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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Atlantic_Wire"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span><i>The Atlantic Wire</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Atlantic_Wire-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-CityLab" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#CityLab"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span><i>CityLab</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-CityLab-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Praise,_retractions,_legal_issues,_and_controversies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Praise,_retractions,_legal_issues,_and_controversies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Praise, retractions, legal issues, and controversies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Praise,_retractions,_legal_issues,_and_controversies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ownership_and_editors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ownership_and_editors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Ownership and editors</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Ownership_and_editors-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Ownership and editors subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Ownership_and_editors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-List_of_editors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_editors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>List of editors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_editors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span 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Available in 35 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-35" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">35 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B0%D8%A7_%D8%A3%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%83" title="ذا أتلانتيك – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ذا أتلانتيك" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="The Atlantic" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA_(%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5)" title="Атлантик (списание) – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Атлантик (списание)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="The Atlantic" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="The Atlantic" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="The Atlantic" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="The Atlantic" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="The Atlantic" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%DB%8C%DA%A9_(%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%84%D9%87)" title="آتلانتیک (مجله) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آتلانتیک (مجله)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="The Atlantic" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%94%94_%EC%95%A0%ED%8B%80%EB%9E%9C%ED%8B%B1" title="디 애틀랜틱 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="디 애틀랜틱" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95" title="द अटलांटिक – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="द अटलांटिक" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="The Atlantic" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="The Atlantic" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%90%D7%98%D7%9C%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%99%D7%A7" title="האטלנטיק – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="האטלנטיק" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="The Atlantic" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95" title="അറ്റ്ലാന്റിക് മാസിക – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="അറ്റ്ലാന്റിക് മാസിക" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="The Atlantic" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="The Atlantic" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%88%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%86%E3%82%A3%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF_(%E9%9B%91%E8%AA%8C)" title="アトランティック (雑誌) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アトランティック (雑誌)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="The Atlantic" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Atlantic_Monthly" title="The Atlantic Monthly – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="The Atlantic Monthly" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="The Atlantic" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="The Atlantic" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="The Atlantic" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="The Atlantic" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="The Atlantic" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="The Atlantic" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="The Atlantic" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="The Atlantic" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="The Atlantic" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="The Atlantic" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%B9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%B9%DA%A9_(%D9%85%DB%8C%DA%AF%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%86)" title="دی اٹلانٹک (میگزین) – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="دی اٹلانٹک (میگزین)" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Atlantic" title="The Atlantic – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="The Atlantic" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%A5%BF%E6%B4%8B_(%E9%9B%9C%E8%AA%8C)" title="大西洋 (雜誌) – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="大西洋 (雜誌)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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<div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American magazine and publisher</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the body of water, see <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Atlantic (disambiguation)">Atlantic (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox hproduct"><caption class="infobox-title fn"><i>The Atlantic</i></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The-Atlantic-logo-vector.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/The-Atlantic-logo-vector.svg/250px-The-Atlantic-logo-vector.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/The-Atlantic-logo-vector.svg/330px-The-Atlantic-logo-vector.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/The-Atlantic-logo-vector.svg/500px-The-Atlantic-logo-vector.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Atlantic_Monthly,_published_November_1857.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/The_Atlantic_Monthly%2C_published_November_1857.jpg/220px-The_Atlantic_Monthly%2C_published_November_1857.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="377" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/The_Atlantic_Monthly%2C_published_November_1857.jpg/330px-The_Atlantic_Monthly%2C_published_November_1857.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/The_Atlantic_Monthly%2C_published_November_1857.jpg/440px-The_Atlantic_Monthly%2C_published_November_1857.jpg 2x" data-file-width="747" data-file-height="1280" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Cover of the first issue</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Editor-in-chief</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Goldberg" title="Jeffrey Goldberg">Jeffrey Goldberg</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Former editors</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/James_Bennet_(journalist)" title="James Bennet (journalist)">James Bennet</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Categories</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Literature</li><li>political science</li><li>foreign affairs</li><li>lifestyle</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Frequency</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>Monthly (1857–2000, 2025–)</li> <li>Eleven issues a year (2001–2002)</li> <li>Ten issues a year (2003–2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Publisher</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Laurene_Powell_Jobs" title="Laurene Powell Jobs">Laurene Powell Jobs</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Total circulation<br />(2024)</th><td class="infobox-data">1,107,293<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moses_Dresser_Phillips" title="Moses Dresser Phillips">Moses Dresser Phillips</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Francis_H._Underwood" title="Francis H. Underwood">Francis H. Underwood</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Waldo_Emerson" title="Ralph Waldo Emerson">Ralph Waldo Emerson</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Wadsworth_Longfellow" title="Henry Wadsworth Longfellow">Henry Wadsworth Longfellow</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">1857<span class="noprint">; 168 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1857</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">First issue</th><td class="infobox-data">November 1, 1857<span class="noprint">; 167 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1857-11-01</span>)</span> (as <i>The Atlantic Monthly</i>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Emerson_Collective" title="Emerson Collective">Emerson Collective</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Based in</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>, U.S.