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id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Obsah</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">presunúť do postranného panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skryť</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Začiatok</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Dôležité_charakteristiky" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dôležité_charakteristiky"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Dôležité charakteristiky</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dôležité_charakteristiky-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Použitie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Použitie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Použitie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Použitie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-História" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#História"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>História</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-História-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Výskyt" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Výskyt"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Výskyt</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Výskyt-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Zlúčeniny" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Zlúčeniny"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Zlúčeniny</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Zlúčeniny-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referencie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referencie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Referencie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referencie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iné_projekty" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iné_projekty"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Iné projekty</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iné_projekty-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Externé_odkazy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Externé_odkazy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Externé odkazy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Externé_odkazy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Obsah" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prepnúť obsah" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Prepnúť obsah</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Volfrám</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Prejsť na článok v inom jazyku. Je dostupný v 146 jazykoch" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-146" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">146 jazykov</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfram" title="Wolfram – afrikánčina" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Wolfram" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%B0%E1%8A%95%E1%8C%8D%E1%88%B5%E1%89%B0%E1%8A%95" title="ተንግስተን – amharčina" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ተንግስተን" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tungsteno" title="Tungsteno – aragónčina" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Tungsteno" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragónčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%A8" title="टंगस्टन – angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="टंगस्टन" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86" title="تنجستن – arabčina" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تنجستن" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86%DD%A3%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86" title="تونݣستين – arabština (marocká)" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="تونݣستين" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="arabština (marocká)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86" title="تنجستن – arabština (egyptská)" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="تنجستن" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabština (egyptská)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volframiu" title="Volframiu – astúrčina" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Volframiu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="astúrčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wungel" title="Wungel – kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Wungel" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volfram" title="Volfram – azerbajdžančina" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Volfram" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdžančina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Вольфрам – baškirčina" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Вольфрам" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baškirčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tungst%C3%A9n" title="Tungstén – balijčina" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Tungstén" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balijčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolpramyo" title="Wolpramyo – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Wolpramyo" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Вальфрам – bieloruština" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Вальфрам" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bieloruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Вальфрам – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Вальфрам" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Волфрам – bulharčina" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Волфрам" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulharčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%A8" title="टंगस्टन – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="टंगस्टन" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8" title="টাংস্টেন – bengálčina" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="টাংস্টেন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengálčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%8A%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%8A%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8D" title="ཊང་སི་ཊན། – tibetčina" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཊང་སི་ཊན།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="tibetčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfram_(tungsten)" title="Wolfram (tungsten) – bretónčina" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Wolfram (tungsten)" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretónčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volfram" title="Volfram – bosniačtina" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Volfram" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniačtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tungst%C3%A8" title="Tungstè – katalánčina" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Tungstè" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%AC_(g%C4%ADng-s%E1%B9%B3%CC%86k)" title="Ŭ (gĭng-sṳ̆k) – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Ŭ (gĭng-sṳ̆k)" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolframyo" title="Wolframyo – cebuánčina" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Wolframyo" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DB%95%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86" title="تەنگستن – kurdčina (sorání)" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="تەنگستن" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdčina (sorání)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tungstenu" title="Tungstenu – korzičtina" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Tungstenu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="korzičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfram" title="Wolfram – čeština" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Wolfram" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="čeština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Вольфрам – čuvaština" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Вольфрам" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="čuvaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Twngsten" title="Twngsten – waleština" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Twngsten" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="waleština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfram" title="Wolfram – dánčina" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Wolfram" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfram" title="Wolfram – nemčina" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wolfram" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="nemčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%BF%CE%BB%CF%86%CF%81%CE%AC%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BF" title="Βολφράμιο – gréčtina" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βολφράμιο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="gréčtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobrý článok"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tungsten" title="Tungsten – angličtina" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Tungsten" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angličtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volframo" title="Volframo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Volframo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobrý