CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML+RDFa 1.0//EN" "http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/DTD/xhtml-rdfa-1.dtd"> <html lang="en" dir="ltr" xmlns:fb="https://ogp.me/ns/fb#" xmlns:og="https://ogp.me/ns#"> <head profile="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml/vocab"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://www.sil.org/sites/default/files/sil-favicon_0.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" /> <meta name="description" content="Literacy is a social practice that facilitates life-long learning, communication in multiple mediums, active participation in wider society, and personal flourishing. It includes the ability to decode, understand, interpret and critically engage with written text and to express oneself in writing in the language(s) one uses. SIL works with local communities, government and" /> <meta name="generator" content="Drupal 7 (https://www.drupal.org)" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.sil.org/literacy-education" /> <link rel="shortlink" href="https://www.sil.org/node/259" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="SIL Global" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.sil.org/literacy-education" /> <meta property="og:title" content="LITERACY and EDUCATION" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Literacy is a social practice that facilitates life-long learning, communication in multiple mediums, active participation in wider society, and personal flourishing. It includes the ability to decode, understand, interpret and critically engage with written text and to express oneself in writing in the language(s) one uses. SIL works with local communities, government and non-government agencies and national institutions to establish mother tongue-based literacy and multilingual education programs for children, youth and adults who speak non-dominant languages." /> <meta property="og:updated_time" content="2024-11-01T13:25:17-05:00" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary" /> <meta name="twitter:url" content="https://www.sil.org/literacy-education" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="LITERACY and EDUCATION" /> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Literacy is a social practice that facilitates life-long learning, communication in multiple mediums, active participation in wider society, and personal flourishing. It includes the ability to" /> <meta property="article:published_time" content="2012-06-04T13:45:19-05:00" /> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2024-11-01T13:25:17-05:00" /> <title>Home | SIL Global</title> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.sil.org/sites/default/files/css/css_lQaZfjVpwP_oGNqdtWCSpJT1EMqXdMiU84ekLLxQnc4.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.sil.org/sites/default/files/css/css_EM9PzeHZt2AxxQ3R05nXINg9akBOG66G3hxOgWtlp2E.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.sil.org/sites/default/files/css/css_y-6OGvqwgwpR259lzJYNwvxpJm3Q1qOD_DWt90goRpM.css" media="all" /> <style>.panels-flexible-new .panels-flexible-region { padding: 0; } .panels-flexible-new .panels-flexible-region-inside { padding-right: 0.5em; padding-left: 0.5em; } .panels-flexible-new .panels-flexible-region-inside-first { padding-left: 0; } .panels-flexible-new .panels-flexible-region-inside-last { padding-right: 0; } .panels-flexible-new .panels-flexible-column { padding: 0; } .panels-flexible-new .panels-flexible-column-inside { padding-right: 0.5em; padding-left: 0.5em; } .panels-flexible-new .panels-flexible-column-inside-first { padding-left: 0; } .panels-flexible-new .panels-flexible-column-inside-last { padding-right: 0; } .panels-flexible-new .panels-flexible-row { padding: 0 0 0.5em 0; margin: 0; } .panels-flexible-new .panels-flexible-row-last { padding-bottom: 0; } .panels-flexible-column-new-main { float: left; width: 99.0000%; } .panels-flexible-new-inside { padding-right: 0px; } .panels-flexible-new { width: auto; } .panels-flexible-region-new-column_1 { float: left; width: 24.7329%; } .panels-flexible-region-new-column_2 { float: left; width: 24.7131%; } .panels-flexible-region-new-column_3 { float: left; width: 24.7712%; } .panels-flexible-region-new-column_4 { float: left; width: 24.7829%; } .panels-flexible-row-new-main-row-inside { padding-right: 0px; } .panels-flexible-region-new-trust_and_social_icons { float: left; width: 99.0000%; } .panels-flexible-row-new-2-inside { padding-right: 0px; } .page-hero{background-image:url(https://www.sil.org/sites/default/files/20180814ugandal487_marc_ewellboy_reading_in_class_b.jpg);height:50vh;min-height:350px;} .parallax-bottom-active #highlighted-bottom{background-image:url(https://www.sil.org/sites/default/files/theme/parallax/canpain_image.jpeg) !important} </style>  <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="//maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/font-awesome/4.7.0/css/font-awesome.min.css" media="all" /> <style>#highlighted-middle{position:relative !important;} </style> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.sil.org/sites/default/files/css/css_EhKKHcU3eXWscgImOiOmkZTkUJSr3SrY88xkZcWjc0o.css" media="all" /> <link type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.sil.org/sites/default/files/css/css_XfmdLWG0kCq2PV9SCEGBSKtMD9NrBuhDSyStJknjr-0.css" media="all" />   <script src="https://www.sil.org/sites/default/files/js/js_V5lP_0SZNBHRj2DzOtsb79Wy57mt73KasmtP5wbb8vc.js"></script> <script src="https://www.sil.org/sites/default/files/js/js_DdXIKt68jGany_F78Mxy_6Rv5aLF94bA6_npMbGnkV4.js"></script> <script>document.createElement( "picture" );</script> <script src="https://www.sil.org/sites/default/files/js/js_GOikDsJOX04Aww72M-XK1hkq4qiL_1XgGsRdkL0XlDo.js"></script> <script