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宋武帝 - 维基百科,自由的百科全书
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class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=zh-hans"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E5%AE%8B%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录,但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E5%AE%8B%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D" title="建议你登录,尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-生平" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#生平"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>生平</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-生平-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关生平子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-生平-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-早年生活" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#早年生活"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>早年生活</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-早年生活-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-投戎建功" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#投戎建功"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>投戎建功</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-投戎建功-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-建義討桓" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#建義討桓"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>建義討桓</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-建義討桓-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-平定盧循" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#平定盧循"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>平定盧循</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-平定盧循-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-誅除異己" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#誅除異己"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>誅除異己</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-誅除異己-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-两度北伐" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#两度北伐"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>两度北伐</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-两度北伐-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-消滅南燕" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#消滅南燕"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6.1</span> <span>消滅南燕</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-消滅南燕-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-北伐關中" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#北伐關中"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6.2</span> <span>北伐關中</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-北伐關中-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-篡晋建宋" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#篡晋建宋"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>篡晋建宋</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-篡晋建宋-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-為政措施" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#為政措施"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>為政措施</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-為政措施-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-性格特徵" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#性格特徵"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>性格特徵</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-性格特徵-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-逸事" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#逸事"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>逸事</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-逸事-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-後世評論" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#後世評論"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>後世評論</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-後世評論-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-家庭" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#家庭"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>家庭</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-家庭-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关家庭子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-家庭-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-先祖" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#先祖"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>先祖</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-先祖-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-父母" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#父母"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>父母</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-父母-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-父" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#父"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2.1</span> <span>父</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-父-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-母" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#母"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2.2</span> <span>母</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-母-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-兄弟" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#兄弟"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>兄弟</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-兄弟-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-妻妾" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#妻妾"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>妻妾</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-妻妾-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-子女" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#子女"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.5</span> <span>子女</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-子女-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-子" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#子"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.5.1</span> <span>子</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-子-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-女" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#女"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.5.2</span> <span>女</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-女-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-文學作品中的形象" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#文學作品中的形象"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>文學作品中的形象</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-文學作品中的形象-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-註釋" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#註釋"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>註釋</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-註釋-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-延伸阅读" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#延伸阅读"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>延伸阅读</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-延伸阅读-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>参考文献</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关参考文献子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-参考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-引用" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#引用"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>引用</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-引用-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-来源" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#来源"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>来源</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-来源-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連結" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連結"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>外部連結</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連結-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">宋武帝</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。17种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-17" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">17种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3-%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%96_(%D0%9B%D1%8E_%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BD)" title="У-дзі (Лю Сун) – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="У-дзі (Лю Сун)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Wu_of_Song" title="Emperor Wu of Song – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Emperor Wu of Song" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liu_Yu" title="Liu Yu – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Liu Yu" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D" title="宋武帝 – 赣语" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="宋武帝" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="赣语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E8%A3%95" title="劉裕 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="劉裕" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EC%86%A1_%EB%AC%B4%EC%A0%9C" title="유송 무제 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="유송 무제" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liu_Song_Wudi" title="Liu Song Wudi – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Liu Song Wudi" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3-%D0%B4%D0%B8_(%D0%9B%D1%8E_%D0%A1%D1%83%D0%BD)" title="У-ди (Лю Сун) – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="У-ди (Лю Сун)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Car_Wu_od_Liu_Songa" title="Car Wu od Liu Songa – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Car Wu od Liu Songa" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu_av_Liu_Song" title="Wu av Liu Song – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Wu av Liu Song" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%8B%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B9%E0%B9%88" title="จักรพรรดิหลิวซ่งอู่ – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="จักรพรรดิหลิวซ่งอู่" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E_%D0%AE%D0%B9" title="Лю Юй – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Лю Юй" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C6%B0u_T%E1%BB%91ng_V%C5%A9_%C4%90%E1%BA%BF" title="Lưu Tống Vũ Đế – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Lưu Tống Vũ Đế" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%88%98%E8%A3%95" title="刘裕 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="刘裕" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D" title="宋武帝 – 文言文" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="宋武帝" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="文言文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B2ng_B%C3%BA-t%C3%A8" title="Sòng Bú-tè – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Sòng Bú-tè" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E8%A3%95" title="劉裕 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="劉裕" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q49699#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E5%AE%8B%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> 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vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多选项" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected 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</div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科,自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(重定向自<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%98%E8%A3%95&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="刘裕">刘裕</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84833064">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva 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.ifmobile>.nomobile{display:inherit;display:initial}</style><span class="ifmobile"><span class="nomobile">  </span><span class="mobile"></span></span>「<b>刘裕</b>」重定向至此。關於其他同名人物,請見「<b><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E8%A3%95_(%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E7%BE%A9)" class="mw-disambig" title="劉裕 (消歧義)">刘裕 (消歧义)</a></b>」。</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732082">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="background-color: #cbe; font-size: 125%">宋武帝</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image photo"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Liu_Yu_(Song_Wudi).