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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br/><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Internet2%22">"Internet2"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Internet2%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Internet2%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Internet2%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Internet2%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Internet2%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2010</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this template message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this template message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1066479718">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Internet2</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Internet2_logo.svg" class="image"><img alt="Internet2 logo.svg" src="//web.archive.org/web/20220716000144im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8d/Internet2_logo.svg/220px-Internet2_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" srcset="//web.archive.org/web/20220716000144im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8d/Internet2_logo.svg/330px-Internet2_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //web.archive.org/web/20220716000144im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8d/Internet2_logo.svg/440px-Internet2_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="126" data-file-height="94"/></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Formation</th><td class="infobox-data note">1997 (as University Corporation for Advanced Internet Development)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Purpose</th><td class="infobox-data">Research and testing network</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ann_Arbor" class="mw-redirect" title="Ann Arbor">Ann Arbor</a>, <a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a>, <a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/US" class="mw-redirect" title="US">US</a><sup id="cite_ref-Contact_Us_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Contact_Us-1">[1]</a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.6em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/http://internet2.edu/">internet2<wbr/>.edu</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Internet2</b> is a not-for-profit United States <a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_network" title="Computer network">computer networking</a> <a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consortium" title="Consortium">consortium</a> led by members from the research and education communities, industry, and government.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></sup> The Internet2 consortium administrative headquarters are located in <a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ann_Arbor,_Michigan" title="Ann Arbor, Michigan">Ann Arbor</a>, <a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a>, with offices in <a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> and <a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emeryville,_California" title="Emeryville, California">Emeryville</a>, <a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Contact_Us_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Contact_Us-1">[1]</a></sup> </p><p>As of November 2013, Internet2 has over 500 members including 251 institutions of higher education,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></sup> 9 partners and 76 members from industry,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a></sup> over 100 research and education networks or connector organizations,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a></sup> and 67 affiliate members.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a></sup> </p><p>Internet2 operates the Internet2 Network,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a></sup> an <a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_Protocol" title="Internet Protocol">Internet Protocol</a> network using <a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_fiber" title="Optical fiber">optical fiber</a> that delivers network services for research and education, and provides a secure network testing and research environment. In late 2007, Internet2 began operating its newest <a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_circuit_network" title="Dynamic circuit network">dynamic circuit network</a>, the Internet2 DCN, an advanced technology that allows user-based allocation of data circuits over the fiber-optic network. </p><p>The Internet2 Network, through its regional network and connector members, connects over 60,000 U.S. educational, research, government and "community anchor" institutions, from primary and secondary schools to community colleges and universities, public libraries and museums to health care organizations.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a></sup> </p><p>The Internet2 community develops and deploys network technologies for the future of the Internet. These technologies include large-scale network performance measurement and management tools,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a></sup> secure identity and access management tools<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a></sup> and capabilities such as scheduling high-bandwidth, high-performance circuits.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a></sup> </p><p>Internet2 members serve on several advisory councils,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a></sup> collaborate in a variety of working groups and special interest groups,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a></sup> gather at spring and fall member meetings,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a></sup> and are encouraged to participate in the strategic planning process.