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Onder zijn leiding ging zijn partij met de PvdA regeren, maar tegelijk slaagde hij erin het VVD-profiel scherp te houden. " name="description"/><meta content="Oud-VVD-leider Frits Bolkestein (91) overleden " name="title"/><meta content="Bolkestein" data-testid="keywords" name="keywords"/><meta content="article" property="og:type"/><meta content="https://nos.nl/artikel/2556320-oud-vvd-leider-frits-bolkestein-91-overleden" property="og:url"/><meta content="Oud-VVD-leider Frits Bolkestein (91) overleden " property="og:title"/><meta content="Bolkestein leidde de VVD in de jaren 90. Onder zijn leiding ging zijn partij met de PvdA regeren, maar tegelijk slaagde hij erin het VVD-profiel scherp te houden. 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Onder zijn leiding ging zijn partij met de PvdA regeren, maar tegelijk slaagde hij erin het VVD-profiel scherp te houden. ","mainEntityOfPage":"https://nos.nl/l/2556320","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https://cdn.nos.nl/image/2025/02/18/1192956/1024x576a.jpg"},"dateCreated":"2025-02-18T09:54:14+0100","datePublished":"2025-02-18T09:54:14+0100","dateModified":"2025-02-18T09:54:14+0100","isAccessibleForFree":true,"sdPublisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"NOS","logo":"https://static.nos.nl/img/nos/nos-social.jpg"},"inLanguage":[{"@type":"Language","name":"Dutch"}],"name":"Oud-VVD-leider Frits Bolkestein (91) overleden","keywords":["Bolkestein"],"articleBody":"In Laren is oud-VVD-leider Frits Bolkestein op 91-jarige leeftijd overleden, heeft zijn familie laten weten aan de NOS. Hij was al geruime tijd ziek en overleed gisteren in het Rosa Spier Huis, waar hij sinds 2022 woonde. De uitvaart zal plaatsvinden in besloten kring. Bolkestein was van 1990 tot 1998 partijleider en fractieleider van de VVD in de Tweede Kamer, waar hij de partij een scherp profiel gaf. Tussen 1990 en 1994 was Bolkestein oppositieleider tegen het centrumlinkse kabinet-Lubbers III. In 1994 werkte hij mee aan de vorming van het eerste paarse kabinet met de PvdA en D66. Hij bleef daarna in de Tweede Kamer, waar hij het kabinet geregeld bekritiseerde. De VVD won alle verkiezingen waarbij hij lijsttrekker was. In 1998 kreeg de partij 38 zetels, wat toen het beste resultaat in de VVD-geschiedenis was. Bolkestein was in Nederland de eerste prominente politicus die sprak over problemen van de multiculturele samenleving en massa-immigratie. Vanaf 1991 baarde hij geregeld opzien met zijn uitspraken. Hij meende onder meer dat de islam moeilijk verenigbaar is met westerse waarden als de scheiding van kerk en staat en de gelijkheid van mannen en vrouwen. Hij uitte ook geregeld kritiek op de Europese Unie, die zich volgens hem met veel te veel bemoeide. Niettemin werd hij na zijn vertrek uit Den Haag onverwachts lid van de Europese Commissie. Als commissaris voor de interne markt stelde hij voor om Oost-Europeanen in West-Europa te laten werken volgens de voorwaarden die gelden in hun eigen land. Deze zogenoemde Bolkestein-richtlijn werd na zijn vertrek onder druk van massale protesten in vooral Frankrijk grondig aangepast. Na zijn pensionering mengde Bolkestein zich nog geregeld in het publieke debat. In 2011 baarde hij opzien door zich te keren tegen de bezuinigingen op de cultuur. Bolkestein schreef ook veel boeken. Het eerste, een Engelstalig toneelstuk over Floris V verscheen in 1976, het laatste, Bij het scheiden van de markt, in 2019. Bekijk hier een terugblik op zijn carrière: ","articleSection":["Politiek"]}</script><meta name="next-head-count" content="37"/><meta content="PFlpDv56X7yQ8CtMDAxvMIyOWtfO8puTcDbndM0veTY" name="google-site-verification"/><meta content="NOS" name="app-name"/><meta content="app-id=516491461" name="apple-itunes-app"/><meta content="app-id=nl.nos.app" name="google-play-app"/><script>var hasWindowAndDocument = !!