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Liu_Yu_%28Song_Wudi%29.jpg/200px-Liu_Yu_%28Song_Wudi%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="226" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Liu_Yu_%28Song_Wudi%29.jpg/300px-Liu_Yu_%28Song_Wudi%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Liu_Yu_%28Song_Wudi%29.jpg/400px-Liu_Yu_%28Song_Wudi%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1698" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-bottom:0.2em;padding-top:0.2em;">宋武帝像 (清代绘)</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em 0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%9C%9D%E5%AE%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="南朝宋">劉宋皇帝</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;">統治</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">420年7月10日-422年6月26日(1年351天)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em 0.2em;"><div style="height: 4px; width:100%;"></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;">出生</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">363-04-16</span>)</span>363年4月16日</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;">逝世</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">422年6月26日<span style="display:none">(<span class="dday deathdate">422歲—06—26</span>)</span>(59歲)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;">安葬</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><div style="display:inline" class="label"><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%9D%E5%AE%81%E9%99%B5" title="初宁陵">初宁陵</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732082"><table class="infobox" style="border-collapse:collapse; border-spacing:0px; border:none; width:100%; margin:0px; font-size:100%; clear:none; float:none"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left;">年號</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align:left; padding-left:0.7em;;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B8%E5%88%9D_(%E5%88%98%E5%AE%8B)" title="永初 (刘宋)">永初</a>:420年六月—422年</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%A5%E5%8F%B7" title="谥号">谥号</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align:left; padding-left:0.7em;;">武皇帝</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%99%E5%8F%B7" title="庙号">庙号</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align:left; padding-left:0.7em;;">高祖</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E4%BB%A3" title="朝代">政权</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E5%AE%8B" title="刘宋">刘宋</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>宋武帝劉裕</b>(363年4月16日—422年6月26日),<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%A8%E5%AD%97" title="表字">字</a><b>德輿</b>,小字<b>寄奴</b><span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>,<a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%AD%E5%9F%8E%E9%83%A1" title="彭城郡">彭城郡</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%AD%E5%9F%8E%E7%B8%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="彭城縣">彭城县</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B6%8F%E8%BC%BF%E9%87%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="綏輿里(页面不存在)">綏輿里</a>(今<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%BD%E7%9C%81" title="安徽省">安徽省</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%BF%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82" title="宿州市">宿州市</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%95%AD%E7%B8%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="蕭縣">蕭縣</a>)人,<a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E6%97%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="漢族">漢族</a><span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>人,<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E6%99%89" class="mw-redirect" title="東晉">東晉</a>末年至<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%8C%97%E6%9C%9D" title="南北朝">南北朝</a>初期的軍事家、<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%AE%B6" title="政治家">政治家</a>,<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%8C%97%E6%9C%9D" title="南北朝">南北朝</a>時期<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E5%AE%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="劉宋">劉宋</a>的開國皇帝。劉裕出身貧寒,最初為<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%BA%9C%E5%86%9B" title="北府军">北府</a>將領孫無終的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E9%A6%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="司馬">司馬</a>,在<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%AB%E6%81%A9%E4%B9%8B%E4%BA%82" class="mw-redirect" title="孫恩之亂">孫恩之亂</a>中初露軍事才能,及後更發起義軍擊敗篡位的<a href="/wiki/%E6%A1%93%E7%8E%84" title="桓玄">桓玄</a>,恢復<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E6%99%89" class="mw-redirect" title="東晉">東晉</a>政權,獲得極高名望<span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>,不久之後掌握朝政大權。 </p><p>劉裕趁<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E7%87%95_(%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD%E5%9C%8B)" title="南燕 (十六國)">南燕</a>内讧之际而出兵滅燕<span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-南燕內訌_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-南燕內訌-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>,隨後又平定了<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%A7%E5%BE%AA%E4%B9%8B%E4%BA%82" class="mw-redirect" title="盧循之亂">盧循之亂</a>,并消滅了<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E6%AF%85_(%E6%9D%B1%E6%99%89)" title="劉毅 (東晉)">劉毅</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%B8%E8%91%9B%E9%95%B7%E6%B0%91" title="諸葛長民">諸葛長民</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E9%A6%AC%E4%BC%91%E4%B9%8B" title="司馬休之">司馬休之</a>等異己,鞏固了自己在東晉國內的地位。接著他又借<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%8C%E7%A7%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="後秦">後秦</a>内乱之际而<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E8%A3%95%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" title="刘裕北伐">出师北伐</a><span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-後秦內鬥_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-後秦內鬥-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>,收復了<a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%9B%E9%99%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="洛陽">洛陽</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E9%97%9C%E4%B8%AD" class="mw-disambig" title="關中">關中</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%B7%E5%AE%89" class="mw-redirect" title="長安">長安</a>地區,受封宋公並得<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%9D%E9%94%A1" title="九锡">九錫</a>,後來又進爵宋王,最终迫使晋帝<a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%85%E4%BD%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="禅位">禅位</a>,篡夺了東晉政權,建立劉宋,正式開始了<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%8C%97%E6%9C%9D" title="南北朝">南北朝時代</a>。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="生平"><span id=".E7.94.9F.E5.B9.B3"></span>生平</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%8B%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节:生平"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="早年生活"><span id=".E6.97.A9.E5.B9.B4.E7.94.9F.E6.B4.BB"></span>早年生活</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%8B%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节:早年生活"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>劉裕家族在早年隨晉室南渡,長居<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%AC%E5%8F%A3" class="mw-disambig" title="京口">京口</a>(今<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E8%98%87" class="mw-redirect" title="江蘇">江蘇</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%AE%E6%B1%9F%E5%B8%82" class="mw-redirect" title="鎮江市">鎮江市</a>),《<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E6%9B%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="宋書">宋書</a>》說他是漢高祖<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E9%82%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="劉邦">劉邦</a>的弟弟楚王<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E4%BA%A4" title="劉交">劉交</a>第二十一世孫<span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>。《<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%8F%E6%9B%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="魏書">魏書</a>》則猜測其祖先可能姓項<span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>。劉裕於興寧元年三月壬寅日(363年4月16日)出生,其時家境貧苦,母親更因分娩後疾病去世<span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>,父親<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E7%BF%B9" title="劉翹">劉翹</a>無力請<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%B3%E6%AF%8D" title="乳母">乳母</a>給劉裕哺乳,一度打算拋棄他,只因<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E6%87%B7%E6%95%AC" title="劉懷敬">劉懷敬</a>之母伸出援手,養育劉裕,才得以活下來<span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>。刘裕长大后,“雄杰有大度”,身高七尺六寸,风骨奇伟,不拘小节。劉裕早年曾以賣鞋为生,但卻又常賭博<a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%97%E8%92%B2" title="樗蒲">樗蒲</a>,傾盡家財,遭鄉里賤視,亦因不修品行而不為當世人們所賞識<span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>。不过,刘裕才能出眾,且有大志,當時出身<a href="/wiki/%E7%90%85%E7%90%8A%E7%8E%8B%E6%B0%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="琅琊王氏">琅琊王氏</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E8%AC%90" title="王謐">王謐</a>就十分敬重他,更曾向他說:「你應當會成為一代英雄。」<span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="投戎建功"><span id=".E6.8A.95.E6.88.8E.E5.BB.BA.E5.8A.9F"></span>投戎建功</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%8B%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节:投戎建功"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%AB%E6%81%A9%E7%9B%A7%E5%BE%AA%E4%B9%8B%E4%BA%82#孫恩之亂" title="孫恩盧循之亂">孫恩盧循之亂 § 孫恩之亂</a></div> <p>劉裕及後從軍,最初就任北府軍將領、冠軍將軍<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%AB%E7%84%A1%E7%B5%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="孫無終(页面不存在)">孫無終</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E9%A6%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="司馬">司馬</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%86%E5%AE%89_(%E5%B9%B4%E5%8F%B7)" class="mw-redirect" title="隆安 (年号)">隆安</a>三年(399年),<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%AB%E6%81%A9" title="孫恩">孫恩</a>起兵反抗晉朝,自海島攻下<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%83%E7%A8%BD" class="mw-disambig" title="會稽">會稽</a>,三吳各郡皆響應他,<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%AB%E6%81%A9%E7%9B%A7%E5%BE%AA%E4%B9%8B%E4%BA%82#孫恩之亂" title="孫恩盧循之亂">孫恩之亂</a>由而爆發。另一北府將領、前將軍<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E7%89%A2%E4%B9%8B" title="刘牢之">劉牢之</a>率軍鎮壓,當時他就請了劉裕參府軍事。 </p><p>當時劉裕奉命率數十人去偵察敵軍,卻遇上數千人的敵軍並發生戰鬥,雖然所帶的人大多戰死了,但劉裕仍揮動長刀抵抗,殺傷多人。劉牢之之子<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E6%95%AC%E5%AE%A3" title="劉敬宣">劉敬宣</a>派兵搜尋劉裕,見劉裕獨力抵抗,都讚歎劉裕的能力,並率軍進攻,俘殺一千多人。不久諸軍擊敗孫恩各軍,又攻下<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%83%E7%A8%BD%E9%83%A1" title="會稽郡">會稽郡</a>治所<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E9%99%B0" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="山陰">山陰</a>(今<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%99%E6%B1%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="浙江">浙江</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%B9%E8%88%88%E5%B8%82" class="mw-redirect" title="紹興市">紹興市</a>),令孫恩退回海島。 </p><p>次年(400年)五月,孫恩再襲會稽,殺害駐鎮會稽的<a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9D%E7%90%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="謝琰">謝琰</a>,至十一月時劉牢之率軍前往才擊退孫恩。劉牢之及後命劉裕守<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A5%E7%AB%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="句章">句章</a>(今浙江<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%A7%E6%B3%A2%E5%B8%82" class="mw-redirect" title="寧波市">寧波市</a>)。當時句章城小兵弱,而劉裕就常做好作戰準備。翌年(401年)二月孫恩就率眾自<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%B9%E5%8F%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="浹口(页面不存在)">浹口</a>(今浙江<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%87%E6%B5%B7%E5%8C%BA_(%E5%AE%81%E6%B3%A2%E5%B8%82)" title="镇海区 (宁波市)">鎮海</a>)進攻句章,而劉裕就身先士卒,每戰都摧其鋒銳,致令孫恩無法攻下句章,反為劉牢之所敗。三月,孫恩轉戰海鹽(今浙江<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E7%9B%90%E5%8E%BF" title="海盐县">海鹽縣</a>),劉裕跟隨其進攻方向,於海鹽築城抵抗,又大敗來攻的孫恩。 </p><p>孫恩後循海路至<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E5%BE%92" class="mw-redirect" title="丹徒">丹徒</a>(今江蘇鎮江市丹徒區),劉裕率不足千人的部隊趕路,與孫恩同時趕至。當時劉裕軍隊疲累,丹徒守軍亦無鬥志,但面對孫恩來襲,劉裕仍能率眾大敗對方,逼其狼狽登船撤離岸上。孫恩不久轉屯<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%83%81%E6%B4%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="郁洲(页面不存在)">郁洲</a>(今江蘇<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%8C%E4%BA%91%E5%8E%BF" title="灌云县">灌雲縣</a>東北),朝廷以劉裕為建武將軍、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8B%E9%82%B3" title="下邳">下邳</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E5%AE%88" title="太守">太守</a>,討伐孫恩,多次交戰後大破對方,令其勢力轉弱而南撤。劉裕接著追擊,又再敗孫恩,令其再度逃到海島。次年孫恩就被消滅。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="建義討桓"><span id=".E5.BB.BA.E7.BE.A9.E8.A8.8E.E6.A1.93"></span>建義討桓</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%8B%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节:建義討桓"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>元興元年(402年),驃騎大將軍<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E9%A6%AC%E5%85%83%E9%A1%AF" title="司馬元顯">司馬元顯</a>下令討伐<a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%8A%E5%B7%9E_(%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%A3)" class="mw-redirect" title="荊州 (古代)">荊州</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%BA%E5%8F%B2" title="刺史">刺史</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%A1%93%E7%8E%84" title="桓玄">桓玄</a>,並以劉牢之為前鋒。桓玄率軍兵臨建康時,劉裕請求進攻,但劉牢之不肯,反而想叛歸桓玄。劉裕當時與何無忌極力諫止但都無效,劉牢之終向桓玄請降,桓玄亦順利消滅司馬元顯的勢力,掌握朝政。 </p><p>事後桓玄調劉牢之為會稽內史以削其軍權,劉牢之圖據<a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BF%E9%99%B5" class="mw-disambig" title="广陵">廣陵</a>(今江蘇<a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%9A%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82" class="mw-redirect" title="揚州市">揚州市</a>)叛桓玄,但劉裕認為人心已去,事必不成而拒絕與劉牢之合作,最終劉牢之因失去僚屬的支持而自殺。桓脩後以劉裕為其中兵參軍,並於同年參與討伐統領孫恩餘黨的<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%A7%E5%BE%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="盧循">盧循</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E9%81%93%E8%A6%86" title="徐道覆">徐道覆</a>。當時桓玄诛殺了多名北府舊將<span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>註 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>,但劉裕仍領兵討伐盧循部眾,更獲加任彭城內史。及至桓玄篡位後次年(404年),劉裕跟從桓脩入朝建康,桓玄亦十分賞識他,出遊都殷勤接引,賞賜亦甚為豐厚。當時桓玄皇后<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E7%9A%87%E5%90%8E_(%E6%A1%93%E7%8E%84)" class="mw-redirect" title="刘皇后 (桓玄)">劉氏</a>就勸桓玄除去劉裕,但桓玄仍圖借助劉裕攻略中原,拒絕加害。 </p><p>早在劉牢之失敗之時,劉裕就向何無忌說:「桓玄若果守著臣子的忠節,就應與你輔助他;否則,就要與你對付他。」及至劉裕入朝後回到京口,就與何無忌、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E6%AF%85_(%E6%9D%B1%E6%99%89)" title="劉毅 (東晉)">劉毅</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9F%E6%98%B6_(%E4%B8%9C%E6%99%8B)" title="孟昶 (东晋)">孟昶</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%B8%E8%91%9B%E9%95%B7%E6%B0%91" title="諸葛長民">諸葛長民</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%8F%A1_(%E6%9D%B1%E6%99%89)" title="王叡 (東晉)">王叡</a>等人合謀舉兵討伐桓玄,並準備在京口、廣陵、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%86%E9%98%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="历阳">歷陽</a>(今<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%BE%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="安徽">安徽</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%92%8C%E5%8E%BF" title="和县">和縣</a>)及建康(今江蘇南京市)四地同時起兵。元興三年二月乙卯(404年3月24日),劉裕託詞遊獵而外出募眾,終得百多人。次日(3月25日)早上起兵,何無忌殺桓脩,當時桓脩司馬刁弘率眾前來,劉裕則假稱江州刺史<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%83%AD%E6%98%B6%E4%B9%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="郭昶之(页面不存在)">郭昶之</a>已在<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%BB%E9%98%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="寻阳">尋陽</a>(今<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E8%A5%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="江西">江西</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%9D%E6%B1%9F%E5%B8%82" title="九江市">九江市</a>)迎晉安帝復位,桓玄更已被處決,自己只是奉密詔誅除桓氏叛黨。刁弘信以為真,劉裕不久就誅除刁弘,控制了京口。同時孟昶等亦成功控制了廣陵,並率眾至京口與劉裕會合,劉裕獲眾人推舉為盟主,總督徐州事,並於次日(3月26日)起兵進攻建康。 </p><p>桓玄先派<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%B3%E7%94%AB%E4%B9%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="吳甫之(页面不存在)">吳甫之</a>及<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9A%87%E7%94%AB%E6%95%B7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="皇甫敷(页面不存在)">皇甫敷</a>抵抗劉裕,劉裕先於<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E4%B9%98" class="mw-redirect" title="江乘">江乘</a>(今江蘇<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A5%E5%AE%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="句容">句容</a>北)殺吳甫之,至江乘以南的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BE%85%E8%90%BD%E6%A9%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="羅落橋(页面不存在)">羅落橋</a>時奮力作戰,又殺皇甫敷,繼續進攻。三月己未日(3月28日),劉裕進攻覆舟山,並命弱兵登山,持著旗幟分道而行,營造四周皆有士兵,數量很多的假象;而又因桓玄守軍大多是北府軍出身,面對劉裕都沒有鬥志,劉裕於是與諸軍進攻,順利以火攻擊潰桓玄守軍,而桓玄亦棄城西逃。 </p><p>劉裕於三月壬戌日(3月31日)獲<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E8%AC%90" title="王謐">王謐</a>等人推舉為使持節、都督<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%AC%E5%B7%9E_(%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%A3)" title="扬州 (古代)">揚</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%96%E5%B7%9E_(%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%A3)" title="兖州 (古代)">兗</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%AB%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-disambig" title="豫州">豫</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E5%B7%9E_(%E4%B8%9C%E6%99%8B)" title="青州 (东晋)">青</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%80%E5%B7%9E" title="冀州">冀</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BD%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="幽州">幽</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B6%E5%B7%9E" title="并州">并</a>八州諸軍事、鎮軍將軍,徐州刺史<span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>。不久,劉裕奉武陵王<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E9%A6%AC%E9%81%B5_(%E6%AD%A6%E9%99%B5%E7%8E%8B)" title="司馬遵 (武陵王)">司馬遵</a>承制總百官行事。劉裕在進建康城後派諸將追擊桓玄,終於當年六月誅殺了桓玄,並讓在<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E9%99%B5" class="mw-disambig" title="江陵">江陵</a>(今<a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%96%E5%8C%97" class="mw-redirect" title="湖北">湖北</a>江陵)的<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%89%E5%AE%89%E5%B8%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="晉安帝">晉安帝</a>復位。然而,桓氏勢力仍在荊州盤據,並反攻江陵,直至義熙元年(405年)才再收復江陵,驅逐當地桓氏勢力,並自江陵迎晉安帝回建康,不久劉裕就還鎮丹徒。 </p><p>義熙二年(406年),劉裕因功受封為<b>豫章郡公</b>。義熙四年正月(408年),因上年年末揚州刺史、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%84%E5%B0%9A%E6%9B%B8%E4%BA%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="錄尚書事">錄尚書事</a>王謐去世,劉裕聽從<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E7%A9%86%E4%B9%8B" title="劉穆之">劉穆之</a>的勸言入朝議繼任人選<span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>,終獲授侍中、車騎將軍、開府儀同三司、揚州刺史、錄尚書事、徐兗二州刺史,入掌朝政大權。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="平定盧循"><span id=".E5.B9.B3.E5.AE.9A.E7.9B.A7.E5.BE.AA"></span>平定盧循</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%8B%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节:平定盧循"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%AB%E6%81%A9%E7%9B%A7%E5%BE%AA%E4%B9%8B%E4%BA%82#盧循之亂" title="孫恩盧循之亂">孫恩盧循之亂 § 盧循之亂</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%A7%E5%BE%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="盧循">盧循</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E9%81%93%E8%A6%86" title="徐道覆">徐道覆</a>趁劉裕領兵在外,於義熙六年(410年)起兵,進攻江州。當時朝廷急徵劉裕,而當時劉裕剛滅南燕,收到詔書就撤還建康。劉裕至<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E9%98%B3" class="mw-disambig" title="山阳">山陽</a>(今江蘇<a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%AE%E5%AE%89%E5%B8%82" title="淮安市">淮安市</a>)時知江州刺史何無忌已戰死,於是加速回防建康,並於四月趕至。五月,豫州刺史劉毅大敗給盧循,盧循繼續東下,而劉裕當時就招募兵眾,修治石頭城並於當地聚兵。不過,由於劉裕急急南返,士卒多有傷病,而建康兵力亦不過千人,面對有十多萬人的盧循大軍顯得實力懸殊,然而劉裕堅決不肯接受諸葛長民及孟昶奉安帝北歸廣陵避敵的建議,決意死戰。 </p><p>盧循軍到後停駐<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%94%A1%E6%B4%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="蔡洲(页面不存在)">蔡洲</a>(今江蘇<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E5%AF%A7%E7%B8%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="江寧縣">江寧縣</a>西南江中),劉裕就以木柵阻斷石頭城及淮口,修治<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%9F%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="越城">越城</a>(今江寧縣南)並建查浦、藥園、廷尉三個堡壘,分兵戍守以禦盧循,盧循曾分疑兵進攻白石及查浦,自率大軍進攻丹陽郡,但都沒有取勝,而且在各縣中都無法搶掠到物資,被逼於七月退兵江州。同年十月,劉裕率劉藩、<a href="/wiki/%E6%AA%80%E9%9F%B6" title="檀韶">檀韶</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E6%95%AC%E5%AE%A3" title="劉敬宣">劉敬宣</a>等人進攻盧循,並於十二月以火攻擊敗盧循船隊。盧循敗後試圖於左里(今<a href="/wiki/%E9%84%B1%E9%99%BD%E6%B9%96" class="mw-redirect" title="鄱陽湖">鄱陽湖</a>口)擋住劉裕,但劉裕率軍奮戰,盧循軍無法阻擋而大敗,盧循因而南逃廣州。劉裕早於盧循撤出蔡洲後就已派了<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%AB%E8%99%95" title="孫處">孫處</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%88%E7%94%B0%E5%AD%90" title="沈田子">沈田子</a>經海路攻佔了盧循根據地番禺,盧循敗逃廣州後於義熙七年(411年)又於廣州敗於沈田子等人,終在交州被刺史<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%9C%E6%85%A7%E5%BA%A6" title="杜慧度">杜慧度</a>所殺。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="誅除異己"><span id=".E8.AA.85.E9.99.A4.E7.95.B0.E5.B7.B1"></span>誅除異己</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%8B%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节:誅除異己"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>劉裕於義熙七年(411年)班師回到建康,並受<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E5%B0%89" title="太尉">太尉</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E6%9B%B8%E7%9B%A3" title="中書監">中書監</a>職位。次年(412年)四月,劉裕以劉毅為荊州刺史。劉毅自以能力不亞於劉裕,甚不服在劉裕以下,他亦得朝中有名望人士歸心交結,故此遷鎮荊州時就將大部分豫州府屬及江州萬多人的軍隊都帶去荊州,到任後又重新調度荊州郡縣首長,更以患病為由請堂弟劉藩去做他副手。劉裕知其有異心,於是假意答允其請求,但就乘劉藩自兗州治所廣陵入朝時就指稱他與<a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9D%E6%B7%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="謝混">謝混</a>圖謀不軌,將二人賜死,接著就率軍自建康出發討伐劉毅。劉裕派<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E9%8E%AE%E6%83%A1" title="王鎮惡">王鎮惡</a>為前鋒,沿路聲言是劉藩前來去騙倒各戍和民眾,直至江陵城外五六里時才被發現,但已趕在劉毅關閉城門前率兵入城,並在城內作戰。城中民眾知劉裕在率軍前來都十分驚恐,劉毅不敵王鎮惡,唯有出逃,並於牛牧寺自殺。劉裕隨後來到江陵,誅殺了劉毅親信<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%97%E5%83%A7%E6%96%BD" title="郗僧施">郗僧施</a>,消滅了劉毅勢力。 </p><p>劉裕征劉毅時以諸葛長民留守府事,但諸葛長民見劉毅敗死,自己亦深感不安,更意圖作亂<span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>,劉裕回建康時故意拖慢進度,讓等待迎接他的諸葛長民及其他官員接連幾日都等不到劉裕。劉裕卻乘輕舟快快進城,進入了官邸東府。諸葛長民知道劉裕突然回來了,於是拜訪,劉裕暗中命壯士<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%81%E6%97%BF" title="丁旿">丁旿</a>埋伏,故意和諸葛長民閒話家常,乘諸葛長民警覺性下降時命丁旿將其殺死,接著又誅殺了長民弟<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%AB%B8%E8%91%9B%E9%BB%8E%E6%B0%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="諸葛黎民(页面不存在)">諸葛黎民</a>等人。劉裕接著就加鎮西將軍、豫州刺史,接掌諸葛長民的原職。清除京口武將中的異己勢力之後,劉裕在412年底發動<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%89%E6%BB%85%E8%AD%99%E8%9C%80%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="晉滅譙蜀之戰">晉滅譙蜀之戰</a>,隔年(413年)西征主將<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E9%BD%A1%E7%9F%B3" title="朱齡石">朱齡石</a>成功滅<a href="/wiki/%E8%AD%99%E8%9C%80" title="譙蜀">譙蜀</a>,使劉裕加授羽葆、鼓吹及班劍二十人。 </p><p>412年征討劉毅時,劉裕以晉宗室<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E9%A6%AC%E4%BC%91%E4%B9%8B" title="司馬休之">司馬休之</a>接任荊州刺史。司馬休之頗得當地人心,劉裕懷疑他別有用心想自立;在義熙十年(414年),其子<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%87%E6%80%9D" title="司馬文思">司馬文思</a>又在建康招集輕俠,令劉裕十分厭惡,司馬文思終因被揭發殺害官吏而被捕,劉裕誅殺其黨眾而免文思死,反送他到司馬休之那裏,要他親自教誨他,實質就是要司馬休之將其處死。然而,司馬休之並沒有殺文思,只是上表廢掉文思的譙王爵位,並寫信向劉裕道歉。這舉動令劉裕對其大感不滿,立刻就命江州刺史<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9F%E6%87%B7%E7%8E%89" title="孟懷玉">孟懷玉</a>戒備,準備先下手為強。 </p><p>義熙十一年(415年),劉裕殺了司馬休之在建康的次子<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%B8%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%87%E5%AF%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="司馬文寶(页面不存在)">司馬文寶</a>及侄兒<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%B8%E9%A6%AC%E6%96%87%E7%A5%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="司馬文祖(页面不存在)">司馬文祖</a>,並出兵討伐司馬休之,自加黃鉞,領荊州刺史。司馬休之則上表劉裕罪狀,派兵抵抗;當時<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%8D%E5%B7%9E_(%E4%B8%9C%E6%99%8B)" class="mw-redirect" title="雍州 (东晋)">雍州</a>刺史<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%AF%E5%AE%97%E4%B9%8B" title="魯宗之">魯宗之</a>自感不被劉裕所容,故與司馬休之聯結。劉裕前鋒<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E9%80%B5%E4%B9%8B" title="徐逵之">徐逵之</a>初戰敗於魯軌,眾將除<a href="/wiki/%E8%92%AF%E6%81%A9" title="蒯恩">蒯恩</a>外皆戰死,劉裕大怒。然而當他到時,魯軌及司馬文思率軍在懸岸峭壁上列陣,令劉裕難以登岸,胡藩當時就冒險攀登,司馬文思等竟不能抵擋,劉裕就乘對方後撤的機會登岸進攻,終擊潰司馬休之的軍隊,攻下江陵,司馬休之及魯宗之北投<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%8C%E7%A7%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="後秦">後秦</a>。 </p><p>劉裕在消滅司馬休之後獲劍履上殿、入朝不趨、贊拜不名的崇禮,次年(416年)正月更獲加領平北將軍、兗州刺史、都督<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E7%A7%A6%E5%B7%9E" title="南秦州">南秦州</a>諸軍事,至此其一人已經都督<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E5%B7%9E_(%E4%B8%89%E5%9B%BD%E8%87%B3%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%9D)" class="mw-redirect" title="徐州 (三国至明朝)">徐州</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%BE%90%E5%B7%9E_(%E5%88%98%E5%AE%8B)" title="南徐州 (刘宋)">南徐</a>、豫、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E8%B1%AB%E5%B7%9E_(%E5%88%98%E5%AE%8B)" title="南豫州 (刘宋)">南豫</a>、兗、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%85%97%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-disambig" title="南兗州">南兗</a>、青、冀、幽、弁、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="司州">司</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%83%A2%E5%B7%9E_(%E5%88%98%E5%AE%8B)" title="郢州 (刘宋)">郢</a>、荊、江、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B9%98%E5%B7%9E" title="湘州">湘</a>、雍、<a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%81%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="梁州">梁</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%8A%E5%B7%9E" title="益州">益</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%A7%E5%B7%9E" title="寧州">寧</a>、交、廣、南秦共二十二州。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="两度北伐"><span id=".E4.B8.A4.E5.BA.A6.E5.8C.97.E4.BC.90"></span>两度北伐</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%8B%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节:两度北伐"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目:<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E8%A3%95%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" title="刘裕北伐">劉裕北伐</a></div> <p>在<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%8F%E6%99%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="魏晋">魏晋</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="十六国">十六国</a>时期,<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E6%99%8B" title="东晋">东晋</a>虽偏安<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E5%8D%97" title="江南">江南</a>,却始终没有放弃收复中原等漢地北部地區,所以屡次发动北伐战争。后秦、南燕出于内乱而败亡;公元397年<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E9%AD%8F" title="北魏">北魏</a>军攻下中山,<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8E%E7%87%95" class="mw-redirect" title="后燕">后燕</a>官吏兵投降两万余人,后燕的疆域被切断为<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E7%87%95_(%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD%E5%9C%8B)" title="南燕 (十六國)">南燕</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%87%95" title="北燕">北燕</a>二部,405年南燕又发生政变;<span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-南燕內訌_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-南燕內訌-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>416年<a href="/wiki/%E5%A7%9A%E5%85%B4" title="姚兴">姚兴</a>卒,后秦内乱不断,镇守蒲坂和岭北的姚懿、姚恢先后率叛军进攻<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%BF%E5%AE%89" title="长安">长安</a>。<span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-後秦內鬥_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-後秦內鬥-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>刘裕趁<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8E%E7%A7%A6" title="后秦">后秦</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E7%87%95_(%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD%E5%9C%8B)" title="南燕 (十六國)">南燕</a>内乱之际,乘机出兵,并一举攻灭。这次收复中原的版图之多,是东晋历次北伐中最成功、影响最深远的一次,也是以前的多次北伐都无法与之比拟的。<span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="消滅南燕"><span id=".E6.B6.88.E6.BB.85.E5.8D.97.E7.87.95"></span>消滅南燕</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%8B%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节:消滅南燕"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Liu_Yu,Song_Wudi.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Liu_Yu%2CSong_Wudi.png/220px-Liu_Yu%2CSong_Wudi.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Liu_Yu%2CSong_Wudi.png/330px-Liu_Yu%2CSong_Wudi.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Liu_Yu%2CSong_Wudi.png/440px-Liu_Yu%2CSong_Wudi.png 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>劉裕像</figcaption></figure> <p>義熙五年(409年),<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E7%87%95_(%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD%E5%9C%8B)" title="南燕 (十六國)">南燕</a>皇帝<a href="/wiki/%E6%85%95%E5%AE%B9%E8%B6%85" title="慕容超">慕容超</a>因為缺乏<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E6%A8%82" class="mw-redirect" title="太樂">太樂</a>伎人,派兵侵略淮北的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%BF%E8%B1%AB%E5%9F%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="宿豫城(页面不存在)">宿豫城</a>(今江蘇<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%BF%E9%81%B7%E7%B8%A3" title="宿遷縣">宿遷縣</a>東南),大掠民眾北歸。及後又派兵進攻淮北,擄去<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%B3%E5%B9%B3%E9%83%A1_(%E5%88%98%E5%AE%8B)" title="阳平郡 (刘宋)">陽平</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%BF%9F%E5%8D%97%E9%83%A1" title="濟南郡">濟南</a>兩郡太守,俘擄千多家。 </p><p>劉裕因此上表北伐,並於同年四月出發。當時劉裕認為燕軍短視,不會據守大峴山(今<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E6%9D%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="山東">山東</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%A8%E6%9C%90%E7%B8%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="臨朐縣">臨朐縣</a>東南)天險並堅壁清野,只會進據臨朐(今山東臨朐縣),退守都城<a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%A3%E5%9B%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="廣固">廣固</a>(今山東<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82" title="青州市">青州市</a>),而當時南燕軍的行動亦果然如此。慕容超知晉軍過了大峴山就親自率軍到臨朐,劉裕前鋒先於<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A8%E8%94%91%E6%B0%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="巨蔑水">巨蔑水</a>擊退燕軍,接著攻臨朐城。晉燕兩軍於臨朐以南作戰,<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E8%97%A9" title="胡藩">胡藩</a>獻計出奇兵突襲臨朐城內,最終成功攻克,慕容超倉皇自城中逃至城南大軍那裏,而此時劉裕命軍隊進攻,大敗燕軍並斬殺其十多名大將,慕容超於是逃回廣固。劉裕接著乘勝追擊至廣固,並成功攻克其外城。慕容超據守小城抵抗,劉裕就築圍圍困廣固。劉裕圍城戰爭一直維持至次年二月才攻下廣固,並俘殺慕容超,滅了南燕。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="北伐關中"><span id=".E5.8C.97.E4.BC.90.E9.97.9C.E4.B8.AD"></span>北伐關中</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%8B%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节:北伐關中"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>劉裕在當日平滅南燕後就已經有攻略後秦的打算,只因盧循作亂才逼令他班師建康,而劉裕在消滅了國內主要異己後,又再重拾昔日計劃。