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transit</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: sustainable transit"> <meta name="keywords" content="sustainable transit"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="sustainable transit"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 4887</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: sustainable transit</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4887</span> The Impacts of Gentrification in Transit-Oriented Development on Mode Choice and Equity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Steve%20Apell">Steve Apell</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Transit-oriented development (TOD) is a popular intervention for local governments endeavoring to reduce auto-dependency and the adverse effects of sprawl. At the same time, American households such as the millennial generation, are shifting their residential preferences from the suburbs to the central city. These changes have intensified demand for TOD housing which generates high rents. This leads to displacement of low-income, transit-dependent households by more affluent middle class families. Critics argue that, the effectiveness of TOD might be compromised as newer affluent residents drive more and use transit less. However, there has not been a comprehensive study to test this hypothesis. Using census data ( 1990 – 2012) from six metropolitans areas, this research investigated if block groups within one-mile radius of TOD are gentrifying. Our findings reveal that the price of housing and number of college graduates, increased more in TODs compared to the metropolitan area. Similarly, the percentage of immigrants increased in TOD, while those of blacks and whites declined. Most importantly, TOD residents generally commuted less by car, while transit use increased in some metropolitan areas. TOD in the south of the United States registered higher cost of housing and less transit use. These findings have significant implications for the future of equitable and sustainable transportation policy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=commuting" title="commuting">commuting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=equity" title=" equity"> equity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gentrification" title=" gentrification"> gentrification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mode%20choice" title=" mode choice"> mode choice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transit%20oriented%20development" title=" transit oriented development"> transit oriented development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46606/the-impacts-of-gentrification-in-transit-oriented-development-on-mode-choice-and-equity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46606.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">370</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4886</span> Introduction of Mass Rapid Transit System and Its Impact on Para-Transit</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khalil%20Ahmad%20Kakar">Khalil Ahmad Kakar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In developing countries increasing the automobile and low capacity public transport (para-transit) which are creating congestion, pollution, noise, and traffic accident are the most critical quandary. These issues are under the analysis of assessors to break down the puzzle and propose sustainable urban public transport system. Kabul city is one of those urban areas that the inhabitants are suffering from lack of tolerable and friendly public transport system. The city is the most-populous and overcrowded with around 4.5 million population. The para-transit is the only dominant public transit system with a very poor level of services and low capacity vehicles (6-20 passengers). Therefore, this study after detailed investigations suggests bus rapid transit (BRT) system in Kabul City. It is aimed to mitigate the role of informal transport and decreases congestion. The research covers three parts. In the first part, aggregated travel demand modelling (four-step) is applied to determine the number of users for para-transit and assesses BRT network based on higher passenger demand for public transport mode. In the second part, state preference (SP) survey and binary logit model are exerted to figure out the utility of existing para-transit mode and planned BRT system. Finally, the impact of predicted BRT system on para-transit is evaluated. The extracted outcome based on high travel demand suggests 10 km network for the proposed BRT system, which is originated from the district tenth and it is ended at Kabul International Airport. As well as, the result from the disaggregate travel mode-choice model, based on SP and logit model indicates that the predicted mass rapid transit system has higher utility with the significant impact regarding the reduction of para-transit. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BRT" title="BRT">BRT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=para-transit" title=" para-transit"> para-transit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=travel%20demand%20modelling" title=" travel demand modelling"> travel demand modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kabul%20City" title=" Kabul City"> Kabul City</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=logit%20model" title=" logit model"> logit model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102277/introduction-of-mass-rapid-transit-system-and-its-impact-on-para-transit" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102277.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">183</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4885</span> The Implementation of Level of Service for Development of Kuala Lumpur Transit Information System using GIS</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mokhtar%20Azizi">Mokhtar Azizi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Due to heavy traffic and congested roads, it is crucial that the most popular main public transport services in Kuala Lumpur i.e. Putra LRT, Star LRT, KTM Commuter, KL Monorail and Rapid Bus must be continuously monitored and improved to fulfill the rider’s requirement and kept updated by the transit agencies. Evaluation on the current status of the services has been determined out by calculating the transit supportive area (TSA) and level of service (LOS) for each transit station. This research study has carried out the TSA and LOS mapping based on GIS techniques. The detailed census data of the region along the line of services has been collected from the Department of Statistics Malaysia for this purpose. The service coverage has been decided by 400 meters buffer zone for bus stations and 800 meters for rails station and railways in measurement the Quality of Service along the line of services. All the required information has been calculated by using the customized GIS software called Kuala Lumpur Transit Information System (KLTIS). The transit supportive area was calculated with the employment density at least 10 job/hectare or household density at 7.5 unit/hectare and total area covered by transit supportive area is 22516 hectare and the total area that is not supported by transit is 1718 hectare in Kuala Lumpur. The level of service is calculated with the percentage of transit supportive area served by transit for each station. In overall the percentage transit supportive areas served by transit for all the stations were less than 50% which falls in a very low level of service category. This research has proven its benefit by providing the current transit services operators with vital information for improvement of existing public transport services. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=service%20coverage" title="service coverage">service coverage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transit%20supportive%20area" title=" transit supportive area"> transit supportive area</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=level%20of%20service" title=" level of service"> level of service</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transit%20system" title=" transit system"> transit system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22927/the-implementation-of-level-of-service-for-development-of-kuala-lumpur-transit-information-system-using-gis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22927.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">376</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4884</span> The Evaluation of Signal Timing Optimization and Implement of Transit Signal Priority in Intersections and Their Effect on Delay Reduction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Reza%20Ramezani">Mohammad Reza Ramezani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahriyar%20%20Afandizadeh"> Shahriyar Afandizadeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Since the intersections play a crucial role in traffic delay, it is significant to evaluate them precisely. In this paper, three critical intersections in Tehran (Capital of Iran) had been simulated. The main purpose of this paper was to optimize the public transit delay. The simulation had three different phase in three intersections of Tehran. The first phase was about the current condition of intersection; the second phase was about optimized signal timing and the last phase was about prioritized public transit access. The Aimsun software was used to simulate all phases, and the Synchro software was used to optimization of signals as well. The result showed that the implement of optimization and prioritizing system would reduce about 50% of delay for public transit. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transit%20signal%20priority" title="transit signal priority">transit signal priority</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intersection%20optimization" title=" intersection optimization"> intersection optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20transit" title=" public transit"> public transit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61840/the-evaluation-of-signal-timing-optimization-and-implement-of-transit-signal-priority-in-intersections-and-their-effect-on-delay-reduction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61840.