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id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Sadržaj" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Sadržaj</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">premjesti</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Početak</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Prapovijest" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prapovijest"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Prapovijest</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prapovijest-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Drevna_povijest" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Drevna_povijest"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Drevna povijest</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Drevna_povijest-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Srednji_vijek" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Srednji_vijek"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Srednji vijek</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Srednji_vijek-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Između_Švedske_i_Rusije" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Između_Švedske_i_Rusije"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Između Švedske i Rusije</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Između_Švedske_i_Rusije-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Sadržaj cjeline Između Švedske i Rusije</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Između_Švedske_i_Rusije-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Estofilski_narodni_preporod" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Estofilski_narodni_preporod"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Estofilski narodni preporod</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Estofilski_narodni_preporod-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Borba_za_neovisnost" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Borba_za_neovisnost"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Borba za neovisnost</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Borba_za_neovisnost-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Neovisna_Republika_Estonija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Neovisna_Republika_Estonija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Neovisna Republika Estonija</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Neovisna_Republika_Estonija-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Sadržaj cjeline Neovisna Republika Estonija</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Neovisna_Republika_Estonija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Estonija_u_Drugom_svjetskom_ratu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Estonija_u_Drugom_svjetskom_ratu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Estonija u Drugom svjetskom ratu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Estonija_u_Drugom_svjetskom_ratu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Estonska_SSR" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Estonska_SSR"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Estonska SSR</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Estonska_SSR-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Sadržaj cjeline Estonska SSR</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Estonska_SSR-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Obnova_neovisnosti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Obnova_neovisnosti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Obnova neovisnosti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Obnova_neovisnosti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Moderna_Estonija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Moderna_Estonija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Moderna Estonija</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Moderna_Estonija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bilješke" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bilješke"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Bilješke</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bilješke-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Izvori" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Izvori"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Izvori</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Izvori-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vanjske_poveznice" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vanjske_poveznice"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Vanjske poveznice</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vanjske_poveznice-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sadržaj" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prikaz sadržaja stranice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Prikaz sadržaja stranice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Povijest Estonije</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Idi na druge jezične varijante članka. Dostupan je na 48 jezika" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-48" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">48 jezika</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE_%D8%A5%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="تاريخ إستونيا – arapski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تاريخ إستونيا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historia_d%27Estonia" title="Historia d'Estonia – asturijski" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Historia d'Estonia" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estoniya_tarixi" title="Estoniya tarixi – azerbajdžanski" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Estoniya tarixi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdžanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%85%D1%8B" title="Эстония тарихы – baškirski" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Эстония тарихы" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baškirski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%AD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%96" title="Гісторыя Эстоніі – bjeloruski" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Гісторыя Эстоніі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bjeloruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%AD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%96" title="Гісторыя Эстоніі – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Гісторыя Эстоніі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%95%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="История на Естония – bugarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="История на Естония" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bugarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8" title="এস্তোনিয়ার ইতিহাস – bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="এস্তোনিয়ার ইতিহাস" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hist%C3%B2ria_d%27Est%C3%B2nia" title="Història d'Estònia – katalonski" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Història d'Estònia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C4%9Bjiny_Estonska" title="Dějiny Estonska – češki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Dějiny Estonska" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="češki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estlands_historie" title="Estlands historie – danski" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Estlands historie" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geschichte_Estlands" title="Geschichte Estlands – njemački" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Geschichte Estlands" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="njemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Estonia" title="History of Estonia – engleski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="History of Estonia" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historia_de_Estonia" title="Historia de Estonia – španjolski" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Historia de Estonia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španjolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eesti_ajalugu" title="Eesti ajalugu – estonski" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Eesti ajalugu" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estoniako_historia" title="Estoniako historia – baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Estoniako historia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viron_historia" title="Viron historia – finski" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Viron historia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobri članak"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histoire_de_l%27Estonie" title="Histoire de l'Estonie – francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Histoire de l'Estonie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%94" title="היסטוריה של אסטוניה – hebrejski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="היסטוריה של אסטוניה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89sztorsz%C3%A1g_t%C3%B6rt%C3%A9nelme" title="Észtország történelme – mađarski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Észtország történelme" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="mađarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B7%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB_%D5%BA%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%B4%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Էստոնիայի պատմություն – armenski" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Էստոնիայի պատմություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historio_di_Estonia" title="Historio di Estonia – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Historio di Estonia" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storia_dell%27Estonia" title="Storia dell'Estonia – talijanski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Storia dell'Estonia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="talijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A8%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88%E3%83%8B%E3%82%A2%E3%81%AE%E6%AD%B4%E5%8F%B2" title="エストニアの歴史 – japanski" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="エストニアの歴史" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ესტონეთის ისტორია – gruzijski" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ესტონეთის ისტორია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%97%90%EC%8A%A4%ED%86%A0%EB%8B%88%EC%95%84%EC%9D%98_%EC%97%AD%EC%82%AC" title="에스토니아의 역사 – korejski" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="에스토니아의 