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Άρνηση κουρδικής μειονότητας από την Τουρκία - Βικιπαίδεια
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vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#21ος_αιώνας"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>21ος αιώνας</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-21ος_αιώνας-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Παραπομπές" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Παραπομπές"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Παραπομπές</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Παραπομπές-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Περιεχόμενα" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" 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class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DA%A9%DB%86%DA%B5%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%86_%D9%84%DB%95_%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D9%84%DB%95%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%95%D9%86_%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="نکۆڵیکردن لە کورد لەلایەن تورکیا – Κεντρικά Κουρδικά" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="نکۆڵیکردن لە کورد لەلایەن تورکیا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Κεντρικά Κουρδικά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denial_of_Kurds_by_Turkey" title="Denial of Kurds by Turkey – Αγγλικά" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Denial of Kurds by Turkey" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Αγγλικά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%AF_%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%87%D8%A7_%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7_%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%87" title="انکار وجود کردها توسط ترکیه – Περσικά" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="انکار وجود کردها توسط ترکیه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Περσικά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penyangkalan_orang_Kurdi_oleh_Turki" title="Penyangkalan orang Kurdi oleh Turki – Ινδονησιακά" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Penyangkalan orang Kurdi oleh Turki" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Ινδονησιακά" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BCrkiye%27de_K%C3%BCrtlerin_ink%C3%A2r%C4%B1" title="Türkiye'de 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vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Εργαλεία" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Εργαλεία</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" 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href="/w/index.php?title=%CE%86%CF%81%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8C_%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD_%CE%A4%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%B1&action=edit" title="Επεξεργασία του πηγαίου κώδικα της σελίδας [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Επεξεργασία κώδικα</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%CE%86%CF%81%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8C_%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD_%CE%A4%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%B1&action=history"><span>Προβολή ιστορικού</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Γενικά </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li 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href="/w/index.php?title=%CE%86%CF%81%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8C_%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD_%CE%A4%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%B1&oldid=9965876" title="Μόνιμος σύνδεσμος προς αυτήν την αναθεώρηση αυτής της σελίδας"><span>Σταθερός σύνδεσμος</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%CE%86%CF%81%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8C_%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD_%CE%A4%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%B1&action=info" title="Περισσότερες πληροφορίες σχετικά με αυτήν τη σελίδα"><span>Πληροφορίες σελίδας</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%CE%95%CE%B9%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C:%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%AE%CE%91%CF%85%CF%84%CE%AE%CE%A4%CE%B7%CE%A3%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%B4%CE%B1&page=%CE%86%CF%81%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8C_%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD_%CE%A4%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%B1&id=9965876&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Πληροφορίες για το πώς να δημιουργήσετε παραπομπή αυτής της σελίδας"><span>Παραπομπή</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%CE%95%CE%B9%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fel.