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Leesbaarheid - Wikipedia

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Dit is echter niet verplicht." class=""><span>Account aanmaken</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Aanmelden&amp;returnto=Leesbaarheid" title="U wordt van harte uitgenodigd om aan te melden, maar dit is niet verplicht [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Aanmelden</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Meer opties" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persoonlijke hulpmiddelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Gebruikersmenu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_nl.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=nl"><span>Doneren</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:GebruikerAanmaken&amp;returnto=Leesbaarheid" title="Registreer u vooral en meld u aan. Dit is echter niet verplicht."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Account aanmaken</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Aanmelden&amp;returnto=Leesbaarheid" title="U wordt van harte uitgenodigd om aan te melden, maar dit is niet verplicht [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Aanmelden</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pagina&#039;s voor uitgelogde redacteuren <a href="/wiki/Help:Inleiding" aria-label="Meer leren over bewerken"><span>meer lezen</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:MijnBijdragen" title="Bijdragen IP-adres [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bijdragen</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:MijnOverleg" title="Overlegpagina van de anonieme gebruiker van dit IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Overleg</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Inhoud" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Top</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Leesgemak" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leesgemak"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Leesgemak</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Leesgemak-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tekstverwerker" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tekstverwerker"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Tekstverwerker</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tekstverwerker-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zie_ook" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zie_ook"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Zie ook</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zie_ook-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Bibliografie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Inhoudsopgave omschakelen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Inhoudsopgave omschakelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Leesbaarheid</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ga naar een artikel in een andere taal. Beschikbaar in 18 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-18" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">18 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%82%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="مقروئية – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مقروئية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Facilitat_de_lectura" title="Facilitat de lectura – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Facilitat de lectura" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lesbarkeit" title="Lesbarkeit – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Lesbarkeit" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Readability" title="Readability – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Readability" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="خوانایی – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="خوانایی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keterbacaan" title="Keterbacaan – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Keterbacaan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leggibilit%C3%A0" title="Leggibilità – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Leggibilità" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E8%AA%AD%E6%80%A7" title="可読性 – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="可読性" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B0%80%EB%8F%85%EC%84%B1" title="가독성 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="가독성" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kebolehbacaan" title="Kebolehbacaan – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kebolehbacaan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lesbarhet" title="Lesbarhet – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Lesbarhet" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lizibilitate" title="Lizibilitate – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Lizibilitate" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Удобочитаемость – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Удобочитаемость" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Readability" title="Readability – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Readability" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Прочитність – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Прочитність" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%84_%D9%85%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%DB%81" title="قابل