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<img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-ko.svg" width="120" height="13" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EA%B2%80%EC%83%89" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="위키백과 검색 [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>검색</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="위키백과 검색" aria-label="위키백과 검색" autocapitalize="sentences" title="위키백과 검색 [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="특수:검색"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">검색</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="개인 도구"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="보이기"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="문서의 글꼴 크기, 폭, 색의 모습을 변경합니다" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="보이기" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">보이기</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ko.wikipedia.org&uselang=ko" class=""><span>기부</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EA%B3%84%EC%A0%95%EB%A7%8C%EB%93%A4%EA%B8%B0&returnto=%EB%A3%A8%EB%8F%8C%ED%94%84+%ED%81%AC%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4%ED%86%A0%ED%94%84+%EC%98%A4%EC%9D%B4%EC%BC%84" title="계정을 만들고 로그인하는 것이 좋습니다. 하지만 필수는 아닙니다" class=""><span>계정 만들기</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%A1%9C%EA%B7%B8%EC%9D%B8&returnto=%EB%A3%A8%EB%8F%8C%ED%94%84+%ED%81%AC%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4%ED%86%A0%ED%94%84+%EC%98%A4%EC%9D%B4%EC%BC%84" title="위키백과에 로그인하면 여러가지 편리한 기능을 사용할 수 있습니다. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>로그인</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="더 많은 옵션" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="개인 도구" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">개인 도구</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="사용자 메뉴" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_ko.wikipedia.org&uselang=ko"><span>기부</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EA%B3%84%EC%A0%95%EB%A7%8C%EB%93%A4%EA%B8%B0&returnto=%EB%A3%A8%EB%8F%8C%ED%94%84+%ED%81%AC%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4%ED%86%A0%ED%94%84+%EC%98%A4%EC%9D%B4%EC%BC%84" title="계정을 만들고 로그인하는 것이 좋습니다. 하지만 필수는 아닙니다"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>계정 만들기</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%A1%9C%EA%B7%B8%EC%9D%B8&returnto=%EB%A3%A8%EB%8F%8C%ED%94%84+%ED%81%AC%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4%ED%86%A0%ED%94%84+%EC%98%A4%EC%9D%B4%EC%BC%84" title="위키백과에 로그인하면 여러가지 편리한 기능을 사용할 수 있습니다. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>로그인</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 로그아웃한 편집자를 위한 문서 <a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%84%EC%9B%80%EB%A7%90:%EC%86%8C%EA%B0%9C" aria-label="편집에 관해 더 알아보기"><span>더 알아보기</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%82%B4%EA%B8%B0%EC%97%AC" title="이 IP 주소의 편집 목록 [y]" accesskey="y"><span>기여</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8A%B9%EC%88%98:%EB%82%B4%EC%82%AC%EC%9A%A9%EC%9E%90%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0" title="현재 사용하는 IP 주소에 대한 토론 문서 [n]" accesskey="n"><span>토론</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="사이트"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="목차" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">목차</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">사이드바로 이동</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">숨기기</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">처음 위치</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-생애" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#생애"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>생애</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-생애-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-사상" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#사상"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>사상</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-사상-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-외부_링크" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#외부_링크"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>외부 링크</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-외부_링크-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="목차" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="목차 토글" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">목차 토글</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">루돌프 크리스토프 오이켄</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="다른 언어로 문서를 방문합니다. 87개 언어로 읽을 수 있습니다" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-87" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">87개 언어</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Christoph_Eucken" title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken – 아프리칸스어" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="아프리칸스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Christoph_Eucken" title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken – 아라곤어" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="아라곤어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%84%D9%81_%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%83%D9%86" title="رودلف أوكن – 아랍어" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="رودلف أوكن" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="아랍어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%84%D9%81_%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%83%D9%86" title="رودلف اوكن – 이집트 아랍어" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="رودلف اوكن" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="이집트 아랍어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Christoph_Eucken" title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Eyken" title="Rudolf Eyken – 아제르바이잔어" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Rudolf Eyken" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="아제르바이잔어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%81_%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%81_%DB%8C%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%86" title="رودولف کریستوف یوکن – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="رودولف کریستوف یوکن" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84_%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84_%D0%AD%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Рудольф Крыстаф Эйкен – 벨라루스어" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Рудольф Крыстаф Эйкен" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="벨라루스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84_%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84_%D0%9E%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Рудальф Крыстаф Ойкен – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Рудальф Крыстаф Ойкен" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%84_%D0%9E%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Рудолф Ойкен – 불가리아어" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Рудолф Ойкен" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="불가리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%A6%AB_%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%AB_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8" title="রুডল্‌ফ ক্রিস্টফ অয়কেন – 벵골어" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রুডল্‌ফ ক্রিস্টফ অয়কেন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="벵골어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Christoph_Eucken" title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken – 