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id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="ค้นหาใน วิกิพีเดีย" aria-label="ค้นหาใน วิกิพีเดีย" autocapitalize="sentences" title="ค้นหาวิกิ [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="พิเศษ:ค้นหา"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">ค้นหา</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="เครื่องมือส่วนตัว"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="หน้าตา"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="หน้าตา" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">หน้าตา</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_th.wikipedia.org&uselang=th" class=""><span>บริจาคให้วิกิพีเดีย</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88&returnto=%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" title="แนะนำให้คุณสร้างบัญชีและเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ" class=""><span>สร้างบัญชี</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99&returnto=%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" title="แนะนำให้คุณเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>เข้าสู่ระบบ</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="ตัวเลือกเพิ่มเติม" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="เครื่องมือส่วนตัว" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">เครื่องมือส่วนตัว</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="เมนูผู้ใช้" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_th.wikipedia.org&uselang=th"><span>บริจาคให้วิกิพีเดีย</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9C%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88&returnto=%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" title="แนะนำให้คุณสร้างบัญชีและเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>สร้างบัญชี</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99&returnto=%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" title="แนะนำให้คุณเข้าสู่ระบบ แต่ไม่บังคับ [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>เข้าสู่ระบบ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> หน้าสำหรับผู้แก้ไขที่ออกจากระบบ <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89:%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B3" aria-label="เรียนรู้เพิ่มเกี่ยวกับการแก้ไข"><span>เรียนรู้เพิ่มเติม</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%89%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%99" title="รายการการแก้ไขจากเลขที่อยู่ไอพีนี้ [y]" accesskey="y"><span>ส่วนร่วม</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%89%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="อภิปรายเกี่ยวกับการแก้ไขจากเลขที่อยู่ไอพีนี้ [n]" accesskey="n"><span>คุย</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="ไซต์"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="สารบัญ" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">สารบัญ</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">ย้ายเมนูไปที่แถบด้านข้าง</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ซ่อน</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">บทนำ</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-ประวัติ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ประวัติ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>ประวัติ</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-ประวัติ-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle ประวัติ subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-ประวัติ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-ฉบับร่าง_ค.ศ._1787" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ฉบับร่าง_ค.ศ._1787"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>ฉบับร่าง ค.ศ. 1787</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ฉบับร่าง_ค.ศ._1787-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-สัตยาบัน_ค.ศ._1788" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#สัตยาบัน_ค.ศ._1788"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>สัตยาบัน ค.ศ. 1788</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-สัตยาบัน_ค.ศ._1788-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ดูเพิ่ม" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ดูเพิ่ม"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>ดูเพิ่ม</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ดูเพิ่ม-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-อ้างอิง" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#อ้างอิง"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>อ้างอิง</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-อ้างอิง-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle อ้างอิง subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-อ้างอิง-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Works_cited" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Works_cited"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Works cited</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Works_cited-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-หนังสือสำหรับอ่านเพิ่มเติม" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#หนังสือสำหรับอ่านเพิ่มเติม"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>หนังสือสำหรับอ่านเพิ่มเติม</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-หนังสือสำหรับอ่านเพิ่มเติม-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-แหล่งข้อมูลอื่น" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#แหล่งข้อมูลอื่น"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>แหล่งข้อมูลอื่น</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-แหล่งข้อมูลอื่น-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle แหล่งข้อมูลอื่น subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-แหล่งข้อมูลอื่น-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-แหล่งข้อมูลของรัฐบาลสหรัฐ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#แหล่งข้อมูลของรัฐบาลสหรัฐ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>แหล่งข้อมูลของรัฐบาลสหรัฐ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-แหล่งข้อมูลของรัฐบาลสหรัฐ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ไม่ใช่แหล่งข้อมูลของรัฐบาล" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ไม่ใช่แหล่งข้อมูลของรัฐบาล"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>ไม่ใช่แหล่งข้อมูลของรัฐบาล</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ไม่ใช่แหล่งข้อมูลของรัฐบาล-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="สารบัญ" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">รัฐธรรมนูญสหรัฐ</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="ไปที่บทความในภาษาอื่น ซึ่งมีใน 89 ภาษา" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-89" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">89 ภาษา</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grondwet_van_die_Verenigde_State" title="Grondwet van die Verenigde State – แอฟริกานส์" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Grondwet van die Verenigde State" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="แอฟริกานส์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grundgesetnes_%C3%BE%C4%81ra_Ge%C4%81ndena_R%C4%ABca_American" title="Grundgesetnes þāra Geāndena Rīca American – อังกฤษโบราณ" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Grundgesetnes þāra Geāndena Rīca American" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="อังกฤษโบราณ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D8%A9" title="دستور الولايات المتحدة – อาหรับ" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="دستور الولايات المتحدة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="อาหรับ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%A7" title="دستور امريكا – อาหรับพื้นเมืองอียิปต์" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="دستور امريكا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="อาหรับพื้นเมืองอียิปต์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constituci%C3%B3n_de_los_Estaos_Xun%C3%ADos" title="Constitución de los Estaos Xuníos – อัสตูเรียส" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Constitución de los Estaos Xuníos" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="อัสตูเรียส" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/AB%C5%9E_Konstitusiyas%C4%B1" title="ABŞ Konstitusiyası – อาเซอร์ไบจาน" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="ABŞ Konstitusiyası" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="อาเซอร์ไบจาน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D2%A0%D0%A8_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F%D2%BB%D1%8B" title="АҠШ Конституцияһы – บัชคีร์" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="АҠШ Конституцияһы" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="บัชคีร์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%82%D1%83%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%97%D0%A8%D0%90" title="Канстытуцыя ЗША – เบลารุส" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Канстытуцыя ЗША" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="เบลารุส" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%82%D1%83%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%97%D0%A8%D0%90" title="Канстытуцыя ЗША – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Канстытуцыя ЗША" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%90%D0%A9" title="Конституция на САЩ – บัลแกเรีย" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Конституция на САЩ" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="บัลแกเรีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="अमेरिका के संबिधान – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="अमेरिका के संबिधान" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ustav_Sjedinjenih_Ameri%C4%8Dkih_Dr%C5%BEava" title="Ustav Sjedinjenih Američkih Država – บอสเนีย" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Ustav Sjedinjenih Američkih Država" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="บอสเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constituci%C3%B3_dels_Estats_Units" title="Constitució dels Estats Units – คาตาลัน" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Constitució dels Estats