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William Murphy – Wikipedia
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id="content" class="mw-body" role="main"> <a id="top"></a> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">William Murphy</span></h1> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body"> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Wikipediasta</div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="contentSub2"></div> <div id="jump-to-nav"></div> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#mw-head">Siirry navigaatioon</a> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#searchInput">Siirry hakuun</a> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fi" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" style="font-size:92%;font-size: 0.9em; border-collapse: collapse; width: 22em; border-collapse: collapse; width: 22em;"> <tbody><tr><th class="" colspan="2" style="text-align:center; font-size:15px; border-bottom: 1px solid #AAAAAA; background-color: #B2DFB2; color: #000000; font-size:large;">William Parry Murphy</th> </tr><tr><td class="" colspan="2" style="text-align: center; line-height:1.4; border-top: 1px solid #AAAAAA; border-bottom: 1px solid #AAAAAA;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Tiedosto:William_P_Murphy.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6c/William_P_Murphy.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="341" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></td> </tr><tr><th class="" colspan="2" style="text-align:center; border-top: 1px solid #AAAAAA; border-bottom: 1px solid #AAAAAA; background-color: #B2DFB2; color: #000000; ;">Henkilötiedot</th> </tr><tr><td class="" style=""><b>Syntynyt</b></td><td class="" style=""><a href="/wiki/6._helmikuuta" title="6. helmikuuta">6. helmikuuta</a> <a href="/wiki/1892" title="1892">1892</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stoughton_(Wisconsin)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stoughton (Wisconsin) (sivua ei ole)">Stoughton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yhdysvallat" title="Yhdysvallat">Yhdysvallat</a></td></tr><tr><td class="" style=""><b>Kuollut</b></td><td class="" style=""><a href="/wiki/9._lokakuuta" title="9. lokakuuta">9. lokakuuta</a> <a href="/wiki/1987" title="1987">1987</a> (95 vuotta)<br /><a href="/wiki/Brookline" title="Brookline">Brookline</a>, <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>, Yhdysvallat</td></tr><tr><th class="" colspan="2" style="text-align:center; border-top: 1px solid #AAAAAA; border-bottom: 1px solid #AAAAAA; background-color: #B2DFB2; color: #000000; ;">Koulutus ja ura</th> </tr> <tr><td class="" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: top; font-weight:bold;">Tutkinnot</td> <td class="" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: top;"> Harvardin yliopisto</td> </tr> <tr><td class="" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: top; font-weight:bold;">Instituutti</td> <td class="" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: top;"> <a href="/wiki/Harvardin_yliopisto" title="Harvardin yliopisto">Harvardin yliopisto</a></td> </tr> <tr><td class="" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: top; font-weight:bold;">Tutkimusalue</td> <td class="" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: top;"> lääketiede</td> </tr> <tr><td class="" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: top; font-weight:bold;">Palkinnot</td> <td class="" colspan="1" style="vertical-align: top;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nobel-palkinto" title="Nobel-palkinto"><img alt="Nobel-palkinto" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/20px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/30px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/40px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="150" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Nobelin_fysiologian_tai_l%C3%A4%C3%A4ketieteen_palkinto" title="Nobelin fysiologian tai lääketieteen palkinto">Nobelin fysiologian tai lääketieteen palkinto</a> (1934)</td> </tr> <tr><td class="" colspan="2" style=""> <div style="text-align:center"> <small>[ <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80323" class="extiw" title="d:Q80323">Muokkaa Wikidatassa</a> ] <span style="display:none" class="showlinkback"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/" title="Näytä Wikidatasta tulevat arvot"><img alt="Näytä Wikidatasta tulevat arvot" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/25px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/38px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/50px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a></span></span></small></div> </td> </tr><tr class="infobox_tests" style="display:none"><td><span class="wd_tests"><a class="external text" href="https://tools.wmflabs.org/fiwiki-tools/testit/INFOBOX/OK">Infobox OK</a></span></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>William Parry Murphy</b> (<a href="/wiki/6._helmikuuta" title="6. helmikuuta">6. helmikuuta</a> <a href="/wiki/1892" title="1892">1892</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stoughton_(Wisconsin)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stoughton (Wisconsin) (sivua ei ole)">Stoughton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a> – <a href="/wiki/9._lokakuuta" title="9. lokakuuta">9. lokakuuta</a> <a href="/wiki/1987" title="1987">1987</a> <a href="/wiki/Brookline" title="Brookline">Brookline</a>, <a href="/wiki/Massachusetts" title="Massachusetts">Massachusetts</a>) oli yhdysvaltalainen professori, joka sai vuonna <a href="/wiki/1934" title="1934">1934</a> <a href="/wiki/Nobelin_l%C3%A4%C3%A4ketieteen_palkinto" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobelin lääketieteen palkinto">Nobelin lääketieteen palkinnon</a> yhdessä <a href="/wiki/George_Minot" title="George Minot">George Minotin</a> ja <a href="/wiki/George_Whipple" title="George Whipple">George Whipplen</a> kanssa tutkimuksestaan <a href="/wiki/Maksa" title="Maksa">maksan</a> käytöstä <a href="/wiki/Anemia" title="Anemia">anemian</a> hoidossa.