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to Middle English","subtitle":"","attribution":"By Simon Horobin","additional_info":{"[JsonBookInfo]":{"BuyLinks":[{"Seller":"Edinburgh University 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114.79","list_price":"SGD 163.99"},"TocLine":[{"Title":"Abbreviations ","Pid":"PT7","PgNum":"","Order":8},{"Title":"What did Middle English look like? ","Pid":"PT14","PgNum":"","Order":15},{"Title":"Middle English in ","Pid":"PT31","PgNum":"","Order":32},{"Title":"PART II ","Pid":"PT42","PgNum":"","Order":43},{"Title":"The lexicon ","Pid":"PT68","PgNum":"","Order":69},{"Title":"Grammar ","Pid":"PT85","PgNum":"","Order":86},{"Title":"PART III ","Pid":"PT115","PgNum":"","Order":116},{"Title":"Middle English texts ","Pid":"PT129","PgNum":"","Order":130},{"Title":"Discussion of the exercises ","Pid":"PT152","PgNum":"","Order":153},{"Title":"Index ","Pid":"PT160","PgNum":"","Order":161}]}},"table_of_contents_page_id":"PT5","max_resolution_image_width":1280,"max_resolution_image_height":2016,"num_toc_pages":2,"quality_info":"We have no quality information about this book.","volume_id":"sjVYDwAAQBAJ","permission_info":"Pages displayed by permission of \u003ca class=link_aux href=\"https://books.google.com.sg/url?id=sjVYDwAAQBAJ\u0026pg=PT159\u0026q=http://www.euppublishing.com\u0026linkid=1\u0026usg=AOvVaw3gY2VP3QIKSdggy2uvE9yw\u0026source=gbs_pub_info_r\"\u003eEdinburgh University Press\u003c/a\u003e","is_ebook":true,"volumeresult":{"has_flowing_text":true,"has_scanned_text":true,"can_download_pdf":false,"can_download_epub":false,"is_pdf_drm_enabled":false,"is_epub_drm_enabled":false},"publisher":"Edinburgh University Press","publication_date":"2016.09.09","subject":"Language Arts \u0026 Disciplines","num_pages":192,"sample_url":"https://play.google.com/books/reader?id=sjVYDwAAQBAJ\u0026source=gbs_vpt_hover","synposis":"GBS_insertPreviewButtonPopup('ISBN:9780748614813);An Introduction to Middle English is designed to provide undergraduate students of English historical linguistics with a concise description of the language during the period 1100-1500. Middle English, the language of Chaucer, is discussed in relation to both earlier and later stages in the history of English, and in relation to other languages with which it came into contact.Key Featurespresents the historical and geographical contexts of Middle Englishexamines the evidence for Middle English; introduces the principal features of Middle English spelling, pronunciation, grammar and vocabularyincludes an introduction to Middle English textual studies; selected Middle English texts, both literary and non-literary; notes, glossaries and annotated bibliographies; and questions for review.Most other introductory books on Middle English focus on literary rather than linguistic matters; this book is designed to redress the balance, by providing students of English language with an up-to-date, authoritative survey which takes account of recent trends in historical linguistics.\u0026quote;","my_library_url":"https://www.google.com/accounts/Login?service=print\u0026continue=https://books.google.com.sg/books%3Fop%3Dlibrary\u0026hl=en","is_magazine":false,"is_public_domain":false,"last_page":{"pid":"PT168","order":169}},{"enableUserFeedbackUI":true,"pseudocontinuous":true,"is_cobrand":false,"sign_in_url":"https://www.google.com/accounts/Login?service=print\u0026continue=https://books.google.com.sg/books%3Fid%3DsjVYDwAAQBAJ%26q%3DLondon%26source%3Dgbs_word_cloud_r%26hl%3Den\u0026hl=en","isEntityPageViewport":false,"showViewportOnboarding":false,"showViewportPlainTextOnboarding":false},{"page":[{"pid":"PT159","src":"https://books.google.com.sg/books/publisher/content?id=sjVYDwAAQBAJ\u0026pg=PT159\u0026img=1\u0026zoom=3\u0026hl=en\u0026sig=ACfU3U3FwT88pWYxWBBPbYdl8612dhnm3Q","flags":0,"order":160,"uf":"https://books.google.com.sg/books_feedback?id=sjVYDwAAQBAJ\u0026spid=AFLRE718tSXQIXilwnEUDXFqcn1uWIZTxlbeEr1O3d3ySFOtdQl0LfbCH9tmNVjGOjxt_uuem4LZ\u0026ftype=0","vq":"London"},{"pid":"PT160","src":"https://books.google.com.sg/books/publisher/content?id=sjVYDwAAQBAJ\u0026pg=PT160\u0026img=1\u0026zoom=3\u0026hl=en\u0026sig=ACfU3U0O2Z7uIKFyZnEcNN4kQvQftySxyg"},{"pid":"PT161","src":"https://books.google.com.sg/books/publisher/content?id=sjVYDwAAQBAJ\u0026pg=PT161\u0026img=1\u0026zoom=3\u0026hl=en\u0026sig=ACfU3U0a9My-1Z1HfmnZNW8P6sHeYLYpFg"},{"pid":"PT162","src":"https://books.google.com.sg/books/publisher/content?id=sjVYDwAAQBAJ\u0026pg=PT162\u0026img=1\u0026zoom=3\u0026hl=en\u0026sig=ACfU3U1mQi1aySNXmJ9M7DBzPOnuL9MDoQ"}]},null,{"number_of_results":30,"search_results":[{"page_id":"PT10","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eLondon\u003c/b\u003e