Units" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="คาตาลัน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%95%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%95%D8%AA%DB%95_%DB%8C%DB%95%DA%A9%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%88%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A6%DB%95%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7" title="دەستووری ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکانی ئەمریکا – เคิร์ดตอนกลาง" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="دەستووری ویلایەتە یەکگرتووەکانی ئەمریکا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="เคิร์ดตอนกลาง" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="บทความคัดสรร"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Astava_Spojen%C3%BDch_st%C3%A1t%C5%AF_americk%C3%BDch" title="Ústava Spojených států amerických – เช็ก" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ústava Spojených států amerických" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="เช็ก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%9F%D0%A8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B9%C4%95" title="АПШ конституцийĕ – ชูวัช" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="АПШ конституцийĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="ชูวัช" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="บทความแนะนำ"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/USA%27s_forfatning" title="USA's forfatning – เดนมาร์ก" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="USA's forfatning" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="เดนมาร์ก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="บทความคัดสรร"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verfassung_der_Vereinigten_Staaten" title="Verfassung der Vereinigten Staaten – เยอรมัน" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Verfassung der Vereinigten Staaten" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="เยอรมัน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%8D%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%BC%CE%B1_%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%97%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BD_%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%B9%CF%8E%CE%BD" title="Σύνταγμα των Ηνωμένων Πολιτειών – กรีก" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σύνταγμα των Ηνωμένων Πολιτειών" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="กรีก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_of_the_United_States" title="Constitution of the United States – อังกฤษ" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Constitution of the United States" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="อังกฤษ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konstitucio_de_Usono" title="Konstitucio de Usono – เอสเปรันโต" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Konstitucio de Usono" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="เอสเปรันโต" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constituci%C3%B3n_de_los_Estados_Unidos" title="Constitución de los Estados Unidos – สเปน" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Constitución de los Estados Unidos" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="สเปน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ameerika_%C3%9Chendriikide_p%C3%B5hiseadus" title="Ameerika Ühendriikide põhiseadus – เอสโตเนีย" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ameerika Ühendriikide põhiseadus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="เอสโตเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ameriketako_Estatu_Batuetako_Konstituzioa" title="Ameriketako Estatu Batuetako Konstituzioa – บาสก์" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ameriketako Estatu Batuetako Konstituzioa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="บาสก์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7" title="قانون اساسی ایالات متحده آمریکا – เปอร์เซีย" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="قانون اساسی ایالات متحده آمریکا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="เปอร์เซีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yhdysvaltain_perustuslaki" title="Yhdysvaltain perustuslaki – ฟินแลนด์" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Yhdysvaltain perustuslaki" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="ฟินแลนด์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_des_%C3%89tats-Unis" title="Constitution des États-Unis – ฝรั่งเศส" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Constitution des États-Unis" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ฝรั่งเศส" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bunreacht_na_St%C3%A1t_Aontaithe" title="Bunreacht na Stát Aontaithe – ไอริช" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Bunreacht na Stát Aontaithe" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ไอริช" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%88%A9%E5%A0%85%E5%90%88%E7%9C%BE%E5%9C%8B%E6%86%B2%E6%B3%95" title="美利堅合眾國憲法 – จีนกั้น" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="美利堅合眾國憲法" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="จีนกั้น" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constituci%C3%B3n_dos_Estados_Unidos_de_Am%C3%A9rica" title="Constitución dos Estados Unidos de América – กาลิเซีย" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Constitución dos Estados Unidos de América" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="กาลิเซีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%AE-koet_Hi%C3%A8n-fap" title="Mî-koet Hièn-fap – จีนแคะ" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Mî-koet Hièn-fap" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="จีนแคะ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%AA_%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A6%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%AA" title="חוקת ארצות הברית – ฮิบรู" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חוקת ארצות הברית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ฮิบรู" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="संयुक्त राज्य संविधान – ฮินดี" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="संयुक्त राज्य संविधान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="ฮินดี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ustav_Sjedinjenih_Ameri%C4%8Dkih_Dr%C5%BEava" title="Ustav Sjedinjenih Američkih Država – โครเอเชีย" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ustav Sjedinjenih Američkih Država" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="โครเอเชีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Az_Amerikai_Egyes%C3%BClt_%C3%81llamok_alkotm%C3%A1nya" title="Az Amerikai Egyesült Államok alkotmánya – ฮังการี" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Az Amerikai Egyesült Államok alkotmánya" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ฮังการี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%84%D5%86_%D5%8D%D5%A1%D5%B0%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%A4%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="ԱՄՆ Սահմանադրություն – อาร์เมเนีย" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="ԱՄՆ Սահմանադրություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="อาร์เมเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konstitusi_Amerika_Serikat" title="Konstitusi Amerika Serikat – อินโดนีเซีย" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Konstitusi Amerika Serikat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="อินโดนีเซีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stj%C3%B3rnarskr%C3%A1_Bandar%C3%ADkjanna" title="Stjórnarskrá Bandaríkjanna – ไอซ์แลนด์" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Stjórnarskrá Bandaríkjanna" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="ไอซ์แลนด์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Costituzione_degli_Stati_Uniti_d%27America" title="Costituzione degli Stati Uniti d'America – อิตาลี" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Costituzione degli Stati Uniti d'America" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="อิตาลี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A1%E3%83%AA%E3%82%AB%E5%90%88%E8%A1%86%E5%9B%BD%E6%86%B2%E6%B3%95" title="アメリカ合衆国憲法 – ญี่ปุ่น" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アメリカ合衆国憲法" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="ญี่ปุ่น" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%94%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ამერიკის შეერთებული შტატების კონსტიტუცია – จอร์เจีย" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ამერიკის შეერთებული შტატების კონსტიტუცია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="จอร์เจีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D2%9A%D0%A8_%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%8B" title="АҚШ Конституциясы – คาซัค" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="АҚШ Конституциясы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="คาซัค" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%85%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95_%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%AF%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4_%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A5%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%A6_%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A7%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8" title="ಅಮೇರಿಕ ಸಂಯುಕ್ತ ಸಂಸ್ಥಾನದ ಸಂವಿಧಾನ – กันนาดา" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಅಮೇರಿಕ ಸಂಯುಕ್ತ ಸಂಸ್ಥಾನದ ಸಂವಿಧಾನ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="กันนาดา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EA%B5%AD%EC%9D%98_%ED%97%8C%EB%B2%95" title="미국의 헌법 – เกาหลี" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="미국의 헌법" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="เกาหลี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korf_Lagha_an_Statys_Unys" title="Korf Lagha an Statys Unys – คอร์นิช" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Korf Lagha an Statys Unys" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="คอร์นิช" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitutio_Civitatum_Foederatarum_Americae" title="Constitutio Civitatum Foederatarum Americae – ละติน" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Constitutio