브르타뉴어" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="브르타뉴어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Christoph_Eucken" title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken – 보스니아어" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="보스니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Christoph_Eucken" title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken – 카탈로니아어" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="카탈로니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Christoph_Eucken" title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken – 체코어" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="체코어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Christoph_Eucken" title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken – 덴마크어" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="덴마크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Eucken" title="Rudolf Eucken – 독일어" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Rudolf Eucken" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="독일어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A1%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BB%CF%86_%CE%8C%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B5%CE%BD" title="Ρούντολφ Όικεν – 그리스어" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ρούντολφ Όικεν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="그리스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Christoph_Eucken" title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken – 영어" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="영어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Christoph_Eucken" title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken – 에스페란토어" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="에스페란토어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Christoph_Eucken" title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken – 스페인어" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="스페인어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Christoph_Eucken" title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken – 에스토니아어" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="에스토니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Eucken" title="Rudolf Eucken – 바스크어" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Rudolf Eucken" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="바스크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%81_%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%81_%DB%8C%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%86" title="رودولف کریستف یوکن – 페르시아어" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="رودولف کریستف یوکن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="페르시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Eucken" title="Rudolf Eucken – 핀란드어" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Rudolf Eucken" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="핀란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Christoph_Eucken" title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken – 프랑스어" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="프랑스어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Eucken" title="Rudolf Eucken – 서부 프리지아어" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Rudolf Eucken" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="서부 프리지아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Christoph_Eucken" title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken – 아일랜드어" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="아일랜드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Christoph_Eucken" title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken – 스코틀랜드 게일어" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="스코틀랜드 게일어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Christoph_Eucken" title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken – 갈리시아어" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="갈리시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Christoph_Eucken" title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken – 하카어" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="하카어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%93%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A3_%D7%90%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%9F" title="רודולף אויקן – 히브리어" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="רודולף אויקן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="히브리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AB_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AB_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8" title="रूडोल्फ क्रिस्टोफ यूकेन – 힌디어" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रूडोल्फ क्रिस्टोफ यूकेन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="힌디어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Eucken" title="Rudolf Eucken – 크로아티아어" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Rudolf Eucken" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="크로아티아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Christoph_Eucken" title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken – 헝가리어" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="헝가리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8C%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A4%D5%B8%D5%AC%D6%86_%D5%94%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%86_%D4%B7%D5%B5%D6%84%D5%A5%D5%B6" title="Ռուդոլֆ Քրիստոֆ Էյքեն – 아르메니아어" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ռուդոլֆ Քրիստոֆ Էյքեն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="아르메니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Christoph_Eucken" title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken – 인도네시아어" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="인도네시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Christoph_Eucken" title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken – 이로코어" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="이로코어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Christoph_Eucken" title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken – 이도어" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="이도어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Eucken" title="Rudolf Eucken – 아이슬란드어" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Rudolf Eucken" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="아이슬란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Christoph_Eucken" title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken – 이탈리아어" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="이탈리아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AB%E3%83%89%E3%83%AB%E3%83%95%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E3%83%95%E3%83%BB%E3%82%AA%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B1%E3%83%B3" title="ルドルフ・クリストフ・オイケン – 일본어" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ルドルフ・クリストフ・オイケン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="일본어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%93%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A4_%E1%83%99%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A4_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="რუდოლფ კრისტოფ ოიკენი – 조지아어" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="რუდოლფ კრისტოფ ოიკენი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="조지아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%84_%D0%AD%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Рудольф Кристоф Эйкен – 