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a></sup> </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"/><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#History"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">History</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Objectives"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Objectives</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Achievements"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Achievements</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#Application_awards"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Application awards</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#Further_reading"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Further reading</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="History">History</span></h2> <p>As the <a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a> gained in public recognition and popularity, universities were among the first institutions to outgrow the Internet's bandwidth limitations because of the data transfer requirements faced by academic researchers who needed to collaborate with their colleagues. Some universities wanted to support high-performance applications like data mining, medical imaging and particle physics. This resulted in the creation of the very-high-performance Backbone Network Service, or <a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VBNS" class="mw-redirect" title="VBNS">vBNS</a>, developed in 1995 by the <a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Science_Foundation" title="National Science Foundation">National Science Foundation</a> (NSF) and <a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MCI_Communications" title="MCI Communications">MCI</a> for supercomputers at educational institutions. After the expiration of the NSF agreement, vBNS largely transitioned to providing service to the government. As a result, the research and education community founded Internet2 to serve its networking needs. </p><p>The Internet2 Project was originally established by 34 university researchers in 1996 under the auspices of EDUCOM (later <a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EDUCAUSE" class="mw-redirect" title="EDUCAUSE">EDUCAUSE</a>), and was formally organized as the not-for-profit University Corporation for Advanced Internet Development (UCAID) in 1997. It later changed its name to Internet2. Internet2 is a registered trademark.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a></sup> </p><p>The Internet2 community, in partnership with <a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qwest" title="Qwest">Qwest</a>, built the first Internet2 Network, called <a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene_Network" title="Abilene Network">Abilene</a>, in 1998 and was a prime investor in the <a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_LambdaRail" title="National LambdaRail">National LambdaRail</a> (NLR) project.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a></sup> During 2004–2006, Internet2 and NLR held extensive discussions regarding a possible merger.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a></sup> Those talks paused in spring, 2006, resumed in March, 2007, but eventually ceased in the fall of 2007,<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a></sup> due to unresolved differences. </p><p>In 2006, Internet2 announced a partnership with <a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Level_3_Communications" title="Level 3 Communications">Level 3 Communications</a> to launch a brand new nationwide network, boosting its capacity from 10 Gbit/s to 100 Gbit/s.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a></sup> In October, 2007, Internet2 officially retired Abilene and now refers to its new, higher capacity network as the Internet2 Network. </p><p>In 2010, Internet2 received a $62.5 million American Recovery and Reinvestment ACT grant,<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a></sup> which allowed Internet2 to put in place a long term IRU for fiber and upgrade the network with its own <a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DWDM" class="mw-redirect" title="DWDM">DWDM</a> optical network system. Ciena later announced that this was the first 100G nationwide optical network.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a></sup> The upgrade to the new optical system was completed in December 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a></sup> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Objectives">Objectives</span></h2> <p>Internet2 provides the U.S. research and education community with a network that satisfies their bandwidth-intensive requirements. The network itself is a dynamic, robust and cost-effective hybrid optical and packet network. It furnishes a 100 Gbit/s network backbone to more than 210 U.S. educational institutions, 70 corporations and 45 non-profit and government agencies. </p><p>The objectives of the Internet2 consortium are: </p> <ul><li>Developing and maintaining a leading-edge network.</li> <li>Fully exploiting the capabilities of broadband connections through the use of new-generation applications.</li> <li>Transferring new network services and applications to all levels of educational use, and eventually the broader Internet community.</li></ul> <p>The uses of the network span from collaborative applications, distributed research experiments, grid-based data analysis to social networking. Some of these applications are in varying levels of commercialization, such as <a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPv6" title="IPv6">IPv6</a>, open-source middleware for secure network access, Layer 2 VPNs and <a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamic_circuit_network" title="Dynamic circuit network">dynamic circuit networks</a>. </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Achievements">Achievements</span></h2> <p>These technologies and their organizational counterparts were not only created to make a faster alternative to the Internet. Many fields have been able to use the Abilene network to foster creativity, research, and development in a way that was not previously possible. Users of poor quality libraries can now download not only text but sound recordings, animations, videos, and other resources, which would be otherwise unavailable. Another application is the robust video conferencing now available to Internet2 participants. Neurosurgeons can now video conference with other experts in the field during an operation in a high resolution format with no apparent time lag.