Civitatum Foederatarum Americae" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="ละติน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Costituzion_di_Stat_Unii" title="Costituzion di Stat Unii – ลอมบาร์ด" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Costituzion di Stat Unii" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="ลอมบาร์ด" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jungtini%C5%B3_Amerikos_Valstij%C5%B3_Konstitucija" title="Jungtinių Amerikos Valstijų Konstitucija – ลิทัวเนีย" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Jungtinių Amerikos Valstijų Konstitucija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="ลิทัวเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/ASV_Konstit%C5%ABcija" title="ASV Konstitūcija – ลัตเวีย" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="ASV Konstitūcija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="ลัตเวีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B5_%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%94%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Устав на Соединетите Американски Држави – มาซิโดเนีย" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Устав на Соединетите Американски Држави" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="มาซิโดเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%9D%D0%A3-%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D2%AE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D1%85%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="АНУ-ын Үндсэн хууль – มองโกเลีย" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="АНУ-ын Үндсэн хууль" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="มองโกเลีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="अमेरिकेचे संविधान – มราฐี" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="अमेरिकेचे संविधान" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="มราฐี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perlembagaan_Amerika_Syarikat" title="Perlembagaan Amerika Syarikat – มาเลย์" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Perlembagaan Amerika Syarikat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="มาเลย์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिकाको संविधान – เนปาล" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिकाको संविधान" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="เนปาล" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grondwet_van_de_Verenigde_Staten" title="Grondwet van de Verenigde Staten – ดัตช์" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Grondwet van de Verenigde Staten" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="ดัตช์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den_amerikanske_grunnloven" title="Den amerikanske grunnloven – นอร์เวย์นีนอสก์" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Den amerikanske grunnloven" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="นอร์เวย์นีนอสก์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/USAs_grunnlov" title="USAs grunnlov – นอร์เวย์บุคมอล" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="USAs grunnlov" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="นอร์เวย์บุคมอล" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitucion_dels_Estats_Units" title="Constitucion dels Estats Units – อ็อกซิตัน" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Constitucion dels Estats Units" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="อ็อกซิตัน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%AF%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%A4_%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%9C_%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%A7%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8" title="ਸੰਯੁਕਤ ਰਾਜ ਦਾ ਸੰਵਿਧਾਨ – ปัญจาบ" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸੰਯੁਕਤ ਰਾਜ ਦਾ ਸੰਵਿਧਾਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="ปัญจาบ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konstytucja_Stan%C3%B3w_Zjednoczonych" title="Konstytucja Stanów Zjednoczonych – โปแลนด์" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Konstytucja Stanów Zjednoczonych" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="โปแลนด์" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%81%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%92_%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%DB%81_%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7_%D8%AF%D8%A7_%D8%A2%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%86" title="ریاستہائے متحدہ امریکا دا آئین – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ریاستہائے متحدہ امریکا دا آئین" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF_%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%87_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%88_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A_%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%86" title="د متحده ایالاتو اساسي قانون – พัชโต" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="د متحده ایالاتو اساسي قانون" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="พัชโต" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitui%C3%A7%C3%A3o_dos_Estados_Unidos" title="Constituição dos Estados Unidos – โปรตุเกส" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Constituição dos Estados Unidos" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="โปรตุเกส" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitu%C8%9Bia_Statelor_Unite_ale_Americii" title="Constituția Statelor Unite ale Americii – โรมาเนีย" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Constituția Statelor Unite ale Americii" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="โรมาเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%A8%D0%90" title="Конституция США – รัสเซีย" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Конституция США" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="รัสเซีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%BEh%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%85_%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Америка Холбоhуктаах Штаттарын конституцията – ซาคา" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Америка Холбоhуктаах Штаттарын конституцията" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="ซาคา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ustav_Sjedinjenih_Ameri%C4%8Dkih_Dr%C5%BEava" title="Ustav Sjedinjenih Američkih Država – เซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ustav Sjedinjenih Američkih Država" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="เซอร์โบ-โครเอเชีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%91%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%A2%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%AF_%E0%B6%86%E0%B6%AB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A9%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%B8_%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AE%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="එක්සත් ජනපද ආණ්ඩුක්‍රම ව්‍යවස්ථාව – สิงหล" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="එක්සත් ජනපද ආණ්ඩුක්‍රම ව්‍යවස්ථාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="สิงหล" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_of_the_United_States" title="Constitution of the United States – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Constitution of the United States" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Astava_Spojen%C3%BDch_%C5%A1t%C3%A1tov" title="Ústava Spojených štátov – สโลวัก" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ústava Spojených štátov" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="สโลวัก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ustava_Zdru%C5%BEenih_dr%C5%BEav_Amerike" title="Ustava Združenih držav Amerike – สโลวีเนีย" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Ustava Združenih držav Amerike" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="สโลวีเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kushtetuta_e_Shteteve_t%C3%AB_Bashkuara" title="Kushtetuta e Shteteve të Bashkuara – แอลเบเนีย" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kushtetuta e Shteteve të Bashkuara" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="แอลเบเนีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B2_%D0%A1%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%90%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%94%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Устав Сједињених Америчких Држава – เซอร์เบีย" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Устав Сједињених Америчких Држава" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="เซอร์เบีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/USA:s_konstitution" title="USA:s konstitution – สวีเดน" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="USA:s konstitution" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="สวีเดน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%90%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81" title="ஐக்கிய அமெரிக்க அரசியலமைப்பு – ทมิฬ" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஐக்கிய அமெரிக்க அரசியலமைப்பு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="ทมิฬ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%85%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BE_%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%9C%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82" title="అమెరికా రాజ్యాంగం – เตลูกู" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="అమెరికా రాజ్యాంగం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="เตลูกู" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D2%9B%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%98%D1%91%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D2%B3%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Сарқонуни Иёллоти Мутаҳидда – ทาจิก" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Сарқонуни Иёллоти Мутаҳидда" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="ทาจิก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saligang_Batas_ng_Estados_Unidos" title="Saligang Batas ng Estados Unidos – ตากาล็อก" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Saligang