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Murphy väitteli lääketieteen tohtoriksi <a href="/wiki/Harvardin_yliopisto" title="Harvardin yliopisto">Harvardin yliopistossa</a> vuonna 1920. Hän työskenteli Peter Bent Brighamin sairaalassa Bostonissa yhdessä George Minotin kanssa. Whipple oli osoittanut 1920-luvun alussa että maksan lisääminen ruokavalioon paransi anemiapotilaiden <a href="/wiki/Punasolu" title="Punasolu">punasolujen</a> määrää. Murphy ja Minot alkoivat syöttää maksaa kaikille <a href="/wiki/Pernisi%C3%B6%C3%B6si_anemia" title="Pernisiöösi anemia">pernisiöösin anemian</a> vaivaamille potilailleen. Uusi hoitotapa muutti pernisiöösin anemian parantumattomasta, usein tappavasta taudista helposti hoidettavaksi, ja oli pohjana 1940-luvulla kehitetylle B12-vitamiinihoidolle.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lähteet"><span id="L.C3.A4hteet"></span>Lähteet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Murphy&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Muokkaa osiota Lähteet" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muokkaa</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Murphy&action=edit&section=1" title="Muokkaa osion lähdekoodia: Lähteet"><span>muokkaa wikitekstiä</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="viitteet-malline" class="viitteet-malline" style="list-style-type:decimal;"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="verkkoviite" title="Verkkoviite"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1934/index.html">The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1934</a> Nobelprize.org. Viitattu 15.8.2012. <span style="font-size: 0.95em; position: relative;">(englanniksi)</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/398207/William-P-Murphy">William P. Murphy</a> Encyclopedia Britannica</span> </li> </ol> </div> <div class="NavFrame" style="margin: auto; clear:both; color: var( --color-emphasized, #000000 ); background-color: var( --background-color-neutral-subtle, #FFFFFF ); width: auto;"><div class="NavHead" style="display:block;text-align:center; color: var( --color-emphasized, #000 ); background-color: var( --background-color-neutral-subtle, #E6E6FA ); font-weight:bold;"><b><a href="/wiki/Nobelin_fysiologian_tai_l%C3%A4%C3%A4ketieteen_palkinto" title="Nobelin fysiologian tai lääketieteen palkinto">Nobelin fysiologian tai lääketieteen palkinnon</a> saajat</b></div><div class="NavContent" style="text-align: center"> <table style="text-align: left; clear: both;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="padding-left: 1em; width: 8em; background: #F2F2FC; border-bottom: 1px solid #FFFFFF">1901–1925 </th> <td style="padding-left: 1em; border-bottom: 1px solid #F2F2FC; font-size:80%;"> <p>1901: <a href="/wiki/Emil_Adolf_von_Behring" title="Emil Adolf von Behring">Behring</a> 1902: <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Ross" title="Ronald Ross">Ross</a> 1903: <a href="/wiki/Niels_Ryberg_Finsen" title="Niels Ryberg Finsen">Finsen</a> 1904: <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Pavlov" title="Ivan Pavlov">Pavlov</a> 1905: <a href="/wiki/Robert_Koch" title="Robert Koch">Koch</a> 1906: <a href="/wiki/Camillo_Golgi" title="Camillo Golgi">Golgi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Santiago_Ram%C3%B3n_y_Cajal" title="Santiago Ramón y Cajal">Ramón y Cajal</a> 1907: <a href="/wiki/Charles_Louis_Alphonse_Laveran" title="Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran">Laveran</a> 1908: <a href="/wiki/Ilja_Met%C5%A1nikov" title="Ilja Metšnikov">Metšnikov</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Ehrlich" title="Paul Ehrlich">Ehrlich</a> 1909: <a href="/wiki/Emil_Theodor_Kocher" title="Emil Theodor Kocher">Kocher</a> 1910: <a href="/wiki/Albrecht_Kossel" title="Albrecht Kossel">Kossel</a> 1911: <a href="/wiki/Allvar_Gullstrand" title="Allvar Gullstrand">Gullstrand</a> 1912: <a href="/wiki/Alexis_Carrel" title="Alexis Carrel">Carrel</a> 1913: <a href="/wiki/Charles_Richet" title="Charles Richet">Richet</a> 1914: <a href="/wiki/Robert_B%C3%A1r%C3%A1ny" title="Robert Bárány">Bárány</a> 1919: <a href="/wiki/Jules_Bordet" title="Jules Bordet">Bordet</a> 1920: <a href="/wiki/August_Krogh" title="August Krogh">Krogh</a> 1922: <a href="/wiki/Archibald_Vivian_Hill" title="Archibald Vivian Hill">Hill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Otto_Fritz_Meyerhof" title="Otto Fritz Meyerhof">Meyerhof</a> 1923: <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Banting" title="Frederick Banting">Banting</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_James_Rickard_Macleod" title="John James Rickard Macleod">Macleod</a> 1924: <a href="/wiki/Willem_Einthoven" title="Willem Einthoven">Einthoven</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="padding-left: 1em; width: 8em; background: #F2F2FC; border-bottom: 1px solid #FFFFFF">1926–1950 </th> <td style="padding-left: 1em; border-bottom: 1px solid #F2F2FC; font-size:80%;"> <p>1926: <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Andreas_Grib_Fibiger" title="Johannes Andreas Grib Fibiger">Fibiger</a> 1927: <a href="/wiki/Julius_Wagner-Jauregg" title="Julius Wagner-Jauregg">Wagner-Jauregg</a> 1928: <a href="/wiki/Charles_Nicolle" title="Charles Nicolle">Nicolle</a> 1929: <a href="/wiki/Christiaan_Eijkman" title="Christiaan Eijkman">Eijkman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Hopkins" title="Frederick Hopkins">Hopkins</a> 1930: <a href="/wiki/Karl_Landsteiner" title="Karl Landsteiner">Landsteiner</a> 1931: <a href="/wiki/Otto_Heinrich_Warburg" title="Otto Heinrich Warburg">Warburg</a> 1932: <a href="/wiki/Charles_Scott_Sherrington" title="Charles Scott Sherrington">Sherrington</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edgar_Douglas_Adrian" title="Edgar Douglas Adrian">Adrian</a> 1933: <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hunt_Morgan" title="Thomas Hunt Morgan">Morgan</a> 1934: <a href="/wiki/George_Whipple" title="George Whipple">Whipple</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Minot" title="George Minot">Minot</a>, <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Murphy</a> 1935: <a href="/wiki/Hans_Spemann" title="Hans Spemann">Spemann</a> 1936: <a href="/wiki/Henry_Dale" title="Henry Dale">Dale</a>, <a href="/wiki/Otto_Loewi" title="Otto Loewi">Loewi</a> 1937: <a href="/wiki/Albert_Szent-Gy%C3%B6rgyi" title="Albert Szent-Györgyi">Szent-Györgyi</a> 1938: <a href="/wiki/Corneille_Heymans" title="Corneille Heymans">Heymans</a> 1939: <a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Domagk" title="Gerhard Domagk">Domagk</a> 1943: <a href="/wiki/Henrik_Dam" title="Henrik Dam">Dam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edward_Adelbert_Doisy" title="Edward Adelbert Doisy">Doisy</a> 1944: <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Erlanger" title="Joseph Erlanger">Erlanger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Gasser" title="Herbert Gasser">Gasser</a> 1945: <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Fleming" title="Alexander Fleming">Fleming</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Boris_Chain" title="Ernst Boris Chain">Chain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Howard_Florey" title="Howard Florey">Florey</a> 1946: <a href="/wiki/Hermann_Joseph_Muller" title="Hermann Joseph Muller">Muller</a> 1947: <a href="/wiki/Carl_Ferdinand_Cori" title="Carl Ferdinand Cori">C. Cori</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gerty_Cori" title="Gerty Cori">G. Cori</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bernardo_Alberto_Houssay" title="Bernardo Alberto Houssay">Houssay</a> 1948: <a href="/wiki/Paul_Hermann_M%C3%BCller" title="Paul Hermann Müller">Müller</a> 1949: <a href="/wiki/Walter_Rudolf_Hess" title="Walter Rudolf Hess">Hess</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Egas_Moniz" title="António Egas Moniz">Moniz</a> 1950: <a href="/wiki/Edward_Calvin_Kendall" title="Edward Calvin Kendall">Kendall</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tadeusz_Reichstein" title="Tadeusz Reichstein">Reichstein</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philip_Showalter_Hench" title="Philip Showalter Hench">Hench</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="padding-left: 1em; width: 8em; background: #F2F2FC; border-bottom: 1px solid #FFFFFF">1951–1975 </th> <td style="padding-left: 1em; border-bottom: 1px solid #F2F2FC; font-size:80%;"> <p>1951: <a href="/wiki/Max_Theiler" title="Max Theiler">Theiler</a> 1952: <a href="/wiki/Selman_Waksman" title="Selman Waksman">Waksman</a> 1953: <a href="/wiki/Hans_Adolf_Krebs" title="Hans Adolf Krebs">Krebs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fritz_Lipmann" title="Fritz Lipmann">Lipmann</a> 1954: <a href="/wiki/John_Franklin_Enders" title="John Franklin Enders">Enders</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Huckle_Weller" title="Thomas Huckle Weller">Weller</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Chapman_Robbins" title="Frederick Chapman Robbins">Robbins</a> 1955: <a href="/wiki/Hugo_Theorell" title="Hugo Theorell">Theorell</a> 1956: <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Cournand" title="André Frédéric Cournand">Cournand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Werner_Forssmann" title="Werner Forssmann">Forssmann</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dickinson_W._Richards" title="Dickinson W. Richards">Richards</a> 1957: <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Bovet" title="Daniel Bovet">Bovet</a> 1958: <a href="/wiki/George_Wells_Beadle" title="George Wells Beadle">Beadle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edward_Lawrie_Tatum" title="Edward Lawrie Tatum">Tatum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joshua_Lederberg" title="Joshua Lederberg">Lederberg</a> 1959: <a href="/wiki/Severo_Ochoa" title="Severo Ochoa">Ochoa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Kornberg" title="Arthur Kornberg">Kornberg</a> 1960: <a href="/wiki/Frank_Macfarlane_Burnet" title="Frank Macfarlane Burnet">Burnet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Medawar" title="Peter Medawar">Medawar</a> 1961: <a href="/wiki/Georg_von_B%C3%A9k%C3%A9sy" title="Georg von Békésy">Békésy</a> 1962: <a href="/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick">Crick</a>, <a href="/wiki/James_D._Watson" title="James