역사" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historia_Estoniae" title="Historia Estoniae – latinski" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Historia Estoniae" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estijos_istorija" title="Estijos istorija – litavski" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Estijos istorija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litavski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Igaunijas_v%C4%93sture" title="Igaunijas vēsture – latvijski" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Igaunijas vēsture" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%95%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Историја на Естонија – makedonski" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Историја на Естонија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geschiedenis_van_Estland" title="Geschiedenis van Estland – nizozemski" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Geschiedenis van Estland" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estisk_historie" title="Estisk historie – norveški nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Estisk historie" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norveški nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estlands_historie" title="Estlands historie – norveški bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Estlands historie" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norveški bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historia_Estonii" title="Historia Estonii – poljski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Historia Estonii" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poljski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hist%C3%B3ria_da_Est%C3%B3nia" title="História da Estónia – portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="História da Estónia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istoria_Estoniei" title="Istoria Estoniei – rumunjski" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Istoria Estoniei" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="izabrani članak"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%AD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="История Эстонии – ruski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="История Эстонии" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Эстония историята – jakutski" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Эстония историята" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="jakutski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Estonia" title="History of Estonia – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="History of Estonia" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historia_e_Estonis%C3%AB" title="Historia e Estonisë – albanski" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Historia e Estonisë" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istorija_Estonije" title="Istorija Estonije – srpski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Istorija Estonije" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srpski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estlands_historia" title="Estlands historia – švedski" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Estlands historia" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švedski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historia_ya_Estonia" title="Historia ya Estonia – svahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Historia ya Estonia" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="svahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estonya_tarihi" title="Estonya tarihi – turski" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Estonya tarihi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%95%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%97" title="Історія Естонії – ukrajinski" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Історія Естонії" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%E1%BB%8Bch_s%E1%BB%AD_Estonia" title="Lịch sử Estonia – vijetnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Lịch sử Estonia" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vijetnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E6%B2%99%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="爱沙尼亚历史 – wu kineski" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="爱沙尼亚历史" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E6%B2%99%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E5%8E%86%E5%8F%B2" title="爱沙尼亚历史 – kineski" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="爱沙尼亚历史" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q949423#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Poveznice na druge jezike" class="wbc-editpage">Uredi poveznice</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Imenski prostori"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Povijest_Estonije" title="Pogledaj sadržaj [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Stranica</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Razgovor:Povijest_Estonije&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Razgovorna stranica (stranica ne postoji) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Razgovor</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Promijeni jezičnu varijantu" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">hrvatski</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Pogledi"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Povijest_Estonije"><span>Čitaj</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Estonije&veaction=edit" title="Uredite ovu stranicu [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Uredi</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Estonije&action=edit" title="Uredite izvorni kôd ove stranice [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Uredi kôd</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Estonije&action=history" title="Ranije izmjene na ovoj stranici [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Vidi povijest</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Pomagala"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" 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id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Estonije&action=edit" title="Uredite izvorni kôd ove stranice [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Uredi kôd</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Estonije&action=history"><span>Vidi povijest</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Razno </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:%C5%A0to_vodi_ovamo/Povijest_Estonije" title="Popis svih stranica koje sadrže poveznice na ovu stranicu [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Što vodi ovamo</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Posebno:Povezane_promjene/Povijest_Estonije" rel="nofollow" title="Nedavne promjene na stranicama koje 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decoding="async" width="200" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/300px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/400px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></a><figcaption>Zastava Estonije</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Coat_of_arms_of_Estonia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Coat_of_arms_of_Estonia.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Coat_of_arms_of_Estonia.svg/300px-Coat_of_arms_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Coat_of_arms_of_Estonia.svg/400px-Coat_of_arms_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption>Grb Estonije</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:CombCeramicPottery.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/CombCeramicPottery.jpg/200px-CombCeramicPottery.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/CombCeramicPottery.jpg/300px-CombCeramicPottery.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/CombCeramicPottery.jpg/400px-CombCeramicPottery.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption><center>Glinena posuda iz tzv. sjevernjačke <i>Kulture češljastih ukrasa</i>.<br />Estonski povijesni muzej, <a href="/wiki/Narva" class="mw-disambig" title="Narva">Narva</a>.<center></center></center></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:StoneCistGraves.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/StoneCistGraves.jpg/200px-StoneCistGraves.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/StoneCistGraves.jpg/300px-StoneCistGraves.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/StoneCistGraves.jpg/400px-StoneCistGraves.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption><center>Kameni kružni grobovi iz <a href="/wiki/Bron%C4%8Dano_doba" title="Brončano doba">brončanog doba</a> (sjeverna Estonija).<center></center></center></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Povijest Estonije</b> je <a href="/wiki/Povijest" title="Povijest">povijest</a> prostora današnje <a href="/wiki/Estonija" title="Estonija">Republike Estonije</a> i naroda <a href="/wiki/Estonci" title="Estonci">Estonaca</a> od prapovijesti do danas. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Prapovijest">Prapovijest</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Estonije&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Uredi odlomak: Prapovijest" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Estonije&action=edit&section=1" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Prapovijest"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Područje Estonije je naseljeno od kraja Pleistocenskog <a href="/wiki/Ledeno_doba" title="Ledeno doba">ledenog doba</a>, oko 10.000 pr. Kr. Najranije naseobine se povezuju s <a href="/wiki/Mezolit" class="mw-redirect" title="Mezolit">mezolitskom</a> kulturom Kunda, a najstarije su u okolici rijeke <a href="/wiki/P%C3%A4rnu_(rijeka)" title="Pärnu (rijeka)">Pärnu</a> iz oko 9. tisućljeća pr. Kr. <i>Kultura Kunda</i> je dobila ime prema naselju Kunda iz <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lammasm%C3%A4e&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lammasmäe (stranica ne postoji)">Lammasmäea</a> u sjevernoj Estoniji (iz oko 8,500. pr. Kr.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). Nalazi ove kulture (koštano, kameno, ali i oruđe od minerala i kvarca) potječu i iz drugih dijelova Estonije, ali i <a href="/wiki/Litva" title="Litva">Litve</a>, sjeverne <a href="/wiki/Latvija" title="Latvija">Latvije</a> i južne <a href="/wiki/Finska" title="Finska">Finske</a>. </p><p>Početkom 4. tisućljeća pr. Kr. u Estoniju je došla tzv. <i>Kultura češljastih ukrasa</i> (nazvana po ukrasima na lončariji koji su se dobivali pritiskanjem češlja u posudu prije pečenja).