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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1970s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>1970s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1970s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1980s_and_1990s" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1980s_and_1990s"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>1980s and 1990s</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1980s_and_1990s-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1998–2004" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1998–2004"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>1998–2004</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1998–2004-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2005–2007" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2005–2007"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>2005–2007</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2005–2007-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Robinson_leadership_(2008–2015)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Robinson_leadership_(2008–2015)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Robinson leadership (2008–2015)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Robinson_leadership_(2008–2015)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Foster_leadership_(2015–2021)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foster_leadership_(2015–2021)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Foster leadership (2015–2021)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foster_leadership_(2015–2021)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Poots_leadership_(2021)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Poots_leadership_(2021)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>Poots leadership (2021)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Poots_leadership_(2021)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Donaldson_leadership_(2021–2024)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Donaldson_leadership_(2021–2024)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.8</span> <span>Donaldson leadership (2021–2024)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Donaldson_leadership_(2021–2024)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Policies_and_views" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Policies_and_views"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Policies and views</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Policies_and_views-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Policies and views subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Policies_and_views-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Unionism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Unionism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Unionism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Unionism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ulster_loyalism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ulster_loyalism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Ulster loyalism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ulster_loyalism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Euroscepticism_and_foreign_policy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Euroscepticism_and_foreign_policy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Euroscepticism and foreign policy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Euroscepticism_and_foreign_policy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-LGBT_rights" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#LGBT_rights"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>LGBT rights</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-LGBT_rights-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Opposition_to_LGBT_rights_legislation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Opposition_to_LGBT_rights_legislation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1</span> <span>Opposition to LGBT rights legislation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Opposition_to_LGBT_rights_legislation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Homosexuality_'cure'_and_conversion_therapy_controversies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Homosexuality_'cure'_and_conversion_therapy_controversies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.2</span> <span>Homosexuality 'cure' and conversion therapy controversies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Homosexuality_'cure'_and_conversion_therapy_controversies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Internal_dissent_on_LGBT_issues" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Internal_dissent_on_LGBT_issues"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.3</span> <span>Internal dissent on LGBT issues</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Internal_dissent_on_LGBT_issues-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Abortion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Abortion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Abortion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Abortion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economic_and_fiscal_policies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economic_and_fiscal_policies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Economic and fiscal policies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economic_and_fiscal_policies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Social_policy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Social_policy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>Social policy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Social_policy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Associations_with_loyalist_paramilitaries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Associations_with_loyalist_paramilitaries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Associations with loyalist paramilitaries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Associations_with_loyalist_paramilitaries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Leadership" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leadership"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Leadership</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Leadership-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Leadership subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Leadership-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Party_leader" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Party_leader"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Party leader</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Party_leader-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Deputy_leader" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deputy_leader"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Deputy leader</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Deputy_leader-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chairman" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chairman"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Chairman</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chairman-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-General_Secretary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#General_Secretary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>General Secretary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-General_Secretary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Northern_Ireland_Executive_Ministers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Northern_Ireland_Executive_Ministers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Northern Ireland Executive Ministers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Northern_Ireland_Executive_Ministers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Westminster" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Westminster"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>Westminster</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Westminster-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Representatives" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Representatives"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Representatives</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Representatives-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Representatives subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Representatives-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Parliament of the United Kingdom</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Northern_Ireland_Assembly" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Northern_Ireland_Assembly"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Northern Ireland Assembly</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Northern_Ireland_Assembly-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Election_results" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Election_results"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Election results</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Election_results-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Election results subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Election_results-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-General_election_results" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#General_election_results"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>General election results</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-General_election_results-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Northern_Ireland_Assembly_election_results" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Northern_Ireland_Assembly_election_results"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Northern Ireland Assembly election results</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Northern_Ireland_Assembly_election_results-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Democratic Unionist Party</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 41 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-41" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">41 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demokratiese_Unionisteparty" title="Demokratiese Unionisteparty – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Demokratiese Unionisteparty" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B2%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A_(%D8%A3%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9)" title="الحزب الديمقراطي الاتحادي (أيرلندا الشمالية) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الحزب الديمقراطي الاتحادي (أيرلندا الشمالية)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%A3%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%98%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%80_%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%B2" title="গণতান্ত্রিক সংঘবাদী দল – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="গণতান্ত্রিক সংঘবাদী দল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8E%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Дэмакратычная юніянісцкая партыя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Дэмакратычная юніянісцкая партыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partit_Unionista_Democr%C3%A0tic" title="Partit Unionista Democràtic – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Partit Unionista Democràtic" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demokratick%C3%A1_unionistick%C3%A1_strana" title="Demokratická unionistická strana – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Demokratická unionistická strana" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plaid_yr_Unoliaethwyr_Democrataidd" title="Plaid yr Unoliaethwyr Democrataidd – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Plaid yr Unoliaethwyr Democrataidd" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Unionist_Party" title="Democratic Unionist Party – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Democratic Unionist Party" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Unionist_Party" title="Democratic Unionist Party – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Democratic Unionist Party" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%94%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%95%CE%BD%CF%89%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%9A%CF%8C%CE%BC%CE%BC%CE%B1" title="Δημοκρατικό Ενωτικό Κόμμα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Δημοκρατικό Ενωτικό Κόμμα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partido_Unionista_Democr%C3%A1tico" title="Partido Unionista Democrático – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Partido Unionista Democrático" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alderdi_Demokratiko_Unionista" title="Alderdi Demokratiko Unionista – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Alderdi Demokratiko Unionista" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%B2%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%AF%D9%85%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="حزب اتحادگرای دموکراتیک – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="حزب اتحادگرای دموکراتیک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parti_unioniste_d%C3%A9mocrate" title="Parti unioniste démocrate – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Parti unioniste démocrate" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A1irt%C3%AD_Aontachtach_Daonlathach" title="Páirtí Aontachtach Daonlathach – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Páirtí Aontachtach Daonlathach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%AF%BC%EC%A3%BC%EC%97%B0%ED%95%A9%EB%8B%B9" title="민주연합당 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="민주연합당" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partai_Unionis_Demokrat" title="Partai Unionis Demokrat – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Partai Unionis Demokrat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%BD%C3%B0r%C3%A6%C3%B0islegi_sambandsflokkurinn" title="Lýðræðislegi sambandsflokkurinn – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Lýðræðislegi sambandsflokkurinn" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partito_Unionista_Democratico" title="Partito Unionista Democratico – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Partito Unionista Democratico" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%9C%D7%92%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%93%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%98%D7%99%D7%AA" title="המפלגה היוניוניסטית הדמוקרטית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="המפלגה היוניוניסטית הדמוקרטית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9D%E1%83%99%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="დემოკრატიული უნიონისტური პარტია – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="დემოკრატიული უნიონისტური პარტია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factio_unionistarum_democratica" title="Factio unionistarum democratica – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Factio unionistarum democratica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demokratikus_Unionista_P%C3%A1rt" title="Demokratikus Unionista Párt – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Demokratikus Unionista Párt" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Unionist_Party" title="Democratic Unionist Party – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Democratic Unionist Party" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E5%85%9A_(%E5%8C%97%E3%82%A2%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89)" title="民主統一党 (北アイルランド) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="民主統一党 (北アイルランド)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Unionist_Party" title="Democratic Unionist Party – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Democratic Unionist Party" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Unionist_Party" title="Democratic Unionist Party – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Democratic Unionist Party" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demokratyczna_Partia_Unionistyczna" title="Demokratyczna Partia Unionistyczna – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Demokratyczna Partia Unionistyczna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partido_Unionista_Democr%C3%A1tico" title="Partido Unionista Democrático – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Partido Unionista Democrático" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8E%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Демократическая юнионистская партия – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Демократическая юнионистская партия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Unionist_Party" title="Democratic Unionist Party – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Democratic Unionist Party" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Unionist_Party" title="Democratic Unionist Party – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Democratic Unionist Party" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Демократска унионистичка партија – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Демократска унионистичка партија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demokratska_unionisti%C4%8Dka_partija" title="Demokratska unionistička partija – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Demokratska unionistička partija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demokraattinen_unionistipuolue" title="Demokraattinen unionistipuolue – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Demokraattinen unionistipuolue" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democratic_Unionist_Party" title="Democratic Unionist Party – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Democratic Unionist Party" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A2" title="พรรคสหภาพประชาธิปไตย – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="พรรคสหภาพประชาธิปไตย" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demokratik_Birlik_Partisi_(Kuzey_%C4%B0rlanda)" title="Demokratik Birlik Partisi (Kuzey İrlanda) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Demokratik Birlik Partisi (Kuzey İrlanda)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%8E%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Демократична юніоністська партія – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Демократична юніоністська партія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%88%DB%8C%D9%85%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%B9%DA%A9_%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%B9_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%B9%DB%8C" title="ڈیموکریٹک یونینسٹ پارٹی – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ڈیموکریٹک یونینسٹ پارٹی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a 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For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Unionist_Party_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Democratic Unionist Party (disambiguation)">Democratic Unionist Party (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%;"><div style="padding-top:0.3em; padding-bottom:0.3em; border-top:2px solid #D46A4C; border-bottom:2px solid #D46A4C; line-height: 1;"><div class="fn org">Democratic Unionist Party</div> </div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo" style="padding-top:.4em;padding-bottom:.3em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Democratic_Unionist_Party_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Democratic_Unionist_Party_logo.svg/180px-Democratic_Unionist_Party_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Democratic_Unionist_Party_logo.svg/270px-Democratic_Unionist_Party_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Democratic_Unionist_Party_logo.svg/360px-Democratic_Unionist_Party_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="194" data-file-height="84" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Abbreviation</th><td class="infobox-data nickname" style="line-height:1.3em;">DUP</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Party_leader" title="Party leader">Leader</a></th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Gavin_Robinson" title="Gavin Robinson">Gavin Robinson</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Party_chair" title="Party chair">Chairman</a></th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Morrow" title="Maurice Morrow">The Lord Morrow</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Lords Leader</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Nigel_Dodds" title="Nigel Dodds">The Lord Dodds of Duncairn</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">General Secretary</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Michelle_McIlveen" title="Michelle McIlveen">Michelle McIlveen</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data agent" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Ian_Paisley" title="Ian Paisley">Ian Paisley</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;">30 September 1971<span class="noprint">;<br />53 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1971-09-30</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Protestant_Unionist_Party" title="Protestant Unionist Party">Protestant Unionist Party</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label" style="line-height:1.3em;">91 Dundela Avenue<br />Belfast<br />BT4 3BU<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_ideologies" title="List of political ideologies">Ideology</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist nowrap"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_unionism" class="mw-redirect" title="British unionism">British unionism</a><sup id="cite_ref-Nordsieck_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nordsieck-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li><a href="/wiki/British_nationalism" title="British nationalism">British nationalism</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_loyalism" title="Ulster loyalism">Ulster loyalism</a><sup id="cite_ref-auto1_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li><a href="/wiki/National_conservatism" title="National conservatism">National conservatism</a><sup id="cite_ref-Nordsieck_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nordsieck-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li><a href="/wiki/Social_conservatism" title="Social conservatism">Social conservatism</a><sup id="cite_ref-Nordsieck_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nordsieck-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li><li><a href="/wiki/Right-wing_populism" title="Right-wing populism">Right-wing populism</a><sup id="cite_ref-Ingle156_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ingle156-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Political_spectrum" title="Political spectrum">Political position</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Right-wing" class="mw-redirect" title="Right-wing">Right-wing</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;">Colours</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#C93242; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> Red<br /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:White; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> White<br /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#051D3E; color:white;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> Navy blue<br /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#D46A4C; color:black;border:1px solid darkgray;"> </span> Copper (customary)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">House of Commons</a> <br />(NI seats)</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">5 / 18</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #D46A4C; width: 28%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Lords" title="House of Lords">House of Lords</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">6 / 806</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #D46A4C; width: 0.7%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/NI_Assembly" class="mw-redirect" title="NI Assembly">NI Assembly</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">25 / 90</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #D46A4C; width: 28%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Local government in Northern Ireland">Local government in Northern Ireland</a><sup id="cite_ref-localcouncil_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-localcouncil-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">122 / 462</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #D46A4C; width: 26%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="line-height: 0.8em;">Website</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mydup.com/">mydup<wbr />.com</a></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215519#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="padding-top:0;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist" style="line-height:1.3em; padding-top:0.3em; border-top:2px solid #D46A4C;"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Politics of Northern Ireland">Politics of Northern Ireland</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Northern_Ireland" title="List of political parties in Northern Ireland">Political parties</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Elections in Northern Ireland">Elections</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Democratic Unionist Party</b> (<b>DUP</b>) is a <a href="/wiki/Unionism_in_Ireland" title="Unionism in Ireland">unionist</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ulster_loyalism" title="Ulster loyalism">loyalist</a>, <a href="/wiki/British_nationalist" class="mw-redirect" title="British nationalist">British nationalist</a><sup id="cite_ref-auto1_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/National_conservative" class="mw-redirect" title="National conservative">national conservative</a> political party in <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a>. It was founded in 1971 during <a href="/wiki/The_Troubles" title="The Troubles">the Troubles</a> by <a href="/wiki/Ian_Paisley" title="Ian Paisley">Ian Paisley</a>, who led the party for the next 37 years. It is currently led by <a href="/wiki/Gavin_Robinson" title="Gavin Robinson">Gavin Robinson</a>, who initially stepped in as an interim after the resignation of <a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Donaldson" title="Jeffrey Donaldson">Jeffrey Donaldson</a>. It is the second-largest party in the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Assembly" title="Northern Ireland Assembly">Northern Ireland Assembly</a>, and won five seats in the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">House of Commons of the United Kingdom</a> at the <a href="/wiki/2024_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2024 United Kingdom general election">2024 election</a>. The party has been mostly described as <a href="/wiki/Right-wing" class="mw-redirect" title="Right-wing">right-wing</a><sup id="cite_ref-FTDUP_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FTDUP-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-LBCDUP_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LBCDUP-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ingle156_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ingle156-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Socially_conservative" class="mw-redirect" title="Socially conservative">socially conservative</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> being <a href="/wiki/Anti-abortion" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-abortion">anti-abortion</a> and opposing <a href="/wiki/Same-sex_marriage" title="Same-sex marriage">same-sex marriage</a>. The DUP sees itself as defending <a href="/wiki/Britishness" class="mw-redirect" title="Britishness">Britishness</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ulster_Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Ulster Protestant">Ulster Protestant</a> culture against <a href="/wiki/Irish_nationalism" title="Irish nationalism">Irish nationalism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Irish_republicanism" title="Irish republicanism">republicanism</a>. It is also <a href="/wiki/Eurosceptic" class="mw-redirect" title="Eurosceptic">Eurosceptic</a> and supported <a href="/wiki/Brexit" title="Brexit">Brexit</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The DUP evolved from the <a href="/wiki/Protestant_Unionist_Party" title="Protestant Unionist Party">Protestant Unionist Party</a> and has historically strong links to the <a href="/wiki/Free_Presbyterian_Church_of_Ulster" title="Free Presbyterian Church of Ulster">Free Presbyterian Church of Ulster</a>, the church Paisley founded. During <a href="/wiki/The_Troubles" title="The Troubles">the Troubles</a>, the DUP opposed sharing power with Irish nationalists or republicans as a means of resolving the conflict, and likewise rejected attempts to involve the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Republic of Ireland</a> in Northern Irish affairs. It campaigned against the <a href="/wiki/Sunningdale_Agreement" title="Sunningdale Agreement">Sunningdale Agreement</a> of 1973, the <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Irish_Agreement" title="Anglo-Irish Agreement">Anglo-Irish Agreement</a> of 1985, and the <a href="/wiki/Good_Friday_Agreement" title="Good Friday Agreement">Good Friday Agreement</a> of 1998. In the 1980s, the DUP was involved in setting up the loyalist paramilitary movements <a href="/wiki/Third_Force_(Northern_Ireland)" title="Third Force (Northern Ireland)">Third Force</a><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-third_spare_activity_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-third_spare_activity-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Ulster_Resistance" title="Ulster Resistance">Ulster Resistance</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-cain-u_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cain-u-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the latter of which helped smuggle a large shipment of weapons into Northern Ireland.<sup id="cite_ref-belfasttelegraph.co.uk_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-belfasttelegraph.co.uk-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>For most of the DUP's history, the <a href="/wiki/Ulster_Unionist_Party" title="Ulster Unionist Party">Ulster Unionist Party</a> was the largest unionist party in Northern Ireland; however, by 2004, the DUP had overtaken the UUP in terms of seats in both the Northern Ireland Assembly and the <a href="/wiki/UK_House_of_Commons" class="mw-redirect" title="UK House of Commons">UK House of Commons</a>. In 2006, the DUP co-signed the <a href="/wiki/St_Andrews_Agreement" title="St Andrews Agreement">St Andrews Agreement</a> and the following year agreed to enter into <a href="/wiki/Consociationalism" title="Consociationalism">power-sharing</a> <a href="/wiki/Devolved" class="mw-redirect" title="Devolved">devolved</a> government with <a href="/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Sinn Féin">Sinn Féin</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-BBC1_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC1-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who agreed to support the <a href="/wiki/Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Police Service of Northern Ireland">Police Service</a>, courts, and rule of law. Paisley became joint <a href="/wiki/First_Minister_of_Northern_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="First Minister of Northern Ireland">First Minister of Northern Ireland</a>. However, the DUP's only Member of the European Parliament (MEP), <a href="/wiki/Jim_Allister" title="Jim Allister">Jim Allister</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-allisterquits_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-allisterquits-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and seven DUP councillors<sup id="cite_ref-councillors_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-councillors-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> left the party in protest, founding the <a href="/wiki/Traditional_Unionist_Voice" title="Traditional Unionist Voice">Traditional Unionist Voice</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ian Paisley was succeeded as DUP leader and First Minister by <a href="/wiki/Peter_Robinson_(Northern_Ireland_politician)" title="Peter Robinson (Northern Ireland politician)">Peter Robinson</a> (2008–2015), then by <a href="/wiki/Arlene_Foster" title="Arlene Foster">Arlene Foster</a> (2015–2021). After Foster was ousted, <a href="/wiki/Edwin_Poots" title="Edwin Poots">Edwin Poots</a> briefly became leader and nominated <a href="/wiki/Paul_Givan" title="Paul Givan">Paul Givan</a> as First Minister, but was himself forced to step down after three weeks. In June 2021, he was succeeded by <a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Donaldson" title="Jeffrey Donaldson">Jeffrey Donaldson</a>. In protest against the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Protocol" title="Northern Ireland Protocol">Northern Ireland Protocol</a>, Givan resigned as First Minister in February 2022,<sup id="cite_ref-resign_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-resign-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> collapsing the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Executive" title="Northern Ireland Executive">Northern Ireland Executive</a>. On 30 January 2024, Donaldson announced that the DUP had agreed a deal with the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Government of the United Kingdom">UK government</a> that resulted in power-sharing being restored.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Donaldson resigned as leader on 29 March 2024 after being charged with historical sex offences, with the party's deputy leader, <a href="/wiki/Gavin_Robinson" title="Gavin Robinson">Gavin Robinson</a>, being appointed as interim leader and later confirmed as party leader in May 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-auto2_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto2-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-auto_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democratic_Unionist_Party&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1970s">1970s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democratic_Unionist_Party&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 1970s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ian_Paisley_-_(cropped).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Ian_Paisley_-_%28cropped%29.png/220px-Ian_Paisley_-_%28cropped%29.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="226" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Ian_Paisley_-_%28cropped%29.png/330px-Ian_Paisley_-_%28cropped%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Ian_Paisley_-_%28cropped%29.png/440px-Ian_Paisley_-_%28cropped%29.png 2x" data-file-width="647" data-file-height="665" /></a><figcaption>Ian Paisley, who founded the party and led it for 37 years</figcaption></figure> <p>The Democratic Unionist Party evolved from the <a href="/wiki/Protestant_Unionist_Party" title="Protestant Unionist Party">Protestant Unionist Party</a>, which itself grew out of the <a href="/wiki/Ulster_Protestant_Action" title="Ulster Protestant Action">Ulster Protestant Action</a> movement. The DUP was founded on 30 September 1971 by <a href="/wiki/Ian_Paisley" title="Ian Paisley">Ian Paisley</a>, leader of the Protestant Unionist Party, and <a href="/wiki/Desmond_Boal" title="Desmond Boal">Desmond Boal</a>, formerly of the <a href="/wiki/Ulster_Unionist_Party" title="Ulster Unionist Party">Ulster Unionist Party</a>. Paisley, a well-known <a href="/wiki/Protestant_fundamentalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant fundamentalist">Protestant fundamentalist</a> minister, was the founder and leader of the <a href="/wiki/Free_Presbyterian_Church_of_Ulster" title="Free Presbyterian Church of Ulster">Free Presbyterian Church of Ulster</a>. He would lead both the DUP and the Free Presbyterian Church for the next 37 years, and his party and church would be closely linked. When the DUP formed, Northern Ireland was in the midst of an ethnic-nationalist conflict known as <a href="/wiki/The_Troubles" title="The Troubles">the Troubles</a>, which began in 1969 and would last for the next thirty years. The conflict began amid a <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Civil_Rights_Association" title="Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association">campaign to end discrimination</a> against the <a href="/wiki/Irish_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish Catholic">Catholic</a>/<a href="/wiki/Irish_nationalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish nationalist">Irish nationalist</a> minority by the Protestant/unionist government and police force.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-dbryan_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dbryan-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This protest campaign was opposed, often violently, by unionists who viewed it as an <a href="/wiki/Irish_republican" class="mw-redirect" title="Irish republican">Irish republican</a> front. Paisley had led the unionist opposition to the civil rights movement. The DUP were more hardline or <a href="/wiki/Ulster_loyalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Ulster loyalist">loyalist</a> than the UUP and its founding arguably stemmed from worries of the <a href="/wiki/Ulster_Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Ulster Protestant">Ulster Protestant</a> working class that the UUP was not paying them enough heed.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The DUP opposed the <a href="/wiki/Sunningdale_Agreement" title="Sunningdale Agreement">Sunningdale Agreement</a> of 1973. The Agreement was an attempt to resolve the conflict by setting up a new <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Assembly_(1973)" title="Northern Ireland Assembly (1973)">assembly</a> and <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Executive_(1974)" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Ireland Executive (1974)">government for Northern Ireland</a> in which unionists and Irish nationalists would share power. The Agreement also proposed the creation of a Council of Ireland, which would facilitate co-operation between the governments of Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. The DUP won eight seats in the <a href="/wiki/1973_Northern_Ireland_Assembly_election" title="1973 Northern Ireland Assembly election">1973 election to the Assembly</a>. Along with other anti-Agreement unionists, the DUP formed the <a href="/wiki/United_Ulster_Unionist_Council" title="United Ulster Unionist Council">United Ulster Unionist Council</a> (UUUC) to oppose the Agreement. In the <a href="/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election">February 1974 UK election</a>, the UUUC won 11 out of 12 Northern Ireland seats, while the pro-Agreement unionists failed to win any. On 15 May 1974, anti-Agreement unionists called <a href="/wiki/Ulster_Workers%27_Council_strike" title="Ulster Workers' Council strike">a general strike aimed at bringing down the Agreement</a>. The strike coordinating committee included DUP leader Paisley, the other UUUC leaders, and the leaders of the <a href="/wiki/Ulster_loyalism#Paramilitary_and_vigilante_groups" title="Ulster loyalism">loyalist paramilitary groups</a>. The strike lasted fourteen days and brought Northern Ireland to a standstill. Loyalist paramilitaries helped enforce the strike by blocking roads and intimidating workers.