src="https://www.sil.org/sites/default/files/js/js_WwwX68M9x5gJGdauMeCoSQxOzb1Ebju-30k5FFWQeH0.js"></script> <script src="https://www.sil.org/sites/default/files/js/js_dUZrV47uHCW1KAkDxDA5V_w3L1YOQ88P2djNbTaNpy8.js"></script> <script src="https://www.sil.org/sites/default/files/js/js_fqmWu4QRZZhJm6yfVviOLhWB28O0w0yZaudDdfklRVU.js"></script> <script>jQuery(document).ready(function($) { $(window).load(function() { $("#highlighted-bottom-transparent-bg").css("backgroundColor", "rgba(0,0,0,0.5)"); }); });</script> <script src="https://www.sil.org/sites/default/files/js/js_94IxgeUwmEgixrLYNaYkkDirO2HX9f7X4hHe5HF31lg.js"></script> <script>jQuery.extend(Drupal.settings, {"basePath":"\/","pathPrefix":"","setHasJsCookie":0,"ajaxPageState":{"theme":"sil_bootstrap","theme_token":"njY-P0BSw5pooJYIw5uJ_WNt5cA4xP9KTfhseMxBQ6I","js":{"sites\/all\/modules\/picture\/picturefill\/picturefill.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/picture\/picture.min.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/addthis\/addthis.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/bootstrap\/js\/bootstrap.js":1,"https:\/\/www.sil.org\/sites\/default\/files\/google_tag\/silorg_analytics\/google_tag.script.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/jquery_update\/replace\/jquery\/2.2\/jquery.min.js":1,"0":1,"misc\/jquery-extend-3.4.0.js":1,"misc\/jquery-html-prefilter-3.5.0-backport.js":1,"misc\/jquery.once.js":1,"misc\/drupal.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/jquery_update\/js\/jquery_browser.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/jquery_update\/replace\/ui\/external\/jquery.cookie.js":1,"misc\/form-single-submit.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/collapsiblock\/collapsiblock.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/entityreference\/js\/entityreference.js":1,"profiles\/openenterprise\/modules\/caption_filter\/js\/caption-filter.js":1,"sites\/all\/libraries\/colorbox\/jquery.colorbox-min.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/colorbox\/js\/colorbox.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/colorbox\/styles\/default\/colorbox_style.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/colorbox\/js\/colorbox_load.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/colorbox\/js\/colorbox_inline.js":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/extlink\/js\/extlink.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/sil_bootstrap\/js\/jquery.hoverIntent.js":1,"1":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/sil_bootstrap\/js\/sil_bootstrap.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/sil_bootstrap\/js\/fading-text-expand.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/sil_bootstrap\/bootstrap\/js\/affix.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/sil_bootstrap\/bootstrap\/js\/alert.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/sil_bootstrap\/bootstrap\/js\/carousel.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/sil_bootstrap\/bootstrap\/js\/collapse.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/sil_bootstrap\/bootstrap\/js\/modal.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/sil_bootstrap\/bootstrap\/js\/tab.js":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/sil_bootstrap\/bootstrap\/js\/transition.js":1},"css":{"modules\/system\/system.base.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/collapsiblock\/collapsiblock.css":1,"modules\/field\/theme\/field.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/logintoboggan\/logintoboggan.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/luxe\/css\/luxe.css":1,"modules\/node\/node.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/picture\/picture_wysiwyg.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/video_filter\/video_filter.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/youtube\/css\/youtube.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/extlink\/css\/extlink.css":1,"profiles\/openenterprise\/modules\/views\/css\/views.css":1,"profiles\/openenterprise\/wysiwyg_align.css":1,"profiles\/openenterprise\/modules\/caption_filter\/caption-filter.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/ckeditor\/css\/ckeditor.css":1,"sites\/all\/modules\/colorbox\/styles\/default\/colorbox_style.css":1,"profiles\/openenterprise\/modules\/ctools\/css\/ctools.css":1,"public:\/\/css\/menu_icons.css":1,"profiles\/openenterprise\/modules\/panels\/css\/panels.css":1,"profiles\/openenterprise\/modules\/panels\/plugins\/layouts\/flexible\/flexible.css":1,"0":1,"1":1,"2":1,"public:\/\/ctools\/css\/d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e.css":1,"\/\/maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com\/font-awesome\/4.7.0\/css\/font-awesome.min.css":1,"3":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/sil_bootstrap\/less\/sil_bootstrap.less":1,"sites\/all\/themes\/sil\/css\/context\/sub.css":1}},"collapsiblock":{"blocks":{"block-facetapi-sxczqu17k3p1teuubjnzgdpqcnjnvkot":"3","block-facetapi-bra7ew9xadjw3m0riibw59j9pzxofudd":"3","block-facetapi-qx8ea7ys3pbsu8hf9fvoduh8ehucxktr":"3","block-facetapi-lidxk4vqk7iu2dd1c112upiwmjo73xeg":"3","block-facetapi-is99jk8huqzsmdvfga0xv0xpj4t31qhf":"3","block-facetapi-pbobkettfcf1arhrcusbffs1m0zxlcd3":"3","block-facetapi-u1jlxckimb9sz4ld4ejcjf2sl9dxdwbk":"3","block-facetapi-5j1iqqy6ksitjoqym3gtackhqi22eauc":"3","block-facetapi-9yjxt7gg9p4o2yr2kjgc5b20gcckkfd0":"1","block-facetapi-uuiiuegqk08vxmdbrw8l8fi6byb9vmuy":"3","block-facetapi-1gbh2egrtauxgcnsvxkpau1l5ms3chng":"3","block-facetapi-280mtggtdtk5saa7obt8j7yvpfz9cvpu":"3","block-views--exp-resources-search-page-1":"1","block-current-search-standard":"1","block-facetapi-kyxhllbmnzmolrmqhmirlekgb9raaw6o":"1","block-facetapi-dxt6otypw8r6dhr924d0gj3mr934faqb":"1","block-blockgroup-sidebar-second-facets":"1","block-menu-block-17":"1","block-block-30":"1","block-views-ff9987dc08ee4a50295571c81f6f3da6":"1","block-menu-block-6":"1","block-menu-block-20":"1","block-menu-block-22":"1","block-block-28":"1","block-views-language-file-displays-block-3":"1","block-views-language-file-displays-block-4":"1","block-sil-search-sil-search-facets":"1","block-menu-block-9":"1","block-menu-block-21":"1","block-block-16":"1","block-block-14":"1","block-block-13":"1","block-block-31":"1","block-menu-block-15":"1","block-menu-block-10":"1","block-menu-block-11":"1","block-menu-block-13":"1","block-menu-block-12":"1","block-menu-block-8":"1","block-menu-block-14":"1","block-sil-search-sil-search-all-form":"1","block-bean-lca-teaser":"1","block-block-18":"1","block-views-jot-block-1":"1","block-menu-block-7":"1","block-views-jot-block-2":"1","block-ds-extras-sidebar":"1","block-block-32":"1","block-bean-front-page-block-1":"1","block-bean-front-page-block-2":"1","block-views-jot-block-3":"1","block-views-annual-reports-block-1":"1","block-sil-search-sil-search-browse-secondary":"1","block-sil-search-sil-search-browse-primary":"1","block-bean-language-and-culture":"1","block-bean-training-primary":"1","block-block-15":"1","block-block-5":"1","block-bean-software---sil-freeware":"1","block-block-33":"1","block-bean-software---program-recommendatio":"1","block-bean-scriptsource-block":"1","block-bean-scripts---browse-sil-script-reso":"1","block-bean-scripts---non-roman-script-initi":"2","block-block-35":"1","block-blockgroup-resources-bottom-block":"1","block-menu-block-4":"4","block-menu-block-3":"1","block-menu-block-24":"1","block-menu-block-2":"1","block-block-29":"1","block-block-34":"1","block-bean-software-product-block-1":"1","block-bean-software-product-block-2":"1","block-bean-software-product-block-3":"1","block-bean-software-product-block-4":"1","block-block-36":"1","block-bean-script-product-1":"1","block-bean-script-product-3":"1","block-bean-script-product-2":"1","block-bean-script-product-4-0":"1","block-bean-script-product-4":"1","block-bean-software-product-5":"1","block-facetapi-wjbh20fd82myvwxac1r4guvydxj40vll":"1","block-bean-font-block-1":"1","block-bean-font-block-2":"1","block-bean-font-block-3":"1","block-bean-font-block-4":"1","block-block-10":"1","block-block-37":"4","block-bean-training---highlights":"1","block-bean-lang-and-culture-resources":"1","block-menu-block-25":"1","block-menu-block-26":"1","block-block-6":"1","block-block-7":"1","block-block-8":"1","block-block-38":"1","block-block-12":"1","block-menu-menu-william-cameron-townsend":"1","block-menu-block-27":"1","block-block-39":"1","block-block-40":"1","block-block-11":"1","block-views-3a4d02d24e8d6ffc97701c027d522620":"1","block-views-3e6ac3c137e0004763fc426b70b1c7c6":"2","block-views-6951f455d6514a6a2e72d9b0dd02ac1e":"2","block-current-search-software-fonts-current-search":"1","block-facetapi-71mscsnhjsil81pavu2tn4mqe0wiydaf":"1","block-facetapi-jalsiyv6p64ukwvzpqlzb4pwahbrlsd1":"1","block-views-software-fonts-sidebar-block-1":"1","block-views-software-fonts-sidebar-block-3":"1","block-views-software-fonts-sidebar-block-2":"1","block-bean-software-and-fonts-banner":"1","block-ds-extras-related-software-fonts-block":"1","block-block-41":"1","block-sil-expertise-create-links":"1","block-bean-front-page-block-3":"1","block-facetapi-0":"1","block-facetapi-h31pi1pdxwgy3jaehhq6ntzgyvcbsw7h":"1","block-block-42":"1","block-block-46":"1","block-bean-sil-logo-kit-2014":"1","block-block-91":"1","block-facetapi-1dmq15yfejjdfj9denvsuibvgitrf3gq":"1","block-facetapi-dxiuj9brkgald0v4jzwyga1n8kn4s1eo":"1","block-menu-menu-social":"1","block-system-user-menu":"1","block-search-form":"1","block-menu-menu-legal-notices":"1","block-views-enterprise-news-recent-news":"1","block-sil-expertise-amazon-recommends":"1","block-block-121":"1","block-block-101":"1","block-block-106":"1","block-block-111":"1","block-block-126":"1","block-block-131":"1","block-block-141":"1","block-block-136":"1","block-block-146":"1","block-block-151":"1","block-block-161":"1","block-block-116":"1","block-block-156":"1","block-block-166":"1","block-menu-block-16":"1","block-facetapi-attrraeqpdaka4vfnmehalrgw0aa621r":"1","block-block-96":"1","block-block-66":"1","block-block-56":"1","block-block-76":"1","block-block-86":"1","block-block-71":"1","block-block-176":"1","block-block-181":"1","block-webform-client-block-145376":"1","block-views-oe-rotating-banner-block":"1","block-views-oe-rotating-banner-block-1":"1","block-menu-block-36":"1","block-menu-block-35":"1","block-menu-block-28":"1","block-menu-block-29":"1","block-menu-block-30":"1","block-menu-block-31":"1","block-menu-block-32":"1","block-menu-block-33":"1","block-menu-block-34":"1","block-sil-search-sil-search-browse-pub-landings":"1","block-sil-search-sil-search-browse-pub-home":"1","block-block-61":"1","block-block-51":"1","block-block-201":"1","block-block-186":"1","block-sil-search-sil-search-corresponding-section":"1","block-views-766748665522ec876fc6bec2a1464845":"1","block-views-9e625007999567ef71abf02717756ff6":"1","block-block-206":"1","block-block-211":"1","block-views-covid19-resources-block-sm":"1","block-views-covid19-resources-block-xl-md":"1","block-views-covid19-resources-block-xs":"1","block-block-216":"1","block-views-e9294bace58d24eb786a4b09a4d94fd1":"1","block-views-covid19-fund-impact-block-sm":"1","block-views-covid19-fund-impact-block-xl-md":"1","block-views-covid19-fund-impact-block-xs":"1","block-block-221":"1","block-block-231":"1","block-menu-menu-trust":"1","block-facetapi-appir9yyhglhxtsdoyrn1rxfjdu8t1xg":"3","block-facetapi-syjnvw1l7fkooe2hohki4dkdi07wmo4d":"1","block-block-236":"1","block-block-251":"1","block-views