<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pogrebni običaji ove kulture uključivali su polaganje u grob figura životinja, osobito ptica i zmija - ali i ljudi, koje su bile izrezbarene od kosti i <a href="/wiki/Jantar" title="Jantar">jantara</a>. Nalazi ove kulture su pronađeni od sjeverne Finske do istočne <a href="/wiki/Pruska" title="Pruska">Pruske</a>. </p><p>Koncem <a href="/wiki/Bron%C4%8Dano_doba" title="Brončano doba">brončanog doba</a> i početkom ranog <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDeljezno_doba" title="Željezno doba">željeznog doba</a> nastale su velike pomjene u društvu, prije svega prelazak na poljoprivredu koja je ostala glavnom granom estonske privrede. Do kraja <a href="/wiki/5._stolje%C4%87e" title="5. stoljeće">5. stoljeća</a> naseobine su rasle, kao i njihov broj stanovnika. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Drevna_povijest">Drevna povijest</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Estonije&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Uredi odlomak: Drevna povijest" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Estonije&action=edit&section=2" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Drevna povijest"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:KumnaHoardArtfs.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/KumnaHoardArtfs.jpg/200px-KumnaHoardArtfs.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/KumnaHoardArtfs.jpg/300px-KumnaHoardArtfs.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/KumnaHoardArtfs.jpg/400px-KumnaHoardArtfs.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Predmeti iz nalazišta <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kumna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kumna (stranica ne postoji)">Kumna</a>, Estonija (<a href="/wiki/%C5%BDeljezno_doba" title="Željezno doba">Željezno doba</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Estonce je prvi spomenuo rimski povjesničar <a href="/wiki/Tacit" title="Tacit">Tacit</a> u svom djelu <i><a href="/wiki/Germanij" title="Germanij">Germanij</a></i> iz <a href="/wiki/1._stolje%C4%87e_pr._Kr." title="1. stoljeće pr. Kr.">1. stoljeće pr. Kr.</a>, a utjecaji <a href="/wiki/Rimsko_Carstvo" title="Rimsko Carstvo">Rimskog Carstva</a> su bili vidljivi. Za vrijeme željeznog doba su Estonce su često napadali <a href="/wiki/Vikinzi" title="Vikinzi">Vikinzi</a> iz <a href="/wiki/Skandinavija" title="Skandinavija">Skandinavije</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ali su i oni napadali preko <a href="/wiki/Baltik" title="Baltik">Baltika</a>. Zabilježeno je da su estonski <a href="/wiki/Gusari" title="Gusari">gusari</a> opljačkali i spalili <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0vedska" title="Švedska">švedski</a> grad <a href="/wiki/Sigtuna" title="Sigtuna">Sigtunu</a> <a href="/wiki/1187." title="1187.">1187.</a> god.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>U to vrijeme je Estonija i politički podijeljene na <a href="/wiki/Pokrajina" title="Pokrajina">pokrajine</a> (<a href="/wiki/Estonski" class="mw-redirect" title="Estonski">est.</a> <i>kihelkond</i>) i zemlje (<i>maakond</i>). Pokrajine su se sastojale od nekoliko sela s vijećem staraca na čelu i svaka provincija je imala barem jednu <a href="/wiki/Utvrda" class="mw-redirect" title="Utvrda">utvrdu</a>. Obranu okolice vodio je najviši član vijeća, kasnije poznat kao <a href="/wiki/Kralj" title="Kralj">kralj</a>. Svaka se zemlja sastojala od nekoliko pokrajina koje je vodilo ili vijeće ili kralj. Do <a href="/wiki/13._stolje%C4%87e" title="13. stoljeće">13. stoljeća</a> u Estoniji se prepoznaju zemlje: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Revala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Revala (stranica ne postoji)">Revala</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Harjumaa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harjumaa (stranica ne postoji)">Harjumaa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saaremaa" title="Saaremaa">Saaremaa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hiiumaa" title="Hiiumaa">Hiiumaa</a>, <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A4%C3%A4nemaa" class="mw-redirect" title="Läänemaa">Läänemaa</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alempois&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alempois (stranica ne postoji)">Alempois</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sakala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sakala (stranica ne postoji)">Sakala</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ugandi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ugandi (stranica ne postoji)">Ugandi</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jogentagana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jogentagana (stranica ne postoji)">Jogentagana</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Soopoolitse&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Soopoolitse (stranica ne postoji)">Soopoolitse</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Vaiga&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vaiga (stranica ne postoji)">Vaiga</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C3%B5hu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mõhu (stranica ne postoji)">Mõhu</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nurmekund&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nurmekund (stranica ne postoji)">Nurmekund</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%A4rvamaa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Järvamaa (stranica ne postoji)">Järvamaa</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Virumaa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Virumaa (stranica ne postoji)">Virumaa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Srednji_vijek">Srednji vijek</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Estonije&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Uredi odlomak: Srednji vijek" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Estonije&action=edit&section=3" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Srednji vijek"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Danmarks_flag_1219_Lorentzen.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Danmarks_flag_1219_Lorentzen.jpg/200px-Danmarks_flag_1219_Lorentzen.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Danmarks_flag_1219_Lorentzen.jpg/300px-Danmarks_flag_1219_Lorentzen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Danmarks_flag_1219_Lorentzen.jpg/400px-Danmarks_flag_1219_Lorentzen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6464" data-file-height="5112" /></a><figcaption><center>Danska zastava na nebu tijekom <i>bitke za Lyndanisse</i> (<a href="/wiki/15._lipnja" title="15. lipnja">15. lipnja</a> <a href="/wiki/1219." title="1219.">1219.</a>)<br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_August_Lorentzen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christian August Lorentzen (stranica ne postoji)">Christian August Lorentzen</a> (<a href="/wiki/1809." title="1809.">1809.</a>)<center></center></center></figcaption></figure> <p>U <a href="/wiki/11._stolje%C4%87e" title="11. stoljeće">11.</a> i <a href="/wiki/12._stolje%C4%87e" title="12. stoljeće">12. stoljeću</a> područjem Estonije prolaze <a href="/wiki/Danci" title="Danci">Danci</a> i <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0vedi" class="mw-redirect" title="Švedi">Švedi</a>, a između <a href="/wiki/1030." title="1030.">1030.</a> i <a href="/wiki/1192." title="1192.">1192.</a> godine ih neuspješno pokušavaju osvojiti <a href="/wiki/Rusi" title="Rusi">Rusi</a>. </p><p>Estonija je dugo ostala poganskom zemljom, a vrhovno božanstvo njihove politeističke religije bilo je <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tharapita&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tharapita (stranica ne postoji)">Tharapita</a>. To se spominje u <i>Kronikama Henryja iz Livonije</i> (<a href="/wiki/Latinski" class="mw-redirect" title="Latinski">lat.</a> <i>Heinrici Cronicon Lyvoniae</i>) koji ga naziva vrhovnim božanstvom Oeselianaca (stanovnici otoka <a href="/wiki/Saaremaa" title="Saaremaa">Saaremaa</a>), ali i Vironijaca u sjevernoj Estoniji. U <a href="/wiki/Okrug_Virumaa" class="mw-redirect" title="Okrug Virumaa">Virumi</a> je postojalo sveto brdo s drvenim građevinama na kojem se vjerovalo da je rođen Tharapita (vjerojatno brdo Ebavere (<i>Ebavere mägi</i>) u današnjem okrugu <a href="/wiki/Okrug_L%C3%A4%C3%A4ne-Virumaa" class="mw-redirect" title="Okrug Lääne-Virumaa">Lääne-Virumaa</a>. Prema istoj kronici, <a href="/wiki/Kri%C5%BEari" title="Križari">križari</a>, koji su izvršili invaziju na Vironiju <a href="/wiki/1220." title="1220.">1220.</a> god., protjerali su sljedbenike Tharapitua na otok Saarema.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Medieval_Livonia_1260.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Medieval_Livonia_1260.svg/200px-Medieval_Livonia_1260.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="217" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Medieval_Livonia_1260.svg/300px-Medieval_Livonia_1260.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Medieval_Livonia_1260.svg/400px-Medieval_Livonia_1260.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="955" data-file-height="1034" /></a><figcaption><center><a href="/wiki/Livonijska_konfederacija" class="mw-redirect" title="Livonijska konfederacija">Livonijska konfederacija</a> <a href="/wiki/1260." title="1260.">1260.</a> god.<center></center></center></figcaption></figure> <p>Na početku <a href="/wiki/13._stolje%C4%87e" title="13. stoljeće">13. stoljeća</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lembitu_od_Lehole&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lembitu od Lehole (stranica ne postoji)">Lembitu od Lehole</a>, poglavar pokrajine <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sakala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sakala (stranica ne postoji)">Sakala</a> želio je ujediniti Estonce, te odbaciti Dance i <a href="/wiki/Nijemci" title="Nijemci">Nijemce</a> koji su započeli <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sjeverni_kri%C5%BEarski_rat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sjeverni križarski rat (stranica ne postoji)">Sjeverni križarski rat</a>. Uspio je skupiti oko 6.000 vojnika iz svih okolnih zemalja, ali je poginuo u Bitci na dan <a href="/wiki/Sv._Matej" class="mw-redirect" title="Sv. Matej">sv. Mateja</a> (rujan, <a href="/wiki/1217." title="1217.">1217.</a> god.).