(typeof window !== 'undefined' && document); if (hasWindowAndDocument && !!window.MSInputMethodContext && !!document.documentMode) { if (window.location.pathname !== '/geen-ondersteuning') { window.location.replace(window.location.origin + '/geen-ondersteuning'); } }</script><link rel="preload" href="https://cdn.nos.nl/assets/nosnl/26fe48a7cb6ad06cdf890c9c0cc3a85aabc87b25/_next/static/css/bfbc09307378af05.css" as="style"/><link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.nos.nl/assets/nosnl/26fe48a7cb6ad06cdf890c9c0cc3a85aabc87b25/_next/static/css/bfbc09307378af05.css" data-n-p=""/><noscript 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dateTime="2025-02-18T09:54:14+0100">dinsdag, 09:54</time></div><h1 class="sc-3c404ba4-0 irijYp sc-eaf3008e-3 jQPZQj">Oud-VVD-leider Frits Bolkestein (91) overleden </h1><div class="sc-7f5e2609-0 kUVVFz sc-eaf3008e-5 hQhdkg" data-testid="share-dropdown" data-tracking="eventName=share|elementId=2556320|elementType=article"><button data-tracking="" class="sc-7f5e2609-2 beXyrB"><div style="border:0;clip:rect(0 0 0 0);clip-path:inset(50%);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap">Deel dit artikel</div><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" aria-hidden="true" class="sc-7f5e2609-1 fCSbmA"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.27 9.918c1.321 0 2.391 1.057 2.475 2.38l.005.167v6.738c0 1.344-1.017 2.455-2.316 2.542l-.164.005H5.73c-1.321 0-2.391-1.057-2.475-2.38l-.005-.167v-6.738c0-1.4 1.104-2.547 2.48-2.547a.75.75 0 0 1 .102 1.494l-.102.006c-.5 0-.92.403-.974.932l-.006.115v6.738c0 .546.388.985.874 1.04l.106.007h12.54c.5 0 .92-.403.974-.932l.006-.115v-6.738c0-.545-.388-.984-.874-1.04l-.106-.007a.75.75 0 1 1 0-1.5m-5.814-7.514.085.076 3.817 3.966a.75.75 0 0 1-.997 1.114l-.083-.074-2.529-2.627.001 9.706a.75.75 0 0 1-1.493.102l-.007-.102-.001-9.704-2.527 2.625a.75.75 0 0 1-.975.091l-.085-.07a.75.75 0 0 1-.091-.976l.07-.085L11.46 2.48a.75.75 0 0 1 .996-.076"></path></svg></button></div></div></div><div class="sc-eaf3008e-1 jynOom"><p class="sc-aa4bb49d-0 vPnaS" id="224528918333234">In Laren is oud-VVD-leider Frits Bolkestein op 91-jarige leeftijd overleden, heeft zijn familie laten weten aan de NOS. Hij was al geruime tijd ziek en overleed gisteren in het Rosa Spier Huis, waar hij sinds 2022 woonde. De uitvaart zal plaatsvinden in besloten kring.</p></div><div class="sc-eaf3008e-1 jynOom"><p class="sc-aa4bb49d-0 vPnaS" id="307986338723479">Bolkestein was van 1990 tot 1998 partijleider en fractieleider van de VVD in de Tweede Kamer, waar hij de partij een scherp profiel gaf.</p></div><div class="sc-eaf3008e-1 jynOom"><p class="sc-aa4bb49d-0 vPnaS" id="835967735218758">Tussen 1990 en 1994 was Bolkestein oppositieleider tegen het centrumlinkse kabinet-Lubbers III. In 1994 werkte hij mee aan de vorming van het eerste paarse kabinet met de PvdA en D66. Hij bleef daarna in de Tweede Kamer, waar hij het kabinet geregeld bekritiseerde.</p></div><div class="sc-eaf3008e-1 jynOom"><p class="sc-aa4bb49d-0 vPnaS" id="868296536881024">De VVD won alle verkiezingen waarbij hij lijsttrekker was. In 1998 kreeg de partij 38 zetels, wat toen het beste resultaat in de VVD-geschiedenis was.