-board-of-directors-block-xs":"1","block-views-board-of-directors-block-xl-md":"1","block-views-board-of-directors-block-sm":"1","block-views-83a2c699ba8afdf28410cdb07fb976fe":"1","block-views-eef78efd51713dffc7ee0d0d1d563c6b":"1","block-views-07997a2abec496bd5c345de538b6eecb":"1","block-views-our-work-resources-block-sm":"1","block-views-our-work-resources-block-xl-md":"1","block-views-our-work-resources-block-xs":"1","block-views-cca898ab845004dd2c4b39249f59eba6":"1","block-views-f30cdcc7e48cd8d62beb3452ab3b4897":"1","block-views-f079dc227e932cbfe8c69703b8ac926f":"1","block-blockgroup-legal-footer":"1","block-menu-block-44":"1","block-menu-block-5":"1","block-block-296":"1","block-block-291":"1","block-block-316":"1","block-views-fe0ad2c61bc1bfb6e7b8e29b0f28d5d0":"1","block-views-annual-reports-block-year":"1","block-block-286":"1","block-views-enterprise-news-block-year":"1","block-views-e2b4e0d696e92c834bc993fa2934cf95":"1","block-views-enterprise-news-block-1":"1","block-menu-block-41":"1","block-views-f77c684fada6abd57c177541f9bbd169":"1","block-views-jclsr-recent-block-recent-jclsr":"1","block-views-publications-jclsr-block":"1","block-views-jclsr-block":"1","block-views-epubs-block-sm":"1","block-views-epubs-block-xs":"1","block-views-epubs-block-xl-md":"1","block-views-projects-for-funding-block-sm":"1","block-views-12c2e95fcae35a90095bb09eccaea82d":"1","block-views-projects-for-funding-block-xs":"1","block-block-326":"1","block-block-261":"1","block-block-19":"1","block-block-271":"1","block-block-331":"1","block-views-scripture-engagement-block-sm":"1","block-views-0c7816c1bc1df1fb295b97dbd14c8c85":"1","block-views-scripture-engagement-block-xs":"1","block-block-196":"1","block-views-afe4393348b4681305d0db54ff30958e":"1","block-views-461099af594ee1f0a580d3d4bc34de73":"1","block-views-engagement-block-sm":"1","block-views-engagement-block-xl-md":"1","block-views-engagement-block-xs":"1","block-views-engagement-recent-sm-xs":"1","block-views-engagement-recent-xl-md":"1","block-block-281":"1","block-block-306":"1"},"default_state":1,"slide_type":1,"slide_speed":200,"block_title":":header:first","block":"div.block","block_content":"div.content"},"colorbox":{"opacity":"0.85","current":"{current} of {total}","previous":"\u00ab Prev","next":"Next \u00bb","close":"Close","maxWidth":"98%","maxHeight":"98%","fixed":true,"mobiledetect":true,"mobiledevicewidth":"480px","file_public_path":"\/sites\/default\/files","specificPagesDefaultValue":"admin*\nimagebrowser*\nimg_assist*\nimce*\nnode\/add\/*\nnode\/*\/edit\nprint\/*\nprintpdf\/*\nsystem\/ajax\nsystem\/ajax\/*"},"video_filter":{"url":{"ckeditor":"\/video_filter\/dashboard\/ckeditor"},"instructions_url":"\/video_filter\/instructions","modulepath":"sites\/all\/modules\/video_filter"},"better_exposed_filters":{"views":{"hero_image_page_title":{"displays":{"block":{"filters":[]}}},"expertise_articles":{"displays":{"block":{"filters":[]}}},"expertise_publications":{"displays":{"block":{"filters":[]}}}}},"picture":{"required":true,"mappings":[["small","small"],["large","large"],["medium","medium"],["Not Set","not_set"]],"label":"Image size (required) (required)","ckeditorDefaultMapping":"not_set","editorCSS":" [data-picture-mapping=\u0022small\u0022] { width: 150px; height: 75px;}\n [data-picture-mapping=\u0022large\u0022] { width: 900px; height: 450px;}\n [data-picture-mapping=\u0022medium\u0022] { width: 400px; height: 200px;}"},"urlIsAjaxTrusted":{"\/search\/node":true},"extlink":{"extTarget":"_blank","extClass":0,"extLabel":"(link is external)","extImgClass":0,"extIconPlacement":"append","extSubdomains":0,"extExclude":"^(http:\\\/\\\/|https:\\\/\\\/)(www\\.)?sil\\.org(\\\/)?","extInclude":"","extCssExclude":"","extCssExplicit":"","extAlert":0,"extAlertText":"This link will take you to an external web site. We are not responsible for their content.","mailtoClass":0,"mailtoLabel":"(link sends e-mail)","extUseFontAwesome":false},"ogContext":{"groupType":"node","gid":"259"},"bootstrap":{"anchorsFix":"0","anchorsSmoothScrolling":"0","formHasError":1,"popoverEnabled":1,"popoverOptions":{"animation":1,"html":0,"placement":"right","selector":"","trigger":"click","triggerAutoclose":1,"title":"","content":"","delay":0,"container":"body"},"tooltipEnabled":1,"tooltipOptions":{"animation":1,"html":0,"placement":"auto left","selector":"","trigger":"hover focus","delay":0,"container":"body"}}});</script>    </head> <body class="html not-front not-logged-in one-sidebar sidebar-second page-node page-node- page-node-259 node-type-expertise og-context og-context-node og-context-node-259 i18n-en parallax-bottom-active" > <div id="skip-link"> <a href="#main-content" class="element-invisible element-focusable">Skip to main content</a> </div> <div class="region region-page-top"> <noscript aria-hidden="true"><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-W4536JL" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> </div> <div class="page-hero "> <div class="navbar-wrapper"> <div class="container"> <header id="navbar" role="banner" class="navbar container navbar-default"> <div class="container"> <div class="navbar-header"> <a class="logo navbar-btn pull-left" href="/" title="Home"> <img src="https://www.sil.org/sites/default/files/sil_logo_glyph.png" alt="Home"/> </a>  <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle btn btn-navbar" data-toggle="collapse" data-target=".navbar-collapse"> <span class="sr-only">Toggle navigation</span> <span class="icon glyphicon glyphicon-menu-hamburger" aria-hidden="true"></span> </button> </div> <div class="navbar-menu menus navbar-collapse collapse"> <nav role="navigation" class="menu-inner"> <div class="nav-top"> <ul class="menu nav navbar-nav secondary"><li class="first leaf"><a href="/contact" id="usernav-contact">Contact