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the third day of the strike, loyalists <a href="/wiki/Dublin_and_Monaghan_bombings" title="Dublin and Monaghan bombings">detonated four car bombs in Dublin and Monaghan</a>, killing 33 civilians.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The strike led to the downfall of the Agreement on 28 May. </p><p>Following the downfall of the Agreement, in 1975 the British government set up a <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Constitutional_Convention" title="Northern Ireland Constitutional Convention">Constitutional Convention</a>, an elected body of unionists and nationalists which would seek agreement on a political settlement for Northern Ireland. In the election to the convention, the UUUC (which included the DUP) won 53% of the vote. The UUUC opposed a power-sharing government and recommended only a return to majority rule (i.e. unionist rule). As this was unacceptable to nationalists, the convention was dissolved.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The DUP opposed UK membership of the <a href="/wiki/European_Economic_Community" title="European Economic Community">European Economic Community</a> (EEC). In June 1979, in the <a href="/wiki/1979_European_Parliament_election_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="1979 European Parliament election in the United Kingdom">first election to the European Parliament</a>, Paisley won one of the three Northern Ireland seats. He topped the poll, with 29.8% of the first preference votes.<sup id="cite_ref-cain79_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cain79-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He retained that seat in every European election until 2004, when he was replaced by <a href="/wiki/Jim_Allister" title="Jim Allister">Jim Allister</a>, who resigned from the DUP in 2007 while retaining his seat.<sup id="cite_ref-allisterquits_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-allisterquits-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1980s_and_1990s">1980s and 1990s</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democratic_Unionist_Party&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 1980s and 1990s"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During 1981, the DUP opposed the then-ongoing talks between British Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher" title="Margaret Thatcher">Margaret Thatcher</a> and <a href="/wiki/Taoiseach" title="Taoiseach">Taoiseach</a> <a href="/wiki/Charles_Haughey" title="Charles Haughey">Charles Haughey</a>. That year, Paisley and other DUP members attempted to create a Protestant loyalist volunteer <a href="/wiki/Militia" title="Militia">militia</a>—called the (Ulster) <a href="/wiki/Third_Force_(Northern_Ireland)" title="Third Force (Northern Ireland)">Third Force</a>—which would work alongside the police and army to fight the <a href="/wiki/Irish_Republican_Army" title="Irish Republican Army">Irish Republican Army</a> (IRA). They organized large rallies where men were photographed in military formation waving <a href="/wiki/Firearms_license" title="Firearms license">firearms certificates</a>. Paisley declared: "This is a small token of the men who are placed to devastate any attempt by Margaret Thatcher and Charles Haughey to destroy the Union".<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The DUP helped organize a loyalist 'Day of Action' on 23 November 1981, to pressure the British government to take a harder line against the IRA.<sup id="cite_ref-cain81_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cain81-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Paisley addressed a Third Force rally in <a href="/wiki/Newtownards" title="Newtownards">Newtownards</a>, where thousands of masked and uniformed men marched before him. He declared: "My men are ready to be recruited under the crown to destroy the vermin of the IRA. But if they refuse to recruit them, then we will have no other decision to make but to destroy the IRA ourselves!"<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In December, Paisley claimed that the Third Force had 15,000–20,000 members. <a href="/wiki/James_Prior" class="mw-redirect" title="James Prior">James Prior</a>, <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Northern_Ireland" title="Secretary of State for Northern Ireland">Secretary of State for Northern Ireland</a>, replied that private armies would not be tolerated.<sup id="cite_ref-cain81_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cain81-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Irish_Agreement" title="Anglo-Irish Agreement">Anglo-Irish Agreement</a> was signed by the British and Irish governments in November 1985, following months of talks between the two. The Agreement confirmed there would be no change in the status of Northern Ireland without <a href="/wiki/Principle_of_consent" title="Principle of consent">the consent of a majority of its citizens</a>, and proposed the creation of a new power-sharing government. It also gave the Irish government an advisory role on some matters in Northern Ireland. Both the DUP and UUP mounted a major protest campaign against the Agreement, dubbed "<a href="/wiki/Ulster_Says_No" title="Ulster Says No">Ulster Says No</a>". Both unionist parties resigned their seats in the British House of Commons, suspended district council meetings, and led a campaign of mass <a href="/wiki/Civil_disobedience" title="Civil disobedience">civil disobedience</a>. There were strikes and mass protest rallies.<sup id="cite_ref-aia_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aia-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 23 June 1986, DUP politicians occupied the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_Buildings_(Northern_Ireland)" title="Parliament Buildings (Northern Ireland)">Stormont Parliament Building</a> in protest at the Agreement, while 200 supporters protested outside and clashed with police.<sup id="cite_ref-aia_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aia-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The DUP politicians were forcibly removed by police the next day.<sup id="cite_ref-aia_42-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aia-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 10 July, Paisley and deputy DUP leader Peter Robinson led 4,000 loyalist supporters in a protest in which they 'occupied' the town of <a href="/wiki/Hillsborough,_County_Down" class="mw-redirect" title="Hillsborough, County Down">Hillsborough</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hillsborough_Castle" title="Hillsborough Castle">Hillsborough Castle</a> is where the Agreement had been signed.<sup id="cite_ref-aia_42-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aia-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 7 August, Robinson led hundreds of loyalist supporters in <a href="/wiki/Clontibret_invasion" title="Clontibret invasion">an invasion of the village</a> of <a href="/wiki/Clontibret" title="Clontibret">Clontibret</a>, in the Republic of Ireland. The loyalists marched up and down the main street, vandalised property, and attacked two Irish police officers (<a href="/wiki/Garda%C3%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="Gardaí">Gardaí</a>) before fleeing back over the border. Robinson was arrested and convicted for <a href="/wiki/Unlawful_assembly" title="Unlawful assembly">unlawful assembly</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 10 November 1986, a rally was held in which DUP politicians Paisley, Robinson and <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Foster" title="Ivan Foster">Ivan Foster</a> announced the formation of the <a href="/wiki/Ulster_Resistance" title="Ulster Resistance">Ulster Resistance</a> Movement (URM). This was a loyalist paramilitary group whose purpose was to "take direct action as and when required" to bring down the Agreement and defeat republicanism.<sup id="cite_ref-cain-u_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cain-u-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Recruitment rallies were held in towns across Northern Ireland and thousands were said to have joined.<sup id="cite_ref-cain-u_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cain-u-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The following year, the URM helped smuggle a large shipment of weapons into Northern Ireland, which were shared out between the URM, the <a href="/wiki/Ulster_Volunteer_Force" title="Ulster Volunteer Force">Ulster Volunteer Force</a> (UVF) and the <a href="/wiki/Ulster_Defence_Association" title="Ulster Defence Association">Ulster Defence Association</a> (UDA). Most, but not all, of the weaponry was seized by police in 1988. In 1989, URM members attempted to trade <a href="/wiki/Short_Brothers" title="Short Brothers">Shorts</a>' missile blueprints for weapons from the <a href="/wiki/Apartheid" title="Apartheid">apartheid</a> <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South African</a> regime. Following these revelations, the DUP said that it had cut its links with the URM in 1987.<sup id="cite_ref-belfasttelegraph.co.uk_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-belfasttelegraph.co.uk-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the mid-1980s, the Irish republican party <a href="/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Sinn Féin">Sinn Féin</a> began to contest and win seats in local council elections. In response, the DUP fought elections under the slogan "Smash Sinn Féin" and vowed to exclude Sinn Féin councillors from all council business. Their 1985 manifesto said "The Sinn Féiners must be ostracised and isolated" at all local government bodies. Throughout the 1980s and 1990s, DUP councillors attempted to exclude Sinn Féin councillors by ignoring them, boycotting their speeches, or drowning them out by making as much noise as possible – such as by heckling and banging tables.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In early January 1994, the UDA released a document calling for the <a href="/wiki/Repartition_of_Ireland" title="Repartition of Ireland">repartition of Ireland</a> with the goal of making Northern Ireland wholly Protestant.<sup id="cite_ref-Wood_184-185_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wood_184-185-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The plan was to be implemented should the British Army withdraw from Northern Ireland. The Irish Catholic/nationalist-majority areas would be handed over to the Republic, and those left in the rump state would be "expelled, <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_cleansing" title="Ethnic cleansing">nullified</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Interned" class="mw-redirect" title="Interned">interned</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-Wood_184-185_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wood_184-185-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> DUP press officer <a href="/wiki/Sammy_Wilson_(politician)" title="Sammy Wilson (politician)">Sammy Wilson</a> spoke positively of the document, calling it a "valuable return to reality" and lauded the UDA for "contemplating what needs to be done to maintain our separate Ulster identity".<sup id="cite_ref-Wood_184-185_45-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wood_184-185-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1998–2004"><span id="1998.E2.80.932004"></span>1998–2004</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democratic_Unionist_Party&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 1998–2004"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_peace_process" title="Northern Ireland peace process">Northern Ireland peace process</a> of the 1990s, the DUP was initially involved in the negotiations under former United States Senator <a href="/wiki/George_J._Mitchell" title="George J. Mitchell">George J. Mitchell</a> that led to the <a href="/wiki/Good_Friday_Agreement" title="Good Friday Agreement">Good Friday Agreement</a> of 1998, but withdrew in protest when Sinn Féin, an Irish republican party with links to the <a href="/wiki/Provisional_Irish_Republican_Army" title="Provisional Irish Republican Army">Provisional Irish Republican Army</a> (IRA), was allowed to participate while the IRA kept its weapons. The DUP opposed the Agreement in the <a href="/wiki/Good_Friday_Agreement_referendum" class="mw-redirect" title="Good Friday Agreement referendum">Good Friday Agreement referendum</a>, in which the Agreement was approved with 71.1% of the electorate in favour. </p><p>The DUP's opposition was based on a number of reasons, including: </p> <ul><li>The early release of paramilitary prisoners</li> <li>The mechanism to allow Sinn Féin to hold government office despite ongoing IRA activity</li> <li>The lack of accountability of ministers in the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Executive" title="Northern Ireland Executive">Northern Ireland Executive</a></li> <li>The lack of accountability of the <a href="/wiki/North/South_Ministerial_Council" title="North/South Ministerial Council">North/South Ministerial Council</a> and North/South Implementation Bodies</li></ul> <p>The DUP contested the <a href="/wiki/1998_Northern_Ireland_Assembly_election" title="1998 Northern Ireland Assembly election">1998 Northern Ireland Assembly election</a> that resulted from the Good Friday Agreement, winning 20 seats, the third-highest of any party. It then took up two of the ten seats in the multi-party power-sharing Executive. While serving as ministers, they refused to sit at meetings of the executive committee in protest at Sinn Féin's participation.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2007)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The Executive ultimately collapsed over an alleged IRA espionage ring at Stormont (see <a href="/wiki/Stormontgate" title="Stormontgate">Stormontgate</a>). </p><p>The Good Friday Agreement relied on the support of a majority of unionists and a majority of nationalists in order for it to operate.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2007)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> During the <a href="/wiki/2003_Northern_Ireland_Assembly_election" title="2003 Northern Ireland Assembly election">2003 Northern Ireland Assembly election</a>, the DUP argued for a "fair deal" that could command the support of both unionists and nationalists. After the results of this election the DUP argued that support was no longer present within unionism for the Good Friday Agreement. They went on to publish their proposals for devolution in Ireland entitled <i>Devolution Now</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These proposals have been refined and re-stated in further policy documents including <i>Moving on</i><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <i>Facing Reality</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 2003 Northern Ireland Assembly election, the DUP won 30 seats, the most of any party. In January 2004, it became the largest Northern Ireland party at <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Westminster</a>, when MP <a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Donaldson" title="Jeffrey Donaldson">Jeffrey Donaldson</a> joined after defecting from the UUP. In December 2004, English MP <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Hunter_(British_politician)" title="Andrew Hunter (British politician)">Andrew Hunter</a> took the DUP whip after earlier withdrawing from the <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative Party</a>, giving the party seven seats, in comparison to the UUP's five, Sinn Féin's four, and the <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_and_Labour_Party" title="Social Democratic and Labour Party">Social Democratic and Labour Party</a>'s (SDLP) three. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2005–2007"><span id="2005.E2.80.932007"></span>2005–2007</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democratic_Unionist_Party&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 2005–2007"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/2005_UK_general_election" class="mw-redirect" title="2005 UK general election">2005 UK general election</a>, the party reinforced its position as the largest unionist party, winning nine seats, making it the fourth largest party in terms of seats in the British House of Commons behind Labour, the Conservatives and the Liberal Democrats. In terms of votes, the DUP was the fourth largest party on the island of Ireland. </p><p>At the <a href="/wiki/2005_Northern_Ireland_local_elections" title="2005 Northern Ireland local elections">local government election of 2005</a>, the DUP emerged as the largest party at local government level with 182 councillors across Northern Ireland's 26 district councils.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The DUP had a majority of the members on <a href="/wiki/Castlereagh_Borough_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Castlereagh Borough Council">Castlereagh Borough Council</a>, which had long been a DUP stronghold and was home to party leader <a href="/wiki/Peter_Robinson_(Northern_Ireland_politician)" title="Peter Robinson (Northern Ireland politician)">Peter Robinson</a>, also in <a href="/wiki/Ballymena_(borough)" title="Ballymena (borough)">Ballymena Borough Council</a>, home to the party's founder Ian Paisley, and finally <a href="/wiki/Ards_(borough)" title="Ards (borough)">Ards Borough Council</a>. As well as outright control on these councils, the DUP was also the largest party in eight other councils – <a href="/wiki/Antrim_(borough)" title="Antrim (borough)">Antrim Borough Council</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ballymoney_(borough)" title="Ballymoney (borough)">Ballymoney Borough Council</a>, <a href="/wiki/Banbridge_(district)" title="Banbridge (district)">Banbridge District Council</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belfast_City_Council" title="Belfast City Council">Belfast City Council</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carrickfergus_Borough_Council" title="Carrickfergus Borough Council">Carrickfergus Borough Council</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coleraine_Borough_Council" title="Coleraine Borough Council">Coleraine Borough Council</a>, <a href="/wiki/Craigavon_Borough_Council" title="Craigavon Borough Council">Craigavon Borough Council</a> and <a href="/wiki/Newtownabbey_Borough_Council" title="Newtownabbey Borough Council">Newtownabbey Borough Council</a>. </p><p>On 11 April 2006, it was announced that three DUP members were to be elevated to the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Lords" title="House of Lords">House of Lords</a>: <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Morrow" title="Maurice Morrow">Maurice Morrow</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wallace_Browne" class="mw-redirect" title="Wallace Browne">Wallace Browne</a>, the former <a href="/wiki/Lord_Mayor_of_Belfast" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Mayor of Belfast">Lord Mayor of Belfast</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Eileen_Paisley" class="mw-redirect" title="Eileen Paisley">Eileen Paisley</a>, a vice-president of the DUP and wife of DUP Leader Ian Paisley. None, however, sit as DUP peers. </p><p>On 27 October 2006, the DUP issued a four-page letter in the <i><a href="/wiki/Belfast_Telegraph" title="Belfast Telegraph">Belfast Telegraph</a></i> newspaper asking "Are the terms of Saint Andrew's a basis of moving forward to devolution?", with responses to be received to its party headquarters by 8 November. It was part of the party's policy of consultation with its electorate before entering a power-sharing government.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2007)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>On 24 November 2006, Ian Paisley refused to nominate himself as <a href="/wiki/First_Minister_of_Northern_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="First Minister of Northern Ireland">First Minister of Northern Ireland</a> designate. There was confusion between all parties whether he actually said that if Sinn Féin supported policing and the rule of law that he would nominate himself on 28 March 2007 after the Assembly elections on 7 March 2007. The Assembly meeting was brought to an abrupt end when the building had to be evacuated because of a security breach. Paisley later released a statement through the press office stating that he did in fact imply that if Sinn Féin supported policing and the rule of law, he would go into a power-sharing government with them. This was following a statement issued by 12 DUP MLAs stating that what Ian Paisley had said in the chamber could not be interpreted as a nomination.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 2007, the DUP suggested that it would begin to impose fines up to <a href="/wiki/Pound_sterling" title="Pound sterling">£</a>20,000 on members disobeying the party whip on crucial votes.<sup id="cite_ref-st040207_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-st040207-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 24 March 2007 the DUP party executive overwhelmingly endorsed a resolution put to them by the party officers that did not agree to an establishment of devolution and an executive in Northern Ireland by the Government's deadline of 26 March, but did agree to setting up an executive on 8 May 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC1_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC1-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 27 March 2007, the party's sole Member of the European Parliament (MEP), <a href="/wiki/Jim_Allister" title="Jim Allister">Jim Allister</a>, resigned from the party, in opposition to the decision to enter a power-sharing government with Sinn Féin. He retained his seat as an independent MEP as leader of his new hard-line anti-St Andrews Agreement splinter group that he formed with other disaffected members who had left the DUP over the issue, <a href="/wiki/Traditional_Unionist_Voice" title="Traditional Unionist Voice">Traditional Unionist Voice</a>, a seat which he retained until <a href="/wiki/Diane_Dodds" title="Diane Dodds">Diane Dodds</a> won the seat back for the DUP in 2009. MP <a href="/wiki/Gregory_Campbell_(politician)" title="Gregory Campbell (politician)">Gregory Campbell</a> warned on 6 April 2007 that his party would be watching to see if benefits flow from its agreement to share power with Sinn Féin.<sup id="cite_ref-belfasttelegraph060407_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-belfasttelegraph060407-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Robinson_leadership_(2008–2015)"><span id="Robinson_leadership_.282008.E2.80.932015.29"></span>Robinson leadership (2008–2015)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democratic_Unionist_Party&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Robinson leadership (2008–2015)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 31 May 2008, the party's central Executive Committee met at the offices of Castlereagh Borough Council where Ian Paisley formally stepped down as party leader and Peter Robinson was ratified as the new leader, with Nigel Dodds as his deputy. </p><p>On 11 June 2008, the party supported the government's proposal to detain terrorist suspects for up to 42 days as part of the <a href="/wiki/Counter-Terrorism_Act_2008#42_day_terrorist_detention_without_charge" title="Counter-Terrorism Act 2008">Counter-Terrorism Bill</a>, leading <i><a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a></i> newspaper to dub all of the party's nine MPs as part of "Brown's dirty dozen".<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a></i> reported that the party had been given "sweeteners for Northern Ireland" and "a peerage for the Rev Ian Paisley", amongst other offers, to secure the bill.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Members of the DUP were lambasted by the press and voters, after MPs' expenses reports were leaked to the media. Several newspapers<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The material near this tag possibly uses too-vague attribution or weasel words. (November 2019)">who?</span></a></i>]</sup> referred to the "Swish Family Robinson" after Peter Robinson, and his wife Iris, claimed £571,939.41 in expenses with a further £150,000 being paid to family members.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Further embarrassment was caused to the party when its deputy leader, Nigel Dodds, had the highest expenses claims of any Northern Ireland MP, ranking 13th highest out of all UK MPs.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Details of all MPs' expenses claims since 2004 were published in July 2009 under the <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_Information_Act_2000" title="Freedom of Information Act 2000">Freedom of Information Act 2000</a>. </p><p>In January 2010, Peter Robinson was at the centre of a <a href="/wiki/Iris_Robinson_scandal" title="Iris Robinson scandal">high-profile scandal</a> relating to his 60-year-old MP/MLA wife <a href="/wiki/Iris_Robinson" title="Iris Robinson">Iris Robinson</a>'s infidelity with a 19-year-old man, and alleged serious financial irregularities associated with the scandal.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/2010_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2010 United Kingdom general election">2010 general election</a>, the party suffered a major upset when its leader, Peter Robinson, lost his <a href="/wiki/Belfast_East_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Belfast East (UK Parliament constituency)">Belfast East</a> seat to <a href="/wiki/Naomi_Long" title="Naomi Long">Naomi Long</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Alliance_Party_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Alliance Party of Northern Ireland">APNI</a> on a swing of 22.9%. However, the party maintained its position elsewhere, fighting off a challenge from the <a href="/wiki/Ulster_Conservatives_and_Unionists_%E2%80%93_New_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Ulster Conservatives and Unionists – New Force">Ulster Conservatives and Unionists – New Force</a> in <a href="/wiki/South_Antrim_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="South Antrim (UK Parliament constituency)">Antrim South</a> and <a href="/wiki/Strangford_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Strangford (UK Parliament constituency)">Strangford</a> and from Jim Allister's Traditional Unionist Voice in <a href="/wiki/North_Antrim_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="North Antrim (UK Parliament constituency)">Antrim North</a>. </p><p>The DUP were strongly criticised after the <a href="/wiki/Red_Sky_scandal" title="Red Sky scandal">Red Sky scandal</a> in which DUP ministers attempted to influence a decision at a meeting of the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Housing_Executive" title="Northern Ireland Housing Executive">Northern Ireland Housing Executive</a>. The decision related to an £8 million contract of east Belfast firm Red Sky. The Housing Executive cancelled Red Sky's contract after a BBC <i>Spotlight</i> investigation into the company, which was shown to be overcharging taxpayers. The DUP cited "sectarian bias" in relation to the decision.<sup id="cite_ref-role_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-role-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The party suspended DUP councillor <a href="/wiki/Jenny_Palmer" title="Jenny Palmer">Jenny Palmer</a>, who sat on the executive board, after she confessed that DUP special adviser Stephen Brimstone pressured her into changing her vote at the meeting. </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/2015_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2015 United Kingdom general election">2015 general election</a>, when the result was expected to be a <a href="/wiki/Hung_parliament" title="Hung parliament">hung parliament</a>, the issue of DUP and the <a href="/wiki/UK_Independence_Party" title="UK Independence Party">UK Independence Party</a> forming a <a href="/wiki/Coalition_government" title="Coalition government">coalition government</a> with the UK Conservative Party was considered by <a href="/wiki/Nigel_Farage" title="Nigel Farage">Nigel Farage</a> (leader of UKIP).<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The then Deputy Prime Minister and leader of the <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democrats_(UK)" title="Liberal Democrats (UK)">Liberal Democrats</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nick_Clegg" title="Nick Clegg">Nick Clegg</a>, warned against this "Blukip" coalition, with a spoof website highlighting imagined policies from this coalition – such as reinstating the <a href="/wiki/Death_penalty" class="mw-redirect" title="Death penalty">death penalty</a>, scrapping all benefits for under 25s and charging for hospital visits.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Additionally, issues were raised about the continued existence of the <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a> (as the DUP, UKIP and Conservatives had made a number of statements criticising the institution)<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and support for <a href="/wiki/Same-sex_marriage" title="Same-sex marriage">same-sex marriage</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-JonesAttitude5May15_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JonesAttitude5May15-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, in an interview with <a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_5_Live" title="BBC Radio 5 Live">BBC Radio 5 Live</a> deputy leader of the DUP <a href="/wiki/Nigel_Dodds" title="Nigel Dodds">Nigel Dodds</a> told <a href="/wiki/BBC_Newsline" title="BBC Newsline">BBC Newsline</a> that the DUP was "against discrimination based on religion ... or sexual orientation".<sup id="cite_ref-JonesAttitude5May15_63-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JonesAttitude5May15-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 10 September 2015, Peter Robinson stepped aside as First Minister and other DUP ministers, with the exception of <a href="/wiki/Arlene_Foster" title="Arlene Foster">Arlene Foster</a>, resigned their portfolios.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foster_leadership_(2015–2021)"><span id="Foster_leadership_.282015.E2.80.932021.29"></span>Foster leadership (2015–2021)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democratic_Unionist_Party&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Foster leadership (2015–2021)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Arlene Foster became leader of the DUP on 17 December 2015, and served as First Minister of Northern Ireland from January 2016 to January 2017. </p><p>Two days before the <a href="/wiki/2016_United_Kingdom_European_Union_membership_referendum" title="2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum">UK Brexit referendum</a>, held on 23 June 2016, the DUP paid £282,000 for a four-page glossy wrap-around to the free newspaper <i><a href="/wiki/Metro_(British_newspaper)" title="Metro (British newspaper)">Metro</a></i>, which is distributed in major towns and cities in the British mainland, but not Northern Ireland, advocating a 'Leave' vote.<sup id="cite_ref-dark_money_#1_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dark_money_#1-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 4 October 2016, First Minister Arlene Foster and DUP MPs held a champagne reception at the <a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)_Conference" class="mw-redirect" title="Conservative Party (UK) Conference">Conservative Party conference</a>, marking what some have described as an "informal coalition" or an "understanding" between the two parties to account for the Conservatives' narrow majority in the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">House of Commons</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The relationship between the parties was formalised after the <a href="/wiki/2017_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2017 United Kingdom general election">2017 United Kingdom general election</a> with the signing of the <a href="/wiki/Conservative%E2%80%93DUP_agreement" title="Conservative–DUP agreement">Conservative–DUP agreement</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-conDUP_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-conDUP-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In October 2017, the DUP held a similar reception at the Conservative Party conference, which was attended by leading Conservative figures including <a href="/wiki/First_Secretary_of_State" title="First Secretary of State">First Secretary of State</a> <a href="/wiki/Damian_Green" title="Damian Green">Damian Green</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brexit_Secretary" class="mw-redirect" title="Brexit Secretary">Brexit Secretary</a> <a href="/wiki/David_Davis_(British_politician)" title="David Davis (British politician)">David Davis</a>, then-<a href="/wiki/Chief_Whip" title="Chief Whip">Chief Whip</a> <a href="/wiki/Gavin_Williamson" title="Gavin Williamson">Gavin Williamson</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Chairman_of_the_Conservative_Party" title="Chairman of the Conservative Party">party chairman</a> <a href="/wiki/Patrick_McLoughlin" title="Patrick McLoughlin">Patrick McLoughlin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was reciprocated in November, when Damian Green and Conservative Chief Whip <a href="/wiki/Julian_Smith_(politician)" title="Julian Smith (politician)">Julian Smith</a> attended the DUP's conference, with Smith giving a keynote address.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The third such annual DUP reception at the Conservative conference took place in October 2018,<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_the_Exchequer" title="Chancellor of the Exchequer">Chancellor of the Exchequer</a> <a href="/wiki/Philip_Hammond" title="Philip Hammond">Philip Hammond</a> and former <a href="/wiki/Foreign_Secretary" title="Foreign Secretary">Foreign Secretary</a> <a href="/wiki/Boris_Johnson" title="Boris Johnson">Boris Johnson</a> addressing the DUP conference a month later.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Prominent Conservative MPs such as <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Environment,_Food_and_Rural_Affairs" title="Secretary of State for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs">Environment Secretary</a> <a href="/wiki/Michael_Gove" title="Michael Gove">Michael Gove</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_House_of_Commons" title="Leader of the House of Commons">Leader of the House of Commons</a> <a href="/wiki/Andrea_Leadsom" title="Andrea Leadsom">Andrea Leadsom</a>, <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Defence" title="Secretary of State for Defence">Defence Secretary</a> Gavin Williamson, former <a href="/wiki/International_Development_Secretary" class="mw-redirect" title="International Development Secretary">International Development Secretary</a> <a href="/wiki/Priti_Patel" title="Priti Patel">Priti Patel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Sport_and_Civil_Society" title="Minister for Sport and Civil Society">Sports Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Tracey_Crouch" title="Tracey Crouch">Tracey Crouch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Defence_Select_Committee" title="Defence Select Committee">Defence Select Committee</a> chair <a href="/wiki/Julian_Lewis" title="Julian Lewis">Julian Lewis</a>, and <a href="/wiki/European_Research_Group" title="European Research Group">European Research Group</a> chair <a href="/wiki/Jacob_Rees-Mogg" title="Jacob Rees-Mogg">Jacob Rees-Mogg</a> headlined various fundraising events for the DUP from 2017 onwards.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Former UK Independence Party leader Nigel Farage also spoke at a DUP fundraiser in May 2018, with his main financial backer, <a href="/wiki/Arron_Banks" title="Arron Banks">Arron Banks</a>, stating that he would support a bid by Farage to seek office as a DUP candidate after the end of his tenure as <a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_European_Parliament" title="Member of the European Parliament">Member of the European Parliament</a> in 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In her capacity as Minister of Enterprise, Trade and Investment in 2012, Foster oversaw the establishment of a <a href="/wiki/Environmentally_friendly" title="Environmentally friendly">green</a> energy scheme, which led to the <a href="/wiki/Renewable_Heat_Incentive_scandal" title="Renewable Heat Incentive scandal">Renewable Heat Incentive scandal</a> (RHI scandal). The scheme gave a <a href="/wiki/Perverse_incentive" title="Perverse incentive">perverse incentive</a> to use more energy and increase their <a href="/wiki/Carbon_footprint" title="Carbon footprint">carbon footprint</a> to those who signed up to it since they could claim £1.60 for every £1 spent on heating with, for example, wood pellets.<sup id="cite_ref-about_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-about-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With no cost controls, it could cost the public purse up to £490 million. </p><p>Foster refused calls to step down as First Minister over her alleged role in the RHI scandal. In January 2017 this led <a href="/wiki/Martin_McGuinness" title="Martin McGuinness">Martin McGuinness</a> to resign in protest and the Northern Ireland Executive collapsed. A snap election followed after Sinn Féin refused to re-nominate a deputy First Minister. In this <a href="/wiki/2017_Northern_Ireland_Assembly_election" title="2017 Northern Ireland Assembly election">Northern Ireland Assembly election</a>, held in March 2017, the DUP lost 10 seats, leaving them only one seat and 1,200 votes ahead of Sinn Féin, a result described by the <i>Belfast Telegraph</i> as "catastrophic".<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The withdrawal of the party whip from <a href="/wiki/Jim_Wells_(politician)" title="Jim Wells (politician)">Jim Wells</a> in May 2018 left the DUP on 27 seats, the same number as Sinn Féin.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 2017 UK general election, the DUP had 10 seats overall, 3 seats ahead of Sinn Féin.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With no party having received an outright majority in the UK Parliament, the DUP entered into <a href="/wiki/Conservative%E2%80%93DUP_agreement" title="Conservative–DUP agreement">an agreement</a> to support <a href="/wiki/Second_May_ministry" title="Second May ministry">government</a> by the Conservative Party.