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Application_awards">Application awards</span></h2> <p>The <i>Internet2 Driving Exemplary Applications</i> (IDEA) award (not to be confused with <a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IDEA_awards" class="mw-redirect" title="IDEA awards">IDEA awards</a>) was first announced by Internet2 in 2006 as a way of recognizing those who create and use advanced network applications at their best.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a></sup> The judging is conducted by many universities and based upon the following criteria: </p> <ul><li>Magnitude of the positive impact of the application for its (current) users</li> <li>Technical merit of the application.</li> <li>Breadth of impact, as indicated by current user base and likelihood of broader adoption by its full natural community of potential users</li></ul> <p>Winners of the award are announced each year at the Spring member meeting: 2006,<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a></sup> 2007,<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a></sup> 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a></sup> </p> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="See_also">See also</span></h2> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r998391716">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AARNet" title="AARNet">AARNet</a> (Australia's Academic and Research Network)</li> <li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CANARIE" title="CANARIE">CANARIE</a> (Canadian Network for the Advancement of Research, Industry and Education)</li> <li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CERNET" title="CERNET">CERNET</a> (China Education and Research Network)</li> <li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CLARA" class="mw-redirect" title="CLARA">CLARA</a> (Cooperación Latino Americana de Redes Avanzandas)</li> <li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deutsches_Forschungsnetz" title="Deutsches Forschungsnetz">DFN</a> (Deutsches Forschungsnetz), a German research network</li> <li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defense_Research_and_Engineering_Network" class="mw-redirect" title="Defense Research and Engineering Network">DREN</a>, U.S. Department of Defense Research and Engineering Network</li> <li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_Sciences_Network" title="Energy Sciences Network">ESnet</a> (Energy Sciences Network)</li> <li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%89ANT" title="GÉANT">GÉANT</a>, the pan-European research network</li> <li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HEAnet" title="HEAnet">HEAnet</a>, Irish higher education network</li> <li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JANET" title="JANET">JANET</a>, British academic network</li> <li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kennisnet" title="Kennisnet">Kennisnet</a>, Dutch public Internet organization</li> <li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lanka_Education_and_Research_Network" title="Lanka Education and Research Network">LEARN</a> (Lanka Education and Research Network)</li> <li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merit_Network" title="Merit Network">Merit Network</a>, State of Michigan Triad Network</li> <li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_LambdaRail" title="National LambdaRail">NLR</a> (National LambdaRail), U.S. research and education network</li> <li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naukowa_i_Akademicka_Sie%C4%87_Komputerowa" title="Naukowa i Akademicka Sieć Komputerowa">NASK</a>, Polish academic and research network</li> <li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NORDUnet" title="NORDUnet">NORDUnet</a> (Nordic Infrastructure for Research & Education)</li> <li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renater" title="Renater">Renater</a>, French research network</li> <li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SURFnet" title="SURFnet">SURFnet</a>, Dutch research network</li> <li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TERENA" title="TERENA">TERENA</a>, defunct association of European national research and education networks</li></ul></div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="References">References</span></h2> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1011085734">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Contact_Us-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Contact_Us_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Contact_Us_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1067248974">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//web.archive.org/web/20220716000144im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//web.archive.org/web/20220716000144im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//web.archive.org/web/20220716000144im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//web.archive.org/web/20220716000144im_/https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/http://www.internet2.edu/about-us/contact-us/">"Contact Us - Internet2"</a>. Internet2<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-11-14</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Contact+Us+-+Internet2&rft.pub=Internet2&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.internet2.edu%2Fabout-us%2Fcontact-us%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet2" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/http://internet2.edu/about">"About