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">473</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4883</span> Evaluating Accessibility to Bangkok Mass Transit System: Case Study of Saphan Taksin Bangkok Mass Transit System Station</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rungpansa%20Noichan">Rungpansa Noichan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bart%20Julian%20Dewancker"> Bart Julian Dewancker</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Thailand facing the transportation issue because of the rapid economic development. The big issue is the traffic jam, especially in Bangkok. However, recently years Bangkok has operated urban mass transit system for solved transportation problem. The Bangkok Mass Transit System (BTS) skytrain is being operated by the BTS Company Limited under the Bangkok Metropolitan Administration. The passenger satisfaction is a major cause for concern due to the commercial nature. The focus of this paper is to evaluate the passenger satisfaction at the mass transit node by questionnaires survey. The survey was to find out the passenger attitudes. The result shows several important factors that influence the passenger choice of using the BTS as a public transportation mode and the passenger’s opinion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20transportation" title="urban transportation">urban transportation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=user%20satisfaction" title=" user satisfaction"> user satisfaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accessibility" title=" accessibility"> accessibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bangkok%20mass%20transit" title=" Bangkok mass transit"> Bangkok mass transit</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71342/evaluating-accessibility-to-bangkok-mass-transit-system-case-study-of-saphan-taksin-bangkok-mass-transit-system-station" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71342.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">285</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4882</span> Assessing the Community Change Effects of Transit Oriented Development in Jabodetabek, Indonesia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hayati%20Sari%20Hasibuan">Hayati Sari Hasibuan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tresna%20P.%20Soemardi"> Tresna P. Soemardi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raldi%20H.%20Koestoer"> Raldi H. Koestoer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Setyo%20S.%20Moersidik"> Setyo S. Moersidik</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Facing the severe transportation system in daily basis, the government of Indonesia were searching an alternative solution to combat the acute traffic jam and the socio-economic negative effects and pollutions resulted. Transit-oriented development as a strategy in reformulating and restructuring of the urban land uses as well as the transport system will be implemented in many urban areas in Indonesia, especially in Jabodetabek. Jabodetabek is the greatest metropolitan area in Indonesia with 27.9 million inhabitants. The Jabodetabek is also the center of economic activity with gross domestic product around 22 percent of gross national product. This study aims to assess the potential of economic development and community change effects with implementing the transit oriented development. This study found that using transit oriented development as an alternative approach in reconstructing of urban land uses in metropolitan region will effect to the behaviour of urban mobilities, the housing choices, and the cost of transportation. The sustainable of socio-economic aspects resulting from the transit oriented development is the main focus of this paper. The challenge here is to explore the characteristics of transit oriented development that suitable for metropolitan region in developing country,which considering the uniqueness of nature and socio-cultural that shapes this urban. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20development" title="economic development">economic development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20change" title=" community change"> community change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=restructuring" title=" restructuring"> restructuring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=land%20use" title=" land use"> land use</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transportation" title=" transportation"> transportation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environment" title=" environment"> environment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16080/assessing-the-community-change-effects-of-transit-oriented-development-in-jabodetabek-indonesia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16080.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">407</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4881</span> Mode Choice for School Trip of Children’s Independence Mobility: A Case Study of School Proximity to Mass Transit Stations in Bangkok, Thailand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Phannarithisen%20Ong">Phannarithisen Ong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Children's independent mobility for school trips promotes physical and mental well-being, reduces parental chauffeuring and traffic congestion, and boosts children's public confidence. However, in Thailand, despite a decade of rail mass transit development in Bangkok City, cars still queue to drop students at schools near transit stations. This worsens congestion, urging better independent mobility among children in mass transit regions. The high reliance on the private vehicle will influence the private mode in the children's adulthood. This research emphasizes mass transit use among high school students near transit systems. Through a questionnaire survey, quantitative and qualitative methods reveal key factors impacting school trip mode choice. Preliminary findings highlight children's independence as crucial. The socioeconomic, demographic, trip, and transportation traits explain private car use, even schools near mass transit stations. The outcomes of this study will shed light on urban strategic policies for improvement, advocacy, and encouragement of students using mass transit for school trips, which will help normalize the use of mass transit for such trips. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children%27s%20independence%20mobility" title="children's independence mobility">children's independence mobility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mode%20choice" title=" mode choice"> mode choice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=school%20trips" title=" school trips"> school trips</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TOD" title=" TOD"> TOD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=extraneous%20variable" title=" extraneous variable"> extraneous variable</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children%27s%20independency" title=" children's independency"> children's independency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171652/mode-choice-for-school-trip-of-childrens-independence-mobility-a-case-study-of-school-proximity-to-mass-transit-stations-in-bangkok-thailand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171652.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">141</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4880</span> Evaluating Accessibility to Bangkok Mass Transit System: Case Study of Saphan Taksin BTS Station </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rungpansa%20Noichan">Rungpansa Noichan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bart%20Julien%20Dewancker"> Bart Julien Dewancker</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Access to the mass transit system, including rapid elevated and underground transport has become an outstanding issue for many cities. The mass transit access development should focus on behavioral responses of the different passenger groups. Moreover, it should consider about the appearance of intent-oriented action related accessibility that was explored from user’s satisfaction and attitudes related to services quality. This study aims to evaluate mass transit accessibility from passenger’s satisfaction, therefore, understanding the passenger’s attitudes about mass transit accessibility. The study area of this research is Bangkok Mass Transit system (BTS Skytrain) at Saphan Taksin station. 200 passengers at Saphan Taksin station were asked to rate the questionnaires survey that considers accessibility aspects of convenience, safety, feeder connectivity, and other dimensions. The survey was to find out the passenger attitudes and satisfaction for access to the BTS station, and the result shows several factors that influence the passenger choice of using the BTS as a public transportation mode and passenger’s opinion that needs to concern for the development mass transit system and accessibility performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20transportation" title="urban transportation">urban transportation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=user%20satisfaction" title=" user satisfaction"> user satisfaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accessibility" title=" accessibility"> accessibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bangkok%20mass%20transit" title=" Bangkok mass transit"> Bangkok mass transit</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94546/evaluating-accessibility-to-bangkok-mass-transit-system-case-study-of-saphan-taksin-bts-station" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94546.