Us</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/user/login" id="usernav-signin">Sign In</a></li> <li class="last leaf search"><a class="nolink" tabindex="0"><i class="fa fa-search" aria-hidden="true"></i><span class="title">Search</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="search-box"> <form class="search-form clearfix" action="/search/node" method="post" id="search-form" accept-charset="UTF-8"><div><div class="form-wrapper form-group" id="edit-basic"><div class="input-group"><input placeholder="Search" class="form-control form-text" type="text" id="edit-keys" name="keys" value="" size="40" maxlength="255" /><span class="input-group-btn"><button type="submit" class="btn btn-default"><span class="icon glyphicon glyphicon-search icon glyphicon-search" aria-hidden="true"></span></button></span></div><button class="element-invisible btn btn-primary form-submit" type="submit" id="edit-submit" name="op" value="Search">Search</button> </div><input type="hidden" name="form_build_id" value="form-up3-92eM7f8VAhj6beu_mlrTgVWua362hNWqCvXkQb8" /> <input type="hidden" name="form_id" value="search_form" /> </div></form> </div> </div> <div class="nav-bottom"> <div class="mega"><ul class="menu nav navbar-nav"><li class="first expanded active-trail active dropdown"><a href="/language-services" class="active-trail active-trail dropdown-toggle" data-target="#" data-hover="dropdown">Language Services <span class="icon glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-down hidden-xs hidden-sm"></span></a><span class="btn icon glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-right visible-xs-inline visible-sm-inline"></span><ul class="dropdown-menu"><li><div class="mega-content"><div class="row"><ul class="col-md-3 list-unstyled"><li class="first expanded active-trail active"><span><strong><a href="/language-development" id="mainnav-languagedev" class="active-trail active-trail">Language Development</a></strong></span><hr/></li> <li class="first leaf"><a href="/dictionaries-lexicography" id="mainnav-dictionarieslex">Dictionaries & Lexicography</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/language-assessment" id="mainnav-languageassess">Language Assessment</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/language-programs-management" id="mainnav-languageprograms">Language Programs Management</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/language-technology" id="mainnav-languagetech">Language Technology</a></li> <li class="expanded active-trail active active"><a href="/literacy-education" id="mainnav-literacyed" class="active-trail active-trail active">Literacy & Education</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/media-development" id="mainnav-mediadev">Media Development</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/orthography">Orthography</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="/translation" id="mainnav-translation">Translation</a></li> </ul><ul class="col-md-3 list-unstyled"><li class="expanded"><span><strong><a href="/langculture" id="mainnav-languagecul">Language & Culture</a></strong></span><hr/></li> <li class="first leaf"><a href="/anthropology" id="mainnav-anthropology">Anthropology</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/arts-ethnomusicology" id="mainnav-artsethno">Arts & Ethnomusicology</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="https://sites.google.com/sil.org/global-diaspora-services" target="_blank">Diaspora Services</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/language-culture-documentation" id="mainnav-languageculdoc">Language & Culture Documentation</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/language-culture-learning" id="mainnav-languagecullearn">Language & Culture Learning</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/linguistics" id="mainnav-linguistics">Linguistics</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/sign-languages" id="mainnav-signlanguages">Sign Languages</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="/sociolinguistics" id="mainnav-sociolinguistics">Sociolinguistics</a></li> </ul><ul class="col-md-3 list-unstyled"><li class="expanded"><span><strong><a href="/resources" id="mainnav-resources">Resources</a></strong></span><hr/></li> <li class="first leaf"><a href="/guide-planning-future-our-language">A Guide for Planning the Future of Our Language</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/english-with-newcomers" class="langdev">English with Newcomers</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/glossaries-linguistic-terms" id="mainnav-lingglossaries" class="glossaries">Glossaries of Linguistic Terms</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/language-culture-archives" id="mainnav-languagearchives" class="langcult">Language & Culture Archives</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/resources/publications" id="mainnav-publications" class="public">SIL International Publications</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="http://software.sil.org/products/" id="mainnav-softwarefonts" class="software" target="_blank">Software & Fonts</a></li> </ul><ul class="col-md-3 list-unstyled"><li class="last expanded"><span><strong><a href="/training" id="mainnav-training">Training</a></strong></span><hr/></li> <li class="first leaf"><a href="/training/about-sil-training" id="mainnav-abouttraining">About Training</a></li> <li class="collapsed"><a href="/training/specialties" id="mainnav-trainingforspecialists">For Specialties</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="https://www.sil.org/training/hub">Online Training</a></li> <li class="last collapsed"><a