Internet2"</a>, Retrieved on 2009-06-26</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/http://members.internet2.edu/university/universities.cfm">"Internet2 University Members List"</a>, Retrieved on 2013-11-14</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/http://members.internet2.edu/corporate/corporate.cfm">"Internet2 Corporate Members"</a>, Retrieved on 2013-11-14</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/http://www.internet2.edu/communities-groups/members/research-education-networks/">"Internet2 members: Research & Education Networks"</a>, Retrieved on 2013-11-14</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/http://www.internet2.edu/communities-groups/groups/">"Internet2 members: Communities & Groups"</a>, Retrieved on 2013-11-14</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/http://members.internet2.edu/affiliate/affiliates.cfm">"Internet2 Affiliate Members List"</a>, Retrieved on 2013-11-14</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/http://www.internet2.edu/network/">"Internet2 Network"</a>, Retrieved on 2009-06-26</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/http://k20.internet2.edu/connectivity">"Internet2 K20 Connectivity Data"</a>, Retrieved on 2009-06-26</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/http://www.internet2.edu/performance/">"Internet2 Performance Initiative"</a>, Retrieved on 2009-06-26</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/http://security.internet2.edu/">"Internet2 Security Directory and Related Links"</a>, Retrieved on 2009-06-26</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/http://www.internet2.edu/network/dc/">"Internet2 Dynamic Circuit Network"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/https://web.archive.org/web/20100224043539/http://www.internet2.edu/network/dc/">Archived</a> 2010-02-24 at the <a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Retrieved on 2009-06-26</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/http://www.internet2.edu/governance/advisorycouncils.html">"Internet2 Advisory Councils"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/https://web.archive.org/web/20090312012949/http://www.internet2.edu/governance/advisorycouncils.html">Archived</a> 2009-03-12 at the <a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Retrieved on 2009-06-26</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/http://www.internet2.edu/wg/wg-list.html">"Internet2 Working Groups, SIGs, and Advisory Groups"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/https://web.archive.org/web/20100206022549/http://www.internet2.edu/wg/wg-list.html">Archived</a> 2010-02-06 at the <a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Retrieved on 2009-06-26</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/http://www.internet2.edu/meetings/">"Internet2 Member Meetings"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/https://web.archive.org/web/20090813013302/http://www.internet2.edu/meetings/">Archived</a> 2009-08-13 at the <a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Retrieved on 2009-06-26</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/http://www.internet2.edu/strategicplanning/">"Internet2 Strategic Planning"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/https://web.archive.org/web/20090312071256/http://www.internet2.edu/strategicplanning/">Archived</a> 2009-03-12 at the <a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Retrieved on 2009-06-26</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/http://www.internet2.edu/termsofuse.html">"Internet2 - Terms of Use"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/https://web.archive.org/web/20061020085946/http://www.internet2.edu/termsofuse.html">Archived</a> 2006-10-20 at the <a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Internet2.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/http://news.cnet.com/Optical%20networking%20The%20next%20generation/2100-1033-5403589.html?part=dht&tag=ntop&tag=nl.e703">"Optical networking: The next generation - CNET News.com, By Marguerite Reardon (Staff Writer), Published October 11, 2004 4:00 AM PDT</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/http://www.osc.edu/press/releases/2005/lambda.shtml">"Internet2, National Lambda Rail, In Merger Talks (July 18, 2005)"</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/https://web.archive.org/web/20080327142035/http://www.internet2-nlr.org/">Internate archive of now defunct www.internet2-nlr.org site)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/https://www.usatoday.com/tech/news/techinnovations/2007-10-11-faster-internet2_N.htm">"Speedy Internet2 gets 10x boost - USAToday.com, By Anick Jesdanun (AP Internet Writer), Published October 11, 2007 8:16 AM"</a>, Retrieved on 2009-06-26</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/https://www2.ntia.doc.gov/grantee/university-corporation-for-advanced-internet-development">https://www2.ntia.doc.gov/grantee/university-corporation-for-advanced-internet-development</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/https://www.ciena.com/insights/case-studies/Internet2-Building-Americas-First-National-100G-Network.html">"Internet2: Building America's First National 100G Network - Ciena"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Internet2%3A+Building+America%27s+First+National+100G+Network+-+Ciena&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ciena.com%2Finsights%2Fcase-studies%2FInternet2-Building-Americas-First-National-100G-Network.