카자흐어" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Рудольф Кристоф Эйкен" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="카자흐어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AB%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AB%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%AF%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D" title="ರುಡಾಲ್ಫ್ ಕ್ರಿಸ್ಟಾಫ್ ಯೂಕೆನ್ – 칸나다어" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ರುಡಾಲ್ಫ್ ಕ್ರಿಸ್ಟಾಫ್ ಯೂಕೆನ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="칸나다어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Eucken" title="Rudolf Eucken – 쿠르드어" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Rudolf Eucken" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="쿠르드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolphus_Eucken" title="Rudolphus Eucken – 라틴어" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Rudolphus Eucken" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="라틴어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Christoph_Eucken" title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken – 리투아니아어" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="리투아니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C5%ABdolfs_Eikens" title="Rūdolfs Eikens – 라트비아어" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Rūdolfs Eikens" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="라트비아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%84_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%84_%D0%9E%D1%98%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Рудолф Кристоф Ојкен – 마케도니아어" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Рудолф Кристоф Ојкен" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="마케도니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8B%E0%B5%BE%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%86%E0%B5%BB" title="റുഡോൾഫ് ക്രിസ്റ്റഫ് യൂക്കെൻ – 말라얄람어" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="റുഡോൾഫ് ക്രിസ്റ്റഫ് യൂക്കെൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="말라얄람어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AB_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%AB_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8" title="रुडॉल्फ क्रिस्टॉफ युकेन – 마라티어" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="रुडॉल्फ क्रिस्टॉफ युकेन" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="마라티어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Christoph_Eucken" title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken – 말레이어" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="말레이어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%81_%DB%8C%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%86" title="رودولف یوکن – 마잔데라니어" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="رودولف یوکن" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="마잔데라니어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nah mw-list-item"><a href="https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Eucken" title="Rudolf Eucken – Nahuatl" lang="nah" hreflang="nah" data-title="Rudolf Eucken" data-language-autonym="Nāhuatl" data-language-local-name="Nahuatl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nāhuatl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Christoph_Eucken" title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken – 저지 독일어" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="저지 독일어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Christoph_Eucken" title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken – 네덜란드어" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="네덜란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Christoph_Eucken" title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken – 노르웨이어(니노르스크)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="노르웨이어(니노르스크)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Christoph_Eucken" title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken – 노르웨이어(보크말)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="노르웨이어(보크말)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Christoph_Eucken" title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken – 오크어" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="오크어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%A1%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BC_%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BC_%E0%A8%AF%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%A8" title="ਰੁਡੋਲਫ਼ ਕ੍ਰਿਸਟੋਫ਼ ਯੂਕੇਨ – 펀잡어" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਰੁਡੋਲਫ਼ ਕ੍ਰਿਸਟੋਫ਼ ਯੂਕੇਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="펀잡어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Eucken" title="Rudolf Eucken – 폴란드어" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Rudolf Eucken" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="폴란드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Christoph_Eucken" title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%DA%88%D9%84%D9%81_%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%B9%D9%88%D9%81_%DB%8C%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%86" title="رڈلف کرسٹوف یوکن – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="رڈلف کرسٹوف یوکن" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Eucken" title="Rudolf Eucken – 포르투갈어" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Rudolf Eucken" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="포르투갈어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Eucken" title="Rudolf Eucken – 케추아어" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Rudolf Eucken" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="케추아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Eucken" title="Rudolf Eucken – 루마니아어" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Rudolf Eucken" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="루마니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BD,_%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%84" title="Эйкен, Рудольф Кристоф – 러시아어" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Эйкен, Рудольф Кристоф" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="러시아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Christoph_Eucken" title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken – 스코틀랜드어" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="스코틀랜드어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Eucken" title="Rudolf Eucken – 슬로바키아어" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Rudolf Eucken" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="슬로바키아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Eucken" title="Rudolf Eucken – 알바니아어" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Rudolf Eucken" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="알바니아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Kristof_Ojken" title="Rudolf Kristof Ojken – 세르비아어" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Rudolf Kristof Ojken" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="세르비아어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Eucken" title="Rudolf Eucken – 스웨덴어" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Rudolf Eucken" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="스웨덴어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Christoph_Eucken" title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken – 스와힐리어" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="스와힐리어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="ருடால்ப் கிறிஸ்டோப் ஆய்க்கன் – 