href="/training/training-programs-language-development" id="mainnav-trainingprograms">Programs</a></li> </ul></div></div></li></ul></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/blog">Blog</a></li> <li class="expanded dropdown"><a href="/about/discover" data-target="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-hover="dropdown">Our Work <span class="icon glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-down hidden-xs hidden-sm"></span></a><span class="btn icon glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-right visible-xs-inline visible-sm-inline"></span><ul class="dropdown-menu"><li class="first leaf"><a href="/about/discover">Discover SIL</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/worldwide">Worldwide</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/related-sites">Related Sites</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/careers" target="_blank">Careers</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="https://www.sil.org/health">Health Initiative</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/idil">IDIL</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="/trauma-healing">Trauma Healing</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded dropdown"><a href="/why-languages-matter" data-target="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-hover="dropdown">Why Languages Matter <span class="icon glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-down hidden-xs hidden-sm"></span></a><span class="btn icon glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-right visible-xs-inline visible-sm-inline"></span><ul class="dropdown-menu"><li class="first leaf"><a href="/about/why-languages-matter">Language & Flourishing</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/sign-languages">Sign Languages</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="/about/endangered-languages">Endangered Languages</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded dropdown"><a href="/about" id="mainnav-about" data-target="#" class="dropdown-toggle" data-hover="dropdown">About SIL <span class="icon glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-down hidden-xs hidden-sm"></span></a><span class="btn icon glyphicon glyphicon-chevron-right visible-xs-inline visible-sm-inline"></span><ul class="dropdown-menu"><li class="first leaf"><a href="/about/history" id="mainnav-history">Our History</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/leaders">Our Leaders</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/about/financial-information" id="mainnav-financialinfo">Financial Accountability</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/about/media" id="mainnav-mediacenter">Media Center</a></li> <li class="leaf"><a href="/about/reports/2023">Annual Report</a></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="/about/news">News</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="last leaf"><a href="/give" class="btn btn-default donate">Donate</a></li> </ul></div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </header> </div> </div> <div class="container"> <div class="region region-hero"> <section id="block-views-hero-image-page-title-block" class="block block-views clearfix"> <div class="view view-hero-image-page-title view-id-hero_image_page_title view-display-id-block view-dom-id-32c319fde8baef1a83938a0fc09d3591"> <div class="view-content"> <div class="views-row views-row-1 views-row-odd views-row-first views-row-last"> <div class="views-field views-field-title"> <h2 class="field-content">LITERACY and EDUCATION</h2> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> <div class="page-bar"> <div class="col-md-12"> <div class="region region-navigation"> <section id="block-menu-block-3" class="block block-menu-block clearfix"> </section> </div> </div> </div> <div class="main-container container"> <div class="row"> <section class="col-md-8 main-content-column"> <div id="page-title"> </div> <a id="main-content"></a> <div class="region region-content"> <section id="block-system-main" class="block block-system clearfix"> <div class="ds-1col node node-expertise view-mode-full clearfix"> <div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden"><div class="field-items"><div class="field-item even"><header> <h5><em>Literacy is a social practice that facilitates life-long learning, communication in multiple mediums, active participation in wider society, and personal flourishing. It includes the ability to decode, understand, interpret and critically engage with written text and to express oneself in writing in the language(s) one uses.</em></h5> </header> <p>SIL works with local communities, government and non-government agencies and national institutions to establish mother tongue-based literacy and multilingual聽education programs for children, youth and adults who speak non-dominant languages.</p> <p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 1.2em; margin-left: 0px;">Members of non-dominant language communities are frequently marginalized socially, politically, economically and educationally.聽SIL members encourage and support sustainable, community-centered literacy and education programs that enable speakers of non-dominant languages to achieve their educational goals using a language (or languages) they speak and understand.