D. Watson">Watson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Wilkins" title="Maurice Wilkins">Wilkins</a> 1963: <a href="/wiki/John_Carew_Eccles" title="John Carew Eccles">Eccles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alan_Lloyd_Hodgkin" title="Alan Lloyd Hodgkin">Hodgkin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Huxley" title="Andrew Huxley">Huxley</a> 1964: <a href="/wiki/Konrad_Bloch" title="Konrad Bloch">Bloch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Feodor_Lynen" title="Feodor Lynen">Lynen</a> 1965: <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Jacob" title="François Jacob">Jacob</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Lwoff" title="André Lwoff">Lwoff</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Monod" title="Jacques Monod">Monod</a> 1966: <a href="/wiki/Peyton_Rous" title="Peyton Rous">Rous</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_Huggins" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Huggins">Huggins</a> 1967: <a href="/wiki/Ragnar_Granit" title="Ragnar Granit">Granit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Haldan_Keffer_Hartline" title="Haldan Keffer Hartline">Hartline</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Wald" title="George Wald">Wald</a> 1968: <a href="/wiki/Robert_W._Holley" title="Robert W. Holley">Holley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Har_Gobind_Khorana" title="Har Gobind Khorana">Khorana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marshall_Nirenberg" title="Marshall Nirenberg">Nirenberg</a> 1969: <a href="/wiki/Max_Delbr%C3%BCck" title="Max Delbrück">Delbrück</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Hershey" title="Alfred Hershey">Hershey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Salvador_Luria" title="Salvador Luria">Luria</a> 1970: <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Katz" title="Bernard Katz">Katz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ulf_von_Euler" title="Ulf von Euler">Euler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Julius_Axelrod" title="Julius Axelrod">Axelrod</a> 1971: <a href="/wiki/Earl_Wilbur_Sutherland_Jr." title="Earl Wilbur Sutherland Jr.">Sutherland</a> 1972: <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Edelman" title="Gerald Edelman">Edelman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rodney_Robert_Porter" title="Rodney Robert Porter">Porter</a> 1973: <a href="/wiki/Karl_von_Frisch" title="Karl von Frisch">Frisch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Konrad_Lorenz" title="Konrad Lorenz">Lorenz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nikolaas_Tinbergen" title="Nikolaas Tinbergen">Tinbergen</a> 1974: <a href="/wiki/Albert_Claude" title="Albert Claude">Claude</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christian_de_Duve" title="Christian de Duve">Duve</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Emil_Palade" title="George Emil Palade">Palade</a> 1975: <a href="/wiki/David_Baltimore" title="David Baltimore">Baltimore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Renato_Dulbecco" title="Renato Dulbecco">Dulbecco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Howard_Martin_Temin" title="Howard Martin Temin">Temin</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="padding-left: 1em; width: 8em; background: #F2F2FC; border-bottom: 1px solid #FFFFFF">1976–2000 </th> <td style="padding-left: 1em; border-bottom: 1px solid #F2F2FC; font-size:80%;"> <p>1976: <a href="/wiki/Baruch_Samuel_Blumberg" title="Baruch Samuel Blumberg">Blumberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Carleton_Gajdusek" title="Daniel Carleton Gajdusek">Gajdusek</a> 1977: <a href="/wiki/Roger_Guillemin" title="Roger Guillemin">Guillemin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Schally" title="Andrew Schally">Schally</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rosalyn_Sussman_Yalow" title="Rosalyn Sussman Yalow">Yalow</a> 1978: <a href="/wiki/Werner_Arber" title="Werner Arber">Arber</a>, <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Nathans" title="Daniel Nathans">Nathans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hamilton_Smith" title="Hamilton Smith">Smith</a> 1979: <a href="/wiki/Allan_McLeod_Cormack" title="Allan McLeod Cormack">Cormack</a>, <a href="/wiki/Godfrey_Hounsfield" title="Godfrey Hounsfield">Hounsfield</a> 1980: <a href="/wiki/Baruj_Benacerraf" title="Baruj Benacerraf">Benacerraf</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jean_Dausset" title="Jean Dausset">Dausset</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_Davis_Snell" title="George Davis Snell">Snell</a> 1981: <a href="/wiki/Roger_Sperry" title="Roger Sperry">Sperry</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_H._Hubel" title="David H. Hubel">Hubel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Torsten_Wiesel" title="Torsten Wiesel">Wiesel</a> 1982: <a href="/wiki/Sune_K._Bergstr%C3%B6m" title="Sune K. Bergström">Bergström</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bengt_I._Samuelsson" title="Bengt I. Samuelsson">Samuelsson</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_R._Vane" title="John R. Vane">Vane</a> 1983: <a href="/wiki/Barbara_McClintock" title="Barbara McClintock">McClintock</a> 1984: <a href="/wiki/Niels_K._Jerne" title="Niels K. Jerne">Jerne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Georges_J._F._K%C3%B6hler" title="Georges