타밀어" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ருடால்ப் கிறிஸ்டோப் ஆய்க்கன்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="타밀어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%9F_%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%97%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%9F_%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" title="รูด็อล์ฟ คริสท็อฟ อ็อยเคิน – 태국어" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="รูด็อล์ฟ คริสท็อฟ อ็อยเคิน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="태국어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Christoph_Eucken" title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken – 터키어" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="터키어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%84_%D0%9E%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Рудольф Кристоф Ойкен – 타타르어" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Рудольф Кристоф Ойкен" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="타타르어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84_%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%84_%D0%9E%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Рудольф Крістоф Ойкен – 우크라이나어" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Рудольф Крістоф Ойкен" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="우크라이나어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%DA%88%D9%88%D9%84%D9%81_%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%B9%D9%88%D9%81_%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%86" title="روڈولف کرسٹوف ائیوکن – 우르두어" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="روڈولف کرسٹوف ائیوکن" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="우르두어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Christoph_Eucken" title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken – 베트남어" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="베트남어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Christoph_Eucken" title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken – 와라이어" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="와라이어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%B2%81%E9%81%93%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E6%89%98%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E5%A5%A5%E4%BC%8A%E8%82%AF" title="鲁道夫·克里斯托夫·奥伊肯 – 우어" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="鲁道夫·克里斯托夫·奥伊肯" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="우어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%93%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A4_%E1%83%99%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A4_%E1%83%9D%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="რუდოლფ კრისტოფ ოიკენი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="რუდოლფ კრისტოფ ოიკენი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Christoph_Eucken" title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken – 요루바어" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Rudolf Christoph Eucken" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="요루바어" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a 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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ko" dir="ltr"><p><span class="nowrap"></span> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:Eucken-im-Alter.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Eucken-im-Alter.png/220px-Eucken-im-Alter.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="334" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Eucken-im-Alter.png/330px-Eucken-im-Alter.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/ad/Eucken-im-Alter.png 2x" data-file-width="373" data-file-height="566" /></a><figcaption>루돌프 크리스토프 오이켄<span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8%EC%83%81" title="노벨상"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ko/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/30px-Nobel_Prize.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ko/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/45px-Nobel_Prize.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ko/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/60px-Nobel_Prize.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="492" /></a></span></figcaption></figure> <p><b>루돌프 크리스토프 오이켄</b>(Rudolf Christoph Eucken, <a href="/wiki/1846%EB%85%84" title="1846년">1846년</a>~<a href="/wiki/1926%EB%85%84" title="1926년">1926년</a>)은 <a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%85%EC%9D%BC" title="독일">독일</a>의 <a href="/wiki/%EC%B2%A0%ED%95%99%EC%9E%90" title="철학자">철학자</a>이다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="생애"><span id=".EC.83.9D.EC.95.A0"></span>생애</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A3%A8%EB%8F%8C%ED%94%84_%ED%81%AC%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4%ED%86%A0%ED%94%84_%EC%98%A4%EC%9D%B4%EC%BC%84&action=edit&section=1" title="부분 편집: 생애"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>독일 북부 <a href="/w/index.php?title=%EC%95%84%EC%9A%B0%EB%A6%AC%ED%9E%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="아우리히 (없는 문서)">아우리히</a>에서 출생하였다. 처음에는 고전문헌학(古典文獻學)의 연구에 뜻을 두었지만 후에 <a href="/wiki/%ED%98%95%EC%9D%B4%EC%83%81%ED%95%99" title="형이상학">형이상학</a> 방면에서 업적을 올렸다. <a href="/wiki/1871%EB%85%84" title="1871년">1871년</a>에 <a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%94%EC%A0%A4_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="바젤 대학">바젤 대학</a>의 철학교수가 되었고, <a href="/wiki/1874%EB%85%84" title="1874년">1874년</a>에는 <a href="/wiki/%EC%98%88%EB%82%98_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%99" class="mw-redirect" title="예나 대학">예나 대학</a>으로 전임하였다. 연구 생활의 가장 충실한 시기가 이때부터 시작되었다. <a href="/wiki/%EC%84%9C%EC%96%91" title="서양">서양</a>의 <a href="/wiki/%EC%B2%A0%ED%95%99" title="철학">철학</a>과 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A2%85%EA%B5%90" title="종교">종교</a> 사상을 역사적으로 개관한 주저 <대사상가의 인생관>(1890) 이외에 <정신생활의 통일성>(1888), <정신생활 내용을 위한 투쟁>(1896) <종교의 진리 내용>(1901) 등이 계속해서 그 시기에 간행되었고, <a href="/wiki/1908%EB%85%84" title="1908년">1908년</a>에는 <a href="/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8_%EB%AC%B8%ED%95%99%EC%83%81" title="노벨 문학상">노벨 문학상</a>을 받았다. <a href="/wiki/1920%EB%85%84" title="1920년">1920년</a>에 퇴직한 후에는 강연과 저술에만 전념하다가 <a href="/wiki/%EC%98%88%EB%82%98" title="예나">예나</a>에서 80세를 일기로 사망하였다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="사상"><span id=".EC.82.AC.EC.83.81"></span>사상</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A3%A8%EB%8F%8C%ED%94%84_%ED%81%AC%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4%ED%86%A0%ED%94%84_%EC%98%A4%EC%9D%B4%EC%BC%84&action=edit&section=2" title="부분 편집: 사상"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>오이켄의 학설은 '<a href="/wiki/%EC%83%9D%EC%9D%98_%EC%B2%A0%ED%95%99" title="생의 철학">생의 철학</a>'의 일종으로 볼 수 있으나, 자연적인 생명현상을 그대로 시인하는 것이 아니었으며, 오히려 자연을 초월해서 고양된 정신생활과 그에 대한 고유한 가치를 중시하는 것이었다. 이 점에서 그는 <a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%85%EC%9D%BC%EA%B4%80%EB%85%90%EB%A1%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="독일관념론">독일관념론</a>의 전통 - 특히 <a href="/wiki/%ED%94%BC%ED%9E%88%ED%85%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="피히테">피히테</a> 철학 - 에 이어져 있으며, 당시에 유력했던 <a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%A0%EC%B9%B8%ED%8A%B8%ED%8C%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="신칸트파">신칸트파</a>의 <a href="/wiki/%EC%A3%BC%EC%A7%80%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" class="mw-redirect" title="주지주의">주지주의</a>의 여지를 공박하기도 했지만 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EB%AC%BC%EB%A1%A0" title="유물론">유물론</a>이나 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%90%EC%97%B0%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" class="mw-disambig" title="자연주의">자연주의</a>에는 대립하는 입장을 취했다. </p><p>오이켄의 말에 따르면 정신 생활이란 하나의 새로운 현실이어서 자기의 내면적 충실을 기하는 것이다. 