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet2" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/https://www.internet2.edu/blogs/detail/4630">"Internet2 Community's New Owned Optical Infrastructure Fully Deployed | Internet2 Blogs"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Internet2+Community%27s+New+Owned+Optical+Infrastructure+Fully+Deployed+%26%23124%3B+Internet2+Blogs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.internet2.edu%2Fblogs%2Fdetail%2F4630&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet2" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/http://www.internet2.edu/idea/">Internet2 IDEA Awards </a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/https://web.archive.org/web/20080605211341/http://www.internet2.edu/idea/">Archived</a> 2008-06-05 at the <a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/https://web.archive.org/web/20080512022245/http://www.internet2.edu/idea/2006/">"IDEA Award Winners 2006"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/http://www.internet2.edu/idea/2006/">the original</a> on 2008-05-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-06-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=IDEA+Award+Winners+2006&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.internet2.edu%2Fidea%2F2006%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet2" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/https://web.archive.org/web/20080829163910/http://www.internet2.edu/idea/2007/index.html">"IDEA Award Winners 2007"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/http://www.internet2.edu/idea/2007/index.html">the original</a> on 2008-08-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-06-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=IDEA+Award+Winners+2007&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.internet2.edu%2Fidea%2F2007%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet2" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1067248974"/><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/https://web.archive.org/web/20080514004035/http://www.internet2.edu/idea/2008/">"IDEA Award Winners 2008"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/http://www.internet2.edu/idea/2008/">the original</a> on 2008-05-14<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-06-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=IDEA+Award+Winners+2008&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.internet2.edu%2Fidea%2F2008%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AInternet2" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="Further_reading">Further reading</span></h2> <ul><li>Barnes, Christopher, and Terresa E. Jackson . <i>INTERNET2: The Backbone of the Future</i>. Brooks Air Force Base, Tex.: Air Force Research Laboratory, 2002. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA406627">http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA406627</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged July 2022">permanent dead link</span></a></i>]</span></sup> (9 February 2007).</li> <li>Grush, Mary, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/https://campustechnology.com/Articles/2021/12/13/Internet2-Extending-Identity-and-Access-Around-the-Globe-with-InCommon.aspx?Page=1">Internet2: Extending Identity and Access Around the Globe with InCommon.</a>" CampusTechnology, December 13, 2021</li> <li>Matlis, Jan. "Internet2." Computerworld, 28 August 2006, 30.</li> <li>Moschovitis, Christos, Hilary Poole, Tami Schuyler, and Theresa M. Senft. <i>History of the Internet: A Chronology, 1843 to the Present</i>. Santa Barbara, Cal.: ABC-CLIO, 1999.</li> <li>Van Houweling, Douglas and Ted Hanss, "Internet2: The Promise of Truly Advanced Broadband," in The Broadband Explosion, R. Austin and S. Bradley, Editors, Harvard Business School Press, 2005.</li></ul> <h2><span class="mw-headline" id="External_links">External links</span></h2> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/http://www.internet2.edu/">Internet2's homepage</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/http://www.internetnews.com/infra/article.php/3403161">Internetnews.com: Scientists Set Internet2 Speed Record</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/http://www.qwest.com/about/qwest/internet2/faqs.html">Internet2 FAQs, from Qwest</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/http://beryl.cse.ucsc.edu/video/Distinguished_Lectures/Houweling2_4.wmv">Internet2 Talk:The Development of the Internet, Implications for our Future, by Douglas E Van Houweling PhD, President and CEO of Internet2, Feb 4th, 2009 at the University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California USA</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged November 2017">permanent dead link</span></a></i>]</span></sup></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1061467846">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 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.navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Research_and_education_computer_networks_in_the_Americas" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1063604349">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:American_research_and_education_networks" title="Template:American research and education networks"><abbr title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template_talk:American_research_and_education_networks" title="Template talk:American research and education networks"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:American_research_and_education_networks&action=edit"><abbr title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;box-shadow:none;padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Research_and_education_computer_networks_in_the_Americas" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Research and education computer networks in the Americas</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_research_and_education_network" title="National research and education network">National</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Brazil:</b> <a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rede_Nacional_de_Ensino_e_Pesquisa" title="Rede Nacional de Ensino e Pesquisa">RNP</a></li> <li><b>Canada:</b> <a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CANARIE" title="CANARIE">CANARIE</a></li> <li><b>Mexico:</b> <a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CUDI" title="CUDI">CUDI</a></li> <li><b>Latin