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25CE%2586%25CF%2581%25CE%25BD%25CE%25B7%25CF%2583%25CE%25B7_%25CE%25BA%25CE%25BF%25CF%2585%25CF%2581%25CE%25B4%25CE%25B9%25CE%25BA%25CE%25AE%25CF%2582_%25CE%25BC%25CE%25B5%25CE%25B9%25CE%25BF%25CE%25BD%25CF%258C%25CF%2584%25CE%25B7%25CF%2584%25CE%25B1%25CF%2582_%25CE%25B1%25CF%2580%25CF%258C_%25CF%2584%25CE%25B7%25CE%25BD_%25CE%25A4%25CE%25BF%25CF%2585%25CF%2581%25CE%25BA%25CE%25AF%25CE%25B1"><span>Λάβετε συντομευμένη διεύθυνση URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%CE%95%CE%B9%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fel.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25CE%2586%25CF%2581%25CE%25BD%25CE%25B7%25CF%2583%25CE%25B7_%25CE%25BA%25CE%25BF%25CF%2585%25CF%2581%25CE%25B4%25CE%25B9%25CE%25BA%25CE%25AE%25CF%2582_%25CE%25BC%25CE%25B5%25CE%25B9%25CE%25BF%25CE%25BD%25CF%258C%25CF%2584%25CE%25B7%25CF%2584%25CE%25B1%25CF%2582_%25CE%25B1%25CF%2580%25CF%258C_%25CF%2584%25CE%25B7%25CE%25BD_%25CE%25A4%25CE%25BF%25CF%2585%25CF%2581%25CE%25BA%25CE%25AF%25CE%25B1"><span>Λήψη κωδικού QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Εκτύπωση/εξαγωγή </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%CE%95%CE%B9%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C:%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%AE&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%CE%86%CF%81%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7+%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82+%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%82+%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8C+%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD+%CE%A4%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%B1"><span>Δημιουργία βιβλίου</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%CE%95%CE%B9%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C:DownloadAsPdf&page=%CE%86%CF%81%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8C_%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD_%CE%A4%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%B1&action=show-download-screen"><span>Κατέβασμα ως PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a 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<div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Εργαλεία σελίδων"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Εμφάνιση"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Εμφάνιση</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">μετακίνηση στην πλαϊνή μπάρα</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">απόκρυψη</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Από τη Βικιπαίδεια, την ελεύθερη εγκυκλοπαίδεια</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="el" dir="ltr"><p>Η <b>άρνηση της ύπαρξης Κουρδικής μειονότητας στα τουρκικά εδάφη</b> ήταν, για αρκετές δεκαετίες, η επίσημη κρατική πολιτική της <a href="/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Τουρκία">Τουρκίας</a>. <br /> Οι <a href="/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%BF%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%B9" title="Κούρδοι">Κούρδοι</a> που ζούσαν στην Τουρκία, αρχικά περιγράφονταν ως «Ορεινοί Τούρκοι», όρος που εφευρέθηκε από τον στρατηγό Αμπντουλλάχ Αλπντογάν (Abdullah Alpdoğan) και χρησιμοποιούνταν για να περιγράψει έναν λαό που ζούσε στα βουνά ο οποίος δεν μιλούσε τη δική τους γλώσσα αλλά μια τουρκική διάλεκτο.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ο Τεβφίκ Ρουστού Αράς (Tevfik Rüştü Aras), ο Τούρκος υπουργός Εξωτερικών μεταξύ του 1925 και του 1938, υπερασπίστηκε την ιδέα ότι οι Κούρδοι πρέπει να εξαφανιστούν όπως οι Ινδιάνοι στις <a href="/wiki/%CE%97%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%82_%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B5%CF%82" class="mw-redirect" title="Ηνωμένες Πολιτείες">Ηνωμένες Πολιτείες</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ο Καζίμ Καραμπεκίρ (Kâzim Karabekir), πρώην διοικητής του <a href="/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%82_%CE%A3%CF%84%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%84%CF%8C%CF%82_%CE%9E%CE%B7%CF%81%CE%AC%CF%82" title="Τουρκικός Στρατός Ξηράς">τουρκικού στρατού</a> κατά τη διάρκεια του <a href="/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%82_%CE%A0%CF%8C%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%91%CE%BD%CE%B5%CE%BE%CE%B1%CF%81%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Τουρκικός Πόλεμος της Ανεξαρτησίας">τουρκικού πολέμου της ανεξαρτησίας</a>, δήλωσε ότι οι Κούρδοι στο Ντερσίμ εξομοιώθηκαν στην πραγματικότητα με τους Τούρκους και θα πρέπει να θυμούνται την τουρκικότητά τους.