그것은 항상 창조적 능동성을 가지고 있으나 개인적 활동을 초월한 공동생활의 목적을 실현키 위한 것이다. 정신생활에는 윤리적인 것이 깊이 뿌리를 박고 있으며, 역사라고 하는 것은 정신 생활이 그것을 담당하는 한 윤리적 요소로 일관되어 있다. 그러나 이러한 정신생활을 유지하기 위해서는 노력이 필요하다. 생활은 내면화(內面化)의 노고를 거쳐 비로소 가치있는 것이 된다. 종교의 참다운 내용도 절대적인 정신 생활의 깊이를 시인하는 데에 존재하는 것이다. 오이켄은 세기 말의 도덕적인 퇴폐나 절박한 <a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%90%EB%B3%B8%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="자본주의">자본주의</a>적 위기 의식 가운데서 온 힘을 기울여 인생 전체에 걸치는 의의와 가치를 물었던 것이다. <a href="/wiki/%EC%A0%9C1%EC%B0%A8_%EC%84%B8%EA%B3%84_%EB%8C%80%EC%A0%84" title="제1차 세계 대전">제1차 세계 대전</a> 후에도 비인격화한 문명의 영위로부터 인간의 영혼을 해방해야 할 창조적인 정신생활의 근저를 직관할 것을 정열적으로 역설하였다. 그의 설은 한때 세계 각국에서 반향을 불러일으켰으나 <a href="/wiki/%EB%94%9C%ED%83%80%EC%9D%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="딜타이">딜타이</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EC%A7%90%EB%A9%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="짐멜">짐멜</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%A0%EB%A5%B4%EA%B7%B8%EC%86%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="베르그송">베르그송</a>, <a href="/wiki/%EB%8B%88%EC%B2%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="니체">니체</a> 등의 '생의 철학'만큼 방법적인 새로움과 철저성이 결여되었기 때문에 현대에 이르러서는 그만큼 주목되지 않았다. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="외부_링크"><span id=".EC.99.B8.EB.B6.80_.EB.A7.81.ED.81.AC"></span>외부 링크</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%EB%A3%A8%EB%8F%8C%ED%94%84_%ED%81%AC%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4%ED%86%A0%ED%94%84_%EC%98%A4%EC%9D%B4%EC%BC%84&action=edit&section=3" title="부분 편집: 외부 링크"><span>편집</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> 위키미디어 공용에 <span class="plainlinks"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_Eucken" class="extiw" title="commons:Rudolf Eucken">루돌프 크리스토프 오이켄</a></span> 관련 미디어 자료가 있습니다.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobel-winners.com/Literature/rudolf_christoph.html">Eucken, Rudolf Christoph</a> at Nobel-winners.com</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/42188">Rudolf Eucken의 작품</a> - <a href="/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%A1%9C%EC%A0%9D%ED%8A%B8_%EA%B5%AC%ED%85%90%EB%B2%A0%EB%A5%B4%ED%81%AC" title="프로젝트 구텐베르크">프로젝트 구텐베르크</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://noblib.internet-box.ch/NLEW.php?authorid=9">List of Works</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//archive.org/search.php?query=%28%28subject%3A%22Eucken%2C%20Rudolf%20Christoph%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Eucken%2C%20Rudolf%20C%2E%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Eucken%2C%20R%2E%20C%2E%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Rudolf%20Christoph%20Eucken%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Rudolf%20C%2E%20Eucken%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22R%2E%20C%2E%20Eucken%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Eucken%2C%20Rudolf%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Rudolf%20Eucken%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Rudolf%20Christoph%20Eucken%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Rudolf%20C%2E%20Eucken%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22R%2E%20C%2E%20Eucken%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22R%2E%20Christoph%20Eucken%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Eucken%2C%20Rudolf%20Christoph%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Eucken%2C%20Rudolf%20C%2E%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Eucken%2C%20R%2E%20C%2E%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Eucken%2C%20R%2E%20Christoph%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Rudolf%20Eucken%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Eucken%2C%20Rudolf%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Rudolf%20Christoph%20Eucken%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Rudolf%20C%2E%20Eucken%22%20OR%20title%3A%22R%2E%20C%2E%20Eucken%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Rudolf%20Eucken%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Rudolf%20Christoph%20Eucken%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Rudolf%20C%2E%20Eucken%22%20OR%20description%3A%22R%2E%20C%2E%20Eucken%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Eucken%2C%20Rudolf%20Christoph%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Eucken%2C%20Rudolf%20C%2E%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Rudolf%20Eucken%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Eucken%2C%20Rudolf%22%29%20OR%20%28%221846-1926%22%20AND%20Eucken%29%29%20AND%20%28-mediatype:software%29">작품 정보 루돌프 크리스토프 오이켄</a> - <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B8%ED%84%B0%EB%84%B7_%EC%95%84%EC%B9%B4%EC%9D%B4%EB%B8%8C" title="인터넷 아카이브">인터넷 아카이브</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://librivox.org/search?q={{{1}}}&search_form=advanced">루돌프 크리스토프 오이켄의 작품</a> - <a href="/wiki/%EB%A6%AC%EB%B8%8C%EB%A6%AC%EB%B3%B5%EC%8A%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="리브리복스">리브리복스</a> (퍼블릭 도메인 오디오북) <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/15px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/23px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Speaker_Icon.svg/30px-Speaker_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://purl.org/pressemappe20/folder/pe/004867">Newspaper clippings about 루돌프 크리스토프 오이켄</a> in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/20th_Century_Press_Archives" class="extiw" title="en:20th Century Press Archives">20th Century Press Archives</a> of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_National_Library_of_Economics" class="extiw" title="en:German National Library of Economics">ZBW</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47695#P4293" title="위키데이터에서 편집하기"><img alt="위키데이터에서 편집하기" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nobelprize.org/laureate/578">루돌프 크리스토프 오이켄</a> - Nobelprize.org <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47695#P8024" title="위키데이터에서 편집하기"><img alt="위키데이터에서 편집하기" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li></ul> <div><small><span typeof="mw:File"><a 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href="/wiki/%EB%B9%84%EC%97%90%EB%A5%B8%EC%8A%A4%ED%8B%B0%EC%97%90%EB%A5%B4%EB%84%A4_%EB%B9%84%EC%97%90%EB%A5%B8%EC%86%90" title="비에른스티에르네 비에른손">비에른손</a></li> <li>1904: <a href="/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%A0%88%EB%8D%B0%EB%A6%AC%ED%81%AC_%EB%AF%B8%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8%EB%9E%84" title="프레데리크 미스트랄">미스트랄</a> / <a href="/wiki/%ED%98%B8%EC%84%B8_%EC%97%90%EC%B2%B4%EA%B0%80%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4" title="호세 에체가라이">에체가라이</a></li> <li>1905: <a href="/wiki/%ED%97%A8%EB%A6%AC%ED%81%AC_%EC%8B%9C%EC%97%94%ED%82%A4%EC%97%90%EB%B9%84%EC%B9%98" title="헨리크 시엔키에비치">시엔키에비치</a></li> <li>1906: <a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%EC%88%98%EC%97%90_%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%B4%EB%91%90%EC%B9%98" title="조수에 카르두치">카르두치</a></li> <li>1907: <a href="/wiki/%EB%9F%AC%EB%94%94%EC%96%B4%EB%93%9C_%ED%82%A4%ED%94%8C%EB%A7%81" title="러디어드 키플링">키플링</a></li> <li>1908: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">오이켄</a></li> <li>1909: <a href="/wiki/%EC%85%80%EB%A7%88_%EB%9D%BC%EA%B2%94%EB%A2%B0%ED%94%84" title="셀마 라겔뢰프">라겔뢰프</a></li> <li>1910: <a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9A%B8_%EC%9A%94%ED%95%9C_%EB%A3%A8%ED%8A%B8%EB%B9%84%ED%9E%88_%ED%8F%B0_%ED%95%98%EC%9D%B4%EC%A0%9C" title="파울 요한 루트비히 폰 하이제">폰 하이제</a></li> <li>1911: <a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4_%EB%A7%88%ED%85%8C%EB%A5%BC%EB%A7%81%ED%81%AC" title="모리스 마테를링크">마테를링크</a></li> <li>1912: <a href="/wiki/%EA%B2%8C%EB%A5%B4%ED%95%98%EB%A5%B4%ED%8A%B8_%ED%95%98%EC%9B%81%ED%8A%B8%EB%A7%8C" title="게르하르트 하웁트만">하웁트만</a></li> <li>1913: <a href="/wiki/%EB%9D%BC%EB%B9%88%EB%93%9C%EB%9D%BC%EB%82%98%ED%8A%B8_%ED%83%80%EA%B3%A0%EB%A5%B4" title="라빈드라나트 타고르">타고르</a></li> <li>1915: <a href="/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EB%A7%B9_%EB%A1%A4%EB%9E%91" title="로맹 롤랑">롤랑</a></li> <li>1916: <a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%A0%EB%A5%B4%EB%84%A4%EB%A5%B4_%ED%8F%B0_%ED%97%A4%EC%9D%B4%EB%8D%B4%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%90" title="베르네르 폰 헤이덴스탐">폰 헤이덴스탐</a></li> <li>1917: <a href="/wiki/%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%BC_%EC%95%84%EB%8F%8C%ED%94%84_%EA%B8%B0%EC%97%98%EB%A0%88%EB%A3%A8%ED%94%84" title="카를 아돌프 기엘레루프">기엘레루프</a> / <a href="/wiki/%ED%97%A8%EB%A6%AC%ED%81%AC_%ED%8F%B0%ED%86%A0%ED%94%BC%EB%8B%A8" title="헨리크 폰토피단">폰토피단</a></li> <li>1919: <a href="/wiki/%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%BC_%EC%8A%88%ED%94%BC%ED%85%94%EB%9F%AC" title="카를 슈피텔러">슈피텔러</a></li> <li>1920: <a href="/wiki/%ED%81%AC%EB%88%84%ED%8A%B8_%ED%95%A8%EC%88%9C" title="크누트 함순">함순</a></li> <li>1921: <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%82%98%ED%86%A8_%ED%94%84%EB%9E%91%EC%8A%A4" title="아나톨 프랑스">프랑스</a></li> <li>1922: <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%98%EC%8B%A0%ED%86%A0_%EB%B2%A0%EB%82%98%EB%B2%A4%ED%85%8C" title="하신토 베나벤테">베나벤테</a></li> <li>1923: <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%84_%EB%B2%84%ED%8B%80%EB%9F%AC_%EC%98%88%EC%9D%B4%EC%B8%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="윌리엄 버틀러 예이츠">예이츠</a></li> <li>1924: <a href="/wiki/%EB%B8%8C%EC%99%80%EB%94%94%EC%8A%A4%EC%99%80%ED%94%84_%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B4%EB%AA%AC%ED%8A%B8" title="브와디스와프 레이몬트">레이몬트</a></li> <li>1925: <a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%EC%A7%80_%EB%B2%84%EB%82%98%EB%93%9C_%EC%87%BC" title="조지 버나드 쇼">쇼</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1926-1950</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1926: <a href="/wiki/%EA%B7%B8%EB%9D%BC%EC%B9%98%EC%95%84_%EB%8D%B8%EB%A0%88%EB%8B%A4" title="그라치아 델레다">델레다</a></li> <li>1927: <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%99%EB%A6%AC_%EB%B2%A0%EB%A5%B4%EA%B7%B8%EC%86%90" title="앙리 베르그손">베르그손</a></li> <li>1928: <a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%9C%EA%B7%B8%EB%A6%AC%EB%93%9C_%EC%9A%B4%EC%84%B8%ED%8A%B8" title="시그리드 운세트">운세트</a></li> <li>1929: <a href="/wiki/%ED%86%A0%EB%A7%88%EC%8A%A4_%EB%A7%8C" title="토마스 만">만</a></li> <li>1930: <a href="/wiki/%EC%8B%B1%ED%81%B4%EB%A0%88%EC%96%B4_%EB%A3%A8%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%A4" title="싱클레어 루이스">루이스</a></li> <li>1931: <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%90%EB%A6%AC%ED%81%AC_%EC%95%85%EC%85%80_%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%BC%ED%8E%A0%ED%8A%B8" title="에리크 악셀 카를펠트">카를펠트</a></li> <li>1932: <a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B4_%EA%B3%A8%EC%A6%88%EC%9B%8C%EB%94%94" title="존 골즈워디">골즈워디</a></li> <li>1933: <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EB%B0%98_%EB%B6%80%EB%8B%8C" title="이반 부닌">부닌</a></li> <li>1934: <a href="/wiki/%EB%A3%A8%EC%9D%B4%EC%A7%80_%ED%94%BC%EB%9E%80%EB%8D%B8%EB%A1%9C" title="루이지 피란델로">피란델로</a></li> <li>1936: <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EC%A7%84_%EC%98%A4%EB%8B%90" title="유진 오닐">오닐</a></li> <li>1937: <a href="/wiki/%EB%A1%9C%EC%A0%9C_%EB%A7%88%EB%A5%B4%ED%83%B1%EB%92%A4%EA%B0%80%EB%A5%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="로제 마르탱뒤가르">마르탱뒤가르</a></li> <li>1938: <a href="/wiki/%ED%8E%84_S._%EB%B2%85" title="펄 S. 벅">벅</a></li> <li>1939: <a href="/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%9E%80%EC%8A%A4_%EC%97%90%EB%B0%80_%EC%8B%A4%EB%9E%80%ED%8C%A8" title="프란스 에밀 실란패">실란패</a></li> <li>1944: <a href="/wiki/%EC%9A%94%ED%95%98%EB%84%A4%EC%8A%A4_%EB%B9%8C%ED%97%AC%EB%A6%84_%EC%98%8C%EC%84%BC" title="요하네스 빌헬름 옌센">옌센</a></li> <li>1945: <a href="/wiki/%EA%B0%80%EB%B8%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%98%EB%9D%BC_%EB%AF%B8%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8%EB%9E%84" title="가브리엘라 미스트랄">가브리엘라 미스트랄</a></li> <li>1946: <a href="/wiki/%ED%97%A4%EB%A5%B4%EB%A7%8C_%ED%97%A4%EC%84%B8" title="헤르만 헤세">헤세</a></li> <li>1947: <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%99%EB%93%9C%EB%A0%88_%EC%A7%80%EB%93%9C" title="앙드레 지드">지드</a></li> <li>1948: <a href="/wiki/T._S._%EC%97%98%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%87" title="T. S. 엘리엇">엘리엇</a></li> <li>1949: <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%84_%ED%8F%AC%ED%81%AC%EB%84%88" title="윌리엄 포크너">포크너</a></li> <li>1950: <a href="/wiki/%EB%B2%84%ED%8A%B8%EB%9F%B0%EB%93%9C_%EB%9F%AC%EC%85%80" title="버트런드 러셀">러셀</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1951-1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1951: <a href="/wiki/%ED%8E%98%EB%A5%B4_%EB%9D%BC%EA%B2%8C%EB%A5%B4%ED%81%AC%EB%B9%84%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8" title="페르 라게르크비스트">라게르크비스트</a></li> <li>1952: <a href="/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%9E%91%EC%88%98%EC%95%84_%EB%AA%A8%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%84%ED%81%AC" title="프랑수아 모리아크">모리아크</a></li> <li>1953: <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%88%EC%8A%A4%ED%84%B4_%EC%B2%98%EC%B9%A0" title="윈스턴 처칠">처칠</a></li> <li>1954: <a href="/wiki/%EC%96%B4%EB%8B%88%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8_%ED%97%A4%EB%B0%8D%EC%9B%A8%EC%9D%B4" title="어니스트 헤밍웨이">헤밍웨이</a></li> <li>1955: <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%A0%EB%8F%84%EB%A5%B4_%EB%9D%BD%EC%8A%A4%EB%84%A4%EC%8A%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="할도르 락스네스">락스네스</a></li> <li>1956: <a href="/wiki/%ED%9B%84%EC%95%88_%EB%9D%BC%EB%AA%AC_%ED%9E%88%EB%A9%94%EB%84%A4%EC%8A%A4" title="후안 라몬 히메네스">히메네스</a></li> <li>1957: <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%8C%EB%B2%A0%EB%A5%B4_%EC%B9%B4%EB%AE%88" title="알베르 카뮈">카뮈</a></li> <li>1958: <a href="/wiki/%EB%B3%B4%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4_%ED%8C%8C%EC%8A%A4%ED%85%8C%EB%A5%B4%EB%82%98%ED%81%AC" title="보리스 파스테르나크">파스테르나크</a></li> <li>1959: <a href="/wiki/%EC%82%B4%EB%B0%94%ED%86%A0%EB%A0%88_%EC%BD%B0%EC%8B%9C%EB%AA%A8%EB%8F%84" title="살바토레 콰시모도">콰시모도</a></li> <li>1960: <a href="/wiki/%EC%83%9D%EC%A1%B4_%ED%8E%98%EB%A5%B4%EC%8A%A4" title="생존 페르스">페르스</a></li> <li>1961: <a href="/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EB%B3%B4_%EC%95%88%EB%93%9C%EB%A6%AC%EC%B9%98" title="이보 안드리치">안드리치</a></li> <li>1962: <a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B4_%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%80%EC%9D%B8%EB%B2%A1" title="존 스타인벡">스타인벡</a></li> <li>1963: <a href="/wiki/%EC%9A%94%EB%A5%B4%EA%B3%A0%EC%8A%A4_%EC%84%B8%ED%8E%98%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4" title="요르고스 세페리스">세페리스</a></li> <li>1964: <a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%A5%ED%8F%B4_%EC%82%AC%EB%A5%B4%ED%8A%B8%EB%A5%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="장폴 사르트르">사르트르</a> (수상 거부)</li> <li>1965: <a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%ED%95%98%EC%9D%BC_%EC%88%84%EB%A1%9C%ED%98%B8%ED%94%84" title="미하일 