J. F. Köhler">Köhler</a>, <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_Milstein" title="César Milstein">Milstein</a> 1985: <a href="/wiki/Michael_S._Brown" title="Michael S. Brown">Brown</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joseph_L._Goldstein" title="Joseph L. Goldstein">Goldstein</a> 1986: <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Cohen" title="Stanley Cohen">Cohen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rita_Levi-Montalcini" title="Rita Levi-Montalcini">Levi-Montalcini</a> 1987: <a href="/wiki/Susumu_Tonegawa" title="Susumu Tonegawa">Tonegawa</a> 1988: <a href="/wiki/James_W._Black" title="James W. Black">Black</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gertrude_B._Elion" title="Gertrude B. Elion">Elion</a>, <a href="/wiki/George_H._Hitchings" title="George H. Hitchings">Hitchings</a> 1989: <a href="/wiki/J._Michael_Bishop" title="J. Michael Bishop">Bishop</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harold_E._Varmus" title="Harold E. Varmus">Varmus</a> 1990: <a href="/wiki/Joseph_E._Murray" title="Joseph E. Murray">Murray</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edward_Donnall_Thomas" title="Edward Donnall Thomas">Thomas</a> 1991: <a href="/wiki/Erwin_Neher" title="Erwin Neher">Neher</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bert_Sakmann" title="Bert Sakmann">Sakmann</a> 1992: <a href="/wiki/Edmond_H._Fischer" title="Edmond H. Fischer">Fischer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edwin_G._Krebs" title="Edwin G. Krebs">Krebs</a> 1993: <a href="/wiki/Richard_Roberts" title="Richard Roberts">Roberts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phillip_Allen_Sharp" title="Phillip Allen Sharp">Sharp</a> 1994: <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Gilman" title="Alfred Gilman">Gilman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Martin_Rodbell" title="Martin Rodbell">Rodbell</a> 1995: <a href="/wiki/Edward_Lewis" title="Edward Lewis">Lewis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Christiane_N%C3%BCsslein-Volhard" title="Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard">Nüsslein-Volhard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eric_Wieschaus" title="Eric Wieschaus">Wieschaus</a> 1996: <a href="/wiki/Peter_Doherty" title="Peter Doherty">Doherty</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rolf_Zinkernagel" title="Rolf Zinkernagel">Zinkernagel</a> 1997: <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Prusiner" title="Stanley Prusiner">Prusiner</a> 1998: <a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Furchgott" title="Robert F. Furchgott">Furchgott</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louis_J._Ignarro" title="Louis J. Ignarro">Ignarro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ferid_Murad" title="Ferid Murad">Murad</a> 1999: <a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnter_Blobel" title="Günter Blobel">Blobel</a> 2000: <a href="/wiki/Arvid_Carlsson" title="Arvid Carlsson">Carlsson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Greengard" title="Paul Greengard">Greengard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eric_Kandel" title="Eric Kandel">Kandel</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="padding-left: 1em; width: 8em; background: #F2F2FC; border-bottom: 1px solid #FFFFFF">2001– </th> <td style="padding-left: 1em; border-bottom: 1px solid #F2F2FC; font-size:80%;"> <p>2001: <a href="/wiki/Leland_H._Hartwell" title="Leland H. Hartwell">Hartwell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tim_Hunt" title="Tim Hunt">Hunt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Nurse" title="Paul Nurse">Nurse</a> 2002: <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner">Brenner</a>, <a href="/wiki/H._Robert_Horvitz" title="H. Robert Horvitz">Horvitz</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Sulston" title="John Sulston">Sulston</a> 2003: <a href="/wiki/Paul_Lauterbur" title="Paul Lauterbur">Lauterbur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Mansfield" title="Peter Mansfield">Mansfield</a> 2004: <a href="/wiki/Richard_Axel" title="Richard Axel">Axel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Linda_B._Buck" title="Linda B. Buck">Buck</a> 2005: <a href="/wiki/Barry_Marshall" title="Barry Marshall">Marshall</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robin_Warren" title="Robin Warren">Warren</a> 2006: <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Fire" title="Andrew Fire">Fire</a>, <a href="/wiki/Craig_Mello" title="Craig Mello">Mello</a> 2007: <a href="/wiki/Mario_Capecchi" title="Mario Capecchi">Capecchi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Martin_Evans" title="Martin Evans">Evans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Smithies" title="Oliver Smithies">Smithies</a> 2008: <a href="/wiki/Harald_zur_Hausen" title="Harald zur Hausen">zur Hausen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7oise_Barr%C3%A9-Sinoussi" title="Françoise Barré-Sinoussi">Barré-Sinoussi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Luc_Montagnier" title="Luc Montagnier">Montagnier</a> 2009: <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_H._Blackburn" title="Elizabeth H. Blackburn">Blackburn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carol_W._Greider" title="Carol W. Greider">Greider</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jack_W._Szostak" title="Jack W. Szostak">Szostak</a> 2010: <a href="/wiki/Robert_G._Edwards" title="Robert G. Edwards">Edwards</a> 