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ο Μαχμούτ Εσάτ Μποζκούρτ, δήλωσε ότι δεν υπάρχει άλλο έθνος που θα μπορούσε να διεκδικήσει δικαιώματα στην Τουρκία από την τουρκική φυλή, και ότι το μόνο δικαίωμα που θα έχουν όλοι οι μη Τούρκοι είναι να είναι υπηρέτες ή σκλάβοι.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ο όρος «Ορεινός Τούρκος» χρησιμοποιούνταν συχνότερα το 1961 όταν ο Τούρκος πρόεδρος <a href="/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%B6%CE%B5%CE%BC%CE%AC%CE%BB_%CE%93%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CF%83%CE%AD%CE%BB" title="Τζεμάλ Γκιουρσέλ">Τζεμάλ Γκιουρσέλ</a> υποστήριξε μελέτες για να αποδείξει την τουρκικότητα των Κούρδων. Σε ένα βιβλίο του Μεχμέτ Σερίφ Φιράτ (Mehmet Şerif Fırat) στο οποίο ο Γκιουρσέλ έγραψε έναν πρόλογο, απαίτησε μελέτες που θα παρείχαν απόδειξη ενός γεγονότος που θα επιβεβαίωνε ότι οι Κούρδοι ήταν στην πραγματικότητα Ορεινοί Τούρκοι. Ο Γκιουρσέλ ήταν επίσης ο επικεφαλής του νεοσύστατου Τουρκικού Ινστιτούτου Πολιτιστικής Έρευνας (TKAE) που δημοσίευσε αρκετά βιβλία για το θέμα.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Κατά τη διάρκεια των δικών έναντι των Επαναστατικών Πολιτιστικών Ανατολικών Εστιών (DDKO) μετά το πραξικόπημα το 1971,<sup id="cite_ref-:1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> η εισαγγελία υποστήριξε ότι οι Κούρδοι στην πραγματικότητα δεν υπάρχουν και η γλώσσα τους ήταν στην πραγματικότητα διάλεκτος των Τουρκικών.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Επίσης, ο <a href="/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B5%CE%BD%CE%AC%CE%BD_%CE%95%CE%B2%CF%81%CE%AD%CE%BD" title="Κενάν Εβρέν">Κενάν Εβρέν</a>, ο αρχηγός της στρατιωτικής χούντας μετά το πραξικόπημα το 1980, αρνήθηκε την ύπαρξη κουρδικής εθνικότητας και ισχυρίστηκε ότι η λέξη Κούρδος προέκυψε από τον ήχο που έκανε το χιόνι αν κάποιος περπατούσε σε αυτό και περιόρισε τη χρήση της κουρδικής γλώσσα.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ο όρος «Ορεινός Τούρκος» αντικαταστάθηκε επίσημα με τον νέο ευφημισμό «Ανατολικός Τούρκος» το 1980.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="21ος_αιώνας"><span id="21.CE.BF.CF.82_.CE.B1.CE.B9.CF.8E.CE.BD.CE.B1.CF.82"></span>21ος αιώνας</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%CE%86%CF%81%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8C_%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD_%CE%A4%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%B1&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Επεξεργασία ενότητας: 21ος αιώνας" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Επεξεργασία</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%CE%86%CF%81%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8C_%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD_%CE%A4%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%B1&action=edit&section=1" title="Επεξεργαστείτε τον πηγαίο κώδικα της ενότητας: 21ος αιώνας"><span>επεξεργασία κώδικα</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Τον Μάρτιο του 2021 το τουρκικό Υπουργείο Εθνικής Παιδείας κυκλοφόρησε ένα σχολικό βιβλίο για την <a href="/wiki/%CE%95%CF%80%CE%B1%CF%81%CF%87%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%9D%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%AF%CF%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Επαρχία Ντιγιαρμπακίρ">Επαρχία Ντιγιαρμπακίρ</a> η οποία έχει κουρδική πλειοψηφία, στο οποίο δεν γίνεται καμία αναφορά στους Κούρδους ή στην <a href="/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B3%CE%BB%CF%8E%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1" title="Κουρδική γλώσσα">κουρδική γλώσσα</a>. Ισχυρίζεται επίσης ότι η γλώσσα που ομιλείται στην πόλη <a href="/wiki/%CE%9D%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%AF%CF%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Ντιγιαρμπακίρ">Ντιγιαρμπακίρ</a> είναι παρόμοια με την «<a href="/wiki/%CE%91%CE%B6%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B3%CE%BB%CF%8E%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1" title="Αζερική γλώσσα">αζερική τουρκική διάλεκτο</a>» που ομιλείται στο <a href="/wiki/%CE%9C%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%8D" title="Μπακού">Μπακού</a> του <a href="/wiki/%CE%91%CE%B6%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%B1%CF%8A%CF%84%CE%B6%CE%AC%CE%BD" title="Αζερμπαϊτζάν">Αζερμπαϊτζάν</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Τον Αύγουστο του 2021, οι αρχές άλλαξαν το όνομα ενός τζαμιού του 17ου αιώνα στο <a href="/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B9%CE%BB%CE%AF%CF%82" title="Κιλίς">Κιλίς</a> από «Τζαμί των Κούρδων» σε «Τζαμί των Τούρκων» προκαλώντας κριτική από την κουρδική κοινότητα.