<sup id="cite_ref-McDonald090617_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McDonald090617-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A DUP source said: "The alternative is intolerable. For as long as Corbyn leads Labour, we will ensure there’s a Tory PM."<sup id="cite_ref-McDonald090617_80-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McDonald090617-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The DUP would later withdraw their support over new Prime Minister Boris Johnson's revised proposal for a deal with the EU.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the <a href="/wiki/2019_UK_general_election" class="mw-redirect" title="2019 UK general election">2019 UK general election</a>, the DUP lost vote share and lost two of its seats.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Due to the RHI scandal and deadlock between the DUP and Sinn Féin, Northern Ireland did not have an Executive and the Assembly did not meet for three years. In January 2020, the main parties signed the <a href="/wiki/New_Decade,_New_Approach" title="New Decade, New Approach">New Decade, New Approach</a> agreement and the Executive was re-formed with Foster as First Minister and <a href="/wiki/Michelle_O%27Neill" title="Michelle O'Neill">Michelle O'Neill</a> of Sinn Féin as deputy First Minister. </p><p>In April 2021, it was reported that the majority of DUP MLAs and MPs had signed a letter of no confidence in Foster. She therefore announced that she would step down as DUP leader in May and as First Minister in June.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC280421_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC280421-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Poots_leadership_(2021)"><span id="Poots_leadership_.282021.29"></span>Poots leadership (2021)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democratic_Unionist_Party&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Poots leadership (2021)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After Foster's announcement, the DUP held its <a href="/wiki/May_2021_Democratic_Unionist_Party_leadership_election" title="May 2021 Democratic Unionist Party leadership election">first ever leadership election</a> in May 2021, with <a href="/wiki/Edwin_Poots" title="Edwin Poots">Edwin Poots</a> becoming leader after narrowly defeating Jeffrey Donaldson.<sup id="cite_ref-Poots_ratified_84-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Poots_ratified-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This caused a fracture in the party. Some DUP members spoke of their "disgust" at the way in which Foster had been ousted. There were claims that Poots supporters engaged in bullying and intimidation during the leadership election, and some party members walked out before his speech.<sup id="cite_ref-Poots_ratified_84-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Poots_ratified-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Poots_split_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Poots_split-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Police also investigated claims the Ulster Defence Association (UDA) threatened members of Donaldson's campaign team.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Poots admitted party members were "bruised" but denied claims of intimidation. Several party members resigned, including councillors.<sup id="cite_ref-Poots_split_85-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Poots_split-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 17 June 21 days after becoming DUP leader, Poots announced he would be resigning after an internal party revolt. He said he would stay in post until a successor was elected.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He had agreed a deal whereby his close ally, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Givan" title="Paul Givan">Paul Givan</a>, would become First Minister. In return, he would let Westminster pass Irish language law for Northern Ireland, which the DUP had earlier agreed to implement by signing the <a href="/wiki/New_Decade,_New_Approach" title="New Decade, New Approach">New Decade, New Approach</a> agreement. Most DUP MLAs opposed Poots's decision, forcing him to step down.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 22 June, Jeffrey Donaldson was confirmed to be succeeding Poots, as the only candidate in the leadership contest.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Donaldson_leadership_(2021–2024)"><span id="Donaldson_leadership_.282021.E2.80.932024.29"></span>Donaldson leadership (2021–2024)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democratic_Unionist_Party&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Donaldson leadership (2021–2024)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Jeffrey Donaldson was ratified as DUP leader on 30 June 2021, and said his top priority was to get rid of the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Protocol" title="Northern Ireland Protocol">Northern Ireland Protocol</a>, the post-<a href="/wiki/Brexit" title="Brexit">Brexit</a> trade arrangements.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hours after he became leader, MLA <a href="/wiki/Alex_Easton" title="Alex Easton">Alex Easton</a> left the DUP, saying the party no longer had any "respect, discipline or decency".<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This meant the DUP were no longer the biggest party in the Assembly. </p><p>As part of the party's protest against the Northern Ireland Protocol, the DUP's <a href="/wiki/Paul_Givan" title="Paul Givan">Paul Givan</a> resigned as First Minister in February 2022, collapsing the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Executive" title="Northern Ireland Executive">Northern Ireland Executive</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April, shortly before the <a href="/wiki/2022_Northern_Ireland_Assembly_election" title="2022 Northern Ireland Assembly election">2022 Assembly election</a>, all of the DUP's officers in <a href="/wiki/South_Down_(Assembly_constituency)" title="South Down (Assembly constituency)">South Down</a> refused to endorse the party's candidate <a href="/wiki/Diane_Forsythe" title="Diane Forsythe">Diane Forsythe</a> and resigned from the DUP.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the May 2022 Assembly election, the DUP's vote share dropped almost 7% and it lost three seats, making Sinn Féin the largest party for the first time.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the DUP said they will not allow the election of a <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_Northern_Ireland_Assembly" title="Speaker of the Northern Ireland Assembly">Speaker</a> until their issues with the Northern Ireland Protocol are dealt with; meaning the Assembly cannot continue its business and a <a href="/wiki/Executive_of_the_7th_Northern_Ireland_Assembly" title="Executive of the 7th Northern Ireland Assembly">new Executive</a> cannot be formed. The DUP were condemned by other parties for their actions.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 2022, the DUP voted to support Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Boris_Johnson" title="Boris Johnson">Boris Johnson</a> in a confidence vote, making it the only party besides the Conservative Party to do so.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since the May 2022 election, the DUP has blocked the formation of a new Northern Ireland Assembly and Executive.<sup id="cite_ref-Independent13Feb23_99-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Independent13Feb23-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following the publication of the <a href="/wiki/Windsor_Framework" title="Windsor Framework">Windsor Framework</a>, the DUP signalled opposition to the agreement.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The party formed a panel to form a report on the plan, members included; <a href="/wiki/Arlene_Foster" title="Arlene Foster">Arlene Foster</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Robinson_(Northern_Ireland_politician)" title="Peter Robinson (Northern Ireland politician)">Peter Robinson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carla_Lockhart" title="Carla Lockhart">Carla Lockhart</a>, <a href="/wiki/William_Weir,_3rd_Viscount_Weir" title="William Weir, 3rd Viscount Weir">Lord Weir</a>, Ross Reed, John McBurney, <a href="/wiki/Brian_Kingston" title="Brian Kingston">Brian Kingston</a> and <a href="/wiki/Deborah_Erskine" title="Deborah Erskine">Deborah Erskine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/David_Kerr_(Northern_Irish_politician)" title="David Kerr (Northern Irish politician)">David Kerr</a>, the former <a href="/wiki/Ulster_Unionist_Party" title="Ulster Unionist Party">UUP</a> adviser to former First Minister <a href="/wiki/David_Trimble" title="David Trimble">David Trimble</a>, has warned that DUP leadership risks splitting the party over its continued opposition to power sharing.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/2023_Northern_Ireland_local_elections" title="2023 Northern Ireland local elections">2023 Northern Ireland local elections</a>, the DUP was overtaken by the <a href="/wiki/Sinn_Fein" class="mw-redirect" title="Sinn Fein">Sinn Fein</a> as the largest party. While the DUP maintained its 122 seats, the Sinn Fein was able to win 39 new seats to jump to 144 seats. After the election, Chris Heaton-Harris called for the party to end the boycott of Sinn Féin and work alongside the party.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During Donaldson's leadership, the DUP has developed a 5-point plan "to build a better Northern Ireland within the Union", this includes "supporting and boosting [the] <a href="/wiki/Health_and_Social_Care_(Northern_Ireland)" title="Health and Social Care (Northern Ireland)">National Health Service</a>, growing [the] economy and creating jobs, tackling the <a href="/wiki/Cost_of_living_crisis_(UK)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cost of living crisis (UK)">cost of living crisis</a>, securing a better <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Education in Northern Ireland">education system</a> and negotiating the removal of the <a href="/wiki/Irish_Sea_border" title="Irish Sea border">Irish Sea Border</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 29 January 2024, an urgent meeting of the DUP executive was called following the passing over the deadline to restore power sharing at Stormont.<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Details of the meeting were reportedly leaked to the BBC.<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jeffrey Donaldson revealed in the morning that his party would return to Stormont.<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/2024_Northern_Ireland_Executive_formation" title="2024 Northern Ireland Executive formation">Northern Ireland Executive formation</a> ended 23 months of stalemate.<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Donaldson resigned as leader on 29 March 2024 after being charged with historical sex offences.<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Gavin_Robinson" title="Gavin Robinson">Gavin Robinson</a> was named as interim leader.<sup id="cite_ref-auto2_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto2-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-auto_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Policies_and_views">Policies and views</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democratic_Unionist_Party&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Policies and views"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Unionism">Unionism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democratic_Unionist_Party&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Unionism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Democratic Unionist Party are <a href="/wiki/Ulster_unionists" class="mw-redirect" title="Ulster unionists">Ulster unionists</a>, which means that they support Northern Ireland remaining part of the United Kingdom and are opposed to a <a href="/wiki/United_Ireland" title="United Ireland">united Ireland</a>. The party sees itself as defending <a href="/wiki/Britishness" class="mw-redirect" title="Britishness">Britishness</a> and Ulster Protestant culture against <a href="/wiki/Irish_nationalism" title="Irish nationalism">Irish nationalism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Irish_republicanism" title="Irish republicanism">republicanism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-britishness1_110-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-britishness1-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-britishness2_111-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-britishness2-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It supports marching rights for the loyalist <a href="/wiki/Orange_Order" title="Orange Order">Orange Order</a>, which many DUP members are members of;<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it is also in favour of <a href="/wiki/Belfast_City_Hall_flag_protests" title="Belfast City Hall flag protests">flying the British Union Flag from government buildings</a> all year round. The DUP assert that "<a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Ireland" title="Culture of Ireland">Irish</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gaels" title="Gaels">Gaelic</a> culture should not be allowed to dominate funding" in Northern Ireland<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and have blocked proposed laws that would promote and protect the <a href="/wiki/Irish_language" title="Irish language">Irish language</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The DUP are staunch supporters of the British security forces and their role in the Northern Ireland conflict. The party wants to prevent British soldiers and police officers from being prosecuted for killings committed during the conflict.<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ulster_loyalism">Ulster loyalism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democratic_Unionist_Party&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Ulster loyalism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The party has also been described as <a href="/wiki/Right-wing_populist" class="mw-redirect" title="Right-wing populist">right-wing populist</a><sup id="cite_ref-Ingle156_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ingle156-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and containing some extremist tendencies.<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is linked to the <a href="/wiki/Ulster_loyalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Ulster loyalist">Ulster loyalist</a> faction of unionism, which has been identified as a form of <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_nationalism" title="Ethnic nationalism">ethnic nationalism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The DUP was endorsed in the 2017 general election by the <a href="/wiki/Loyalist_Communities_Council" title="Loyalist Communities Council">Loyalist Communities Council</a>, an umbrella group of loyalist paramilitary groups, which are <a href="/wiki/Terrorism_Act_2000" title="Terrorism Act 2000">proscribed terrorist organisations</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the party leadership strongly rejected the endorsement,<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with party leader Arlene Foster stating: "We did not seek that statement, we did not seek endorsement from any paramilitary organisation and indeed I fundamentally reject an endorsement from anyone that's involved with paramilitarism or criminality."<sup id="cite_ref-NewsLetter7June_123-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NewsLetter7June-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Euroscepticism_and_foreign_policy">Euroscepticism and foreign policy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democratic_Unionist_Party&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Euroscepticism and foreign policy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The DUP is a <a href="/wiki/Eurosceptic" class="mw-redirect" title="Eurosceptic">Eurosceptic</a> party that supported the UK's withdrawal from the European Union in the 2016 Brexit referendum and was the only party in the Stormont power executive to campaign for leave.<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The party opposes a <a href="/wiki/Hard_Irish_border" class="mw-redirect" title="Hard Irish border">hard Irish border</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-The_Party_Politics_of_Euroscepticism_125-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Party_Politics_of_Euroscepticism-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Hughes_126-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hughes-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and wishes to maintain the <a href="/wiki/Common_Travel_Area" title="Common Travel Area">Common Travel Area</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Syal_127-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syal-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Speaking as a member of the <a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Parliament</a> in 1991, then leader Ian Paisley set out the DUP's Eurosceptic position: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>I wish to have no part whatsoever in the rebuilding of this <a href="/wiki/Tower_of_Babel" title="Tower of Babel">Tower of Babel</a>. God Almighty cursed and confounded that tower very long ago and no sensible person wants to make bricks without straw to rebuild such a monstrosity. I believe there is a way forward for Europe. The true future of the nations of Europe lies in co-operation and not in incorporation; in unity, but not in uniformity; in national sovereignty, not in international submergence, and in a family of nations, not in a <a href="/wiki/Federalisation_of_the_European_Union" title="Federalisation of the European Union">federation of nations</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-PRONI2d91_128-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PRONI2d91-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Later in 1991, speaking at the DUP annual conference Paisley compared <a href="/wiki/Chancellor_of_Germany" title="Chancellor of Germany">Chancellor of Germany</a> <a href="/wiki/Helmut_Kohl" title="Helmut Kohl">Helmut Kohl</a> to <a href="/wiki/Kaiser_Wilhelm_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaiser Wilhelm II">Kaiser Wilhelm II</a> and <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-PRONI2d91_128-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PRONI2d91-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/East_Antrim_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="East Antrim (UK Parliament constituency)">East Antrim</a> MP Sammy Wilson caused controversy in March 2016 during a <i><a href="/wiki/BBC_Spotlight" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC Spotlight">BBC Spotlight</a></i> episode discussing the implications of the EU referendum, when he was recorded agreeing with a member of the public who said that they wanted to leave the European Union and "get the ethnics out". Wilson stated "You are absolutely right". Wilson said he was agreeing with the desire to leave the European Union, not the "ethnics out" call. Wilson was criticised by the Polish consul in Northern Ireland and various other political parties.<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The DUP strongly opposed the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_backstop" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Ireland backstop">Northern Ireland backstop</a> in 2019<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> seeing it as weakening Northern Ireland's place within the United Kingdom,<sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and this opposition was regarded by a number of commentators as the main reason why the withdrawal agreement was <a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_votes_on_Brexit" title="Parliamentary votes on Brexit">not ratified</a> by the Parliament of the United Kingdom before 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During most of the May government, the DUP said the Northern Ireland backstop must be removed from the <a href="/wiki/Brexit_withdrawal_agreement" title="Brexit withdrawal agreement">Brexit withdrawal agreement</a> for continued support of <a href="/wiki/Theresa_May" title="Theresa May">Theresa May</a>'s government in the House of Commons through the confidence and supply deal,<sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although the party said that it was open to a time limit on the backstop.<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The DUP voted "No" in all three meaningful votes on the EU Withdrawal Agreement negotiated by Theresa May.<sup id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The DUP are strongly supportive of <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2011, the DUP abstained on <a href="/wiki/2011_military_intervention_in_Libya" title="2011 military intervention in Libya">military intervention in Libya</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The DUP opposed the British government's proposed military intervention against <a href="/wiki/Bashar_al-Assad" title="Bashar al-Assad">Bashar al-Assad</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Syrian_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Syrian Civil War">Syrian Civil War</a> in 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the DUP supported military action against <a href="/wiki/Islamic_State" title="Islamic State">Islamic State</a> targets in Syria in 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-142" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="LGBT_rights">LGBT rights</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democratic_Unionist_Party&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: LGBT rights"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The DUP is <a href="/wiki/Socially_conservative" class="mw-redirect" title="Socially conservative">socially conservative</a> and has strong links to the <a href="/wiki/Free_Presbyterian_Church_of_Ulster" title="Free Presbyterian Church of Ulster">Free Presbyterian Church of Ulster</a>, the small church founded by the party's founder Ian Paisley. The vast majority of DUP members are <a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Christians" class="mw-redirect" title="Evangelical Christians">evangelical Christians</a> and, on average, 65% of its representatives since the party was founded have been Free Presbyterians.<sup id="cite_ref-143" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The party also has links with the <a href="/wiki/Caleb_Foundation" title="Caleb Foundation">Caleb Foundation</a>, a Protestant fundamentalist pressure group.<sup id="cite_ref-144" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-144"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The DUP has opposed <a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Northern_Ireland" title="LGBT rights in Northern Ireland">LGBT rights in Northern Ireland</a>. Party leaders—as well as many prominent party members—have condemned homosexuality, and a 2014 survey found that two-thirds of party members believe homosexuality is wrong.<sup id="cite_ref-145" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Opposition_to_LGBT_rights_legislation">Opposition to LGBT rights legislation</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democratic_Unionist_Party&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Opposition to LGBT rights legislation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The DUP campaigned against the legalisation of homosexual acts, which it believed to be a "harmful deviance" linked to paedophilia, in Northern Ireland through the "<a href="/wiki/Save_Ulster_from_Sodomy" title="Save Ulster from Sodomy">Save Ulster from Sodomy</a>" campaign between 1977 and 1982.<sup id="cite_ref-146" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-146"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Labour government elected in 1997 sought to <a href="/wiki/Premiership_of_Tony_Blair#Domestic_politics" title="Premiership of Tony Blair">reform the law to extend LGBT rights</a>. The DUP consistently voted against the Labour government, including by voting against reducing of the age of consent for gay sex from 18 to 16 in June 1998<sup id="cite_ref-147" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (and again in February 2000<sup id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), against a motion for a gender-neutral Civil Registration Bill in October 2001,<sup id="cite_ref-149" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-149"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> against allowing unmarried gay and straight couples to adopt children in November 2002,<sup id="cite_ref-150" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-150"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>150<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> against the <a href="/wiki/Gender_Recognition_Act_2004" title="Gender Recognition Act 2004">Gender Recognition Bill 2004</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-151" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-151"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>151<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-152" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-152"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>152<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> against the <a href="/wiki/Civil_Partnership_Act_2004" title="Civil Partnership Act 2004">Civil Partnership Act 2004</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-153" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-153"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>153<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for an amendment opposing the <a href="/wiki/Equality_Act_(Sexual_Orientation)_Regulations_2007" title="Equality Act (Sexual Orientation) Regulations 2007">Equality Act (Sexual Orientation) Regulations 2007</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-154" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-154"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>154<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and against same-sex female couples and single mothers accessing <a href="/wiki/In_vitro_fertilisation" title="In vitro fertilisation">in vitro fertilisation</a> in January 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-155" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-155"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>155<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The party vetoed the legalisation of same-sex marriage in Northern Ireland from 2015 onwards, which for a time made Northern Ireland the only region of the UK where same-sex marriage was not permitted,<sup id="cite_ref-SSM_156-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SSM-156"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>156<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> prior to the passage of the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_(Executive_Formation_etc)_Act_2019" title="Northern Ireland (Executive Formation etc) Act 2019">Northern Ireland (Executive Formation etc) Act 2019</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_157-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-157"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>157<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-158" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-158"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Former DUP minister Jim Wells called the issue a <a href="/wiki/Red_line_(phrase)" title="Red line (phrase)">"red line"</a> for power-sharing talks, adding that "Peter will not marry Paul in Northern Ireland".<sup id="cite_ref-159" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-159"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>159<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In August 2012, in the wake of a council debate on same-sex marriage, Magherafelt DUP councillor Paul McClean called for homosexuality to be made illegal again in Northern Ireland. In response, the DUP reiterated their support for the "current definition of marriage", but did not comment with regard to outlawing homosexuality.<sup id="cite_ref-160" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-160"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>160<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> McClean repeated his comments in April 2015,<sup id="cite_ref-161" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-161"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>161<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a few days later, DUP leader Peter Robinson said that McClean was "entitled to that opinion", and that if homosexuality was illegal, he would "hope that people would obey the law".<sup id="cite_ref-162" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-162"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>162<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The party attempted to introduce a "conscience clause" into law in Northern Ireland, which would let businesses refuse to provide a service if it went against their religious beliefs. This came after a Christian-owned bakery was taken to court for refusing to make a cake bearing a pro-gay marriage slogan. Opponents argued that the clause would allow discrimination against LGBT people.<sup id="cite_ref-163" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-163"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>163<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Homosexuality_'cure'_and_conversion_therapy_controversies"><span id="Homosexuality_.27cure.27_and_conversion_therapy_controversies"></span>Homosexuality 'cure' and conversion therapy controversies</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democratic_Unionist_Party&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Homosexuality 'cure' and conversion therapy controversies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Iris_Robinson#Comments_about_homosexuality" title="Iris Robinson">Iris Robinson § Comments about homosexuality</a></div> <p>In June 2008, Iris Robinson, commenting on a homophobic assault, offered to refer homosexuals to psychiatric counselling, suggesting it could "cure" him of his homosexuality. Although she condemned the attack, she called homosexuality an "abomination" that made her feel "sick" and "nauseous". In July, Robinson stated in Parliament that homosexuality was "viler" than child sex abuse, adding she felt "totally repulsed by both".<sup id="cite_ref-:1_164-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-164"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>164<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a subsequent statement that same day, however, she said that she had "clearly intended to say that child abuse was even worse than homosexuality and sodomy". Her remarks were widely condemned by other parties and by the Northern Ireland Gay Rights Association,<sup id="cite_ref-:1_164-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-164"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>164<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with SDLP MP Alasdair McDonnell saying her comments "create space for all sorts of homophobic attacks".<sup id="cite_ref-165" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-165"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>165<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In November 2015, the DUP deputy mayor of <a href="/wiki/Derry_City_and_Strabane_District_Council" title="Derry City and Strabane District Council">Derry and Strabane</a>, Thomas Kerrigan, suggested that homosexuality could be "cured" through prayer, suggesting that young people not attending church left themselves open to lifestyles such as "being gay", drinking, or taking drugs. Kerrigan's remarks attracted condemnation from the Rainbow Project and from Bebe Johnston, the mother of a gay man from Derry who died by suicide. While the DUP indicated Kerrigan's remarks were not party policy, they stated "party members may hold personal views on this matter".<sup id="cite_ref-166" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-166"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>166<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Internal_dissent_on_LGBT_issues">Internal dissent on LGBT issues</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democratic_Unionist_Party&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Internal dissent on LGBT issues"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In recent years, the party has become more split on the issue of LGBT rights with some DUP members moderating their opinions on the matter. In 2021, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i> claimed that Arlene Foster softening her stance on LGBT issues was a contributing factor in her resignation as leader.<sup id="cite_ref-167" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-167"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>167<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-168" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-168"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>168<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In July 2021, deputy leader <a href="/wiki/Paula_Bradley" title="Paula Bradley">Paula Bradley</a> expressed an apology for the "absolutely atrocious" statements made by the party's politicians about LGBT people and added "there have been some very hurtful comments and some language that really should not have been used.”.<sup id="cite_ref-169" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-169"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>169<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Her apology was supported by DUP leader Jeffrey Donaldson.<sup id="cite_ref-170" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-170"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>170<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In September 2021, Donaldson met with the Rainbow Project, the first official meeting between a DUP leader and an LGBT group.<sup id="cite_ref-171" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-171"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>171<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, the efforts of leading DUP figures to moderate the party's position has faced resistance. In 2019, following the selection of Alison Bennington, the DUP's first openly LGBT candidate (who would later be elected as a councillor), Ballymoney DUP alderman John Finlay issued a complaint to DUP party officers, stating his "deep concern" at "the decision to select an openly gay candidate", remarking that "Dr. Paisley must be turning in his grave".<sup id="cite_ref-172" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-172"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>172<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Abortion">Abortion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democratic_Unionist_Party&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Abortion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Party members have campaigned strongly against any extension of abortion rights to Northern Ireland, unanimously opposing a bill by <a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> MP <a href="/wiki/Diana_Johnson" title="Diana Johnson">Diana Johnson</a> to protect women in <a href="/wiki/England_and_Wales" title="England and Wales">England and Wales</a> from criminal prosecution if they ended a pregnancy using pills bought online.<sup id="cite_ref-Syal_127-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syal-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-O'Brien_173-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-O'Brien-173"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>173<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They have opposed extra funding for international <a href="/wiki/Family_planning" title="Family planning">family planning</a> programmes.<sup id="cite_ref-O'Brien_173-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-O'Brien-173"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>173<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Economic_and_fiscal_policies">Economic and fiscal policies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democratic_Unionist_Party&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Economic and fiscal policies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The DUP is in favour of keeping the <a href="/wiki/State_Pension_(United_Kingdom)#Pensions_Act_2007" title="State Pension (United Kingdom)">"triple lock" for pensions</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Hughes_126-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hughes-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/Winter_Fuel_Payment" title="Winter Fuel Payment">Winter Fuel Allowance</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Syal_127-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Syal-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and greater spending in Northern Ireland for services such as health.<sup id="cite_ref-174" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-174"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>174<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The DUP revived calls for a <a href="/wiki/Proposed_British_Isles_fixed_sea_link_connections" title="Proposed British Isles fixed sea link connections">25-mile sea bridge</a> to link Northern Ireland with Scotland.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="Your explanation here (February 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>To address the <a href="/wiki/Cost_of_living_crisis_(UK)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cost of living crisis (UK)">cost of living crisis</a>, in the <a href="/wiki/2022_Northern_Ireland_Assembly_election" title="2022 Northern Ireland Assembly election">May 2022 Assembly Election</a> the DUP supported a <a href="/wiki/Windfall_tax_(United_Kingdom)" title="Windfall tax (United Kingdom)">windfall tax</a> on energy firms, and an energy support payment "to support hard-pressed families."<sup id="cite_ref-175" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-175"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>175<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The party has been described as "a right-wing party in terms of social issues, but left-of-centre on economic issues."