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Language</th><td class="infobox-data">English</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/">theatlantic.com</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1072-7825">1072-7825</a> (print)<br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:2151-9463">2151-9463</a> (web)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/936540106">936540106</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>The Atlantic</b></i> is an American magazine and multi-platform publisher based in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> It features articles on politics, foreign affairs, business and the economy, culture and the arts, technology, and science. </p><p>It was founded in 1857 in <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a> as <i><b>The Atlantic Monthly</b></i>, a literary and cultural magazine that published leading writers' commentary on education, the <a href="/wiki/Antislavery_Movement_In_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Antislavery Movement In America">abolition of slavery</a>, and other major political issues of that time. Its founders included <a href="/wiki/Francis_H._Underwood" title="Francis H. Underwood">Francis H. Underwood</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and prominent writers <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Waldo_Emerson" title="Ralph Waldo Emerson">Ralph Waldo Emerson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Wendell_Holmes_Sr." title="Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr.">Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henry_Wadsworth_Longfellow" title="Henry Wadsworth Longfellow">Henry Wadsworth Longfellow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harriet_Beecher_Stowe" title="Harriet Beecher Stowe">Harriet Beecher Stowe</a>, and <a href="/wiki/John_Greenleaf_Whittier" title="John Greenleaf Whittier">John Greenleaf Whittier</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/James_Russell_Lowell" title="James Russell Lowell">James Russell Lowell</a> was its first editor.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the 19th and 20th centuries, the magazine also published the annual <i>The Atlantic Monthly <a href="/wiki/Almanac" title="Almanac">Almanac</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The magazine was purchased in 1999 by businessman <a href="/wiki/David_G._Bradley" title="David G. Bradley">David G. Bradley</a>, who fashioned it into a general editorial magazine primarily aimed at serious national readers and "<a href="/wiki/Thought_leader" title="Thought leader">thought leaders</a>"; in 2017, he sold a majority interest in the publication to <a href="/wiki/Laurene_Powell_Jobs" title="Laurene Powell Jobs">Laurene Powell Jobs</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Emerson_Collective" title="Emerson Collective">Emerson Collective</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-White_2017_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-White_2017-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The magazine was published monthly until 2001, when 11 issues were produced; since 2003, it has published 10 per year. It dropped "Monthly" from the cover with the January/February 2004 issue, and officially changed the name in 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2024, it announced that it will resume publishing monthly issues in 2025.<sup id="cite_ref-cnn-20241011_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnn-20241011-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2016, the periodical was named Magazine of the Year by the <a href="/wiki/American_Society_of_Magazine_Editors" title="American Society of Magazine Editors">American Society of Magazine Editors</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2022, its writers won <a href="/wiki/Pulitzer_Prize_for_Feature_Writing" title="Pulitzer Prize for Feature Writing">Pulitzer Prizes for feature writing</a> and, in 2022, 2023, and 2024 <i>The Atlantic</i> won the award for general excellence by the American Society of Magazine Editors. In 2024, it was reported that the magazine had crossed one million subscribers<sup id="cite_ref-cnn-20241011_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnn-20241011-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and become profitable, three years after losing $20 million in a single year and laying off 17% of its staff. </p><p>As of 2024, the website's executive editor is <a href="/wiki/Adrienne_LaFrance" title="Adrienne LaFrance">Adrienne LaFrance</a>, the editor-in-chief is <a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Goldberg" title="Jeffrey Goldberg">Jeffrey Goldberg</a>, and the CEO is <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Thompson_(editor)" title="Nicholas Thompson (editor)">Nicholas Thompson</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Founding">Founding</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Atlantic&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Founding"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="19th_century">19th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Atlantic&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 19th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:James_Russell_Lowell_-_1855.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/James_Russell_Lowell_-_1855.jpg/250px-James_Russell_Lowell_-_1855.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="285" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/James_Russell_Lowell_-_1855.jpg/330px-James_Russell_Lowell_-_1855.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/James_Russell_Lowell_-_1855.jpg/500px-James_Russell_Lowell_-_1855.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2620" data-file-height="3400" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/James_Russell_Lowell" title="James Russell Lowell">James Russell Lowell</a>, the first editor of <i>The Atlantic</i></figcaption></figure> <p>In the autumn of 1857, <a href="/wiki/Moses_Dresser_Phillips" title="Moses Dresser Phillips">Moses Dresser Phillips</a>, a publisher from <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>, created <i>The Atlantic Monthly</i>. The plan for the magazine was launched at a dinner party, which was described in a letter by Phillips: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>I must tell you about a little dinner-party I gave about two weeks ago. It would be proper, perhaps, to state the origin of it was a desire to confer with my literary friends on a somewhat extensive literary project, the particulars of which I shall reserve till you come. But to the Party: My invitations included only <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Waldo_Emerson" title="Ralph Waldo Emerson">R. W. Emerson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henry_Wadsworth_Longfellow" title="Henry Wadsworth Longfellow">H. W. Longfellow</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_Russell_Lowell" title="James Russell Lowell">J. R. Lowell</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Lothrop_Motley" title="John Lothrop Motley">Mr. Motley</a> (the 'Dutch Republic' man), <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Wendell_Holmes_Sr." title="Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr.">O. W. Holmes</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_Elliot_Cabot" title="James Elliot Cabot">Mr. Cabot</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Francis_H._Underwood" title="Francis H. Underwood">Mr. Underwood</a>, our literary man. Imagine your uncle as the head of such a table, with such guests. The above named were the only ones invited, and they were all present. We sat down at three P.M., and rose at eight. The time occupied was longer by about four hours and thirty minutes than I am in the habit of consuming in that kind of occupation, but it was the richest time intellectually by all odds that I have ever had. Leaving myself and 'literary man' out of the group, I think you will agree with me that it would be difficult to duplicate that number of such conceded scholarship in the whole country besides... Each one is known alike on both sides of the Atlantic, and is read beyond the limits of the English language.