Experimental Characterization of the Color Quality and Error Rate for an Red, Green, and Blue-Based Light Emission Diode-Fixture Used in Visible Light Communications

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Experimental Characterization of the Color Quality and Error Rate for an Red, Green, and Blue-Based Light Emission Diode-Fixture Used in Visible Light Communications</title> <meta name="description" content="Experimental Characterization of the Color Quality and Error Rate for an Red, Green, and Blue-Based Light Emission Diode-Fixture Used in Visible Light Communications"> <meta name="keywords" content="Color rendering index, symbol error rate, color shift keying, visible light communications."> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="citation_title" content="Experimental Characterization of the Color Quality and Error Rate for an Red, Green, and Blue-Based Light Emission Diode-Fixture Used in Visible Light Communications"> <meta name="citation_author" content="Juan F. Gutierrez"> <meta name="citation_author" content="Jesus M. Quintero"> <meta name="citation_author" content="Diego Sandoval"> <meta name="citation_publication_date" content="2023/10/17"> <meta name="citation_journal_title" content="International Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering"> <meta name="citation_volume" content="17"> <meta name="citation_issue" content="10"> <meta name="citation_firstpage" content="262"> <meta name="citation_lastpage" content="266"> <meta name="citation_pdf_url" content="https://publications.waset.org/10013310/pdf"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/committees" rel="nofollow">Committees</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownPublications" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Publications </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownPublications"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/page/support" title="Support">Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <main> <div class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value=""> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 33093</div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mt-3 mb-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem">Experimental Characterization of the Color Quality and Error Rate for an Red, Green, and Blue-Based Light Emission Diode-Fixture Used in Visible Light Communications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Juan%20F.%20Gutierrez">Juan F. Gutierrez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jesus%20M.%20Quintero"> Jesus M. Quintero</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Diego%20Sandoval"> Diego Sandoval</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>An important feature of Lighting Emitting Diodes (LED) technology is the fast on-off commutation. This fact allows data transmission using modulation formats such as On-Off Keying (OOK) and Color Shift Keying (CSK). Since, CSK based on three color bands uses red, green, and blue monochromatic LED (RGB-LED) to define a pattern of chromaticities; this type of CSK provides poor color quality on the illuminated area. In this work, we present the design and implementation of a VLC system using RGB-based CSK with 16, 8, and 4 color points, mixing with a steady baseline of a phosphor white-LED, to improve the color quality of the LED-Fixture. The experimental system was assessed in terms of the Symbol Error Rate (SER) and the Color Rendering Index (CRI). Good color quality performance of the LED-Fixture was obtained with an acceptable SER. We describe the laboratory setup used to characterize and calibrate an LED-Fixture. </p> <iframe src="https://publications.waset.org/10013310.pdf" style="width:100%; height:400px;" frameborder="0"></iframe> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Color%20rendering%20index" title="Color rendering index">Color rendering index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=symbol%20error%20rate" title=" symbol error rate"> symbol error rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=color%20shift%0D%0Akeying" title=" color shift keying"> color shift keying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=visible%20light%20communications." title=" visible light communications."> visible light communications.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013310/experimental-characterization-of-the-color-quality-and-error-rate-for-an-red-green-and-blue-based-light-emission-diode-fixture-used-in-visible-light-communications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013310/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013310/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013310/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013310/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013310/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013310/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013310/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013310/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013310/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013310/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10013310.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">173</span> </span> <p class="card-text"><strong>References:</strong></p> <br>[1] D. C. O’Brien, L. Zeng, H. Le-Minh, G. Faulkner, J. W. Walewski, and S. Randel, “Visible light communications: Challenges and possibilities,” in Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, 2008. PIMRC 2008. IEEE 19th International Symposium on. IEEE, 2008, pp. 1–5. <br>[2] S. Dimitrov and H. Haas, Principles of LED Light Communications: Towards Networked Li-Fi. Cambridge University Press, 2015. <br>[3] L. A. N. Man, S. Committee, and I. Computer, IEEE Standard for Local and metropolitan area networks - Wireless Body Area Networks, 2012, vol. 2018, no. February. <br>[4] S. Gao, Performance study for indoor visible light communication systems. University of Ottawa (Canada), 2013. <br>[5] E. Monteiro and S. Hranilovic, “Design and implementation of color-shift keying for visible light communications,” Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol. 32, no. 10, pp. 2053–2060, 2014. <br>[6] R. Singh, “Physical layer techniques for indoor wireless visible light communications,” Ph.D. dissertation, University of Sheffield, 2015. <br>[7] R. J. Drost and B. M. Sadler, “Constellation design for color-shift keying using billiards algorithms,” 2010 IEEE Globecom Workshops, GC’10, pp. 980–984, 2010. <br>[8] B. Bai, Q. He, Z. Xu, and Y. Fan, “The color shift key modulation with non-uniform signaling for visible light communication,” 2012 1st IEEE International Conference on Communications in China Workshops, ICCC 2012, pp. 37–42, 2012. <br>[9] R. Singh, T. O’Farrell, and J. P. David, “An enhanced color shift keying modulation scheme for high-speed wireless visible light communications,” Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol. 32, no. 14, pp. 2582–2592, 2014. <br>[10] H. Chen, X. Z. Lai, P. Chen, Y. T. Liu, M. Y. Yu, Z. H. Liu, and Z. J. Zhu, “Quadrichromatic LED based mobile phone camera visible light communication,” Optics Express, vol. 26, no. 13, p. 17132, 2018. <br>[11] X. Liang, M. Yuan, J. Wang, Z. Ding, M. Jiang, and C. Zhao, “Constellation Design Enhancement for Color-Shift Keying Modulation of Quadrichromatic LEDs in Visible Light Communications,” Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol. 35, no. 17, pp. 3650–3663, 2017. <br>[12] N. Murata, Y. Kozawa, and Y. Umeda, “Digital Color Shift Keying with Multicolor LED Array,” IEEE Photonics Journal, vol. 8, no. 4, 2016. <br>[13] D. U. Campos-Delgado, J. Luna-Rivera, R. Perez-Jimenez, C. A. Guti´errez, V. Guerra, and J. Rabad´an, “Constellation design for color space-based modulation in visible light communications,” Physical Communication, vol. 31, pp. 154–159, 2018. <br>[14] R. A. Mart´ınez-Ciro, F. E. L´opez-Giraldo, A. F. Betancur-Perez, and J. M. Luna-Rivera, “Design and implementation of a multi-colour visible light communication system based on a light-to-frequency receiver,” Photonics, vol. 6, no. 2, 2019. </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); });*/ jQuery.get({ url: "https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", cache: false }).then(function(response){ jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); }); }); </script> </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

Experimental Characterization of the Color Quality and Error Rate for an Red, Green, and Blue-Based Light Emission Diode-Fixture Used in Visible Light Communications