<sup id="cite_ref-176" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-176"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>176<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Social_policy">Social policy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democratic_Unionist_Party&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Social policy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some DUP politicians have called for <a href="/wiki/Creation_and_evolution_in_public_education" title="Creation and evolution in public education">creationism to be taught in state schools</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-creationism_177-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-creationism-177"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>177<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-178" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-178"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>178<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Creationist_museum" title="Creationist museum">for museums to include creationism in their exhibits</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-179" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-179"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>179<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-180" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-180"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>180<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2007, a DUP spokesman confirmed that these views were in line with party policy.<sup id="cite_ref-creationism_177-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-creationism-177"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>177<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2011, the DUP called for a debate in the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons" title="House of Commons">House of Commons</a> over bringing back the <a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Capital punishment in the United Kingdom">death penalty</a> for some serious crimes such as murder or rape.<sup id="cite_ref-181" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-181"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>181<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Associations_with_loyalist_paramilitaries">Associations with loyalist paramilitaries</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democratic_Unionist_Party&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Associations with loyalist paramilitaries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Ulster_Resistance" title="Ulster Resistance">Ulster Resistance</a> and <a href="/wiki/Third_Force_(Northern_Ireland)" title="Third Force (Northern Ireland)">Third Force (Northern Ireland)</a></div> <p>Though the party has never had official links to any major paramilitary organisation in Northern Ireland, multiple DUP members have had associations with loyalist groups, or expressed support for their actions, particularly during the Troubles. In 1972, <a href="/wiki/William_McCrea,_Baron_McCrea_of_Magherafelt_and_Cookstown" title="William McCrea, Baron McCrea of Magherafelt and Cookstown">William McCrea</a> issued a press statement, saying, "We call on all Loyalists to give their continued support to the <a href="/wiki/Ulster_Defence_Association" title="Ulster Defence Association">Ulster Defence Association</a> as it seeks to ensure the safety of all law-abiding citizens against the bombs and bullets of the <a href="/wiki/Provisional_IRA" class="mw-redirect" title="Provisional IRA">IRA</a>. As the Catholic population have given their support to the IRA throughout this campaign of terror so must Loyalists grant unswerving support to those engaged in the cause of truth."<sup id="cite_ref-Steve_Bruce_2007_p._222_182-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Steve_Bruce_2007_p._222-182"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>182<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> McCrea became the DUP party chairman in February 1976.<sup id="cite_ref-183" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-183"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>183<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He and fellow DUP member <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Foster" title="Ivan Foster">Ivan Foster</a> conducted funerals for <a href="/wiki/Wesley_Somerville" title="Wesley Somerville">Wesley Somerville</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harris_Boyle" title="Harris Boyle">Harris Boyle</a>, two <a href="/wiki/Ulster_Volunteer_Force" title="Ulster Volunteer Force">UVF</a> members who were killed while carrying out the <a href="/wiki/Miami_Showband_killings" title="Miami Showband killings">Miami Showband killings</a> in 1975.<sup id="cite_ref-buspost_184-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-buspost-184"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>184<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Foster had given the graveside oration for Sinclair Johnston, a UVF member who was shot by police during rioting in Larne in 1972.<sup id="cite_ref-Steve_Bruce_2007_p._221_185-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Steve_Bruce_2007_p._221-185"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>185<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>McCrea also conducted the funeral service for Benjamin Redfern, a UDA member who was crushed while trying to escape the <a href="/wiki/Maze_Prison" class="mw-redirect" title="Maze Prison">Maze Prison</a> in a bin lorry in 1984. Redfern was serving a life sentence for the murder of two Catholics.<sup id="cite_ref-Steve_Bruce_2007_p._221_185-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Steve_Bruce_2007_p._221-185"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>185<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1996, <a href="/wiki/Billy_Wright_(loyalist)" title="Billy Wright (loyalist)">Billy Wright</a>, a former UVF member who had founded the breakaway <a href="/wiki/Loyalist_Volunteer_Force" title="Loyalist Volunteer Force">Loyalist Volunteer Force</a>, organised a rally in defence of 'free speech'. McCrea accepted an invitation to address the meeting.<sup id="cite_ref-Steve_Bruce_2007_p._222_182-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Steve_Bruce_2007_p._222-182"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>182<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Omagh businessman <a href="/wiki/Eddie_Sayers" title="Eddie Sayers">Eddie Sayers</a> stood as a DUP candidate in the <a href="/wiki/1973_Northern_Ireland_Assembly_election" title="1973 Northern Ireland Assembly election">1973 Northern Ireland Assembly election</a> for the constituency of <a href="/wiki/Mid_Ulster_(Assembly_constituency)" title="Mid Ulster (Assembly constituency)">Mid Ulster</a>, but was not elected. He later became active in the UDA, and was appointed Brigadier for its Mid Ulster Brigade.<sup id="cite_ref-Steve_Bruce_2007_p._225_186-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Steve_Bruce_2007_p._225-186"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>186<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bangor DUP councillor Billy Baxter was arrested in 1993 and convicted for soliciting funds for the UVF. He was subsequently expelled from the party.<sup id="cite_ref-Steve_Bruce_2007_p._225_186-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Steve_Bruce_2007_p._225-186"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>186<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 1994, DUP press officer <a href="/wiki/Sammy_Wilson_(politician)" title="Sammy Wilson (politician)">Sammy Wilson</a> and DUP deputy leader <a href="/wiki/Peter_Robinson_(Northern_Ireland_politician)" title="Peter Robinson (Northern Ireland politician)">Peter Robinson</a> were pallbearers at the funeral of UDA member <a href="/wiki/Ray_Smallwoods" title="Ray Smallwoods">Ray Smallwoods</a>, who served half of a 15-year sentence for the attempted murder of <a href="/wiki/Bernadette_McAliskey" class="mw-redirect" title="Bernadette McAliskey">Bernadette McAliskey</a> in 1981.<sup id="cite_ref-187" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-187"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>187<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That same year, the UDA drafted a document – the ‘Doomsday scenario’ – which declared that in the event of a British withdrawal from Northern Ireland, the organisation's aim would be to "establish an ethnic Protestant homeland" within which the Catholic population would be "expelled, nullified or interned." Wilson praised the document, describing it as a "very valuable return to reality" which "shows that some loyalist paramilitaries are looking ahead and contemplating what needs to be done to maintain our separate Ulster identity".<sup id="cite_ref-Wood_184-185_45-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wood_184-185-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2006, <a href="/wiki/George_Seawright" title="George Seawright">George Seawright</a> was listed by the UVF as one of its members killed during the Troubles.<sup id="cite_ref-bbc-seawright-was-in-uvf_188-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc-seawright-was-in-uvf-188"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>188<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Seawright was elected a DUP Belfast City Councillor in 1981, and a DUP candidate in the <a href="/wiki/1982_Northern_Ireland_Assembly_election" title="1982 Northern Ireland Assembly election">1982 Northern Ireland Assembly election</a>, though he was expelled from the party in 1984. His election agent was UVF leader <a href="/wiki/John_Bingham_(loyalist)" title="John Bingham (loyalist)">John Bingham</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-189" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-189"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>189<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Former UVF member John Smyth, who was jailed for his activities in the 1970s, was a DUP councillor on the Antrim Borough Council for over a decade.<sup id="cite_ref-190" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-190"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>190<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2014, <a href="/wiki/Billy_Hutchinson" title="Billy Hutchinson">Billy Hutchinson</a>, a former member of the UVF who was convicted of murder in 1974, said that "most UVF men are DUP supporters, or those who vote anyway".<sup id="cite_ref-191" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-191"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>191<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2023, DUP councillor and former <a href="/wiki/Lisburn_City_Council" title="Lisburn City Council">Mayor of Lisburn</a> Paul Porter took part in a march to mark the 25th anniversary of the shooting dead of UDA member Jim Guiney by the INLA. The march was criticised by Marian Walsh, whose 17-year-old son Damien was murdered by the UDA in 1993.<sup id="cite_ref-192" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-192"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>192<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2023, Tyler Hoey was selected as a DUP candidate to contest the <a href="/wiki/Mid_and_East_Antrim_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Mid and East Antrim Council">Mid and East Antrim Council</a> elections. In 2020, Hoey 'liked' a <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a> post commemorating the <a href="/wiki/Greysteel_massacre" title="Greysteel massacre">Greysteel massacre</a>, which stated, "On this day 27 years ago, An Ulster Freedom Fighters Active Service Unit from North Antrim-Londonderry Brigade 'Trick or Treated' its way into the republican Rising Sun bar in Greysteel in order to gain revenge for the Shankill Bombing. Spirit of '93".<sup id="cite_ref-193" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-193"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>193<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following this revelation, DUP leader <a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Donaldson" title="Jeffrey Donaldson">Jeffrey Donaldson</a> said that Hoey "deeply regrets some of the things that he said in the past" and that he is "entitled to a second chance."<sup id="cite_ref-194" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-194"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>194<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Leadership">Leadership</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democratic_Unionist_Party&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Leadership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Founder Ian Paisley led the party from its foundation in 1971 onwards, and retired as leader of the party in spring 2008. </p><p>Paisley was replaced by former deputy leader Peter Robinson on 31 May 2008, who in turn was replaced by Arlene Foster on 17 December 2015. </p><p>Foster announced in April 2021 that she would stand down as leader on 28 May 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC280421_83-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC280421-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Edwin Poots won the subsequent leadership election (the first in the party's history), against Sir Jeffrey Donaldson, however he stepped down after just 20 days in office and was replaced as leader by Donaldson on 26 June 2021. Donaldson resigned with immediate effect on 29 March 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-195" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-195"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>195<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result of Donaldson's resignation, deputy leader <a href="/wiki/Gavin_Robinson" title="Gavin Robinson">Gavin Robinson</a> became the party's acting leader the same day. Following the announcement on 22 May 2024 that the <a href="/wiki/2024_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2024 United Kingdom general election">2024 United Kingdom general election</a> would be held on 4 July, Robinson's leadership of the DUP was confirmed by the party executive on 29 May 2024 without a contested leadership election.<sup id="cite_ref-196" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-196"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>196<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Party_leader">Party leader</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democratic_Unionist_Party&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Party leader"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The following are the terms of office as party leader and as First Minister of Northern Ireland: </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th>Leader </th> <th>Tenure </th> <th>Constituency </th> <th><a href="/wiki/First_Minister_and_deputy_First_Minister_of_Northern_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="First Minister and deputy First Minister of Northern Ireland">First/deputy First Minister of Northern Ireland</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DrIanPaisley.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/DrIanPaisley.jpg/100px-DrIanPaisley.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/DrIanPaisley.jpg/150px-DrIanPaisley.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/DrIanPaisley.jpg/200px-DrIanPaisley.jpg 2x" data-file-width="569" data-file-height="758" /></a></span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">The Rev Rt. Hon</span> <a href="/wiki/Ian_Paisley" title="Ian Paisley">Ian Paisley</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">30 September 1971 –<br />31 May 2008 </td> <td rowspan="2">MP for <a href="/wiki/Bannside" class="mw-redirect" title="Bannside">Bannside</a><sup id="cite_ref-197" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-197"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1970–1972)</span><br />MP for North Antrim <span style="font-size:85%;">(1970–2010)</span><br />MEP for <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_(European_Parliament_constituency)" title="Northern Ireland (European Parliament constituency)">Northern Ireland</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1979–2004)</span><br />MLA for <a href="/wiki/North_Antrim_(Assembly_constituency)" title="North Antrim (Assembly constituency)">North Antrim</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1998–2011)</span> </td> <td height="50px">N/A </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><b>Himself</b></i><br /><span style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/2007_Northern_Ireland_Assembly_election" title="2007 Northern Ireland Assembly election">8 May 2007</a> –<br />5 June 2008<br />(<a href="/wiki/Executive_of_the_3rd_Northern_Ireland_Assembly" title="Executive of the 3rd Northern Ireland Assembly">2nd Executive</a>)</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Peter_Robinson_headshot,_2011.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Peter_Robinson_headshot%2C_2011.jpg/100px-Peter_Robinson_headshot%2C_2011.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Peter_Robinson_headshot%2C_2011.jpg/150px-Peter_Robinson_headshot%2C_2011.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Peter_Robinson_headshot%2C_2011.jpg/200px-Peter_Robinson_headshot%2C_2011.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1121" data-file-height="1494" /></a></span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">The Rt. Hon</span> <a href="/wiki/Peter_Robinson_(Northern_Ireland_politician)" title="Peter Robinson (Northern Ireland politician)">Peter Robinson</a> </td> <td>31 May 2008 –<br />17 December 2015 </td> <td>MP for <a href="/wiki/Belfast_East_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Belfast East (UK Parliament constituency)">Belfast East</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1979–2010)</span><br />MLA for <a href="/wiki/Belfast_East_(Assembly_constituency)" title="Belfast East (Assembly constituency)">Belfast East</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1998–2016)</span> </td> <td><i><b>Himself</b></i><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">5 June 2008 –<br />11 January 2016<br />(<a href="/wiki/Executive_of_the_3rd_Northern_Ireland_Assembly" title="Executive of the 3rd Northern Ireland Assembly">2nd</a> and <a href="/wiki/Executive_of_the_4th_Northern_Ireland_Assembly" title="Executive of the 4th Northern Ireland Assembly">3rd Executive</a>)</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MLA_Arlene_Foster.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/MLA_Arlene_Foster.jpg/100px-MLA_Arlene_Foster.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/MLA_Arlene_Foster.jpg/150px-MLA_Arlene_Foster.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/MLA_Arlene_Foster.jpg/200px-MLA_Arlene_Foster.jpg 2x" data-file-width="469" data-file-height="604" /></a></span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">The Rt. Hon</span> <a href="/wiki/Arlene_Foster" title="Arlene Foster">Arlene Foster</a> </td> <td rowspan="3">17 December 2015 –<br />28 May 2021 </td> <td rowspan="3">MLA for <a href="/wiki/Fermanagh_and_South_Tyrone_(Assembly_constituency)" title="Fermanagh and South Tyrone (Assembly constituency)">Fermanagh and South Tyrone</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2003–2021)</span> </td> <td><i><b>Herself</b></i><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">11 January 2016 –<br />9 January 2017<br />(<a href="/wiki/Executive_of_the_5th_Northern_Ireland_Assembly" title="Executive of the 5th Northern Ireland Assembly">4th</a> and <a href="/wiki/Executive_of_the_6th_Northern_Ireland_Assembly" title="Executive of the 6th Northern Ireland Assembly">5th Executive</a>)</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Vacant</i><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">9 January 2017– 11 January 2020</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i><b>Herself</b></i><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">11 January 2020 –<br />14 June 2021<br />(<a href="/wiki/Executive_of_the_6th_Northern_Ireland_Assembly" title="Executive of the 6th Northern Ireland Assembly">5th Executive</a>)</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Edwin_Poots,_2013_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Edwin_Poots%2C_2013_%28cropped%29.jpg/100px-Edwin_Poots%2C_2013_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Edwin_Poots%2C_2013_%28cropped%29.jpg/150px-Edwin_Poots%2C_2013_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Edwin_Poots%2C_2013_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-Edwin_Poots%2C_2013_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="566" data-file-height="754" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Poots" title="Edwin Poots">Edwin Poots</a> </td> <td>28 May 2021 –<br />30 June 2021 </td> <td>MLA for <a href="/wiki/Lagan_Valley_(Assembly_constituency)" title="Lagan Valley (Assembly constituency)">Lagan Valley</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1998–2022)</span> </td> <td rowspan="2" height="175px"><b><a href="/wiki/Paul_Givan" title="Paul Givan">Paul Givan</a></b><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">17 June 2021<sup id="cite_ref-198" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-198"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>197<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> –<br />4 February 2022<sup id="cite_ref-199" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-199"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>198<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />(<a href="/wiki/Executive_of_the_6th_Northern_Ireland_Assembly" title="Executive of the 6th Northern Ireland Assembly">5th Executive</a>)</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Official_portrait_of_Sir_Jeffrey_M._Donaldson_crop_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Official_portrait_of_Sir_Jeffrey_M._Donaldson_crop_2.jpg/100px-Official_portrait_of_Sir_Jeffrey_M._Donaldson_crop_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Official_portrait_of_Sir_Jeffrey_M._Donaldson_crop_2.jpg/150px-Official_portrait_of_Sir_Jeffrey_M._Donaldson_crop_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Official_portrait_of_Sir_Jeffrey_M._Donaldson_crop_2.jpg/200px-Official_portrait_of_Sir_Jeffrey_M._Donaldson_crop_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1554" data-file-height="2072" /></a></span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">The Rt. Hon</span> <a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Donaldson" title="Jeffrey Donaldson">Jeffrey Donaldson</a> </td> <td rowspan="3">30 June 2021 –<br />29 March 2024 </td> <td rowspan="3">MP for <a href="/wiki/Lagan_Valley_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Lagan Valley (UK Parliament constituency)">Lagan Valley</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1997–2024)</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Vacant</i><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">4 February 2022 –<br />3 February 2024</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Emma_Little-Pengelly" title="Emma Little-Pengelly">Emma Little-Pengelly</a></b></span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">3 February 2024 –<br />present<br />(<a href="/wiki/Executive_of_the_7th_Northern_Ireland_Assembly" title="Executive of the 7th Northern Ireland Assembly">6th Executive</a>)</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Official_portrait_of_Gavin_Robinson_MP_crop_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Official_portrait_of_Gavin_Robinson_MP_crop_2.jpg/100px-Official_portrait_of_Gavin_Robinson_MP_crop_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Official_portrait_of_Gavin_Robinson_MP_crop_2.jpg/150px-Official_portrait_of_Gavin_Robinson_MP_crop_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Official_portrait_of_Gavin_Robinson_MP_crop_2.jpg/200px-Official_portrait_of_Gavin_Robinson_MP_crop_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span><br /><span style="font-size:85%;">The Rt. Hon</span> <a href="/wiki/Gavin_Robinson" title="Gavin Robinson">Gavin Robinson</a> </td> <td><span style="font-size:85%;">Acting: 29 March 2024 –<br />29 May 2024</span> </td> <td rowspan="2">MP for <a href="/wiki/Belfast_East_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Belfast East (UK Parliament constituency)">Belfast East</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2015–present)</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>29 May 2024 –<br />present </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Deputy_leader">Deputy leader</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democratic_Unionist_Party&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Deputy leader"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Name </th> <th>Period </th> <th>Constituency </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/William_Beattie_(politician)" title="William Beattie (politician)">William Beattie</a> </td> <td>30 September 1971 – 31 May 1980 </td> <td>MP for <a href="/wiki/South_Antrim_(Northern_Ireland_Parliament_constituency)" title="South Antrim (Northern Ireland Parliament constituency)">South Antrim</a> <small>(1970–72)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Peter_Robinson_(Northern_Ireland_politician)" title="Peter Robinson (Northern Ireland politician)">Peter Robinson</a> </td> <td>31 May 1980 – 31 May 2008 </td> <td>MP for Belfast East <small>(1979–2010)</small><br />MLA for Belfast East <small>(1998–2016)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Nigel_Dodds" title="Nigel Dodds">Nigel Dodds</a> </td> <td>31 May 2008 – 28 May 2021 </td> <td>MLA for <a href="/wiki/Belfast_North_(Assembly_constituency)" title="Belfast North (Assembly constituency)">Belfast North</a> <small>(1998–2010)</small><br />MP for <a href="/wiki/Belfast_North_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Belfast North (UK Parliament constituency)">Belfast North</a> <small>(2001–2019)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Paula_Bradley" title="Paula Bradley">Paula Bradley</a> </td> <td>28 May 2021 – 9 June 2023 </td> <td>MLA for Belfast North <small>(2011–2022)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gavin_Robinson" title="Gavin Robinson">Gavin Robinson</a> </td> <td>9 June 2023 – 28 May 2024 </td> <td>MP for Belfast East <small>(2015–2024)</small> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chairman">Chairman</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democratic_Unionist_Party&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Chairman"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Period </th> <th>Name </th></tr> <tr> <td>1971–1973 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Desmond_Boal" title="Desmond Boal">Desmond Boal</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1973–1980 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/William_Beattie_(politician)" title="William Beattie (politician)">William Beattie</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1981–2000 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/James_McClure_(Unionist_politician)" title="James McClure (Unionist politician)">James McClure</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2000–present </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Morrow" title="Maurice Morrow">Maurice Morrow</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="General_Secretary">General Secretary</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democratic_Unionist_Party&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: General Secretary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Period </th> <th>Name </th></tr> <tr> <td>1975–1979 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Peter_Robinson_(Northern_Ireland_politician)" title="Peter Robinson (Northern Ireland politician)">Peter Robinson</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1980–1983 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/William_Beattie_(politician)" title="William Beattie (politician)">William Beattie</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1983–1992 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alan_Kane_(politician)" title="Alan Kane (politician)">Alan Kane</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>1993–2008 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nigel_Dodds" title="Nigel Dodds">Nigel Dodds</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2008–present </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Michelle_McIlveen" title="Michelle McIlveen">Michelle McIlveen</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Northern_Ireland_Executive_Ministers">Northern Ireland Executive Ministers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democratic_Unionist_Party&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Northern Ireland Executive Ministers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Portfolio </th> <th>Name </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/First_Minister_and_deputy_First_Minister_of_Northern_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="First Minister and deputy First Minister of Northern Ireland">Deputy First Minister</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Emma_Little-Pengelly" title="Emma Little-Pengelly">Emma Little-Pengelly</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Junior_Minister_(Northern_Ireland)" title="Junior Minister (Northern Ireland)">Junior Minister</a> (nominated by Deputy First Minister) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pam_Cameron" title="Pam Cameron">Pam Cameron</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Communities" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister for Communities">Minister for Communities</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Lyons" title="Gordon Lyons">Gordon Lyons</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Education_minister" title="Education minister">Minister of Education</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paul_Givan" title="Paul Givan">Paul Givan</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Westminster">Westminster</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democratic_Unionist_Party&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Westminster"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Party leaders at Westminster</dt></dl> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Name </th> <th>Period </th> <th>Constituency </th></tr> <tr> <td>Ian Paisley </td> <td>1974–2008 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Antrim_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="North Antrim (UK Parliament constituency)">North Antrim</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Peter Robinson </td> <td>2008–2010 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Belfast_East_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Belfast East (UK Parliament constituency)">Belfast East</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Nigel Dodds </td> <td>2010–2019 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Belfast_North_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Belfast North (UK Parliament constituency)">Belfast North</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Jeffrey Donaldson </td> <td>2019–2024 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lagan_Valley_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Lagan Valley (UK Parliament constituency)">Lagan Valley</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gavin Robinson </td> <td>2024–present </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Belfast_East_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Belfast East (UK Parliament constituency)">Belfast East</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <dl><dt>Party Chief Whip at Westminster</dt></dl> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Name </th> <th>Period </th> <th>Constituency </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Donaldson" title="Jeffrey Donaldson">Jeffrey Donaldson</a> </td> <td>2015–2019 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lagan_Valley_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Lagan Valley (UK Parliament constituency)">Lagan Valley</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sammy_Wilson_(politician)" title="Sammy Wilson (politician)">Sammy Wilson</a> </td> <td>2019–2024 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/East_Antrim_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="East Antrim (UK Parliament constituency)">East Antrim</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><span class="anchor" id="Party_spokespersons_at_Westminster"></span> </p> <dl><dt>Party spokespersons at Westminster<sup id="cite_ref-200" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-200"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>199<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dt></dl> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Responsibility </th> <th>Spokesperson </th></tr> <tr> <td>Leader of the DUP and Spokesperson for <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Office" title="Northern Ireland Office">Northern Ireland</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gavin_Robinson" title="Gavin Robinson">Gavin Robinson</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Leader of the DUP in the House of Lords </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lord_Dodds_of_Duncairn" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Dodds of Duncairn">Lord Dodds of Duncairn</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Chief Whip and <a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_House_of_Commons" title="Leader of the House of Commons">Business in the House of Commons</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sammy_Wilson_(politician)" title="Sammy Wilson (politician)">Sammy Wilson</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Deputy Chief Whip<br />Spokesperson for <a href="/wiki/Department_for_Levelling_Up,_Housing_and_Communities" class="mw-redirect" title="Department for Levelling Up, Housing and Communities">Levelling Up, Housing and Communities</a><br />Spokesperson for <a href="/wiki/Department_for_Transport" title="Department for Transport">Transport</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ian_Paisley_Jr" title="Ian Paisley Jr">Ian Paisley Jr</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Spokesperson for <a href="/wiki/Department_for_International_Development" title="Department for International Development">International Development</a><br />Spokesperson for <a href="/wiki/Department_for_International_Trade" title="Department for International Trade">International Trade</a><br />Spokesperson for <a href="/wiki/Foreign_and_Commonwealth_Office" class="mw-redirect" title="Foreign and Commonwealth Office">Foreign Affairs</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gregory_Campbell_(politician)" title="Gregory Campbell (politician)">Gregory Campbell</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Spokesperson for the <a href="/wiki/HM_Treasury" title="HM Treasury">Economy</a><br />Spokesperson for <a href="/wiki/Department_for_Work_and_Pensions" title="Department for Work and Pensions">Work and Pensions</a><br />Spokesperson for <a href="/wiki/Department_for_Business,_Energy_and_Industrial_Strategy" title="Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy">Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paul_Girvan" title="Paul Girvan">Paul Girvan</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Spokesperson for <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)" title="Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)">Defence</a><br />Spokesperson for <a href="/wiki/Home_Office" title="Home Office">Home Affairs</a><br />Spokesperson for <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Justice_(United_Kingdom)" title="Ministry of Justice (United Kingdom)">Justice</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gavin_Robinson" title="Gavin Robinson">Gavin Robinson</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Spokesperson for <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Health_and_Social_Care" title="Department of Health and Social Care">Health and Social Care</a><br />Spokesperson for <a href="/wiki/Department_for_Education" title="Department for Education">Education</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jim_Shannon" title="Jim Shannon">Jim Shannon</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Spokesperson for <a href="/wiki/Government_Equalities_Office" class="mw-redirect" title="Government Equalities Office">Equality</a><br />Spokesperson for <a href="/wiki/Department_for_Environment,_Food_and_Rural_Affairs" title="Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs">Environment, Food and Rural Affairs</a><br />PPS to the Leader of the DUP </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Carla_Lockhart" title="Carla Lockhart">Carla Lockhart</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Representatives">Representatives</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democratic_Unionist_Party&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Representatives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom">Parliament of the United Kingdom</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democratic_Unionist_Party&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Parliament of the United Kingdom"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Members of the House of Commons</b> </p><p>All members listed below as elected in <a href="/wiki/2024_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2024 United Kingdom general election">2024</a>. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Portrait </th> <th>Name </th> <th>Constituency </th> <th>Elected </th> <th>Notes<sup id="cite_ref-201" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-201"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gregory_Campbell_2011.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Gregory_Campbell_2011.jpg/90px-Gregory_Campbell_2011.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Gregory_Campbell_2011.jpg/135px-Gregory_Campbell_2011.