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">268</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4879</span> Effect of Transit-Oriented Development on Air Quality in Neighborhoods of Delhi</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Smriti%20Bhatnagar">Smriti Bhatnagar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aims to find if the Transit-oriented planning and development approach benefit the quality of air in neighborhoods of New Delhi. Two methodologies, namely the land use regression analysis and the Transit-oriented development index analysis, are being used to explore this relationship. Land Use Regression Analysis makes use of urban form characteristics as obtained for 33 neighborhoods in Delhi. These comprise road lengths, land use areas, population and household densities, number of amenities and distance between amenities. Regressions are run to establish the relationship between urban form variables and air quality parameters (dependent variables). For the Transit-oriented development index analysis, the Transit-oriented Development index is developed as a composite index comprising 29 urban form indicators. This index is developed by assigning weights to each of the 29 urban form data points. Regressions are run to establish the relationship between the Transit-oriented development index and air quality parameters. The thesis finds that elements of Transit-oriented development if incorporated in planning approach, have a positive effect on air quality. Roads suited for non-motorized transport, well connected civic amenities in neighbourhoods, for instance, have a directly proportional relationship with air quality. Transit-oriented development index, however, is not found to have a consistent relationship with air quality parameters. The reason could this, however, be in the way that the index has been constructed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20quality" title="air quality">air quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=land%20use%20regression" title=" land use regression"> land use regression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mixed-use%20planning" title=" mixed-use planning"> mixed-use planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transit-oriented%20development%20index" title=" transit-oriented development index"> transit-oriented development index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=New%20Delhi" title=" New Delhi"> New Delhi</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108365/effect-of-transit-oriented-development-on-air-quality-in-neighborhoods-of-delhi" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108365.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">270</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4878</span> Transit-Oriented Development as a Tool for Building Social Capital</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suneet%20Jagdev">Suneet Jagdev</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rapid urbanization has resulted in informal settlements on the periphery of nearly all big cities in the developing world due to lack of affordable housing options in the city. Residents of these communities have to travel long distances to get to work or search for jobs in these cities, and women, children and elderly people are excluded from urban opportunities. Affordable and safe public transport facilities can help them expand their possibilities. The aim of this research is to identify social capital as another important element of livable cities that can be protected and nurtured through transit-oriented development, as a tool to provide real resources that can help these transit-oriented communities become self-sustainable. Social capital has been referred to the collective value of all social networks and the inclinations that arise from these networks to do things for each other. It is one of the key component responsible to build and maintain democracy. Public spaces, pedestrian amenities and social equity are the other essential part of Transit Oriented Development models that will be analyzed in this research. The data has been collected through the analysis of several case studies, the urban design strategies implemented and their impact on the perception and on the community´s experience, and, finally, how these focused on the social capital. Case studies have been evaluated on several metrics, namely ecological, financial, energy consumption, etc. A questionnaire and other tools were designed to collect data to analyze the research objective and reflect the dimension of social capital. The results of the questionnaire indicated that almost all the participants have a positive attitude towards this dimensions of building a social capital with the aid of transit-oriented development. Statistical data of the identified key motivators against against demographic characteristics have been generated based on the case studies used for the paper. The findings suggested that there is a direct relation between urbanization, transit-oriented developments, and social capital. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=better%20opportunities" title="better opportunities">better opportunities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low-income%20settlements" title=" low-income settlements"> low-income settlements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20capital" title=" social capital"> social capital</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20inclusion" title=" social inclusion"> social inclusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transit%20oriented%20development" title=" transit oriented development"> transit oriented development</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50947/transit-oriented-development-as-a-tool-for-building-social-capital" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/50947.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">331</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4877</span> Transit Facility Planning in Fringe Areas of Kolkata Metropolitan Region</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soumen%20Mitra">Soumen Mitra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aparna%20Saha"> Aparna Saha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The perceived link between the city and the countryside is evolving rapidly and is getting shifted away from the assumptions of mainstream paradigms to new conceptual networks where rural-urban links are being redefined. In this conceptual field, the fringe interface is still considered as a transitional zone between city and countryside, and is defined as a diffused area rather than a discrete territory. In developing countries fringe areas are said to have both rural and urban characteristics but are devoid of basic municipal facilities. Again, when the urban core areas envelopes the fringe areas along with it the character of fringe changes but services are not well facilitated which in turn results to uneven growth, rapid and haphazard development. One of the major services present in fringe areas is inter-linkages in terms of transit corridors. Planning for the appropriate and sustainable future of fringe areas requires a sheer focus on these corridors pertaining to transit facility, for better accessibility and mobility. Inducing a transit facility plan enhances the various facilities and also increases their proximity for user groups. The study focuses on the western fringe region of Kolkata metropolis which is a major source of industrial hub and housing sector, thus converting the agricultural lands into non-agricultural use. The study emphasizes on providing transit facilities both physical (stops, sheds, terminals, etc.) and operational (ticketing system, route prioritization, integration of transit modes, etc.), to facilitate the region as well as accelerate the growth pattern systematically. Hence, the scope of this work is on the basis of prevailing conditions in fringe areas and attempts for an effective transit facility plan. The strategies and recommendations are in terms of road widening, service coverage, feeder route prioritization, bus stops facilitation, pedestrian facilities, etc, which in turn enhances the region’s growth pattern. Thus, this context of transit facility planning acts as a catalytic agent to avoid the future unplanned growth and accelerates it towards an integrated development. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feeder%20route" title="feeder route">feeder route</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fringe" title=" fringe"> fringe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=municipal%20planning" title=" municipal planning"> municipal planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transit%20facility" title=" transit facility"> transit facility</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87403/transit-facility-planning-in-fringe-areas-of-kolkata-metropolitan-region" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87403.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">177</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4876</span> Enhancing Transit Trade, Facilitation System and Supply Chain Security for Local, Regional and an International Corridor </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moh%E2%80%99d%20A.%20AL-Shboul">Moh’d A. AL-Shboul</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recently, and due to Arab spring and terrorism around the globe, pushing and driving most governments potentially to harmonize their border measures particularly the regional and an international transit trade within and among Customs Unions. The main purpose of this study is to investigate and provide an insight for monitoring and controlling the trade supply chain within and among different countries by using technological advancement (i.e. an electronic tracking system, etc.); furthermore, facilitate the local and intra-regional trade among countries through reviewing the recent trends and practical implementation of an electronic transit traffic and cargo that related to customs measures by introducing and supporting some case studies of several international and landlocked transit trade countries. The research methodology employed in this study was described as qualitative by conducting few interviews with managers, transit truck drivers, and traders and reviewing the related literature to collect qualitative data from secondary sources such as statistical reports, previous studies, etc. The results in this study show that Jordan and other countries around the globe that used an electronic tracking system for monitoring transit trade has led to a significant reduction in cost, effort and time in physical movement of goods internally and crossing through other countries. Therefore, there is no need to escort transit trucks by customs staff; hence, the rate of escort transit trucks is reduced by more than ninety percent, except the bulky and high duty goods. Electronic transit traffic has been increased; the average transit time journey has been reduced by more than seventy percent and has led to decrease in rates of smuggling up to fifty percent. The researcher recommends considering Jordan as regional and international office for tracking electronically and monitoring the transit trade for many considerations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electronic%20tracking%20system" title="electronic tracking system">electronic tracking system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=facilitation%20system" title=" facilitation system"> facilitation system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regional%20and%20international%20corridor" title=" regional and international corridor"> regional and international corridor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supply%20chain%20security" title=" supply chain security"> supply chain security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transit%20trade" title=" transit trade"> transit trade</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55683/enhancing-transit-trade-facilitation-system-and-supply-chain-security-for-local-regional-and-an-international-corridor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55683.