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Παραπομπές"><span id=".CE.A0.CE.B1.CF.81.CE.B1.CF.80.CE.BF.CE.BC.CF.80.CE.AD.CF.82"></span>Παραπομπές</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%CE%86%CF%81%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8C_%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD_%CE%A4%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%B1&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Επεξεργασία ενότητας: Παραπομπές" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Επεξεργασία</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%CE%86%CF%81%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8C_%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD_%CE%A4%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%B1&action=edit&section=2" title="Επεξεργαστείτε τον πηγαίο κώδικα της ενότητας: Παραπομπές"><span>επεξεργασία κώδικα</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:2-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:2_1-0">1,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:2_1-1">1,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:2_1-2">1,2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation Journal">Sagnic, Ceng. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://core.ac.uk/reader/36771618">«Mountain Turks: state ideology and the Kurds in Turkey»</a>. <i>SAGE Journal</i>: 128–130. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<span class="neverexpand"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1177%2F1468796818786307">10.1177/1468796818786307</a></span><span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://core.ac.uk/reader/36771618">https://core.ac.uk/reader/36771618</a></span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Mountain+Turks%3A+state+ideology+and+the+Kurds+in+Turkey&rft.jtitle=SAGE+Journal&rft.aulast=Sagnic&rft.aufirst=Ceng&rft.au=Sagnic%2C%26%2332%3BCeng&rft.pages=128%E2%80%93130&rft_id=info:doi/10.1177%2F1468796818786307&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcore.ac.uk%2Freader%2F36771618&rfr_id=info:sid/el.wikipedia.org:%CE%86%CF%81%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8C_%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD_%CE%A4%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%B1"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Yilmaz, Özcan (26 Νοεμβρίου 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=D0kbCwAAQBAJ&q=Edip+Sonmez+from+batman&pg=PA130"><i>La formation de la nation kurde en Turquie</i></a> (στα Γαλλικά). Graduate Institute Publications. σελ. 66. <a href="/wiki/%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%B5%CE%B8%CE%BD%CE%AE%CF%82_%CF%80%CF%81%CF%8C%CF%84%CF%85%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B8%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82_%CE%B2%CE%B9%CE%B2%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%85" title="Διεθνής πρότυπος αριθμός βιβλίου">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%CE%95%CE%B9%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C:%CE%A0%CE%B7%CE%B3%CE%AD%CF%82%CE%92%CE%B9%CE%B2%CE%BB%CE%AF%CF%89%CE%BD/978-2-940503179" title="Ειδικό:ΠηγέςΒιβλίων/978-2-940503179">978-2-940503179</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+formation+de+la+nation+kurde+en+Turquie&rft.pages=66&rft.pub=Graduate+Institute+Publications&rft.date=2015-11-26&rft.isbn=978-2-940503179&rft.aulast=Yilmaz&rft.aufirst=%C3%96zcan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DD0kbCwAAQBAJ%26q%3DEdip%2BSonmez%2Bfrom%2Bbatman%26pg%3DPA130&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fel.wikipedia.org%3A%CE%86%CF%81%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7+%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82+%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%82+%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8C+%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD+%CE%A4%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%B1" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Bayir, Derya (22 Απριλίου 2016). <i>Minorities and Nationalism in Turkish Law</i> (στα Αγγλικά). Routledge. σελ. 134. <a href="/wiki/%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%B5%CE%B8%CE%BD%CE%AE%CF%82_%CF%80%CF%81%CF%8C%CF%84%CF%85%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B8%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82_%CE%B2%CE%B9%CE%B2%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%85" title="Διεθνής πρότυπος αριθμός