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Gregory_Campbell_2011.jpg/180px-Gregory_Campbell_2011.jpg 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="480" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gregory_Campbell_(politician)" title="Gregory Campbell (politician)">Gregory Campbell</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/East_Londonderry_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="East Londonderry (UK Parliament constituency)">East Londonderry</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2001_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2001 United Kingdom general election">2001</a> </td> <td>DUP spokesperson for <a href="/wiki/Foreign,_Commonwealth_and_Development_Office" title="Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office">International Development</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Official_portrait_of_Carla_Lockhart_MP_crop_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Official_portrait_of_Carla_Lockhart_MP_crop_2.jpg/90px-Official_portrait_of_Carla_Lockhart_MP_crop_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Official_portrait_of_Carla_Lockhart_MP_crop_2.jpg/135px-Official_portrait_of_Carla_Lockhart_MP_crop_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Official_portrait_of_Carla_Lockhart_MP_crop_2.jpg/180px-Official_portrait_of_Carla_Lockhart_MP_crop_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Carla_Lockhart" title="Carla Lockhart">Carla Lockhart</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Upper_Bann_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Upper Bann (UK Parliament constituency)">Upper Bann</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2019_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2019 United Kingdom general election">2019</a> </td> <td>DUP spokesperson for <a href="/wiki/Government_Equalities_Office" class="mw-redirect" title="Government Equalities Office">Equality</a> and <a href="/wiki/Department_for_Environment,_Food_and_Rural_Affairs" title="Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs">Environment, Food & Rural Affairs</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Official_portrait_of_Gavin_Robinson_MP_crop_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Official_portrait_of_Gavin_Robinson_MP_crop_2.jpg/90px-Official_portrait_of_Gavin_Robinson_MP_crop_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Official_portrait_of_Gavin_Robinson_MP_crop_2.jpg/135px-Official_portrait_of_Gavin_Robinson_MP_crop_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Official_portrait_of_Gavin_Robinson_MP_crop_2.jpg/180px-Official_portrait_of_Gavin_Robinson_MP_crop_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gavin_Robinson" title="Gavin Robinson">Gavin Robinson</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Belfast_East_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Belfast East (UK Parliament constituency)">Belfast East</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2015_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2015 United Kingdom general election">2015</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Democratic_Unionist_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Leader of the Democratic Unionist Party">Leader of the Democratic Unionist Party</a> <p>DUP spokesperson for <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)" title="Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)">Defence</a> and <a href="/wiki/Home_Office" title="Home Office">Home Affairs</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Official_portrait_of_Jim_Shannon_MP_crop_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Official_portrait_of_Jim_Shannon_MP_crop_2.jpg/90px-Official_portrait_of_Jim_Shannon_MP_crop_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Official_portrait_of_Jim_Shannon_MP_crop_2.jpg/135px-Official_portrait_of_Jim_Shannon_MP_crop_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Official_portrait_of_Jim_Shannon_MP_crop_2.jpg/180px-Official_portrait_of_Jim_Shannon_MP_crop_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jim_Shannon" title="Jim Shannon">Jim Shannon</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Strangford_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Strangford (UK Parliament constituency)">Strangford</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2010_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2010 United Kingdom general election">2010</a> </td> <td>DUP spokesperson for <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Health_and_Social_Care" title="Department of Health and Social Care">Health</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Official_portrait_of_Sammy_Wilson_crop_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Official_portrait_of_Sammy_Wilson_crop_2.jpg/90px-Official_portrait_of_Sammy_Wilson_crop_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Official_portrait_of_Sammy_Wilson_crop_2.jpg/135px-Official_portrait_of_Sammy_Wilson_crop_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Official_portrait_of_Sammy_Wilson_crop_2.jpg/180px-Official_portrait_of_Sammy_Wilson_crop_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1554" data-file-height="2072" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sammy_Wilson_(politician)" title="Sammy Wilson (politician)">Sammy Wilson</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/East_Antrim_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="East Antrim (UK Parliament constituency)">East Antrim</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2005_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2005 United Kingdom general election">2005</a> </td> <td><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Westminster">DUP Chief Whip in the House of Commons</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Members of the House of Lords</b> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Portrait </th> <th>Name </th> <th>Since </th> <th>Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Official_portrait_of_Lord_Browne_of_Belmont_crop_2,_2022.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Official_portrait_of_Lord_Browne_of_Belmont_crop_2%2C_2022.jpg/90px-Official_portrait_of_Lord_Browne_of_Belmont_crop_2%2C_2022.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Official_portrait_of_Lord_Browne_of_Belmont_crop_2%2C_2022.jpg/135px-Official_portrait_of_Lord_Browne_of_Belmont_crop_2%2C_2022.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Official_portrait_of_Lord_Browne_of_Belmont_crop_2%2C_2022.jpg/180px-Official_portrait_of_Lord_Browne_of_Belmont_crop_2%2C_2022.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wallace_Browne,_Baron_Browne_of_Belmont" title="Wallace Browne, Baron Browne of Belmont">The Lord Browne of Belmont</a> </td> <td>2006 </td> <td>Former MLA for <a href="/wiki/East_Belfast_(Assembly_constituency)" class="mw-redirect" title="East Belfast (Assembly constituency)">East Belfast</a> (2007–2011) </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Official_portrait_of_Lord_Hay_of_Ballyore_crop_2,_2022.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Official_portrait_of_Lord_Hay_of_Ballyore_crop_2%2C_2022.jpg/90px-Official_portrait_of_Lord_Hay_of_Ballyore_crop_2%2C_2022.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Official_portrait_of_Lord_Hay_of_Ballyore_crop_2%2C_2022.jpg/135px-Official_portrait_of_Lord_Hay_of_Ballyore_crop_2%2C_2022.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Official_portrait_of_Lord_Hay_of_Ballyore_crop_2%2C_2022.jpg/180px-Official_portrait_of_Lord_Hay_of_Ballyore_crop_2%2C_2022.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/William_Hay,_Baron_Hay_of_Ballyore" class="mw-redirect" title="William Hay, Baron Hay of Ballyore">The Lord Hay of Ballyore</a> </td> <td>2014 </td> <td>Former <a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_Northern_Ireland_Assembly" title="Speaker of the Northern Ireland Assembly">Speaker of the Northern Ireland Assembly</a> (2007–2014) from <a href="/wiki/Foyle_(Assembly_constituency)" title="Foyle (Assembly constituency)">Foyle</a> (1998–2014) </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Official_portrait_of_Lord_Morrow_crop_2,_2022.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Official_portrait_of_Lord_Morrow_crop_2%2C_2022.jpg/90px-Official_portrait_of_Lord_Morrow_crop_2%2C_2022.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Official_portrait_of_Lord_Morrow_crop_2%2C_2022.jpg/135px-Official_portrait_of_Lord_Morrow_crop_2%2C_2022.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Official_portrait_of_Lord_Morrow_crop_2%2C_2022.jpg/180px-Official_portrait_of_Lord_Morrow_crop_2%2C_2022.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Morrow,_Baron_Morrow" class="mw-redirect" title="Maurice Morrow, Baron Morrow">The Lord Morrow</a> </td> <td>2006 </td> <td>Chairman of the DUP (2000–present) </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Official_portrait_of_Lord_McCrea_of_Magherafelt_and_Cookstown_crop_2,_2022.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Official_portrait_of_Lord_McCrea_of_Magherafelt_and_Cookstown_crop_2%2C_2022.jpg/90px-Official_portrait_of_Lord_McCrea_of_Magherafelt_and_Cookstown_crop_2%2C_2022.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Official_portrait_of_Lord_McCrea_of_Magherafelt_and_Cookstown_crop_2%2C_2022.jpg/135px-Official_portrait_of_Lord_McCrea_of_Magherafelt_and_Cookstown_crop_2%2C_2022.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Official_portrait_of_Lord_McCrea_of_Magherafelt_and_Cookstown_crop_2%2C_2022.jpg/180px-Official_portrait_of_Lord_McCrea_of_Magherafelt_and_Cookstown_crop_2%2C_2022.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/William_McCrea,_Baron_McCrea_of_Magherafelt_and_Cookstown" title="William McCrea, Baron McCrea of Magherafelt and Cookstown">The Lord McCrea of Magherafelt and Cookstown</a> </td> <td>2018 </td> <td>Former MP for <a href="/wiki/Mid_Ulster_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Mid Ulster (UK Parliament constituency)">Mid Ulster</a> (1983–1997) and <a href="/wiki/South_Antrim_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="South Antrim (UK Parliament constituency)">South Antrim</a> (2000–01; 2005–2015) </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Official_portrait_of_Nigel_Dodds_crop_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Official_portrait_of_Nigel_Dodds_crop_2.jpg/90px-Official_portrait_of_Nigel_Dodds_crop_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Official_portrait_of_Nigel_Dodds_crop_2.jpg/135px-Official_portrait_of_Nigel_Dodds_crop_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Official_portrait_of_Nigel_Dodds_crop_2.jpg/180px-Official_portrait_of_Nigel_Dodds_crop_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1554" data-file-height="2072" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nigel_Dodds" title="Nigel Dodds">The Lord Dodds of Duncairn</a> </td> <td>2021 </td> <td><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Westminster">Leader of the Democratic Unionist Party in the House of Lords</a> (2021–present) <p>Former MP for <a href="/wiki/Belfast_North_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Belfast North (UK Parliament constituency)">Belfast North</a> (2001–2019) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Peter_Weir_MLA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Peter_Weir_MLA.jpg/90px-Peter_Weir_MLA.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Peter_Weir_MLA.jpg/136px-Peter_Weir_MLA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Peter_Weir_MLA.jpg/181px-Peter_Weir_MLA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="274" data-file-height="363" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Peter_Weir,_Baron_Weir_of_Ballyholme" class="mw-redirect" title="Peter Weir, Baron Weir of Ballyholme">The Lord Weir of Ballyholme</a> </td> <td>2022 </td> <td>Former <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Education_(Northern_Ireland)" title="Department of Education (Northern Ireland)">Minister for Education</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Executive" title="Northern Ireland Executive">Northern Ireland Executive</a> (2016–2017; 2020–2022) </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Northern_Ireland_Assembly">Northern Ireland Assembly</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democratic_Unionist_Party&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Northern Ireland Assembly"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Members of the Northern Ireland Assembly as of 22 November 2024: </p><p>{*} = Member was co-opted (appointed) to fill a seat. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Name </th> <th>Constituency </th> <th>Since </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Bradley" title="Maurice Bradley">Maurice Bradley</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/East_Londonderry_(Assembly_constituency)" title="East Londonderry (Assembly constituency)">East Londonderry</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2016_Northern_Ireland_Assembly_election" title="2016 Northern Ireland Assembly election">2016</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Phillip_Brett_(politician)" title="Phillip Brett (politician)">Phillip Brett</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Belfast_North_(Assembly_constituency)" title="Belfast North (Assembly constituency)">Belfast North</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2022_Northern_Ireland_Assembly_election" title="2022 Northern Ireland Assembly election">2022</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/David_Brooks_(Northern_Irish_politician)" title="David Brooks (Northern Irish politician)">David Brooks</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Belfast_East_(Assembly_constituency)" title="Belfast East (Assembly constituency)">Belfast East</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2022_Northern_Ireland_Assembly_election" title="2022 Northern Ireland Assembly election">2022</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cheryl_Brownlee" title="Cheryl Brownlee">Cheryl Brownlee</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/East_Antrim_(Assembly_constituency)" title="East Antrim (Assembly constituency)">East Antrim</a> </td> <td>2023*<sup id="cite_ref-202" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-202"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>200<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Keith_Buchanan" title="Keith Buchanan">Keith Buchanan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mid_Ulster_(Assembly_constituency)" title="Mid Ulster (Assembly constituency)">Mid Ulster</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2016_Northern_Ireland_Assembly_election" title="2016 Northern Ireland Assembly election">2016</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Buchanan_(Unionist_politician)" title="Thomas Buchanan (Unionist politician)">Thomas Buchanan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Tyrone_(Assembly_constituency)" title="West Tyrone (Assembly constituency)">West Tyrone</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2003_Northern_Ireland_Assembly_election" title="2003 Northern Ireland Assembly election">2003</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Buckley" title="Jonathan Buckley">Jonathan Buckley</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Upper_Bann_(Assembly_constituency)" title="Upper Bann (Assembly constituency)">Upper Bann</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2017_Northern_Ireland_Assembly_election" title="2017 Northern Ireland Assembly election">2017</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Joanne_Bunting" title="Joanne Bunting">Joanne Bunting</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Belfast_East_(Assembly_constituency)" title="Belfast East (Assembly constituency)">Belfast East</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2016_Northern_Ireland_Assembly_election" title="2016 Northern Ireland Assembly election">2016</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pam_Cameron" title="Pam Cameron">Pam Cameron</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Antrim_(Assembly_constituency)" title="South Antrim (Assembly constituency)">South Antrim</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2011_Northern_Ireland_Assembly_election" title="2011 Northern Ireland Assembly election">2011</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Trevor_Clarke" title="Trevor Clarke">Trevor Clarke</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Antrim_(Assembly_constituency)" title="South Antrim (Assembly constituency)">South Antrim</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2007_Northern_Ireland_Assembly_election" title="2007 Northern Ireland Assembly election">2007</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Diane_Dodds" title="Diane Dodds">Diane Dodds</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Upper_Bann_(Assembly_constituency)" title="Upper Bann (Assembly constituency)">Upper Bann</a> </td> <td>2020*<sup id="cite_ref-dodds_co-option_203-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dodds_co-option-203"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>201<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Dunne_(politician)" title="Stephen Dunne (politician)">Stephen Dunne</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Down_(Assembly_constituency)" title="North Down (Assembly constituency)">North Down</a> </td> <td>2021*<sup id="cite_ref-204" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-204"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>202<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Deborah_Erskine" title="Deborah Erskine">Deborah Erskine</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fermanagh_and_South_Tyrone_(Assembly_constituency)" title="Fermanagh and South Tyrone (Assembly constituency)">Fermanagh and South Tyrone</a> </td> <td>2021*<sup id="cite_ref-205" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-205"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>203<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Diane_Forsythe" title="Diane Forsythe">Diane Forsythe</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Down_(Assembly_constituency)" title="South Down (Assembly constituency)">South Down</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2022_Northern_Ireland_Assembly_election" title="2022 Northern Ireland Assembly election">2022</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Paul_Frew" title="Paul Frew">Paul Frew</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Antrim_(Assembly_constituency)" title="North Antrim (Assembly constituency)">North Antrim</a> </td> <td>2010*<sup id="cite_ref-206" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-206"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>204<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Paul_Givan" title="Paul Givan">Paul Givan</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lagan_Valley_(Assembly_constituency)" title="Lagan Valley (Assembly constituency)">Lagan Valley</a> </td> <td>2010*<sup id="cite_ref-207" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-207"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>205<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Harry_Harvey_(politician)" title="Harry Harvey (politician)">Harry Harvey</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Strangford_(Assembly_constituency)" title="Strangford (Assembly constituency)">Strangford</a> </td> <td>2019*<sup id="cite_ref-ainsworth_208-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ainsworth-208"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>206<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-bt_209-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bt-209"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>207<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/William_Irwin_(Unionist_politician)" title="William Irwin (Unionist politician)">William Irwin</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Newry_and_Armagh_(Assembly_constituency)" title="Newry and Armagh (Assembly constituency)">Newry and Armagh</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2007_Northern_Ireland_Assembly_election" title="2007 Northern Ireland Assembly election">2007</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Brian_Kingston" title="Brian Kingston">Brian Kingston</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Belfast_North_(Assembly_constituency)" title="Belfast North (Assembly constituency)">Belfast North</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2022_Northern_Ireland_Assembly_election" title="2022 Northern Ireland Assembly election">2022</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Emma_Little-Pengelly" title="Emma Little-Pengelly">Emma Little-Pengelly</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lagan_Valley_(Assembly_constituency)" title="Lagan Valley (Assembly constituency)">Lagan Valley</a> </td> <td>2022*<sup id="cite_ref-210" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-210"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>208<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Lyons" title="Gordon Lyons">Gordon Lyons</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/East_Antrim_(Assembly_constituency)" title="East Antrim (Assembly constituency)">East Antrim</a> </td> <td>2015*<sup id="cite_ref-211" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-211"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>209<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Peter_Martin_(Northern_Ireland_politician)" title="Peter Martin (Northern Ireland politician)">Peter Martin</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/North_Down_(Assembly_constituency)" title="North Down (Assembly constituency)">North Down</a> </td> <td>2024*<sup id="cite_ref-212" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-212"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>210<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Michelle_McIlveen" title="Michelle McIlveen">Michelle McIlveen</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Strangford_(Assembly_constituency)" title="Strangford (Assembly constituency)">Strangford</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2007_Northern_Ireland_Assembly_election" title="2007 Northern Ireland Assembly election">2007</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gary_Middleton" title="Gary Middleton">Gary Middleton</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Foyle_(Assembly_constituency)" title="Foyle (Assembly constituency)">Foyle</a> </td> <td>2014*<sup id="cite_ref-londonderrysentinel1_213-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-londonderrysentinel1-213"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>211<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Poots" title="Edwin Poots">Edwin Poots</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Belfast_South_(Assembly_constituency)" title="Belfast South (Assembly constituency)">Belfast South</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1998_Northern_Ireland_Assembly_election" title="1998 Northern Ireland Assembly election">1998</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Alan_Robinson_(Northern_Irish_politician)" title="Alan Robinson (Northern Irish politician)">Alan Robinson</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/East_Londonderry_(Assembly_constituency)" title="East Londonderry (Assembly constituency)">East Londonderry</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2022_Northern_Ireland_Assembly_election" title="2022 Northern Ireland Assembly election">2022</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Election_results">Election results</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democratic_Unionist_Party&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Election results"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Unionist_Party_representation_and_election_results" title="Democratic Unionist Party representation and election results">Democratic Unionist Party representation and election results</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Northern_Ireland_election_seats_1997-2019.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Northern_Ireland_election_seats_1997-2019.svg/500px-Northern_Ireland_election_seats_1997-2019.svg.png" decoding="async" width="500" height="407" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Northern_Ireland_election_seats_1997-2019.svg/750px-Northern_Ireland_election_seats_1997-2019.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Northern_Ireland_election_seats_1997-2019.svg/1000px-Northern_Ireland_election_seats_1997-2019.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1336" data-file-height="1088" /></a><figcaption>Map showing seat results for Northern Ireland Westminster elections 1997–2019</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="General_election_results">General election results</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democratic_Unionist_Party&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: General election results"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:95%"> <tbody><tr> <th>Election </th> <th>Leader </th> <th>Share of votes </th> <th>Seats </th> <th style="text-align:center;">± </th> <th>Government </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span data-sort-value="1974 02 !"><a href="/wiki/February_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="February 1974 United Kingdom general election">Feb 1974</a></span> </td> <td rowspan="9">Ian Paisley </td> <td align="center">5.7% </td> <td align="left"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">1 / 12</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #D46A4C; width: 8%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td align="left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Labour minority </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span data-sort-value="1974 10 !"><a href="/wiki/October_1974_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="October 1974 United Kingdom general election">Oct 1974</a></span> </td> <td align="center">5.8% </td> <td align="left"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">1 / 12</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #D46A4C; width: 8%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td align="left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Labour </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/1979_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1979 United Kingdom general election">1979</a> </td> <td align="center">10.2% </td> <td align="left"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">3 / 12</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #D46A4C; width: 25%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td align="left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Conservative </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/1983_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1983 United Kingdom general election">1983</a> </td> <td align="center">19.9% </td> <td align="left"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">3 / 17</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #D46A4C; width: 18%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td align="left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Conservative </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/1987_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1987 United Kingdom general election">1987</a> </td> <td align="center">11.7% </td> <td align="left"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">3 / 17</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #D46A4C; width: 18%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td align="left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Conservative </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/1992_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1992 United Kingdom general election">1992</a> </td> <td align="center">13.1% </td> <td align="left"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">3 / 17</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #D46A4C; width: 18%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td align="left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Conservative </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/1997_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="1997 United Kingdom general election">1997</a> </td> <td align="center">13.6% </td> <td align="left"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">2 / 18</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #D46A4C; width: 11%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td align="left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Labour </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/2001_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2001 United Kingdom general election">2001</a> </td> <td align="center">22.5% </td> <td align="left"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">5 / 18</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #D46A4C; width: 28%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td align="left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Labour </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/2005_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2005 United Kingdom general election">2005</a> </td> <td align="center">33.7% </td> <td align="left"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">9 / 18</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #D46A4C; width: 50%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td align="left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 4 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Labour </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/2010_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2010 United Kingdom general election">2010</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">Peter Robinson </td> <td align="center">25.0% </td> <td align="left"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">8 / 18</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #D46A4C; width: 44%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td align="left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Conservative-Liberal Democrats coalition </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/2015_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2015 United Kingdom general election">2015</a> </td> <td align="center">25.7% </td> <td align="left"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">8 / 18</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #D46A4C; width: 44%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td align="left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Conservative </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/2017_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2017 United Kingdom general election">2017</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">Arlene Foster </td> <td align="center">36.0% </td> <td align="left"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">10 / 18</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #D46A4C; width: 56%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td align="left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2 </td> <td style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial">Conservative minority <br /><small><i>with <a href="/wiki/Conservative%E2%80%93DUP_agreement" title="Conservative–DUP agreement">DUP confidence & supply</a></i></small> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/2019_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2019 United Kingdom general election">2019</a> </td> <td align="center">30.6% </td> <td align="left"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">8 / 18</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #D46A4C; width: 44%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td align="left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Conservative </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/2024_United_Kingdom_general_election" title="2024 United Kingdom general election">2024</a> </td> <td rowspan="1">Gavin Robinson </td> <td align="center">22.1% </td> <td align="left"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">5 / 18</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #D46A4C; width: 28%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td align="left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Labour </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Northern_Ireland_Assembly_election_results">Northern Ireland Assembly election results</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democratic_Unionist_Party&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Northern Ireland Assembly election results"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="font-size:95%"> <tbody><tr> <th>Election </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Assembly" title="Northern Ireland Assembly">Northern Ireland Assembly</a> </th> <th>Leader </th> <th>Total Votes </th> <th>Share of votes </th> <th>Seats </th> <th align="center">+/- </th> <th>Government </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/1973_Northern_Ireland_Assembly_election" title="1973 Northern Ireland Assembly election">1973</a> </td> <td align="center"><span data-sort-value="09 !"><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_Northern_Ireland_Assembly_elected_in_1973" class="mw-redirect" title="Members of the Northern Ireland Assembly elected in 1973">1973 Assembly</a></span> </td> <td rowspan="7">Ian Paisley </td> <td align="center">78,228 </td> <td align="center">10.8% </td> <td align="left"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">8 / 78</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #D46A4C; width: 10%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td align="left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 8 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Constitutional_Convention#Election_results" title="Northern Ireland Constitutional Convention">1975</a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_Northern_Ireland_Constitutional_Convention" class="mw-redirect" title="Members of the Northern Ireland Constitutional Convention">Constitutional Convention</a> </td> <td align="center">97,073 </td> <td align="center">14.8% </td> <td align="left"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">12 / 78</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #D46A4C; width: 15%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td align="left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 4 </td> <td style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial">Fourth largest party </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/1982_Northern_Ireland_Assembly_election" title="1982 Northern Ireland Assembly election">1982</a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_Northern_Ireland_Assembly_elected_in_1982" class="mw-redirect" title="Members of the Northern Ireland Assembly elected in 1982">1982 Assembly</a> </td> <td align="center">145,528 </td> <td align="center">23.0% </td> <td align="left"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">21 / 78</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #D46A4C; width: 27%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td align="left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 9 </td> <td style="background: #FFE3E3; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-no2">Opposition </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Forum#Results" title="Northern Ireland Forum">1996</a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_Northern_Ireland_Forum" class="mw-redirect" title="Members of the Northern Ireland Forum">Forum</a> </td> <td align="center">141,413 </td> <td align="center">18.8% </td> <td align="left"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">24 / 110</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #D46A4C; width: 22%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td align="left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 24 </td> <td style="background:#FFB; color:black;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center;" class="table-partial">Second largest party </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/1998_Northern_Ireland_Assembly_election" title="1998 Northern Ireland Assembly election">1998</a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_Northern_Ireland_Assembly_elected_in_1998" class="mw-redirect" title="Members of the Northern Ireland Assembly elected in 1998">1st Assembly</a> </td> <td align="center">145,917 </td> <td align="center">18.5% </td> <td align="left"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">20 / 108</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #D46A4C; width: 19%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td align="left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 4 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Junior party in coalition </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/2003_Northern_Ireland_Assembly_election" title="2003 Northern Ireland Assembly election">2003</a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_Northern_Ireland_Assembly_elected_in_2003" class="mw-redirect" title="Members of the Northern Ireland Assembly elected in 2003">2nd Assembly</a> </td> <td align="center">177,944 </td> <td align="center">25.7% </td> <td align="left"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">30 / 108</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #D46A4C; width: 28%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td align="left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 10 </td> <td data-sort-value="" style="background: var(--background-color-interactive, #ececec); color: var(--color-base, inherit); vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;" class="table-na">Largest party, direct rule </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/2007_Northern_Ireland_Assembly_election" title="2007 Northern Ireland Assembly election">2007</a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_Northern_Ireland_Assembly_elected_in_2007" class="mw-redirect" title="Members of the Northern Ireland Assembly elected in 2007">3rd Assembly</a> </td> <td align="center">207,721 </td> <td align="center">30.1% </td> <td align="left"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">36 / 108</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #D46A4C; width: 33%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td align="left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 6 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Coalition </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/2011_Northern_Ireland_Assembly_election" title="2011 Northern Ireland Assembly election">2011</a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_Northern_Ireland_Assembly_elected_in_2011" class="mw-redirect" title="Members of the Northern Ireland Assembly elected in 2011">4th Assembly</a> </td> <td>Peter Robinson </td> <td align="center">198,436 </td> <td align="center">30.0% </td> <td align="left"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">38 / 108</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #D46A4C; width: 35%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td align="left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 2 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Coalition </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/2016_Northern_Ireland_Assembly_election" title="2016 Northern Ireland Assembly election">2016</a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_Northern_Ireland_Assembly_elected_in_2016" class="mw-redirect" title="Members of the Northern Ireland Assembly elected in 2016">5th Assembly</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">Arlene Foster </td> <td align="center">202,567 </td> <td align="center">29.2% </td> <td align="left"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">38 / 108</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #D46A4C; width: 35%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td align="left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Coalition </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/2017_Northern_Ireland_Assembly_election" title="2017 Northern Ireland Assembly election">2017</a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Members_of_the_6th_Northern_Ireland_Assembly" class="mw-redirect" title="Members of the 6th Northern Ireland Assembly">6th Assembly</a> </td> <td align="center">225,413 </td> <td align="center">28.1% </td> <td align="left"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">28 / 90</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #D46A4C; width: 31%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td align="left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 10 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Coalition </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/2022_Northern_Ireland_Assembly_election" title="2022 Northern Ireland Assembly election">2022</a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/7th_Northern_Ireland_Assembly" title="7th Northern Ireland Assembly">7th Assembly</a> </td> <td rowspan="1">Jeffrey Donaldson </td> <td align="center">184,002 </td> <td align="center">21.3% </td> <td align="left"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">25 / 90</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #D46A4C; width: 28%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td> <td align="left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 3 </td> <td style="background:#bfd; color:black; vertical-align:middle; text-align:center;" class="table-yes2">Junior party in coalition </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democratic_Unionist_Party&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 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href="/wiki/British_Isles_fixed_sea_link_connections" class="mw-redirect" title="British Isles fixed sea link connections">British Isles fixed sea link connections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Democratic_Unionist_Party_scandals" title="Category:Democratic Unionist Party scandals">Democratic Unionist Party scandals</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democratic_Unionist_Party&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-197"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-197">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(Northern Ireland Parliament)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-201"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-201">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Not all positions are listed here, please see the <a href="#Party_spokespersons_at_Westminster">party spokespersons at Westminster</a> section.