<sup id="cite_ref-Hale_1898_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hale_1898-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>At that dinner he announced his idea for the magazine: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712" /><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Mr. Cabot is much wiser than I am. Dr. Holmes can write funnier verses than I can. Mr. Motley can write history better than I. Mr. Emerson is a philosopher and I am not. Mr. Lowell knows more of the old poets than I. But none of you knows the American people as well as I do.<sup id="cite_ref-Hale_1898_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hale_1898-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p><i>The Atlantic</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s first issue was published in November 1857, and quickly gained notability as one of the finest magazines in the English-speaking world. </p><p>In 1878, the magazine absorbed <i><a href="/wiki/The_Galaxy_(magazine)" title="The Galaxy (magazine)">The Galaxy</a></i>, a competitor monthly magazine founded a dozen years previously by <a href="/wiki/William_Conant_Church" title="William Conant Church">William Conant Church</a> and his brother <a href="/wiki/Francis_P._Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Francis P. Church">Francis P. Church</a>; it had published works by <a href="/wiki/Mark_Twain" title="Mark Twain">Mark Twain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Walt_Whitman" title="Walt Whitman">Walt Whitman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ion_Hanford_Perdicaris" title="Ion Hanford Perdicaris">Ion Hanford Perdicaris</a> and <a href="/wiki/Henry_James" title="Henry James">Henry James</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1879, <i>The Atlantic</i> had offices in <a href="/wiki/Winthrop_Square_(Boston)" class="mw-redirect" title="Winthrop Square (Boston)">Winthrop Square</a> in Boston and at 21 <a href="/wiki/Astor_Place" title="Astor Place">Astor Place</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literary_history">Literary history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Atlantic&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Literary history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Battle_Hymn_of_the_Republic.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Battle_Hymn_of_the_Republic.jpg/250px-Battle_Hymn_of_the_Republic.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="342" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Battle_Hymn_of_the_Republic.jpg/330px-Battle_Hymn_of_the_Republic.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Battle_Hymn_of_the_Republic.jpg/500px-Battle_Hymn_of_the_Republic.jpg 2x" data-file-width="540" data-file-height="840" /></a><figcaption>In February 1862, <i>The Atlantic</i> was first to publish the "<a href="/wiki/Battle_Hymn_of_the_Republic" title="Battle Hymn of the Republic">Battle Hymn of the Republic</a>".</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1873_AtlanticMonthly_TremontSt_Boston.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/1873_AtlanticMonthly_TremontSt_Boston.png/220px-1873_AtlanticMonthly_TremontSt_Boston.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="281" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/1873_AtlanticMonthly_TremontSt_Boston.png/330px-1873_AtlanticMonthly_TremontSt_Boston.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/19/1873_AtlanticMonthly_TremontSt_Boston.png 2x" data-file-width="390" data-file-height="499" /></a><figcaption>The magazine's office Ticknor & Fields at 124 Tremont Street in <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1868</span><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>A leading literary magazine, <i>The Atlantic</i> has published many significant works and authors. It was the first to publish pieces by the abolitionists <a href="/wiki/Julia_Ward_Howe" title="Julia Ward Howe">Julia Ward Howe</a> ("<a href="/wiki/Battle_Hymn_of_the_Republic" title="Battle Hymn of the Republic">Battle Hymn of the Republic</a>" on February 1, 1862), and <a href="/wiki/William_Parker_(abolitionist)" title="William Parker (abolitionist)">William Parker</a>, whose <a href="/wiki/Slave_narrative" title="Slave narrative">slave narrative</a>, "The Freedman's Story" was published in February and March 1866. It also published <a href="/wiki/Charles_W._Eliot" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles W. Eliot">Charles W. Eliot</a>'s "The New Education", a call for practical reform that led to his appointment to the presidency of <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a> in 1869, works by <a href="/wiki/Charles_Chesnutt" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Chesnutt">Charles Chesnutt</a> before he collected them in <i><a href="/wiki/The_Conjure_Woman" title="The Conjure Woman">The Conjure Woman</a></i> (1899), and poetry and short stories, and helped launch many national literary careers.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In 2005, the magazine won a National Magazine Award for fiction.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Editors have recognized major cultural changes and movements. For example, of the emerging writers of the 1920s, <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Hemingway" title="Ernest Hemingway">Ernest Hemingway</a> had his short story "<a href="/wiki/Fifty_Grand" title="Fifty Grand">Fifty Grand</a>" published in the July 1927 edition. Harking back to its abolitionist roots, in its August 1963 edition, at the height of the <a href="/wiki/Civil_rights_movement" title="Civil rights movement">civil rights movement</a>, the magazine published <a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_King_Jr." title="Martin Luther King Jr.">Martin Luther King Jr.</a>'s defense of <a href="/wiki/Civil_disobedience" title="Civil disobedience">civil disobedience</a>, "<a href="/wiki/Letter_from_Birmingham_Jail" title="Letter from Birmingham Jail">Letter from Birmingham Jail</a>",<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> under the headline "The Negro Is Your Brother".<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The magazine has published speculative articles that inspired the development of new technologies. The classic example is <a href="/wiki/Vannevar_Bush" title="Vannevar Bush">Vannevar Bush</a>'s essay "<a href="/wiki/As_We_May_Think" title="As We May Think">As We May Think</a>" (July 1945), which inspired <a href="/wiki/Douglas_Engelbart" title="Douglas Engelbart">Douglas Engelbart</a> and later <a href="/wiki/Ted_Nelson" title="Ted Nelson">Ted Nelson</a> to develop the modern <a href="/wiki/Workstation" title="Workstation">workstation</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hypertext" title="Hypertext">hypertext</a> technology.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>The Atlantic Monthly</i> founded the Atlantic Monthly Press in 1917; for many years, it was operated in partnership with <a href="/wiki/Little,_Brown_and_Company" title="Little, Brown and Company">Little, Brown and Company</a>. Its published books included <i><a href="/wiki/Drums_Along_the_Mohawk_(novel)" title="Drums Along the Mohawk (novel)">Drums Along the Mohawk</a></i> (1936) and <i><a href="/wiki/Blue_Highways" title="Blue Highways">Blue Highways</a></i> (1982). The press was sold in 1986; today it is an imprint of <a href="/wiki/Grove_Atlantic" title="Grove Atlantic">Grove Atlantic</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In addition to publishing notable fiction and poetry, <i>The Atlantic</i> has emerged in the 21st century as an influential platform for <a href="/wiki/Long-form_journalism" title="Long-form journalism">longform</a> storytelling and newsmaker interviews. Influential cover stories have included <a href="/wiki/Anne_Marie_Slaughter" class="mw-redirect" title="Anne Marie Slaughter">Anne Marie Slaughter</a>'s "Why Women Still Can't Have It All" (2012) and <a href="/wiki/Ta-Nehisi_Coates" title="Ta-Nehisi Coates">Ta-Nehisi Coates</a>'s "A Case for Reparations" (2014).