2011: <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Beutler" title="Bruce Beutler">Beutler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jules_Hoffmann" title="Jules Hoffmann">Hoffmann</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ralph_M._Steinman" title="Ralph M. Steinman">Steinman</a> 2012: <a href="/wiki/John_Gurdon" title="John Gurdon">Gurdon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shinya_Yamanaka" title="Shinya Yamanaka">Yamanaka</a> 2013: <a href="/wiki/James_Rothman" title="James Rothman">Rothman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Randy_Schekman" title="Randy Schekman">Schekman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_S%C3%BCdhof" title="Thomas Südhof">Südhof</a> 2014: <a href="/wiki/John_O%E2%80%99Keefe" title="John O’Keefe">O’Keefe</a>, <a href="/wiki/May-Britt_Moser" title="May-Britt Moser">M.-B. Moser</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edvard_Moser" title="Edvard Moser">E. Moser</a> 2015: <a href="/wiki/William_C._Campbell" title="William C. Campbell">Campbell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Satoshi_%C5%8Cmura" title="Satoshi Ōmura">Ōmura</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tu_Youyou" title="Tu Youyou">Tu</a> 2016: <a href="/wiki/Yoshinori_%C5%8Csumi" title="Yoshinori Ōsumi">Ōsumi</a> 2017: <a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_C._Hall" title="Jeffrey C. Hall">Hall</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Rosbash" title="Michael Rosbash">Rosbash</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_W._Young" title="Michael W. Young">Young</a> 2018: <a href="/wiki/James_P._Allison" title="James P. Allison">Allison</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tasuku_Honjo" title="Tasuku Honjo">Honjo</a> 2019: <a href="/wiki/William_Kaelin" title="William Kaelin">Kaelin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_J._Ratcliffe" title="Peter J. Ratcliffe">Ratcliffe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gregg_L._Semenza" class="mw-redirect" title="Gregg L. Semenza">Semenza</a> 2020: <a href="/wiki/Harvey_J._Alter" title="Harvey J. Alter">Alter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Houghton" title="Michael Houghton">Houghton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charles_M._Rice" title="Charles M. Rice">Rice</a> 2021: <a href="/wiki/David_Julius" title="David Julius">Julius</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ardem_Patapoutian" title="Ardem Patapoutian">Patapoutian</a> 2022: <a href="/wiki/Svante_P%C3%A4%C3%A4bo" title="Svante Pääbo">Pääbo</a> 2023: <a href="/wiki/Katalin_Karik%C3%B3" title="Katalin Karikó">Karikó</a>, <a href="/wiki/Drew_Weissman" title="Drew Weissman">Weissman</a> 2024: <a href="/wiki/Victor_Ambros" title="Victor Ambros">Ambros</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gary_Ruvkun" title="Gary Ruvkun">Ruvkun</a> </p> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r22837949">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output 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<nav id="p-tb" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-tb-label" > <h3 id="p-tb-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Työkalut</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Toiminnot:T%C3%A4nne_viittaavat_sivut/William_Murphy" title="Lista sivuista, jotka viittaavat tänne [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Tänne viittaavat sivut</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Toiminnot:Linkitetyt_muutokset/William_Murphy" rel="nofollow" title="Viimeisimmät muokkaukset sivuissa, joille viitataan tältä sivulta [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Linkitettyjen sivujen muutokset</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Toiminnot:Toimintosivut" title="Näytä toimintosivut [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Toimintosivut</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" 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class="vector-menu-heading-label">Muissa hankkeissa</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:William_P._Murphy" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q80323" title="Linkki yhdistettyyn keskustietovaraston kohteeseen [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-kohde</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-lang" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-lang-label" > <h3 id="p-lang-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Muilla kielillä</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%81%D9%8A" title="وليم مورفي — arabia" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="وليم مورفي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%81%DB%8C" title="ویلیام مورفی — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ویلیام مورفی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Murphy" title="William Murphy — indonesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="William Murphy" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_P._Murphy" title="William P. Murphy — malaiji" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="William P. Murphy" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaiji" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF._%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%BF" title="উইলিয়াম পি. মারফি — bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উইলিয়াম পি. মারফি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%9C%D1%91%D1%80%D1%84%D1%96" title="Уільям