Batas ng Estados Unidos" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="ตากาล็อก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amerika_Birle%C5%9Fik_Devletleri_Anayasas%C4%B1" title="Amerika Birleşik Devletleri Anayasası – ตุรกี" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Amerika Birleşik Devletleri Anayasası" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="ตุรกี" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%83%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%A8%D0%90" title="Конституція США – ยูเครน" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Конституція США" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ยูเครน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%81%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%92_%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%DB%81_%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7_%DA%A9%D8%A7_%D8%A2%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%86" title="ریاستہائے متحدہ امریکا کا آئین – อูรดู" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ریاستہائے متحدہ امریکا کا آئین" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="อูรดู" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/AQSh_Konstitutsiyasi" title="AQSh Konstitutsiyasi – อุซเบก" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="AQSh Konstitutsiyasi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="อุซเบก" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Costitusion_dei_Stati_Unii_de_l%27Am%C3%A8rica" title="Costitusion dei Stati Unii de l'Amèrica – เวเนโต้" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Costitusion dei Stati Unii de l'Amèrica" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="เวเนโต้" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hi%E1%BA%BFn_ph%C3%A1p_Hoa_K%E1%BB%B3" title="Hiến pháp Hoa Kỳ – เวียดนาม" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hiến pháp Hoa Kỳ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="เวียดนาม" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%AA%E6%B3%95" title="美国宪法 – จีนอู๋" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="美国宪法" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="จีนอู๋" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8-%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ააშ-იშ კონსტიტუცია – เมเกรเลีย" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ააშ-იშ კონსტიტუცია" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="เมเกรเลีย" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Cw%C3%A9-%C3%B2fin_%C3%8Cb%C3%A1gb%C3%A9p%E1%BB%8D%CC%80_Or%C3%ADl%E1%BA%B9%CC%80-%C3%A8d%C3%A8_Am%E1%BA%B9%CC%81r%C3%ADk%C3%A0" title="Ìwé-òfin Ìbágbépọ̀ Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà – โยรูบา" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ìwé-òfin Ìbágbépọ̀ Orílẹ̀-èdè Amẹ́ríkà" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="โยรูบา" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%AA%E6%B3%95" title="美国宪法 – จีน" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="美国宪法" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="จีน" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E6%86%B2%E6%B3%95" title="美國憲法 – กวางตุ้ง" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="美國憲法" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="กวางตุ้ง" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11698#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="แก้ไขลิงก์ข้ามภาษา" class="wbc-editpage">แก้ไขลิงก์</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav 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id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90&action=edit" title="แก้ไขรหัสต้นฉบับของหน้านี้ [e]" accesskey="e"><span>แก้ไข</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90&action=history"><span>ดูประวัติ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ทั่วไป </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a 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พิมพ์/ส่งออก </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90"><span>สร้างหนังสือ</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90&action=show-download-screen"><span>ดาวน์โหลดเป็น PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90&printable=yes" title="รุ่นที่พร้อมพิมพ์ของหน้านี้ [p]" accesskey="p"><span>รุ่นพร้อมพิมพ์</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ในโครงการอื่น </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/United_States_Constitution" hreflang="en"><span>วิกิมีเดียคอมมอนส์</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikisource mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" hreflang="th"><span>วิกิซอร์ซ</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11698" title="ลิงก์ไปยังสิ่งนี้ในคลังซึ่งเชื่อมโยงข้อมูลต่าง ๆ เข้าด้วยกัน [g]" accesskey="g"><span>สิ่งนี้ในวิกิสนเทศ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="หน้าเครื่องมือ"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="หน้าตา"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">หน้าตา</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">ย้ายเมนูไปที่แถบด้านข้าง</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ซ่อน</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">จากวิกิพีเดีย สารานุกรมเสรี</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(เปลี่ยนทางจาก <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="รัฐธรรมนูญแห่งสหรัฐอเมริกา">รัฐธรรมนูญแห่งสหรัฐอเมริกา</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="th" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" style="width:22em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold">รัฐธรรมนูญแห่งสหรัฐ</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Constitution_of_the_United_States,_page_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Constitution_of_the_United_States%2C_page_1.jpg/200px-Constitution_of_the_United_States%2C_page_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="242" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Constitution_of_the_United_States%2C_page_1.jpg/300px-Constitution_of_the_United_States%2C_page_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Constitution_of_the_United_States%2C_page_1.jpg/400px-Constitution_of_the_United_States%2C_page_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7258" data-file-height="8785" /></a></span><div><small>หน้าแรกของรัฐธรรมนูญแห่งสหรัฐฉบับดั้งเดิม ปัจจุบันอยู่ที่ องค์การบริหารจดหมายเหตุและบันทึกแห่งชาติ (National Archives and Records Administration)</small></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background:#cefefef;">ข้อมูลทั่วไป</th></tr><tr><th scope="row">ผู้ตรา</th><td>ผู้แทนของสภาร่างรัฐธรรมนูญ</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">วันตรา</th><td>17 กันยายน ค.ศ. 1787</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">วันอนุมัติ</th><td>21 มิถุนายน ค.ศ. 1788</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">ผู้ลงนาม</th><td>ผู้แทนของสภาร่างรัฐธรรมนูญ 39 จาก 55 คน</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">ท้องที่ใช้</th><td><span class="datasortkey" data-sort-value="สหรัฐ"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" class="mw-redirect" title="สหรัฐ">สหรัฐ</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>รัฐธรรมนูญสหรัฐ</b> (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A4%E0%B8%A9" title="ภาษาอังกฤษ">อังกฤษ</a>: <span lang="en">United States Constitution</span>) เป็นกฎหมายสูงสุดของ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" class="mw-redirect" title="สหรัฐ">สหรัฐ</a> เป็นกรอบการปฏิบัติสำหรับหน่วยงานของ<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" class="mw-redirect" title="รัฐบาลกลางแห่งสหรัฐ">รัฐบาลกลางแห่งสหรัฐ</a> และกำหนดความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างรัฐบาลกลางกับรัฐบาลท้องถิ่นของรัฐต่าง ๆ รวมถึงประชาชนทุกคนที่อาศัยอยู่ในสหรัฐด้วย </p><p>สามมาตราแรกของรัฐธรรมูญตั้งกฎและการแบ่งแยกอำนาจเป็นสามส่วนของรัฐบาลกลาง ได้แก่ ฝ่ายนิติบัญญัติ คือ รัฐสภาแบบสองสภา ฝ่ายบริหารนำโดยประธานาธิบดี และฝ่ายตุลาการนำโดยศาลสูงสุด สี่มาตราสุดท้ายวางกรอบหลัก<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" title="ระบอบสหพันธรัฐ">ระบอบสหพันธรัฐ</a> </p><p>รัฐธรรมนูญแห่งสหรัฐได้ประกาศใช้เมื่อวันที่ 17 กันยายน ค.ศ. 1787 ในที่ประชุม ณ <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="ฟิลาเดลเฟีย">ฟิลาเดลเฟีย</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2" title="รัฐเพนซิลเวเนีย">รัฐเพนซิลเวเนีย</a> และรับรองโดยการประชุมในรัฐต่าง ๆ ในนามของประชาชน โดยจนถึงปัจจุบัน รัฐธรรมนูญแห่งสหรัฐได้ถูกเปลี่ยนแปลงแก้ไข มาแล้ว 27 ครั้ง โดยสิบครั้งแรกเป็นที่รู้จักในนามของ รัฐบัญญัติสิทธิ (Bill of Rights) </p><p>รัฐธรรมนูญแห่งสหรัฐจัดเป็นรัฐธรรมนูญที่เป็นลายลักษณ์อักษณที่เก่าแก่ที่สุดที่ใช้บังคับอยู่ในปัจจุบัน อย่างไรก็ตาม หากรวมรัฐธรรมนูญที่ไม่เป็นลายลักษณ์อักษรเข้าไปด้วย รัฐธรรมนูญของกรุงซานมาริโน จะเก่าแก่กว่า<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%87" title="วิกิพีเดีย:ต้องการอ้างอิง"><span title="การอ้างนี้ต้องการแหล่งอ้างอิงที่น่าเชื่อถือ">ต้องการอ้างอิง</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>รัฐธรรมนูญแห่งสหรัฐจัดเป็นหัวใจหลักของกฎหมายในสหรัฐและวัฒนธรรมทางการเมือง โดยต้นฉบับดั้งเดิม ที่เขียนโดยนายจาคอป ชาลัส ได้จัดแสดงไว้ที่ องค์การบริหารจดหมายเหตุและบันทึกแห่งชาติ (National Archives and Records Administration) ณ กรุง<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99_%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="วอชิงตัน ดีซี">วอชิงตัน ดีซี</a> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ประวัติ"><span id=".E0.B8.9B.E0.B8.A3.E0.B8.B0.E0.B8.A7.E0.B8.B1.E0.B8.95.E0.B8.B4"></span>ประวัติ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90&action=edit&section=1" title="แก้ไขส่วน: ประวัติ"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ฉบับร่าง_ค.ศ._1787"><span id=".E0.B8.89.E0.B8.9A.E0.B8.B1.E0.B8.9A.E0.B8.A3.E0.B9.88.E0.B8.B2.E0.B8.87_.E0.B8.84..E0.B8.A8._1787"></span>ฉบับร่าง ค.ศ. 1787</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90&action=edit&section=2" title="แก้ไขส่วน: ฉบับร่าง ค.ศ. 1787"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r10224066">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}html.client-js body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .mbox-text-span{margin-left:23px!important}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}</style><table class="box-โครงส่วน plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><b>ส่วนนี้รอเพิ่มเติมข้อมูล</b> <small>คุณสามารถช่วย<a class="external text" href="https://th.