<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2015, <a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Goldberg" title="Jeffrey Goldberg">Jeffrey Goldberg</a>'s "Obama Doctrine" was widely discussed by American media and prompted response by many world leaders.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of 2022, writers and frequent contributors to the print magazine included <a href="/wiki/James_Fallows" title="James Fallows">James Fallows</a>, Jeffrey Goldberg, Ta-Nehisi Coates, <a href="/wiki/Caitlin_Flanagan" title="Caitlin Flanagan">Caitlin Flanagan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Rauch" title="Jonathan Rauch">Jonathan Rauch</a>, <a href="/wiki/McKay_Coppins" title="McKay Coppins">McKay Coppins</a>, Gillian White, <a href="/wiki/Adrienne_LaFrance" title="Adrienne LaFrance">Adrienne LaFrance</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vann_R._Newkirk_II" title="Vann R. Newkirk II">Vann R. Newkirk II</a>, <a href="/wiki/Derek_Thompson_(journalist)" title="Derek Thompson (journalist)">Derek Thompson</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Frum" title="David Frum">David Frum</a>, Jennifer Senior, <a href="/wiki/George_Packer" title="George Packer">George Packer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ed_Yong" title="Ed Yong">Ed Yong</a>, and James Parker. </p><p>On August 2, 2023, it was announced that <a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Goldberg" title="Jeffrey Goldberg">Jeffrey Goldberg</a>, who had served as editor-in-chief of <i>The Atlantic</i> since 2016, had been named as <a href="/wiki/Washington_Week" title="Washington Week"><i>Washington Week</i></a>'s tenth moderator, and that the politics and culture publication would also enter into an editorial partnership with the television program – which was retitled accordingly as <i>Washington Week with The Atlantic</i> – similar to the earlier collaboration with the <a href="/wiki/National_Journal" title="National Journal"><i>National Journal</i></a>.<sup id="cite_ref-PBS_2023_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PBS_2023-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first episode under the longer title, and with Goldberg as moderator, was the one broadcast on August 11, 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_viewpoint">Political viewpoint</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Atlantic&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Political viewpoint"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1860, three years into publication, <i>The Atlantic</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s then-editor <a href="/wiki/James_Russell_Lowell" title="James Russell Lowell">James Russell Lowell</a> endorsed <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">Abraham Lincoln</a> for his first run for president and also endorsed the <a href="/wiki/Abolition_of_slavery" class="mw-redirect" title="Abolition of slavery">abolition of slavery</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1964, Edward Weeks wrote on behalf of the editorial board in endorsing <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> President <a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a> and rebuking Republican <a href="/wiki/Barry_Goldwater" title="Barry Goldwater">Barry Goldwater</a>'s candidacy.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2016, during the <a href="/wiki/2016_United_States_presidential_election" title="2016 United States presidential election">2016 presidential campaign</a>, the editorial board endorsed a candidate for the third time in the magazine's history, urging readers to support Democratic nominee <a href="/wiki/Hillary_Clinton" title="Hillary Clinton">Hillary Clinton</a> in a rebuke of Republican <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a>'s candidacy.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After Trump prevailed in the November 2016 election, the magazine became a strong critic of him. In March 2019, a cover article by editor <a href="/wiki/Yoni_Appelbaum" title="Yoni Appelbaum">Yoni Appelbaum</a> called for the <a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_Donald_Trump" title="Efforts to impeach Donald Trump">impeachment of Donald Trump</a>: "It's time for Congress to judge the president's fitness to serve."<sup id="cite_ref-Appelbaum_2019_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appelbaum_2019-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September 2020, it published a story, citing several anonymous sources, reporting that Trump referred to dead American soldiers as "losers".<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Trump called it a "fake story", and suggested the magazine would soon be out of business.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2020, <i>The Atlantic</i> endorsed the Democratic presidential nominee <a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a> in the <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_election" title="2020 United States presidential election">2020 presidential election</a>, and urged its readers to oppose Trump's re-election bid.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In early 2024, <i>The Atlantic</i> published a special 24-article issue titled "If Trump Wins," warning about a potential second term for Trump being worse than his first.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In October, the publication endorsed Democratic nominee <a href="/wiki/Kamala_Harris" title="Kamala Harris">Kamala Harris</a> in her presidential bid against Trump in the <a href="/wiki/2024_United_States_presidential_election" title="2024 United States presidential election">2024 election</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Format">Format</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Atlantic&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Format"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aspen_Ideas_Festival"><i>Aspen Ideas Festival</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Atlantic&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Aspen Ideas Festival"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Aspen_Ideas_Festival" title="Aspen Ideas Festival">Aspen Ideas Festival</a></div> <p>In 2005, <i>The Atlantic</i> and the <a href="/wiki/Aspen_Institute" title="Aspen Institute">Aspen Institute</a> launched the <a href="/wiki/Aspen_Ideas_Festival" title="Aspen Ideas Festival">Aspen Ideas Festival</a>, a ten-day event in and around the city of <a href="/wiki/Aspen,_Colorado" title="Aspen, Colorado">Aspen, Colorado</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The annual conference features 350 presenters, 200 sessions, and 3,000 attendees. The event has been called a "political <a href="/wiki/Who%27s_Who" title="Who's Who">who's who</a>" as it often features policymakers, journalists, lobbyists, and <a href="/wiki/Think_tank" title="Think tank">think tank</a> leaders.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On January 22, 2008, TheAtlantic.com dropped its <a href="/wiki/Paywall" title="Paywall">subscriber wall</a> and allowed users to freely browse its site, including all past archives.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 2011 <i>The Atlantic</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s web properties included TheAtlanticWire.com, a news- and opinion-tracking site launched in 2009,<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and TheAtlanticCities.com, a stand-alone website started in 2011 that was devoted to global cities and trends.<sup id="cite_ref-Welton_2011_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Welton_2011-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to a <i><a href="/wiki/Mashable" title="Mashable">Mashable</a></i> profile in December 2011, "traffic to the three web properties recently surpassed 11 million uniques per month, up a staggering 2500% since <i>The Atlantic</i> brought down its paywall in early 2008."<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Atlantic_Wire"><i>The Atlantic Wire</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Atlantic&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: The Atlantic Wire"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2009, the magazine launched <i>The Atlantic Wire</i> as a stand-alone <a href="/wiki/News_aggregator" title="News aggregator">news aggregator</a> site. It was intended as a curated selection of news and opinions from online, print, radio, and television outlets.<sup id="cite_ref-Carr_2009_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carr_2009-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Garber_2009_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Garber_2009-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At its launch, it published <a href="/wiki/Op-ed" title="Op-ed">op-eds</a> from across the media spectrum and summarized significant positions in each debate.