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">502</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4875</span> Architectural Design Strategies: Enhance Train Station Performance as the Catalyst of Transit Oriented Development in Jakarta, Case Study of Beos Commuter Line Station</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shinta%20Ardiana%20Sari">Shinta Ardiana Sari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dini%20Puti%20Angelia"> Dini Puti Angelia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A high number of urban population in Jakarta has been a substantial issue for mobility strategy. Transit Oriented Development (TOD) becomes one of the strategies to improve community livability based on the design of transit place and the system of its context. TOD principle is trying to win over pedestrian motorization habit, makes people would rather transit and travel more than using private vehicle. Train station takes the main role as the catalyst to emerge TOD, in Jakarta this role will be taken by Commuter line and the future MRT. For advancing its development, architectural design perspective is needed to perform evaluation while seeking for the strategies between accessibility transportation modes with convenience and safety for increasing human behavioral intention. This paper discovers design strategy for transit place that appropriates with Jakarta condition use the basic theories of liminal space and transit-oriented development goal. This paper use evidence-based approach with typology method to analyze the present condition of Commuter Line station in Jakarta and precedent of Asian Cities, Tokyo and Seoul, as the secondary sources, and also with numbers of valid questionnaires. Furthermore, the result of this paper aims to the emerging of a transit-oriented community by giving design requirements and suggestion transportation policies preparing for the operational of MRT in the future Jakarta and other similar cities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=station%20design" title="station design">station design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transit%20place" title=" transit place"> transit place</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transit-oriented%20development" title=" transit-oriented development"> transit-oriented development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban" title=" urban "> urban </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75970/architectural-design-strategies-enhance-train-station-performance-as-the-catalyst-of-transit-oriented-development-in-jakarta-case-study-of-beos-commuter-line-station" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75970.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">219</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4874</span> Stepping in Sustainability: Walkability an Upcoming Design Parameter for Transit Based Communities in Lahore, Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sadaf%20Saeed">Sadaf Saeed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The consideration of walkability as an urban design parameter in conjunction with transit-oriented development is an established trend in the developed countries but an upcoming trend in developing countries. In Pakistan, the first Bus Rapid Transit (locally called as Metro Bus) has been introduced in the city of Lahore in 2013 where around 40 percent of the riders access to transit stations by walking. To what extent the aspect of walkability has been considered in the local scenario? To address this question, this paper presents an account of urban design parameters regarding pedestrian provisions and quality of walking environment between Metro Bus stations and users’ destination in the transit neighbourhoods (areas up to 500-meter radius). The primary and secondary data for objective and subjective walkability measurements has been used for neighbourhoods of five selected transit stations ranked against the predefined critical assessed factors (CAF). The multi-criteria approach including visual and geospatially-based parameters at street level, along with walkability index score at selected sites linked with CAF evaluation were the selected methods for this study. The acceptability of walkability as an urban design parameter for transit planning in terms of connectivity and social implications of the concept has also been analysed in the local context. The paper highlights that the aspect of walkability in Lahore is being derelict owing to the focus of government on other initiatives such as park and ride and feeder bus services for mobility of passengers. However, the pedestrian-friendly design parameters as a part of future transit planning can enhance social, liveable and interactive walking environment within transit neighbourhoods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=walkability" title="walkability">walkability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transit%20neighborhoods" title=" transit neighborhoods"> transit neighborhoods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20communities" title=" social communities"> social communities</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84380/stepping-in-sustainability-walkability-an-upcoming-design-parameter-for-transit-based-communities-in-lahore-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84380.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">245</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4873</span> Sustainable Transition of Universal Design for Learning-Based Teachers’ Latent Profiles from Contact to Distance Education</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alvyra%20Galkien%C4%97">Alvyra Galkienė</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ona%20Monkevi%C4%8Dien%C4%97"> Ona Monkevičienė</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The full participation of all pupils in the overall educational process is defined by the concept of inclusive education, which is gradually evolving in education policy and practice. It includes the full participation of all pupils in a shared learning experience and educational practices that address barriers to learning. Inclusive education applying the principles of Universal Design for Learning (UDL), which includes promoting students' involvement in learning processes, guaranteeing a deep understanding of the analysed phenomena, initiating self-directed learning, and using e-tools to create a barrier-free environment, is a prerequisite for the personal success of each pupil. However, the sustainability of quality education is affected by the transformation of education systems. This was particularly evident during the period of the forced transition from contact to distance education in the COVID-19 pandemic. Research Problem: The transformation of the educational environment from real to virtual one and the loss of traditional forms of educational support highlighted the need for new research, revealing the individual profiles of teachers using UDL-based learning and the pathways of sustainable transfer of successful practices to non-conventional learning environments. Research Methods: In order to identify individual latent teacher profiles that encompass the essential components of UDL-based inclusive teaching and direct leadership of students' learning, the quantitative analysis software Mplius was used for latent profile analysis (LPA). In order to reveal proven, i.e., sustainable, pathways for the transit of the components of UDL-based inclusive learning to distance learning, latent profile transit analysis (LPTA) via Mplius was used. An online self-reported questionnaire was used for data collection. It consisted of blocks of questions designed to reveal the experiences of subject teachers in contact and distance learning settings. 1432 Lithuanian, Latvian, and Estonian subject teachers took part in the survey. Research Results: The LPA analysis revealed eight latent teacher profiles with different characteristics of UDL-based inclusive education or traditional teaching in contact teaching conditions. Only 4.1% of the subject teachers had a profile characterised by a sustained UDL approach to teaching: promoting pupils' self-directed learning; empowering pupils' engagement, understanding, independent action, and expression; promoting pupils' e-inclusion; and reducing the teacher's direct supervision of the students. Other teacher profiles were characterised by limited UDL-based inclusive education either due to the lack of one or more of its components or to the predominance of direct teacher guidance. The LPTA analysis allowed us to highlight the following transit paths of teacher profiles in the extreme conditions of the transition from contact to distance education: teachers staying in the same profile of UDL-based inclusive education (sustainable transit) or jumping to other profiles (unsustainable transit in case of barriers), and teachers from other profiles moving to this profile (ongoing transit taking advantage of the changed new possibilities in the teaching process). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distance%20education" title="distance education">distance education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=latent%20teacher%20profiles" title=" latent teacher profiles"> latent teacher profiles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20transit" title=" sustainable transit"> sustainable transit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UDL" title=" UDL"> UDL</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153259/sustainable-transition-of-universal-design-for-learning-based-teachers-latent-profiles-from-contact-to-distance-education" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153259.