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Édicule — Wikipédia

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mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Antiquité</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Antiquité-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Égypte_ancienne" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Égypte_ancienne"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Égypte ancienne</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Égypte_ancienne-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Antiquité_romaine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Antiquité_romaine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Antiquité romaine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Antiquité_romaine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Moyen_Âge" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Moyen_Âge"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Moyen Âge</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Moyen_Âge-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Époque_moderne" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Époque_moderne"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Époque moderne</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Époque_moderne-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Période_contemporaine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Période_contemporaine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Période contemporaine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Période_contemporaine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Édicules_contemporains" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Édicules_contemporains"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Édicules contemporains</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Édicules_contemporains-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Édicules contemporains</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Édicules_contemporains-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Paris" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Paris"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Paris</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Paris-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes_et_références" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes_et_références"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notes et références</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes_et_références-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voir_aussi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voir_aussi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Voir aussi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Voir_aussi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Voir aussi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Voir_aussi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Liens_externes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liens_externes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Liens externes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liens_externes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Édicule</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 29 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-29" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">29 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Эдыкула – biélorusse" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Эдыкула" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="biélorusse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Едикула – bulgare" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Едикула" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edicle" title="Edicle – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Edicle" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edikula" title="Edikula – tchèque" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Edikula" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchèque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%84dikula" title="Ädikula – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ädikula" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aedicula" title="Aedicula – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Aedicula" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ediklo" title="Ediklo – espéranto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ediklo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="espéranto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed%C3%ADculo" title="Edículo – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Edículo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edikula" title="Edikula – estonien" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Edikula" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edikulu" title="Edikulu – basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Edikulu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed%C3%ADcula" title="Edícula – galicien" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Edícula" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edikula" title="Edikula – croate" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Edikula" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aedicula" title="Aedicula – hongrois" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Aedicula" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongrois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edicola_(architettura)" title="Edicola (architettura) – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Edicola (architettura)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A8%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%82%AF%E3%83%A9" title="エディクラ – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="エディクラ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%97%90%EB%94%94%EC%BF%A8%EB%9D%BC" title="에디쿨라 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="에디쿨라" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aedicula" title="Aedicula – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Aedicula" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aedicula" title="Aedicula – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Aedicula" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aedicula" title="Aedicula – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Aedicula" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ed%C3%ADcula" title="Edícula – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Edícula" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Эдикула – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Эдикула" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicchia_(tribbunedda)" title="Nicchia (tribbunedda) – sicilien" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Nicchia (tribbunedda)" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edikula" title="Edikula – serbo-croate" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Edikula" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edikula" title="Edikula – slovaque" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Edikula" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edikula" title="Edikula – slovène" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Edikula" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Едикула – serbe" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Едикула" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%84dikula" title="Ädikula – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ädikula" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aedikula" title="Aedikula – turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Aedikula" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Едикула – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Едикула" data-language-autonym="Українська" 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</div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><p>Un <b>édicule</b> est un terme d'<a href="/wiki/Architecture" title="Architecture">architecture</a> qui recouvre plusieurs petites constructions isolées dans l'espace public ou des espaces ouverts, d'emploi et de statut variés. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Antiquité"><span id="Antiquit.C3.A9"></span><a href="/wiki/Antiquit%C3%A9" title="Antiquité">Antiquité</a></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89dicule&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Modifier la section : Antiquité" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89dicule&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Antiquité"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Égypte_ancienne"><span id=".C3.89gypte_ancienne"></span>Égypte ancienne</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89dicule&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Modifier la section : Égypte ancienne" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89dicule&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Égypte ancienne"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Anubis" title="Anubis">Anubis</a>, dieu de la <a href="/wiki/Mythologie_%C3%A9gyptienne" title="Mythologie égyptienne">mythologie</a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%89gypte_ancienne" class="mw-redirect" title="Égypte ancienne">égyptienne</a>, est souvent représenté veillant sur un tombeau symbolisé par un édicule. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Antiquité_romaine"><span id="Antiquit.C3.A9_romaine"></span>Antiquité romaine</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89dicule&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Modifier la section : Antiquité romaine" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89dicule&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Antiquité romaine"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:House_altar,_Herculaneum_2005.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/House_altar%2C_Herculaneum_2005.jpg/220px-House_altar%2C_Herculaneum_2005.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/House_altar%2C_Herculaneum_2005.jpg/330px-House_altar%2C_Herculaneum_2005.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/House_altar%2C_Herculaneum_2005.jpg/440px-House_altar%2C_Herculaneum_2005.jpg 2x" data-file-width="852" data-file-height="1136" /></a><figcaption>Édicule dans une maison à <a href="/wiki/Herculanum" title="Herculanum">Herculanum</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Dans l'architecture de la <a href="/wiki/Rome_antique" title="Rome antique">Rome antique</a>, un édicule (<i>ædicula</i>, nom féminin, ou <i>ædiculum</i>, nom neutre) est une petite construction autonome ou figurée sur un bâtiment (il s'agit d'un tabernacle<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> ou d'un <a href="/wiki/Dais" title="Dais">dais</a> composé d'un <a href="/wiki/Fronton_(architecture)" title="Fronton (architecture)">fronton</a> porté par des <a href="/wiki/Colonne_(architecture)" title="Colonne (architecture)">colonnes</a>), qui permet d'y loger une statue, notamment la divinité protégeant le lieu (temple, maison), ou une tombe sacrée (la tombe du <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A9sus-Christ" title="Jésus-Christ">Christ</a> est protégée par un édicule au sein de l’église du <a href="/wiki/Saint-S%C3%A9pulcre" title="Saint-Sépulcre">Saint-Sépulcre</a> à <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A9rusalem" title="Jérusalem">Jérusalem</a>). </p> <div class="clear" style="clear:left;"></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Moyen_Âge"><span id="Moyen_.C3.82ge"></span><a href="/wiki/Moyen_%C3%82ge" title="Moyen Âge">Moyen Âge</a></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89dicule&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4" title="Modifier la section : Moyen Âge" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89dicule&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Moyen Âge"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Les <a href="/wiki/Frise_(architecture)" title="Frise (architecture)">frises</a> romanes sont parfois ornées d'édicules&#160;; des cathédrales, des forteresses, des constructions en miniature sont encore placées dans la main des personnages sculptés qui décorent les <a href="/wiki/Portail" title="Portail">portails</a> et les <a href="/wiki/Galerie_(architecture)" title="Galerie (architecture)">galeries</a> supérieures des églises médiévales. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Époque_moderne"><span id=".C3.89poque_moderne"></span><a href="/wiki/%C3%89poque_moderne" title="Époque moderne">Époque moderne</a></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89dicule&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5" title="Modifier la section : Époque moderne" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89dicule&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Époque moderne"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Au <abbr class="abbr" title="18ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XVIII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle, en urbanisme et art des jardins, édicule désigne des constructions d'agrément dans les parcs et squares, sans doute plus fermées que les <a href="/wiki/Pavillon_(architecture)" title="Pavillon (architecture)">pavillons</a> et <a href="/wiki/Kiosque" title="Kiosque">kiosques</a> et plutôt d'inspiration antique. <a href="/wiki/Naples" title="Naples">Naples</a> est sans doute la ville européenne qui conserve en l'état un grand nombre d'édicules votifs ou sacrés, comme l'<a href="/wiki/%C3%89dicule_San_Gennaro" title="Édicule San Gennaro">édicule San Gennaro</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Période_contemporaine"><span id="P.C3.A9riode_contemporaine"></span>Période contemporaine</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89dicule&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=6" title="Modifier la section : Période contemporaine" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a 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title="De La Savane (métro de Montréal)">station de métro De La Savane</a>, à <a href="/wiki/Montr%C3%A9al" title="Montréal">Montréal</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Fosterito.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Fosterito.jpg/220px-Fosterito.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Fosterito.jpg/330px-Fosterito.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Fosterito.jpg/440px-Fosterito.jpg 2x" data-file-width="502" data-file-height="296" /></a><figcaption>L'un des fameux <i>fosteritos</i>, édicules du métro de <a href="/wiki/Bilbao" title="Bilbao">Bilbao</a> créés par <a href="/wiki/Norman_Foster_(architecte)" title="Norman Foster (architecte)">Norman Foster</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Depuis le <abbr class="abbr" title="19ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XIX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr>&#160;siècle, en urbanisme, édicule désigne de petites constructions dans l'espace public urbain telles que les fontaines de rue et les <a href="/wiki/Vespasienne" title="Vespasienne">vespasiennes</a>, les colonnes mauresques (Paris) et les <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Litfa%C3%9F" title="Ernst Litfaß"><i>Litfaßsäule</i></a> (Berlin), dès 1855, les <a href="/wiki/Colonne_Morris" title="Colonne Morris">colonnes Morris</a>, les <a href="/wiki/Kiosque" title="Kiosque">kiosques</a> à journaux, à musique ou pour les enfants, des <a href="/wiki/Bouche_de_m%C3%A9tro" title="Bouche de métro">bouches de métro</a> couvertes, des <span class="page_h"><a href="/wiki/Abri" class="mw-disambig" title="Abri">abri</a></span>s, des volumes techniques, etc. </p><p>On retrouve l'association aux statues dans certaines, comme les <a href="/wiki/Fontaine_Wallace" title="Fontaine Wallace">fontaines Wallace</a>. En 1878, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Marville" title="Charles Marville">Charles Marville</a> produit une suite photographique intitulée <i>Édicules établis sur la voie publique et dans les promenades. Bureaux d’omnibus, de surveillants de voitures, colonnes affiches, abris de marchés, chalets d’étalagistes, Water-Closets, fontaines, Trink-Halls, urinoirs</i>, album qui permet de mesurer l'étendue et la variété des édicules à cette époque. </p> <ul><li>Dans les grandes villes, les édicules protègent des intempéries les escaliers comme ceux des bouches du <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9tro" title="Métro">métro</a>&#160;: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89dicule_Guimard" class="mw-redirect" title="Édicule Guimard">édicules Guimard</a>&#160;: célèbres édicules <a href="/wiki/Art_nouveau" title="Art nouveau">Art nouveau</a> d'<a href="/wiki/Hector_Guimard" title="Hector Guimard">Hector Guimard</a>, qui ornent de nombreuses <a href="/wiki/Station_de_m%C3%A9tro" title="Station de métro">stations</a> du <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9tro_de_Paris" title="Métro de Paris">métro de Paris</a>. Certaines n'ont qu'un entourage comportant les balustrades, les sigles et lampes du métro, etc. Trois d'entre elles ont un toit vitré&#160;: <a href="/wiki/Porte_Dauphine_(m%C3%A9tro_de_Paris)" title="Porte Dauphine (métro de Paris)">Porte Dauphine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abbesses_(m%C3%A9tro_de_Paris)" title="Abbesses (métro de Paris)">Abbesses</a> et <a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A2telet_(m%C3%A9tro_de_Paris)" title="Châtelet (métro de Paris)">Châtelet</a> (sortie Sainte-Opportune). Ces dernières sont communément appelées «&#160;libellules&#160;» par les Parisiens&#160;;</li> <li>les stations de métro des grandes villes, surtout au centre-ville, ne possèdent pas toujours d'édicules, à cause de contraintes d'espace et de l'aménagement de bouches de métro en plein trottoir. Une exception est le <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9tro_de_Montr%C3%A9al" title="Métro de Montréal">métro de Montréal</a>&#160;: compte tenu des intempéries de l'hiver montréalais, la ville de Montréal a pris la décision d'aménager presque toutes les bouches de métro dans des édicules au bord des trottoirs ou dans les façades d'édifices.</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Édicules_contemporains"><span id=".C3.89dicules_contemporains"></span>Édicules contemporains</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89dicule&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=7" title="Modifier la section : Édicules contemporains" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89dicule&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Édicules contemporains"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Paris">Paris</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89dicule&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=8" title="Modifier la section : Paris" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89dicule&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Paris"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Édicule de la <a href="/wiki/Palais_Royal_-_Mus%C3%A9e_du_Louvre_(m%C3%A9tro_de_Paris)" class="mw-redirect" title="Palais Royal - Musée du Louvre (métro de Paris)">station Palais Royal - Musée du Louvre</a>, le <i><a href="/wiki/Kiosque_des_noctambules" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiosque des noctambules">Kiosque des noctambules</a></i>, conçu par <a href="/wiki/Jean-Michel_Othoniel" title="Jean-Michel Othoniel">Jean-Michel Othoniel</a>.