劉裕在獲加督至二十二州後月餘,又獲加中外大都督,解徐兗二州刺史而改領司、豫二州刺史,並奉琅琊王<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E9%A9%AC%E5%BE%B7%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect" title="司马德文">司馬德文</a>北伐,打著晉朝皇室旗號安撫北方漢人。至五月又加北雍州刺史。終在八月,劉裕正式自建康出兵,進軍至<a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%AD%E5%9F%8E%E9%83%A1" title="彭城郡">彭城</a>(今江蘇<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E5%B7%9E%E5%B8%82" title="徐州市">徐州市</a>)後又加北徐州刺史。十月,劉裕所派的<a href="/wiki/%E6%AA%80%E9%81%93%E6%BF%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="檀道濟">檀道濟</a>等進攻<a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%9B%E9%99%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="洛陽">洛陽</a>(今河南洛陽市),守將<a href="/wiki/%E5%A7%9A%E6%B4%B8" title="姚洸">姚洸</a>出降,成功收復洛陽。 </p><p>次年(417年)正月,劉裕自彭城率水軍西進,進入<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E6%B2%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="黃河">黃河</a>。劉裕一直進軍至<a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%BC%E9%97%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="潼關">潼關</a>,命王鎮惡率軍經<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%AD%E6%B2%B3" title="渭河">渭河</a>進攻後秦都城<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%B7%E5%AE%89" class="mw-redirect" title="長安">長安</a>(今<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%9D%E8%A5%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="陝西">陝西</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%AE%89%E5%B8%82" title="西安市">西安市</a>),王鎮惡於<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B8%AD%E6%A9%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="渭橋(页面不存在)">渭橋</a>大敗<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A7%9A%E4%B8%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="姚丕(页面不存在)">姚丕</a>,姚泓所率的軍隊亦因遭姚丕敗兵踐踏而潰亂,最終姚泓於八月出降,後秦滅亡。劉裕於次月到達長安,大賞將士並誅殺歸降的後秦宗室<a href="/wiki/%E5%A7%9A%E7%92%9E" title="姚璞">姚璞</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A7%9A%E8%AE%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="姚讚(页面不存在)">姚讚</a>及其百多名宗族。 </p><p>同年十一月,留守建康的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E7%A9%86%E4%B9%8B" title="劉穆之">劉穆之</a>去世,當時劉裕還想以長安做基地進攻西北<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%B6%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="北涼">北涼</a>等國,只是諸將都思鄉,大多都不想留下;劉裕向來倚重的劉穆之去世更令他覺得建康根本之地已空虛無靠,於是下了決心班師東歸。劉裕於是留了當時僅得十一歲的次子<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E7%BE%A9%E7%9C%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="劉義真">劉義真</a>鎮守長安,並留下王鎮惡、王脩、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%88%E7%94%B0%E5%AD%90" title="沈田子">沈田子</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%9B%E5%BE%B7%E7%A5%96" title="毛德祖">毛德祖</a>等將領協助他。當地人民知道劉裕要走都向他哭訴,希望他回心轉意,然而劉裕去意已決,還是在當年十二月出發離開。 </p><p>然而,劉裕走後次年,諸將內訌,沈田子殺王鎮惡,王脩殺沈田子,而劉義真又在諸將唆擺下命人殺害王脩,於是關中大亂,<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F_(%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD%E5%9B%BD)" title="夏 (十六国)">夏國</a>乘機進攻關中,劉裕唯有召還劉義真,派<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E9%BD%A1%E7%9F%B3" title="朱齡石">朱齡石</a>等代鎮長安,更指令若關中不能守下去就可放棄。最終晉軍還是撤出長安,關中地區遭夏國佔領。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="篡晋建宋"><span id=".E7.AF.A1.E6.99.8B.E5.BB.BA.E5.AE.8B"></span>篡晋建宋</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%8B%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节:篡晋建宋"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>義熙十四年(418年),劉裕接受相國、總百揆、揚州牧的官職,以十郡<span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>註 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>建「宋國」,受封為宋公,並接受<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%9D%E9%94%A1" title="九锡">九錫</a>的特殊禮待。同年,劉裕命令<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E4%B9%A6%E4%BE%8D%E9%83%8E" title="中书侍郎">中書侍郎</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E9%9F%B6%E4%B9%8B" title="王韶之">王韶之</a>與晉安帝左右侍從密謀以毒酒毒殺安帝,王韶之於是乘司馬德文因病出宮的機會下手,縊殺安帝。當時劉裕因為相信預言書說:「昌明(晉孝武帝)之後尚有二帝」,於是聲稱依照遺詔,立了<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E9%A9%AC%E5%BE%B7%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect" title="司马德文">司馬德文</a>為皇帝,即晉恭帝。 </p><p>元熙元年(419年),劉裕進爵為宋王<span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>,又加十郡<span id="noteTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>註 3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>增益宋國,令宋國包括了二十郡。年末劉裕又獲加皇帝規格的的十二旒冕、天子旌旗等一系列特殊禮待。元熙二年(420年),劉裕入輔,<a href="/wiki/%E5%82%85%E4%BA%AE_(%E5%8D%97%E6%9C%9D%E5%AE%8B)" class="mw-redirect" title="傅亮 (南朝宋)">傅亮</a>知劉裕想要晉恭帝禪讓帝位予他但難於啓齒,於是代為向恭帝暗示,恭帝於是在六月禪讓帝位給劉裕,東晉滅亡,劉裕即位為帝,改國號為「宋」,改元永初。劉裕在稱帝之後,為了斬草除根,還殺掉了恭帝<span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>。 </p><p>此行為可謂劉裕一生中一個汙點,因為其行為開啟了前朝遜位之主不得善終之先(新朝<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E8%8E%BD" title="王莽">王莽</a>之於西漢<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%BA%E5%AD%90%E5%AC%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="孺子嬰">孺子嬰</a>、曹魏文帝<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%B9%E4%B8%95" title="曹丕">曹丕</a>之於東漢獻帝<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E5%8D%94" class="mw-redirect" title="劉協">劉協</a>、西晉武帝<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E9%A6%AC%E7%82%8E" title="司馬炎">司馬炎</a>之於曹魏元帝<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%B9%E5%A5%90" class="mw-redirect" title="曹奐">曹奐</a>,都沒有加害前朝末主),至此,南朝末主除了陳後主<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B3%E5%8F%94%E5%AF%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="陳叔寶">陳叔寶</a>其亡國非遭逢篡位外,全都被改朝換代的新主所殺。<span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </p><p>永初三年(422年),劉裕患病,五月病重時遺命<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E7%A9%BA" title="司空">司空</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E7%BE%A8%E4%B9%8B" title="徐羨之">徐羨之</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%9A%E6%9B%B8%E5%83%95%E5%B0%84" class="mw-redirect" title="尚書僕射">尚書僕射</a>傅亮、領軍將軍<a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9D%E6%99%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="謝晦">謝晦</a>及護軍將軍<a href="/wiki/%E6%AA%80%E9%81%93%E6%BF%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="檀道濟">檀道濟</a>四人為顧命大臣,輔助太子<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E7%BE%A9%E7%AC%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="劉義符">劉義符</a>。劉裕於五月癸亥日(6月26日)去世,享年六十歲。 </p><p>刘裕称帝之后,将亡妻<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%A7%E7%88%B1%E4%BA%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="臧爱亲">臧爱亲</a>神牌供入太庙为天子七庙之一,令其成为中国历史上首个女庙主。刘裕此举因不合礼法受到后世讥讽。<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E9%B8%A3%E7%9B%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="王鸣盛">王鸣盛</a>指出这是刘裕意在让自己死后得到太祖庙号。但刘裕未能如愿,他最后的庙号为高祖(太祖的廟號則是被其第三子<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E7%BE%A9%E9%9A%86" class="mw-redirect" title="劉義隆">劉義隆</a>所獲得),諡為武皇帝,葬在<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%9D%E5%AF%A7%E9%99%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="初寧陵">初寧陵</a>(今江蘇南京<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%AB%E9%87%91%E5%B1%B1" title="紫金山">紫金山</a>)。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="為政措施"><span id=".E7.82.BA.E6.94.BF.E6.8E.AA.E6.96.BD"></span>為政措施</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%8B%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节:為政措施"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>刘裕自他繼<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E8%AC%90" title="王謐">王謐</a>以錄尚書事掌權起直至其去世,一直掌握著東晉以及南朝宋的軍政大權,曾对当时积弊已久的政治、经济状况有所整顿。 </p> <ul><li>門閥士族兼併土地的行為令百姓流離失所,無法保護其產業,劉裕則一改東晉以來對這種事寬鬆的規管,重訂規管並展示公眾,大大抑制了門閥豪強的兼并行為。及至會稽虞氏的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%99%9E%E4%BA%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="虞亮(页面不存在)">虞亮</a>藏匿一千多名脫離戶籍逃亡的人,劉裕將之處死,連時任會稽內史的司馬休之也遭免官。另劉裕又針對當時門閥豪強私佔山澤,人民去砍柴釣魚都受限制的問題,禁止豪強這種行為。刁氏一族向來富有,奴客亦多,在其宗族桓玄敗死後被誅滅時,劉裕亦將刁家的資產都分發給人民,讓人們按己力取用,賑濟當時處於饑荒及戰亂中的人民<span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>。劉裕亦於義熙九年(413年)將臨沂、湖熟原屬<a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%87%E5%90%8E" title="皇后">皇后</a>所有,用來資助其化妝品開銷的田地分配給窮人<span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>。如此削奪了世族以及皇室的私產,用來資濟人民。即位為帝後更派大使巡行四方,舉善旌賢,訪問民間疾苦<span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>。</li> <li>劉裕選才用人不重門第而重其才能,故對於寒門出身的劉穆之一直予以重任,在收復建康後讓他主持政局,大改官場之風,及至在劉裕領兵在外時更讓其主掌中樞重任。劉裕在晉時見州郡推薦的很多<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%80%E6%89%8D" title="秀才">秀才</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9D%E5%BB%89" title="孝廉">孝廉</a>水準都不合要求,於是上請申明舊制,以策試考核他們。至登位後更曾到<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BB%B6%E8%B3%A2%E5%A0%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="延賢堂(页面不存在)">延賢堂</a>為各秀才、孝廉作策試。而曾與劉裕起兵討伐桓玄的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%AD%8F%E9%A0%86%E4%B9%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="魏順之(页面不存在)">魏順之</a>在盧循之亂時因為不敢救援部將<a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9D%E5%AF%B6" title="謝寶">謝寶</a>,反倒退卻;魏順之雖為功臣,亦是<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%8F%E8%A9%A0%E4%B9%8B" title="魏詠之">魏詠之</a>的弟弟,但劉裕大怒之下仍將其處死,此舉亦震懾其他桓玄之役中的功臣,都聽籨其命令。</li> <li>劉裕於義熙九年(413年)再度實行土斷,各地人民依界土斷,只有僑居於<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%8B%E9%99%B5" class="mw-disambig" title="晋陵">晉陵</a>的徐、兗、青三州人民不受影響,而當時很多僑郡僑縣都在這次土斷中被裁撤,重新整理了全國戶籍,便利於統計藏匿人口及增加賦稅收入。永初元年(420年),劉裕更下令所有逃避戶籍的人只要在限期內自首就能獲赦,並免去他們兩年的租賦,但凡有黃籍或證明文件的人都可恢復其原籍,再次減少國內藏匿人口。</li> <li>刘裕消滅劉毅後,下令嚴禁荊、江二州地方官吏滥征租税、徭役,规定租税、徭役,都以现存户口为准。凡是州、郡、县的官吏利用官府之名,占据屯田、园地獲利的,皆一律废除。<span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>劉裕即位後,下令凡宫府需要的物资都要到市場採購,照价给钱,不得向人民征调。又下令官員不可徵去人民車牛,亦不能以官威逼迫人民獻出車牛,另亦將繁多的交易稅項作出減省,便利市場商業交易。</li></ul> <p>刘裕对政治、经济的整顿,进一步打击了門閥士族的势力,改善了政治和社会状况,对平民百姓的痛苦亦有所减轻。 </p><p>而劉裕在建立南朝宋後亦削弱强藩,集权中央,於是限制了荆州州府置將和官吏數額,前者不可多於二千人,後者亦不可多於一萬人;另其他州府置將及官吏數亦不分別不得多於五百人及五千人。为防止权臣擁兵,他特別下诏命不得再別置軍府,宰相領揚州刺史的話可置一千兵。而凡大臣外任要職要需軍隊防衞,或要出兵討伐,一律配以朝廷军队,事情完結後軍隊都需交回朝廷。另劉裕為防外戚亂政,下令有幼主的話都委事宰相,不需太后臨朝。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="性格特徵"><span id=".E6.80.A7.E6.A0.BC.E7.89.B9.E5.BE.B5"></span>性格特徵</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%8B%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节:性格特徵"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>劉裕高七尺六寸,氣質奇特。</li> <li>劉裕行軍法令嚴明,軍容齊整,絕不擾民。而他的軍事分析亦常常精準無誤,例如伐南燕時料定燕軍不會據守大峴山抵抗,而慕容超果然否決<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%AD%99%E4%BA%94%E6%A5%BC" title="公孙五楼">公孫五樓</a>守大峴的計劃。命令朱齡石征伐西蜀時亦預計敵方會猜測晉軍循內水進攻,必以重兵守<a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%AA%E5%9F%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="涪城">涪城</a>,於是指令要從外水進攻,改派疑兵引誘涪城重兵,以圖直取成都。最終亦正如劉裕預計那樣,朱齡石成功繞過涪城重兵,直取成都,獲得勝利<span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>。</li> <li>在生活上刘裕崇节俭,不爱珍宝,不喜豪华,宫中嫔妃也少。宁州地方官曾经奉献<a href="/wiki/%E7%90%A5%E7%8F%80" title="琥珀">琥珀</a>枕,是无价之宝,他不稀罕。在出征<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%8C%E7%A7%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="後秦">後秦</a>时,有人说琥珀能够治疗伤口,他就命人将它砸碎,分给将领作为治伤药。平定关中後,他得到了美女<a href="/wiki/%E5%A7%9A%E6%B0%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="姚氏">姚氏</a>(後秦天王<a href="/wiki/%E5%A7%9A%E8%88%88" class="mw-redirect" title="姚興">姚興</a>的姪女),十分宠爱。臣下<a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%A2%E6%99%A6" title="谢晦">谢晦</a>劝谏他不要因女色而荒废政务,他当晚就将姚氏送出宫去。後來劉裕進封宋公,東西堂將要放置以金塗釘釘製的局腳牀,但劉裕以節為由而改用鐵釘釘製的直腳牀。又一次廣州進貢一匹<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AD%92%E7%B4%B0%E5%B8%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="筒細布(页面不存在)">筒細布</a>,劉裕因其過於精巧瑰麗,製作必定擾民,故此下令彈劾獻布那郡的太守,將布匹送還並下令禁止再製作這種布。劉裕因患有熱病,常常要有冰冷的物件去降溫,於是有人就獻上石床。劉裕躺上冰冷的石床,感到十分舒服,但又感木牀已經很耗人力,大石頭要磨成牀就更甚了,於是下令將石床砸毀。劉裕更加下令將自己昔日的農具收起,留給後人。其子<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E6%96%87%E5%B8%9D" title="宋文帝">宋文帝</a>一次看見,得知內情後大感慚愧。而其孫<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E5%AD%9D%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D" title="宋孝武帝">宋孝武帝</a>拆毀劉裕生前的臥室而建玉燭殿,發現牀頭上有土帳,牆上掛著葛布製的燈籠及麻製蠅拂,袁顗稱許劉裕有儉素之德,但孝武帝沒有說甚麼,只說:「老農夫有這些東西,已經過於富裕了。」</li> <li>劉裕不擅文才,故劉毅曾在宴會中特地賦詩:「六國多雄士,正始出風流」特意展示其文學造詣勝過劉裕<span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>。劉裕書法亦差,曾被劉穆之規勸,並在其指示下改寫大字<span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>。</li> <li>劉裕不信神祇,登位後更曾下令將民間廟宇拆毀,只有先賢以及以有勳德的人的廟祠才得豁免。劉裕去世前患病,群臣上請劉裕祈求神祇庇佑,但劉裕不接受,只派了<a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9D%E6%96%B9%E6%98%8E" title="謝方明">謝方明</a>去太廟告知祖先。</li> <li>劉裕重恩惡仇,對其有恩者必有回報,對其有仇者也會毫不留情; 昔日劉裕曾欠下<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%81%E9%80%B5" title="刁逵">刁逵</a>三萬錢,無力償還,被刁逵抓著,王謐則去見刁逵,並替劉裕償還欠款,劉裕才得釋放;而當時劉裕既無名聲亦貧賤,不被其他具名望人士看重,唯有王謐去與他結交。王謐後在桓玄篡位時奉天子玉璽及冊文給桓玄,在桓楚任司徒,更獲封公爵,甚為禮侍<span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>。劉裕義軍攻下建康後,王謐仍任司徒,領揚州刺史、錄尚書事,但王謐既因在桓楚任高職,甚得寵待,故很不安心,最終出奔。然而劉裕沒有向王謐問罪,並念及昔日恩情,請武陵王司馬遵追還王謐,並讓其官復原職。而昔日為其債主的刁逵,在桓楚任豫州刺史,並為桓玄收捕起義失敗的諸葛長民。他在桓玄敗後出奔,終被部下抓住,可是刁氏一族接著卻遭誅殺,只有刁聘獲赦,然而不久刁聘亦因謀反而被誅,令刁氏族滅。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="逸事"><span id=".E9.80.B8.E4.BA.8B"></span>逸事</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%8B%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D&action=edit&section=13" title="编辑章节:逸事"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>傳說劉裕出生時有神光照亮室內,當晚還降<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%98%E9%9C%B2" class="mw-disambig" title="甘露">甘露</a>。<span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></li> <li>劉裕曾到京口竹林寺,並獨自躺臥在寺內講堂內。一眾僧人竟看見他上面有五色龍形物體出現,大感吃驚並告知劉裕,劉裕則十分高興起說:「僧人是不會說謊的。」<span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></li> <li>有言曲阿、丹徒有天子之氣,而劉翹的墓就在丹徒,當時一個叫孔恭的人擅長占卜墓穴吉凶,劉裕一次就在父親墓前問孔恭,孔恭就言那是不平凡的墓地。劉裕聽後更為自負。更劉裕又覺得身邊總有兩條小龍,連旁人也曾看見過,至劉裕名聲漸高時,小龍也變大了。</li> <li>傳說劉裕一次去伐木砍柴,射傷了一條大蛇。翌日再去時卻聽見有杵臼搗藥的聲音,發現有幾個小童正在製藥。劉裕於是問他們為何要製藥,小童則答:「我們的王被劉寄奴射傷,所以要製藥醫治。」劉裕追問:「你們的王既有神通,為何不殺了他?」小童卻答:「劉寄奴是王者,不可以殺。」劉裕喝跑了小童,拿走他們的藥。後來一次到下邳遊玩,一個僧人向他說:「江南地區會有動亂,令此地安定的人就是你呀。」僧人又給了劉裕一些傷藥,接著就失去了蹤影。劉裕手部有傷患,一直都無法痊癒,但用了僧人的藥一次後卻痊癒了。劉裕於是視剩餘的的傷藥及當日在小童那裏的藥為珍寶,每次受了傷,用那些藥都能醫好。</li> <li>盧循譏諷劉裕智窮,劉裕則以續命湯反譏盧循命不長。<span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="後世評論"><span id=".E5.BE.8C.E4.B8.96.E8.A9.95.E8.AB.96"></span>後世評論</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%8B%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D&action=edit&section=14" title="编辑章节:後世評論"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>劉裕是兩晉南北朝時期最卓越的軍事統帥之一。