c.1400, which is used as a convenient point of reference throughout. This section of each chapter may be regarded as core information. Secondly, this Chaucerian usage is regularly placed within two contexts: diachronic, in which\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=sjVYDwAAQBAJ\u0026pg=PT10\u0026vq=London"},{"page_id":"PT11","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eLondon\u003c/b\u003e English did not become sociolinguistically privileged until some considerable time after Chaucer\u0026#39;s death in 1400. In Part III (the final chapter of the book) we move from description to explanation, focusing selectively on those\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=sjVYDwAAQBAJ\u0026pg=PT11\u0026vq=London"},{"page_id":"PT15","snippet_text":"... England , Chaucer lived for most of his life in \u003cb\u003eLondon\u003c/b\u003e , where he had a substantial house over one of the city\u0026#39;s main gates . Chaucer\u0026#39;s burial - place at Westminster Abbey later became the. A passage from The Canterbury Tales.","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=sjVYDwAAQBAJ\u0026pg=PT15\u0026vq=London"},{"page_id":"PT16","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eLondon\u003c/b\u003e . Thus , what we think of as \u0026#39; Chaucer\u0026#39;s English \u0026#39; is in some senses really \u0026#39; the English of Chaucer\u0026#39;s scribes \u0026#39; . Perhaps the best - known manuscript of The Canterbury Tales , and the basis of most modern editions , is the\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=sjVYDwAAQBAJ\u0026pg=PT16\u0026vq=London"},{"page_id":"PT19","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eLondon\u003c/b\u003e but – although some modern scholars dispute this - there is evidence that Chaucer sustained it . Above all , the long vowels of ME had not undergone the \u0026#39; Great Vowel Shift \u0026#39; , a change whereby long vowels in stressed syllables\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=sjVYDwAAQBAJ\u0026pg=PT19\u0026vq=London"},{"page_id":"PT20","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eLondon\u003c/b\u003e, the Bodleian Library in Oxford and the National Library of Scotland in Edinburgh, or (in the USA) the Huntington Library in California and the Pierpont Morgan Library in New York. Such manuscripts have been acquired over many\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=sjVYDwAAQBAJ\u0026pg=PT20\u0026vq=London"},{"page_id":"PT24","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eLondon\u003c/b\u003e dialect during this period . The two passages also show differences in the use of capital letters , as found in the spellings of age / Age and samaritan / Samaritan in lines 4 and 22 ; the PDE practice did not become established\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=sjVYDwAAQBAJ\u0026pg=PT24\u0026vq=London"},{"page_id":"PT33","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eLondon\u003c/b\u003e is the most distinctive feature of late medieval English society , but similar growth has also been noted in the population of other towns , such as York , Norwich , Oxford and Gloucester . Towns in the Middle Ages provided\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT34","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eLondon\u003c/b\u003e , British Library , Harley 2253 ; all these texts represent the conscious adoption of French / Anglo - Norman or Latin genres . However , the great flowering of ME literature took place from the second half of the fourteenth\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT38","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eLondon\u003c/b\u003e ( \u0026#39; Ellesmere \u0026#39; ) Type IV : Post - 1430 \u003cb\u003eLondon\u003c/b\u003e ( \u0026#39; Chancery \u0026#39; / \u0026#39; King\u0026#39;s English \u0026#39; ) These types represent , within the cline of ME usages , focused varieties found in several manuscripts , characterised by the prototypical\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT39","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eLondon\u003c/b\u003e - focused spelling - system was adopted as the basis of present - day usage . In other words , once English developed a national function , the disadvantages of written variation began to outweigh the advantages , and\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT41","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eLondon\u003c/b\u003e and the shires lying about \u003cb\u003eLondon\u003c/b\u003e within lx . myles , and not much aboue . Such clear evidence is lacking for the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries ; although there are hints that a prestigious form of speech was available in\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT47","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eLondon\u003c/b\u003e English, Irish English, American English and so on. Similarly, there were many accents of OE and ME, albeit geographically restricted to parts of the British Isles. However, in PDE, some of these accents have become \u0026#39;prestigious\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT48","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eLondon\u003c/b\u003e usage, emerged. The remainder of this chapter falls into two parts. In the next section, a detailed description is offered of one ME system of transmission: the sound-system of Geoffrey Chaucer, and the spelling-system we find in\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT49","snippet_text":"... cf. good GOOD, fleen FLEE, taak TAKE. \u0026lt;o(o)\u0026gt; also appeared in \u003cb\u003eLondon\u003c/b\u003e ME for words which had ā in OE, such as sto(o)n STONE (OE stān), ho(o)m HOME (OE hām). Figure 4.3 As in OE, stressed monophthongal vowels fell into two major."},{"page_id":"PT50","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eLondon\u003c/b\u003e English seems to have had something like the following inventory of monophthongal vowel- sounds: /i / (see Figure 4.3).4 , I, e , ε , ε, a , a, , , o , u , ], were generally spelt \u0026lt;i/y, e, a, o, u\u0026gt; respectively. Those forms where\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT51","snippet_text":"... beginnings of the present - day southern English pronunciation , which has merged the two sounds on / w / , is indicated in some late ME dialects to the south of \u003cb\u003eLondon\u003c/b\u003e , such as wan WHEN . 6. The PDE sound [ n ] is phonemic in."},{"page_id":"PT61","snippet_text":"... derived forms of \u0026#39; yogh \u0026#39; and \u0026lt; z \u0026gt; came to be written identically , as \u0026lt;\u0026lt; 3 \u0026gt;\u0026gt; , by many ME scribes . This practice is exemplified by forms such as bo3e3 BOUGHS in MS \u003cb\u003eLondon\u003c/b\u003e , British Library , Cotton Nero A.x where the first \u0026lt;\u0026lt; 3."},{"page_id":"PT65","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eLondon\u003c/b\u003e – although there is some evidence that a few spellings characteristic of the Ellesmere MS of The Canterbury Tales, for example, were imitated sporadically after Chaucer\u0026#39;s death as a special \u0026#39;poetical\u0026#39; language. 3. The term\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT123","snippet_text":"... ( \u003cb\u003eLondon\u003c/b\u003e , British Library , Cotton Caligula A.ix ) , which was copied by a scribe who attempted albeit somewhat clumsily – to reproduce the forms of his exemplar , and the Jesus MS ( Oxford , Jesus College 29 ) , which was copied by an\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT137","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eLondon\u003c/b\u003e , Langland\u0026#39;s origins were in the West Midlands . There are references in the poem to the Malvern Hills and a note on the earliest surviving manuscript of the poem links