</li> <li>Édicule de verre de la <a href="/wiki/Saint-Lazare_(m%C3%A9tro_de_Paris)" title="Saint-Lazare (métro de Paris)">station Saint-Lazare</a> devant la <a href="/wiki/Gare_de_Paris-Saint-Lazare" title="Gare de Paris-Saint-Lazare">gare éponyme</a>, conçu par <a href="/wiki/Jean-Marie_Charpentier" title="Jean-Marie Charpentier">Jean-Marie Charpentier</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89dicule&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=9" title="Modifier la section : Notes et références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89dicule&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes et références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">À prendre dans le sens du latin <i>tabernaculum</i> signifiant «&#160;tente, hutte&#160;».</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Informations <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnrtl.fr/lexicographie/édicule/0">lexicographiques</a> et <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnrtl.fr/etymologie/édicule/0">étymologiques</a> de «&#160;édicule&#160;» dans le <i><a href="/wiki/Tr%C3%A9sor_de_la_langue_fran%C3%A7aise_informatis%C3%A9" title="Trésor de la langue française informatisé">Trésor de la langue française informatisé</a></i>, sur le site du <a href="/wiki/Centre_national_de_ressources_textuelles_et_lexicales" title="Centre national de ressources textuelles et lexicales">Centre national de ressources textuelles et lexicales</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voir_aussi">Voir aussi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89dicule&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=10" title="Modifier la section : Voir aussi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89dicule&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Voir aussi"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r194021218">.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>.titre{text-align:center;margin:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li{list-style:none;margin:0.2em 0;text-indent:0;padding-left:24px;min-height:20px;text-align:left;display:block}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li>a{font-style:italic}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .autres-projets{float:none}}</style><div class="autres-projets boite-grise boite-a-droite noprint js-interprojets"> <p class="titre">Sur les autres projets Wikimedia&#160;:</p> <ul class="noarchive plainlinks"> <li class="commons"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Aediculae?uselang=fr">Les édicules</a>, sur <span class="project">Wikimedia Commons</span></li><li class="wiktionary"><a href="https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/%C3%A9dicule" class="extiw" title="wikt:édicule">édicule</a>, <span class="nowrap">sur le <span class="project">Wiktionnaire</span></span></li> </ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Liens_externes">Liens externes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89dicule&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=11" title="Modifier la section : Liens externes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89dicule&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Liens externes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><span class="liste-horizontale noarchive"><span class="wd_identifiers">Ressource relative aux beaux-arts<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q507286?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span>&#160;: <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.T000542"><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Grove Art Online</span></a></li> </ul></span> </li> <li><div class="liste-horizontale"><span class="wd_identifiers">Notices dans des dictionnaires ou encyclopédies généralistes<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q507286?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span>&#160;: <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/aedicula"><i>Britannica</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enciclopedia.cat/EC-GEC-0100269.xml"><i>Gran Enciclopèdia Catalana</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.enciklopedija.hr/Natuknica.aspx?ID=17060"><i>Hrvatska Enciklopedija</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/lång/aedicula"><i>Nationalencyklopedin</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://proleksis.lzmk.hr/19151"><i>Proleksis enciklopedija</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snl.no/aedicula"><i>Store norske leksikon</i></a></li> </ul></div></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li>Édicules de Guimard&#160;: <ul><li><span class="ouvrage">«&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.parisinconnu.com/metro-guimard/"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Tous les édicules du métro parisien</cite></a>&#160;», sur <span class="italique">parisinconnu.com</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2021-04-07" data-sort-value="2021-04-07">7 avril 2021</time>)</small></span>.</li> <li><span class="ouvrage">«&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.metrodemontreal.com/art/guimard/metro-f.html"><cite style="font-style:normal;">En entourage de bouches de métro</cite></a>&#160;», sur <span class="italique">metrodemontreal.com</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2021-04-07" data-sort-value="2021-04-07">7 avril 2021</time>)</small></span>.</li></ul></li></ul> <ul id="bandeau-portail" class="bandeau-portail"><li><span class="bandeau-portail-element"><span class="bandeau-portail-icone"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Portail:Architecture_et_urbanisme" title="Portail de l’architecture et de l’urbanisme"><img alt="icône décorative" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Ciudad.svg/24px-Ciudad.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Ciudad.svg/36px-Ciudad.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Ciudad.svg/48px-Ciudad.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" 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