劉裕在不到二十年時間裡,對內平息戰亂,先後平定<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%AB%E6%81%A9" title="孫恩">孫恩</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%A7%E5%BE%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="盧循">盧循</a>的叛亂,消滅<a href="/wiki/%E6%A1%93%E7%8E%84" title="桓玄">桓玄</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E6%AF%85_(%E6%9D%B1%E6%99%89)" title="劉毅 (東晉)">劉毅</a>等軍事集團;對外致力於<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E8%A3%95%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" title="刘裕北伐">北伐</a>,取<a href="/wiki/%E8%AD%99%E8%9C%80" title="譙蜀">譙蜀</a>、滅<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E7%87%95_(%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD%E5%9C%8B)" title="南燕 (十六國)">南燕</a>、破<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%8C%E7%A7%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="後秦">後秦</a>,從一名普通軍人成長為名垂青史的軍事統帥,取得世人矚目的成就,更徹底改變晋朝政權對征服漢地北部的塞外各民族一直處於被動的局面。<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E9%AD%8F" title="北魏">北魏</a>謀臣<a href="/wiki/%E5%B4%94%E6%B5%A9" title="崔浩">崔浩</a>在評價劉裕時說:「劉裕奮起寒微,不階尺土,討滅桓玄,興復晉室,北擒慕容超,南梟盧循,所向無前,非其才之過人,安能如是乎!」<span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>崔浩亦說:「劉裕之平禍亂,司馬德宗之<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%B9%E6%93%8D" title="曹操">曹操</a>也。」<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%95%E5%8E%BB%E9%9D%9E" title="何去非">何去非</a>在《<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%82%99%E8%AB%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="備論(页面不存在)">備論</a>》中也說:「宋武帝以英特之姿,攘袂而起,平靈寶于舊楚,定劉毅于荊豫,滅南燕于二齊,克譙縱於庸蜀,殄盧循於交廣,西執姚泓而滅後秦,蓋舉無遺策而天下憚服矣。北方之寇,獨關東之拓跋,隴北之赫連耳。方其入關,魏人雖強,不敢南指西顧以議其後。」《南史》評論說:「宋武地非齊、晉,眾無一旅,曾不浹旬,夷凶翦暴,誅內清外,功格上下。若夫樂推所歸,謳歌所集,校之<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%B9%E9%AD%8F" title="曹魏">魏</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%89%E6%9C%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="晉朝">晉</a>,可謂收其實矣。」</li> <li>劉裕的軍事生涯,指揮無數次作戰,最大特點是以少勝多,而且作戰中常身先士卒,所以能夠贏得廣大將士尊敬。<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E8%A3%95%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" title="刘裕北伐">劉裕北伐</a>是中國戰爭史上最成功的北伐之一,成就不但遠較以前東晉各次北伐高,中國歷史上僅次於朱元璋,所以<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%9B%E6%A3%84%E7%96%BE" title="辛棄疾">辛棄疾</a>用「金戈鐵馬,氣吞萬里如虎」的詩句來形容劉裕北伐時的氣勢。<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%89" title="司马光">司马光</a>叙述刘裕北伐成功后匆忙东归,关中复失时,大发感叹:「惜乎,百年之寇,千里之土,得之艰难,失之造次,使丰、鄗之都复输寇手。<a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%80%E5%AD%90" title="荀子">荀子</a>曰:『兼并易能也,坚凝之难。』信哉。」而<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%A4%AB%E4%B9%8B" title="王夫之">王夫之</a>直指劉裕是為了急急篡位而放棄關中,說:「刘裕灭姚秦,欲留长安经略西北,不果而归,而中原遂终于沦没。史称将佐思归,裕之饰说也。王、沈、毛、傅之獨留,豈繄不有思歸之念乎?西征之士,一歲而已,非久役也。新破人國,子女玉帛足系其心,梟雄者豈必故土之安乎?固知欲留經略者,裕之初志,而造次東歸者,裕之轉念也。夫裕欲归而急于篡,固其情已。」但王夫之仍然肯定了「然使裕據關中,撫雒陽,捍拓拔嗣而營河北,拒屈丐而固秦雍,平沮渠蒙遜而收隴右,勛愈大,威愈張,晉之天下其將安往?曹丕在鄴,而漢獻遙奉以璽綬,奚必反建康以面受之於晉廷乎?蓋裕之北伐,非徒示威以逼主攘夺,而无志于中原者,青泥既败,长安失守,登高北望,慨然流涕,志欲再举,止之者謝晦、鄭鮮之也。蓋當日之貪佐命以弋利祿者,既無遠志,抑無定情,裕欲孤行其志而不得,則急遽以行篡弒,裕之初心亦絀矣。」他还稱刘裕「為功于天下,烈于曹操,而其植人才以贊成其大計,不如操遠矣。操方舉事據兗州,他務未遑,而亟于用人;逮其後而丕與叡猶多得剛直明敏之才,以匡其闕失。」显然也包括了对刘裕北伐成功的肯定。「裕起自寒微,以敢戰立功名,而雄俠自喜,與士大夫之臭味不親,故胡藩言:一談一詠,搢紳之士輻湊歸之、不如劉毅。當時在廷之士,無有為裕心腹者,孤恃一機巧汰縱之劉穆之,而又死矣;傅亮、徐羡之、謝晦,皆輕躁而無定情者也。孤危遠處于外,求以制朝廷而遙授以天下也,既不可得,且有反面相距之憂,此裕所以汔濟濡尾而僅以偏安艸竊終也。當代無才,而裕又無馭才之道也。身殂而弒奪興,況望其能相佐以成底定之功哉?曹操之所以得志于天下,而待其子始篡者,得人故也。豈徒奸雄為然乎?聖人以仁義取天下,亦視其人而已矣。」</li> <li>呂思勉則認為,劉裕急急篡位的說法只是史家附會<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E8%B2%B7%E5%BE%B7" title="王買德">王買德</a>的話<span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span>,說:「宋武代晉,在當日,業已勢如振槁,即無關、洛之績,豈慮無成?苟其急於圖,篡平<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B8%E9%A6%AC%E4%BC%91%E4%B9%8B" title="司馬休之">司馬休之</a>後,逕篡可矣,何必多伐秦一舉?武帝之於異己,雖云肆意翦除,亦特其庸中佼佼者耳,反之子必尚多。劉穆之死,後路無所付託,設有竊發,得不更詒大局之憂?欲攘外者必先安內,則武帝之南歸,亦不得訾其專為私計心也。義真雖云年少,留西之精兵良將,不為不多。<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E9%8E%AE%E6%83%A1" title="王鎮惡">王鎮惡</a>之死,在正月十四日(應為十五),而勃勃之圖長安,仍歷三時而後克,可見兵力實非不足。長安之陷,其關鍵,全在<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E8%84%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="王脩">王脩</a>之死。義真之信讒,庸非始料所及,此尤不容苟責者也。」<span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></li> <li>劉裕在對待刁逵及王謐截然不同的態度,招來了不少批評,<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%9C%9D%E6%A2%81" class="mw-redirect" title="南朝梁">南朝梁</a>湘東世子<a href="/wiki/%E8%95%AD%E6%96%B9%E7%AD%89" title="蕭方等">蕭方等</a>就曾言:「夫蛟龍潛伏,魚蝦褻之。是以漢高赦<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%8D%E9%BD%92" title="雍齒">雍齒</a>,<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%B9%E6%93%8D" title="曹操">魏武</a>赦<a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%81%E9%B5%A0" title="梁鵠">梁鵠</a>,安可以布衣之嫌而成萬乘之隙也!今王謐為公,刁逵亡族,醻恩報怨,何其狹哉。」裴子野亦言:「刁逵,玄之爪牙;王謐,楚之上相,論逆則王重,定罪則逵輕。稚遠以舊德錄萬機,長民以宿憾夷七族,以為晉政偏頗甚矣!且神龍伏於罟網,漁者安知其靈化;霸王匿於人庶,庸夫何以悟其英雄!苟在不悟則驕之者,眾可勝怨乎?是知宋高祖之非弘亮也,同盟多貮宜乎哉!」</li> <li>劉裕攻下南燕都城廣固後,因為怨恨城池久久不下,故此意圖將城內人民全部坑殺,並將其妻女賞賜給將士,只因韓範勸止才不實行,但仍然盡殺南燕王公共三千人,並抄沒萬餘人。此意圖亦招來司馬光批評:「晉自濟江以來,威靈不競,戎狄橫騖,虎噬中原。劉裕始以王師翦平東夏,不於此際旌禮賢俊,忍撫疲民,宣愷悌之風,滌殘穢之政,使群士嚮風,遺黎企踵,而更恣行屠戮以快忿心;迹其施設,曾<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%BB%E5%A0%85" class="mw-redirect" title="苻堅">苻</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A7%9A%E8%90%87" class="mw-redirect" title="姚萇">姚</a>之不如,宜其不能蕩壹四海,成美大之業,豈非雖有智勇而無仁義使之然哉!」</li> <li>王夫之在《<a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BB%E9%80%9A%E9%89%B4%E8%AE%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="读通鉴论">读通鉴论</a>》评论刘裕:“宋武兴,东灭<a href="/wiki/%E6%85%95%E5%AE%B9%E8%B6%85" title="慕容超">慕容超</a>,西灭<a href="/wiki/%E5%A7%9A%E6%B3%93" title="姚泓">姚泓</a>,<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%93%E8%B7%8B%E5%97%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="拓跋嗣">拓跋嗣</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E8%BF%9E%E5%8B%83%E5%8B%83" title="赫连勃勃">赫连勃勃</a>敛迹而穴处。自<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E6%B8%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="刘渊">刘渊</a>称乱以来,<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%96%E9%80%96" title="祖逖">祖逖</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%BE%E7%BF%BC" title="庾翼">庾翼</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%A1%93%E6%B8%A9" title="桓温">桓温</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%A2%E5%AE%89" title="谢安">谢安</a>经营百年而无能及此。后乎此者,二萧、陈氏无尺土之展,而浸以削亡。然则<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B8%E5%98%89_(%E8%A5%BF%E6%99%8B)" title="永嘉 (西晋)">永嘉</a>以降,仅延中国生人之气者,唯刘氏耳。舉晉人坐失之中原,責宋以不蕩平,沒其撻伐之功而黜之,亦大不平矣。君天下者,道也,非勢也。如以勢而已矣,則<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E5%91%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="東周">東周</a>之季,荊、吳、徐、越割土稱王,遂將黜周以與之一等;而<a href="/wiki/%E5%AC%B4%E6%94%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="嬴政">嬴政</a>統一六寓,賢于五帝、三王也遠矣。拓拔氏安得抗宋而與並肩哉?唐臣隋矣,宋臣周矣,其樂推以為正者,一天下爾。以義則假禪之名,以篡而與劉宋奚擇焉?中原喪于司馬氏之手,且愛其如綫之緒以存之;徒不念中華冠帶之區,而忍割南北為華、夷之界乎?半以委匪類而使為君,顧抑撻伐有功之主以不與唐、宋等倫哉?汉之后,唐之前,唯<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E5%AE%8B" title="刘宋">宋室</a>犹可以为中国主也。”</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="家庭"><span id=".E5.AE.B6.E5.BA.AD"></span>家庭</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%8B%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D&action=edit&section=15" title="编辑章节:家庭"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="先祖"><span id=".E5.85.88.E7.A5.96"></span>先祖</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%8B%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D&action=edit&section=16" title="编辑章节:先祖"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E4%BA%A4" title="劉交">劉交</a>,漢朝太上皇<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E5%A4%AA%E5%85%AC" title="劉太公">劉太公</a>之四子,漢高祖<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E9%82%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="劉邦">劉邦</a>之弟,封楚王,諡號楚元王,漢文帝元年卒</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="父母"><span id=".E7.88.B6.E6.AF.8D"></span>父母</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%8B%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D&action=edit&section=17" title="编辑章节:父母"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="父"><span id=".E7.88.B6"></span>父</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%8B%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D&action=edit&section=18" title="编辑章节:父"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>宋孝帝<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E7%BF%B9" title="劉翹">劉翹</a>,東晉彭城郡功曹</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="母"><span id=".E6.AF.8D"></span>母</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%8B%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D&action=edit&section=19" title="编辑章节:母"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>孝穆皇后<a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%99%E5%AE%89%E5%AE%97" title="趙安宗">趙安宗</a></li> <li>孝懿皇后<a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A7%E6%96%87%E5%AF%BF" title="萧文寿">萧文寿</a>(繼母)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="兄弟"><span id=".E5.85.84.E5.BC.9F"></span>兄弟</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%8B%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D&action=edit&section=20" title="编辑章节:兄弟"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E9%81%93%E9%84%B0" title="劉道鄰">劉道鄰</a>,劉裕二弟,封長沙王,官至太尉</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E9%81%93%E8%A6%8F" title="劉道規">劉道規</a>,劉裕三弟,晉南郡公,官至征西大將軍,劉裕篡晉前去世,獲追封臨川王</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="妻妾"><span id=".E5.A6.BB.E5.A6.BE"></span>妻妾</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%8B%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D&action=edit&section=21" title="编辑章节:妻妾"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>妻子 <ul><li>武敬皇后<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%A7%E6%84%9B%E8%A6%AA" title="臧愛親">臧愛親</a>,生<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E8%88%88%E5%BC%9F" title="劉興弟">劉興弟</a>,結髮之妻,後追贈豫章公夫人、武敬皇后</li></ul></li> <li>妾室 <ul><li>夫人<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%A0%E5%A4%AB%E4%BA%BA_(%E5%88%98%E5%AE%8B)" title="张夫人 (刘宋)">张氏</a>,生<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E7%BE%A9%E7%AC%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="劉義符">劉義符</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E6%83%A0%E5%AA%9B" title="劉惠媛">劉惠媛</a>,後為皇太后、營陽王太妃</li> <li>孫修華,生<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E7%BE%A9%E7%9C%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="劉義真">劉義真</a></li> <li>章皇太后<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E9%81%93%E5%AE%89" title="胡道安">胡道安</a>,生<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E7%BE%A9%E9%9A%86" class="mw-redirect" title="劉義隆">劉義隆</a>,後追贈婕妤、皇太后</li> <li>王修容,生<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E7%BE%A9%E5%BA%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="劉義康">劉義康</a></li> <li>袁美人,生<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E7%BE%A9%E6%81%AD" title="劉義恭">劉義恭</a></li> <li>呂美人,生<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E4%B9%89%E5%AD%A3" title="刘义季">劉義季</a></li> <li>孫美人,生<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E4%B9%89%E5%AE%A3" title="刘义宣">劉義宣</a></li> <li>符修仪,生广德公主</li> <li>姚氏,<a href="/wiki/%E5%A7%9A%E5%85%B4" title="姚兴">姚兴</a>从女<span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="子女"><span id=".E5.AD.90.E5.A5.B3"></span>子女</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%8B%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D&action=edit&section=22" title="编辑章节:子女"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="子"><span id=".E5.AD.90"></span>子</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%8B%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D&action=edit&section=23" title="编辑章节:子"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E4%B9%89%E7%AC%A6" title="刘义符">刘义符</a>,宋少帝,晉時為劉裕世子,劉裕篡位後為皇太子,並在其死後繼位,不久被輔政的<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E7%BE%A8%E4%B9%8B" title="徐羨之">徐羨之</a>等人廢黜為營陽王,隨後被殺。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E4%B9%89%E7%9C%9F" title="刘义真">刘义真</a>,晉封桂阳公,宋時封庐陵王,官至司徒,少帝時被<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E7%BE%A8%E4%B9%8B" title="徐羨之">徐羨之</a>等廢為庶人,不久被殺,后被追复。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E4%B9%89%E9%9A%86" class="mw-redirect" title="刘义隆">刘义隆</a>,宋文帝,晉時封彭城公,宋時封宜都王,官至鎮西將軍、荊州刺史。受<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E7%BE%A8%E4%B9%8B" title="徐羨之">徐羨之</a>推舉為帝。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E4%B9%89%E5%BA%B7" title="刘义康">刘义康</a>,封彭城王,官至司徒、錄尚書事、領揚州刺史,執掌朝政,但後來被貶處江州,更因<a href="/wiki/%E8%8C%83%E6%9B%84_(%E5%8F%B2%E5%AE%B6)" class="mw-redirect" title="范曄 (史家)">范曄</a>謀反之事被廢為庶人。後又因<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%83%A1%E8%AA%95%E4%B8%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="胡誕世(页面不存在)">胡誕世</a>等人欲奉劉義康謀反而被宋文帝殺害。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E7%BE%A9%E6%81%AD" title="劉義恭">刘义恭</a>,封江夏王,官至<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E5%AE%B0" title="太宰">太宰</a>,<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E5%89%8D%E5%BA%9F%E5%B8%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="宋前废帝">宋前廢帝</a>時與<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%B3%E5%85%83%E6%99%AF" title="柳元景">柳元景</a>密謀廢帝而被前廢帝肢解殺害。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E4%B9%89%E5%AE%A3" title="刘义宣">刘义宣</a>,封南郡王,曾參與討平<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E5%8A%AD_(%E5%8D%97%E5%8C%97%E6%9C%9D)" class="mw-redirect" title="刘劭 (南北朝)">劉劭</a>弒父自立的事件,官至中書監。後任荊湘二州刺史,起兵謀反事敗被捕,於獄中自殺。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E4%B9%89%E5%AD%A3" title="刘义季">刘义季</a>,封衡陽王,官至征北大將軍,劉義康被廢後酗酒終日,任徐州刺史時即使北魏南侵仍只飲酒。</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="女"><span id=".E5.A5.B3"></span>女</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%8B%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D&action=edit&section=24" title="编辑章节:女"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E8%88%88%E5%BC%9F" title="劉興弟">劉興弟</a>,劉裕長女,會稽長公主,曾封<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E8%88%88%E5%BC%9F" title="劉興弟">壽陽公主</a>,嫁<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E9%80%B5%E4%B9%8B" title="徐逵之">徐逵之</a><span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span><span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E6%A6%AE%E7%94%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="劉榮男">劉榮男</a>,吳興長公主,嫁<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%81%83" title="王偃">王偃</a><span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%A3%E5%BE%B7%E5%85%AC%E4%B8%BB_(%E5%8D%97%E6%9C%9D%E5%AE%8B)" class="mw-redirect" title="廣德公主 (南朝宋)">广德公主</a>。