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democratic_Unionist_Party&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-britain-election-nireland-idUKKBN0N01P520150409">the original</a> on 12 July 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Unionist+bid+to+be+UK+%27kingmakers%27+unsettles+some+in+Northern+Ireland&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuk.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fuk-britain-election-nireland-idUKKBN0N01P520150409&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto1-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Smithey, Lee. <i>Unionists, Loyalists, and Conflict Transformation in Northern Ireland</i>. Oxford University Press, 2011. pp.56, 58</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ingle156-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ingle156_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ingle156_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ingle156_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIngle2008" class="citation book cs1">Ingle, Stephen (2008). <i>The British Party System: An Introduction</i>. 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Bloomsbury Publishing, 2015. p.140</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FTDUP-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FTDUP_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/content/598d1d30-4cb4-11e7-919a-1e14ce4af89b">"It will be ‘difficult’ for May to survive, says N Ireland’s DUP"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170816021400/https://www.ft.com/content/598d1d30-4cb4-11e7-919a-1e14ce4af89b">Archived</a> 16 August 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, By Vincent Boland & Robert Wright. Financial Times. 9 June 2017. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 May</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Ruth+Marcus+%E2%80%93+Gender+aside%2C+the+fall+of+Irish+politician+Iris+Robinson+is+the+same+old+sex+scandal&rft.date=2010-01-14&rft.issn=0190-8286&rft.aulast=Marcus&rft.aufirst=Ruth&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fwp-dyn%2Fcontent%2Farticle%2F2010%2F01%2F13%2FAR2010011303602.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/northern-ireland/dup-confirms-it-will-campaign-for-brexit-in-leaveremain-referendum-34470806.html">"DUP confirms it will campaign for Brexit in Leave/Remain referendum"</a>. <i>Belfast Telegraph</i>. 20 February 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170816010409/http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/northern-ireland/dup-confirms-it-will-campaign-for-brexit-in-leaveremain-referendum-34470806.html">Archived</a> from the original on 16 August 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 June</span> 2017</span>. <q>The Democratic Unionist Party has formally announced its intention to campaign for a Brexit.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Belfast+Telegraph&rft.atitle=DUP+confirms+it+will+campaign+for+Brexit+in+Leave%2FRemain+referendum&rft.date=2016-02-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.belfasttelegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fnorthern-ireland%2Fdup-confirms-it-will-campaign-for-brexit-in-leaveremain-referendum-34470806.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJamie_Merrill2017" class="citation web cs1">Jamie Merrill (9 June 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inews.co.uk/essentials/news/politics/dup-position-brexit/">"What is the DUP position on Brexit?"</a>. <i>The Essential Daily Briefing</i>. iNews. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170816003539/https://inews.co.uk/essentials/news/politics/dup-position-brexit/">Archived</a> from the original on 16 August 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 June</span> 2017</span>. <q>No-one wants to see a 'hard' Brexit, what we want to see is a workable plan to leave the European Union, and that's what the national vote was about – therefore we need to get on with that.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Essential+Daily+Briefing&rft.atitle=What+is+the+DUP+position+on+Brexit%3F&rft.date=2017-06-09&rft.au=Jamie+Merrill&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Finews.co.uk%2Fessentials%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Fdup-position-brexit%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/politics/ian-paisley-death-third-force-were-a-motley-crew-of-teens-and-farmers--30583056.html">"Ian Paisley death: Third Force 'were a motley crew of teens and farmers...'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Belfast Telegraph</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191224221140/https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/politics/ian-paisley-death-third-force-were-a-motley-crew-of-teens-and-farmers--30583056.html">Archived</a> from the original on 24 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Belfast+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Ian+Paisley+death%3A+Third+Force+%27were+a+motley+crew+of+teens+and+farmers...%27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.belfasttelegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Fian-paisley-death-third-force-were-a-motley-crew-of-teens-and-farmers--30583056.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-third_spare_activity-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-third_spare_activity_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Unionism and Orangeism in Northern Ireland Since 1945</i>. Belfast: Blackstaff Press. p. 199. <q>The men on the Antrim hillside became the nucleus of a paramilitary formation 'The Third Force' which would play a role in what the DUP called 'The Carson Trail'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Unionism+and+Orangeism+in+Northern+Ireland+Since+1945&rft.place=Belfast&rft.pages=199&rft.pub=Blackstaff+Press&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWood2006" class="citation book cs1">Wood, Ian S. (2006). <i>Crimes of Loyalty: A History of the UDA</i>. <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_University_Press" title="Edinburgh University Press">Edinburgh University Press</a>. p. 74. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0748624270" title="Special:BookSources/978-0748624270"><bdi>978-0748624270</bdi></a>. <q>Dr Ian Paisley, who had been close to Bradford, called for tax and rent strikes by Loyalists and announced the formation of a new paramilitary body for which he claimed he was helping to recruit. Because it was to supplement the RUC and UDR, he called it the 'Third Force'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Crimes+of+Loyalty%3A+A+History+of+the+UDA&rft.pages=74&rft.pub=Edinburgh+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0748624270&rft.aulast=Wood&rft.aufirst=Ian+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cain-u-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cain-u_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cain-u_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cain-u_18-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/othelem/organ/uorgan.htm#ur">"Abstracts of Organisations: U"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Conflict_Archive_on_the_Internet" title="Conflict Archive on the Internet">Conflict Archive on the Internet</a> (CAIN). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110222030139/http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/othelem/organ/uorgan.htm#ur">Archived</a> from the original on 22 February 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 September</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Abstracts+of+Organisations%3A+U&rft.pub=Conflict+Archive+on+the+Internet+%28CAIN%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcain.ulst.ac.uk%2Fothelem%2Forgan%2Fuorgan.htm%23ur&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-belfasttelegraph.co.uk-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-belfasttelegraph.co.uk_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-belfasttelegraph.co.uk_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/sunday-life/news/a-spectre-from-the-past-back-to-haunt-peace-28401321.html">"A spectre from the past back to haunt peace"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170613224612/http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/sunday-life/news/a-spectre-from-the-past-back-to-haunt-peace-28401321.html">Archived</a> 13 June 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Belfast_Telegraph" title="Belfast Telegraph">Belfast Telegraph</a></i>. 10 June 2007. Retrieved 10 June 2017.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC1-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BBC1_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BBC1_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/northern_ireland/6491769.stm">"DUP 'would share power in May'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BBC_News_Online" title="BBC News Online">BBC News Online</a></i>. BBC. 24 March 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070328214335/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/northern_ireland/6491769.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 28 March 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News+Online&rft.atitle=DUP+%27would+share+power+in+May%27&rft.date=2007-03-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fuk_news%2Fnorthern_ireland%2F6491769.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-allisterquits-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-allisterquits_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-allisterquits_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/northern_ireland/6499623.stm">"Allister quits power-sharing DUP"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BBC_News_Online" title="BBC News Online">BBC News Online</a></i>. BBC. 27 March 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070330120412/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/northern_ireland/6499623.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 30 March 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 March</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News+Online&rft.atitle=Allister+quits+power-sharing+DUP&rft.date=2007-03-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fnorthern_ireland%2F6499623.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-councillors-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-councillors_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/northern_ireland/6524109.stm">"Seventh councillor leaves the DUP"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BBC_News_Online" title="BBC News Online">BBC News Online</a></i>. BBC. 5 April 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070503041123/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/northern_ireland/6524109.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 3 May 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News+Online&rft.atitle=Seventh+councillor+leaves+the+DUP&rft.date=2007-04-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fnorthern_ireland%2F6524109.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/northern_ireland/7131912.stm">"New unionist group to be launched"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071209083241/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/northern_ireland/7131912.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 9 December 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 December</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=New+unionist+group+to+be+launched&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fuk_news%2Fnorthern_ireland%2F7131912.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-resign-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-resign_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rte.ie/news/ulster/2022/0203/1277530-paul-givan/">"Paul Givan resigns as NI First Minister"</a>. Raidió Teilifís Éireann. 3 February 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 May</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Paul+Givan+resigns+as+NI+First+Minister&rft.pub=Raidi%C3%B3+Teilif%C3%ADs+%C3%89ireann&rft.date=2022-02-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rte.ie%2Fnews%2Fulster%2F2022%2F0203%2F1277530-paul-givan%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.sky.com/story/dup-agrees-deal-with-uk-government-to-restore-devolved-parliament-to-northern-ireland-13059737">"DUP agrees deal with UK government to restore power-sharing to Northern Ireland"</a>. <i>Sky News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 February</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sky+News&rft.atitle=DUP+agrees+deal+with+UK+government+to+restore+power-sharing+to+Northern+Ireland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.sky.com%2Fstory%2Fdup-agrees-deal-with-uk-government-to-restore-devolved-parliament-to-northern-ireland-13059737&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irishtimes.com/politics/2024/05/29/gavin-robinson-says-he-will-continue-irish-sea-border-fight-as-hes-ratified-as-dup-leader/">"Gavin Robinson says he will 'continue Irish Sea border fight' as he's ratified as DUP leader"</a>. <i>The Irish Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Irish+Times&rft.atitle=Gavin+Robinson+says+he+will+%27continue+Irish+Sea+border+fight%27+as+he%27s+ratified+as+DUP+leader&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishtimes.com%2Fpolitics%2F2024%2F05%2F29%2Fgavin-robinson-says-he-will-continue-irish-sea-border-fight-as-hes-ratified-as-dup-leader%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto2-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto2_27-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto2_27-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKearney2024" class="citation news cs1">Kearney, Vincent (29 March 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rte.ie/news/ulster/2024/0329/1440695-jeffrey-donaldson/">"DUP leader Jeffrey Donaldson steps down after allegations"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=DUP+leader+Jeffrey+Donaldson+steps+down+after+allegations&rft.date=2024-03-29&rft.aulast=Kearney&rft.aufirst=Vincent&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rte.ie%2Fnews%2Fulster%2F2024%2F0329%2F1440695-jeffrey-donaldson%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGraham2024" class="citation news cs1">Graham, Seánín (29 March 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irishtimes.com/politics/2024/03/29/jeffrey-donaldson-resigns-as-leader-of-democratic-unionist-party-after-being-charged-with-historical-allegations/">"Jeffrey Donaldson resigns as leader of Democratic Unionist Party after being charged with historical allegations"</a>. <i>The Irish Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Irish+Times&rft.atitle=Jeffrey+Donaldson+resigns+as+leader+of+Democratic+Unionist+Party+after+being+charged+with+historical+allegations&rft.date=2024-03-29&rft.aulast=Graham&rft.aufirst=Se%C3%A1n%C3%ADn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishtimes.com%2Fpolitics%2F2024%2F03%2F29%2Fjeffrey-donaldson-resigns-as-leader-of-democratic-unionist-party-after-being-charged-with-historical-allegations%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irishtimes.com/crime-law/courts/2024/04/24/jeffrey-donaldson-dup-court-charged-news/">"Jeffrey Donaldson appears in court charged with sexual offences over 21-year period"</a>. <i>The Irish Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Irish+Times&rft.atitle=Jeffrey+Donaldson+appears+in+court+charged+with+sexual+offences+over+21-year+period&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishtimes.com%2Fcrime-law%2Fcourts%2F2024%2F04%2F24%2Fjeffrey-donaldson-dup-court-charged-news%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Richard English. <i>The State: Historical and Political Dimensions</i>, Charles Townshend, 1998, Routledge, p. 96; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-41515-477-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-41515-477-4">0-41515-477-4</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dbryan-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-dbryan_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dominic Bryan. <i>Orange Parades: The Politics of Ritual, Tradition and Control</i>, Pluto Press (2000), p. 94; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-74531-413-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-74531-413-9">0-74531-413-9</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Beyond the Sectarian Divide: the Social Bases and Political Consequences of Nationalist and Unionist Party Competition in Ireland" by Geoffrey Evans and Mary Duffy. 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Pearson Education, 2002. p.119.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/events/uwc/anderson.htm">"CAIN: Events: UWC Strike: Anderson, Don. – Chapter from '14 May Days'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141007014857/http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/events/uwc/anderson.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 7 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CAIN%3A+Events%3A+UWC+Strike%3A+Anderson%2C+Don.+%E2%80%93+Chapter+from+%2714+May+Days%27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcain.ulst.ac.uk%2Fevents%2Fuwc%2Fanderson.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Oireachtas" title="Oireachtas">Oireachtas</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/events/dublin/barron310304.pdf">Sub-Committee report</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141007033010/http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/events/dublin/barron310304.pdf">Archived</a> 7 October 2014 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> on the Barron Report (2004), p.25</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDr_Martin_Melaugh" class="citation web cs1">Dr Martin Melaugh. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/events/convention/sum.htm">"Northern Ireland Constitutional Convention – A Summary of Main Events"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Conflict_Archive_on_the_Internet" title="Conflict Archive on the Internet">Conflict Archive on the Internet</a> (CAIN). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170916234314/http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/events/convention/sum.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 16 September 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Island Publications, 1997. p.10</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-aia-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-aia_42-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-aia_42-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-aia_42-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-aia_42-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/events/aia/chron.htm">Anglo-Irish Agreement – Chronology of Events</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101206111841/http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/events/aia/chron.htm">Archived</a> 6 December 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <a href="/wiki/Conflict_Archive_on_the_Internet" title="Conflict Archive on the Internet">Conflict Archive on the Internet</a> (CAIN). 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Pages 184–185.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMartin_Melaugh" class="citation web cs1">Martin Melaugh. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/issues/politics/docs/dup/dup050204text.htm">"CAIN: Issues: Politics: Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) (2004) Devolution Now: The DUP's Concept for Devolution, 5 February 2004"</a>. Cain.ulst.ac.uk. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100513030659/http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/issues/politics/docs/dup/dup050204text.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 13 May 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 April</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Twelve+good+folk+and+true...+or+Brown%27s+dirty+dozen%3F&rft.date=2008-06-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk%2Fpolitics%2Ftwelve-good-folk-and-true-or-browns-dirty-dozen-847334.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSharrockCoates2008" class="citation news cs1">Sharrock, David; Coates, Sam (12 June 2008). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/42-day-detention-bribes-and-concessions-that-got-dup-on-side-r959hlgdhhz">"42 day detention: bribes and concessions that got DUP on side"</a></span>. <i>The Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191221211227/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/42-day-detention-bribes-and-concessions-that-got-dup-on-side-r959hlgdhhz">Archived</a> from the original on 21 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 June</span> 2017</span>. <q>Sweeteners for Northern Ireland and a peerage for the Rev Ian Paisley, dropping sanctions on Cuba and the governorship of Bermuda were among the offers the Government is thought to have used to secure Gordon Brown's victory in yesterday's vote.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=42+day+detention%3A+bribes+and+concessions+that+got+DUP+on+side&rft.date=2008-06-12&rft.aulast=Sharrock&rft.aufirst=David&rft.au=Coates%2C+Sam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetimes.co.uk%2Farticle%2F42-day-detention-bribes-and-concessions-that-got-dup-on-side-r959hlgdhhz&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/northern_ireland/7976508.stm">"Dodds' expenses bill NI's highest"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150104205636/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/northern_ireland/7976508.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 4 January 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Dodds%27+expenses+bill+NI%27s+highest&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Fnorthern_ireland%2F7976508.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Doherty2010" class="citation news cs1">O'Doherty, Malachi (8 January 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2010/jan/08/peter-iris-robinson-crisis">"The real Robinson affair"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 January</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Detail&rft.atitle=The+DUP%27s+full+role+in+Red+Sky+row+revealed&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedetail.tv%2Farticles%2Fthe-dup-s-full-role-in-red-sky-row-revealed&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJustice2015" class="citation news cs1">Justice, Adam (18 March 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/general-election-2015-ukip-could-form-coalition-tories-dup-1492489">"General Election 2015: Ukip could form coalition with Tories and DUP"</a>. <i>International Business Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160407174306/http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/general-election-2015-ukip-could-form-coalition-tories-dup-1492489">Archived</a> from the original on 7 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Business+Times&rft.atitle=General+Election+2015%3A+Ukip+could+form+coalition+with+Tories+and+DUP&rft.date=2015-03-18&rft.aulast=Justice&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ibtimes.co.uk%2Fgeneral-election-2015-ukip-could-form-coalition-tories-dup-1492489&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilkinson2015" class="citation news cs1">Wilkinson, Michael (5 May 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/general-election-2015/11566274/Conservative-Ukip-coalition-what-have-the-parties-said.html">"Conservative Ukip coalition: what have the parties said"</a>. <i>The Daily Telegraph</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160410205222/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/general-election-2015/11566274/Conservative-Ukip-coalition-what-have-the-parties-said.html">Archived</a> from the original on 10 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Conservative+Ukip+coalition%3A+what+have+the+parties+said&rft.date=2015-05-05&rft.aulast=Wilkinson&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fgeneral-election-2015%2F11566274%2FConservative-Ukip-coalition-what-have-the-parties-said.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCromie2015" class="citation news cs1">Cromie, Claire (16 April 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/general-election-2015/nick-clegg-warns-of-rightwing-blukip-alliance-of-dup-ukip-and-the-conservatives-31147787.html">"Nick Clegg warns of rightwing 'Blukip' alliance of DUP, Ukip and the Conservatives"</a>. <i>The Belfast Telegraph</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160410140256/http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/general-election-2015/nick-clegg-warns-of-rightwing-blukip-alliance-of-dup-ukip-and-the-conservatives-31147787.html">Archived</a> from the original on 10 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Belfast+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Nick+Clegg+warns+of+rightwing+%27Blukip%27+alliance+of+DUP%2C+Ukip+and+the+Conservatives&rft.date=2015-04-16&rft.aulast=Cromie&rft.aufirst=Claire&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.belfasttelegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fgeneral-election-2015%2Fnick-clegg-warns-of-rightwing-blukip-alliance-of-dup-ukip-and-the-conservatives-31147787.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStone2015" class="citation news cs1">Stone, Jon (28 April 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/general-election-2015/tory-coalition-with-dup-and-ukip-could-spell-the-end-of-the-bbc-as-we-know-it-31177207.html">"Tory coalition with DUP and Ukip could spell the end of the BBC as we know it"</a>. <i>The Belfast Telegraph</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160410161412/http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/general-election-2015/tory-coalition-with-dup-and-ukip-could-spell-the-end-of-the-bbc-as-we-know-it-31177207.html">Archived</a> from the original on 10 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Belfast+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Tory+coalition+with+DUP+and+Ukip+could+spell+the+end+of+the+BBC+as+we+know+it&rft.date=2015-04-28&rft.aulast=Stone&rft.aufirst=Jon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.belfasttelegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fgeneral-election-2015%2Ftory-coalition-with-dup-and-ukip-could-spell-the-end-of-the-bbc-as-we-know-it-31177207.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDunne2015" class="citation news cs1">Dunne, Ciara (16 March 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newstatesman.com/politics/2015/03/alliance-dup-will-be-harder-bargain-either-labour-or-tories-think">"An alliance with the DUP will be a harder bargain than either Labour or the Tories think"</a>. <i>New Statesman</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160408145302/http://www.newstatesman.com/politics/2015/03/alliance-dup-will-be-harder-bargain-either-labour-or-tories-think">Archived</a> from the original on 8 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Statesman&rft.atitle=An+alliance+with+the+DUP+will+be+a+harder+bargain+than+either+Labour+or+the+Tories+think&rft.date=2015-03-16&rft.aulast=Dunne&rft.aufirst=Ciara&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newstatesman.com%2Fpolitics%2F2015%2F03%2Falliance-dup-will-be-harder-bargain-either-labour-or-tories-think&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JonesAttitude5May15-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-JonesAttitude5May15_63-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JonesAttitude5May15_63-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStroude2015" class="citation news cs1">Stroude, Will (5 May 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://attitude.co.uk/owen-jones-warns-of-homophobic-dup-holding-influence-over-future-government/">"Owen Jones warns of 'homophobic' DUP holding influence over future government"</a>. <i>Attitude Magazine</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160308163148/http://attitude.co.uk/owen-jones-warns-of-homophobic-dup-holding-influence-over-future-government/">Archived</a> from the original on 8 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 September</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.mydup.com&rft.atitle=Statement+by+First+Minister+%26+DUP+Leader+Peter+Robinson+MLA&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mydup.com%2Fnews%2Farticle%2Fstatement-by-first-minister-dup-leader-peter-robinson-mla1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dark_money_#1-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-dark_money_#1_65-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irishtimes.com/opinion/what-connects-brexit-the-dup-dark-money-and-a-saudi-prince-1.3083586">"What connects Brexit, the DUP, dark money and a Saudi prince?"</a>. <i>The Irish Times</i>. 16 May 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170612191427/http://www.irishtimes.com/opinion/what-connects-brexit-the-dup-dark-money-and-a-saudi-prince-1.3083586">Archived</a> from the original on 12 June 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Channel+4&rft.atitle=Tories+look+to+increase+majority+with+DUP+deal&rft.date=2016-10-04&rft.aulast=Gibbon&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.channel4.com%2Fgary-gibbon-on-politics%2Ftories-increase-majority-dup-deal%2F33628&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-conDUP-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-conDUP_68-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-40403434">"Conservatives agree pact with DUP to support May government"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 26 June 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170626150027/http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-40403434">Archived</a> from the original on 26 June 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 June</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Conservatives+agree+pact+with+DUP+to+support+May+government&rft.date=2017-06-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fuk-politics-40403434&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-41493033">"Tory-DUP deal is 'not temporary' says Nigel Dodds"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a></i>. 4 October 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171014051716/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-41493033">Archived</a> from the original on 14 October 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Tory-DUP+deal+is+%27not+temporary%27+says+Nigel+Dodds&rft.date=2017-10-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-northern-ireland-41493033&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/dublin-accused-of-hijacking-talks-9q9lwz5tp">"Dublin accused of hijacking talks"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a></i>. 25 November 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171125111851/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/dublin-accused-of-hijacking-talks-9q9lwz5tp">Archived</a> from the original on 25 November 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=Dublin+accused+of+hijacking+talks&rft.date=2017-11-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetimes.co.uk%2Farticle%2Fdublin-accused-of-hijacking-talks-9q9lwz5tp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irishnews.com/news/politicalnews/2018/10/02/news/arlene-foster-to-address-dup-reception-at-tory-conference-1447141/">"Arlene Foster to address DUP reception at Tory conference"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Irish_News" title="The Irish News">The Irish News</a></i>. 2 October 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181002121704/http://www.irishnews.com/news/politicalnews/2018/10/02/news/arlene-foster-to-address-dup-reception-at-tory-conference-1447141/">Archived</a> from the original on 2 October 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 December</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Irish+News&rft.atitle=Arlene+Foster+to+address+DUP+reception+at+Tory+conference&rft.date=2018-10-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishnews.com%2Fnews%2Fpoliticalnews%2F2018%2F10%2F02%2Fnews%2Farlene-foster-to-address-dup-reception-at-tory-conference-1447141%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-politics-46281483">"Boris Johnson and Philip Hammond 'to attend DUP conference'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a></i>. 20 November 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181205015121/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-politics-46281483">Archived</a> from the original on 5 December 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 December</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC&rft.atitle=Boris+Johnson+and+Philip+Hammond+%27to+attend+DUP+conference%27&rft.date=2018-11-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-northern-ireland-politics-46281483&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/top-tories-speak-at-1-500atable-unionist-dinners-tn3fvb6p2">"Top Tories speak at £1,500‑a‑table Unionist dinners"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a></i>. 10 March 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180514064834/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/top-tories-speak-at-1-500atable-unionist-dinners-tn3fvb6p2">Archived</a> from the original on 14 May 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=Top+Tories+speak+at+%C2%A31%2C500%E2%80%91a%E2%80%91table+Unionist+dinners&rft.date=2018-03-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetimes.co.uk%2Farticle%2Ftop-tories-speak-at-1-500atable-unionist-dinners-tn3fvb6p2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/northern-ireland/jacob-reesmogg-snubs-tories-to-appear-at-dup-fundraiser-37669069.html">"Jacob Rees-Mogg snubs Tories to appear at DUP fundraiser"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Belfast_Telegraph" title="Belfast Telegraph">Belfast Telegraph</a></i>. 31 December 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181231173623/https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/northern-ireland/jacob-reesmogg-snubs-tories-to-appear-at-dup-fundraiser-37669069.html">Archived</a> from the original on 31 December 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 December</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Belfast+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Jacob+Rees-Mogg+snubs+Tories+to+appear+at+DUP+fundraiser&rft.date=2018-12-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.belfasttelegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fnorthern-ireland%2Fjacob-reesmogg-snubs-tories-to-appear-at-dup-fundraiser-37669069.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/nigel-farages-ukip-backer-arron-banks-bolsters-his-dup-bid-gvz8wqvnt">"Nigel Farage's Ukip backer Arron Banks bolsters his DUP bid"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a></i>. 13 May 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180516020212/https://www.thetimes.co.uk/article/nigel-farages-ukip-backer-arron-banks-bolsters-his-dup-bid-gvz8wqvnt">Archived</a> from the original on 16 May 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=Nigel+Farage%27s+Ukip+backer+Arron+Banks+bolsters+his+DUP+bid&rft.date=2018-05-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetimes.co.uk%2Farticle%2Fnigel-farages-ukip-backer-arron-banks-bolsters-his-dup-bid-gvz8wqvnt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-about-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-about_76-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-38307628">"Q&A: What is the Renewable Heat Incentive (RHI) scheme?"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 13 December 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180623035603/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-38307628">Archived</a> from the original on 23 June 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Q%26A%3A+What+is+the+Renewable+Heat+Incentive+%28RHI%29+scheme%3F&rft.date=2016-12-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-northern-ireland-38307628&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcAdam2017" class="citation news cs1">McAdam, Noel (7 March 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/northern-ireland-assembly-election/i-want-one-party-for-unionism-says-dups-arlene-foster-35507746.html">"I want one party for unionism, says DUP's Arlene Foster"</a>. <i>Belfast Telegraph</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170314152458/http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/northern-ireland-assembly-election/i-want-one-party-for-unionism-says-dups-arlene-foster-35507746.html">Archived</a> from the original on 14 March 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Belfast+Telegraph&rft.atitle=I+want+one+party+for+unionism%2C+says+DUP%27s+Arlene+Foster&rft.date=2017-03-07&rft.aulast=McAdam&rft.aufirst=Noel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.belfasttelegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fnorthern-ireland-assembly-election%2Fi-want-one-party-for-unionism-says-dups-arlene-foster-35507746.