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">101</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4872</span> Disaggregate Travel Behavior and Transit Shift Analysis for a Transit Deficient Metropolitan City </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sultan%20Ahmad%20Azizi">Sultan Ahmad Azizi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gaurang%20J.%20Joshi"> Gaurang J. Joshi </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Urban transportation has come to lime light in recent times due to deteriorating travel quality. The economic growth of India has boosted significant rise in private vehicle ownership in cities, whereas public transport systems have largely been ignored in metropolitan cities. Even though there is latent demand for public transport systems like organized bus services, most of the metropolitan cities have unsustainably low share of public transport. Unfortunately, Indian metropolitan cities have failed to maintain balance in mode share of various travel modes in absence of timely introduction of mass transit system of required capacity and quality. As a result, personalized travel modes like two wheelers have become principal modes of travel, which cause significant environmental, safety and health hazard to the citizens. Of late, the policy makers have realized the need to improve public transport system in metro cities for sustaining the development. However, the challenge to the transit planning authorities is to design a transit system for cities that may attract people to switch over from their existing and rather convenient mode of travel to the transit system under the influence of household socio-economic characteristics and the given travel pattern. In this context, the fast-growing industrial city of Surat is taken up as a case for the study of likely shift to bus transit. Deterioration of public transport system of bus after 1998, has led to tremendous growth in two-wheeler traffic on city roads. The inadequate and poor service quality of present bus transit has failed to attract the riders and correct the mode use balance in the city. The disaggregate travel behavior for trip generations and the travel mode choice has been studied for the West Adajan residential sector of city. Mode specific utility functions are calibrated under multi-nominal logit environment for two-wheeler, cars and auto rickshaws with respect to bus transit using SPSS. Estimation of shift to bus transit is carried indicate an average 30% of auto rickshaw users and nearly 5% of 2W users are likely to shift to bus transit if service quality is improved. However, car users are not expected to shift to bus transit system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bus%20transit" title="bus transit">bus transit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disaggregate%20travel%20nehavior" title=" disaggregate travel nehavior"> disaggregate travel nehavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mode%20choice%20Behavior" title=" mode choice Behavior"> mode choice Behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20transport" title=" public transport "> public transport </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124466/disaggregate-travel-behavior-and-transit-shift-analysis-for-a-transit-deficient-metropolitan-city" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124466.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">260</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4871</span> Application of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle in Urban Rail Transit Intelligent Inspection</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xinglu%20Nie">Xinglu Nie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Feifei%20Tang"> Feifei Tang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chuntao%20Wei"> Chuntao Wei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhimin%20Ruan"> Zhimin Ruan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qianhong%20Zhu"> Qianhong Zhu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Current method of manual-style inspection can not fully meet the requirement of the urban rail transit security in China. In this paper, an intelligent inspection method using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is utilized. A series of orthophoto of rail transit monitored area was collected by UAV, image correction and registration were operated among multi-phase images, then the change detection was used to detect the changes, judging the engineering activities and human activities that may become potential threats to the security of urban rail. Not only qualitative judgment, but also quantitative judgment of changes in the security control area can be provided by this method, which improves the objectives and efficiency of the patrol results. The No.6 line of Chongqing Municipality was taken as an example to verify the validation of this method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rail%20transit" title="rail transit">rail transit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=control%20of%20protected%20areas" title=" control of protected areas"> control of protected areas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intelligent%20inspection" title=" intelligent inspection"> intelligent inspection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UAV" title=" UAV"> UAV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=change%20detection" title=" change detection"> change detection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76631/application-of-unmanned-aerial-vehicle-in-urban-rail-transit-intelligent-inspection" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76631.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">369</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4870</span> The Masterplan for the Urban Regeneration of the Heritage District of Msheireb Downtown Doha, State of Qatar</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raffaello%20Furlan">Raffaello Furlan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the 21st century, the sustainable urban development of GCC-cities is challenged by inhabitants’ over-dependency on private-use vehicles. In turn, this habit has generated problems of urban inefficiency, contributing to traffic congestion, pollution, urban sprawling, fragmentation of the urban fabric, and various environmental and social challenges. In the context of Doha, the capital city of the State of Qatar, the over-dependency on private-use vehicles is justified by the lack of alternative public modes of transportation that support the need to connect fragmented urban districts and provide an effective solution to urban sprawl. Therefore, the current construction of the Qatar Metro Rail is offering the potential for investigating and defining a strategy for the sustainable urban development and/or urban regeneration of transit villages (TODs) in Qatar. Namely, the aim of this research study is (i) to investigate the development of transit villages (TODs) in the cultural-heritage district of Msheireb, Downtown Doha, (ii) to explore how the introduction of the new public transport system of Doha Metro can be effectively utilized as means of urban regeneration of the cultural core of the city, (iii) to propose a masterplan for TOD suitable for the district, suiting and responding to regional cultural and societal values. The findings reveal that the strategies for the sustainable urban regeneration of Msheireb are based on (i) the integration of land-use and multimodal transportation systems, (ii) the implementation of the public realm, and (iii) conservation of culture and urban identity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20urbanism" title="sustainable urbanism">sustainable urbanism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smart%20growth" title=" smart growth"> smart growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TODs" title=" TODs"> TODs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural%20district" title=" cultural district"> cultural district</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Msheireb%20Downtown%20Doha" title=" Msheireb Downtown Doha"> Msheireb Downtown Doha</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116548/the-masterplan-for-the-urban-regeneration-of-the-heritage-district-of-msheireb-downtown-doha-state-of-qatar" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116548.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">245</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4869</span> Transit Network Design Problem Issues and Challenges</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmoud%20Owais">Mahmoud Owais</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Public Transit (P.T) is very important means to reduce traffic congestion, to improve urban environmental conditions and consequently affects people social lives. Planning, designing and management of P.T are the key issues for offering a competitive mode that can compete with the private transportation. These transportation planning, designing and management issues are addressed in the Transit Network Design Problem (TNDP). It deals with a complete hierarchy of decision making process. It includes strategic, tactical and operational decisions. The main body of TNDP is two stages, namely; route design stage and frequency setting. The TNDP is extensively studied in the last five decades; however the research gate is still widely open due to its many practical and modeling challenges. In this paper, a comprehensive background is given to illustrate the issues and challenges related to the TNDP to help in directing the incoming researches towards the untouched areas of the problem. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frequency%20setting" title="frequency setting">frequency setting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=network%20design" title=" network design"> network design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transit%20planning" title=" transit planning"> transit planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20planning" title=" urban planning"> urban planning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28564/transit-network-design-problem-issues-and-challenges" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28564.