<span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></li> <li>宣城公主,嫁周嶠<span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></li> <li>新安公主,嫁王景深<span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></li> <li>吳郡公主,妹始安公主死後嫁<a href="/wiki/%E8%A4%9A%E6%B9%9B%E4%B9%8B" title="褚湛之">褚湛之</a>為繼室<span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></li> <li>富陽公主,嫁徐喬之<span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></li> <li>始安公主,嫁褚湛之<span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E6%83%A0%E5%AA%9B" title="劉惠媛">劉惠媛</a>,義興長公主<span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E6%AC%A3%E7%94%B7" title="劉欣男">劉欣男</a>,劉裕幼女,豫章長公主,先嫁<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%90%E5%96%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="徐喬">徐喬</a>,後嫁<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%95%E7%91%80" title="何瑀">何瑀</a><span id="refTag-cite_ref-sup"><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>參 44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="文學作品中的形象"><span id=".E6.96.87.E5.AD.B8.E4.BD.9C.E5.93.81.E4.B8.AD.E7.9A.84.E5.BD.A2.E8.B1.A1"></span>文學作品中的形象</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%8B%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D&action=edit&section=25" title="编辑章节:文學作品中的形象"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>在黃易小說《<a href="/wiki/%E9%82%8A%E8%8D%92%E5%82%B3%E8%AA%AA" title="邊荒傳說">邊荒傳說</a>》中,劉裕是書中三位主角之一,與另一主角燕飛交好,而和另一主角拓跋珪亦敵亦友。劉裕出場時為<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%BA%9C%E5%85%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="北府兵">北府兵</a>一名斥候,藉<a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%9D%E6%B0%B4%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="淝水之戰">淝水之戰</a>中嶄露頭角,並得<a href="/wiki/%E8%AC%9D%E7%8E%84" class="mw-redirect" title="謝玄">謝玄</a>賞識,最後成為南方最有權勢的人。雖心愛王淡真,卻因王淡真被家族關係羈絆而未能一起。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="註釋"><span id=".E8.A8.BB.E9.87.8B"></span>註釋</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%8B%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D&action=edit&section=26" title="编辑章节:註釋"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="references-NoteFoot"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">桓玄於元興元年十月殺<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="高素">高素</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AB%BA%E8%AC%99%E4%B9%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="竺謙之(页面不存在)">竺謙之</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AB%BA%E6%9C%97%E4%B9%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="竺朗之(页面不存在)">竺朗之</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E8%A5%B2" title="劉襲">劉襲</a>及<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%89%E5%AD%A3%E6%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="劉季武(页面不存在)">劉季武</a>;元興二年正月殺<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%AB%E7%84%A1%E7%B5%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="孫無終(页面不存在)">孫無終</a>。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">十郡為<a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%AD%E5%9F%8E%E9%83%A1" title="彭城郡">彭城郡</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%9B%E9%83%A1" title="沛郡">沛郡</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B0%E9%99%B5%E9%83%A1" title="兰陵郡">蘭陵郡</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8B%E9%82%B3%E9%83%A1" title="下邳郡">下邳郡</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%AE%E9%98%B3%E9%83%A1_(%E4%B8%9C%E6%99%8B)" title="淮阳郡 (东晋)">淮陽郡</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E9%99%BD%E9%83%A1" title="山陽郡">山陽郡</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%A3%E9%99%B5%E9%83%A1" title="廣陵郡">廣陵郡</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%B9%B3%E9%83%A1_(%E5%90%8E%E8%B5%B5)" class="mw-redirect" title="高平郡 (后赵)">高平郡</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%AF%E9%83%A1" title="魯郡">魯郡</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E5%B1%B1%E9%83%A1" title="泰山郡">泰山郡</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">十郡為<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E9%99%B5%E9%83%A1" title="海陵郡">海陵郡</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%9D%B1%E6%B5%B7%E9%83%A1" title="北東海郡">北東海郡</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E8%AD%99%E9%83%A1" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="北譙郡">北譙郡</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%A2%81%E9%83%A1" title="北梁郡">北梁郡</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E8%94%A1%E9%83%A1_(%E5%88%98%E5%AE%8B)" title="新蔡郡 (刘宋)">新蔡郡</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E9%99%B3%E7%95%99%E9%83%A1" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="北陳留郡">北陳留郡</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B3%E9%83%A1" title="陳郡">陳郡</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9D%E5%8D%97%E9%83%A1" title="汝南郡">汝南郡</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%BD%81%E5%B7%9D%E9%83%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="潁川郡">潁川郡</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%8E%E9%99%BD%E9%83%A1" title="滎陽郡">滎陽郡</a>。</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="延伸阅读"><span id=".E5.BB.B6.E4.BC.B8.E9.98.85.E8.AF.BB"></span>延伸阅读</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%8B%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D&action=edit&section=27" title="编辑章节:延伸阅读"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="mw-editsection-like plainlinks" style="float: right;"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49699" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q49699"><span class="nomobile">在维基数据</span>编<span class="nomobile">辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span> </p> <dl><dd><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="维基文库"><img alt="维基文库中的相关文本:" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/15px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/23px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/30px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> 《<a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B71#劉裕" class="extiw" title="s:宋書/卷1">宋書/卷1</a>》,出自<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%88%E7%BA%A6" title="沈约">沈约</a>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E4%B9%A6" title="宋书">宋书</a>》</dd> <dd><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="维基文库"><img alt="维基文库中的相关文本:" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/15px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/23px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/30px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> 《<a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B72#劉裕" class="extiw" title="s:宋書/卷2">宋書·卷2</a>》,出自<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%88%E7%BA%A6" title="沈约">沈约</a>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E4%B9%A6" title="宋书">宋书</a>》</dd> <dd><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="维基文库"><img alt="维基文库中的相关文本:" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/15px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/23px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/30px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> 《<a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B73#劉裕" class="extiw" title="s:宋書/卷3">宋書·卷3</a>》,出自<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%88%E7%BA%A6" title="沈约">沈约</a>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E4%B9%A6" title="宋书">宋书</a>》</dd> <dd><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="维基文库"><img alt="维基文库中的相关文本:" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/15px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/23px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/30px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> 《<a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E9%AD%8F%E6%9B%B8/%E5%8D%B797#劉裕" class="extiw" title="s:魏書/卷97">魏書·卷97</a>》,出自<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%8F%E6%94%B6" title="魏收">魏收</a>《<a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%8F%E4%B9%A6" title="魏书">魏书</a>》</dd> <dd><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="维基文库"><img alt="维基文库中的相关文本:" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/15px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/23px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/30px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> 《<a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%8F%B2/%E5%8D%B701#劉裕" class="extiw" title="s:南史/卷01">南史·卷01</a>》,出自<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E5%BB%B6%E5%AF%BF" title="李延寿">李延壽</a>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%8F%B2" title="南史">南史</a>》</dd> <dd><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="维基共享资源"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> 在<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90" title="维基共享资源">维基共享资源</a><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Song_Wu_Di" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Song Wu Di">阅览影像</a></b></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%8B%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D&action=edit&section=28" title="编辑章节:参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="引用"><span id=".E5.BC.95.E7.94.A8"></span>引用</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%8B%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D&action=edit&section=29" title="编辑章节:引用"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r80540462">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100{font-size:100%}</style><div class="refbegin columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《宋書·符瑞志上》:皇考以高祖生有奇異,名為奇奴。皇妣既殂,養于舅氏,改為寄奴焉。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">羅建倫. 〈宋武帝刘裕文学雅集略考〉. 湖南師範大學《中國文學研究》. 2012, (4): 26–29+35.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%AE%8B%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D&rft.atitle=%E3%80%88%E5%AE%8B%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D%E5%88%98%E8%A3%95%E6%96%87%E5%AD%A6%E9%9B%85%E9%9B%86%E7%95%A5%E8%80%83%E3%80%89&rft.au=%E7%BE%85%E5%BB%BA%E5%80%AB&rft.date=2012&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=4&rft.jtitle=%E6%B9%96%E5%8D%97%E5%B8%AB%E7%AF%84%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8%E3%80%8A%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E6%96%87%E5%AD%B8%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E3%80%8B&rft.pages=26-29%2B35&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《宋書·武帝紀上》:「高祖位微於朝,眾無一旅,奮臂草萊之中,倡大義以復皇祚。由是王謐等諸人時失民望,莫不愧而憚焉。」</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-南燕內訌-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-南燕內訌_4-0"><sup><b>4.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-南燕內訌_4-1"><sup><b>4.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">《晋书·卷一百二十八》:「初,超自长安行至梁父,慕容法时为兗州,镇南长史悦寿还谓法曰:「『向见北海王子,天资弘雅,神爽高迈,始知天族多奇,玉林皆宝。』法曰:『昔成方遂诈称卫太子,人莫辩之,此复天族乎?』超闻而恚恨,形于言色。法亦怒,处之外馆,由是结憾。及德死,法又不奔丧,超遣使让焉。法常惧祸至,因此遂与慕容钟、段宏等谋反。超知而征之,钟称疾不赴,于是收其党侍中慕容统、右卫慕容根、散骑常侍段封诛之,车裂仆射封嵩于东门之外。」</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-後秦內鬥-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-後秦內鬥_5-0"><sup><b>5.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-後秦內鬥_5-1"><sup><b>5.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">《晋书·卷一百十九》:「兴既死,秘不发丧。南阳公姚愔及大将军尹元等谋为乱,泓皆诛之。命其齐公姚恢杀安定太守吕超,恢久乃诛之。泓疑恢有阴谋,恢自是怀贰,阴聚兵甲焉。……泓以内外离叛,王师渐逼,岁旦朝群臣于其前殿,凄然流涕,群臣皆泣。时征北姚恢率安定镇户三万八千,焚烧室宇,以车为方阵,自北雍州趣长安,自称大都督、建义大将军,移檄州郡,欲除君侧之恶。扬威姜纪率众奔之。建节彭完都闻恢将至,弃阴密,奔还长安。恢至新支,姜纪说恢曰:『国家重将在东,京师空虚,公可轻兵径袭,事必克矣。』恢不从,乃南攻郿城。镇西姚谌为恢所败,恢军势弥盛,长安大震。泓驰使征绍,遣姚裕及辅国胡翼度屯于沣西。扶风太守姚隽、安夷护军姚墨蠡、建威姚娥都、扬威彭蚝皆惧而降恢。恢舅苟和时为立节将军,守忠不贰,泓召而谓之曰:『众人咸怀去就,卿何能自安邪?』和曰:『若天纵妖贼,得肆其逆节者,舅甥之理,不待奔驰而加亲。如其罪极逆销,天盈其罚者,守忠执志,臣之体也。违亲叛君,臣之所耻。』泓善其忠恕,加金章紫绶。姚绍率轻骑先赴难,使姚洽、司马国璠将步卒三万赴长安。恢从曲牢进屯杜成,绍与恢相持于灵台。姚赞闻恢渐逼,留宁朔尹雅为弘农太守,守潼关,率诸军还长安。泓谢赞曰:『元子不能崇明德义,导率群下,致祸起萧墙,变自同气,既上负祖宗,亦无颜见诸父。懿始构逆灭亡,恢复拥众内叛,将若之何?」赞曰:「懿等所以敢称兵内侮者,谅由臣等轻弱,无防遏之方故也。』因攘袂大泣曰:『臣与大将军不灭此贼,终不持面复见陛下!』泓于是班赐军士而遣之。恢众见诸军悉集,咸惧而思善,其将齐黄等弃恢而降。恢进军逼绍,赞自后要击,大破之,杀恢及其三弟。」</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《宋書》卷1:高祖武皇帝讳裕,字德舆,小名寄奴,彭城县绥舆里人,汉高帝弟楚元王交之后也。交生红懿侯富,富生宗正辟强,辟强生阳城缪侯德,德生阳城节侯安民,安民生阳城厘侯庆忌,庆忌生阳城肃侯岑,岑生宗正平,平生东武城令某,某生东莱太守景,景生明经洽,洽生博士弘,弘生琅邪都尉悝,悝生魏定襄太守某,某生邪城令亮,亮生晋北平太守膺,膺生相国掾熙,熙生开封令旭孙。旭孙生混,始过江,居晋陵郡丹徒县之京口里,官至武原令。混生东安太守靖,靖生郡功曹翘,是为皇考。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《魏書》卷97:岛夷刘裕,字德舆,晋陵丹徒人也。其先不知所出,自云本彭城彭城人,或云本姓项,改为刘氏,然亦莫可寻也,故其与丛亭、安上诸刘了无宗次。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《宋書·后妃傳·孝穆皇后》:「后以產疾殂於丹徒官舍。」</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《宋書·劉懷肅傳》:「初,高祖產而皇妣殂,孝皇帝貧薄,無由得乳人,議欲舉高祖。高祖從母生懷敬,未期,乃斷懷敬乳,而自養高祖。」</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《魏書·劉裕傳》:「裕家本寒微,住在京口,恆以賣履為業。意氣楚剌,僅識文字,樗蒲傾產,為時賤薄。」</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《晉書·王謐傳》:「初,劉裕為布衣,惟謐獨奇貴之,嘗謂裕曰:『卿當為一代英雄。』」</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《晉書·安帝紀》:「壬戌,桓玄司徒王謐推劉裕行鎮軍將軍、徐州刺史、都督揚徐兗豫青冀幽並八州諸軍事、假節」《宋書·武帝紀》:「於是推高祖為使持節、都督揚徐兗豫青冀幽并八州諸軍事、領軍將軍、徐州刺史。」《建康實錄·卷十》:「裕都督揚徐等州諸軍事、鎮軍將軍、徐州刺史。」《南史·宋本紀上》:「帝為鎮軍將軍、都督八州諸軍事、徐州刺史、領軍將軍。」</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《宋書·劉穆之傳》載劉穆之言:「今朝議如此,宜相酬答,必云在我,厝辭又難。唯應云『神州治本,宰輔崇要,興喪所階,宜加詳擇。此事既大,非可懸論,便暫入朝,共盡同異。』公至京彼必不敢越公更授餘人明矣。」</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《晉書·諸葛長民傳》:「(諸葛長民)自以多行無禮,恆懼國憲。及劉毅被誅,長民謂所親曰:『昔年醢彭越,前年殺韓信,禍其至矣!』謀欲爲亂,……長民弟黎民輕狡好利,固勸之曰:『黥彭異體而勢不偏全,劉毅之誅,亦諸葛氏之懼,可因裕未還以圖之。』長民猶豫未發,」</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">杨铭,论刘裕北伐后秦之战及其历史影响,西南民族大学学报人文社科版,2008年2期。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《建康實錄·卷十》:(元熙元年)秋八月,進劉裕為宋王。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《宋書·褚叔度傳》:及恭帝遜位,居秣陵宮,常懼見禍,與褚后共止一室,慮有酖毒,自煮食於牀前。高祖將殺之,不欲遣人入內,令淡之兄弟視褚后,褚后出別室相見,兵入乃踰垣而入,進藥於恭帝。帝不肯飲,曰:「佛教自殺者不得復人身」。乃以被掩殺之。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《讀通鑒論·卷十五》:宋可以有天下者也,而其為神人之所憤怒者,惡莫烈於弒君。篡之相仍,自曹氏而已然,宋因之耳。弒則自宋倡之。其後相習,而受奪之主必死於兵與酖。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《晉書·刁逵傳》:「子姪無少長皆死,惟小弟聘被宥,為給事中,尋謀反伏誅,刁氏遂滅。刁氏素殷富,奴客縱橫,固吝山澤,為京口之蠹。裕散其資蓄,令百姓稱力而取之,彌日不盡。時天下饑弊,編戶賴之以濟焉。」</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《晉書·安帝紀》:「罷臨沂、湖熟皇后脂澤田四十頃,以賜貧人。」</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《宋書·禮志二》:「宋武帝永初元年,詔遣大使分行四方,舉善旌賢,問其疾苦。」</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《宋書·武帝紀中》載劉裕至江陵時下書:「凡租稅調役,悉宜以見戶為正。州郡縣屯田池塞,諸非軍國所資,利入守宰者,今一切除之。」</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《宋書·朱齡石傳》:「高祖與齡石密謀進取:『劉敬宣往年出黃武,無功而退。