숄로호프">숄로호프</a></li> <li>1966: <a href="/wiki/%EC%8A%88%EB%AC%B4%EC%97%98_%EC%9A%94%EC%84%B8%ED%94%84_%EC%95%84%EA%B7%B8%EB%85%BC" title="슈무엘 요세프 아그논">아그논</a> / <a href="/wiki/%EB%84%AC%EB%A6%AC_%EC%9E%91%EC%8A%A4" title="넬리 작스">작스</a></li> <li>1967: <a href="/wiki/%EB%AF%B8%EA%B2%94_%EC%95%99%ED%97%AC_%EC%95%84%EC%8A%A4%ED%88%AC%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%84%EC%8A%A4" title="미겔 앙헬 아스투리아스">아스투리아스</a></li> <li>1968: <a href="/wiki/%EA%B0%80%EC%99%80%EB%B0%94%ED%83%80_%EC%95%BC%EC%8A%A4%EB%82%98%EB%A6%AC" title="가와바타 야스나리">가와바타</a></li> <li>1969: <a href="/wiki/%EC%82%AC%EB%AE%88%EC%97%98_%EB%B2%A0%EC%BC%80%ED%8A%B8" title="사뮈엘 베케트">베케트</a></li> <li>1970: <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%8C%EB%A0%89%EC%82%B0%EB%93%9C%EB%A5%B4_%EC%86%94%EC%A0%9C%EB%8B%88%EC%B9%9C" title="알렉산드르 솔제니친">솔제니친</a></li> <li>1971: <a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EB%B8%94%EB%A1%9C_%EB%84%A4%EB%A3%A8%EB%8B%A4" title="파블로 네루다">네루다</a></li> <li>1972: <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%98%EC%9D%B8%EB%A6%AC%ED%9E%88_%EB%B5%90" title="하인리히 뵐">뵐</a></li> <li>1973: <a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%A8%ED%8A%B8%EB%A6%AD_%ED%99%94%EC%9D%B4%ED%8A%B8" title="패트릭 화이트">화이트</a></li> <li>1974: <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%90%EC%9C%84%EB%B9%88%EB%93%9C_%EC%9A%98%EC%86%90" title="에위빈드 욘손">욘손</a> / <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%98%EB%A4%BC_%EB%A7%88%EB%A5%B4%ED%8B%B4%EC%86%90" title="하뤼 마르틴손">마르틴손</a></li> <li>1975: <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%90%EC%9A%B0%EC%A0%9C%EB%8B%88%EC%98%A4_%EB%AA%AC%ED%83%88%EB%A0%88" title="에우제니오 몬탈레">몬탈레</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1976-2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1976: <a href="/wiki/%EC%86%94_%EB%B2%A8%EB%A1%9C" title="솔 벨로">벨로</a></li> <li>1977: <a href="/wiki/%EB%B9%84%EC%84%BC%ED%85%8C_%EC%95%8C%EB%A0%88%EC%9D%B5%EC%82%B0%EB%93%9C%EB%A0%88" title="비센테 알레익산드레">알레익산드레</a></li> <li>1978: <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EC%9D%B4%EC%9E%91_%EB%B0%94%EC%85%B0%EB%B9%84%EC%8A%A4_%EC%8B%B1%EC%96%B4" title="아이작 바셰비스 싱어">싱어</a></li> <li>1979: <a href="/wiki/%EC%98%A4%EB%94%94%EC%84%B8%EC%95%84%EC%8A%A4_%EC%97%98%EB%A6%AC%ED%8B%B0%EC%8A%A4" title="오디세아스 엘리티스">엘리티스</a></li> <li>1980: <a href="/wiki/%EC%B2%B4%EC%8A%A4%EC%99%80%ED%94%84_%EB%AF%B8%EC%9B%8C%EC%8B%9C" title="체스와프 미워시">미워시</a></li> <li>1981: <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%98%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%84%EC%8A%A4_%EC%B9%B4%EB%84%A4%ED%8B%B0" title="엘리아스 카네티">카네티</a></li> <li>1982: <a href="/wiki/%EA%B0%80%EB%B8%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%98_%EA%B0%80%EB%A5%B4%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%84_%EB%A7%88%EB%A5%B4%EC%BC%80%EC%8A%A4" title="가브리엘 가르시아 마르케스">마르케스</a></li> <li>1983: <a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%84_%EA%B3%A8%EB%94%A9" title="윌리엄 골딩">골딩</a></li> <li>1984: <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%BC%EB%A1%9C%EC%8A%AC%EB%9D%BC%ED%94%84_%EC%82%AC%EC%9D%B4%ED%8E%98%EB%A5%B4%ED%8A%B8" title="야로슬라프 사이페르트">사이페르트</a></li> <li>1985: <a href="/wiki/%ED%81%B4%EB%A1%9C%EB%93%9C_%EC%8B%9C%EB%AA%BD" title="클로드 시몽">시몽</a></li> <li>1986: <a href="/wiki/%EC%9B%94%EB%A0%88_%EC%86%8C%EC%9E%89%EC%B9%B4" title="월레 소잉카">소잉카</a></li> <li>1987: <a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B0%EC%A7%80%ED%94%84_%EB%B8%8C%EB%A1%9C%EB%93%9C%EC%8A%A4%ED%82%A4" title="조지프 브로드스키">브로드스키</a></li> <li>1988: <a href="/wiki/%EB%82%98%EA%B8%B0%EB%B8%8C_%EB%A7%88%ED%91%B8%EC%A6%88" title="나기브 마푸즈">마푸즈</a></li> <li>1989: <a href="/wiki/%EC%B9%B4%EB%B0%80%EB%A1%9C_%ED%98%B8%EC%84%B8_%EC%85%80%EB%9D%BC" title="카밀로 호세 셀라">셀라</a></li> <li>1990: <a href="/wiki/%EC%98%A5%ED%83%80%EB%B9%84%EC%98%A4_%ED%8C%8C%EC%8A%A4" title="옥타비오 파스">파스</a></li> <li>1991: <a href="/wiki/%EB%84%A4%EC%9D%B4%EB%94%98_%EA%B3%A0%EB%94%94%EB%A8%B8" title="네이딘 고디머">고디머</a></li> <li>1992: <a href="/wiki/%EB%8D%B0%EB%A6%AD_%EC%9B%94%EC%BB%B7" title="데릭 월컷">월컷</a></li> <li>1993: <a href="/wiki/%ED%86%A0%EB%8B%88_%EB%AA%A8%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A8" title="토니 모리슨">모리슨</a></li> <li>1994: <a href="/wiki/%EC%98%A4%EC%97%90_%EA%B2%90%EC%9E%90%EB%B6%80%EB%A1%9C" title="오에 겐자부로">오에</a></li> <li>1995: <a href="/wiki/%EC%85%B0%EC%9D%B4%EB%A8%B8%EC%8A%A4_%ED%9E%88%EB%8B%88" title="셰이머스 히니">히니</a></li> <li>1996: <a href="/wiki/%EB%B9%84%EC%8A%A4%EC%99%80%EB%B0%94_%EC%8B%AC%EB%B3%B4%EB%A5%B4%EC%8A%A4%EC%B9%B4" title="비스와바 심보르스카">심보르스카</a></li> <li>1997: <a href="/wiki/%EB%8B%A4%EB%A6%AC%EC%98%A4_%ED%8F%AC" title="다리오 포">포</a></li> <li>1998: <a href="/wiki/%EC%A3%BC%EC%A0%9C_%EC%82%AC%EB%9D%BC%EB%A7%88%EA%B5%AC" title="주제 사라마구">사라마구</a></li> <li>1999: <a href="/wiki/%EA%B7%84%ED%84%B0_%EA%B7%B8%EB%9D%BC%EC%8A%A4" title="귄터 그라스">그라스</a></li> <li>2000: <a href="/wiki/%EA%B0%80%EC%98%A4%EC%8B%B1%EC%A0%A0" title="가오싱젠">가오싱젠</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001-</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>2001: <a href="/wiki/V._S._%EB%82%98%EC%9D%B4%ED%8F%B4" title="V. S. 나이폴">나이폴</a></li> <li>2002: <a href="/wiki/%EC%BC%80%EB%A5%B4%ED%85%8C%EC%8A%A4_%EC%9E%84%EB%A0%88" title="케르테스 임레">임레</a></li> <li>2003: <a href="/wiki/%EC%A1%B4_%EB%A7%A5%EC%8A%A4%EC%9B%B0_%EC%BF%B3%EC%8B%9C" title="존 맥스웰 쿳시">쿳시</a></li> <li>2004: <a href="/wiki/%EC%97%98%ED%94%84%EB%A6%AC%EB%8D%B0_%EC%98%90%EB%A6%AC%EB%84%A4%ED%81%AC" title="엘프리데 옐리네크">옐리네크</a></li> <li>2005: <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%B4%EB%9F%B4%EB%93%9C_%ED%95%80%ED%84%B0" title="해럴드 핀터">핀터</a></li> <li>2006: <a href="/wiki/%EC%98%A4%EB%A5%B4%ED%95%9C_%ED%8C%8C%EB%AC%B4%ED%81%AC" title="오르한 파무크">파무크</a></li> <li>2007: <a href="/wiki/%EB%8F%84%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4_%EB%A0%88%EC%8B%B1" title="도리스 레싱">레싱</a></li> <li>2008: <a href="/wiki/%EC%9E%A5%EB%A7%88%EB%A6%AC_%EA%B7%80%EC%8A%A4%ED%83%80%EB%B8%8C_%EB%A5%B4_%ED%81%B4%EB%A0%88%EC%A7%80%EC%98%A4" title="장마리 귀스타브 르 클레지오">르클레지오</a></li> <li>2009: <a href="/wiki/%ED%97%A4%EB%A5%B4%ED%83%80_%EB%AE%90%EB%9F%AC" title="헤르타 뮐러">뮐러</a></li> <li>2010: <a href="/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EB%A6%AC%EC%98%A4_%EB%B0%94%EB%A5%B4%EA%B0%80%EC%8A%A4_%EC%9A%94%EC%82%AC" title="마리오 바르가스 요사">요사</a></li> <li>2011: <a href="/wiki/%ED%86%A0%EB%A7%88%EC%8A%A4_%ED%8A%B8%EB%9E%80%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8%EB%A2%B0%EB%A9%94%EB%A5%B4" title="토마스 트란스트뢰메르">트란스트뢰메르</a></li> <li>2012: <a href="/wiki/%EB%AA%A8%EC%98%8C" title="모옌">모옌</a></li> <li>2013: <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%A8%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4_%EB%A8%BC%EB%A1%9C" title="앨리스 먼로">먼로</a></li> <li>2014: <a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%ED%8A%B8%EB%A6%AC%ED%81%AC_%EB%AA%A8%EB%94%94%EC%95%84%EB%85%B8" title="파트리크 모디아노">모디아노</a></li> <li>2015: <a href="/wiki/%EC%8A%A4%EB%B2%A0%ED%8B%80%EB%9D%BC%EB%82%98_%EC%95%8C%EB%A0%89%EC%8B%9C%EC%98%88%EB%B9%84%EC%B9%98" title="스베틀라나 알렉시예비치">알렉시예비치</a></li> <li>2016: <a href="/wiki/%EB%B0%A5_%EB%94%9C%EB%9F%B0" title="밥 딜런">딜런</a></li> <li>2017: <a href="/wiki/%EA%B0%80%EC%A6%88%EC%98%A4_%EC%9D%B4%EC%8B%9C%EA%B5%AC%EB%A1%9C" title="가즈오 이시구로">이시구로</a></li> <li>2018: <a href="/wiki/%EC%98%AC%EA%B0%80_%ED%86%A0%EC%B9%B4%EB%A5%B4%EC%B6%94%ED%81%AC" title="올가 토카르추크">토카르추크</a></li> <li>2019: <a href="/wiki/%ED%8E%98%ED%84%B0_%ED%95%9C%ED%8A%B8%EC%BC%80" title="페터 한트케">한트케</a></li> <li>2020: <a