聽</p> <p>See <a href="/literacy-and-education/what-we-do-0" target="_self">What We Do</a> for more information on the work of SIL in Literacy and Education</p> <h2>聽</h2> <h2>New Resource (2023)</h2> <p><a class="btn btn-default" href="https://www.sil.org/literacy-education/good-answers-tough-questions-l1-based-multilingual-education-volume-2">Good Answers to Tough Questions Vol 2</a></p> </div></div></div></div> </section> </div> </section> <aside class="col-md-3 sidebar-second-wrapper" role="complementary"> <div class="region region-sidebar-second"> <section id="block-menu-block-4" class="block block-menu-block clearfix"> <div class="menu-block-wrapper menu-block-4 menu-name-menu-expertise parent-mlid-0 menu-level-3"> <ul class="menu nav"><li class="first expanded active-trail active menu-mlid-3537 active active"><a href="/literacy-education" class="active-trail active">Literacy & Education</a><ul><li class="first last expanded menu-mlid-5008"><a href="/literacy-and-education/what-we-do">What We Do</a><ul><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-6414"><a href="/literacy-and-education/mother-tongue-based-multilingual-education-programs">Mother Tongue-Based MLE Programs</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6001"><a href="/literacy-and-education/education-youth-and-adults">Education for Youth and Adults</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-5018"><a href="/literacy-and-education/awareness-raising-and-advocacy">Awareness & Advocacy</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-5016"><a href="/literacy-and-education/contributing-language-and-education-policy-development">Policy Development</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-5043"><a href="/literacy-and-education/preliminary-research">Preliminary Research</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-5019"><a href="/literacy-and-education/planning-literacy-and-education-programs">Program Planning</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-8421"><a href="/literacy-and-education/orthography-development">Orthography Development</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-5038"><a href="/literacy-and-education/training-capacity-building">Training</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-5039"><a href="/literacy-and-education/language-education">Language Education</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-5040"><a href="/literacy-and-education/curriculum-and-instruction-formal-and-non-formal-education">Curriculum & Instruction</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-5041"><a href="/literacy-and-education/developing-learning-and-reading-materials">Learning Materials</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-5042"><a href="/literacy-and-education/monitoring-and-evaluating-literacy-and-education-programs">Monitoring & Evaluation</a></li> </ul></li> </ul></li> <li class="expanded menu-mlid-2538"><a href="/literacy-and-education/resources-literacy-and-education">Resources for Literacy and Education</a><ul><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-47531"><a href="/literacy-education/mtb-mle-resource-kit-including-excluded">MTB MLE Resource Kit-Including the Excluded</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-14631"><a href="/literacy-education/resources-awareness-and-advocacy">Awareness & Advocacy</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-5045"><a href="/literacy-and-education/resources-preliminary-research">Preliminary Research</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-134561"><a href="/literacy-and-education/resources-multilingual-education-policy-development">Policy Development</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-5464"><a href="/literacy-and-education/resources-planning-literacy-and-education-programs">Program Planning</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-8416"><a href="/literacy-and-education/resources-developing-orthographies">Orthography Development</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-5346"><a href="/literacy-and-education/resources-language-education">Language Education</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-14836"><a href="/literacy-education/resources-developing-curriculum-and-teaching-materials">Curriculum & Instruction</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-7376"><a href="/literacy-education/resources-developing-learning-and-reading-materials">Learning & Reading Materials</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-6970"><a href="/literacy-education/resources-teacher-training" target="_blank">Teacher Training</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-5046"><a href="/literacy-and-education/resources-monitoring-and-evaluation-literacy-and-education-programs">Monitoring & Evaluation</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-2549"><a href="/literacy-education/links-other-resources">Links to Other Resources</a></li> </ul></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2539"><a href="/literacy-and-education/resources-sil-archives">SIL Publications</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-2540"><a href="/literacy-education/training-literacy-and-education-work">Training Opportunities</a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-3093"><a href="/literacy-and-education/stories-field">Stories from the Field</a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-2546"><a href="/literacy-and-education/contact-us">Contact</a></li> </ul></div> </section> </div> </aside>  </div> </div> <footer class="footer"> <div class="footer-top"> <div class="container"> <div class="region region-footer"> <section id="block-panels-mini-sil-bootstrap-footer-menu" class="block block-panels-mini clearfix"> <div class="panel-flexible panels-flexible-new clearfix" id="mini-panel-sil_bootstrap_footer_menu"> <div class="panel-flexible-inside panels-flexible-new-inside"> <div class="panels-flexible-row panels-flexible-row-new-main-row panels-flexible-row-first clearfix footer-links"> <div class="inside panels-flexible-row-inside panels-flexible-row-new-main-row-inside panels-flexible-row-inside-first clearfix"> <div class="panels-flexible-region panels-flexible-region-new-column_1 panels-flexible-region-first "> <div class="inside