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">384</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4868</span> Developing a Sustainable Transit Planning Index Using Analytical Hierarchy Process Method for ZEB Implementation in Canada</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mona%20Ghafouri-Azar">Mona Ghafouri-Azar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Diamond"> Sara Diamond</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeremy%20Bowes"> Jeremy Bowes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Grace%20Yuan"> Grace Yuan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aimee%20Burnett"> Aimee Burnett</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michelle%20Wyndham-West"> Michelle Wyndham-West</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Wagner"> Sara Wagner</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anand%20Pariyarath"> Anand Pariyarath</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Transportation is the fastest growing source of greenhouse gas emissions worldwide. In Canada, it is responsible for 23% of total CO2emissions from fuel combustion, and emissions from the transportation sector are the second largest source of emissions after the oil and gas sector. Currently, most Canadian public transportation systems rely on buses that operateon fossil fuels.Canada is currently investing billions of dollars to replacediesel buses with electric busesas this isperceived to have a significant impact on climate mitigation. This paper focuses on the possible impacts of zero emission buses (ZEB) on sustainable development, considering three dimensions of sustainability; environmental quality, economic growth, and social development.A sustainable transportation system is one that is safe, affordable, accessible, efficient, and resilient and that contributes minimal emissions of carbon and other pollutants.To enable implementation of these goals, relevant indicators were selected and defined that measure progress towards a sustainable transportation system. These were drawn from Canadian and international examples. Studies compare different European cities in terms of development, sustainability, and infrastructures, by using transport performance indicators. A Normalized Transport Sustainability index measures and compares policies in different urban areas and allows fine-tuning of policies. Analysts use a number ofmethods for sustainable analysis, like cost-benefit analysis (CBA) toassess economic benefit, life-cycle assessment (LCA) to assess social, economic, and environment factors and goals, and multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) analysis which can comparediffering stakeholder preferences.A multi criteria decision making approach is an appropriate methodology to plan and evaluate sustainable transit development and to provide insights and meaningful information for decision makers and transit agencies. It is essential to develop a system thataggregates specific discrete indices to assess the sustainability of transportation systems.Theseprioritize indicators appropriate for the differentCanadian transit system agencies and theirpreferences and requirements. This studywill develop an integrating index that alliesexistingdiscrete indexes to supporta reliable comparison between the current transportation system (diesel buses) and the new ZEB system emerging in Canada. As a first step, theindexes for each category are selected, and the index matrix constructed. Second, the selected indicators arenormalized to remove anyinconsistency between them. Next, the normalized matrix isweighted based on the relative importance of each index to the main domains of sustainability using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method. This is accomplished through expert judgement around the relative importance of different attributes with respect to the goals through apairwise comparison matrix. The considerationof multiple environmental, economic, and social factors (including equity and health) is integrated intoa sustainable transit planning index (STPI) which supportsrealistic ZEB implementation in Canada and beyond and is useful to different stakeholders, agencies, and ministries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zero%20emission%20buses" title="zero emission buses">zero emission buses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20transit" title=" sustainable transit"> sustainable transit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transportation" title=" transportation"> transportation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analytical%20hierarchy%20process" title=" analytical hierarchy process"> analytical hierarchy process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environment" title=" environment"> environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economy" title=" economy"> economy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social" title=" social"> social</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147418/developing-a-sustainable-transit-planning-index-using-analytical-hierarchy-process-method-for-zeb-implementation-in-canada" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147418.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">128</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4867</span> Study on Influencing Factors of Walkability of Rail Transit Station Area</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yang%20Wenjuan">Yang Wenjuan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xu%20Yilun"> Xu Yilun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Based on the comparative analysis of the relevant evaluation methods of walking environment, this paper selects the combined evaluation method of macro urban morphology analysis and micro urban design quality survey, then investigates and analyzes the walking environment of three rail transit station area in Nanjing to explore the influence factor and internal relation of walkability of rail transit station area. Analysis shows that micro urban design factors have greater impact on the walkability of rail transit station area compared with macro urban morphology factors, the convenience is the key factor in the four aspects of convenience, security, identity and comfortability of the urban design factors, the convenience is not only affected by the block network form, but also related to the quality of the street space. The overall evaluation of walkability comes from the overlapping and regrouping of the walking environment at different levels, but some environmental factors play a leading role. The social attributes of pedestrians also partly influence their walking perception and evaluation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rail%20transit%20station%20area" title="rail transit station area">rail transit station area</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=walkability" title=" walkability"> walkability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evaluation" title=" evaluation"> evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=influence%20factors" title=" influence factors"> influence factors</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80309/study-on-influencing-factors-of-walkability-of-rail-transit-station-area" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80309.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">295</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4866</span> A Novel Solution Methodology for Transit Route Network Design Problem</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghada%20Moussa">Ghada Moussa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mamoud%20Owais"> Mamoud Owais</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Transit Route Network Design Problem (TrNDP) is the most important component in Transit planning, in which the overall cost of the public transportation system highly depends on it. The main purpose of this study is to develop a novel solution methodology for the TrNDP, which goes beyond pervious traditional sophisticated approaches. The novelty of the solution methodology, adopted in this paper, stands on the deterministic operators which are tackled to construct bus routes. The deterministic manner of the TrNDP solution relies on using linear and integer mathematical formulations that can be solved exactly with their standard solvers. The solution methodology has been tested through Mandl’s benchmark network problem. The test results showed that the methodology developed in this research is able to improve the given network solution in terms of number of constructed routes, direct transit service coverage, transfer directness and solution reliability. Although the set of routes resulted from the methodology would stand alone as a final efficient solution for TrNDP, it could be used as an initial solution for meta-heuristic procedures to approach global optimal. Based on the presented methodology, a more robust network optimization tool would be produced for public transportation planning purposes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integer%20programming" title="integer programming">integer programming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transit%20route%20design" title=" transit route design"> transit route design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transportation" title=" transportation"> transportation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20planning" title=" urban planning"> urban planning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5927/a-novel-solution-methodology-for-transit-route-network-design-problem" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5927.