<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tada Estoniju osvaja <a href="/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dka" title="Njemačka">Njemački</a> viteški red (<a href="/wiki/Teutonci" title="Teutonci">Teutonci</a>). Pokrštavanje zemlje su proveli njemački viteški red "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Livonijska_bra%C4%87a_ma%C4%8Da&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Livonijska braća mača (stranica ne postoji)">Livonijska braća mača</a>" koji su osvojili i južnu Estoniju. U isto vrijeme, <a href="/wiki/Danska" title="Danska">Danska</a> je pokušala zauzeti sjevernu Estoniju. Osvajanje Estonije je dovršeno <a href="/wiki/1227." title="1227.">1227.</a> god. kada sjeverna Estonija s otocima dospijeva pod <a href="/wiki/Danska" title="Danska">Dansku</a>, a južna Estonija i <a href="/wiki/Latvija" title="Latvija">Latvija</a> pod <a href="/wiki/Nijemci" title="Nijemci">njemačku</a> vlast. </p><p>Estonija je postala dijelom <a href="/wiki/Livonijska_konfederacija" class="mw-redirect" title="Livonijska konfederacija">Livonijske konfederacije</a> od <a href="/wiki/1228." title="1228.">1228.</a> god. do 1560-ih. Reval (koji se od 1918. zove <a href="/wiki/Tallinn" title="Tallinn">Tallinn</a>) je dobio pravo slobodnog grada od strane <a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCbeck" title="Lübeck">Lübecka</a> <a href="/wiki/1248." title="1248.">1248.</a> godine i postao je članicom udruženja trgovačkih gradova ili <i><a href="/wiki/Hanza" title="Hanza">Hanza</a> lige</i>. Godine <a href="/wiki/1343." title="1343.">1343.</a>, stanovnici sjeverne Estonije i otoka <a href="/wiki/Saaremaa" title="Saaremaa">Saaremaa</a> su digli bunu protiv <a href="/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dka" title="Njemačka">njemačke</a> vlasti (tzv. <i>Pobuna na noć sv. Jurja</i>), koja je krvavo ugušena 1345. Sljedeće godine (<a href="/wiki/1346." title="1346.">1346.</a>) <a href="/wiki/Danci" title="Danci">Danci</a> prodaju suverenitet nad svojim dijelom Estonije <a href="/wiki/Nijemci" title="Nijemci">Nijemcima</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Rusija" title="Rusija">Rusija</a> je neuspješno pokušavala okupirati Estoniju <a href="/wiki/1481." title="1481.">1481.</a> i <a href="/wiki/1558." title="1558.">1558.</a> god. </p><p>Protestantska <a href="/wiki/Reformacija" title="Reformacija">reformacija</a> u <a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">Europi</a>, koju je pokrenuo <a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther" title="Martin Luther">Martin Luther</a> (<a href="/wiki/1519." title="1519.">1519.</a>), imala je snažan odjek medu <a href="/wiki/Baltik" title="Baltik">baltickim zemljama</a>. Ideje reformacije su bile općepoznate u <a href="/wiki/Livonijska_konfederacija" class="mw-redirect" title="Livonijska konfederacija">Livonijskoj konfederaciji</a> već do 1520-ih. <a href="/wiki/Jezik" title="Jezik">Jezik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Obrazovanje" title="Obrazovanje">obrazovanje</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vjera" title="Vjera">vjera</a> i <a href="/wiki/Politika" title="Politika">politika</a> su se strašno promijenile. Crkveni obredi su se počeli održavati na domaćem jeziku, umjesto <a href="/wiki/Latinski" class="mw-redirect" title="Latinski">latinskog</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Između_Švedske_i_Rusije"><span id="Izme.C4.91u_.C5.A0vedske_i_Rusije"></span>Između Švedske i Rusije</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Estonije&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Uredi odlomak: Između Švedske i Rusije" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Estonije&action=edit&section=4" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Između Švedske i Rusije"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Castlekuressaare.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Castlekuressaare.JPG/200px-Castlekuressaare.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Castlekuressaare.JPG/300px-Castlekuressaare.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Castlekuressaare.JPG/400px-Castlekuressaare.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption><center>Švedski dvorac <a href="/wiki/Kuressaare" title="Kuressaare">Kuressaare</a> na otoku <a href="/wiki/Saaremaa" title="Saaremaa">Saaremaa</a>.<center></center></center></figcaption></figure> <p>Između <a href="/wiki/1558." title="1558.">1558.</a> i <a href="/wiki/1629." title="1629.">1629.</a> godinw Estoniju postupno zauzima <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0vedska" title="Švedska">Švedska</a>. Tijekom <a href="/w/index.php?title=Livonijski_rat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Livonijski rat (stranica ne postoji)">Livonijskog rata</a> <a href="/wiki/1561." title="1561.">1561.</a> god., sjeverna <a href="/wiki/Estonija" title="Estonija">Estonija</a> je došla pod švedsku kontrolu, dok je južna potpala pod kratkotrajnu kontrolu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Poljsko-litvanski_savez&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Poljsko-litvanski savez (stranica ne postoji)">Poljsko-litvanskog saveza</a> 1580-ih. </p><p>Godine <a href="/wiki/1625." title="1625.">1625.</a>, cijela Estonija je potpala pod švedsku kontrolu i podijeljena je na dvije administrativne cjeline: <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0vedska_Estonija" class="mw-redirect" title="Švedska Estonija">švedsku Estoniju</a> na sjeveru i <a href="/wiki/Livonija" title="Livonija">Livoniju</a> na jugu (južna Estonija s <a href="/wiki/Latvija" title="Latvija">Latvijom</a>). Ova podjela će potrajati sve do početka <a href="/wiki/20._stolje%C4%87e" title="20. stoljeće">20. stoljeća</a>. </p><p>Godine <a href="/wiki/1631." title="1631.">1631.</a> <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0vedska" title="Švedska">švedski</a> <a href="/wiki/Kralj" title="Kralj">kralj</a> <a href="/wiki/Gustav_II._Adolf" title="Gustav II. Adolf">Gustav II. Adolf</a>, (<i>Gustavus Adolphus</i>), prisilio je plemiće da odobre jača prava seljacima, iako se kmetstvo zadržalo. Na Sveučilištu u <a href="/wiki/Tartu" title="Tartu">Tartuu</a> je <a href="/wiki/1632." title="1632.">1632.</a> osnovana prva tiskara. Ovo razdoblje je poznato u Estoniji kao "Dobro staro švedsko doba". </p><p>Nakon <a href="/wiki/Veliki_sjeverni_rat" title="Veliki sjeverni rat">Velikog sjevernog rata</a> i mira u Nystadu <a href="/wiki/1721." title="1721.">1721.</a> godine Estonija dolazi pod suverenitet <a href="/wiki/Rusija" title="Rusija">Rusije</a>. Pravni sustav, <a href="/wiki/Luteranizam" class="mw-redirect" title="Luteranizam">luteranska crkva</a>, obrazovanje, ali i lokalna i gradska uprava su ostale njemačke sve do kraja 19. stoljeća, a dijelom i sve do 1918. godine. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Kreutzwald-k%C3%B6ler.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Kreutzwald-k%C3%B6ler.jpg/220px-Kreutzwald-k%C3%B6ler.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="305" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Kreutzwald-k%C3%B6ler.jpg/330px-Kreutzwald-k%C3%B6ler.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2d/Kreutzwald-k%C3%B6ler.jpg 2x" data-file-width="393" data-file-height="544" /></a><figcaption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Johann_K%C3%B6ler&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Johann Köler (stranica ne postoji)">Johann Köler</a>, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friedrich_Reinhold_Kreutzwald&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Friedrich Reinhold Kreutzwald (stranica ne postoji)">Friedrich Reinhold Kreutzwald</a> čita <a href="/wiki/Kalevipoeg" title="Kalevipoeg">Kalevipoeg</a></i></figcaption></figure> <p>Do <a href="/wiki/1819." title="1819.">1819.</a>, skupa s ostalim baltičkim pokrajinama, Estonija je prva ukinula <a href="/wiki/Feudalizam" title="Feudalizam">kmetstvo</a> čime su mogli osnovati svoja gospodarstva ili se seliti u gradove. Ovo je postalo temeljom gospodarskog rasta koji je opet omogućio jačanje <a href="/wiki/Nacionalizam" title="Nacionalizam">nacionalizma</a> i diferencijacije <a href="/wiki/Estonska_umjetnost" title="Estonska umjetnost">estonske kulture</a> i identiteta. <a href="/wiki/Estonski_narodni_preporod" title="Estonski narodni preporod">Estonski narodni preporod</a> je bio u duhu mnogih sličnih pokreta koji su se javili polovicom 19. st. u cijeloj Europi. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Estofilski_narodni_preporod">Estofilski narodni preporod</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Estonije&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Uredi odlomak: Estofilski narodni preporod" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Estonije&action=edit&section=5" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Estofilski narodni preporod"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Estofilska visokoobrazovna klasa (fuzija obrazovanih <a href="/wiki/Nijemci" title="Nijemci">Nijemaca</a> i <a href="/wiki/Estonci" title="Estonci">Estonaca</a>) se divila drevnoj kulturi i slobodi Estonaca od prije okupacije od strane Danaca i Nijemaca u 13. st.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Estofilski prosvjetiteljski pokret je označio prijelaz s estonske religijske literature na novine i tiskovine za šire mase pisane na estonskom jeziku. </p><p>Ovaj kulturni pokret pokrenuo je sve-estonske festivale (koji su se redovito održavali od <a href="/wiki/1869." title="1869.">1869.</a>) i naposljetku uvođenje <a href="/wiki/Estonski_jezik" title="Estonski jezik">estonskog jezika</a> u škole. Razvila se i bogata estonska književnost, te je "<a href="/wiki/Kalevipoeg" title="Kalevipoeg">Kalevipoeg</a>", estonski nacionalni <a href="/wiki/Ep" title="Ep">ep</a>, tiskan <a href="/wiki/1861." title="1861.">1861.</a> godine istovremeno i na estonskom i njemačkom jeziku. </p><p>Odgovor <a href="/wiki/Moskva" title="Moskva">Moskve</a> bila je snažna <a href="/wiki/Rusifikacija" title="Rusifikacija">rusifikacija</a>, osobito snažna za cara <a href="/wiki/Aleksandar_III.,_ruski_car" title="Aleksandar III., ruski car">Aleksandra III.</a> (<a href="/wiki/1881." title="1881.">1881.</a> – <a href="/wiki/1894." title="1894.">1894.</a>). Tada je dokinuta lokalna samouprava baltičkih pokrajina, a nastupa intenzivna rusifikacija u upravi, školstvu i sudstvu. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Borba_za_neovisnost">Borba za neovisnost</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Estonije&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Uredi odlomak: Borba za neovisnost" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Estonije&action=edit&section=6" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Borba za neovisnost"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:FinnVlntrsTllnnDc1918.