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCross2018" class="citation news cs1">Cross, Gareth (10 May 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/politics/its-a-tie-dups-wells-says-removal-of-whip-gives-sinn-fein-equal-voting-power-in-northern-ireland-36893228.html">"It's a tie: DUP's Wells says removal of whip gives Sinn Fein equal voting power in Northern Ireland"</a>. <i>Belfast Telegraph</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180730140441/https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/politics/its-a-tie-dups-wells-says-removal-of-whip-gives-sinn-fein-equal-voting-power-in-northern-ireland-36893228.html">Archived</a> from the original on 30 July 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Belfast+Telegraph&rft.atitle=It%27s+a+tie%3A+DUP%27s+Wells+says+removal+of+whip+gives+Sinn+Fein+equal+voting+power+in+Northern+Ireland&rft.date=2018-05-10&rft.aulast=Cross&rft.aufirst=Gareth&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.belfasttelegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Fits-a-tie-dups-wells-says-removal-of-whip-gives-sinn-fein-equal-voting-power-in-northern-ireland-36893228.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-40208320">"Election results 2017: DUP and Sinn Féin celebrate election gains"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 9 June 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170609063813/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/election-2017-40208320">Archived</a> from the original on 9 June 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=May+reaches+deal+with+DUP+to+form+government+after+shock+election+result&rft.date=2017-06-09&rft.aulast=McDonald&rft.aufirst=Henry&rft.au=Syal%2C+Rajeecv&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2017%2Fjun%2F09%2Ftheresa-may-reaches-deal-with-dup-to-form-government-after-shock-election-result-northern-ireland&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/oct/17/dup-boris-johnson-brexit-deal">"DUP says it cannot support Boris Johnson's Brexit deal"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. 17 October 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210430161943/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2019/oct/17/dup-boris-johnson-brexit-deal">Archived</a> from the original on 30 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=DUP+says+it+cannot+support+Boris+Johnson%27s+Brexit+deal&rft.date=2019-10-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fpolitics%2F2019%2Foct%2F17%2Fdup-boris-johnson-brexit-deal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcClements2019" class="citation news cs1">McClements, Freya (13 December 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irishtimes.com/news/politics/north-returns-more-nationalist-than-unionist-mps-for-first-time-1.4114260">"North returns more nationalist than unionist MPs for first time"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Irish_Times" title="The Irish Times">The Irish Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200619002912/https://www.irishtimes.com/news/politics/north-returns-more-nationalist-than-unionist-mps-for-first-time-1.4114260">Archived</a> from the original on 19 June 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Irish+Times&rft.atitle=North+returns+more+nationalist+than+unionist+MPs+for+first+time&rft.date=2019-12-13&rft.aulast=McClements&rft.aufirst=Freya&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishtimes.com%2Fnews%2Fpolitics%2Fnorth-returns-more-nationalist-than-unionist-mps-for-first-time-1.4114260&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC280421-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-BBC280421_83-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BBC280421_83-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-56910045">"Arlene Foster announces resignation as DUP leader and NI first minister"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 28 April 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210428150537/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-56910045">Archived</a> from the original on 28 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Arlene+Foster+announces+resignation+as+DUP+leader+and+NI+first+minister&rft.date=2021-04-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-northern-ireland-56910045&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Poots_ratified-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Poots_ratified_84-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Poots_ratified_84-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-57257426">"DUP members ratify Edwin Poots as party leader"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210602230100/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-57257426">Archived</a> 2 June 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. BBC News, 27 May 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Poots_split-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Poots_split_85-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Poots_split_85-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-northern-ireland-57391692">"DUP Stormont team: Little sign of healing, say outgoing ministers"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 8 June 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210608091318/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-northern-ireland-57391692">Archived</a> from the original on 8 June 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=DUP+Stormont+team%3A+Little+sign+of+healing%2C+say+outgoing+ministers&rft.date=2021-06-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fuk-northern-ireland-57391692&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irishnews.com/news/northernirelandnews/2021/05/29/news/police-investigating-claims-of-uda-intimidation-during-dup-leadership-contest-2338748/">"Police investigating claims of UDA intimidation during DUP leadership contest"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210624195210/https://www.irishnews.com/news/northernirelandnews/2021/05/29/news/police-investigating-claims-of-uda-intimidation-during-dup-leadership-contest-2338748/">Archived</a> 24 June 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Irish_News" title="The Irish News">The Irish News</a></i>, 29 May 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/opinion/columnists/suzanne-breen/i-felt-i-never-fitted-in-the-inside-story-oftwo-rising-female-stars-dup-departure-40509402.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'I felt I never fitted in': The inside story of two rising female stars' DUP departure"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Belfast_Telegraph" title="Belfast Telegraph">Belfast Telegraph</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0307-1235">0307-1235</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210608100515/https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/opinion/columnists/suzanne-breen/i-felt-i-never-fitted-in-the-inside-story-oftwo-rising-female-stars-dup-departure-40509402.html">Archived</a> from the original on 8 June 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Belfast+Telegraph&rft.atitle=%27I+felt+I+never+fitted+in%27%3A+The+inside+story+of+two+rising+female+stars%27+DUP+departure&rft.issn=0307-1235&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.belfasttelegraph.co.uk%2Fopinion%2Fcolumnists%2Fsuzanne-breen%2Fi-felt-i-never-fitted-in-the-inside-story-oftwo-rising-female-stars-dup-departure-40509402.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-essex-57521158">"DUP leader Edwin Poots resigns amid internal party revolt"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210628071200/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-essex-57521158">Archived</a> 28 June 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. BBC News, 17 June 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-57520778">"Q&A: What went wrong for the DUP's shortest-serving leader?"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210628031853/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-57520778">Archived</a> 28 June 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. BBC News, 18 June 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKearney2021" class="citation news cs1">Kearney, Vincent (20 June 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rte.ie/news/analysis-and-comment/2021/0619/1229156-dup-leadership/">"The chaotic downfall of the DUP triumvirate"</a>. <i>RTE</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210620213746/https://www.rte.ie/news/analysis-and-comment/2021/0619/1229156-dup-leadership/">Archived</a> from the original on 20 June 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=RTE&rft.atitle=The+chaotic+downfall+of+the+DUP+triumvirate&rft.date=2021-06-20&rft.aulast=Kearney&rft.aufirst=Vincent&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rte.ie%2Fnews%2Fanalysis-and-comment%2F2021%2F0619%2F1229156-dup-leadership%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPogatchnik2021" class="citation news cs1">Pogatchnik, Shawn (22 June 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.politico.eu/article/jeffrey-donaldson-dup-leader-democratic-unionist-party-northern-ireland-brexit/">"Jeffrey Donaldson to be crowned DUP leader unopposed"</a>. <i>POLITICO</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210622142037/https://www.politico.eu/article/jeffrey-donaldson-dup-leader-democratic-unionist-party-northern-ireland-brexit/">Archived</a> from the original on 22 June 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=POLITICO&rft.atitle=Jeffrey+Donaldson+to+be+crowned+DUP+leader+unopposed&rft.date=2021-06-22&rft.aulast=Pogatchnik&rft.aufirst=Shawn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.eu%2Farticle%2Fjeffrey-donaldson-dup-leader-democratic-unionist-party-northern-ireland-brexit%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-57644499">"DUP leadership: Sir Jeffrey Donaldson ratified as party leader"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210701085404/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-57644499">Archived</a> 1 July 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. BBC News, 30 June 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-57677646">"Alex Easton: DUP MLA quits hours after Donaldson ratified as leader"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210701093451/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-57677646">Archived</a> 1 July 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. BBC News, 1 July 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-60241608">"DUP: NI First Minister Paul Givan announces resignation"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a></i>. 3 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=DUP%3A+NI+First+Minister+Paul+Givan+announces+resignation&rft.date=2022-02-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-60241608&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newsletter.co.uk/country-and-farming/dup-officers-in-south-down-representing-305-years-party-membership-dramatically-resign-jim-wells-confirms-move-to-tuv-3669014">"DUP officers in South Down, representing 305 years' party membership, dramatically resign"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_News_Letter" class="mw-redirect" title="The News Letter">The News Letter</a></i>. 26 April 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+News+Letter&rft.atitle=DUP+officers+in+South+Down%2C+representing+305+years%27+party+membership%2C+dramatically+resign&rft.date=2022-04-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newsletter.co.uk%2Fcountry-and-farming%2Fdup-officers-in-south-down-representing-305-years-party-membership-dramatically-resign-jim-wells-confirms-move-to-tuv-3669014&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-northern-ireland-61363246">"NI election results 2022: The assembly poll in maps and charts"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 8 May 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 August</span> 2023</span>. <q>The DUP has a five-point plan to build a better Northern Ireland within the Union, by supporting and boosting our National Health Service, growing our economy and creating jobs, tackling the cost of living crisis, securing a better education system and negotiating the removal of the Irish Sea Border.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=DUP&rft.atitle=Democratic+Unionist+Party+%7C+Northern+Ireland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmydup.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itv.com/news/utv/2024-01-29/dup-set-for-crunch-party-meeting-as-powersharing-deal-speculation-intensifies">"DUP set for crunch meeting as party leader briefs members on proposals to end Stormont boycott"</a>. <i>ITV Northern Ireland</i>. 29 January 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ITV+Northern+Ireland&rft.atitle=DUP+set+for+crunch+meeting+as+party+leader+briefs+members+on+proposals+to+end+Stormont+boycott&rft.date=2024-01-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.itv.com%2Fnews%2Futv%2F2024-01-29%2Fdup-set-for-crunch-party-meeting-as-powersharing-deal-speculation-intensifies&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-northern-ireland-68140442">"DUP mole 'wore a wire' to leak meeting to Jamie Bryson"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 30 January 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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McAuley, Graham Spencer. <i>Ulster Loyalism After the Good Friday Agreement</i>. Palgrave Macmillan, 2011. p. 124</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-britishness2-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-britishness2_111-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newsletter.co.uk/news/dup-fights-back-against-erosion-of-britishness-1-1871450">"DUP fights back against 'erosion of Britishness'"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171002120100/http://www.newsletter.co.uk/news/dup-fights-back-against-erosion-of-britishness-1-1871450">Archived</a> 2 October 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_News_Letter" class="mw-redirect" title="The News Letter">The News Letter</a>. 25 June 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tonge, Jonathan. <i>The Democratic Unionist Party: From Protest to Power</i>. Oxford University Press, 2014. p. 151.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Muller, Janet. <i>Language and Conflict in Northern Ireland and Canada: A Silent War</i>. Palgrave Macmillan, 2010. p. 122.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-38881559">"DUP will never agree to Irish language act, says Foster"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181111115127/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-38881559">Archived</a> 11 November 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. BBC News. 6 February 2017. Retrieved 12 June 2017.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.economist.com/news/britain/21720659-though-less-1-use-it-their-main-language-cutbacks-have-rekindled-enthusiasm">"The role of the Irish language in Northern Ireland’s deadlock"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170415142752/http://www.economist.com/news/britain/21720659-though-less-1-use-it-their-main-language-cutbacks-have-rekindled-enthusiasm">Archived</a> 15 April 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Economist" title="The Economist">The Economist</a></i>. 12 April 2017. 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The objectors fear that the UK could be permanently locked into the Backstop." <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/brexit/2019/02/25/an-arbitration-agreement-can-solve-the-backstop-blockage/">An Arbitration Agreement can solve the backstop blockage</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190617171603/https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/brexit/2019/02/25/an-arbitration-agreement-can-solve-the-backstop-blockage/">Archived</a> 17 June 2019 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Dr Ian Roxan, Associate Professor in the LSE Department of Law, 25 February 2019</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"The main problem with the Agreement is the (not time-limited) Northern Ireland backstop." <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ukandeu.ac.uk/the-way-forward-can-a-protocol-to-the-withdrawal-agreement-save-the-prime-ministers-deal/">The way forward: can a protocol to the Withdrawal Agreement save the Prime Minister’s deal?</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190617171604/https://ukandeu.ac.uk/the-way-forward-can-a-protocol-to-the-withdrawal-agreement-save-the-prime-ministers-deal/">Archived</a> 17 June 2019 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Dr Holger Hestermeyer, UK in a Changing Europe, 17 January 2019</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"This time she had to acknowledge that the Withdrawal Agreement was unacceptable to the British parliament, with the backstop identified as the main problem." <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/politics/a-possible-way-through-on-the-northern-ireland-backstop">A possible way through on the Northern Ireland backstop?</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190403184216/https://www.prospectmagazine.co.uk/politics/a-possible-way-through-on-the-northern-ireland-backstop">Archived</a> 3 April 2019 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, David Shields, <a href="/wiki/Prospect_(magazine)" title="Prospect (magazine)">Prospect</a>, 6 February 2019</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rte.ie/news/2018/1124/1013138-arlene-foster-brexit/">"Backstop must be removed if DUP to support May - Foster"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/RT%C3%89.ie" title="RTÉ.ie">RTÉ.ie</a></i>. 24 November 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190201013558/https://www.rte.ie/news/2018/1124/1013138-arlene-foster-brexit/">Archived</a> from the original on 1 February 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved 12 June 2017.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-164"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_164-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_164-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/northern-ireland/dups-iris-robinson-gays-are-more-vile-than-child-abusers/28529856.html">"DUP's Iris Robinson: Gays are more vile than child abusers"</a>. <i>BelfastTelegraph.co.uk</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0307-1235">0307-1235</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 April</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Sunday+Business+Post&rft.atitle=The+Mystery+of+the+Miami+Murders&rft.date=2005-07-31&rft.aulast=McGurk&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.patfinucanecentre.org%2Fsarmagh%2F050731bp.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Steve_Bruce_2007_p._221-185"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Steve_Bruce_2007_p._221_185-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Steve_Bruce_2007_p._221_185-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Steve Bruce, <i>Paisley: Religion and Politics in Northern Ireland</i> (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007), p. 221</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Steve_Bruce_2007_p._225-186"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Steve_Bruce_2007_p._225_186-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Steve_Bruce_2007_p._225_186-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Steve Bruce, <i>Paisley: Religion and Politics in Northern Ireland</i> (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007), p. 225</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-187"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-187">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sydney Elliott & William D. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 November</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Belfast+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Former+DUP+council+candidate+sentenced+to+eight+years+for+pipe-bomb+attack+on+Polish+neighbours&rft.date=2013-04-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.belfasttelegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fnorthern-ireland%2Fformer-dup-council-candidate-sentenced-to-eight-years-for-pipe-bomb-attack-on-polish-neighbours-29206287.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-191"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-191">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newsletter.co.uk/news/jamie-bryson-confuses-me-says-pup-s-billy-hutchinson-1-5942832">"Jamie Bryson confuses me, says PUP's Billy Hutchinson"</a>. <i>www.newsletter.co.uk</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191018103539/https://www.newsletter.co.uk/news/jamie-bryson-confuses-me-says-pup-s-billy-hutchinson-1-5942832">Archived</a> from the original on 18 October 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 October</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.newsletter.co.uk&rft.atitle=Jamie+Bryson+confuses+me%2C+says+PUP%27s+Billy+Hutchinson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newsletter.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fjamie-bryson-confuses-me-says-pup-s-billy-hutchinson-1-5942832&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-192"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-192">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irishnews.com/news/northernirelandnews/2023/01/23/news/dup_councillor_takes_part_in_controversial_parade_to_remember_murdered_uda_man_jim_guiney-3012345/">"DUP councillor takes part in controversial parade to remember murdered UDA man Jim Guiney"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Irish_News" title="The Irish News">The Irish News</a></i>. 23 January 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230123055344/https://www.irishnews.com/news/northernirelandnews/2023/01/23/news/dup_councillor_takes_part_in_controversial_parade_to_remember_murdered_uda_man_jim_guiney-3012345/">Archived</a> from the original on 23 January 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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The only thing that is new is the fact he's been selected to run for the DUP in the council elections"</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 April</span> 2023</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=I+wrote+about+DUP+candidate+Tyler+Hoey+almost+three+years+ago.+The+only+thing+that+is+new+is+the+fact+he%27s+been+selected+to+run+for+the+DUP+in+the+council+elections.&rft.date=2023-03-18&rft.au=Patricia+Devlin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fx.com%2Ftrishdevlin%2Fstatus%2F1637184552819990528&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-194"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-194">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/northern-ireland/dup-candidates-social-media-posts-indefensible-but-in-the-past-donaldson/94048111.html/">"DUP candidate's social media posts 'indefensible but in the past' – Donaldson"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Belfast_Telegraph" title="Belfast Telegraph">Belfast Telegraph</a></i>. 20 March 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230320155101/https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/northern-ireland/dup-candidates-social-media-posts-indefensible-but-in-the-past-donaldson/94048111.html/">Archived</a> from the original on 20 March 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 September</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Belfast+Telegraph&rft.atitle=DUP%27s+Cheryl+Brownlee+to+replace+David+Hilditch+as+East+Antrim+MLA&rft.date=2023-09-15&rft.issn=0307-1235&rft.aulast=Reid&rft.aufirst=Kurtis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.belfasttelegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fnorthern-ireland%2Fdups-cheryl-brownlee-to-replace-david-hilditch-as-east-antrim-mla%2Fa796155625.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dodds_co-option-203"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-dodds_co-option_203-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itv.com/news/utv/2019-12-23/dup-s-diane-dodds-to-become-upper-bann-mla/">"DUP's Diane Dodds to become Upper Bann MLA"</a>. <i>itv.com</i>. 23 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=itv.com&rft.atitle=DUP%27s+Diane+Dodds+to+become+Upper+Bann+MLA&rft.date=2019-12-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.itv.com%2Fnews%2Futv%2F2019-12-23%2Fdup-s-diane-dodds-to-become-upper-bann-mla%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-204"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-204">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPreston2021" class="citation news cs1">Preston, Allan (16 June 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/northern-ireland/dup-mla-gordon-dunnes-son-to-take-over-his-seat-at-stormont-assembly-40547861.html">"DUP MLA Gordon Dunne's son to take over his seat at Stormont Assembly"</a>. <i>Belfasttelegraph</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Belfasttelegraph&rft.atitle=DUP+MLA+Gordon+Dunne%27s+son+to+take+over+his+seat+at+Stormont+Assembly&rft.date=2021-06-16&rft.aulast=Preston&rft.aufirst=Allan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.belfasttelegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fnorthern-ireland%2Fdup-mla-gordon-dunnes-son-to-take-over-his-seat-at-stormont-assembly-40547861.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-205"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-205">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ulsterherald.com/2021/10/07/ex-herald-journalist-replaces-arlene-foster-as-mla/">"Ex-Herald journalist replaces Arlene Foster as MLA"</a>. <i>Ulster Herald</i>. 7 October 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ulster+Herald&rft.atitle=Ex-Herald+journalist+replaces+Arlene+Foster+as+MLA&rft.date=2021-10-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fulsterherald.com%2F2021%2F10%2F07%2Fex-herald-journalist-replaces-arlene-foster-as-mla%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-206"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-206">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mydup.com/our-team/paul-frew">"Paul Frew MLA"</a>. <i>DUP</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=DUP&rft.atitle=Paul+Frew+MLA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmydup.com%2Four-team%2Fpaul-frew&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-207"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-207">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/breaking-news/uk-ireland/givan-to-take-up-donaldsons-role-14839847.html">"Givan to take up Donaldson's role"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Belfast_Telegraph" title="Belfast Telegraph">Belfast Telegraph</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100614065504/http://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/breaking-news/uk-ireland/givan-to-take-up-donaldsons-role-14839847.html">Archived</a> from the original on 14 June 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Belfast+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Givan+to+take+up+Donaldson%27s+role&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.belfasttelegraph.co.uk%2Fbreaking-news%2Fuk-ireland%2Fgivan-to-take-up-donaldsons-role-14839847.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ainsworth-208"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ainsworth_208-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAinsworth2019" class="citation news cs1">Ainsworth, Paul (7 September 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irishnews.com/news/northernirelandnews/2019/09/07/news/newry-and-mourne-councillor-harry-harvey-named-as-dup-replacement-for-simon-hamilton-as-strangford-mla-1706030/">"Newry and Mourne councillor Harry Harvey named as DUP replacement for Simon Hamilton as Strangford MLA"</a>. <i>Irish News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Irish+News&rft.atitle=Newry+and+Mourne+councillor+Harry+Harvey+named+as+DUP+replacement+for+Simon+Hamilton+as+Strangford+MLA&rft.date=2019-09-07&rft.aulast=Ainsworth&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.irishnews.com%2Fnews%2Fnorthernirelandnews%2F2019%2F09%2F07%2Fnews%2Fnewry-and-mourne-councillor-harry-harvey-named-as-dup-replacement-for-simon-hamilton-as-strangford-mla-1706030%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bt-209"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bt_209-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/northern-ireland/dup-announce-harry-harvey-as-mla-replacing-simon-hamilton-38474088.html">"DUP announce Harry Harvey as MLA replacing Simon Hamilton"</a>. <i>Belfast Telegraph</i>. 6 September 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Belfast+Telegraph&rft.atitle=DUP+announce+Harry+Harvey+as+MLA+replacing+Simon+Hamilton&rft.date=2019-09-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.belfasttelegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fnorthern-ireland%2Fdup-announce-harry-harvey-as-mla-replacing-simon-hamilton-38474088.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-210"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-210">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-northern-ireland-61399657">"Emma Little-Pengelly to take Donaldson's MLA seat"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 12 May 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 May</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Emma+Little-Pengelly+to+take+Donaldson%27s+MLA+seat&rft.date=2022-05-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fuk-northern-ireland-61399657&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-211"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-211">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-northern-ireland-33869676">"Gordon Lyons to replace Sammy Wilson as East Antrim MLA"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a></i>, 11 August 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-212"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-212">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/c51y5v58x1po">"DUP councillor nominated for Easton Stormont seat"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a></i>, 10 July 2024.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-londonderrysentinel1-213"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-londonderrysentinel1_213-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.londonderrysentinel.co.uk/news/local-news/gary-middleton-pays-tribute-to-dup-colleagues-1-6677317">"Gary Middleton pays tribute to DUP colleagues"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Londonderry_Sentinel" title="Londonderry Sentinel">Londonderry Sentinel</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Londonderry+Sentinel&rft.atitle=Gary+Middleton+pays+tribute+to+DUP+colleagues&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.londonderrysentinel.co.uk%2Fnews%2Flocal-news%2Fgary-middleton-pays-tribute-to-dup-colleagues-1-6677317&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemocratic+Unionist+Party" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democratic_Unionist_Party&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mydup.com/">Official website</a></span></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215519#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Democratic_Unionist_Party" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#D46A4C;color:white;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar 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talk:Democratic Unionist Party"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Democratic_Unionist_Party" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Democratic Unionist Party"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Democratic_Unionist_Party" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><span style="color:white;">Democratic Unionist Party</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#D46A4C;color:white;">Leadership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#D46A4C;color:white;">Leaders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ian_Paisley" title="Ian Paisley">Ian Paisley</a> (1971–2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Robinson_(Northern_Ireland_politician)" title="Peter Robinson (Northern Ireland politician)">Peter Robinson</a> (2008–15)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arlene_Foster" title="Arlene Foster">Arlene Foster</a> (2015–21)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Poots" title="Edwin Poots">Edwin Poots</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Donaldson" title="Jeffrey Donaldson">Jeffrey Donaldson</a> (2021–2024)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gavin_Robinson" title="Gavin Robinson">Gavin Robinson</a> (interim, 2024–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#D46A4C;color:white;">Deputy leaders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Beattie_(politician)" title="William Beattie (politician)">William Beattie</a> (1971–80)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Robinson_(Northern_Ireland_politician)" title="Peter Robinson (Northern Ireland politician)">Peter Robinson</a> (1980–2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigel_Dodds" title="Nigel Dodds">Nigel Dodds</a> (2008–2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paula_Bradley" title="Paula Bradley">Paula Bradley</a> (2021–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#D46A4C;color:white;">Chairs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Desmond_Boal" title="Desmond Boal">Desmond Boal</a> (1971–73)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Beattie_(politician)" title="William Beattie (politician)">William Beattie</a> (1973–80)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_McClure_(Unionist_politician)" title="James McClure (Unionist politician)">James McClure</a> (1980–2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Morrow" title="Maurice Morrow">Maurice Morrow</a> (2000–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#D46A4C;color:white;">General secretaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Robinson_(Northern_Ireland_politician)" title="Peter Robinson (Northern Ireland politician)">Peter Robinson</a> (1975–79)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Beattie_(politician)" title="William Beattie (politician)">William Beattie</a> (1980–83)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Kane_(politician)" title="Alan Kane (politician)">Alan Kane</a> (1983–92)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigel_Dodds" title="Nigel Dodds">Nigel Dodds</a> (1993–2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelle_McIlveen" title="Michelle McIlveen">Michelle McIlveen</a> (2008–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#D46A4C;color:white;">Leadership elections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/May_2021_Democratic_Unionist_Party_leadership_election" title="May 2021 Democratic Unionist Party leadership election">May 2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_2021_Democratic_Unionist_Party_leadership_election" title="June 2021 Democratic Unionist Party leadership election">June 2021</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#D46A4C;color:white;">Elected representatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#D46A4C;color:white;"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Assembly" title="Northern Ireland Assembly"><span style="color:white;">Northern <br />Ireland Assembly</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Bradley" title="Maurice Bradley">Maurice Bradley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phillip_Brett_(politician)" title="Phillip Brett (politician)">Phillip Brett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Brooks_(Northern_Irish_politician)" title="David Brooks (Northern Irish politician)">David Brooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheryl_Brownlee" title="Cheryl Brownlee">Cheryl Brownlee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keith_Buchanan" title="Keith Buchanan">Keith Buchanan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Buchanan_(Unionist_politician)" title="Thomas Buchanan (Unionist politician)">Thomas Buchanan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Buckley" title="Jonathan Buckley">Jonathan Buckley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joanne_Bunting" title="Joanne Bunting">Joanne Bunting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pam_Cameron" title="Pam Cameron">Pam Cameron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trevor_Clarke" title="Trevor Clarke">Trevor Clarke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diane_Dodds" title="Diane Dodds">Diane Dodds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Dunne_(politician)" title="Stephen Dunne (politician)">Stephen Dunne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deborah_Erskine" title="Deborah Erskine">Deborah Erskine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diane_Forsythe" title="Diane Forsythe">Diane Forsythe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Frew" title="Paul Frew">Paul Frew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Givan" title="Paul Givan">Paul Givan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Harvey_(politician)" title="Harry Harvey (politician)">Harry Harvey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Irwin_(Unionist_politician)" title="William Irwin (Unionist politician)">William Irwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Kingston" title="Brian Kingston">Brian Kingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emma_Little-Pengelly" title="Emma Little-Pengelly">Emma Little-Pengelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Lyons" title="Gordon Lyons">Gordon Lyons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelle_McIlveen" title="Michelle McIlveen">Michelle McIlveen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_Middleton" title="Gary Middleton">Gary Middleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_Poots" title="Edwin Poots">Edwin Poots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Robinson_(Northern_Irish_politician)" title="Alan Robinson (Northern Irish politician)">Alan Robinson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#D46A4C;color:white;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom"><span style="color:white;">Westminster</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Democratic_Unionist_Party_MPs" title="List of Democratic Unionist Party MPs">(MPs 1971–2019)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Democratic_Unionist_Party_MPs_(2005%E2%80%932010)" title="List of Democratic Unionist Party MPs (2005–2010)">MPs (2005–2010)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_Campbell_(politician)" title="Gregory Campbell (politician)">Gregory Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carla_Lockhart" title="Carla Lockhart">Carla Lockhart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gavin_Robinson" title="Gavin Robinson">Gavin Robinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Shannon" title="Jim Shannon">Jim Shannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sammy_Wilson_(politician)" title="Sammy Wilson (politician)">Sammy Wilson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#D46A4C;color:white;">Ennobled representatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#D46A4C;color:white;"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Lords" title="House of Lords"><span style="color:white;">House of Lords</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wallace_Browne,_Baron_Browne_of_Belmont" title="Wallace