href="/wiki/%EB%A3%A8%EC%9D%B4%EC%A6%88_%EA%B8%80%EB%A6%AD" title="루이즈 글릭">글릭</a></li> <li>2021: <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%95%EB%91%98%EB%9D%BC%EC%9E%90%ED%81%AC_%EA%B5%AC%EB%A5%B4%EB%82%98" title="압둘라자크 구르나">구르나</a></li> <li>2022: <a href="/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%8B%88_%EC%97%90%EB%A5%B4%EB%85%B8" title="아니 에르노">에르노</a></li> <li>2023: <a href="/wiki/%EC%9A%98_%ED%8F%AC%EC%84%B8" title="욘 포세">포세</a></li> <li>2024: <a href="/wiki/%ED%95%9C%EA%B0%95_(%EC%9E%91%EA%B0%80)" title="한강 (작가)">한강</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36429174"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="←_1908년_노벨상_수상자_→" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r34311309"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-보기"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8B%80:1908%EB%85%84_%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8%EC%83%81_%EC%88%98%EC%83%81%EC%9E%90" title="틀:1908년 노벨상 수상자"><abbr title="이 틀을 보기" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-토론"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%ED%8B%80%ED%86%A0%EB%A1%A0:1908%EB%85%84_%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8%EC%83%81_%EC%88%98%EC%83%81%EC%9E%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="틀토론:1908년 노벨상 수상자 (없는 문서)"><abbr title="이 틀에 관해 토론하기" style=";;background:none 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class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EA%B0%80%EB%B8%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%98_%EB%A6%AC%ED%94%84%EB%A7%8C" title="가브리엘 리프만">가브리엘 리프만</a> (프랑스)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%BC:Nobel_Prize.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ko/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/80px-Nobel_Prize.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ko/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/120px-Nobel_Prize.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/ko/thumb/e/ed/Nobel_Prize.png/160px-Nobel_Prize.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="492" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8_%ED%99%94%ED%95%99%EC%83%81" title="노벨 화학상"> 화학상</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%96%B4%EB%8B%88%EC%8A%A4%ED%8A%B8_%EB%9F%AC%EB%8D%94%ED%8D%BC%EB%93%9C" title="어니스트 러더퍼드">어니스트 러더퍼드</a> (영국/뉴질랜드)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8_%EC%83%9D%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99%C2%B7%EC%9D%98%ED%95%99%EC%83%81" title="노벨 생리학·의학상">생리학·의학상</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%EC%97%98%EB%A6%AC_%EB%A9%94%EC%B9%98%EB%8B%88%EC%BD%94%ED%94%84" title="엘리 메치니코프">엘리 메치니코프</a> (러시아)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9A%B8_%EC%97%90%EB%A5%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%9E%88" title="파울 에를리히">파울 에를리히</a> (독일)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8_%EB%AC%B8%ED%95%99%EC%83%81" title="노벨 문학상">문학상</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">루돌프 크리스토프 오이켄</a> (독일)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%EB%85%B8%EB%B2%A8_%ED%8F%89%ED%99%94%EC%83%81" title="노벨 평화상">평화상</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%ED%81%B4%EB%9D%BC%EC%8A%A4_%ED%8F%B0%ED%88%AC%EC%8A%A4_%EC%95%84%EB%A5%B4%EB%86%80%EB%93%9C%EC%86%90" title="클라스 폰투스 아르놀드손">클라스 폰투스 아르놀드손</a> (스웨덴)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%A0%88%EB%93%9C%EB%A6%AC%ED%81%AC_%EB%B0%94%EC%98%88%EB%A5%B4" title="프레드리크 바예르">프레드리크 바예르</a> (덴마크)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36480591"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r36429174"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="전거_통제_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=위키데이터에서_편집하기&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47695#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;위키데이터에서_편집하기" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="전거_통제_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=위키데이터에서_편집하기&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47695#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;위키데이터에서_편집하기" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EC%A0%84%EA%B1%B0_%ED%86%B5%EC%A0%9C" title="위키백과:전거 통제">전거 통제</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47695#identifiers" title="위키데이터에서 편집하기"><img alt="위키데이터에서 편집하기" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">국제</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/309782/">FAST</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000110607111">ISNI</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/46845944">VIAF</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJgMFHtDcJhcHqyyMyRFrq">월드캣</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">국가</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90179074">노르웨이</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1182406">스페인</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12401443r">프랑스</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12401443r">BnF 데이터</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058515629206706">카탈루냐</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118682555">독일</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><abbr title="Eucken, Rudolf"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/RAVV044400">이탈리아</a></abbr></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007260799405171">이스라엘</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/14341492">벨기에</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no92021784">미국</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/ljx000g41hb4lh5">스웨덴</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00517768">일본</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=skuk0000369&CON_LNG=ENG">체코</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an36064595">오스트레일리아</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.nlg.gr/resource/authority/record157445">그리스</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC2018M3194">한국</a></span> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC199633753">2</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000366043&local_base=nsk10">크로아티아</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p069954658">네덜란드</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mak.bn.org.pl/cgi-bin/KHW/makwww.exe?BM=1&NU=1&IM=4&WI=9810662274905606">폴란드</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/58939">포르투갈</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/15816">바티칸</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">학술</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA0370796X?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/MRAuthorID/623807">MathSciNet</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mathgenealogy.org/id.php?id=28068">수학 계보 프로젝트</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=56838237500">Scopus</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zbmath.org/authors/?q=ai:eucken.rudolf">zbMATH</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">인물</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd118682555.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/612553">Trove</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">기타</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/fr/articles/047704">스위스 역사 사전</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w68h6463">SNAC</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/033115419">IdRef</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    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