βιβλίου">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%CE%95%CE%B9%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C:%CE%A0%CE%B7%CE%B3%CE%AD%CF%82%CE%92%CE%B9%CE%B2%CE%BB%CE%AF%CF%89%CE%BD/978-1-317-09579-8" title="Ειδικό:ΠηγέςΒιβλίων/978-1-317-09579-8">978-1-317-09579-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Minorities+and+Nationalism+in+Turkish+Law&rft.pages=134&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2016-04-22&rft.isbn=978-1-317-09579-8&rft.aulast=Bayir&rft.aufirst=Derya&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fel.wikipedia.org%3A%CE%86%CF%81%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7+%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82+%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%82+%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8C+%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD+%CE%A4%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%B1" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-:1_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Beşikçi, İsmail (2004). <i>International Colony Kurdistan</i> (στα Αγγλικά). Parvana. σελίδες 84–88. <a href="/wiki/%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%B5%CE%B8%CE%BD%CE%AE%CF%82_%CF%80%CF%81%CF%8C%CF%84%CF%85%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B8%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82_%CE%B2%CE%B9%CE%B2%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%85" title="Διεθνής πρότυπος αριθμός βιβλίου">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%CE%95%CE%B9%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C:%CE%A0%CE%B7%CE%B3%CE%AD%CF%82%CE%92%CE%B9%CE%B2%CE%BB%CE%AF%CF%89%CE%BD/978-1-903656-31-0" title="Ειδικό:ΠηγέςΒιβλίων/978-1-903656-31-0">978-1-903656-31-0</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=International+Colony+Kurdistan&rft.pages=84-88&rft.pub=Parvana&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-1-903656-31-0&rft.aulast=Be%C5%9Fik%C3%A7i&rft.aufirst=%C4%B0smail&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fel.wikipedia.org%3A%CE%86%CF%81%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7+%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82+%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%82+%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8C+%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD+%CE%A4%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%B1" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-:0_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Orhan, Mehmet (16 Οκτωβρίου 2015). <i>Political Violence and Kurds in Turkey: Fragmentations, Mobilizations, Participations & Repertoires</i> (στα Αγγλικά). Routledge. σελ. 40. <a href="/wiki/%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%B5%CE%B8%CE%BD%CE%AE%CF%82_%CF%80%CF%81%CF%8C%CF%84%CF%85%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B8%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82_%CE%B2%CE%B9%CE%B2%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%85" title="Διεθνής πρότυπος αριθμός βιβλίου">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/%CE%95%CE%B9%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C:%CE%A0%CE%B7%CE%B3%CE%AD%CF%82%CE%92%CE%B9%CE%B2%CE%BB%CE%AF%CF%89%CE%BD/978-1-317-42044-6" title="Ειδικό:ΠηγέςΒιβλίων/978-1-317-42044-6">978-1-317-42044-6</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Political+Violence+and+Kurds+in+Turkey%3A+Fragmentations%2C+Mobilizations%2C+Participations+%26+Repertoires&rft.pages=40&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2015-10-16&rft.isbn=978-1-317-42044-6&rft.aulast=Orhan&rft.aufirst=Mehmet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fel.wikipedia.org%3A%CE%86%CF%81%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7+%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82+%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%82+%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8C+%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD+%CE%A4%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%B1" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation news">Jones, Gareth (2007-03-05). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201217113009/https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSL02262977">«Turkey's ex-president Evren probed for Kurd remarks»</a>. <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a>. Αρχειοθετήθηκε από <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSL02262977">το πρωτότυπο</a> στις 2020-12-17<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201217113009/https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSL02262977">https://web.archive.org/web/20201217113009/https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSL02262977</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Ανακτήθηκε στις 2020-12-22</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.btitle=Turkey%27s+ex-president+Evren+probed+for+Kurd+remarks&rft.atitle=&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=Gareth&rft.au=Jones%2C%26%2332%3BGareth&rft.date=2007-03-05&rft.series=%5B%5BReuters%5D%5D&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20201217113009%2Fhttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2FidUSL02262977&rfr_id=info:sid/el.wikipedia.org:%CE%86%CF%81%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8C_%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD_%CE%A4%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%B1"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://countrystudies.us/turkey/26.htm">«Turkey - Linguistic and Ethnic Groups»</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Turkey+-+Linguistic+and+Ethnic+Groups&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcountrystudies.us%2Fturkey%2F26.