<sup id="cite_ref-Garber_2009_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Garber_2009-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It later expanded to feature news and original reporting. </p><p>Regular features in the magazine included "What I Read", describing the <a href="/wiki/Media_diet" class="mw-redirect" title="Media diet">media diets</a> of people from entertainment, journalism, and politics; and "Trimming the Times", the feature editor's summary of the best content in <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Garber_2011_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Garber_2011-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>The Atlantic Wire</i> rebranded itself as <i>The Wire</i> in November 2013,<sup id="cite_ref-Bazilian_2013_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bazilian_2013-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was folded back into <i>The Atlantic</i> the following year.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In August 2011, it created its video channel.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Initially created as an aggregator, <i>The Atlantic</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s video component, Atlantic Studios, has since evolved in an in-house production studio that creates custom video series and original documentaries.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="CityLab"><i>CityLab</i></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Atlantic&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: CityLab"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In September 2011, <i>The Atlantic</i> launched <i>CityLab</i>, a separate website. Its co-founders included <a href="/wiki/Richard_Florida" title="Richard Florida">Richard Florida</a>, urban theorist and professor. The stand-alone site has been described as exploring and explaining "the most innovative ideas and pressing issues facing today's global cities and neighborhoods."<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2014, it was rebranded as <i>CityLab.com</i>, and covers transportation, environment, equity, life, and design. Among its offerings are Navigator, "a guide to urban life"; and Solutions, which covers solutions to problems in a dozen topics.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In December 2011, a new Health Channel launched on TheAtlantic.com, incorporating coverage of food, as well as topics related to the mind, body, sex, family, and public health. Its launch was overseen by Nicholas Jackson, who had previously been overseeing the Life channel and initially joined the website to cover technology.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> TheAtlantic.com has also expanded to <a href="/wiki/Visual_storytelling" class="mw-redirect" title="Visual storytelling">visual storytelling</a>, with the addition of the "In Focus" photo blog, curated by Alan Taylor.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2015, TheAtlantic.com launched a dedicated Science section<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in January 2016 it redesigned and expanded its politics section in conjunction with the 2016 U.S. presidential race.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2015, <i>CityLab</i> and <a href="/wiki/Univision" title="Univision">Univision</a> launched <i>CityLab Latino</i>, which features original journalism in Spanish as well as translated reporting from the English language edition of <i>CityLab.com</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The site has not been updated since 2018. </p><p>In early December 2019, Atlantic Media sold <i>CityLab</i> to <a href="/wiki/Bloomberg_L.P." title="Bloomberg L.P.">Bloomberg Media</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which promptly laid off half the staff.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The site was relaunched on June 18, 2020, with few major changes other than new branding and linking the site with other Bloomberg verticals and its data terminal.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September 2019, TheAtlantic.com introduced a digital subscription model, restricting unsubscribed readers' access to five free articles per month.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2020, <i>The Atlantic</i> released its first full-length documentary, <i><a href="/wiki/White_Noise_(2020_film)" title="White Noise (2020 film)">White Noise</a></i>, a film about three <a href="/wiki/Alt-right" title="Alt-right">alt-right</a> activists.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Praise,_retractions,_legal_issues,_and_controversies"><span id="Praise.2C_retractions.2C_legal_issues.2C_and_controversies"></span>Praise, retractions, legal issues, and controversies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Atlantic&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Praise, retractions, legal issues, and controversies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In June 2006, the <i><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Tribune" title="Chicago Tribune">Chicago Tribune</a></i> named <i>The Atlantic</i> one of the top ten English-language magazines, describing it as the "150-year-old granddaddy of periodicals" because "it keeps us smart and in the know" with cover stories on the then-forthcoming fight over <i><a href="/wiki/Roe_v._Wade" title="Roe v. Wade">Roe v. Wade</a></i>. It also lauded regular features such as "Word Fugitives" and "Primary Sources" as "cultural barometers".<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On January 14, 2013, <i>The Atlantic</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s website published "<a href="/wiki/Native_advertising" title="Native advertising">sponsor content</a>" promoting <a href="/wiki/David_Miscavige" title="David Miscavige">David Miscavige</a>, the leader of the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Scientology" title="Church of Scientology">Church of Scientology</a>. While the magazine had previously published advertising looking like articles, this was widely criticized. The page comments were moderated by the marketing team, not by editorial staff, and comments <a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Scientology" class="mw-redirect" title="Criticism of Scientology">critical of the church</a> were being removed. Later that day, <i>The Atlantic</i> removed the piece from its website and issued an apology.<sup id="cite_ref-Raabe_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Raabe-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Wemple_2013_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wemple_2013-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Stelter_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stelter-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2019, the magazine published an expose on the allegations against movie director <a href="/wiki/Bryan_Singer" title="Bryan Singer">Bryan Singer</a> that "sent Singer's career into a tailspin". It was originally contracted to <i><a href="/wiki/Esquire_(magazine)" title="Esquire (magazine)">Esquire</a></i> magazine, but the writers moved it there due to what <i>New York Times</i> reporter <a href="/wiki/Ben_Smith_(journalist)" title="Ben Smith (journalist)">Ben Smith</a> described as <a href="/wiki/Hearst_Communications" title="Hearst Communications">Hearst magazines</a>' "timid" nature. "There's not a lot of nuance here", <a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Goldberg" title="Jeffrey Goldberg">Jeffrey Goldberg</a> said. "They <a href="/wiki/Spike_(journalism)" title="Spike (journalism)">spiked</a> a story that should have been published in the <a href="/wiki/Public_interest" title="Public interest">public interest</a> for reasons unknown."<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2020, <i>The Atlantic</i> faced legal action in Japan that claimed defamation and invasion of privacy in the article "When the Presses Stop" by <a href="/wiki/Molly_Ball" title="Molly Ball">Molly Ball</a>, published in the January/February 2018 edition, which led to numerous removals, corrections and clarifications after a settlement was reached in January 2024. The lawsuit highlighted <a href="/wiki/Fact-checking" title="Fact-checking">fact-checking</a> and ethical concerns, bringing attention to the magazine's editorial practices.