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/FinnVlntrsTllnnDc1918.jpg/200px-FinnVlntrsTllnnDc1918.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/FinnVlntrsTllnnDc1918.jpg/300px-FinnVlntrsTllnnDc1918.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/FinnVlntrsTllnnDc1918.jpg/400px-FinnVlntrsTllnnDc1918.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3242" data-file-height="2567" /></a><figcaption><center>Dolazak finskih dobrovoljaca u <a href="/wiki/Tallinn" title="Tallinn">Tallinn</a>, prosinac <a href="/wiki/1918." title="1918.">1918.</a> god.</center></figcaption></figure> <p>Nakon <a href="/wiki/Oktobarska_revolucija" title="Oktobarska revolucija">Oktobarske revolucije</a> <a href="/wiki/1917." title="1917.">1917.</a> godine i njemačkih pobjeda protiv <a href="/wiki/Crvena_armija" title="Crvena armija">Crvene armije</a>, izabrano je <i>Estonsko narodno vijeće</i> (<i>Maapäev</i>) i ustrojena je privremena vlada koja proglašava neovisnost <a href="/wiki/Estonija" title="Estonija">Estonije</a> u <a href="/wiki/Tallinn" title="Tallinn">Tallinnu</a>, <a href="/wiki/24._velja%C4%8De" title="24. veljače">24. veljače</a> <a href="/wiki/1918." title="1918.">1918.</a> godine. Iste godine, s povlačenjem sovjetske vojske, Estoniju zauzimaju njemačke postrojbe i započinje <a href="/w/index.php?title=Estonski_oslobodila%C4%8Dki_rat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Estonski oslobodilački rat (stranica ne postoji)">Estonski oslobodilački rat</a> ili <i><a href="/wiki/Vaps_(pokret)" title="Vaps (pokret)">Vaps pokret</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Estonski_jezik" title="Estonski jezik">est.</a>: <i>Eesti Vabadussõjalaste Keskliit</i>). Nakon kapitulacije <a href="/wiki/Njema%C4%8Dka" title="Njemačka">Njemačke</a> u <a href="/wiki/Narva_(grad)" title="Narva (grad)">Narvi</a>, proglašena <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Estonska_Sovjetska_Republika&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Estonska Sovjetska Republika (stranica ne postoji)">Estonska Sovjetska Republika</a></i>. No, već sljedeće godine (<a href="/wiki/1919." title="1919.">1919.</a>), istovremenom pobjedom <i>Estonske oslobodilačke vojske</i> nad Crvenom armijom i Njemačkim dobrovoljcima (<i>Freikorps</i>), Estonija je proglasila neovisnost od <a href="/wiki/SSSR" class="mw-redirect" title="SSSR">Sovjetskog Saveza</a>, a s <a href="/wiki/Nijemci" title="Nijemci">Nijemcima</a> je mir potpisan u <a href="/wiki/Tartu" title="Tartu">Tartu</a> <a href="/wiki/2._velja%C4%8De" title="2. veljače">2. veljače</a> <a href="/wiki/1920." title="1920.">1920.</a> god. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Neovisna_Republika_Estonija">Neovisna Republika Estonija</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Estonije&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Uredi odlomak: Neovisna Republika Estonija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Estonije&action=edit&section=7" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Neovisna Republika Estonija"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Flag_of_the_President_of_Estonia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Flag_of_the_President_of_Estonia.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="64" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Flag_of_the_President_of_Estonia.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Flag_of_the_President_of_Estonia.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_President_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>Prva zemlja koja je priznala Estoniju bila je <a href="/wiki/Finska" title="Finska">Finska</a> <a href="/wiki/7._srpnja" title="7. srpnja">7. srpnja</a> 1920., a uslijedile su <a href="/wiki/Poljska" title="Poljska">Poljska</a> (<a href="/wiki/31._prosinca" title="31. prosinca">31. prosinca</a>), <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a> (<a href="/wiki/12._sije%C4%8Dnja" title="12. siječnja">12. siječnja</a> <a href="/wiki/1921." title="1921.">1921.</a>) i zapadni <a href="/wiki/Saveznici" title="Saveznici">Saveznici</a> <a href="/wiki/26._sije%C4%8Dnja" title="26. siječnja">26. siječnja</a> iste godine. Estonija je zadržala svoju neovisnost sljedeće 22 godine. Isprva kao parlamentarna demokracija (<i><a href="/wiki/Riigikogu" title="Riigikogu">Riigikogu</a></i>), a od <a href="/wiki/1934." title="1934.">1934.</a> god. (raspuštanjem parlamenta) nakon <a href="/wiki/Velika_depresija" class="mw-redirect" title="Velika depresija">Velike svjetske krize</a>, vlast preuzima <a href="/wiki/Konstantin_P%C3%A4ts" title="Konstantin Päts">Konstantin Päts</a>. Konstantin Päts je uveo <a href="/wiki/Diktatura" title="Diktatura">diktatorski</a> režim i počeo nastojati sklopiti obrambeni savez s Njemačkom. On je bio predsjednik do <a href="/wiki/1938." title="1938.">1938.</a> god. kada se ponovno uspostavljaju parlamentarni <a href="/wiki/Izbori" title="Izbori">izbori</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Estonija_u_Drugom_svjetskom_ratu">Estonija u Drugom svjetskom ratu</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Estonije&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Uredi odlomak: Estonija u Drugom svjetskom ratu" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Estonije&action=edit&section=8" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Estonija u Drugom svjetskom ratu"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:J%C3%BCri_Uluots.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/J%C3%BCri_Uluots.jpg/150px-J%C3%BCri_Uluots.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/J%C3%BCri_Uluots.jpg/225px-J%C3%BCri_Uluots.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/J%C3%BCri_Uluots.jpg/300px-J%C3%BCri_Uluots.jpg 2x" data-file-width="357" data-file-height="476" /></a><figcaption><center>Premijer <a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCri_Uluots" title="Jüri Uluots">Jüri Uluots</a> <a href="/wiki/1944." title="1944.">1944.</a> god.<center></center></center></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Reichskommissariat_Ostland_Administrative.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Reichskommissariat_Ostland_Administrative.png/200px-Reichskommissariat_Ostland_Administrative.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="289" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Reichskommissariat_Ostland_Administrative.png/300px-Reichskommissariat_Ostland_Administrative.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Reichskommissariat_Ostland_Administrative.png/400px-Reichskommissariat_Ostland_Administrative.png 2x" data-file-width="2856" data-file-height="4120" /></a><figcaption><center>Njemačka tvorevina <a href="/wiki/Ostland" title="Ostland">Ostland</a> u kojoj je bila i Estonija do <a href="/wiki/1944." title="1944.">1944.</a> god.<center></center></center></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Pakt_Ribbentrop-Molotov" title="Pakt Ribbentrop-Molotov">Paktom Ribbentrop-Molotov</a> iz <a href="/wiki/1939." title="1939.">1939.</a> god., Estonija je pripala sovjetskoj interesnoj sferi. <a href="/wiki/SSSR" class="mw-redirect" title="SSSR">SSSR</a> je zauzeo Estoniju <a href="/wiki/1940." title="1940.">1940.</a> god.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> i u kolovozu je anektirao kao <i>Estonsku Sovjetsku Socijalističku Republiku</i>. </p><p>Od <a href="/wiki/14._lipnja" title="14. lipnja">14. lipnja</a> <a href="/wiki/1941." title="1941.">1941.</a> god. uslijedile su masovne <a href="/wiki/Deportacija" title="Deportacija">deportacije</a> u kojima su mnogi političari i intelektualci, ali i obični građani, ubijeni ili preseljeni u udaljene dijelove SSSR-a. </p><p>Kada se njemačke snage u <a href="/wiki/Operacija_Barbarossa" title="Operacija Barbarossa">Operaciji Barbarossa</a> napale Sovjetski savez, oko 34.000 Estonaca je prisilno mobilizirano, a manje od 30% njih je preživjelo rat. U to vrijeme političke zatvorenike koje nisu mogli deportirati <a href="/wiki/NKVD" title="NKVD">NKVD</a> je eliminirala.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Njemačke snage u suradnji s Estonskim partizanima (<i>Šumska braća</i>) zauzele su Narvu <a href="/wiki/17._kolovoza" title="17. kolovoza">17. kolovoza</a>, a Tallinn <a href="/wiki/28._kolovoza" title="28. kolovoza">28. kolovoza</a>. Odmah nakon što su potjerali sovjetsku vojsku, njemačka vojska je razoružala partizane. Iako su isprva Estonci smatrali Nijemce za osloboditelje, ubrzo su shvatili kako su samo promijenili okupatora. Uslijedilo je pustošenje zemlje i <a href="/wiki/Holokaust" title="Holokaust">holokaust</a>, a Estonci koji nisu podržavali <a href="/wiki/Nacizam" class="mw-redirect" title="Nacizam">nacizam</a> su radije pristupili finskoj vojsci. </p><p>U siječnju <a href="/wiki/1944." title="1944.">1944.</a> god. Crvena armija je nahrupila preko granica Estonije i <a href="/wiki/Estonci" title="Estonci">Estonci</a> su masovno odgovorili pozivu na mobilizaciju protiv sovjeta (38.000 dobrovoljaca u jednom danu).<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> I Estonci koji su bili u finskoj vojsci su došli preko <a href="/wiki/Baltik" title="Baltik">Baltika</a> uz potporu <a href="/wiki/Finska" title="Finska">Finske</a> koja je mislila da će ovom akcijom potaći zapad da im pomogne u borbi protiv sovjeta. </p><p>Žrtve tijekom Drugog svjetskog rata u Estoniji se procjenjuju na 25% ukupne populacije u državi (oko 90.000), jedna od najviših brojki u Europi. One uključuju ratne žrtve, ali i nestale i deportirane u sovjetskim deportacijama 1941. godine, i njemačkim deportacijama i holokaustu<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Estonska_SSR">Estonska SSR</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Estonije&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Uredi odlomak: Estonska SSR" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Estonije&action=edit&section=9" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Estonska SSR"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Flag_of_the_Estonian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_(1953%E2%80%931990).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Flag_of_the_Estonian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931990%29.svg/150px-Flag_of_the_Estonian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Flag_of_the_Estonian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931990%29.svg/225px-Flag_of_the_Estonian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Flag_of_the_Estonian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931990%29.svg/300px-Flag_of_the_Estonian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic_%281953%E2%80%931990%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:SovietPrisonDoorsTallinn.