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90&action=edit&section=">เพิ่มข้อมูลส่วนนี้</a>ได้</small></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Scene_at_the_Signing_of_the_Constitution_of_the_United_States.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Scene_at_the_Signing_of_the_Constitution_of_the_United_States.jpg/220px-Scene_at_the_Signing_of_the_Constitution_of_the_United_States.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Scene_at_the_Signing_of_the_Constitution_of_the_United_States.jpg/330px-Scene_at_the_Signing_of_the_Constitution_of_the_United_States.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Scene_at_the_Signing_of_the_Constitution_of_the_United_States.jpg/440px-Scene_at_the_Signing_of_the_Constitution_of_the_United_States.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="1933" /></a><figcaption>การลงนามในรัฐธรรมนูญเมื่อวันที่ 17 กันยายน ค.ศ. 1787</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="สัตยาบัน_ค.ศ._1788"><span id=".E0.B8.AA.E0.B8.B1.E0.B8.95.E0.B8.A2.E0.B8.B2.E0.B8.9A.E0.B8.B1.E0.B8.99_.E0.B8.84..E0.B8.A8._1788"></span>สัตยาบัน ค.ศ. 1788</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90&action=edit&section=3" title="แก้ไขส่วน: สัตยาบัน ค.ศ. 1788"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10224066"><table class="box-โครงส่วน plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><b>ส่วนนี้รอเพิ่มเติมข้อมูล</b> <small>คุณสามารถช่วย<a class="external text" href="https://th.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90&action=edit&section=">เพิ่มข้อมูลส่วนนี้</a>ได้</small></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ดูเพิ่ม"><span id=".E0.B8.94.E0.B8.B9.E0.B9.80.E0.B8.9E.E0.B8.B4.E0.B9.88.E0.B8.A1"></span>ดูเพิ่ม</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90&action=edit&section=4" title="แก้ไขส่วน: ดูเพิ่ม"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%89%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%82%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88_1" title="การแก้ไขเพิ่มเติมรัฐธรรมนูญสหรัฐครั้งที่ 1">การแก้ไขเพิ่มเติมรัฐธรรมนูญสหรัฐครั้งที่ 1</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="อ้างอิง"><span id=".E0.B8.AD.E0.B9.89.E0.B8.B2.E0.B8.87.E0.B8.AD.E0.B8.B4.E0.B8.87"></span>อ้างอิง</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90&action=edit&section=5" title="แก้ไขส่วน: อ้างอิง"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Works_cited">Works cited</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90&action=edit&section=6" title="แก้ไขส่วน: Works cited"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r8938631">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{list-style-type:none;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>dl>dd{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100{font-size:100%}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r10205087">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFAdlerGorman1975" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mortimer_J._Adler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mortimer J. Adler (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Adler, Mortimer</a> & Gorman, William (1975). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/americantestamen00adle"><i>The American Testament: for the Institute for Philosophical Research and the Aspen Institute for Humanistic Studies</i></a>. New York: Praeger. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD/978-0-275-34060-5" title="พิเศษ:แหล่งหนังสือ/978-0-275-34060-5"><bdi>978-0-275-34060-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+American+Testament%3A+for+the+Institute+for+Philosophical+Research+and+the+Aspen+Institute+for+Humanistic+Studies&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Praeger&rft.date=1975&rft.isbn=978-0-275-34060-5&rft.aulast=Adler&rft.aufirst=Mortimer&rft.au=Gorman%2C+William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Famericantestamen00adle&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFBillias2009" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_Athan_Billias&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="George Athan Billias (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Billias, George</a> (2009). <i>American Constitutionalism Heard Round the World, 1776–1989: A Global Perspective</i>. New York: New York University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD/978-0-8147-9107-3" title="พิเศษ:แหล่งหนังสือ/978-0-8147-9107-3"><bdi>978-0-8147-9107-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+Constitutionalism+Heard+Round+the+World%2C+1776%E2%80%931989%3A+A+Global+Perspective&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=New+York+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-8147-9107-3&rft.aulast=Billias&rft.aufirst=George&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFBowen2010" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Catherine_Drinker_Bowen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Catherine Drinker Bowen (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Bowen, Catherine</a> (2010) [First published 1966]. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Miracle_at_Philadelphia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Miracle at Philadelphia (ไม่มีหน้านี้)"><i>Miracle at Philadelphia: The Story of the Constitutional Convention, May to September 1787</i></a>. New York: Little, Brown. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD/978-0-316-10261-2" title="พิเศษ:แหล่งหนังสือ/978-0-316-10261-2"><bdi>978-0-316-10261-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Miracle+at+Philadelphia%3A+The+Story+of+the+Constitutional+Convention%2C+May+to+September+1787&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Little%2C+Brown&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-316-10261-2&rft.aulast=Bowen&rft.aufirst=Catherine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFFarber2003" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daniel_A._Farber&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daniel A. Farber (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Farber, Daniel</a> (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lincolnsconstitu00farb"><i>Lincoln's Constitution</i></a>. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD/978-0-226-23793-0" title="พิเศษ:แหล่งหนังสือ/978-0-226-23793-0"><bdi>978-0-226-23793-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lincoln%27s+Constitution&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-226-23793-0&rft.aulast=Farber&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Flincolnsconstitu00farb&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFLevinson1987" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sanford_Levinson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sanford Levinson (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Levinson, Sanford</a> (1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://scholarship.law.wm.edu/wmlr/vol29/iss1/13">"Pledging Faith in the Civil Religion; Or, Would You Sign the Constitution?"</a>. <i>William & Mary Law Review</i>. <b>29</b> (113)<span class="reference-accessdate">. สืบค้นเมื่อ <span class="nowrap">December 15,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=William+%26+Mary+Law+Review&rft.atitle=Pledging+Faith+in+the+Civil+Religion%3B+Or%2C+Would+You+Sign+the+Constitution%3F&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=113&rft.date=1987&rft.aulast=Levinson&rft.aufirst=Sanford&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fscholarship.law.wm.edu%2Fwmlr%2Fvol29%2Fiss1%2F13&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFMaier2010" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pauline_Maier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pauline Maier (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Maier, Pauline</a> (2010). <i>Ratification: The People Debate the Constitution, 1787–1788</i>. New York: Simon & Schuster. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD/978-0-684-86854-7" title="พิเศษ:แหล่งหนังสือ/978-0-684-86854-7"><bdi>978-0-684-86854-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ratification%3A+The+People+Debate+the+Constitution%2C+1787%E2%80%931788&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-684-86854-7&rft.aulast=Maier&rft.aufirst=Pauline&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFMalcolm1920" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_A._Malcolm&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="George A. Malcolm (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Malcolm, George A.</a> (1920). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NJsqAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA109">"Constitutional History of the Philippines"</a>. <i>American Bar Association Journal</i>. <b>6</b>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Bar+Association+Journal&rft.atitle=Constitutional+History+of+the+Philippines&rft.volume=6&rft.date=1920&rft.aulast=Malcolm&rft.aufirst=George+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNJsqAAAAYAAJ%26pg%3DPA109&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFMoncure_Jr.1990" class="citation journal cs1">Moncure Jr., Thomas M. (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.constitution.org/2ll/2ndschol/75tmvarc.pdf">"Who is the Militia: The Virginia Ratification Convention and the Right to Bear Arms"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Lincoln Law Review</i>. <b>19</b>: 1–25<span class="reference-accessdate">. สืบค้นเมื่อ <span class="nowrap">November 11,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Lincoln+Law+Review&rft.atitle=Who+is+the+Militia%3A+The+Virginia+Ratification+Convention+and+the+Right+to+Bear+Arms&rft.volume=19&rft.pages=1-25&rft.date=1990&rft.aulast=Moncure+Jr.&rft.aufirst=Thomas+M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.constitution.org%2F2ll%2F2ndschol%2F75tmvarc.