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Wemple_2024_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wemple_2024-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On November 1, 2020, <i>The Atlantic</i> retracted an article, "The Mad, Mad World of Niche Sports Among <a href="/wiki/Ivy_League" title="Ivy League">Ivy League</a>–Obsessed Parents", after an inquiry by <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. An 800-word editor's note said, "We cannot attest to the trustworthiness and credibility of the author, and therefore we cannot attest to the veracity of the article." The article's author, freelancer <a href="/wiki/Ruth_Shalit_Barrett" class="mw-redirect" title="Ruth Shalit Barrett">Ruth Shalit Barrett</a>, had left the staff of <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Republic" title="The New Republic">The New Republic</a></i> in 1999 amid allegations of <a href="/wiki/Plagiarism" title="Plagiarism">plagiarism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Levenson_2020_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Levenson_2020-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Wemple_2020_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wemple_2020-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On January 7, 2022, Barrett sued the magazine for defamation. The lawsuit claimed <i>The Atlantic</i> misrepresented Barrett's background and destroyed her journalistic career through what it publicly said about her.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In legal filings, Barrett argued that <i>The Atlantic</i>'s handling of allegations and errors in another article written by <a href="/wiki/Molly_Ball" title="Molly Ball">Molly Ball</a> demonstrated inconsistency in the magazine's editorial standards and accountability measures. Barrett asserted that the factual inaccuracies and ethical violations in Ball's piece, as highlighted by a separate defamation lawsuit that resulted in a settlement and numerous retractions and corrections to Ball's story, were “transgressions far more numerous and incomparably worse” than any mistakes attributed to her own work.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Wemple_2024_79-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wemple_2024-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On February 5, 2024, <i>The Atlantic</i> cut ties with contributor <a href="/wiki/Yascha_Mounk" title="Yascha Mounk">Yascha Mounk</a> after he was accused of rape. He called the allegation "categorically untrue."<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2025, national-security leaders in the Donald Trump administration <a href="/wiki/United_States_government_group_chat_leak" title="United States government group chat leak">accidentally included <i>The Atlantic</i> editor Jeffrey Goldberg in a group chat</a> where they organized and strategized upcoming military strikes on the <a href="/wiki/Houthis" title="Houthis">Houthis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ownership_and_editors">Ownership and editors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Atlantic&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Ownership and editors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>By its third year, it was published by <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a> publishing house <a href="/wiki/Ticknor_and_Fields" title="Ticknor and Fields">Ticknor and Fields</a>, which later became part of <a href="/wiki/Houghton_Mifflin" class="mw-redirect" title="Houghton Mifflin">Houghton Mifflin</a>,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> based in the city known for literary culture. The magazine was purchased in 1908 by editor at the time, <a href="/wiki/Ellery_Sedgwick" title="Ellery Sedgwick">Ellery Sedgwick</a>, and remained in Boston. </p><p>In 1980, the magazine was acquired by <a href="/wiki/Mortimer_Zuckerman" title="Mortimer Zuckerman">Mortimer Zuckerman</a>, property magnate and founder of <a href="/wiki/Boston_Properties" class="mw-redirect" title="Boston Properties">Boston Properties</a>, who became its chairman. On September 27, 1999, Zuckerman transferred ownership of the magazine to <a href="/wiki/David_G._Bradley" title="David G. Bradley">David G. Bradley</a>, owner of the <a href="/wiki/National_Journal_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="National Journal Group">National Journal Group</a>, which focused on <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a> and <a href="/wiki/Federal_government_of_the_United_States" title="Federal government of the United States">federal government</a> news. Bradley had promised that the magazine would stay in Boston for the foreseeable future, as it did for the next five-and-a-half years. </p><p>In April 2005, however, the publishers announced that the editorial offices would be moved from their longtime home at 77 North Washington Street in Boston to join the company's advertising and circulation divisions in Washington, D.C.<sup id="cite_ref-Feeney_2005_87-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Feeney_2005-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later in August, Bradley told <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Observer" title="The New York Observer">The New York Observer</a></i> that the move was not made to save money—near-term savings would be $200,000–$300,000, a relatively small amount that would be swallowed by severance-related spending—but instead would serve to create a hub in Washington, D.C., where the top minds from all of Bradley's publications could collaborate under the <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Media_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlantic Media Company">Atlantic Media Company</a> umbrella. Few of the Boston staff agreed to move, and Bradley then commenced an open search for a new editorial staff.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2006, Bradley hired <a href="/wiki/James_Bennet_(journalist)" title="James Bennet (journalist)">James Bennet</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a> bureau chief for <i>The New York Times</i>, as editor-in-chief. Bradley also hired Jeffrey Goldberg and <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Sullivan" title="Andrew Sullivan">Andrew Sullivan</a> as writers for the magazine.<sup id="cite_ref-Kurtz_2007_89-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kurtz_2007-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2008, Jay Lauf joined the organization as publisher and vice-president; as of 2017, he was publisher and president of <i><a href="/wiki/Quartz_(publication)" title="Quartz (publication)">Quartz</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In early 2014, Bennet and Bob Cohn became co-presidents of <i>The Atlantic</i>, and Cohn became the publication's sole president in March 2016 when Bennet was tapped to lead <i>The New York Times</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s editorial page.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jeffrey Goldberg was named editor-in-chief in October 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On July 28, 2017, <i>The Atlantic</i> announced that <a href="/wiki/Laurene_Powell_Jobs" title="Laurene Powell Jobs">Laurene Powell Jobs</a> (the widow of former <a href="/wiki/Apple_Inc." title="Apple Inc.">Apple Inc.</a> chairman and CEO <a href="/wiki/Steve_Jobs" title="Steve Jobs">Steve Jobs</a>) had acquired majority ownership through her <a href="/wiki/Emerson_Collective" title="Emerson Collective">Emerson Collective</a> organization, with a staff member of Emerson Collective, Peter Lattman, being immediately named as vice chairman of <i>The Atlantic</i>. David G. Bradley and Atlantic Media retained a minority share position in this sale.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In May 2019, technology journalist Adrienne LaFrance became executive editor.