賊謂我今應從外水而往,而料我當出其不意,猶從內水來也。如此,必以重兵守涪城,以備內道。若向黃武,正陊其計。今以大眾自外水取成都,疑兵出內水,此制敵之奇也。』……譙縱果備內水,使其大將譙道福以重兵戍涪城。」</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《晉書·劉毅傳》:「初,裕征盧循,凱歸,帝大宴於西池,有詔賦詩。毅詩云:『六國多雄士,正始出風流』自知武功不競,故示文雅有餘也。」</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《宋書·劉穆之傳》:「高祖書素拙,穆之曰:『此雖小事,然宣彼四遠,願公小復留。』高祖既不能厝意,又稟分有在。穆之乃曰:『但縱筆為大字,一字徑尺,無嫌。大既足有所包,且其勢亦美。』」</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《晉書·王謐傳》:「及玄將篡,以謐兼太保,奉璽冊詣玄。玄篡,封武昌縣開國公,加班劍二十人。」</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E5%B9%B3%E5%BE%A1%E8%A6%BD/0128" class="extiw" title="s:太平御覽/0128">太平御覽·卷一百二十八·偏霸部十二·宋·劉裕</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%99%AF%E5%AE%9A%E5%BB%BA%E5%BA%B7%E5%BF%97_(%E5%9B%9B%E5%BA%AB%E5%85%A8%E6%9B%B8%E6%9C%AC)/%E5%8D%B708" class="extiw" title="s:景定建康志 (四庫全書本)/卷08">景定建康志·巻八</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%97%9D%E6%96%87%E9%A1%9E%E8%81%9A/%E5%8D%B7087#益智" class="extiw" title="s:藝文類聚/卷087">藝文類聚·卷八十七·果部下·益智</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E8%B3%87%E6%B2%BB%E9%80%9A%E9%91%91/%E5%8D%B7118" class="extiw" title="s:資治通鑑/卷118">資治通鑑·卷一百一十八·晉紀四十</a>》</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《晉書·載記·<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E9%80%A3%E5%8B%83%E5%8B%83" class="mw-redirect" title="赫連勃勃">赫連勃勃</a>傳》載王買德言:「劉裕滅秦,所謂以亂平亂,未有德政以濟蒼生。關中形勝之地,而以弱才小兒守之,非經遠之規也。狼狽而返者,欲速成篡事耳。無暇有意於中原。」</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">呂思勉《兩晉南北朝史》上海古籍出版社,1983年,三二零至三二一頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E4%B9%A6" title="宋书">宋书</a> 卷三 本纪第三 武帝下》上清简寡欲,严整有法度......平关中,得姚兴从女,有盛宠,以之废事。谢晦谏,即时遣出。</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《宋書·后妃·武敬皇后傳》:「后適高祖。生會稽宣長公主興弟。」</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> 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href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《宋書·徐羨之傳》:「子喬之,尚高祖第六女富陽公主。」</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《宋書·褚湛之傳》:「秀之弟湛之字休玄,尚高祖第七女始安哀公主。」</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《宋書·后妃·張夫人傳》:「義熙初,得幸高祖,生少帝,又生義興恭長公主惠媛。」</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">《宋書·后妃·前廢帝何皇后傳》:「瑀尚高祖少女豫章康長公主諱欣男。公主先適徐喬。」</span> </li> </ol> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="来源"><span id=".E6.9D.A5.E6.BA.90"></span>来源</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%8B%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D&action=edit&section=30" title="编辑章节:来源"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r80540462"><div class="refbegin" style=""> <dl><dt>书籍</dt></dl> <ul><li>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%8F%B2" title="南史">南史</a>·宋本紀上·劉裕傳》</li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E6%9B%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="宋書">宋書</a>》(武帝紀上、中、下)</li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%87%E6%B2%BB%E9%80%9A%E9%91%91" title="資治通鑑">資治通鑑</a>》(卷一百一十一至一百一十九)</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部連結"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.80.A3.E7.B5.90"></span>外部連結</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AE%8B%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D&action=edit&section=31" title="编辑章节:外部連結"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%8F%B2/%E5%8D%B701" class="extiw" title="s:南史/卷01">宋本紀上第一 武帝</a></li></ul> <div style="clear: both; height: 1em"></div> <table class="wikitable succession-box" style="width: auto; margin: 0.5em auto; font-size:95%; clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFD700; text-align:center;"><div>宋武帝 </div><div><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%8C%97%E6%9C%9D" title="南北朝">南朝</a></b></div><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:90%; margin:2em"><b>出生于:</b>363年</span><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:90%; margin:2em"><b>逝世於:</b>422年</span> </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ACE777;">統治者頭銜 </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>新頭銜</b> </td> <td width="40%" style="text-align: center; white-space:nowrap;" rowspan="1"><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%8C%97%E6%9C%9D%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8#宋" title="南北朝君主列表">劉宋皇帝</a></b><br />420年-422年 </td> <td width="30%" align="center" rowspan="2">繼任:<br /><b><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E7%BE%A9%E7%AC%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="劉義符">宋少帝</a></b><br /><small>劉義符</small> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center; white-space:nowrap;"> <td width="30%" align="center" rowspan="1">前任:<br /><b><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%89%E6%81%AD%E5%B8%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="晉恭帝">晉恭帝</a></b><br /><small>司馬德文</small> </td> <td width="40%" style="text-align: center; white-space:nowrap;" rowspan="1"><b><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="中國君主列表">中國南部君主</a></b><br />420年-422年 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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.mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%8D%97%E6%9C%9D%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:南朝君主"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E5%8D%97%E6%9C%9D%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template talk:南朝君主"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E5%8D%97%E6%9C%9D%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:南朝君主"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="南朝(含侯汉)君主" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%8C%97%E6%9C%9D" title="南北朝">南朝</a>(含<a href="/wiki/%E4%BE%AF%E6%99%AF" title="侯景">侯汉</a>)<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%8C%97%E6%9C%9D%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="南北朝君主列表">君主</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color: #ffe6a1; font-size: 90%;"><div>详见:<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%8C%97%E6%9C%9D%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8#南朝" title="南北朝君主列表">南朝君主列表</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffe6a1;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E5%AE%8B" title="刘宋">宋</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffe6a1;">追尊</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E7%BF%B9" title="劉翹">孝皇帝</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffe6a1;">统治</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">高祖武皇帝</a> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E4%B9%89%E7%AC%A6" title="刘义符">少帝</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E6%96%87%E5%B8%9D" title="宋文帝">太祖文皇帝</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E5%8A%AD_(%E5%88%98%E5%AE%8B)" title="刘劭 (刘宋)">皇长子刘劭</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E5%AD%9D%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D" title="宋孝武帝">世祖孝武皇帝</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E5%AD%90%E4%B8%9A" title="刘子业">前废帝</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E6%98%8E%E5%B8%9D" title="宋明帝">太宗明皇帝</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E6%98%B1" title="劉昱">后废帝</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E9%A1%BA%E5%B8%9D" title="宋顺帝">順皇帝</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffe6a1;">自立</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E5%AD%90%E5%8B%9B" title="劉子勛">晋安王</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffe6a1;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E9%BD%90" title="南齐">齐</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffe6a1;">追尊</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A7%E6%89%BF%E4%B9%8B" title="萧承之">宣皇帝</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%95%AD%E9%95%B7%E6%87%8B" title="蕭長懋">世宗文皇帝</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%95%AD%E9%81%93%E7%94%9F" title="蕭道生">景皇</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffe6a1;">统治</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E8%95%AD%E9%81%93%E6%88%90" title="蕭道成">太祖高皇帝</a> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%90%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D" title="齐武帝">世祖武皇帝</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A7%E6%98%AD%E4%B8%9A" title="萧昭业">郁林王</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A7%E6%98%AD%E6%96%87" title="萧昭文">海陵恭王</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%90%E6%98%8E%E5%B8%9D" title="齐明帝">高宗明皇帝</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E8%95%AD%E5%AF%B6%E5%8D%B7" title="蕭寶卷">东昏侯</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%90%E5%92%8C%E5%B8%9D" title="齐和帝">和皇帝</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffe6a1;">自立</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A7%E5%AE%9D%E5%A4%A4" title="萧宝夤">鄱阳王</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffe6a1;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%81_(%E5%8D%97%E6%9C%9D)" title="梁 (南朝)">梁</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffe6a1;">追尊</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E8%95%AD%E9%A0%86%E4%B9%8B" title="蕭順之">太祖文皇帝</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A7%E7%BB%9F" title="萧统">高宗昭明皇帝</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%95%AD%E6%AD%A1" title="蕭歡">安皇帝</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffe6a1;">统治</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%81%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D" title="梁武帝">高祖武皇帝</a> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%81%E7%AE%80%E6%96%87%E5%B8%9D" title="梁简文帝">太宗簡文皇帝</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E8%90%A7%E6%A0%8B" title="萧栋">淮阴王</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%81%E5%85%83%E5%B8%9D" title="梁元帝">世祖元皇帝</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%81%E9%96%94%E5%B8%9D" title="梁閔帝">閔皇帝</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%81%E6%95%AC%E5%B8%9D" title="梁敬帝">敬皇帝</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffe6a1;">自立</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E8%95%AD%E6%AD%A3%E5%BE%B7" title="蕭正德">临贺王</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%95%AD%E7%B4%80" title="蕭紀">武陵贞献王</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%95%AD%E8%8E%8A" title="蕭莊">永嘉王</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffe6a1;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8E%E6%A2%81_(%E5%8D%97%E6%9C%9D)" class="mw-redirect" title="后梁 (南朝)">后梁</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%81%E5%AE%A3%E5%B8%9D" title="梁宣帝">中宗宣皇帝</a> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%81%E6%98%8E%E5%B8%9D" title="梁明帝">世宗孝明皇帝</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E8%95%AD%E7%90%AE" title="蕭琮">孝靖皇帝</a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffe6a1;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BE%AF%E6%99%AF" title="侯景">侯汉</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffe6a1;">追尊</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BE%AF%E6%A8%99" class="mw-redirect" title="侯標">元皇帝</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffe6a1;">统治</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BE%AF%E6%99%AF" title="侯景">侯景</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffe6a1;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B3_(%E5%8D%97%E6%9C%9D)" title="陳 (南朝)">陈</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffe6a1;">追尊</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E6%96%87%E8%B5%9E" title="陈文赞">太祖景皇帝</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color: #ffe6a1;">统治</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E9%9C%B8%E5%85%88" title="陈霸先">高祖武皇帝</a> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E6%96%87%E5%B8%9D" title="陈文帝">世祖文皇帝</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B3%E5%BB%A2%E5%B8%9D" title="陳廢帝">臨海王</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E5%AE%A3%E5%B8%9D" title="陈宣帝">高宗孝宣皇帝</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E5%90%8E%E4%B8%BB" title="陈后主">后主</a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color: #ffe6a1;"><div><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%89%E7%9A%87%E4%BA%94%E5%B8%9D" title="Template:三皇五帝"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">三皇五帝</span></a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%A4%8F%E6%9C%9D%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:夏朝君主"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">夏</span></a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%95%86%E6%9C%9D%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:商朝君主"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">商</span></a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9D%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:周朝君主"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">周</span></a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%A7%A6%E5%9B%BD%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:秦国君主"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">秦</span></a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%BC%A2%E6%9C%9D%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:漢朝君主"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">汉</span></a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:三國君主"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">三国</span></a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%99%89%E6%9C%9D%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:晉朝君主"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">晋</span></a> /</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%BA%94%E8%83%A1%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:五胡十六國君主"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">十六国</span></a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%85%83%E9%AD%8F%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:元魏君主"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">北魏</span></a> /</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%8D%97%E6%9C%9D%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:南朝君主"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">南朝</span></a> –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%8C%97%E9%BD%90%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:北齐君主"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">北齐</span></a> –