Мёрфі — valkovenäjä" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Уільям Мёрфі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="valkovenäjä" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%9C%D1%8A%D1%80%D1%84%D0%B8" title="Уилям Мърфи — bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Уилям Мърфи" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Parry_Murphy" title="William Parry Murphy — katalaani" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="William Parry Murphy" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Parry_Murphy" title="William Parry Murphy — tšekki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="William Parry Murphy" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tšekki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_P._Murphy" title="William P. Murphy — kymri" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="William P. Murphy" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="kymri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Parry_Murphy" title="William Parry Murphy — saksa" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="William Parry Murphy" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="saksa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Parry_Murphy" title="William Parry Murphy — viro" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="William Parry Murphy" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="viro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_P._Murphy" title="William P. Murphy — englanti" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="William P. Murphy" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="englanti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Parry_Murphy" title="William Parry Murphy — espanja" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="William Parry Murphy" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_P._Murphy" title="William P. Murphy — baski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="William P. Murphy" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%81%DB%8C" title="ویلیام مورفی — persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ویلیام مورفی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Murphy" title="William Murphy — ranska" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="William Murphy" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ranska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Parry_Murphy" title="William Parry Murphy — iiri" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="William Parry Murphy" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="iiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Parry_Murphy" title="William Parry Murphy — galicia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="William Parry Murphy" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%97%84_%ED%8C%A8%EB%A6%AC_%EB%A8%B8%ED%94%BC" title="윌리엄 패리 머피 — korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="윌리엄 패리 머피" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%88%D6%82%D5%AB%D5%AC%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B4_%D5%84%D5%A5%D6%80%D6%86%D5%AB" title="Ուիլյամ Մերֆի — armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ուիլյամ Մերֆի" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Parry_Murphy" title="William Parry Murphy — kroatia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="William Parry Murphy" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Parry_Murphy" title="William Parry Murphy — ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="William Parry Murphy" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Parry_Murphy" title="William Parry Murphy — italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="William Parry Murphy" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9D_%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99_%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%A4%D7%99" title="ויליאם פרי מרפי — heprea" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ויליאם פרי מרפי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="heprea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A3%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="უილიამ პარი მერფი — georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="უილიამ პარი მერფი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%84%D0%B8" title="Уильям Мерфи — kazakki" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Уильям Мерфи" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_P._Murphy" title="William P. Murphy — swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="William P. Murphy" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulielmus_P._Murphy" title="Gulielmus P. Murphy — latina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Gulielmus P. Murphy" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Parry_Murphy" title="William Parry Murphy — unkari" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="William Parry Murphy" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="unkari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A3%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B_%E1%83%9E%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="უილიამ პარი მერფი — mingreli" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="უილიამ პარი მერფი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingreli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%81%D9%89" title="وليم مورفى — egyptinarabia" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="وليم مورفى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="egyptinarabia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%81%DB%8C" title="ویلیام مورفی — mazandarani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="ویلیام مورفی" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Murphy" title="William Murphy — hollanti" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="William Murphy" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="hollanti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A3%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2%E3%83%A0%E3%83%BBP%E3%83%BB%E3%83%9E%E3%83%BC%E3%83%95%E3%82%A3" title="ウィリアム・P・マーフィ — japani" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ウィリアム・P・マーフィ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_P._Murphy" title="William P. Murphy — norjan bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="William P. Murphy" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norjan bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Parry_Murphy" title="William Parry Murphy — oksitaani" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="William Parry Murphy" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksitaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_P._Murphy" title="William P. Murphy — uzbekki" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="William P. Murphy" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbekki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85_%D9%85%D8%B1%D9%81%DB%8C" title="ویلیم مرفی — Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ویلیم مرفی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Parry_Murphy" title="William Parry Murphy — alasaksa" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="William Parry Murphy" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="alasaksa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Murphy" title="William Murphy — puola" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="William Murphy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="puola" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Murphy" title="William Murphy — portugali" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="William Murphy" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%84%D0%B8,_%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC" title="Мерфи, Уильям — venäjä" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мерфи, Уильям" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="venäjä" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_P._Murphy" title="William P. Murphy — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="William P. Murphy" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Parry_Murphy" title="William Parry Murphy — slovakki" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="William Parry Murphy" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%85_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D9%85%DB%86%D8%B1%D9%81%DB%8C" title="ویلیام پاری مۆرفی — soranî" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ویلیام پاری مۆرفی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="soranî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%84%D0%B8" title="Вилијам Марфи — serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Вилијам Марфи" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_P._Murphy" title="William P. Murphy — ruotsi" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="William P. Murphy" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="ruotsi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF" title="வில்லியம் பாரி மர்பி — tamili" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வில்லியம் பாரி மர்பி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_P._Murphy" title="William P. Murphy — vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="William P. Murphy" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_P._Murphy" title="William P. Murphy — turkki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="William P. Murphy" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%BC_%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%84%D1%96" title="Вільям Мерфі — ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Вільям Мерфі" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85_%D9%BE%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%81%DB%8C" title="ولیم پی مارفی — urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ولیم پی مارفی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_P._Murphy" title="William P. Murphy — joruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="William P. Murphy" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="joruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7%E8%8E%AB%E8%8F%B2" title="威廉·莫菲 — kiina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="威廉·莫菲" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kiina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q80323#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Muokkaa kieltenvälisiä linkkejä" class="wbc-editpage">Muokkaa linkkejä</a></span></div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Sivua on viimeksi muutettu 28. syyskuuta 2022 kello 14.03.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Teksti on saatavilla <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.fi">Creative Commons Attribution/Share-Alike</a> -lisenssillä; lisäehtoja voi sisältyä. 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