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFO'Connor2010" class="citation web cs1">O'Connor, Tom (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210224200536/http://www.drtomoconnor.com/3000/3000lect01.htm">"Constitutional Structure"</a>. คลังข้อมูลเก่าเก็บจาก<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.drtomoconnor.com/3000/3000lect01.htm">แหล่งเดิม</a>เมื่อ 2021-02-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. สืบค้นเมื่อ <span class="nowrap">November 14,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Constitutional+Structure&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=O%27Connor&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.drtomoconnor.com%2F3000%2F3000lect01.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFPritchett1959" class="citation book cs1">Pritchett, C. Herman (1959). <span class="cs1-lock-registration" title="ต้องสมัครสมาชิกแบบฟรี"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/americanconstitu0000prit_u5p8"><i>The American Constitution</i></a></span>. New York: McGraw-Hill.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+American+Constitution&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=McGraw-Hill&rft.date=1959&rft.aulast=Pritchett&rft.aufirst=C.+Herman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Famericanconstitu0000prit_u5p8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFQing_Yu1988" class="citation book cs1">Qing Yu, Li (1988). "Dr. Sun Yat Sen and the U.S. Constitution". ใน Starr, Joseph Barton (บ.ก.). <i>The United States Constitution: Its Birth, Growth, and Influence in Asia</i>. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD/978-962-209-201-3" title="พิเศษ:แหล่งหนังสือ/978-962-209-201-3"><bdi>978-962-209-201-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Dr.+Sun+Yat+Sen+and+the+U.S.+Constitution&rft.btitle=The+United+States+Constitution%3A+Its+Birth%2C+Growth%2C+and+Influence+in+Asia&rft.place=Hong+Kong&rft.pub=Hong+Kong+University+Press&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=978-962-209-201-3&rft.aulast=Qing+Yu&rft.aufirst=Li&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFStacy2003" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Stacy, Lee, บ.ก. (2003). <i>Mexico and the United States</i>. Vol. vol. 2. London: Marshall Cavendish. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD/978-0-7614-7402-9" title="พิเศษ:แหล่งหนังสือ/978-0-7614-7402-9"><bdi>978-0-7614-7402-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mexico+and+the+United+States&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Marshall+Cavendish&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-7614-7402-9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-hidden-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:Cite_book" title="แม่แบบ:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-hidden-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|volume=</code> has extra text (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89:CS1_errors#extra_text_volume" class="mw-redirect" title="วิธีใช้:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFWood1998" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gordon_S._Wood&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gordon S. Wood (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Wood, Gordon</a> (1998). <i>The Creation of the American Republic, 1776–1787</i>. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD/978-0-8078-4723-7" title="พิเศษ:แหล่งหนังสือ/978-0-8078-4723-7"><bdi>978-0-8078-4723-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Creation+of+the+American+Republic%2C+1776%E2%80%931787&rft.place=Chapel+Hill&rft.pub=University+of+North+Carolina+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-8078-4723-7&rft.aulast=Wood&rft.aufirst=Gordon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="หนังสือสำหรับอ่านเพิ่มเติม"><span id=".E0.B8.AB.E0.B8.99.E0.B8.B1.E0.B8.87.E0.B8.AA.E0.B8.B7.E0.B8.AD.E0.B8.AA.E0.B8.B3.E0.B8.AB.E0.B8.A3.E0.B8.B1.E0.B8.9A.E0.B8.AD.E0.B9.88.E0.B8.B2.E0.B8.99.E0.B9.80.E0.B8.9E.E0.B8.B4.E0.B9.88.E0.B8.A1.E0.B9.80.E0.B8.95.E0.B8.B4.E0.B8.A1"></span>หนังสือสำหรับอ่านเพิ่มเติม</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90&action=edit&section=7" title="แก้ไขส่วน: หนังสือสำหรับอ่านเพิ่มเติม"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r8938631"><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFBailyn1993" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernard_Bailyn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bernard Bailyn (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Bailyn, Bernard</a>, บ.ก. (1993). <i>The Debate on the Constitution: Federalist and Antifederalist Speeches, Articles, and Letters During the Struggle for Ratification</i>. Vol. Part One: September 1787 to February 1788. The Library of America.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Debate+on+the+Constitution%3A+Federalist+and+Antifederalist+Speeches%2C+Articles%2C+and+Letters+During+the+Struggle+for+Ratification&rft.pub=The+Library+of+America&rft.date=1993&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFBailyn1993" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Bailyn, Bernard, บ.ก. (1993). <i>The Debate on the Constitution: Federalist and Antifederalist Speeches, Articles, and Letters During the Struggle for Ratification</i>. Vol. Part Two: January to August 1788. The Library of America. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD/0-940450-64-X" title="พิเศษ:แหล่งหนังสือ/0-940450-64-X"><bdi>0-940450-64-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Debate+on+the+Constitution%3A+Federalist+and+Antifederalist+Speeches%2C+Articles%2C+and+Letters+During+the+Struggle+for+Ratification&rft.pub=The+Library+of+America&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=0-940450-64-X&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFBryce1891" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol"><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Bryce,_1st_Viscount_Bryce&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James Bryce, 1st Viscount Bryce (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Bryce, James, viscount</a> (1891). <i>The American Commonwealth</i>. Vol. vol. 1 (2nd ed.). London: Macmillan and Co. pp. [350]–397, [636]–645, 669–682, <i>et passim</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+American+Commonwealth&rft.place=London&rft.pages=350-397%2C+636-645%2C+669-682%2C+%27%27et+passim%27%27&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Macmillan+and+Co.&rft.date=1891&rft.aulast=Bryce&rft.aufirst=James%2C+viscount&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-hidden-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:Cite_book" title="แม่แบบ:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-hidden-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|volume=</code> has extra text (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89:CS1_errors#extra_text_volume" class="mw-redirect" title="วิธีใช้:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFCasey1974" class="citation journal cs1">Casey, Gregory (Spring 1974). "The Supreme Court and Myth: An Empirical Investigation". <i>Law & Society Review</i>. <b>8</b> (3): 385–420. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F3053081">10.2307/3053081</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.jstor.org/stable/3053081">3053081</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Law+%26+Society+Review&rft.atitle=The+Supreme+Court+and+Myth%3A+An+Empirical+Investigation&rft.ssn=spring&rft.volume=8&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=385-420&rft.date=1974&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F3053081&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3053081%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Casey&rft.aufirst=Gregory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Donna_Edwards&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Donna Edwards (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Edwards. Donna</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mary_Anne_Franks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mary Anne Franks (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Mary Anne Franks</a>, David Law (Chair in Public Law at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Hong_Kong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Hong Kong (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">University of Hong Kong</a>), <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Lessig" class="mw-redirect" title="Lawrence Lessig">Lawrence Lessig</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Michael_Seidman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Louis Michael Seidman (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Louis Michael Seidman</a>, "Constitution in Crisis: Has America's founding document become the nation's undoing?", <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Harper%27s_Magazine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harper's Magazine (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Harper's Magazine</a></i>, vol. 339, no. 2033 (October 2019), pp. 25–32. "The Constitution is not producing a <a href="/wiki/Democracy" class="mw-redirect" title="Democracy">democracy</a> that's responsive to the people. [p. 31.]<span class="nowrap"> </span>... How do we break this deeply unrepresentative system that we have right now?" "[O]ur system—and especially our elected leaders—are averse to change. But there is still a revolutionary spirit within the American public that doesn't exist among elected leaders." [p. 32.]</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFElliot" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jonathan_Elliot_(historian)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jonathan Elliot (historian) (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Elliot, Jonathan</a>. <i>The Debates in the Several State Conventions of the Adoption of the Federal Constitution</i>. Vol. Vol. 1, Constitution, Declaration of Independence, Articles of Confederation, Journal of Federal Convention, Vol. 2, State Conventions Massachusetts, Connecticut., New Hampshire, New York, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Vol. 3, Virginia, Vol. 4, North. and South. Carolina, Resolutions, Tariffs, Banks, Debt, Vol. 5 Debates in Congress, Madison's Notes, Misc. Letters.