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/SovietPrisonDoorsTallinn.JPG/200px-SovietPrisonDoorsTallinn.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/SovietPrisonDoorsTallinn.JPG/300px-SovietPrisonDoorsTallinn.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/SovietPrisonDoorsTallinn.JPG/400px-SovietPrisonDoorsTallinn.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption><center>Sovjetska zatvorska vrata u muzeju okupacija u Tallinnu<center></center></center></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Baltic_states_borders.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Baltic_states_borders.jpg/200px-Baltic_states_borders.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Baltic_states_borders.jpg/300px-Baltic_states_borders.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Baltic_states_borders.jpg/400px-Baltic_states_borders.jpg 2x" data-file-width="721" data-file-height="593" /></a><figcaption><center>Promjene estonskih granica od <a href="/wiki/1939." title="1939.">1939.</a> do <a href="/wiki/2001." title="2001.">2001.</a> god.<center></center></center></figcaption></figure> <p>Dana <a href="/wiki/12._sije%C4%8Dnja" title="12. siječnja">12. siječnja</a> <a href="/wiki/1949." title="1949.">1949.</a> god. Vijeće ministara <a href="/wiki/Sovjetski_savez" class="mw-redirect" title="Sovjetski savez">Sovjetskog saveza</a> donijelo je odluku o "progonu i deportaciji" <a href="/wiki/Balti%C4%8Dki_narodi" title="Baltički narodi">Baltičkih naroda</a>, tzv. <a href="/wiki/Kulak" title="Kulak">kulaka</a> i njihovih obitelji, kao i obitelji "bandita i nacionalista" i "drugih"<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Više od 200.000 ljudi je deportirano iz <a href="/wiki/Baltik" title="Baltik">Baltičke regije</a> od 1940. do 1953. god., uključujući najmanje 75.000 (više od 10% ukupne populacije odraslih) koji su poslani u logore smrti (<a href="/wiki/Gulag" title="Gulag">gulag</a>). </p><p>Ratna šteta i sovjetsko plansko gospodarstvo su usporili gospodarski razvoj Estonije koja je naposljetku jako zaostajala od zemalja u regiji (<a href="/wiki/Finska" title="Finska">Finska</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0vedska" title="Švedska">Švedska</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Također, veliki dijelovi zemlje su militarizirani, ponajviše morska obala i otoci (uključujući <a href="/wiki/Saaremaa" title="Saaremaa">Saaremaa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hiiumaa" title="Hiiumaa">Hiiumaa</a> i grad <a href="/wiki/Paldiski" title="Paldiski">Paldiski</a> koji je postao glavni centar za <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nuklearna_podmornica&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nuklearna podmornica (stranica ne postoji)">nuklearne podmornice</a>) koji su proglašeni "graničnom zonom". Stotine tisuća <a href="/wiki/Rusi" title="Rusi">Rusa</a> i drugih naroda iz cijelog Sovjetskog saveza je dovedeno u Estoniju da pripomognu industrijalizaciji i militarizaciji, čime se broj stanovnika povećao za pola milijuna u 45 godina<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Do 1980. kada je održano natjecanje u <a href="/wiki/Jedrenje" title="Jedrenje">jedrenju</a> u <a href="/wiki/Tallinn" title="Tallinn">Tallinnu</a>, u sklopu <a href="/wiki/XXII._Olimpijske_igre_%E2%80%93_Moskva_1980." title="XXII. Olimpijske igre – Moskva 1980.">Olimpijskih igara u Moskvi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rusifikacija" title="Rusifikacija">rusifikacija</a> i <a href="/wiki/Imigracija" class="mw-redirect" title="Imigracija">imigracija</a> su izazvale opće proteste. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Obnova_neovisnosti">Obnova neovisnosti</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Estonije&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Uredi odlomak: Obnova neovisnosti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Estonije&action=edit&section=10" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Obnova neovisnosti"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/SAD" class="mw-redirect" title="SAD">SAD</a>, <a href="/wiki/Velika_Britanija" class="mw-redirect" title="Velika Britanija">Velika Britanija</a>, <a href="/wiki/Francuska" title="Francuska">Francuska</a> i većina zapadnih zemalja su smatrali aneksiju Estonije nezakonitim činom, te nisu priznavali Estonsku SSR, a održavali su diplomatske veze s predstavnicima Neovisne Estonije koji su bili u izgnanstvu. Slabljanjem sovjetskog autoriteta 1980-ih, estonska ideja neovisnosti je jačala. "<a href="/wiki/Raspjevana_revolucija" title="Raspjevana revolucija">Raspjevana revolucija</a>", iz <a href="/wiki/1989." title="1989.">1989.</a>, kulminirala je simboličanim pokretom nazvan - <a href="/wiki/Balti%C4%8Dki_put" title="Baltički put">Baltički put</a>, koji se sastojao od lanca 2 milijuna ljudi koji su se držali za ruke od <a href="/wiki/Litva" title="Litva">Litve</a>, <a href="/wiki/Latvija" title="Latvija">Latvije</a> do Estonije. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Estonska_deklaracija_neovisnosti&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Estonska deklaracija neovisnosti (stranica ne postoji)">Estonska deklaracija neovisnosti</a> je izdata <a href="/wiki/16._studenog" class="mw-redirect" title="16. studenog">16. studenog</a> 1989.,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a službenu neovisnost je Estonija objavila nakon raspada SSSR-a <a href="/wiki/20._kolovoza" title="20. kolovoza">20. kolovoza</a> <a href="/wiki/1991." title="1991.">1991.</a> god. (tijekom pokušaja <a href="/wiki/Dr%C5%BEavni_udar" class="mw-redirect" title="Državni udar">državnog udara</a> u <a href="/wiki/Moskva" title="Moskva">Moskvi</a>) i time je obnovila neovisnu Estoniju od prije 1940. god. Prva zemlja koja je priznala Estoniju bila je <a href="/wiki/Island" title="Island">Island</a>, a sovjetska vojska je morala napustiti Estoniju do <a href="/wiki/31._kolovoza" title="31. kolovoza">31. kolovoza</a> <a href="/wiki/1994." title="1994.">1994.</a> god. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Moderna_Estonija">Moderna Estonija</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Estonije&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Uredi odlomak: Moderna Estonija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Estonije&action=edit&section=11" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Moderna Estonija"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Flag_of_Estonia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/150px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/225px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/300px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:GW_Bush,_TH_Ilves_2006-2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/GW_Bush%2C_TH_Ilves_2006-2.jpg/220px-GW_Bush%2C_TH_Ilves_2006-2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/GW_Bush%2C_TH_Ilves_2006-2.jpg/330px-GW_Bush%2C_TH_Ilves_2006-2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/GW_Bush%2C_TH_Ilves_2006-2.jpg/440px-GW_Bush%2C_TH_Ilves_2006-2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="515" data-file-height="333" /></a><figcaption><center>Predsjednik <a href="/w/index.php?title=Toomas_Hendrik_Ilves&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Toomas Hendrik Ilves (stranica ne postoji)">Toomas Hendrik Ilves</a> s predsjednikom <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">Georgeom Bushom</a> u Estoniji <a href="/wiki/2006." title="2006.">2006.</a> god.<center></center></center></figcaption></figure> <p>Premijeri prijelazne vlade bili su: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Edgar_Savisaar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Edgar Savisaar (stranica ne postoji)">Edgar Savisaar</a> i <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tiit_V%C3%A4hi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tiit Vähi (stranica ne postoji)">Tiit Vähi</a>. Godine <a href="/wiki/1992." title="1992.">1992.</a> donesen je novi <a href="/wiki/Ustav" title="Ustav">ustav</a>, a na predsjedničkim izborima pobijedio je <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lennart_Meri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lennart Meri (stranica ne postoji)">Lennart Meri</a>. Od uspostave neovisnosti Estonija je imala 12 vlada i 8 premijera: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mart_Laar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mart Laar (stranica ne postoji)">Mart Laar</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Andres_Tarand&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andres Tarand (stranica ne postoji)">Andres Tarand</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tiit_V%C3%A4hi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tiit Vähi (stranica ne postoji)">Tiit Vähi</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mart_Siimann&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mart Siimann (stranica ne postoji)">Mart Siimann</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Siim_Kallas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siim Kallas (stranica ne postoji)">Siim Kallas</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Juhan_Parts&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Juhan Parts (stranica ne postoji)">Juhan Partsi</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Andrus_Ansip&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Andrus Ansip (stranica ne postoji)">Andrus Ansip</a>. </p><p>Nakon odlaska sovjetske vojske <a href="/wiki/1994." title="1994.">1994.</a> godine, Estonija je ostvarila bliske gospodarske i političke veze sa <a href="/wiki/Zapadna_Europa" title="Zapadna Europa">zapadnom Europom</a>. Nakon dugih pregovora od <a href="/wiki/1998." title="1998.">1998.</a>, napokon je postala članicom <a href="/wiki/EU" class="mw-redirect" title="EU">Europske unije</a> <a href="/wiki/2004." title="2004.">2004.</a> godine, nedugo nakon pristupanja <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> savezu. </p><p>Godine <a href="/wiki/2005." title="2005.">2005.</a> ista oluja koja je poharala SAD, pogodila je UK, Skandinaviju i Baltičke zemlje. U Estoniji je poginulo 13 ljudi u poplavama. God. <a href="/wiki/2006." title="2006.">2006.</a> predsjednikom Estonije postaje <a href="/w/index.php?title=Toomas_Hendrik_Ilves&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Toomas Hendrik Ilves (stranica ne postoji)">Toomas Hendrik Ilves</a>, a <a href="/wiki/2007." title="2007.">2007.</a> je izbila ruska pobuna nakon pokušaja uklanjanja "Brončanog vojnika", sovjetskog spomenika u Tallinnu. U dvodnevnim neredima, jedna osoba je izgubila život.