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In December 2020, former <i><a href="/wiki/Wired_(magazine)" title="Wired (magazine)">Wired</a></i> editor-in-chief <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Thompson_(editor)" title="Nicholas Thompson (editor)">Nicholas Thompson</a> was named CEO of <i>The Atlantic</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="List_of_editors">List of editors</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Atlantic&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: List of editors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Russell_Lowell" title="James Russell Lowell">James Russell Lowell</a>, 1857–1861</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_T._Fields" title="James T. Fields">James T. Fields</a>, 1861–1871</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Dean_Howells" title="William Dean Howells">William Dean Howells</a>, 1871–1881</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Bailey_Aldrich" title="Thomas Bailey Aldrich">Thomas Bailey Aldrich</a>, 1881–1890</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horace_Scudder" title="Horace Scudder">Horace Scudder</a>, 1890–1898</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Hines_Page" title="Walter Hines Page">Walter Hines Page</a>, 1898–1899</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bliss_Perry" title="Bliss Perry">Bliss Perry</a>, 1899–1909</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellery_Sedgwick" title="Ellery Sedgwick">Ellery Sedgwick</a>, 1909–1938</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_A._Weeks" title="Edward A. Weeks">Edward A. Weeks</a>, 1938–1966</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Manning_(journalist)" title="Robert Manning (journalist)">Robert Manning</a>, 1966–1980</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Whitworth_(journalist)" title="William Whitworth (journalist)">William Whitworth</a>, 1980–1999</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Kelly_(editor)" title="Michael Kelly (editor)">Michael Kelly</a>, 1999–2003</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cullen_Murphy" title="Cullen Murphy">Cullen Murphy</a>, 2003–2006 (interim editor, never named editor-in-chief)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Bennet_(journalist)" title="James Bennet (journalist)">James Bennet</a>, 2006–2016</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Goldberg" title="Jeffrey Goldberg">Jeffrey Goldberg</a>, 2016–present<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Atlantic&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/21px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/42px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Icon_Camera.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Icon_Camera.svg/19px-Icon_Camera.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Icon_Camera.svg/29px-Icon_Camera.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Icon_Camera.svg/38px-Icon_Camera.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="55" data-file-height="55" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Media" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Media">Media</a></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Atlantic&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://abcas3.auditedmedia.com/ecirc/magtitlesearch.asp">"Total Circ for Magazine Media"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Alliance_for_Audited_Media" title="Alliance for Audited Media">Alliance for Audited Media</a></i>. June 30, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 13,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Alliance+for+Audited+Media&rft.atitle=Total+Circ+for+Magazine+Media&rft.date=2024-06-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fabcas3.auditedmedia.com%2Fecirc%2Fmagtitlesearch.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Atlantic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/past/docs/about/atlfaqf.htm">"Historical Facts About The Atlantic"</a>. <i>The Atlantic</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180422163133/http://www.theatlantic.com/past/docs/about/atlfaqf.htm">Archived</a> from the original on April 22, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 21,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Atlantic&rft.atitle=Historical+Facts+About+The+Atlantic&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Fpast%2Fdocs%2Fabout%2Fatlfaqf.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Atlantic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFChevalier2012" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Chevalier, Tracy (2012). "The Atlantic Monthly American magazine, 1857". <i>Encyclopaedia of the Essay</i>. <q>The Atlantic Monthly was founded in Boston in 1857 by Francis Underwood (an assistant to the publisher...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Atlantic+Monthly+American+magazine%2C+1857&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+the+Essay&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Chevalier&rft.aufirst=Tracy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Atlantic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSedgwick2009" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ellery_Sedgwick" title="Ellery Sedgwick">Sedgwick, Ellery</a> (2009) [1994]. <i>A History of the Atlantic Monthly, 1857–1909: Yankee Humanism at High Tide and Ebb</i> (Reprint ed.). Amherst, Mass.: University of Massachusetts Press. p. 3. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781558497931" title="Special:BookSources/9781558497931"><bdi>9781558497931</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/368048027">368048027</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+the+Atlantic+Monthly%2C+1857%E2%80%931909%3A+Yankee+Humanism+at+High+Tide+and+Ebb&rft.place=Amherst%2C+Mass.&rft.pages=3&rft.edition=Reprint&rft.pub=University+of+Massachusetts+Press&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F368048027&rft.isbn=9781558497931&rft.aulast=Sedgwick&rft.aufirst=Ellery&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Atlantic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWhittier1975" class="citation book cs1">Whittier, John Greenleaf (1975). <i>The Letters of John Greenleaf Whittier</i>. Vol. 2. p. 318.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Letters+of+John+Greenleaf+Whittier&rft.pages=318&rft.date=1975&rft.aulast=Whittier&rft.aufirst=John+Greenleaf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Atlantic" class="Z3988"></span> "... owever, was the founding of the Atlantic Monthly in 1857. Initiated by Francis Underwood and with Lowell as its first editor, the magazine had been sponsored and organized by Lowell, Emerson, Holmes, and Longfellow."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGoodman2011" class="citation book cs1">Goodman, Susan (2011). <i>Republic of Words: The Atlantic Monthly and Its Writers</i>. p. 90.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Republic+of+Words%3A+The+Atlantic+Monthly+and+Its+Writers&rft.pages=90&rft.date=2011&rft.aulast=Goodman&rft.aufirst=Susan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Atlantic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/The-Atlantic-Monthly">"The Atlantic | History, Ownership, & Facts"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 13,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=THE+MEDIA+BUSINESS%3B+Small+House+to+Buy+Atlantic+Monthly+Press&rft.date=1991-06-24&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Cohen&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F06%2F24%2Fbusiness%2Fthe-media-business-small-house-to-buy-atlantic-monthly-press.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Atlantic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2014/05/23/315279271/the-atlantics-ta-nehisi-coates-builds-a-case-for-reparations">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'The Atlantic's' Ta-Nehisi Coates Builds 'A Case For Reparations'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>NPR.org</i>. May 23, 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210216125656/https://www.npr.org/2014/05/23/315279271/the-atlantics-ta-nehisi-coates-builds-a-case-for-reparations">Archived</a> from the original on February 16, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 26,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NPR.org&rft.atitle=%27The+Atlantic%27s%27+Ta-Nehisi+Coates+Builds+%27A+Case+For+Reparations%27&rft.date=2014-05-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2014%2F05%2F23%2F315279271%2Fthe-atlantics-ta-nehisi-coates-builds-a-case-for-reparations&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Atlantic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLandler2016" class="citation news cs1">Landler, Mark (March 10, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/10/world/middleeast/obama-criticizes-the-free-riders-among-americas-allies.html">"Obama Criticizes the 'Free Riders' Among America's Allies"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210216131025/https://www.nytimes.com/2016/03/10/world/middleeast/obama-criticizes-the-free-riders-among-americas-allies.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 16, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 26,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Obama+Criticizes+the+%27Free+Riders%27+Among+America%27s+Allies&rft.date=2016-03-10&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Landler&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2016%2F03%2F10%2Fworld%2Fmiddleeast%2Fobama-criticizes-the-free-riders-among-americas-allies.