America:</b> <a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RedCLARA" title="RedCLARA">RedCLARA</a></li> <li><b>USA:</b> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Internet2</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energy_Sciences_Network" title="Energy Sciences Network">ESnet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subnational</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Canada</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ACORN-NS" title="ACORN-NS">ACORN-NS</a> (<a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nova_Scotia" title="Nova Scotia">NS</a>)</li> <li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cybera" title="Cybera">Cybera</a> (<a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alberta" title="Alberta">AB</a>)</li> <li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ORION_(research_and_education_network)" title="ORION (research and education network)">ORION</a> (<a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">ON</a>)</li> <li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9seau_d%27informations_scientifiques_du_Qu%C3%A9bec" title="Réseau d'informations scientifiques du Québec">RISQ</a> (<a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">QC</a>)</li> <li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saskatchewan_Research_Network" title="Saskatchewan Research Network">SRNet</a> (<a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saskatchewan" title="Saskatchewan">SK</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">United States</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corporation_for_Education_Network_Initiatives_in_California" title="Corporation for Education Network Initiatives in California">CalREN</a> (<a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California" title="California">CA</a>)</li> <li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connecticut_Education_Network" title="Connecticut Education Network">CEN</a> (<a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">CT</a>)</li> <li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illinois_Century_Network" class="mw-redirect" title="Illinois Century Network">ICN</a> (<a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">IL</a>)</li> <li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merit_Network" title="Merit Network">Merit Network</a> (<a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">MI</a>)</li> <li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NYSERNet" title="NYSERNet">NYSERNet</a> (<a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">NY</a>)</li> <li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OARnet" title="OARnet">OARnet</a> (<a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohio" title="Ohio">OH</a>)</li> <li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OSHEAN" title="OSHEAN">OSHEAN</a> (<a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhode_Island" title="Rhode Island">RI</a>)</li> <li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utah_Education_Network" title="Utah Education Network">UEN</a> (<a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utah" title="Utah">UT</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abilene_Network" title="Abilene Network">Abilene</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ARPANET" title="ARPANET">ARPANET</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defense_Data_Network" title="Defense Data Network">DDN</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSNET" title="CSNET">CSNET</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigabit_Chicago" title="Gigabit Chicago">Gigabit Chicago</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gigabit_Seattle" title="Gigabit Seattle">Gigabit Seattle</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NEARnet" title="NEARnet">NEARnet</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NIPRNet" title="NIPRNet">NIPRNet</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Science_Foundation_Network" title="National Science Foundation Network">NSFNET</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SURAnet" title="SURAnet">SURAnet</a></li> <li><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Very_high-speed_Backbone_Network_Service" title="Very high-speed Backbone Network Service">vBNS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dt>See also</dt> <dd><a href="/web/20220716000144/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_research_and_education_network" title="National research and education network">National research and education network</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles nomobile"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet2" title="Internet2 – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet2" title="Internet2 – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AA%DB%B2" title="اینترنت۲ – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet2" title="Internet2 – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B8%ED%84%B0%EB%84%B72" title="인터넷2 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet2" title="Internet2 – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet2" title="Internet2 – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%982" title="אינטרנט2 – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet2" title="Internet2 – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet2" title="Internet2 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet2" title="Internet2 – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet2" title="Internet2 – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%822" title="Интернет2 – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet2" title="Internet2 – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%952" title="อินเทอร์เน็ต2 – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%822" title="Інтернет2 – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220716000144/https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet2" title="Internet2 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li></ul> 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