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cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-edit"> Edit </a> </li> </ul> </nav>  <div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style>Nikoli Co., Ltd. (<a href="/wiki/Japanese_language" title="Japanese language">Japanese</a>: 株式会社ニコリ, <a href="/wiki/Hepburn_romanization" title="Hepburn romanization">Hepburn</a>: <a href="/wiki/Kabushiki-gaisha" class="mw-redirect" title="Kabushiki-gaisha">Kabushiki-gaisha</a>, Nikori) is a Japanese publisher that specializes in <a href="/wiki/Game" title="Game">games</a> and, especially, <a href="/wiki/Logic_puzzle" title="Logic puzzle">logic puzzles</a>. Nikoli is also the nickname of a quarterly magazine (whose full name is Puzzle Communication Nikoli) issued by the company in <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a>.<a href="#cite_note-niko-1">[1]</a> Nikoli was established in 1980,<a href="#cite_note-niko-1">[1]</a> and became prominent worldwide with the popularity of <a href="/wiki/Sudoku" title="Sudoku">Sudoku</a>. <table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Nikoli</caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">1980; 44 years ago (1980)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founder</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Maki_Kaji" title="Maki Kaji">Maki Kaji</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country of origin</th><td class="infobox-data">Japan</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Publication types</th><td class="infobox-data">Puzzles, Magazines</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Official website</th><td class="infobox-data url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nikoli.co.jp">nikoli.co.jp</a></td></tr></tbody></table> The name "Nikoli" comes from the <a href="/wiki/Nikoli_(horse)" title="Nikoli (horse)">racehorse</a> who won the <a href="/wiki/Irish_2,000_Guineas" title="Irish 2,000 Guineas">Irish 2,000 Guineas</a> in 1980; the founder of Nikoli, <a href="/wiki/Maki_Kaji" title="Maki Kaji">Maki Kaji</a>, was fond of horseracing and betting.<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> Nikoli is notable for its vast library of "culture independent" puzzles. An example of a <a href="/wiki/Language" title="Language">language</a>/<a href="/wiki/Culture" title="Culture">culture</a>-dependent genre of puzzle would be the <a href="/wiki/Crossword" title="Crossword">crossword</a>, which relies on a specific language and <a href="/wiki/Alphabet" title="Alphabet">alphabet</a>. For this reason Nikoli's puzzles are often purely logical, and often numerical. Nikoli's <a href="/wiki/Sudoku" title="Sudoku">Sudoku</a>, the most popular logic problem in Japan,<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> was popularized in the <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>-speaking world in 2005, though that game has a history stretching back hundreds of years and across the globe.<a href="#cite_note-Garns-4">[4]</a> The magazine has invented several new genres of puzzles, and introduced several new games to <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>. </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><h2 id="Nikoli_puzzles">Nikoli puzzles</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Nikoli_(publisher)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Nikoli puzzles" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hitori.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Hitori.svg/220px-Hitori.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="289" data-file-height="289"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 220px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Hitori.svg/220px-Hitori.svg.png" data-width="220" data-height="220" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Hitori.svg/330px-Hitori.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Hitori.svg/440px-Hitori.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>An uncompleted Hitori puzzle</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Unsolved_Hotaru_Beam_grid.png" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Unsolved_Hotaru_Beam_grid.png/220px-Unsolved_Hotaru_Beam_grid.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="608" data-file-height="608"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 220px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Unsolved_Hotaru_Beam_grid.png/220px-Unsolved_Hotaru_Beam_grid.png" data-width="220" data-height="220" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Unsolved_Hotaru_Beam_grid.png/330px-Unsolved_Hotaru_Beam_grid.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Unsolved_Hotaru_Beam_grid.png/440px-Unsolved_Hotaru_Beam_grid.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>A Hotaru Beam puzzle</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sudoku-by-L2G-20050714.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Sudoku-by-L2G-20050714.svg/220px-Sudoku-by-L2G-20050714.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="364" data-file-height="364"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 220px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Sudoku-by-L2G-20050714.svg/220px-Sudoku-by-L2G-20050714.svg.png" data-width="220" data-height="220" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Sudoku-by-L2G-20050714.svg/330px-Sudoku-by-L2G-20050714.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Sudoku-by-L2G-20050714.svg/440px-Sudoku-by-L2G-20050714.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>A Sudoku puzzle</figcaption></figure> Some of the popular Nikoli puzzles, along with their <a href="/wiki/Japanese_language" title="Japanese language">Japanese</a> names; terms in parentheses are published English titles for the same puzzles. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bag_(puzzle)" title="Bag (puzzle)">Bag</a> (バッグ, baggu) (Corral)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connect_the_dots" title="Connect the dots">Connect the dots</a> (点つなぎ, ten tsunagi) (dot to dots)</li> <li>Country Road (カントリーロード, kantorī rōdo)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crossword" title="Crossword">Crossword</a> (クロスワードパズル, kurosuwādo pazuru) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crossword#Cipher_crosswords" title="Crossword">Cipher crossword</a> (ナンクロ, nankuro)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonogram" title="Nonogram">Edel</a> (エデル, ederu) (Paint by Numbers, Nonogram, Griddler)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fillomino" title="Fillomino">Fillomino</a> (フィルオミノ, firuomino) (Allied Occupation)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gokigen_Naname" title="Gokigen Naname">Gokigen Naname</a> (ごきげんななめ, gokigen naname) (Slant)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goishi_Hiroi" title="Goishi Hiroi">Goishi Hiroi</a> (碁石ひろい, goishi hiroi) (Go Stones)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hashiwokakero" title="Hashiwokakero">Hashiwokakero</a> (橋をかけろ, hashi o kakero) (Bridges)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heyawake" title="Heyawake">Heyawake</a> (へやわけ, heyawake)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hitori" title="Hitori">Hitori</a> (ひとりにしてくれ, hitori ni shitekure)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotaru_Beam" title="Hotaru Beam">Hotaru Beam</a> (ホタルビーム, hotaru bīmu)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inshi_no_heya" title="Inshi no heya">Inshi no heya</a> (因子の部屋, inshi no heya)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross_Sums" class="mw-redirect" title="Cross Sums">Kakuro</a> (カックロ, kakkuro) (Cross Sums, Kakro)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keisuke_(puzzle)" title="Keisuke (puzzle)">Keisuke</a> (ケイスケ, keisuke)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kin-Kon-Kan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kin-Kon-Kan (page does not exist)">Kin-Kon-Kan</a> (キンコンカン, kinkonkan)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuromasu" title="Kuromasu">Kuromasu</a> (黒マスはどこだ, kuromasu wa dokoda)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Light_Up_(puzzle)" title="Light Up (puzzle)">Light Up</a> (美術館, bijutsukan)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/LITS" title="LITS">LITS</a> (ヌルオミノ, nuruomino)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mainarizumu" title="Mainarizumu">Mainarizumu</a> (マイナリズム, mainarizumu)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masyu" title="Masyu">Masyu</a> (ましゅ, mashu)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maze" title="Maze">Maze</a> (迷路, meiro) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Picture_maze" title="Picture maze">Picture maze</a> (浮き出し迷路, ukidashi meiro)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nurikabe_(puzzle)#Mochikoro" title="Nurikabe (puzzle)">Mochikoro</a> (モチコロ, mochikoro)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Numberlink" title="Numberlink">Numberlink</a> (ナンバーリンク, nanbā rinku)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nurikabe_(puzzle)" title="Nurikabe (puzzle)">Nurikabe</a> (ぬりかべ, nurikabe) (Cell Structure)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reflect_Link&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reflect Link (page does not exist)">Reflect Link</a> (リフレクトリンク, refurekuto rinku)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ripple_Effect_(puzzle)" title="Ripple Effect (puzzle)">Ripple Effect</a> (波及効果, hakyū kōka)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakashaka" title="Shakashaka">Shakashaka</a> (シャカシャカ, shakashaka)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shikaku" title="Shikaku">Shikaku</a> (四角に切れ, shikaku ni kire) (Divide by Squares)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slitherlink" title="Slitherlink">Slitherlink</a> (スリザーリンク, surizā rinku) (Fences)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stained_Glass_(puzzle)" title="Stained Glass (puzzle)">Stained Glass</a> (ステンドグラス, sutendo gurasu)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sto-stone&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sto-stone (page does not exist)">Sto-stone</a> (ストストーン, sutosutōn)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudoku" title="Sudoku">Sudoku</a> (数独, sūdoku) (Number Place, Nine Numbers)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tatamibari" title="Tatamibari">Tatamibari</a> (タタミバリ, tatami bari)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tatebo-Yokobo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tatebo-Yokobo (page does not exist)">Tatebo-Yokobo</a> (タテボーヨコボー, tatebō yokobō)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tentai_Show" title="Tentai Show">Tentai Show</a> (天体ショー, tentai shō) (Galaxies)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tile_Paint&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tile Paint (page does not exist)">Tile Paint</a> (タイルペイント, tairu peinto)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verbal_arithmetic" title="Verbal arithmetic">Verbal arithmetic</a> (ふくめん算, fukumensan) (Alphametics, Cryptarithm)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Word_search" title="Word search">Word search</a> (シークワーズ, shīku wādo) (Word seek)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yajilin" title="Yajilin">Yajilin</a> (ヤジリン, yajirin) (Arrow Ring)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yajisan-Kazusan" title="Yajisan-Kazusan">Yajisan-Kazusan</a> (やじさんかずさん, yajisan kazusan)</li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><h2 id="References">References</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Nikoli_(publisher)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output 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.references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-niko-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-niko_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-niko_1-1">b</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nikoli.co.jp/en/puzzles/">"Puzzles"</a>. Nikoli. Retrieved 2018-01-04.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Puzzles&rft.pub=Nikoli&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnikoli.co.jp%2Fen%2Fpuzzles%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANikoli+%28publisher%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBellos2017" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Alex_Bellos" title="Alex Bellos">Bellos, Alex</a> (2017). Puzzle Ninja. Guardian Books and Faber & Faber Ltd. p. 3. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4521-7105-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4521-7105-0"><bdi>978-1-4521-7105-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Puzzle+Ninja&rft.pages=3&rft.pub=Guardian+Books+and+Faber+%26+Faber+Ltd&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-1-4521-7105-0&rft.aulast=Bellos&rft.aufirst=Alex&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANikoli+%28publisher%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080412102523/http://www.nikoli.co.jp/en/puzzles/sudoku/index_text.htm">"Nikoli Co."</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nikoli.co.jp/en/puzzles/sudoku/index_text.htm">the original</a> on 2008-04-12. Retrieved 2008-04-23.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nikoli+Co.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nikoli.co.jp%2Fen%2Fpuzzles%2Fsudoku%2Findex_text.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANikoli+%28publisher%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Garns-4"><a href="#cite_ref-Garns_4-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPegg2005" class="citation web cs1">Pegg, Ed Jr. (2005-09-15). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061013120205/http://www.maa.org/editorial/mathgames/mathgames_09_05_05.html">"Ed Pegg Jr.'s Math Games: Sudoku Variations"</a>. MAA Online. The Mathematical Association of America. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.maa.org/editorial/mathgames/mathgames_09_05_05.html">the original</a> on 2006-10-13. Retrieved 2006-10-03.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MAA+Online&rft.atitle=Ed+Pegg+Jr.%27s+Math+Games%3A+Sudoku+Variations&rft.date=2005-09-15&rft.aulast=Pegg&rft.aufirst=Ed+Jr.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.maa.org%2Feditorial%2Fmathgames%2Fmathgames_09_05_05.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANikoli+%28publisher%29" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Nikoli_(publisher)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: External links" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nikoli.co.jp/en/">Official site</a> (in English)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.janko.at/Raetsel/Nikoli/index-2.htm">Rules of 80+ Nikoli Puzzles</a> in German and English</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1012311289">.mw-parser-output .asbox{position:relative;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .asbox table{background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .asbox p{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .asbox p+p{margin-top:0.25em}.mw-parser-output .asbox-body{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .asbox-note{font-size:smaller}.mw-parser-output .asbox .navbar{position:absolute;top:-0.75em;right:1em;display:none}</style><div role="note" class="metadata plainlinks asbox stub"><table role="presentation"><tbody><tr class="noresize"><td><a href="/wiki/File:ISBN_with_EAN13.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="Stub icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/ISBN_with_EAN13.svg/40px-ISBN_with_EAN13.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="32" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="400"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 32px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/ISBN_with_EAN13.svg/40px-ISBN_with_EAN13.svg.png" data-alt="Stub icon" data-width="40" data-height="32" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/ISBN_with_EAN13.svg/60px-ISBN_with_EAN13.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/ISBN_with_EAN13.svg/80px-ISBN_with_EAN13.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a></td><td>This <a href="/wiki/Publishing" title="Publishing">publishing</a>-related article is a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub" title="Wikipedia:Stub">stub</a>. 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position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nikoli_(publisher)&oldid=1252264341">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nikoli_(publisher)&oldid=1252264341</a>"</div></div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"> <a class="last-modified-bar" href="/w/index.php?title=Nikoli_(publisher)&action=history"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> Last edited on 20 October 2024, at 15:42 </div> </a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id='mw-data-after-content'> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikoli" title="Nikoli – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Nikoli" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikoli" title="Nikoli – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Nikoli" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikoli" title="Nikoli – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Nikoli" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikoli" title="Nikoli – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Nikoli" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikoli_(penerbit)" title="Nikoli (penerbit) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Nikoli (penerbit)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikoli" title="Nikoli – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Nikoli" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%99" title="ניקולי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ניקולי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8B%E3%82%B3%E3%83%AA" title="ニコリ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ニコリ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikoli" title="Nikoli – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Nikoli" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikoli" title="Nikoli – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Nikoli" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikoli" title="Nikoli – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Nikoli" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Николи – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Николи" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikoli" title="Nikoli – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Nikoli" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li></ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; 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