the poet with an Oxfordshire family . Scholars distinguish\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT140","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eLondon\u003c/b\u003e form for the feminine pronoun while the Ll scribe has the Northern form of the pronoun sho . However at line 29 the form heo is found in Trinity , a conservative form which is found only in the West Midlands during this period\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT149","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eLondon\u003c/b\u003e dialect of the late fourteenth century and therefore shows a number of similarities with that of Chaucer . Characteristic of this dialect are a mixture of features showing the influence of the Midlands and South - Eastern\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT150","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eLondon\u003c/b\u003e English in this period tended to show \u0026#39;th-type\u0026#39; forms for the nominative pronoun THEY, and OE derived forms, namely hem, her, in oblique cases. See for instance the Chaucerian extracts in Chapters 2 and 3. line 8. enches The\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PT155","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eLondon\u003c/b\u003e : Routledge . Bennett , J. A. W. and G. V. Smithers , with a glossary by N. Davis ( 1974 ) , Early Middle ... \u003cb\u003eLondon\u003c/b\u003e : Oxford University Press . Blake , N. ( 1996 ) , A History of the English Language , Basingstoke\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=sjVYDwAAQBAJ\u0026pg=PT155\u0026vq=London"},{"page_id":"PT156","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eLondon\u003c/b\u003e : Bell , pp . 71–8 . Davis , N. , D. Gray , P. Ingham and A. Wallace - Hadrill ( 1979 ) , A Chaucer Glossary , Oxford : Clarendon Press . Denison , D. ( 1993 ) , English Historical Syntax , \u003cb\u003eLondon\u003c/b\u003e : Longman . Dickins , B. and\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=sjVYDwAAQBAJ\u0026pg=PT156\u0026vq=London"},{"page_id":"PT157","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eLondon\u003c/b\u003e : Croom Helm . Jones , C. ( 1989 ) , A History of English Phonology , \u003cb\u003eLondon\u003c/b\u003e : Longman . Jordan , R. ( trans . E. Crook ) ( 1974 ) , Handbook of Middle English Grammar : Phonology , The Hague : Mouton . Kane , G. , E. T.\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=sjVYDwAAQBAJ\u0026pg=PT157\u0026vq=London"},{"page_id":"PT158","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eLondon\u003c/b\u003e: Dent. Serjeantson, M. (1935), A History of Foreign Words in English, \u003cb\u003eLondon\u003c/b\u003e: Kegan Paul. Shepherd, G. T. (ed.) (1991), Ancrene Wisse: parts six and seven (revised edn), Exeter: University of Exeter. Sisam, K. (1921)\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=sjVYDwAAQBAJ\u0026pg=PT158\u0026vq=London"},{"page_id":"PT159","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eLondon\u003c/b\u003e: Routledge. Smith, J. J. (1999), Essentials of Early English, \u003cb\u003eLondon\u003c/b\u003e: Routledge. Stanley, E. G. (ed.) (1972), The Owl and the Nightingale (2nd edn), Manchester: Manchester University Press. Stockwell, R. and D. Minkova (1988)\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=sjVYDwAAQBAJ\u0026pg=PT159\u0026vq=London"},{"page_id":"PT164","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eLondon\u003c/b\u003e , 3 , 9 , 29 Longfellow , Henry , Hiawatha , 138 Lord\u0026#39;s Prayer , The , 7 Lydgate , John , 31 , 73 , 82 Magna Carta ( 1215 ) , 27 Malory , Thomas , 31 , 103 Mandeville , Sir John , 81 manuscripts , 13-14 , 19 ( see also Auchinleck\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=sjVYDwAAQBAJ\u0026pg=PT164\u0026vq=London"}],"search_query_escaped":"London"},{});</script></div></div></div><script>(function() {var href = window.location.href;if (href.indexOf('?') !== -1) {var parameters = href.split('?')[1].split('&');for (var i = 0; i < parameters.length; i++) {var param = parameters[i].split('=');if (param[0] == 'focus') {var elem = document.getElementById(param[1]);if (elem) {elem.focus();}}}}})();</script>