مطالعہ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="قابل مطالعہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E8%AF%BB%E6%80%A7" title="可读性 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="可读性" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E8%AE%80%E5%BA%A6" title="可讀度 – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="可讀度" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1820650#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Taalkoppelingen bewerken" class="wbc-editpage">Koppelingen bewerken</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimten"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Leesbaarheid" title="Inhoudspagina bekijken [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Overleg:Leesbaarheid&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Overleg over deze pagina (de pagina bestaat niet) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Overleg</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Taalvariant wijzigen" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Nederlands</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Weergaven"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Leesbaarheid"><span>Lezen</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leesbaarheid&amp;veaction=edit" title="Deze pagina bewerken [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Bewerken</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leesbaarheid&amp;action=edit" title="Broncode van deze pagina bewerken [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Brontekst bewerken</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leesbaarheid&amp;action=history" title="Eerdere versies van deze pagina [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Geschiedenis weergeven</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Paginahulpmiddelen"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Hulpmiddelen" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Hulpmiddelen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Hulpmiddelen</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Meer opties" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Handelingen </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Leesbaarheid"><span>Lezen</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leesbaarheid&amp;veaction=edit" title="Deze pagina bewerken [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Bewerken</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leesbaarheid&amp;action=edit" title="Broncode van deze pagina bewerken [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Brontekst bewerken</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leesbaarheid&amp;action=history"><span>Geschiedenis weergeven</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Algemeen </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:VerwijzingenNaarHier/Leesbaarheid" title="Lijst met alle pagina&#039;s die naar deze pagina verwijzen [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Links naar deze pagina</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:RecenteWijzigingenGelinkt/Leesbaarheid" rel="nofollow" title="Recente wijzigingen in pagina&#039;s waar deze pagina naar verwijst [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Gerelateerde wijzigingen</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=nl" title="Bestanden uploaden [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Bestand uploaden</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciaal:SpecialePaginas" title="Lijst met alle speciale pagina&#039;s [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Speciale pagina's</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leesbaarheid&amp;oldid=66999788" title="Permanente koppeling naar deze versie van deze pagina"><span>Permanente koppeling</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leesbaarheid&amp;action=info" title="Meer informatie over deze pagina"><span>Paginagegevens</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Citeren&amp;page=Leesbaarheid&amp;id=66999788&amp;wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informatie over hoe u deze pagina kunt citeren"><span>Deze pagina citeren</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:UrlShortener&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fnl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FLeesbaarheid"><span>Verkorte URL verkrijgen</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:QrCode&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fnl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FLeesbaarheid"><span>QR-code downloaden</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Afdrukken/exporteren </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:Boek&amp;bookcmd=book_creator&amp;referer=Leesbaarheid"><span>Boek aanmaken</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciaal:DownloadAsPdf&amp;page=Leesbaarheid&amp;action=show-download-screen"><span>Downloaden als PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leesbaarheid&amp;printable=yes" title="Printvriendelijke versie van deze pagina [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Afdrukversie</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In andere projecten </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1820650" title="Koppeling naar item in verbonden gegevensrepository [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Paginahulpmiddelen"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Uiterlijk"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Uiterlijk</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">naar zijbalk verplaatsen</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">verbergen</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Uit Wikipedia, de vrije encyclopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="nl" dir="ltr"><p><b>Leesbaarheid</b> meet de <a href="/wiki/Begrijpen" title="Begrijpen">begrijpelijkheid</a> en duidelijkheid van <a href="/wiki/Schrijven" title="Schrijven">geschreven</a> <a href="/wiki/Tekst" title="Tekst">tekst</a>. <a href="/wiki/Taalniveau" title="Taalniveau">Taalniveau</a> is meetbaar. <a href="/wiki/Lettertype" title="Lettertype">Lettertype</a>, letterafmeting, <a href="/wiki/Grafische_vormgeving" title="Grafische vormgeving">vormgeving</a> en <a href="/wiki/Kleur" title="Kleur">kleur</a> zijn ook bepalend. Er zijn diverse methoden en formules die de leesbaarheid bepalen. Leesbaarheidsformules zijn weinig betrouwbaar en geven geen houvast voor het verbeteren van tekst. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Leesgemak">Leesgemak</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leesbaarheid&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Leesgemak" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leesbaarheid&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Leesgemak"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De Amerikaanse schrijfadviseur <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rudolf_Flesch&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Rudolf Flesch (de pagina bestaat niet)">Rudolf Flesch</a> presenteerde in <i>The art of readable writing</i> in 1949 een formule waarbij het leesgemak gelijk is aan de volgende formule: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 206,835-1,015\left({\frac {\text{totaal aantal woorden}}{\text{totaal aantal zinnen}}}\right)-84,6\left({\frac {\text{totaal aantal lettergrepen}}{\text{totaal aantal woorden}}}\right)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mn>206</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>835</mn> <mo>&#x2212;<!-- − --></mo> <mn>1</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>015</mn> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mtext>totaal aantal woorden</mtext> <mtext>totaal aantal zinnen</mtext> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>&#x2212;<!-- − --></mo> <mn>84</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>6</mn> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mtext>totaal aantal lettergrepen</mtext> <mtext>totaal aantal woorden</mtext> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 206,835-1,015\left({\frac {\text{totaal aantal woorden}}{\text{totaal aantal zinnen}}}\right)-84,6\left({\frac {\text{totaal aantal lettergrepen}}{\text{totaal aantal woorden}}}\right)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/91b4e31922fb9aeb71ed79646020996f1da568e6" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.505ex; width:80.744ex; height:6.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 206,835-1,015\left({\frac {\text{totaal aantal woorden}}{\text{totaal aantal zinnen}}}\right)-84,6\left({\frac {\text{totaal aantal lettergrepen}}{\text{totaal aantal woorden}}}\right)}"></span><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <p>De landbouwsocioloog W.H. Douma paste de formule aan naar het Nederlands. De Flesch-Doumaformule stelt het leesgemak gelijk aan de volgende formule: </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 206,835-0,93\left({\frac {\text{totaal aantal woorden}}{\text{totaal aantal zinnen}}}\right)-77\left({\frac {\text{totaal aantal lettergrepen}}{\text{totaal aantal woorden}}}\right)}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mn>206</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>835</mn> <mo>&#x2212;<!-- − --></mo> <mn>0</mn> <mo>,</mo> <mn>93</mn> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mtext>totaal aantal woorden</mtext> <mtext>totaal aantal zinnen</mtext> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> <mo>&#x2212;<!-- − --></mo> <mn>77</mn> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mtext>totaal aantal lettergrepen</mtext> <mtext>totaal aantal woorden</mtext> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 206,835-0,93\left({\frac {\text{totaal aantal woorden}}{\text{totaal aantal zinnen}}}\right)-77\left({\frac {\text{totaal aantal lettergrepen}}{\text{totaal aantal woorden}}}\right)}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e02a1bfe7f7006e721c64faf6460dc965fde97d0" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.505ex; width:77.385ex; height:6.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 206,835-0,93\left({\frac {\text{totaal aantal woorden}}{\text{totaal aantal zinnen}}}\right)-77\left({\frac {\text{totaal aantal lettergrepen}}{\text{totaal aantal woorden}}}\right)}"></span></dd></dl> <p>De score verwijst naar de opleidingsniveaus: </p> <ul><li>0-30: academici</li> <li>30-50: studenten</li> <li>50-60: hoger middelbaar onderwijs</li> <li>60-70: lager middelbaar onderwijs</li> <li>70-80: groep 8 basisschool</li> <li>80-90: groep 7 basisschool</li> <li>90-100: groep 6 basisschool</li></ul> <p>De formules hadden in de Verenigde Staten invloed. Flesch lichtte schoolboeken door en adviseerde tijdschriften. In Nederland was de waardering nooit groot. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tekstverwerker">Tekstverwerker</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leesbaarheid&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Tekstverwerker" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leesbaarheid&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Tekstverwerker"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sommige <a href="/wiki/Tekstverwerker" title="Tekstverwerker">tekstverwerkers</a> bepalen de leesbaarheid aan de hand van de zins- en woordlengte en de complexiteit van de zinsstructuren. Leesbaarheidsformules worden voor de <a href="/wiki/Engels_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Engels (hoofdbetekenis)">Engelse</a> taal vaak gevalideerd aan de hand van de <a href="/w/index.php?title=McCall-Crabbs&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="McCall-Crabbs (de pagina bestaat niet)">McCall-Crabbs</a>-passages. Technische documenten scoren vaak slecht bij leesbaarheidsmetingen. Dit komt door de complexiteit van hun onderwerp, eerder dan door het gebrek aan nauwkeurigheid. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zie_ook">Zie ook</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leesbaarheid&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Zie ook" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leesbaarheid&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Zie ook"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leesbaarheidstest" title="Leesbaarheidstest">Leesbaarheidstest</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografie">Bibliografie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leesbaarheid&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Bibliografie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leesbaarheid&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Bibliografie"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67679320">.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding{font-family:sans-serif;font-size:85%;cursor:help;color:var(--color-subtle,#555)}.mw-parser-output .taalaanduiding span{border-bottom:1px dotted var(--color-subtle,#555)}</style><span class="taalaanduiding" title="Taal: Engels">(<span>en</span>) </span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110617122131/http://www.riggsinst.org/PDF/mcallcrabbes.pdf">Voorwoord docentenhandleiding McCall-Crabbs</a></li> <li><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">Piet Grijs</span>, <i>Opperlans! Taal en letterkunde</i>, Querido, Amsterdam, 2003</li> <li><span style="font-variant:small-caps;">N. Kussendrager &amp; D. van der Lugt</span>, <i>Basisboek journalistiek. Achtergronden, genres, vaardigheden</i>, Wolters Noordhoff, Groningen, 2002</li></ul> <div class="toccolours appendix" role="presentation" style="font-size:90%; margin:1em 0 -0.5em; clear:both;"> <div><span style="font-weight:bold">Bronnen, noten en/of referenties</span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mang.canterbury.ac.nz/writing_guide/writing/flesch.shtml">How to Write Plain English</a>.&#32;University of Canterbury.&#32;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160712094308/http://www.mang.canterbury.ac.nz/writing_guide/writing/flesch.shtml">Gearchiveerd</a> op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2016-07-12">12 juli 2016</span>.&#32;Geraadpleegd op <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2016-07-12">12 juli 2016</span>. </span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67837862">.mw-parser-output .navigatie{position:relative;clear:both;overflow:auto;margin:1em auto -0.5em;padding:2px;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);text-align:center;font-size:87%}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken{margin-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken .mw-ui-icon::before{background-size:0.9em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-links,.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-rechts{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-rechts{right:2px}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-groot{float:right;padding-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:#ddeef8;padding:2px 5.5em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-inhoud{padding:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-inhoud p:first-child{margin:0}.mw-parser-output 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auto;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .links{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .rechts{padding-left:0.5em}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel tr{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr;width:100%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel tr:last-of-type{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .links{text-align:unset}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-tabel .rechts{padding:unset}}</style><table class="navigatie-tabel vatop" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style=""><tbody><tr><td class="links" style=""><b>Tekstelement:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Alinea" title="Alinea">alinea</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bibliografie" title="Bibliografie">bibliografie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Bladspiegel" title="Bladspiegel">bladspiegel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Citaat" title="Citaat">citaat</a> · <a href="/wiki/Coherentie_(taalkunde)" title="Coherentie (taalkunde)">coherentie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Cohesie_(taalkunde)" title="Cohesie (taalkunde)">cohesie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Coreferentie" title="Coreferentie">coreferentie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Diakritisch_teken" title="Diakritisch teken">diakritisch teken</a> · <a href="/wiki/Dialoog" title="Dialoog">dialoog</a> · <a href="/wiki/Eindnoot" title="Eindnoot">eindnoot</a> · <a href="/wiki/Episode" title="Episode">episode</a> · <a href="/wiki/Glos_(tekst)" title="Glos (tekst)">glos</a> · <a href="/wiki/Hoofdstuk" title="Hoofdstuk">hoofdstuk</a> · <a href="/wiki/Jargon" title="Jargon">jargon</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kanttekening" title="Kanttekening">kanttekening</a> · <a href="/wiki/Leesteken" title="Leesteken">leesteken</a> · <a href="/wiki/Letter" title="Letter">letter</a> · <a href="/wiki/Lettergreep" title="Lettergreep">lettergreep</a> · <a href="/wiki/Marginalia_(boek)" title="Marginalia (boek)">marginalia</a> · <a href="/wiki/Morfeem" title="Morfeem">morfeem</a> · <a href="/wiki/Paragraaf" title="Paragraaf">paragraaf</a> · <a href="/wiki/Plot" title="Plot">plot</a> · <a href="/wiki/Rijm_(stijlfiguur)" title="Rijm (stijlfiguur)">rijm</a> · <a href="/wiki/Samenvatting" title="Samenvatting">samenvatting</a> · <a href="/wiki/Spelling" title="Spelling">spelling</a> · <a href="/wiki/Verhaallijn" title="Verhaallijn">verhaallijn</a> · <a href="/wiki/Voetnoot" title="Voetnoot">voetnoot</a> · <a href="/wiki/Woord" title="Woord">woord</a> · <a href="/wiki/Woordspeling" title="Woordspeling">woordspeling</a> · <a href="/wiki/Zin_(taalkunde)" title="Zin (taalkunde)">zin</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b><a href="/wiki/Tekstsoort" title="Tekstsoort">Tekstsoort</a>:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Artikel_(redactioneel)" title="Artikel (redactioneel)">artikel</a> · <a href="/wiki/Boek_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Boek (hoofdbetekenis)">boek</a> · <a href="/wiki/Brief" title="Brief">brief</a> · <a href="/wiki/Column" title="Column">column</a> · <a href="/wiki/Copywriter" title="Copywriter">copywriting</a> · <a href="/wiki/Document" title="Document">document</a> · <a href="/wiki/Drama_(genre)" title="Drama (genre)">dramatiek</a> · <a href="/wiki/E-mail" title="E-mail">e-mail</a> · <a href="/wiki/Epiek" title="Epiek">epiek</a> · <a href="/wiki/Essay" title="Essay">essay</a> · <a href="/wiki/Folder" title="Folder">folder</a> · <a href="/wiki/Gedicht" title="Gedicht">gedicht</a> · <a href="/wiki/Kort_verhaal" title="Kort verhaal">kort verhaal</a> · <a href="/wiki/Lezen" title="Lezen">lezen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Literatuur" title="Literatuur">literatuur</a> · <a href="/wiki/Lyriek" title="Lyriek">lyriek</a> · <a href="/wiki/Manuscript_(modern)" title="Manuscript (modern)">manuscript</a> · <a href="/wiki/Plagiaat" title="Plagiaat">plagiaat</a> · <a href="/wiki/Platte_tekst" title="Platte tekst">platte tekst</a> · <a href="/wiki/Po%C3%ABzie" title="Poëzie">poëzie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Proefschrift" title="Proefschrift">proefschrift</a> · <a href="/wiki/Proza" title="Proza">proza</a> · <a href="/wiki/Rapport_(verslag)" title="Rapport (verslag)">rapport</a> · <a href="/wiki/Roman_(literatuur)" title="Roman (literatuur)">roman</a> · <a href="/wiki/Recensie" title="Recensie">recensie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Scenario" title="Scenario">scenario</a> · <a href="/wiki/Scriptie" title="Scriptie">scriptie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Sms" title="Sms">sms</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tekst" title="Tekst">tekst</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tekstsoort" title="Tekstsoort">tekstsoort</a> · <a href="/wiki/Verhaal_(hoofdbetekenis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Verhaal (hoofdbetekenis)">verhaal</a> · <a href="/wiki/Pamflet" title="Pamflet">pamflet</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>Theorie:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Driehoek_van_Petersen" title="Driehoek van Petersen">driehoek van Petersen</a> · <a href="/wiki/Grammatica" title="Grammatica">grammatica</a> · <a href="/wiki/Intertekstualiteit" title="Intertekstualiteit">intertekstualiteit</a> · <a href="/wiki/Isotopie_(taalkunde)" title="Isotopie (taalkunde)">isotopie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Narratologie" title="Narratologie">narratologie</a> · <a href="/wiki/Retorica" title="Retorica">retorica</a> · <a href="/wiki/Stijlfiguur" title="Stijlfiguur">stijlfiguur</a> · <a href="/wiki/Taalbeheersing" title="Taalbeheersing">taalbeheersing</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tekst" title="Tekst">tekst</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tekstanalyse" title="Tekstanalyse">tekstanalyse</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tekstlingu%C3%AFstiek" title="Tekstlinguïstiek">tekstlinguïstiek</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tekstualiteit" title="Tekstualiteit">tekstualiteit</a> · <a href="/wiki/Verhaalanalyse" title="Verhaalanalyse">verhaalanalyse</a></td></tr><tr><td class="links"><b>Hulpmiddelen:</b></td><td class="rechts"><a href="/wiki/Grammaticacontrole" title="Grammaticacontrole">grammaticacontrole</a> · <a href="/wiki/Spellingcontrole" title="Spellingcontrole">spellingcontrole</a> · <a href="/wiki/Teksteditor" title="Teksteditor">teksteditor</a> · <a href="/wiki/Tekstverwerker" 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