Browne, Baron Browne of Belmont">The Lord Browne of Belmont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willie_Hay,_Baron_Hay_of_Ballyore" title="Willie Hay, Baron Hay of Ballyore">The Lord Hay of Ballyore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Morrow" title="Maurice Morrow">The Lord Morrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_McCrea,_Baron_McCrea_of_Magherafelt_and_Cookstown" title="William McCrea, Baron McCrea of Magherafelt and Cookstown">The Lord McCrea of Magherafelt and Cookstown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nigel_Dodds" title="Nigel Dodds">The Lord Dodds of Duncairn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Weir,_Baron_Weir_of_Ballyholme" class="mw-redirect" title="Peter Weir, Baron Weir of Ballyholme">The Lord Weir of Ballyholme</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#D46A4C;color:white;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Democratic_Unionist_Party" title="Category:Democratic Unionist Party"><span style="color:white;">Related topics</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Unionist_Party_election_results" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic Unionist Party election results">Election results</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative%E2%80%93DUP_agreement" title="Conservative–DUP agreement">Conservative–DUP agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_Protestant_Action" title="Ulster Protestant Action">Ulster Protestant Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_Unionist_Party" title="Protestant Unionist Party">Protestant Unionist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Unionist_Voice" title="Traditional Unionist Voice">Traditional Unionist Voice</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Links_to_related_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Links_to_related_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Links to related articles</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Political_parties_in_Northern_Ireland" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Political_parties_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Template:Political parties in Northern Ireland"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Political_parties_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Template talk:Political parties in Northern Ireland"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Political_parties_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Political parties in Northern Ireland"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Political_parties_in_Northern_Ireland" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Northern_Ireland" title="List of political parties in Northern Ireland">Political parties in Northern Ireland</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_Legislative_Assembly_(Northern_Ireland)" title="Member of the Legislative Assembly (Northern Ireland)">MLAs</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Assembly" title="Northern Ireland Assembly">Northern Ireland Assembly</a> (90)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Unionism_in_Ireland" title="Unionism in Ireland">Unionist</a> (37)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Democratic Unionist Party</a> (25)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_Unionist_Party" title="Ulster Unionist Party">Ulster Unionist Party</a> (9)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Unionist_Voice" title="Traditional Unionist Voice">Traditional Unionist Voice</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Unionist" title="Independent Unionist">Independent</a> (2)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Irish_nationalism" title="Irish nationalism">Nationalist</a> (35)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Sinn Féin">Sinn Féin</a> (27)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_and_Labour_Party" title="Social Democratic and Labour Party">Social Democratic and Labour Party</a> (8)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other (18)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_Party_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Alliance Party of Northern Ireland">Alliance Party of Northern Ireland</a> (17)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/People_Before_Profit" title="People Before Profit">People Before Profit</a> (1)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Member_of_Parliament_(United_Kingdom)" title="Member of Parliament (United Kingdom)">MPs</a> in the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">House of Commons</a> (18 of 650)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Sinn Féin">Sinn Féin</a><sup>†</sup> (7)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Democratic Unionist Party</a> (5)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_and_Labour_Party" title="Social Democratic and Labour Party">Social Democratic and Labour Party</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_Party_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Alliance Party of Northern Ireland">Alliance Party of Northern Ireland</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Unionist_Voice" title="Traditional Unionist Voice">Traditional Unionist Voice</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_Unionist_Party" title="Ulster Unionist Party">Ulster Unionist Party</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Easton" title="Alex Easton">Independent</a> (1)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Councillor" title="Councillor">Councillors</a> in <a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Local government in Northern Ireland">local<br />unitary authorities</a> (462)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Sinn Féin">Sinn Féin</a> (144)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Democratic Unionist Party</a> (122)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_Party_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Alliance Party of Northern Ireland">Alliance Party of Northern Ireland</a> (67)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_Unionist_Party" title="Ulster Unionist Party">Ulster Unionist Party</a> (54)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_and_Labour_Party" title="Social Democratic and Labour Party">Social Democratic and Labour Party</a> (39)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independent</a> (19)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Unionist_Voice" title="Traditional Unionist Voice">Traditional Unionist Voice</a> (9)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Party_Northern_Ireland" title="Green Party Northern Ireland">Green Party Northern Ireland</a> (5)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/People_Before_Profit" title="People Before Profit">People Before Profit</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_Unionist_Party" title="Progressive Unionist Party">Progressive Unionist Party</a> (1)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><sup>†</sup>Sinn Féin have elected members and offices at Westminster, but as <a href="/wiki/Abstentionism" title="Abstentionism">abstentionists</a> do not take their seats.</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Politics of Northern Ireland">Politics of Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Northern_Ireland" title="Elections in Northern Ireland">Elections in Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_by_country" class="mw-redirect" title="List of political parties by country">List of political parties by country</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Political_parties_in_the_United_Kingdom" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Political_parties_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Template:Political parties in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Political_parties_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Template talk:Political parties in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Political_parties_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Political parties in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Political_parties_in_the_United_Kingdom" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of political parties in the United Kingdom">Political parties in the United Kingdom</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Legislatures_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Legislatures of the United Kingdom">Legislatures of the United Kingdom</a> (and their current compositions)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="House of Commons of the United Kingdom">House of Commons</a> (650)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> (404, including 43 <a href="/wiki/Labour_and_Co-operative_Party" title="Labour and Co-operative Party">Labour Co-op</a>*)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> (121)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democrats_(UK)" title="Liberal Democrats (UK)">Liberal Democrats</a> (72)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Party" title="Scottish National Party">SNP</a> (9)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Sinn Féin">Sinn Féin</a><sup>†</sup> (7)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">DUP</a> (5)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reform_UK" title="Reform UK">Reform</a> (5)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Party_of_England_and_Wales" title="Green Party of England and Wales">Green (E&W)</a> (4)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plaid_Cymru" title="Plaid Cymru">Plaid Cymru</a> (4)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_and_Labour_Party" title="Social Democratic and Labour Party">SDLP</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_Party_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Alliance Party of Northern Ireland">Alliance</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Unionist_Voice" title="Traditional Unionist Voice">TUV</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_Unionist_Party" title="Ulster Unionist Party">UUP</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independents</a> (13)<sup>‡</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speaker_of_the_House_of_Commons_(United_Kingdom)" title="Speaker of the House of Commons (United Kingdom)">Speaker</a> (1)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Lords" title="House of Lords">House of Lords</a> (806)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative</a> (273)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crossbencher" title="Crossbencher">Crossbenchers</a> (185)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour</a> (187)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democrats_(UK)" title="Liberal Democrats (UK)">Liberal Democrats</a> (78)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">DUP</a> (6)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_Unionist_Party" title="Ulster Unionist Party">UUP</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Party_of_England_and_Wales" title="Green Party of England and Wales">Green (E&W)</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plaid_Cymru" title="Plaid Cymru">Plaid Cymru</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_Speaker" title="Lord Speaker">Lord Speaker</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-affiliated_members_of_the_House_of_Lords#List_of_Non-affiliated_Peers" title="Non-affiliated members of the House of Lords">Non-affiliated</a> (43)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-affiliated_members_of_the_House_of_Lords#List_of_Independent_Peers" title="Non-affiliated members of the House of Lords">Independents</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lords_Spiritual" title="Lords Spiritual">Lords Spiritual</a> (25)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Parliament" title="Scottish Parliament">Scottish Parliament</a> (129)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Party" title="Scottish National Party">Scottish National Party</a> (63)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Conservatives" title="Scottish Conservatives">Scottish Conservatives</a> (31)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Labour" title="Scottish Labour">Scottish Labour</a> (22)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Greens" title="Scottish Greens">Scottish Greens</a> (7)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Liberal_Democrats" title="Scottish Liberal Democrats">Scottish Liberal Democrats</a> (4)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alba_Party" title="Alba Party">Alba</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presiding_Officer_of_the_Scottish_Parliament" title="Presiding Officer of the Scottish Parliament">Presiding Officer</a> (1)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Senedd" title="Senedd">Senedd</a> (60)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Labour" title="Welsh Labour">Welsh Labour</a> (30)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Conservatives" title="Welsh Conservatives">Welsh Conservatives</a> (16)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plaid_Cymru" title="Plaid Cymru">Plaid Cymru</a> (12)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Liberal_Democrats" title="Welsh Liberal Democrats">Welsh Liberal Democrats</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_politician" title="Independent politician">Independent</a> (1)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Assembly" title="Northern Ireland Assembly">Northern Ireland Assembly</a> (90)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Sinn Féin">Sinn Féin</a> (27)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">DUP</a> (24)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_Party_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Alliance Party of Northern Ireland">Alliance</a> (17)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_Unionist_Party" title="Ulster Unionist Party">Ulster Unionist</a> (9)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_and_Labour_Party" title="Social Democratic and Labour Party">SDLP</a> (7)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Unionist" title="Independent Unionist">Independent Unionists</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Unionist_Voice" title="Traditional Unionist Voice">Traditional Unionist Voice</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/People_Before_Profit" title="People Before Profit">People Before Profit</a> (1)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independent_Nationalist" title="Independent Nationalist">Independent Nationalist</a> (1)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/London_Assembly" title="London Assembly">London Assembly</a> (25)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/London_Labour" title="London Labour">London Labour</a> (11)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Conservatives" title="London Conservatives">London Conservatives</a> (8)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Green_Party" title="London Green Party">London Greens</a> (3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Liberal_Democrats" title="London Liberal Democrats">London Liberal Democrats</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reform_UK" title="Reform UK">Reform UK</a> (1)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abolish_the_Welsh_Assembly_Party" title="Abolish the Welsh Assembly Party">Abolish the Welsh Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_Welfare_Party" title="Animal Welfare Party">Animal Welfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aspire_(political_party)" title="Aspire (political party)">Aspire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Britain_First" title="Britain First">Britain First</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Peoples_Alliance" title="Christian Peoples Alliance">Christian Peoples Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Democrats" title="English Democrats">English Democrats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Party_Northern_Ireland" title="Green Party Northern Ireland">Green (NI)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heritage_Party_(UK)" title="Heritage Party (UK)">Heritage Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Justice_%26_Anti-Corruption_Party" title="The Justice & Anti-Corruption Party">Justice & Anti-Corruption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK,_1989)" title="Liberal Party (UK, 1989)">Liberal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincolnshire_Independents" title="Lincolnshire Independents">Lincolnshire Independents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propel_(political_party)" title="Propel (political party)">Propel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reclaim_Party" title="Reclaim Party">Reclaim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rejoin_EU" title="Rejoin EU">Rejoin EU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_(UK,_1990%E2%80%93present)" title="Social Democratic Party (UK, 1990–present)">Social Democratic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK_Independence_Party" title="UK Independence Party">UKIP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Equality_Party" title="Women's Equality Party">Women's Equality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers_Party_of_Britain" title="Workers Party of Britain">Workers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yorkshire_Party" title="Yorkshire Party">Yorkshire</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">*<a href="/wiki/Co-operative_Party" title="Co-operative Party">Co-operative Party</a> candidates stand jointly with the Labour Party. <sup>‡</sup>5 independent MPs work together in the <a href="/wiki/Independent_Alliance_(UK)" title="Independent Alliance (UK)">Independent Alliance</a> <a href="/wiki/Technical_group" title="Technical group">technical group</a>. <sup>†</sup>Sinn Féin have elected members and offices at Westminster, but as <a href="/wiki/Abstentionism" title="Abstentionism">abstentionists</a> do not take their seats.</div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_the_United_Kingdom_by_representation" title="List of political parties in the United Kingdom by representation">List of political parties by representation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Politics of the United Kingdom">Politics of the United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Nationalism_in_the_United_Kingdom" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Nationalism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Template:Nationalism in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Nationalism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Template talk:Nationalism in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Nationalism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Nationalism in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Nationalism_in_the_United_Kingdom" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Nationalism" title="Nationalism">Nationalism</a> in the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">British</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_national_identity" title="British national identity">British national identity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_nationalism" title="British nationalism">Nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republicanism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Republicanism in the United Kingdom">Republicanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loyalism" title="Loyalism">Loyalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Far-right_politics_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Far-right politics in the United Kingdom">Far-right</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_fascism" title="British fascism">Fascism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unionism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Unionism in the United Kingdom">Unionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federalism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Federalism in the United Kingdom">Federalism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Britain_First" title="Britain First">Britain First</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Britannica_Party" title="Britannica Party">Britannica Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Democratic_Party_(2013)" title="British Democratic Party (2013)">British Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_National_Party" title="British National Party">British National Party</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Candour_(magazine)" title="Candour (magazine)">Candour</a></i></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Democratic Unionist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_GB" title="Liberty GB">Liberty GB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Front_(UK)" title="National Front (UK)">National Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patriotic_Alternative" title="Patriotic Alternative">Patriotic Alternative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Unionist_Voice" title="Traditional Unionist Voice">Traditional Unionist Voice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK_Independence_Party" title="UK Independence Party">UK Independence Party</a></li></ul> <p><small>Does not include organisations focused on <a href="/wiki/Unionism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Unionism in the United Kingdom">Unionism</a> which do not mention <a href="/wiki/British_nationalism" title="British nationalism">British nationalism</a> in their official makeup.</small> </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cornish</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cornish_Assembly" title="Cornish Assembly">Devolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornish_nationalism" title="Cornish nationalism">Nationalism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mebyon_Kernow" title="Mebyon Kernow">Mebyon Kernow</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">English</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/English_national_identity" title="English national identity">English national identity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_nationalism" title="English nationalism">Nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_independence" title="English independence">Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devolved_English_parliament" title="Devolved English parliament">Devolution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Devolution_to_the_North_of_England" title="Devolution to the North of England">North of England</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unionism_in_England" title="Unionism in England">Unionism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/English_Constitution_Party" title="English Constitution Party">English Constitution Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Democrats" title="English Democrats">English Democrats</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Irish</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irish_nationalism" title="Irish nationalism">Nationalism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Protestant_Irish_nationalists" title="Protestant Irish nationalists">Protestant</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_republicanism" title="Irish republicanism">Republicanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Ireland" title="United Ireland">Unification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unionism_in_Ireland" title="Unionism in Ireland">Unionism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_unionist" title="Catholic unionist">Catholic</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aont%C3%BA" title="Aontú">Aontú</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89ir%C3%ADg%C3%AD" title="Éirígí">Éirígí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Republican_Socialist_Party" title="Irish Republican Socialist Party">Irish Republican Socialist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republican_Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Republican Sinn Féin">Republican Sinn Féin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saoradh" title="Saoradh">Saoradh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Sinn Féin">Sinn Féin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_and_Labour_Party" title="Social Democratic and Labour Party">Social Democratic and Labour Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Scottish</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_national_identity" title="Scottish national identity">Scottish national identity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_independence" title="Scottish independence">Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_devolution" title="Scottish devolution">Devolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_nationalism" title="Scottish nationalism">Nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_republicanism" title="Scottish republicanism">Republicanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unionism_in_Scotland" title="Unionism in Scotland">Unionism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alba_Party" title="Alba Party">Alba Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Party" title="Scottish National Party">Scottish National Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siol_nan_Gaidheal" title="Siol nan Gaidheal">Siol nan Gaidheal</a></li></ul> <p><small>Does not include organisations supportive of <a href="/wiki/Unionism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Unionism in the United Kingdom">Unionism</a> or <a href="/wiki/Scottish_independence" title="Scottish independence">Scottish independence</a> without mentioning nationalism in their official makeup.</small> </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ulster</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_nationalism" title="Ulster nationalism">Nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_loyalism" title="Ulster loyalism">Loyalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partitionism" title="Partitionism">Partitionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two_nations_theory_(Ireland)" title="Two nations theory (Ireland)">Two nations theory</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_Third_Way" title="Ulster Third Way">Ulster Third Way</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Welsh</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_national_identity" class="mw-redirect" title="Welsh national identity">Welsh national identity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_independence" title="Welsh independence">Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_devolution" title="Welsh devolution">Devolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_nationalism" title="Welsh nationalism">Nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_republicanism" title="Welsh republicanism">Republicanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unionism_in_Wales" title="Unionism in Wales">Unionism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gwlad" title="Gwlad">Gwlad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plaid_Cymru" title="Plaid Cymru">Plaid Cymru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propel_(political_party)" title="Propel (political party)">Propel</a></li></ul> <p><small>Does not include organisations supportive of <a href="/wiki/Unionism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Unionism in the United Kingdom">Unionism</a> or <a href="/wiki/Welsh_independence" title="Welsh independence">Welsh independence</a> without mentioning nationalism in their official makeup.</small> </p> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Executive_Office_of_Northern_Ireland" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Executive_Office_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Template:Executive Office of Northern Ireland"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Executive_Office_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Template talk:Executive Office of Northern Ireland"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Executive_Office_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Executive Office of Northern Ireland"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Executive_Office_of_Northern_Ireland" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Executive_Office_(Northern_Ireland)" title="Executive Office (Northern Ireland)">Executive Office of Northern Ireland</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Headquarters: <a href="/wiki/Stormont_Castle" title="Stormont Castle">Stormont Castle</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_government_departments,_their_agencies_and_their_ministers_in_Northern_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="List of government departments, their agencies and their ministers in Northern Ireland">Department</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/First_Minister_and_deputy_First_Minister_of_Northern_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="First Minister and deputy First Minister of Northern Ireland">First Minister</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/D%27Hondt_method" title="D'Hondt method">Party allocation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cross-community_vote" title="Cross-community vote">Designated Nationalist</a>: <a href="/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Sinn Féin">Sinn Féin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/First_Minister_and_deputy_First_Minister_of_Northern_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="First Minister and deputy First Minister of Northern Ireland">First Minister</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michelle_O%27Neill" title="Michelle O'Neill">Michelle O'Neill</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Junior_Minister_(Northern_Ireland)" title="Junior Minister (Northern Ireland)">Junior Minister</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aisling_Reilly" title="Aisling Reilly">Aisling Reilly</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/First_Minister_and_deputy_First_Minister_of_Northern_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="First Minister and deputy First Minister of Northern Ireland">deputy First Minister</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/D%27Hondt_method" title="D'Hondt method">Party allocation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cross-community_vote" title="Cross-community vote">Designated Unionist</a>: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Democratic Unionist Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/First_Minister_and_deputy_First_Minister_of_Northern_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="First Minister and deputy First Minister of Northern Ireland">deputy First Minister</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emma_Little-Pengelly" title="Emma Little-Pengelly">Emma Little-Pengelly</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Junior_Minister_(Northern_Ireland)" title="Junior Minister (Northern Ireland)">Junior Minister</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pam_Cameron" title="Pam Cameron">Pam Cameron</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Office" title="Northern Ireland Office">Permanent Secretary</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Julie_Harrison&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Julie Harrison (page does not exist)">Julie Harrison</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Scrutiny</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Committee_for_the_Executive_Office" title="Committee for the Executive Office">Committee for the Executive Office</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Executive_agency" title="Executive agency">Executive agencies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Northern Ireland Bureau</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_Northern_Ireland_Executive_in_Brussels" title="Office of the Northern Ireland Executive in Brussels">Office of the Northern Ireland Executive in Brussels</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Website: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.executive-ni.gov.uk">executive-ni.gov.uk</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="2011_United_Kingdom_Alternative_Vote_referendum" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:2011_United_Kingdom_Alternative_Vote_referendum" title="Template:2011 United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:2011_United_Kingdom_Alternative_Vote_referendum" title="Template talk:2011 United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:2011_United_Kingdom_Alternative_Vote_referendum" title="Special:EditPage/Template:2011 United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="2011_United_Kingdom_Alternative_Vote_referendum" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/2011_United_Kingdom_Alternative_Vote_referendum" title="2011 United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum">2011 United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Results_of_the_United_Kingdom_Alternative_Vote_referendum,_2011" class="mw-redirect" title="Results of the United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, 2011">Results</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Referendum question</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">"At present, the UK uses the “first past the post” system to elect MPs to the House of Commons. Should the “alternative vote” system be used instead?"</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legislation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parliamentary_Voting_System_and_Constituencies_Act_2011" title="Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011">Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em">For a "Yes" vote</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_Party_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Alliance Party of Northern Ireland">Alliance Party of Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Party_(UK)" title="Christian Party (UK)">Christian Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Peoples_Alliance" title="Christian Peoples Alliance">Christian Peoples Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Democrats" title="English Democrats">English Democrats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Party_of_England_and_Wales" title="Green Party of England and Wales">Green Party of England and Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democrats_(UK)" title="Liberal Democrats (UK)">Liberal Democrats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(UK,_1989)" title="Liberal Party (UK, 1989)">Liberal Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mebyon_Kernow" title="Mebyon Kernow">Mebyon Kernow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirate_Party_UK" title="Pirate Party UK">Pirate Party UK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plaid_Cymru" title="Plaid Cymru">Plaid Cymru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Greens" title="Scottish Greens">Scottish Greens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_National_Party" title="Scottish National Party">Scottish National Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_and_Labour_Party" title="Social Democratic and Labour Party">SDLP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Sinn Féin">Sinn Féin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK_Independence_Party" title="UK Independence Party">UKIP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libertarian_Party_(UK)" title="Libertarian Party (UK)">Libertarian Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em">Neutral/split</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Labour_Party_(UK)" title="Labour Party (UK)">Labour Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_Great_Britain" title="Socialist Party of Great Britain">Socialist Party of Great Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Official_Monster_Raving_Loony_Party" title="Official Monster Raving Loony Party">Official Monster Raving Loony Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em">For a "No" vote</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_National_Party" title="British National Party">British National Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Britain" title="Communist Party of Britain">Communist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_(UK)" title="Conservative Party (UK)">Conservative Party</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Democratic Unionist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/England_First_Party" title="England First Party">England First Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Party_Northern_Ireland" title="Green Party Northern Ireland">Green Party Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Respect_Party" title="Respect Party">Respect Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_(England_and_Wales)" title="Socialist Party (England and Wales)">Socialist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Unionist_Voice" title="Traditional Unionist Voice">Traditional Unionist Voice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulster_Unionist_Party" title="Ulster Unionist Party">Ulster Unionist Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Advocacy groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em">Advocating a "Yes" vote</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/YES!_To_Fairer_Votes" title="YES! To Fairer Votes">YES! To Fairer Votes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em">Advocating a "No" vote</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NOtoAV" title="NOtoAV">NOtoAV</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Print media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em">For a "Yes" vote</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Financial_Times" title="Financial Times">Financial Times</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Daily_Mirror" title="Daily Mirror">Daily Mirror</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:15em">For a "No" vote</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Sun_(United_Kingdom)" title="The Sun (United Kingdom)">The Sun</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Daily_Mail" title="Daily Mail">Daily Mail</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Times" title="The Times">The Times</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Daily_Express" title="Daily Express">Daily Express</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Economist" title="The Economist">The Economist</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Evening_Standard" title="Evening Standard">Evening Standard</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><a href="/wiki/Portal:Politics" title="Portal:Politics">Politics Portal</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215519#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215519#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215519#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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