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Debates+in+the+Several+State+Conventions+of+the+Adoption+of+the+Federal+Constitution&rft.aulast=Elliot&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-hidden-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:Cite_book" title="แม่แบบ:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-hidden-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|volume=</code> has extra text (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%83%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89:CS1_errors#extra_text_volume" class="mw-redirect" title="วิธีใช้:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eric_Foner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eric Foner (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Foner, Eric</a>, "The Corrupt Bargain" (review of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alexander_Keyssar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alexander Keyssar (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Alexander Keyssar</a>, <i>Why Do We Still Have the <a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Electoral_College&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United States Electoral College (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Electoral College</a>?</i>, Harvard, 2020, 544 pp., <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD/978%2B0%2B674%2B66015%2B1" title="พิเศษ:แหล่งหนังสือ/978+0+674+66015+1">978 0 674 66015 1</a>; and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jesse_Wegman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jesse Wegman (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Jesse Wegman</a>, <i>Let the People Pick the President: The Case for Abolishing the Electoral College</i>, St Martin's Press, 2020, 304 pp., <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD/978%2B1%2B250%2B22197%2B1" title="พิเศษ:แหล่งหนังสือ/978+1+250+22197+1">978 1 250 22197 1</a>), <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=London_Review_of_Books&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="London Review of Books (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">London Review of Books</a></i>, vol. 42, no. 10 (21 May 2020), pp. 3, 5–6. Foner concludes (p. 6): "Rooted in distrust of ordinary citizens and, like so many other features of American life, in the institution of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Slavery_in_the_U.S.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Slavery in the U.S. (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">slavery</a>, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Electoral_College&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="United States Electoral College (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">electoral college</a> is a relic of a past the United States should have abandoned long ago."</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFFord1888" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Leicester_Ford&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Leicester Ford (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Ford, Paul Leicester</a>, บ.ก. (1888). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cu31924020874099"><i>Pamphlets on the Constitution of the United States, Published During its Discussion by the People, 1787–1788</i></a>. Brooklyn, NY;</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pamphlets+on+the+Constitution+of+the+United+States%2C+Published+During+its+Discussion+by+the+People%2C+1787%E2%80%931788&rft.place=Brooklyn%2C+NY&rft.date=1888&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcu31924020874099&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" class="Z3988"></span> Pamphlets written between 1787 and 1788 by Elbridge Gerry, Noah Webster, John Jay, Melancthon Smith, Pelatiah Webster, Tench Coxe, James Wilson, John Dickinson, Alexander Contee Hanson, Edmund Randolph, Richard Henry Lee, George Mason, and David Ramsay. The essay attributed to Gerry was in fact written by Mercy Otis Warren.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFFritz2008" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_G._Fritz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christian G. Fritz (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Fritz, Christian G.</a> (2008). <i>American Sovereigns: The People and America's Constitutional Tradition Before the Civil War</i>. Cambridge University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+Sovereigns%3A+The+People+and+America%27s+Constitutional+Tradition+Before+the+Civil+War&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.aulast=Fritz&rft.aufirst=Christian+G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFGarvey2004" class="citation book cs1">Garvey, John H., บ.ก. (2004). <i>Modern Constitutional Theory: A Reader</i> (5th ed.). <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD/978-0314149053" title="พิเศษ:แหล่งหนังสือ/978-0314149053"><bdi>978-0314149053</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Modern+Constitutional+Theory%3A+A+Reader&rft.edition=5th&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0314149053&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFHall1992" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kermit_L._Hall&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kermit L. Hall (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Hall, Kermit</a> (1992). <span class="cs1-lock-registration" title="ต้องสมัครสมาชิกแบบฟรี"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/oxfordcompaniont00hall"><i>The Oxford Companion to the Supreme Court of the United States</i></a></span>. New York: Oxford University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Companion+to+the+Supreme+Court+of+the+United+States&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1992&rft.aulast=Hall&rft.aufirst=Kermit&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Foxfordcompaniont00hall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFKaminskiSaladinoLefflerSchoenleber" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Kaminski, John P.; Saladino, Gaspare J.; Leffler, Richard; Schoenleber, Charles H. & Hogan, Margaret A. (บ.ก.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wisconsinhistory.org/ratification"><i>Documentary History of the Ratification of the Constitution, 1976-</i></a>. Vol. Published volumes 1–10, 13–23, forthcoming volumes 11–12, 24–29. Most recent volume: <i>The Documentary History of the Ratification of the Constitution, Vol. 23, Ratification by the States: New York, No. 5</i>. Madison: The State Historical Society of Wisconsin. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD/978-0-87020-439-5" title="พิเศษ:แหล่งหนังสือ/978-0-87020-439-5"><bdi>978-0-87020-439-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Documentary+History+of+the+Ratification+of+the+Constitution%2C+1976-&rft.place=Madison&rft.pub=The+State+Historical+Society+of+Wisconsin&rft.isbn=978-0-87020-439-5&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wisconsinhistory.org%2Fratification&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFKlos2004" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stanley_L._Klos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stanley L. Klos (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Klos, Stanley L.</a> (2004). <i>President Who? Forgotten Founders</i>. Pittsburgh, PA: Evisum. p. 261. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD/0-9752627-5-0" title="พิเศษ:แหล่งหนังสือ/0-9752627-5-0"><bdi>0-9752627-5-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=President+Who%3F+Forgotten+Founders&rft.place=Pittsburgh%2C+PA&rft.pages=261&rft.pub=Evisum&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-9752627-5-0&rft.aulast=Klos&rft.aufirst=Stanley+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFKurlandLerner1987" class="citation book cs1">Kurland, Philip B. & Lerner, Ralph, บ.ก. (1987). <span class="cs1-lock-registration" title="ต้องสมัครสมาชิกแบบฟรี"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/foundersconstitu0003unse"><i>The Founders' Constitution</i></a></span>. University of Chicago Press and the Liberty Fund. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD/0-86597-279-6" title="พิเศษ:แหล่งหนังสือ/0-86597-279-6"><bdi>0-86597-279-6</bdi></a>;</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Founders%27+Constitution&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press+and+the+Liberty+Fund&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=0-86597-279-6&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ffoundersconstitu0003unse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" class="Z3988"></span> The work consists of "extracts from the leading works of political theory, history, law, and constitutional argument on which the Framers and their contemporaries drew and which they themselves produced".</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFLevyKarstWest1992" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leonard_Levy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leonard Levy (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Levy, Leonard W.</a>; Karst, Kenneth L. & West, John G., บ.ก. (1992). <i>Encyclopedia of the American Constitution</i>. New York: Macmillan.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+the+American+Constitution&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Macmillan&rft.date=1992&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFMasonStephenson2004" class="citation book cs1">Mason, Alpheus Thomas & Stephenson, Donald Grier, บ.ก. (2004). <i>American Constitutional Law: Introductory Essays and Selected Cases</i> (14th ed.).