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Atlantic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PBS_2023-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-PBS_2023_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/weta/washingtonweek/article/2023/08/jeffrey-goldberg-named-new-moderator-of-washington-week">"Jeffrey Goldberg named new moderator of Washington Week"</a>. <i>Washington Week</i> (Press release). PBS. August 2, 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240302002221/https://www.pbs.org/weta/washingtonweek/article/2023/08/jeffrey-goldberg-named-new-moderator-of-washington-week">Archived</a> from the original on March 2, 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jeffrey+Goldberg+named+new+moderator+of+Washington+Week&rft.pub=PBS&rft.date=2023-08-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.org%2Fweta%2Fwashingtonweek%2Farticle%2F2023%2F08%2Fjeffrey-goldberg-named-new-moderator-of-washington-week&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Atlantic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMalone2023" class="citation web cs1">Malone, Michael (August 2, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nexttv.com/news/washington-week-gets-new-moderator-new-name">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Washington Week' Gets New Moderator, New Name"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Broadcasting_%26_Cable" title="Broadcasting & Cable">Broadcasting & Cable</a></i>. Future US, Inc. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230803074616/https://www.nexttv.com/news/washington-week-gets-new-moderator-new-name">Archived</a> from the original on August 3, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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August 11, 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240303084318/https://www.pbs.org/video/jeff-opening-nty6iv/">Archived</a> from the original on March 3, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 17,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Atlantic&rft.atitle=Impeach+Donald+Trump&rft.date=2019-01-17&rft.aulast=Appelbaum&rft.aufirst=Yoni&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Fmagazine%2Farchive%2F2019%2F03%2Fimpeachment-trump%2F580468%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Atlantic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFlood2019" class="citation web cs1">Flood, Brian (January 17, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/the-atlantic-calls-for-impeachment-as-mainstream-media-continues-to-lead-charge-against-trump">"The Atlantic calls for impeachment as mainstream media continues to lead charge against Trump"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Fox_News" title="Fox News">Fox News</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210216125937/https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/the-atlantic-calls-for-impeachment-as-mainstream-media-continues-to-lead-charge-against-trump">Archived</a> from the original on February 16, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 17,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Atlantic+calls+for+impeachment+as+mainstream+media+continues+to+lead+charge+against+Trump&rft.pub=Fox+News&rft.date=2019-01-17&rft.aulast=Flood&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.foxnews.com%2Fentertainment%2Fthe-atlantic-calls-for-impeachment-as-mainstream-media-continues-to-lead-charge-against-trump&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Atlantic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.businessinsider.com/the-atlantics-march-cover-makes-the-case-for-trumps-impeachment-2019-1">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Impeach': The Atlantic's March cover makes the case for Trump's impeachment"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Business_Insider" title="Business Insider">Business Insider</a></i>. January 17, 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210216130043/https://www.businessinsider.com/the-atlantics-march-cover-makes-the-case-for-trumps-impeachment-2019-1">Archived</a> from the original on February 16, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 17,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Business+Insider&rft.atitle=%27Impeach%27%3A+The+Atlantic%27s+March+cover+makes+the+case+for+Trump%27s+impeachment&rft.date=2019-01-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessinsider.com%2Fthe-atlantics-march-cover-makes-the-case-for-trumps-impeachment-2019-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Atlantic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGoldberg2020" class="citation web cs1">Goldberg, Jeffrey (September 3, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2020/09/trump-americans-who-died-at-war-are-losers-and-suckers/615997/">"Trump: Americans Who Died in War Are 'Losers' and 'Suckers'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>The Atlantic</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200904012358/https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2020/09/trump-americans-who-died-at-war-are-losers-and-suckers/615997/">Archived</a> from the original on September 4, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 4,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Atlantic&rft.atitle=Trump%3A+Americans+Who+Died+in+War+Are+%27Losers%27+and+%27Suckers%27&rft.date=2020-09-03&rft.aulast=Goldberg&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Fpolitics%2Farchive%2F2020%2F09%2Ftrump-americans-who-died-at-war-are-losers-and-suckers%2F615997%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Atlantic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFrealDonaldTrump2020" class="citation web cs1">@realDonaldTrump (September 4, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1301893907295371266">"The Atlantic Magazine is dying, like most magazines, so they make up a fake story in order to gain some relevance. Story already refuted, but this is what we are up against. Just like the Fake Dossier. You fight and fight, and then people realize it was a total fraud!"</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>) – via <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Atlantic+Magazine+is+dying%2C+like+most+magazines%2C+so+they+make+up+a+fake+story+in+order+to+gain+some+relevance.+Story+already+refuted%2C+but+this+is+what+we+are+up+against.+Just+like+the+Fake+Dossier.+You+fight+and+fight%2C+and+then+people+realize+it+was+a+total+fraud%21&rft.date=2020-09-04&rft.au=realDonaldTrump&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fx.com%2FrealDonaldTrump%2Fstatus%2F1301893907295371266&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Atlantic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBakerHaberman2020" class="citation news cs1">Baker, Peter; <a href="/wiki/Maggie_Haberman" title="Maggie Haberman">Haberman, Maggie</a> (September 4, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/04/us/politics/trump-veterans-losers.html">"Trump Faces Uproar Over Reported Remarks Disparaging Fallen Soldiers"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200904061002/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/09/04/us/politics/trump-veterans-losers.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 4, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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October 11, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220923004016/https://www.theatlantic.com/press-releases/archive/2016/10/jeffrey-goldberg-named-editor-in-chief-of-the-atlantic/503576/">Archived</a> from the original on September 23, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 26,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Atlantic&rft.atitle=Jeffrey+Goldberg+Named+Editor+in+Chief+of+The+Atlantic&rft.date=2016-10-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatlantic.com%2Fpress-releases%2Farchive%2F2016%2F10%2Fjeffrey-goldberg-named-editor-in-chief-of-the-atlantic%2F503576%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AThe+Atlantic" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFEmber2017" class="citation web cs1">Ember, Sydney (July 28, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/28/business/media/atlantic-media-emerson-collective-majority-stake.html">"Laurene Powell Jobs's Organization to Take Majority Stake in The Atlantic"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220923004021/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/28/business/media/atlantic-media-emerson-collective-majority-stake.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 23, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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