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">273</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4865</span> A Comprehensive Evaluation of the Bus Rapid Transit Project from Gazipur to Airport at Dhaka Focusing on Environmental Impacts</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Swapna%20Begum">Swapna Begum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Higano%20Yoshiro"> Higano Yoshiro</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Dhaka is the capital city of Bangladesh. It is considered as one of the traffic congested cities in the world. The growth of the population of this city is increasing day by day. The land use pattern and the increased socio-economic characteristics increase the motor vehicle ownership of this city. The rapid unplanned urbanization and poor transportation planning have deteriorated the transport environment of this city. Also, the huge travel demand with non-motorized traffics on streets is accounted for enormous traffic congestion in this city. The land transport sector in Dhaka is mainly dependent on road transport comprised of both motorized and non-motorized modes of travel. This improper modal mix and the un-integrated system have resulted in huge traffic congestion in this city. Moreover, this city has no well-organized public transport system and any Mass Transit System to cope with this ever increasing demand. Traffic congestion causes serious air pollution and adverse impact on the economy by deteriorating the accessibility, level of service, safety, comfort and operational efficiency. Therefore, there is an imperative need to introduce a well-organized, properly scheduled mass transit system like (Bus Rapid Transit) BRT minimizing the existing problems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=air%20pollution" title="air pollution">air pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BRT" title=" BRT"> BRT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mass%20transit" title=" mass transit"> mass transit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traffic%20congestion" title=" traffic congestion"> traffic congestion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68750/a-comprehensive-evaluation-of-the-bus-rapid-transit-project-from-gazipur-to-airport-at-dhaka-focusing-on-environmental-impacts" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68750.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">405</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4864</span> Effects of Body Positioning on Videofluoroscopic Barium Esophagram in Healthy Cats </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyeona%20Kim">Hyeona Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kichang%20Lee"> Kichang Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seunghee%20Lee"> Seunghee Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeongsu%20An"> Jeongsu An</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyungjun%20Min"> Kyungjun Min</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Contrast videofluoroscopy is the diagnostic imaging technique for evaluating cat with dysphagia. Generally, videofluoroscopic studies have been done with the cat restrained in lateral recumbency. It is different from the neutral position such as standing or sternal recumbency which is actual swallowing posture. We hypothesized that measurement of esophageal transit and peristalsis would be affected by body position. This experimental study analyzed the imaging findings of barium esophagram in 5 cats. Each cat underwent videofluoroscopy during swallowing of liquid barium and barium-soaked kibble in standing position and lateral recumbency. Esophageal transit time and the number of esophageal peristaltic waves were compared among body positions. Transit time in the cervical esophagus (0.57s), cranial thoracic esophagus (2.5s), and caudal thoracic esophagus(1.10s) was delayed when cats were in lateral recumbency for liquid barium. For kibble, transit time was more delayed than that of liquid through the entire esophagus in lateral recumbency. Liquid and kibble frequently started to delay at thoracic inlet region, transit time in the thoracic esophagus was significantly delayed than the cervical esophagus. In standing position, 60.2% of liquid swallows stimulated primary esophageal peristalsis. In lateral recumbency, 50.5% of liquid swallows stimulated primary esophageal peristalsis. Other variables were not significantly different. Lateral body positioning increases entire esophageal transit time and thoracic esophageal transit time is most significantly delayed. Thus, lateral recumbency decreases the number of primary esophageal peristalsis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=barium%20esophagram" title="barium esophagram">barium esophagram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=body%20positioning" title=" body positioning"> body positioning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cat" title=" cat"> cat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=videofluoroscopy" title=" videofluoroscopy"> videofluoroscopy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97132/effects-of-body-positioning-on-videofluoroscopic-barium-esophagram-in-healthy-cats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97132.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">201</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4863</span> How Strategic Urban Design Promote Sustainable Urban Mobility: A Comparative Analysis of Cities from Global North and Global South</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rati%20Sandeep%20Choudhari">Rati Sandeep Choudhari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mobility flows are considered one of the most important elements of urbanisation, with transport infrastructure serving as a backbone of urban fabrics. Although rapid urbanisation and changing land use patterns have led to an increase in urban mobility levels around the globe, mobility, in general, has become an unpleasant experience for city dwellers, making locations around the city inconvenient to access. With public transport featured in almost every sustainable mobility plan in developing countries, the intermodality and integration with appropriate non–motorised transport infrastructure is often neglected. As a result, people choose to use private cars and two-wheelers to travel, rendering public transit systems underutilised, and encroaching onto pedestrian space on streets, thus making urban mobility unsafe and inconvenient for a major section of society. On the other hand, cities in the West, especially in Europe, depend heavily on inter–modal transit systems, allowing people to shift between metros, buses, trams, walking, and cycling to access even the remote locations of the city. Keeping accessibility as the focal point while designing urban mobility plans and policies, these cities have appropriately refined their urban form, optimised urban densities, developed a multimodal transit system, and adopted place-making strategies to foster a sense of place, thus, improving the quality of urban mobility experience in cities. Using a qualitative research approach, the research looks in detail into the existing literature on what kind of strategies can be applied to improve the urban mobility experience for city dwellers. It further studies and draws out a comparative analysis of cities in both developed and developing parts of the world where these strategies have been used to create people-centric mobility systems, fostering a sense of place with respect to urban mobility and how these strategies affected their social, economic, and environmental dynamics. The examples reflect on how different strategies like redefining land use patterns to form close knit neighbourhoods, development of non – motorise transit systems, and their integration with public transport infrastructure and place-making approach has helped in enhancing the quality and experience of mobility infrastructure in cities. The research finally concludes by laying out strategies that can be adopted by cities of the Global South to develop future mobility systems in a people-centric and sustainable way. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20mobility" title="urban mobility">urban mobility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20transport" title=" sustainable transport"> sustainable transport</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategic%20planning" title=" strategic planning"> strategic planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=people-centric%20approach" title=" people-centric approach"> people-centric approach</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157455/how-strategic-urban-design-promote-sustainable-urban-mobility-a-comparative-analysis-of-cities-from-global-north-and-global-south" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157455.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">128</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4862</span> Public Transport Analysis and Introducing of Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) System in Kabul City</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramin%20Mirzada">Ramin Mirzada</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research investigates the valuation of public transport importance in decreasing congestion and in introduction of bus rapid transit in Kabul city. The main concern and main problem of the Kabul city public transport is traffic congestion. When buses and trams are stuck in traffic jams, it is clear that they fall behind from the schedule and this cause lots of problem for Kabul residence. In this research, the main attention has been given to improve current public transport in Kabul city which Public transport has large share almost 50% share among all mode. The main purpose of this research is to improve public transport system, to examine the demand and the supply of public transport in Kabul city, and to improve public transport system by introducing Bus rapid transit (BRT) system in Kabul city. The data which is used in this research is gathered by Transport Ministry, Kabul Municipality and Japan Cooperation Agency in Afghanistan (JICA). Urban transportation modeling system (UTMS) which is also known as traditional four-step modeling is used as the methodology of this research. The outcome of this research shows that by improving public transport which is local bus system mostly congestion problem of Kabul city become solve, and for those lanes which has the high demand and has more congestion, it is needed to introduce bus rapid transit system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transportation" title="transportation">transportation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=planning" title=" planning"> planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20transport" title=" public transport"> public transport</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bus%20rapid%20transit" title=" bus rapid transit"> bus rapid transit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kabul" title=" Kabul"> Kabul</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afghanistan" title=" Afghanistan"> Afghanistan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57193/public-transport-analysis-and-introducing-of-bus-rapid-transit-brt-system-in-kabul-city" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57193.