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+Constitutional+Law%3A+Introductory+Essays+and+Selected+Cases&rft.edition=14th&rft.date=2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2#ข้อมูลแหล่งอ้างอิงที่ควรระบุ" title="วิกิพีเดีย:การอ้างอิงแหล่งที่มา"><span title="ต้องการรายละเอียดของแหล่งอ้างอิงเพิ่มเติม (August 2014)">ต้องการอ้างอิงเต็มรูปแบบ</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFMcDonald1985" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Forrest_McDonald&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Forrest McDonald (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">McDonald, Forrest</a> (1985). <span class="cs1-lock-registration" title="ต้องสมัครสมาชิกแบบฟรี"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/novusordosecloru0000mcdo"><i>Novus Ordo Seclorum: The Intellectual Origins of the Constitution</i></a></span>. Lawrence: University Press of Kansas. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A9:%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD/978-0-7006-0311-4" title="พิเศษ:แหล่งหนังสือ/978-0-7006-0311-4"><bdi>978-0-7006-0311-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Novus+Ordo+Seclorum%3A+The+Intellectual+Origins+of+the+Constitution&rft.place=Lawrence&rft.pub=University+Press+of+Kansas&rft.date=1985&rft.isbn=978-0-7006-0311-4&rft.aulast=McDonald&rft.aufirst=Forrest&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fnovusordosecloru0000mcdo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jed_S._Rakoff&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jed S. Rakoff (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Rakoff, Jed S.</a>, "The Last of His Kind" (review of John Paul Stevens, <i>The Making of a Justice: Reflections on My First 94 Years</i>, Little, Brown, 549 pp.), <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_New_York_Review_of_Books&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The New York Review of Books (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">The New York Review of Books</a></i>, vol. LXVI, no. 14 (26 September 2019), pp. 20, 22, 24. <a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Paul_Stevens&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="John Paul Stevens (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">John Paul Stevens</a>, "a throwback to the postwar liberal Republican [U.S. Supreme Court] appointees", questioned the validity of "the doctrine of <a href="/wiki/Sovereign_immunity" class="mw-redirect" title="Sovereign immunity">sovereign immunity</a>, which holds that you cannot sue any state or federal government agency, or any of its officers or employees, for any wrong they may have committed against you, unless the state or federal government consents to being sued" (p. 20); the propriety of "the increasing resistance of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=U.S._Supreme_Court&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="U.S. Supreme Court (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">U.S. Supreme Court</a> to most meaningful forms of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gun_control&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gun control (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">gun control</a>" (p. 22); and "the constitutionality of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Death_penalty&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Death penalty (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">death penalty</a><span class="nowrap"> </span>... because of incontrovertible evidence that innocent people have been sentenced to death." (pp. 22, 24.)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFRobertson2013" class="citation book cs1">Robertson, David Brian (2013). <i>The Original Compromise: What the Constitutional Framers Were Really Thinking</i>. New York: Oxford University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Original+Compromise%3A+What+the+Constitutional+Framers+Were+Really+Thinking&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.aulast=Robertson&rft.aufirst=David+Brian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFTribe1999" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Laurence_Tribe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Laurence Tribe (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">Tribe, Laurence H.</a> (1999). <i>American Constitutional Law</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+Constitutional+Law&rft.date=1999&rft.aulast=Tribe&rft.aufirst=Laurence+H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2#ข้อมูลแหล่งอ้างอิงที่ควรระบุ" title="วิกิพีเดีย:การอ้างอิงแหล่งที่มา"><span title="ต้องการรายละเอียดของแหล่งอ้างอิงเพิ่มเติม (August 2014)">ต้องการอ้างอิงเต็มรูปแบบ</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10205087"><cite id="CITEREFYale_Law_School" class="citation web cs1">Yale Law School. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://avalon.law.yale.edu/subject_menus/debcont.asp">"The Avalon Project: Notes on the Debates in the Federal Convention"</a>. <i>The Avalon Project</i>. Yale Law School<span class="reference-accessdate">. สืบค้นเมื่อ <span class="nowrap">May 8,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Avalon+Project&rft.atitle=The+Avalon+Project%3A+Notes+on+the+Debates+in+the+Federal+Convention&rft.au=Yale+Law+School&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Favalon.law.yale.edu%2Fsubject_menus%2Fdebcont.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fth.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="แหล่งข้อมูลอื่น"><span id=".E0.B9.81.E0.B8.AB.E0.B8.A5.E0.B9.88.E0.B8.87.E0.B8.82.E0.B9.89.E0.B8.AD.E0.B8.A1.E0.B8.B9.E0.B8.A5.E0.B8.AD.E0.B8.B7.E0.B9.88.E0.B8.99"></span>แหล่งข้อมูลอื่น</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90&action=edit&section=8" title="แก้ไขส่วน: แหล่งข้อมูลอื่น"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r10827797">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r10827805">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9259874">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none none;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{list-style:none;padding-left:0}</style> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <b>รัฐธรรมนูญสหรัฐ</b> ที่<a href="/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87" title="วิกิพีเดีย:โครงการพี่น้อง"><span id="sister-projects">โครงการพี่น้อง</span></a>ของวิกิพีเดีย</div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/United_States_Constitution" class="extiw" title="c:United States Constitution">ภาพและสื่อ</a>จากคอมมอนส์</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://th.wikiquote.org/wiki/United_States_Constitution" class="extiw" title="q:United States Constitution">คำคม</a>จากวิกิคำคม</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/26px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/39px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/51px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://th.wikisource.org/wiki/Constitution_of_the_United_States_of_America" class="extiw" title="s:Constitution of the United States of America">ข้อมูลต้นฉบับ</a>จากวิกิซอร์ซ</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/27px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/41px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/54px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://th.wikibooks.org/wiki/United_States_Government/The_Constitution_and_Amendments" class="extiw" title="b:United States Government/The Constitution and Amendments">หนังสือ</a>จากวิกิตำรา</span></li></ul></div></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="แหล่งข้อมูลของรัฐบาลสหรัฐ"><span id=".E0.B9.81.E0.B8.AB.E0.B8.A5.E0.B9.88.E0.B8.87.E0.B8.82.E0.B9.89.E0.B8.AD.E0.B8.A1.E0.B8.B9.E0.B8.A5.E0.B8.82.E0.B8.AD.E0.B8.87.E0.B8.A3.E0.B8.B1.E0.B8.90.E0.B8.9A.E0.B8.B2.E0.B8.A5.E0.B8.AA.E0.B8.AB.E0.B8.A3.E0.B8.B1.E0.B8.90"></span>แหล่งข้อมูลของรัฐบาลสหรัฐ</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90&action=edit&section=9" title="แก้ไขส่วน: แหล่งข้อมูลของรัฐบาลสหรัฐ"><span>แก้</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.congress.gov/constitution-annotated/">Analysis and Interpretation of the Constitution of the United States</a>: legal analysis and interpretation of the Constitution, based primarily on Supreme Court case law</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://guides.loc.gov/constitution">United States Constitution</a>: Library of Congress web guide to Constitution related primary documents and resources</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.archives.gov/exhibits/charters/charters.html">America's Founding Documents</a>: original text and articles exploring the Declaration of Independence, Constitution, and Bill of Rights</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.senate.gov/civics/constitution_item/constitution.htm">Constitution of the United States</a>: original text of each clause in the Constitution with an accompanying explanation of its meaning and how that meaning has changed over time</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.govinfo.gov/app/details/CDOC-110hdoc50/CDOC-110hdoc50">THE CONSTITUTION OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA As Amended</a> - govinfo.gov</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ไม่ใช่แหล่งข้อมูลของรัฐบาล"><span 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href="/wiki/%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="สารานุกรมบริตานิกา">สารานุกรมบริตานิกา</a></i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.launchknowledge.com/constitution/">Constitution: accessible text with index, web images of originals, and explanations of spelling and vocabulary</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080531072633/http://www.law.uchicago.edu/constitution">Audio reading</a> of the Constitution in <a href="/wiki/MP3" class="mw-redirect" title="MP3">MP3</a> format provided by the <a href="/w/index.php?title=University_of_Chicago_Law_School&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="University of Chicago Law School (ไม่มีหน้านี้)">University of Chicago Law School</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//uscon.mobi/">Mobile 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