</p></div><div class="sc-eaf3008e-1 jynOom"><h2 class="sc-3c404ba4-0 gpPAAb">Massa-immigratie</h2></div><div class="sc-eaf3008e-1 jynOom"><p class="sc-aa4bb49d-0 vPnaS" id="583798580379367">Bolkestein was in Nederland de eerste prominente politicus die sprak over problemen van de multiculturele samenleving en massa-immigratie. Vanaf 1991 baarde hij geregeld opzien met zijn uitspraken. Hij meende onder meer dat de islam moeilijk verenigbaar is met westerse waarden als de scheiding van kerk en staat en de gelijkheid van mannen en vrouwen.</p></div><div class="sc-eaf3008e-1 jynOom"><p class="sc-aa4bb49d-0 vPnaS" id="305697665138089">Hij uitte ook geregeld kritiek op de Europese Unie, die zich volgens hem met veel te veel bemoeide. Niettemin werd hij na zijn vertrek uit Den Haag onverwachts lid van de Europese Commissie. Als commissaris voor de interne markt stelde hij voor om Oost-Europeanen in West-Europa te laten werken volgens de voorwaarden die gelden in hun eigen land. Deze zogenoemde Bolkestein-richtlijn werd na zijn vertrek onder druk van massale protesten in vooral Frankrijk grondig aangepast.</p></div><div class="sc-eaf3008e-1 jynOom"><p class="sc-aa4bb49d-0 vPnaS" id="650266228837298">Na zijn pensionering mengde Bolkestein zich nog geregeld in het publieke debat. In 2011 baarde hij opzien door zich te keren tegen de bezuinigingen op de cultuur.</p></div><div class="sc-eaf3008e-1 jynOom"><p class="sc-aa4bb49d-0 vPnaS" id="816865232386671">Bolkestein schreef ook veel boeken. Het eerste, een Engelstalig toneelstuk over Floris V verscheen in 1976, het laatste, <em>Bij het scheiden van de markt</em>, in 2019.</p></div><div class="sc-eaf3008e-1 jynOom"><p class="sc-aa4bb49d-0 vPnaS" id="174658341274378"><em>Bekijk hier een terugblik op zijn carrière:</em></p></div><div class="sc-eaf3008e-1 hkQdI"><div class="sc-e09206de-0 fACJCF" data-testid="storytell-video-player"><div class="sc-89ecd59b-0 iiVncC"><div class="sc-1a02b78d-0 lbjWKb"><picture><source media="" sizes="(min-width: 800px) 738px, 100vw" srcSet="https://cdn.nos.nl/image/2025/02/18/1192955/128x72a.jpg 128w, https://cdn.nos.nl/image/2025/02/18/1192955/256x144a.jpg 256w, https://cdn.nos.nl/image/2025/02/18/1192955/384x216a.jpg 384w, https://cdn.nos.nl/image/2025/02/18/1192955/512x288a.jpg 512w, https://cdn.nos.nl/image/2025/02/18/1192955/640x360a.jpg 640w, https://cdn.nos.nl/image/2025/02/18/1192955/768x432a.jpg 768w, https://cdn.nos.nl/image/2025/02/18/1192955/1024x576a.jpg 1024w, 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dgiPBI">4:21</time></div><div class="sc-7062c33b-0 iuAWbL">Frits Bolkestein: een intellectueel in de politiek, die zo niet genoemd wilde worden</div></div></div></div><div class="sc-eaf3008e-1 jynOom"><div data-tracking="nestType1=button" class="sc-f52127aa-0 sc-99fd2d8e-0 jNA-DOW hfxzhW"><ul class="sc-99fd2d8e-1 ccnhcy"><li class="sc-dde794d8-0 sc-2b8a95a7-0 bHSJue cuJwJc"><a aria-label="Ga naar Politiek" target="_self" data-tracking="eventType=navigation|eventName=open|elementId=nieuws.politiek.overzicht|elementType=page" href="/nieuws/politiek" class="sc-2b8a95a7-2 ijXJCz"><div class="sc-2b8a95a7-3 gEMZKZ"><div class="sc-2b8a95a7-1 GpYkY"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><path fill="currentColor" d="m12.395 3.266.15.028 7.968 1.916a1.61 1.61 0 0 1 1.23 1.421l.007.148v1.748c0 .842-.644 1.534-1.467 