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">486</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4861</span> Continuous Blood Pressure Measurement from Pulse Transit Time Techniques</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chien-Lin%20Wang">Chien-Lin Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cha-Ling%20Ko"> Cha-Ling Ko</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tainsong%20Chen"> Tainsong Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Pulse Blood pressure (BP) is one of the vital signs, and is an index that helps determining the stability of life. In this respect, some spinal cord injury patients need to take the tilt table test. While doing the test, the posture changes abruptly, and may cause a patient’s BP to change abnormally. This may cause patients to feel discomfort, and even feel as though their life is threatened. Therefore, if a continuous non-invasive BP assessment system were built, it could help to alert health care professionals in the process of rehabilitation when the BP value is out of range. In our research, BP assessed by the pulse transit time technique was developed. In the system, we use a self-made photoplethysmograph (PPG) sensor and filter circuit to detect two PPG signals and to calculate the time difference. The BP can immediately be assessed by the trend line. According to the results of this study, the relationship between the systolic BP and PTT has a highly negative linear correlation (R2=0.8). Further, we used the trend line to assess the value of the BP and compared it to a commercial sphygmomanometer (Omron MX3); the error rate of the system was found to be in the range of ±10%, which is within the permissible error range of a commercial sphygmomanometer. The continue blood pressure measurement from pulse transit time technique may have potential to become a convenience method for clinical rehabilitation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=continous%20blood%20pressure%20measurement" title="continous blood pressure measurement">continous blood pressure measurement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PPG" title=" PPG"> PPG</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20transit%20time" title=" time transit time"> time transit time</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transit%20velocity" title=" transit velocity"> transit velocity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42468/continuous-blood-pressure-measurement-from-pulse-transit-time-techniques" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42468.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">353</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4860</span> Review on Crew Scheduling of Bus Transit: A Case Study in Kolkata</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sapan%20Tiwari">Sapan Tiwari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Namrata%20Ghosh"> Namrata Ghosh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In urban mass transit, crew scheduling always plays a significant role. It deals with the formulation of work timetables for its staff so that an organization can meet the demand for its products or services. The efficient schedules of a specified timetable have an enormous impact on staff demand. It implies that an urban mass transit company's financial outcomes are strongly associated with planning operations in the region. The research aims to demonstrate the state of the crew scheduling studies and its practical implementation in mass transit businesses in metropolitan areas. First, there is a short overview of past studies in the field. Subsequently, the restrictions and problems with crew scheduling and some models, which have been developed to solve the related issues with their mathematical formulation, are defined. The comments are completed by a description of the solution opportunities provided by computer-aided scheduling program systems for operational use and exposures from urban mass transit organizations. Furthermore, Bus scheduling is performed using the Hungarian technique of problem-solving tasks and mathematical modeling. Afterward, the crew scheduling problem, which consists of developing duties using predefined tasks with set start and end times and places, is resolved. Each duty has to comply with a set line of work. The objective is to minimize a mixture of fixed expenses (number of duties) and varying costs. After the optimization of cost, the outcome of the research is that the same frequency can be provided with fewer buses and less workforce. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crew%20scheduling" title="crew scheduling">crew scheduling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=duty" title=" duty"> duty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimization%20of%20cost" title=" optimization of cost"> optimization of cost</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20mass%20transit" title=" urban mass transit"> urban mass transit</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111901/review-on-crew-scheduling-of-bus-transit-a-case-study-in-kolkata" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111901.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">150</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4859</span> A Study of the Planning and Designing of the Built Environment under the Green Transit-Oriented Development</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wann-Ming%20Wey">Wann-Ming Wey</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, the problems of global climate change and natural disasters have induced the concerns and attentions of environmental sustainability issues for the public. Aside from the environmental planning efforts done for human environment, Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) has been widely used as one of the future solutions for the sustainable city development. In order to be more consistent with the urban sustainable development, the development of the built environment planning based on the concept of Green TOD which combines both TOD and Green Urbanism is adapted here. The connotation of the urban development under the green TOD including the design toward environment protect, the maximum enhancement resources and the efficiency of energy use, use technology to construct green buildings and protected areas, natural ecosystems and communities linked, etc. Green TOD is not only to provide the solution to urban traffic problems, but to direct more sustainable and greener consideration for future urban development planning and design. In this study, we use both the TOD and Green Urbanism concepts to proceed to the study of the built environment planning and design. Fuzzy Delphi Technique (FDT) is utilized to screen suitable criteria of the green TOD. Furthermore, Fuzzy Analytic Network Process (FANP) and Quality Function Deployment (QFD) were then developed to evaluate the criteria and prioritize the alternatives. The study results can be regarded as the future guidelines of the built environment planning and designing under green TOD development in Taiwan. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20TOD" title="green TOD">green TOD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=built%20environment" title=" built environment"> built environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20delphi%20technique" title=" fuzzy delphi technique"> fuzzy delphi technique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20function%20deployment" title=" quality function deployment"> quality function deployment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20analytic%20network%20process" title=" fuzzy analytic network process"> fuzzy analytic network process</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52387/a-study-of-the-planning-and-designing-of-the-built-environment-under-the-green-transit-oriented-development" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52387.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">384</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4858</span> Predicting Destination Station Based on Public Transit Passenger Profiling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xuyang%20Song">Xuyang Song</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jun%20Yin"> Jun Yin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The smart card has been an extremely universal tool in public transit. It collects a large amount of data on buses, urban railway transit, and ferries and provides possibilities for passenger profiling. This paper combines offline analysis of passenger profiling and real-time prediction to propose a method that can accurately predict the destination station in real-time when passengers tag on. Firstly, this article constructs a static database of user travel characteristics after identifying passenger travel patterns based on the Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN). The dual travel passenger habits are identified: OD travel habits and D station travel habits. Then a rapid real-time prediction algorithm based on Transit Passenger Profiling is proposed, which can predict the destination of in-board passengers. This article combines offline learning with online prediction, providing a technical foundation for real-time passenger flow prediction, monitoring and simulation, and short-term passenger behavior and demand prediction. This technology facilitates the efficient and real-time acquisition of passengers' travel destinations and demand. The last, an actual case was simulated and demonstrated feasibility and efficiency. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=travel%20behavior" title="travel behavior">travel behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=destination%20prediction" title=" destination prediction"> destination prediction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20transit" title=" public transit"> public transit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=passenger%20profiling" title=" passenger profiling"> passenger profiling</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190243/predicting-destination-station-based-on-public-transit-passenger-profiling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190243.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 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