argentina</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC201111694">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/nl036z564z36267">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810625716305606">Poland</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810684986205606">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007257666405171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:au:finaf:000189330">Finland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058507501806706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA05123165?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/c5917c54-03c7-4009-b0d8-b012e8aed5fb">MusicBrainz</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/785891">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd118502085.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/118502085">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/028151852">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10580511">NARA</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6wd4trb">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Salvador_Allende&oldid=1258686457">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Salvador_Allende&oldid=1258686457</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1908_births" title="Category:1908 births">1908 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1973_suicides" title="Category:1973 suicides">1973 suicides</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1973_deaths" title="Category:1973 deaths">1973 deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Politicians_from_Santiago,_Chile" title="Category:Politicians from Santiago, Chile">Politicians from 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Chile">20th-century presidents of Chile</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ministers_of_health_of_Chile" title="Category:Ministers of health of Chile">Ministers of health of Chile</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Deputies_of_the_XXXVIII_Legislative_Period_of_the_National_Congress_of_Chile" title="Category:Deputies of the XXXVIII Legislative Period of the National Congress of Chile">Deputies of the XXXVIII Legislative Period of the National Congress of Chile</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Presidents_of_the_Senate_of_Chile" title="Category:Presidents of the Senate of Chile">Presidents of the Senate of Chile</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Senators_of_the_XL_Legislative_Period_of_the_National_Congress_of_Chile" title="Category:Senators of the XL Legislative Period of the National Congress of Chile">Senators of the XL Legislative Period of the National Congress of Chile</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Senators_of_the_XLI_Legislative_Period_of_the_National_Congress_of_Chile" title="Category:Senators of the XLI Legislative Period of the National Congress of Chile">Senators of the XLI Legislative Period of the National Congress of Chile</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Senators_of_the_XLII_Legislative_Period_of_the_National_Congress_of_Chile" title="Category:Senators of the XLII Legislative Period of the National Congress of Chile">Senators of the XLII Legislative Period of the National Congress of Chile</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Senators_of_the_XLIII_Legislative_Period_of_the_National_Congress_of_Chile" title="Category:Senators of the XLIII Legislative Period of the National Congress of Chile">Senators of the XLIII Legislative Period of the National Congress of Chile</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Senators_of_the_XLIV_Legislative_Period_of_the_National_Congress_of_Chile" title="Category:Senators of the XLIV Legislative Period of the National Congress of Chile">Senators of the XLIV Legislative Period of the National Congress of Chile</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Senators_of_the_XLV_Legislative_Period_of_the_National_Congress_of_Chile" title="Category:Senators of the XLV Legislative Period of the National Congress of Chile">Senators of the XLV Legislative Period of the National Congress of Chile</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Senators_of_the_XLVI_Legislative_Period_of_the_National_Congress_of_Chile" title="Category:Senators of the XLVI Legislative Period of the National Congress of Chile">Senators of the XLVI Legislative Period of the National Congress of Chile</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Candidates_for_President_of_Chile" title="Category:Candidates for President of Chile">Candidates for President of Chile</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:20th-century_Chilean_physicians" title="Category:20th-century Chilean physicians">20th-century Chilean physicians</a></li><li><a 