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%8C%97%E5%91%A8%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:北周君主"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">北周</span></a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%9A%8B%E6%9C%9D%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:隋朝君主"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">隋</span></a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%94%90%E6%9C%9D%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:唐朝君主"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">唐</span></a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%BA%94%E4%BB%A3%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:五代君主"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">五代</span></a> –</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%8D%81%E5%9C%8B%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:十國君主"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">十國</span></a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%AE%8B%E6%9C%9D%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:宋朝君主"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">宋</span></a> /</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E8%A5%BF%E5%A4%8F%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:西夏君主"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">西夏</span></a> /</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E8%BE%BD%E6%9C%9D%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:辽朝君主"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">辽</span></a> /</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%87%91%E6%9C%9D%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:金朝君主"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">金</span></a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%85%83%E6%9C%9D%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:元朝君主"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">元</span></a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%9D%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:明朝君主"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">明</span></a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%B8%85%E6%9C%9D%E5%90%9B%E4%B8%BB" title="Template:清朝君主"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">清</span></a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E5%85%83%E9%A6%96" title="Template:中華民國國家元首"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">民国</span></a> /</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%85%83%E9%A6%96" title="Template:中华人民共和国国家元首"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#0645AD">人民共和国</span></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="南北朝歷史事件" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%8D%97%E5%8C%97%E6%9C%9D%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:南北朝歷史事件"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E5%8D%97%E5%8C%97%E6%9C%9D%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template talk:南北朝歷史事件"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E5%8D%97%E5%8C%97%E6%9C%9D%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:南北朝歷史事件"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="南北朝歷史事件" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E5%8C%97%E6%9C%9D" title="南北朝">南北朝</a>歷史事件</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">南朝</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">劉裕篡晉</a> · <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E9%AD%8F%E6%94%BB%E5%AE%8B%E6%B2%B3%E5%8D%97%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="北魏攻宋河南之战">河南之战</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E5%98%89%E4%B9%8B%E6%B2%BB" title="元嘉之治">元嘉之治</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E5%98%89%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" title="元嘉北伐">元嘉北伐</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B1%E7%9C%99%E4%B9%8B%E5%9B%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="盱眙之围">盱眙之围</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E5%AE%8B%E5%AE%97%E5%AE%A4%E5%85%A7%E8%A8%8C" title="劉宋宗室內訌">宋室內鬨</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E4%B9%89%E5%AE%A3" title="刘义宣">刘义宣之乱</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%98%E8%AF%9E_(%E5%88%98%E5%AE%8B)" title="刘诞 (刘宋)">竟陵王之乱</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%89%E5%AD%90%E5%8B%9B" title="劉子勛">义嘉之难</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E5%B7%9E%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="青州之战">青州之战</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E8%95%AD%E9%81%93%E6%88%90" title="蕭道成">蕭道成篡宋</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%94%90%E3%9D%A2%E4%B9%8B%E8%B5%B7%E4%BA%8B" title="唐㝢之起事">唐寓之起义</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B8%E6%98%8E%E4%B9%8B%E6%B2%BB" title="永明之治">永明之治</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B8%E7%AD%BE" title="典签">典籤之亂</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%A2%81%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D" title="梁武帝">萧衍篡齊與天監之治</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%98%8E%E6%9B%86_(%E7%A5%96%E6%B2%96%E4%B9%8B)" title="大明曆 (祖沖之)">大明曆</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%AE%E5%B1%B1%E5%A0%B0" title="浮山堰">浮山堰崩塌</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8D%BE%E9%9B%A2%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="鍾離之戰">鍾離之戰</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B3%E6%85%B6%E4%B9%8B%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" title="陳慶之北伐">陈庆之北伐</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E9%A2%A2" title="元颢">元颢入洛</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E7%81%AD%E8%AE%BA%E8%AE%BA%E6%88%98" title="神灭论论战">神灭论论战</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BE%AF%E6%99%AF%E4%B9%8B%E4%B9%B1" title="侯景之乱">侯景之乱</a>(<a href="/wiki/%E4%BE%AF%E6%99%AF%E4%B9%8B%E4%B9%B1" title="侯景之乱">建康城破</a>) ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E8%95%AD%E7%B4%80" title="蕭紀">萧纪称帝</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E9%99%B5%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="江陵之戰">江陵之戰與西梁建立</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E9%9C%B8%E5%85%88" title="陈霸先">陈霸先建陈</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E7%90%B3_(%E5%B7%B4%E9%99%B5%E9%83%A1%E7%8E%8B)" title="王琳 (巴陵郡王)">王琳存梁抗陳</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E6%96%87%E5%B8%9D" title="陈文帝">天嘉小康</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E5%AE%A3%E5%B8%9D" title="陈宣帝">陳頊廢帝</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E5%BB%BA%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" title="太建北伐">太建北伐</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%8B%E6%BB%85%E9%99%B3%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="隋滅陳之戰">隋滅陳之戰</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">北朝</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E9%AD%8F%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E5%8C%97%E6%96%B9" title="北魏統一北方">北魏統一北方</a> · <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%96%E5%90%B4%E8%B5%B7%E4%BA%8B" title="盖吴起事">盖吴起事</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E9%AD%8F%E5%A4%AA%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D%E7%81%AD%E4%BD%9B" title="北魏太武帝灭佛">北魏太武帝灭佛</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%8F%B2%E4%B9%8B%E7%8B%B1" title="国史之狱">国史之狱</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B2%E5%B2%A1%E7%9F%B3%E7%AA%9F" title="雲岡石窟">云冈石窟开凿</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9D%E6%96%87%E5%B8%9D%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9" title="孝文帝改革">孝文帝改革</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%9D%87%E7%94%B0%E5%88%B6" title="均田制">均田制</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E9%95%BF%E5%88%B6" title="三长制">三长制</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E9%BE%99%E9%97%A8%E7%9F%B3%E7%AA%9F" title="龙门石窟">龙门石窟开凿</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E6%85%B6%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="法慶事件">法慶事件</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E9%9B%B2" title="宋雲">天竺取经</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B3%E9%99%87%E8%B5%B7%E4%B9%89" title="关陇起义">关陇起义</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E9%95%87%E4%B9%8B%E4%B9%B1" title="六镇之乱">六镇之乱</a>(<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E5%8C%97%E8%B5%B7%E4%BA%8B" title="河北起事">河北起事</a>) ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E7%BB%8F%E6%B3%A8" title="水经注">水经注</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E9%98%B4%E4%B9%8B%E5%8F%98" title="河阴之变">河阴之变</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E9%99%B5%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="韓陵之戰">韓陵之戰</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9D%E6%AD%A6%E8%A5%BF%E8%BF%81" title="孝武西迁">孝武西迁</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E9%AD%8F%E5%88%86%E8%A3%82" title="北魏分裂">北魏分裂</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E5%85%B3%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" class="mw-redirect" title="小关之战">小关之战</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E8%8B%91%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="沙苑之戰">沙苑之战</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E6%A1%A5%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98" title="河桥之战">河桥之战</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E9%82%99%E5%B1%B1%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0_(543%E5%B9%B4)" title="邙山之戰 (543年)">邙山之戰 (543年)</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%89%E5%A3%81%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0_(546%E5%B9%B4)" title="玉壁之戰 (546年)">玉壁之戰</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%9C%E5%85%B5%E5%88%B6" title="府兵制">府兵制改革</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%99%E5%B1%B1%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%98_(564%E5%B9%B4)" title="邙山之战 (564年)">邙山之战 </a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%91%A8%E6%AD%A6%E5%B8%9D%E7%81%AD%E4%BD%9B" title="北周武帝灭佛">北周武帝灭佛</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%91%A8%E6%BB%85%E5%8C%97%E9%BD%8A%E4%B9%8B%E6%88%B0" title="北周滅北齊之戰">北周統一北方</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E7%B8%BD%E7%AE%A1%E4%B9%8B%E4%BA%82" title="三總管之亂">尉遲迥之亂</a> ·</span> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%8B%E6%96%87%E5%B8%9D" title="隋文帝">楊堅称帝</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="padding: 0px;"><div><div style="background-color:#8B2323;font-weight:bold;color:white;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2%E5%B9%B4%E8%A1%A8" title="中国历史年表"><span style="color:white">中國歷史事件</span></a></div> <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%82%B3%E7%96%91%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:中國傳疑時代歷史事件">傳疑時代</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%A4%8F%E6%9C%9D%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:夏朝歷史事件">夏朝</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%95%86%E6%9C%9D%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:商朝歷史事件">商朝</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E8%A5%BF%E5%91%A8%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:西周歷史事件">西周</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ 東周(<a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%98%A5%E7%A7%8B%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:春秋歷史事件">春秋</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%88%B0%E5%9C%8B%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:戰國歷史事件">戰國</a>)</span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%A7%A6%E6%9C%9D%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:秦朝歷史事件">秦朝</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%BC%A2%E6%9C%9D%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:漢朝歷史事件">漢朝</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:三國歷史事件">三國</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%99%89%E6%9C%9D%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:晉朝歷史事件">晉朝</a>/<a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%BA%94%E8%83%A1%E5%8D%81%E5%85%AD%E5%9C%8B%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:五胡十六國歷史事件">十六國</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <b>南北朝</b> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%9A%8B%E6%9C%9D%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:隋朝歷史事件">隋朝</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%94%90%E6%9C%9D%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:唐朝歷史事件">唐朝</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%BA%94%E4%BB%A3%E5%8D%81%E5%9C%8B%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:五代十國歷史事件">五代十國</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%AE%8B%E6%9C%9D%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:宋朝歷史事件">宋朝</a>/<a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%81%BC%E9%87%91%E5%A4%8F%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:遼金夏歷史事件">遼金夏</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%85%83%E6%9C%9D%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:元朝歷史事件">元朝</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%98%8E%E6%9C%9D%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:明朝歷史事件">明朝</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%B8%85%E6%9C%9D%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="Template:清朝歷史事件">清朝</a> </span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%B8%E6%99%82%E6%9C%9F" title="中華民國大陸時期">中華民國</a></span> <span class="nowrap">→ <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B" title="中華民國">中華民國</a>/<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国">中华人民共和国</a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">国际</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/387752/">FAST</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000064347864">ISNI</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/66366749">VIAF</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJfCrmkXFmwHQRTpGWKDbd">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">各地</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/nr96025533">美国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an36721160">澳大利亚</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">人物</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div 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