panels-flexible-region-inside panels-flexible-region-new-column_1-inside panels-flexible-region-inside-first"> <div class="panel-pane pane-block pane-block-276 pane-block footer-logo" > <div class="pane-content"> <p><img alt="" src="/sites/default/files/sil_logo_white.png" style="width: 100px; height: 54px;" /></p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panels-flexible-region panels-flexible-region-new-column_2 "> <div class="inside panels-flexible-region-inside panels-flexible-region-new-column_2-inside"> <div class="panel-pane pane-block pane-menu-block-37 pane-menu-block" > <h2 class="pane-title"> <a href="/about">About Us</a> </h2> <div class="pane-content"> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-block pane-menu-block-38 pane-menu-block" > <h2 class="pane-title"> <a href="/blog">Blog</a> </h2> <div class="pane-content"> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-block pane-menu-block-41 pane-menu-block" > <h2 class="pane-title"> <a href="/about/news">News</a> </h2> <div class="pane-content"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panels-flexible-region panels-flexible-region-new-column_3 "> <div class="inside panels-flexible-region-inside panels-flexible-region-new-column_3-inside"> <div class="panel-pane pane-block pane-menu-block-44 pane-menu-block" > <h2 class="pane-title"> <a href="/give">Ways to Donate</a> </h2> <div class="pane-content"> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-block pane-menu-block-39 pane-menu-block" > <h2 class="pane-title"> <a href="/contact">Contact Us</a> </h2> <div class="pane-content"> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-block pane-menu-block-42 pane-menu-block" > <h2 class="pane-title"> <a href="/leaders">Our Leaders</a> </h2> <div class="pane-content"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panels-flexible-region panels-flexible-region-new-column_4 panels-flexible-region-last "> <div class="inside panels-flexible-region-inside panels-flexible-region-new-column_4-inside panels-flexible-region-inside-last"> <div class="panel-pane pane-block pane-menu-block-45 pane-menu-block" > <h2 class="pane-title"> <a href="/about/why-languages-matter">Why Languages Matter</a> </h2> <div class="pane-content"> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-block pane-menu-block-43 pane-menu-block" > <h2 class="pane-title"> <a href="/about/discover">Our Work</a> </h2> <div class="pane-content"> </div> </div> <div class="panel-separator"></div><div class="panel-pane pane-block pane-menu-block-40 pane-menu-block" > <h2 class="pane-title"> <a href="/language-services">Language Services</a> </h2> <div class="pane-content"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="panels-flexible-row panels-flexible-row-new-2 panels-flexible-row-last clearfix "> <div class="inside panels-flexible-row-inside panels-flexible-row-new-2-inside panels-flexible-row-inside-last clearfix"> <div class="panels-flexible-region panels-flexible-region-new-trust_and_social_icons panels-flexible-region-first panels-flexible-region-last "> <div class="inside panels-flexible-region-inside panels-flexible-region-new-trust_and_social_icons-inside panels-flexible-region-inside-first panels-flexible-region-inside-last"> <div class="panel-pane pane-block pane-menu-block-46 pane-menu-block footer-social" > <div class="pane-content"> <div class="menu-block-wrapper menu-block-46 menu-name-menu-social parent-mlid-0 menu-level-1"> <ul class="menu nav"><li class="first leaf menu-mlid-483"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/silglobal" class="menu_icon menu-483" target="_blank"><i class="fa fa-facebook" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-114151"><a href="https://www.instagram.com/sil_global/"><i class="fa fa-instagram" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-114156"><a href="http://linkedin.com/company/silglobal"><i class="fa fa-linkedin" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></li> <li class="leaf menu-mlid-484"><a href="https://twitter.com/silglobal"><i class="fa fa-twitter" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></li> <li class="last leaf menu-mlid-482"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/@SILglobal" class="menu_icon menu-482"><i class="fa fa-youtube-play" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></li> </ul></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> <div class="footer-bottom"> <div class="container"> <div class="region region-footer-bottom"> <section id="block-block-316" class="block block-block clearfix"> <p>Copyright 漏 2024聽<a href="https://www.sil.org">SIL Global</a>聽|聽<a href="https://www.sil.org/terms-use" title="Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | External Links Disclaimer">Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | External Links Disclaimer</a>聽| <a href="https://sil.org/ai-ethics-statement">AI Ethics聽Statement</a></p> </section> <section id="block-block-271" class="block block-block clearfix"> <p class="text-center"><a href="https://www.guidestar.org/profile/75-1840827" target="_blank"><img alt="" src="/sites/default/files/candid-seal-gold-2022.png" style="width: 75px; height: 75px;" /></a>聽聽<a href="https://www.ecfa.org/MemberProfile.aspx?ID=60424" target="_blank"><img alt="" src="/sites/default/files/ecfa-seal-charter.png" style="width: 75px; height: 75px;" /></a></p> </section> </div> </div> </div> </footer> <script src="https://www.sil.org/sites/default/files/js/js_7-q4xx5FaXgFWWma9tMCS9Q__822jcg6rhczPisS8LQ.js"></script> <script src="https://www.sil.org/sites/default/files/js/js_MLVgtzZ1ORq9krYqkeOsRay6ou_T-0QZytivuM9tTT8.js"></script> <script src="https://www.sil.org/sites/default/files/js/js_MRdvkC2u4oGsp5wVxBG1pGV5NrCPW3mssHxIn6G9tGE.js"></script> </body> </html>