1.608l-.147.006h-1.771V16.2h1.562c.842 0 1.533.645 1.607 1.468l.007.147v1.321c0 .891-.722 1.614-1.614 1.614H3.864a1.614 1.614 0 0 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jaren 90. Onder zijn leiding ging zijn partij met de PvdA regeren, maar tegelijk slaagde hij erin het VVD-profiel scherp te houden. ","pills":[],"publishedAt":"2025-02-18T09:54:14+0100","modifiedAt":"2025-02-18T09:54:14+0100","shareImageSrc":"https://cdn.nos.nl/image/2025/02/18/1192956/1024x576a.jpg","items":[{"id":"224528918333234","type":"text","text":"In Laren is oud-VVD-leider Frits Bolkestein op 91-jarige leeftijd overleden, heeft zijn familie laten weten aan de NOS. Hij was al geruime tijd ziek en overleed gisteren in het Rosa Spier Huis, waar hij sinds 2022 woonde. De uitvaart zal plaatsvinden in besloten kring."},{"id":"307986338723479","type":"text","text":"Bolkestein was van 1990 tot 1998 partijleider en fractieleider van de VVD in de Tweede Kamer, waar hij de partij een scherp profiel gaf."},{"id":"835967735218758","type":"text","text":"Tussen 1990 en 1994 was Bolkestein oppositieleider tegen het centrumlinkse kabinet-Lubbers III. In 1994 werkte hij mee aan de vorming van het eerste paarse kabinet met de PvdA en D66. Hij bleef daarna in de Tweede Kamer, waar hij het kabinet geregeld bekritiseerde."},{"id":"868296536881024","type":"text","text":"De VVD won alle verkiezingen waarbij hij lijsttrekker was. In 1998 kreeg de partij 38 zetels, wat toen het beste resultaat in de VVD-geschiedenis was."},{"id":"227234863860315","type":"title","title":"Massa-immigratie"},{"id":"583798580379367","type":"text","text":"Bolkestein was in Nederland de eerste prominente politicus die sprak over problemen van de multiculturele samenleving en massa-immigratie. Vanaf 1991 baarde hij geregeld opzien met zijn uitspraken. Hij meende onder meer dat de islam moeilijk verenigbaar is met westerse waarden als de scheiding van kerk en staat en de gelijkheid van mannen en vrouwen."},{"id":"305697665138089","type":"text","text":"Hij uitte ook geregeld kritiek op de Europese Unie, die zich volgens hem met veel te veel bemoeide. Niettemin werd hij na zijn vertrek uit Den Haag onverwachts lid van de Europese Commissie. Als commissaris voor de interne markt stelde hij voor om Oost-Europeanen in West-Europa te laten werken volgens de voorwaarden die gelden in hun eigen land. Deze zogenoemde Bolkestein-richtlijn werd na zijn vertrek onder druk van massale protesten in vooral Frankrijk grondig aangepast."},{"id":"650266228837298","type":"text","text":"Na zijn pensionering mengde Bolkestein zich nog geregeld in het publieke debat. In 2011 baarde hij opzien door zich te keren tegen de bezuinigingen op de cultuur."},{"id":"816865232386671","type":"text","text":"Bolkestein schreef ook veel boeken. Het eerste, een Engelstalig toneelstuk over Floris V verscheen in 1976, het laatste, \u003cem\u003eBij het scheiden van de markt\u003c/em\u003e, in 2019."},{"id":"174658341274378","type":"text","text":"\u003cem\u003eBekijk hier een terugblik op zijn carrière:\u003c/em\u003e"},{"id":"2556319","hasCoreId":true,"type":"video","title":"Frits Bolkestein: een intellectueel in de politiek, die zo niet genoemd wilde worden","geoprotection":false,"description":"Oud-VVD-leider Frits Bolkestein leek op het eerste gezicht geen man die in het televisietijdperk een succesvol politicus zou kunnen zijn. Hij was een afstandelijke en erudiete eenling met een deftige tongval. 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