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[\"CITEREFMarcel,_M.Solimano,_A.1993\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcGuire,_J.W.2010\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFMedina2014\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFMichael_Evans\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMoran1974\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMorgado\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMujal-León,_E.1989\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNaviaSoto_Castro2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNiedergang1973\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNogeeSloan1979\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFOsborn2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPan_American_Health_Organization2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPatsouras2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPeter2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPipes2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPorter2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPribble,_J.E.The_University_of_North_Carolina_at_Chapel_Hill._Political_Science:_Doctoral2008\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRosenstein-Rodan1974\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRoss2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFRégis_Debray1972\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFShayne,_J.D.2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSigmund1977\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTallentire2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTedeschiBrownFee2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFThomas,_G.2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTutee\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWaitzkin2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWilkinson2023\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWinn2010\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFWright,_T.C.2001\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"1973 Chilean coup d'état\"] = 1,\n [\"Authority control\"] = 1,\n [\"Birth date\"] = 1,\n [\"Blockquote\"] = 2,\n [\"Bulleted list\"] = 1,\n [\"Cbignore\"] = 1,\n [\"Citation\"] = 2,\n [\"Citation needed\"] = 2,\n [\"Cite AV media\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite Merriam-Webster\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 33,\n [\"Cite encyclopedia\"] = 3,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 8,\n [\"Cite magazine\"] = 3,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 21,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 58,\n [\"Cn\"] = 1,\n [\"Commons\"] = 1,\n [\"DEFAULTSORT:Allende, Salvador\"] = 1,\n [\"Dead link\"] = 1,\n [\"Death date and age\"] = 1,\n [\"Efn\"] = 1,\n [\"Efn-ua\"] = 4,\n [\"Family name hatnote\"] = 1,\n [\"Frac\"] = 1,\n [\"Full citations needed\"] = 1,\n [\"Hlist\"] = 1,\n [\"IPA\"] = 1,\n [\"IPAc-en\"] = 2,\n [\"ISBN\"] = 1,\n [\"ISBN?\"] = 1,\n [\"Ill\"] = 3,\n [\"In lang\"] = 5,\n [\"Incomplete short citation\"] = 3,\n [\"Infobox officeholder\"] = 1,\n [\"Interlanguage link\"] = 1,\n [\"Isabel Allende\"] = 1,\n [\"Main\"] = 7,\n [\"Marriage\"] = 1,\n [\"Multiple image\"] = 1,\n [\"Navboxes\"] = 1,\n [\"Notelist-ua\"] = 1,\n [\"Official website\"] = 1,\n [\"Page?\"] = 1,\n [\"Presidents of Chile\"] = 1,\n [\"Presidents of the Senate of Chile\"] = 1,\n [\"Redirect\"] = 1,\n [\"Refbegin\"] = 1,\n [\"Refend\"] = 1,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Respell\"] = 1,\n [\"S-aft\"] = 10,\n [\"S-bef\"] = 9,\n [\"S-break\"] = 9,\n [\"S-end\"] = 1,\n [\"S-new\"] = 1,\n [\"S-off\"] = 1,\n [\"S-par\"] = 2,\n [\"S-ppo\"] = 1,\n [\"S-start\"] = 1,\n [\"S-ttl\"] = 10,\n [\"Salvador Allende\"] = 1,\n [\"See also\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 4,\n [\"Sfnref\"] = 1,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"Snd\"] = 1,\n [\"Social democracy\"] = 1,\n [\"Social democracy sidebar\"] = 1,\n [\"Socialism\"] = 1,\n [\"Socialism sidebar\"] = 1,\n [\"Spaced ndash\"] = 1,\n [\"Use American English\"] = 1,\n [\"Use dmy dates\"] = 1,\n [\"Webarchive\"] = 13,\n [\"Who\"] = 1,\n [\"Wikiquote\"] = 1,\n [\"Wikisource author\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"tiny\",\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"tiny\",\n}\ntable#1 {\n [\"size\"] = \"tiny\",\n}\n","limitreport-profile":[["?","500","24.3"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction","240","11.7"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::gsub","220","10.7"],["dataWrapper \u003Cmw.lua:672\u003E","180","8.7"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::sub","120","5.8"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::find","120","5.8"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::getExpensiveData","60","2.9"],["(for generator)","60","2.9"],["recursiveClone \u003CmwInit.lua:45\u003E","60","2.9"],["makeMessage \u003Cmw.message.lua:76\u003E","40","1.9"],["[others]","460","22.3"]]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-zb8xp","timestamp":"20241122140628","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Salvador Allende","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Salvador_Allende","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q440","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q440","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2002-05-05T23:42:01Z","dateModified":"2024-11-21T01:18:32Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/0\/0d\/Salvador_Allende_Gossens-.jpg","headline":"28th president of Chile (1908\u20131973)"}</script> </body> 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