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bilješke"><span id="Bilje.C5.A1ke"></span>Bilješke</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Estonije&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Uredi odlomak: Bilješke" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Estonije&action=edit&section=12" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Bilješke"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6541845">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=kBZlHdp7tdcC&pg">Estonija: Identitet i neovisnost, str.24 </a><a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_knji%C5%BEni_broj" title="Međunarodni standardni knjižni broj">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/9042008903" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/9042008903">9042008903</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=X2LTAAAACAAJHistory">Povijest Estonije </a><a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_knji%C5%BEni_broj" title="Međunarodni standardni knjižni broj">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/9985206061" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/9985206061">9985206061</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?ei=57ouR9z-LYjysgPiiZSmCQ&id=mu9KAAAAMAAJ&dq=Kumna+Hoard&q=Kumna+hoard&pgis=1#search">Arheološka nalazišta u Estoniji</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Nekoliko vikinških saga spominje napade na Estoniju</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://heninen.net/sigtuna/english.htm">Pljačkanje Sigtune</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Toivo U. Raun, <i>Estonija i Estonci</i>, str.11 <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_knji%C5%BEni_broj" title="Međunarodni standardni knjižni broj">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/0817928529" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/0817928529">0817928529</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r7012897">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"»""«"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040617220102/http://www.columbia.edu/cu/cup/catalog/data/023112/0231128886.HTM"><i>Kronike Henryja iz Livonije</i></a>. Inačica <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.columbia.edu/cu/cup/catalog/data/023112/0231128886.HTM">izvorne stranice</a> arhivirana 17. lipnja 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 26. studenoga 2008.</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Kronike+Henryja+iz+Livonije&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.columbia.edu%2Fcu%2Fcup%2Fcatalog%2Fdata%2F023112%2F0231128886.HTM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fhr.wikipedia.org%3APovijest+Estonije" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-hidden-error error citation-comment">journal zahtijeva <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Pomo%C4%87:CS1_gre%C5%A1ke#missing_periodical" title="Pomoć:CS1 greške">pomoć</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eestigiid.ee/?ItemID=227&PYear=aasta&Person=nimi&start=0">eestigiid.ee <i>Lembitu</i></a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://depts.washington.edu/baltic/papers/reform.html">Protestantska reformacija na Baltiku</a>  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090903024306/http://depts.washington.edu/baltic/papers/reform.html">Arhivirana inačica izvorne stranice</a> od 3. rujna 2009. (<a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>) Sveucilište u Washingtonu.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=kBZlHdp7tdcC&pg">Jean-Jacques, <i>Identitet i neovisnost</i>, str.84 </a><a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_knji%C5%BEni_broj" title="Međunarodni standardni knjižni broj">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/9042008903" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/9042008903">9042008903</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">David J. Smith, <i>Baltičke države</i>, str.19 <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_knji%C5%BEni_broj" title="Međunarodni standardni knjižni broj">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/0415285801" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/0415285801">0415285801</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Anatol Lieven, <i>Baltička revolucija i put k slobodi</i>, str.424 <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_knji%C5%BEni_broj" title="Međunarodni standardni knjižni broj">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/0300060785" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/0300060785">0300060785</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Dave Lande, <i>Otpor u okupiranoj Europi</i>, str. 200 <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_knji%C5%BEni_broj" title="Međunarodni standardni knjižni broj">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/0760307458" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/0760307458">0760307458</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-37264/Baltic-states">Gubitci Baltičkih država u II. svjetskom ratu</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Stephane Courtois, Nicholas Werth, Jean-Louis Panne, Andrzej Paczkowski, Karel Bartosek, Jean-Louis Margolin i Mark Kramer: <i>Crna kniga komunizma</i>, Harvard Press, 1999. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_knji%C5%BEni_broj" title="Međunarodni standardni knjižni broj">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/0-674-07608-7" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/0-674-07608-7">0-674-07608-7</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.riigikogu.ee/public/Riigikogu/ValgeRaamat.pdf">Valge raamat</a>  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110503200228/http://www.riigikogu.ee/public/Riigikogu/ValgeRaamat.pdf">Arhivirana inačica izvorne stranice</a> od 3. svibnja 2011. (<a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>), str. 125. i 148.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r7012897"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110503200228/http://www.riigikogu.ee/public/Riigikogu/ValgeRaamat.pdf">Valge raamat</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Inačica <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.riigikogu.ee/public/Riigikogu/ValgeRaamat.pdf">izvorne stranice</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> arhivirana 3. svibnja 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Pristupljeno 27. studenoga 2008.</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Valge+raamat&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.riigikogu.ee%2Fpublic%2FRiigikogu%2FValgeRaamat.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fhr.wikipedia.org%3APovijest+Estonije" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-hidden-error error citation-comment">journal zahtijeva <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Pomo%C4%87:CS1_gre%C5%A1ke#missing_periodical" title="Pomoć:CS1 greške">pomoć</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Jan Wielgohs, Disidenti i otpor u komunističkoj Europi, Ashgate Publishing, Ltd, 2004., str. 134. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_knji%C5%BEni_broj" title="Međunarodni standardni knjižni broj">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/9780754637905" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/9780754637905">9780754637905</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=ZoYgF9oCvOcC&pg=PA134&dq">[1]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-19">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/6604647.stm">BBC NEWS: Estonija krivi Rusiju zbog nemira</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Izvori">Izvori</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Estonije&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Uredi odlomak: Izvori" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Estonije&action=edit&section=13" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Izvori"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Opća i nacionalna enciklopedija br. 12.</i>, <a href="/wiki/Ve%C4%8Dernji_list" title="Večernji list">Večernji list</a> d. d., <a href="/wiki/Zagreb" title="Zagreb">Zagreb</a> 2007. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_knji%C5%BEni_broj" title="Međunarodni standardni knjižni broj">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/978-953-7224-12-0" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/978-953-7224-12-0">978-953-7224-12-0</a> <span class="error" style="font-size:88%"><abbr title="pogrešna zbrojna znamenka">nevaljani ISBN</abbr></span></li> <li><i>Povijest svijeta</i>, The Times, Hena com, Zagreb, 2002. <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%91unarodni_standardni_knji%C5%BEni_broj" title="Međunarodni standardni knjižni broj">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Posebno:Tra%C5%BEi_ISBN/953-6510-62-6" title="Posebno:Traži ISBN/953-6510-62-6">953-6510-62-6</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vanjske_poveznice">Vanjske poveznice</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Estonije&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Uredi odlomak: Vanjske poveznice" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Estonije&action=edit&section=14" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Vanjske poveznice"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://einst.ee/publications/hip/">Povijest Estonije u slikama</a>  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050905022125/http://www.einst.ee/publications/hip/">Arhivirana inačica izvorne stranice</a> od 5. rujna 2005. (<a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>) izdanje Estonskog instuta za Povijest</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ce-review.org/00/27/estonia27_history.html">Kratka povijest Estonije</a>  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190310213950/http://www.ce-review.org/00/27/estonia27_history.html">Arhivirana inačica izvorne stranice</a> od 10. ožujka 2019. (<a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>) autor: Mel Huang</li></ul> <table border="0" class="noprint" style="clear: right; border: solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1) 1px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; font-size: 90%; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa); color: inherit; width: 250px; padding: 4px; spacing: 0px; text-align: left; float: right;"> <tbody><tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Logotip Zajedničkog poslužitelja"><img alt="Logotip Zajedničkog poslužitelja" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span><figcaption>Logotip Zajedničkog poslužitelja</figcaption></figure> </td> <td><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Glavna_stranica?uselang=hr">Zajednički poslužitelj</a> ima stranicu o temi <i><b><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:History_of_Estonia?uselang=hr">Povijest Estonije</a></b></i></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="navbox" cellspacing="0" style=";"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table cellspacing="0" class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse" style="width:100%;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"><tbody><tr><th style=";background:#eeeeee" colspan="2" class="navbox-naslov"><div style="float:left; width:6em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinksneverexpand navbar" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; font-variant:small-caps; ;background:#eeeeee;border:none;;"><a href="/wiki/Predlo%C5%BEak:Povijest_Europe" title="Predložak:Povijest Europe"><span title="Vidi ovaj predložak." style=";background:#eeeeee;border:none;;">v</span></a> • <a class="external text" href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Predlo%C5%BEak:Povijest_Europe&action=edit"><span style="color:#002bb8;;background:#eeeeee;border:none;;" title="Možete urediti ovaj predložak. Prije spremanja provjerite kako će izgledati.">u</span></a></div></div><span style="font-size:110%;"><a href="/wiki/Povijest_Europe" title="Povijest Europe">Povijest</a> <a href="/wiki/Dr%C5%BEava" title="Država">država</a> u <a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">Europi</a></span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-grupa" style=";background:#eeeeee;">Samostalne države</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-popis navbox-neparni"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Povijest_Albanije" title="Povijest Albanije">Albanija</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_Andore" title="Povijest Andore">Andora</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_Austrije" title="Povijest Austrije">Austrija</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_Azerbajd%C5%BEana" title="Povijest Azerbajdžana">Azerbajdžan</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_Belgije" title="Povijest Belgije">Belgija</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_Bjelorusije" title="Povijest Bjelorusije">Bjelorusija</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_Bosne_i_Hercegovine" title="Povijest Bosne i Hercegovine">Bosna i Hercegovina</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_Bugarske" title="Povijest Bugarske">Bugarska</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_Cipra" title="Povijest Cipra">Cipar</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_Crne_Gore" class="mw-redirect" title="Povijest Crne Gore">Crna Gora</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_%C4%8Ce%C5%A1ke" title="Povijest Češke">Češka</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_Danske" title="Povijest Danske">Danska</a> • <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Estonija</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_Finske" title="Povijest Finske">Finska</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_Francuske" title="Povijest Francuske">Francuska</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_Gr%C4%8Dke" title="Povijest Grčke">Grčka</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_Gruzije" title="Povijest Gruzije">Gruzija</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_Hrvatske" class="mw-redirect" title="Povijest Hrvatske">Hrvatska</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_Irske" title="Povijest Irske">Irska</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_Islanda" title="Povijest Islanda">Island</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_Italije" title="Povijest Italije">Italija</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_Kazahstana" title="Povijest Kazahstana">Kazahstan</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_Kosova" title="Povijest Kosova">Kosovo</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_Latvije" title="Povijest Latvije">Latvija</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Lihten%C5%A1tajna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Povijest Lihtenštajna (stranica ne postoji)">Lihtenštajn</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_Litve" title="Povijest Litve">Litva</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_Luksemburga" title="Povijest Luksemburga">Luksemburg</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_Ma%C4%91arske" title="Povijest Mađarske">Mađarska</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_Malte" title="Povijest Malte">Malta</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_Moldavije" title="Povijest Moldavije">Moldova</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Monaka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Povijest Monaka (stranica ne postoji)">Monako</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_Nizozemske" title="Povijest Nizozemske">Nizozemska</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_Norve%C5%A1ke" title="Povijest Norveške">Norveška</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_Njema%C4%8Dke" title="Povijest Njemačke">Njemačka</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_Poljske" title="Povijest Poljske">Poljska</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_Portugala" title="Povijest Portugala">Portugal</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_Rumunjske" title="Povijest Rumunjske">Rumunjska</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_Rusije" title="Povijest Rusije">Rusija</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_San_Marina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Povijest San Marina (stranica ne postoji)">San Marino</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_Sjeverne_Makedonije" title="Povijest Sjeverne Makedonije">Sjeverna Makedonija</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_Slova%C4%8Dke" title="Povijest Slovačke">Slovačka</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_Slovenije" title="Povijest Slovenije">Slovenija</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_Srbije" title="Povijest Srbije">Srbija</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_%C5%A0panjolske" title="Povijest Španjolske">Španjolska</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_%C5%A0vedske" title="Povijest Švedske">Švedska</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_%C5%A0vicarske" title="Povijest Švicarske">Švicarska</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_Turske" title="Povijest Turske">Turska</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_Ujedinjenog_Kraljevstva" title="Povijest Ujedinjenog Kraljevstva">Ujedinjeno Kraljevstvo</a> • <a href="/wiki/Povijest_Ukrajine" title="Povijest Ukrajine">Ukrajina</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Vatikana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Povijest Vatikana (stranica ne postoji)">Vatikan</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-grupa" style=";background:#eeeeee;"><a href="/wiki/Popis_zavisnih_teritorija" title="Popis zavisnih teritorija">Zavisni teritoriji</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-popis navbox-parni"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Akrotirija_i_Dhekelije&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Povijest Akrotirija i Dhekelije (stranica ne postoji)">Akrotiri i Dhekelia</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_%C3%85landskih_otoka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Povijest Ålandskih otoka (stranica ne postoji)">Ålandski otoci</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Gibraltara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Povijest Gibraltara (stranica ne postoji)">Gibraltar</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Grenlanda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Povijest Grenlanda (stranica ne postoji)">Grenland</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Guernseya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Povijest Guernseya (stranica ne postoji)">Guernsey</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_otoka_Man&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Povijest otoka Man (stranica ne postoji)">Otok Man</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_F%C3%B8royara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Povijest Føroyara (stranica ne postoji)">Føroyar</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Jerseya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Povijest Jerseya (stranica ne postoji)">Jersey</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Jan_Mayena&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Povijest Jan Mayena (stranica ne postoji)">Jan Mayen</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Svalbarda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Povijest Svalbarda (stranica ne postoji)">Svalbard</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-grupa" style=";background:#eeeeee;"><a href="/wiki/Popis_nepriznatih_dr%C5%BEava" title="Popis nepriznatih država">Nepriznate države</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-popis navbox-neparni"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Abhazije&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Povijest Abhazije (stranica ne postoji)">Abhazija</a> <small>(Gruzija)</small> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Gorskog_Karabaha&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Povijest Gorskog Karabaha (stranica ne postoji)">Gorski Karabah</a> <small>(Azerbajdžan)</small><sup>2)</sup> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Ju%C5%BEne_Osetije&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Povijest Južne Osetije (stranica ne postoji)">Južna Osetija</a> <small>(Gruzija)</small> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Pridnjestrovske_Moldavske_Republike&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Povijest Pridnjestrovske Moldavske Republike (stranica ne postoji)">Pridnjestrovlje</a> <small>(Moldova)</small> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Povijest_Turske_Republike_Sjeverni_Cipar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Povijest Turske Republike Sjeverni Cipar (stranica ne postoji)">Turska Republika Sjeverni Cipar</a> <small>(Cipar)</small><sup>2)</sup></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-iznadispod" style=";background:#eeeeee" colspan="2"><div> <p><sup>1)</sup> Značajan dio teritorija se nalazi u <a href="/wiki/Azija" title="Azija">Aziji</a>.  <sup>2)</sup> U potpunosti u Aziji, ali ima društvene i političke veze s Europom.  <sup>3)</sup> Posjeduje zavisne ili slične teritorije izvan Europe. </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Dobavljeno iz "<a dir="ltr" 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