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fel.wikipedia.org%3A%CE%86%CF%81%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7+%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82+%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%82+%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8C+%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD+%CE%A4%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%B1" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bianet.org/english/education/241080-baku-turkish-spoken-in-kurdish-majority-diyarbakir-according-to-ministry">«<span style="padding-left:0.2em;">'</span>Baku Turkish' spoken in Kurdish-majority Diyarbakır, according to Ministry»</a>. <i>Bianet - Bagimsiz Iletisim Agi</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Ανακτήθηκε στις 19 Μαρτίου 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bianet+-+Bagimsiz+Iletisim+Agi&rft.atitle=%27Baku+Turkish%27+spoken+in+Kurdish-majority+Diyarbak%C4%B1r%2C+according+to+Ministry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bianet.org%2Fenglish%2Feducation%2F241080-baku-turkish-spoken-in-kurdish-majority-diyarbakir-according-to-ministry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fel.wikipedia.org%3A%CE%86%CF%81%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7+%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82+%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%82+%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8C+%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD+%CE%A4%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%B1" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210822122551/https://ahvalnews.com/kurds/kurds-mosque-changed-turks-mosque-due-restoration-says-govt">«'Kurds Mosque' changed to 'Turks Mosque' due to restoration, says gov't»</a>. <i>Ahval</i>. 2021-08-15. Αρχειοθετήθηκε από <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ahvalnews.com/kurds/kurds-mosque-changed-turks-mosque-due-restoration-says-govt">το πρωτότυπο</a> στις 2021-08-22<span class="printonly">. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210822122551/https://ahvalnews.com/kurds/kurds-mosque-changed-turks-mosque-due-restoration-says-govt">https://web.archive.org/web/20210822122551/https://ahvalnews.com/kurds/kurds-mosque-changed-turks-mosque-due-restoration-says-govt</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Ανακτήθηκε στις 2021-08-22</span>.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%27Kurds+Mosque%27+changed+to+%27Turks+Mosque%27+due+to+restoration%2C+says+gov%27t&rft.jtitle=Ahval&rft.date=2021-08-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20210822122551%2Fhttps%3A%2F%2Fahvalnews.com%2Fkurds%2Fkurds-mosque-changed-turks-mosque-due-restoration-says-govt&rfr_id=info:sid/el.wikipedia.org:%CE%86%CF%81%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%B7_%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82_%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BD%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%B1%CF%80%CF%8C_%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BD_%CE%A4%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%B1"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐647f8b45db‐dzrp7 Cached time: 20241118204810 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.121 seconds Real time usage: 0.169 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1994/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 29394/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 6357/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 14/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 14687/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.039/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 2537824/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 129.242 1 -total 60.43% 78.099 4 Πρότυπο:Cite_book 18.78% 24.277 3 Πρότυπο:Citation/core 15.59% 20.151 1 Πρότυπο:Cite_journal 12.61% 16.298 2 Πρότυπο:Cite_web 10.63% 13.735 2 Πρότυπο:Cite_news 2.49% 3.219 5 Πρότυπο:Citation/make_link --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key elwiki:pcache:idhash:713875-0!canonical and timestamp 20241118204810 and revision id 9965876. 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