článok"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolframio" title="Wolframio – španielčina" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Wolframio" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španielčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volfram" title="Volfram – estónčina" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Volfram" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estónčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfram" title="Wolfram – baskičtina" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Wolfram" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86" title="تنگستن – perzština" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تنگستن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volframi" title="Volframi – fínčina" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Volframi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="fínčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tungst%C3%A8ne" title="Tungstène – francúzština" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Tungstène" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francúzština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfraam" title="Wolfraam – severná frízština" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Wolfraam" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="severná frízština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tungsten" title="Tungsten – friulčina" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Tungsten" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friulčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tungstan" title="Tungstan – írčina" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Tungstan" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="írčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tungstan" title="Tungstan – škótska gaelčina" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Tungstan" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="škótska gaelčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volframio" title="Volframio – galícijčina" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Volframio" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galícijčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%9F%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%97%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AA%A8" title="ટંગસ્ટન – gudžarátčina" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ટંગસ્ટન" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="gudžarátčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tungsten" title="Tungsten – mančina" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Tungsten" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="mančina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfram" title="Wolfram – čínština (dialekty Hakka)" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Wolfram" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="čínština (dialekty Hakka)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%92%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%9F" title="טונגסטן – hebrejčina" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="טונגסטן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%A8" title="टंगस्टन – hindčina" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="टंगस्टन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tungsten" title="Tungsten – hindština (Fidži)" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Tungsten" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="hindština (Fidži)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volfram" title="Volfram – chorvátčina" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Volfram" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="chorvátčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volfr%C3%A1m" title="Volfrám – maďarčina" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Volfrám" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maďarčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8E%D5%B8%D5%AC%D6%86%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B4" title="Վոլֆրամ – arménčina" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Վոլֆրամ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8E%D5%B8%D5%AC%D6%83%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B4" title="Վոլփրամ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Վոլփրամ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tungsten" title="Tungsten – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Tungsten" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfram" title="Wolfram – indonézština" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Wolfram" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonézština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolframo" title="Wolframo – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Wolframo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volfram" title="Volfram – islandčina" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Volfram" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tungsteno" title="Tungsteno – taliančina" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Tungsteno" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="taliančina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B0%E3%82%B9%E3%83%86%E3%83%B3" title="タングステン – japončina" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="タングステン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japončina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/jarjinme" title="jarjinme – lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="jarjinme" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="ვოლფრამი – gruzínčina" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ვოლფრამი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruzínčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C9%94%C5%8Bk%C9%A9s%C9%A9t%C9%9Bn%C9%A9" title="Tɔŋkɩsɩtɛnɩ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Tɔŋkɩsɩtɛnɩ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Вольфрам – kazaština" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Вольфрам" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಟಂಗ್‌ಸ್ಟನ್ – kannadčina" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಟಂಗ್‌ಸ್ಟನ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannadčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%85%85%EC%8A%A4%ED%85%90" title="텅스텐 – kórejčina" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="텅스텐" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="kórejčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfram" title="Wolfram – kurdčina" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Wolfram" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Вольфрам – komijčina" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Вольфрам" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="komijčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tongsten" title="Tongsten – kornčina" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Tongsten" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="kornčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Вольфрам – kirgizština" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Вольфрам" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgizština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolframium" title="Wolframium – latinčina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Wolframium" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latinčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfram" title="Wolfram – luxemburčina" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Wolfram" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfraam" title="Wolfraam – limburčina" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Wolfraam" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limburčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tungsten" title="Tungsten – ligurština" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Tungsten" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="ligurština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tungsteno" title="Tungsteno – lombardština" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Tungsteno" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volframas" title="Volframas – litovčina" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Volframas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litovčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volframs" title="Volframs – lotyština" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Volframs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lotyština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Вольфрама – mokšiančina" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Вольфрама" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="mokšiančina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tongstena" title="Tongstena – malgaština" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Tongstena" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Волфрам – macedónčina" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Волфрам" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedónčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%BA" title="ടങ്സ്റ്റൺ – malajálamčina" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ടങ്സ്റ്റൺ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajálamčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Вольфрам – mongolčina" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Вольфрам" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%A8" title="टंगस्टन – maráthčina" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="टंगस्टन" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="maráthčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Вольфрам – marijština (západní)" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Вольфрам" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="marijština (západní)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tungsten" title="Tungsten – malajčina" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Tungsten" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%90%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%85%E1%80%90%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA" title="တန်စတင် – barmčina" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="တန်စတင်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="barmčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Вольфрам – erzjančina" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Вольфрам" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erzjančina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfram" title="Wolfram – dolná nemčina" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Wolfram" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="dolná nemčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8" title="टंग्स्टेन – nevárčina" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="टंग्स्टेन" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="nevárčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfraam" title="Wolfraam – holandčina" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Wolfraam" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="holandčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfram" title="Wolfram – nórčina (nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Wolfram" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nórčina (nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfram" title="Wolfram – nórčina (bokmal)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Wolfram" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="nórčina (bokmal)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tungst%C3%A8n" title="Tungstèn – okcitánčina" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Tungstèn" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okcitánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vol%27framu" title="Vol'framu – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Vol'framu" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%9F%E0%AC%99%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%97%E0%AD%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%AC%B7%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%9F%E0%AC%A8" title="ଟଙ୍ଗ୍‌ଷ୍ଟନ – uríjčina" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଟଙ୍ଗ୍‌ଷ୍ଟନ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="uríjčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Вольфрам – osetčina" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Вольфрам" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osetčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%9F%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A8" title="ਟੰਗਸਟੰਨ – pandžábčina" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਟੰਗਸਟੰਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pandžábčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8" title="टंग्स्टेन – pálí" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="टंग्स्टेन" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="pálí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfram" title="Wolfram – poľština" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wolfram" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poľština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tongsten" title="Tongsten – piemonština" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Tongsten" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="piemonština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%B9%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B3%D9%B9%D9%86" title="ٹنگسٹن – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ٹنگسٹن" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BC%D9%88%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B3%D9%BC%D9%86" title="ټونگسټن – paštčina" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ټونگسټن" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paštčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobrý článok"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tungst%C3%AAnio" title="Tungstênio – portugalčina" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Tungstênio" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wulpharamyu" title="Wulpharamyu – kečuánčina" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Wulpharamyu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="kečuánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfram" title="Wolfram – rumunčina" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Wolfram" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolframu" title="Wolframu – arumunčina" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Wolframu" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="arumunčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Вольфрам – ruština" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Вольфрам" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8" title="टंग्स्टेन – sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="टंग्स्टेन" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%B4%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B8%E1%B1%9C%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%B4%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B1" title="ᱴᱟᱸᱜᱟᱥᱴᱟᱱ – santalčina" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱴᱟᱸᱜᱟᱥᱴᱟᱱ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santalčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tungstenu" title="Tungstenu – sardínčina" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Tungstenu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardínčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tungstenu" title="Tungstenu – sicílčina" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Tungstenu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicílčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tungsten" title="Tungsten – škótčina" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Tungsten" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="škótčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volfram" title="Volfram – srbochorvátčina" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Volfram" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srbochorvátčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tungsten" title="Tungsten – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Tungsten" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volfram" title="Volfram – slovinčina" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Volfram" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovinčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tungsten" title="Tungsten – somálčina" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Tungsten" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somálčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tungsteni" title="Tungsteni – albánčina" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Tungsteni" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albánčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Волфрам – srbčina" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Волфрам" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srbčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfram" title="Wolfram – fríština (saterlandská)" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Wolfram" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="fríština (saterlandská)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volfram" title="Volfram – švédčina" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Volfram" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švédčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolframi" title="Wolframi – swahilčina" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Wolframi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahilčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="தங்குதன் – tamilčina" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தங்குதன்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D" title="టంగ్‌స్టన్ – telugčina" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="టంగ్‌స్టన్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Волфрам – tadžičtina" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Волфрам" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadžičtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%99" title="ทังสเตน – thajčina" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ทังสเตน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thajčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olframyo" title="Olframyo – tagalčina" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Olframyo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tungsten" title="Tungsten – turečtina" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Tungsten" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Вольфрам – tatárčina" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Вольфрам" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatárčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Вольфрам – tuviančina" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Вольфрам" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="tuviančina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8B%D9%88%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85" title="ۋولفرام – ujgurčina" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ۋولفرام" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="ujgurčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Вольфрам – ukrajinčina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Вольфрам" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%B9%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B3%D9%B9%D9%86" title="ٹنگسٹن – urdčina" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ٹنگسٹن" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volfram" title="Volfram – uzbečtina" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Volfram" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbečtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vol%27fram" title="Vol'fram – vepština" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Vol'fram" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="vepština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfram" title="Wolfram – vietnamčina" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Wolfram" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tungsteno" title="Tungsteno – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Tungsteno" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%92%A8" title="钨 – čínština (wu)" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="钨" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="čínština (wu)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%84%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Вольфрам – kalmyčtina" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Вольфрам" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="kalmyčtina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%95%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%9D" title="וואלפראם – jidiš" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="וואלפראם" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jidiš" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolframu" title="Wolframu – jorubčina" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Wolframu" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="jorubčina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%92%A8" title="钨 – čínština" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="钨" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="čínština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%8E%A2" title="鎢 – čínština (klasická)" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="鎢" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="čínština (klasická)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfram" title="Wolfram – čínština (dialekty Minnan)" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Wolfram" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="čínština (dialekty Minnan)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%8E%A2" title="鎢 – kantončina" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="鎢" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantončina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UmZithowe" title="UmZithowe – zuluština" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="UmZithowe" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zuluština" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q743#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Upraviť medzijazykové odkazy" class="wbc-editpage">Upraviť odkazy</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Menné priestory"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Volfr%C3%A1m" title="Zobraziť obsah stránky [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Stránka</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskusia:Volfr%C3%A1m" rel="discussion" title="Diskusia o obsahu stránky [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskusia</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Změnit variantu jazyka" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">slovenčina</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Zobrazenia"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Volfr%C3%A1m"><span>Čítať</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volfr%C3%A1m&veaction=edit" title="Upraviť túto stránku [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Upraviť</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volfr%C3%A1m&action=edit" title="Upraviť zdrojový kód tejto stránky [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Upraviť zdroj</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volfr%C3%A1m&action=history" title="Minulé revízie tejto stránky. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Zobraziť históriu</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Nástroje stránky"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Nástroje" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Nástroje</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Nástroje</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">presunúť do postranného panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">skryť</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Další možnosti" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Akcie </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Volfr%C3%A1m"><span>Čítať</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volfr%C3%A1m&veaction=edit" title="Upraviť túto stránku [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Upraviť</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volfr%C3%A1m&action=edit" title="Upraviť zdrojový kód tejto stránky [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Upraviť zdroj</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volfr%C3%A1m&action=history"><span>Zobraziť históriu</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Všeobecné </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:%C4%8CoOdkazujeSem/Volfr%C3%A1m" title="Zoznam všetkých wiki stránok, ktoré sem odkazujú [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Odkazy na túto stránku</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:S%C3%BAvisiacePosledn%C3%A9%C3%9Apravy/Volfr%C3%A1m" rel="nofollow" title="Posledné úpravy na stránkach, na ktoré odkazuje táto stránka [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Súvisiace úpravy</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=sk" title="Nahranie súborov [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Nahrať súbor</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lneStr%C3%A1nky" title="Zoznam všetkých špeciálnych stránok [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Špeciálne stránky</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volfr%C3%A1m&oldid=7892797" title="Trvalý odkaz na túto verziu stránky"><span>Trvalý odkaz</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volfr%C3%A1m&action=info" title="Viac informácií o tejto stránke"><span>Informácie o stránke</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Citova%C5%A5&page=Volfr%C3%A1m&id=7892797&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informácie ako citovať túto stránku"><span>Citovať túto stránku</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsk.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FVolfr%25C3%25A1m"><span>Získať skrátené URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsk.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FVolfr%25C3%25A1m"><span>Stiahnuť QR kód</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tlačiť/exportovať </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Knihy&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Volfr%C3%A1m"><span>Vytvoriť knihu</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:DownloadAsPdf&page=Volfr%C3%A1m&action=show-download-screen"><span>Stiahnuť ako PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volfr%C3%A1m&printable=yes" title="Verzia tejto stránky pre tlač [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Verzia pre tlač</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> V iných projektoch </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Tungsten" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q743" title="Odkaz na prepojenú položku dátového úložiska [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Položka Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Nástroje stránky"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Vzhľad"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Vzhľad</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">presunúť do postranného panelu</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">skryť</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">z Wikipédie, slobodnej encyklopédie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sk" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox bordered" style="font-size: 88%; margin: 0 0 .5em .5em; width: 280px;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="font-size: 16px; background: #ffc0c0;">Volfrám<br /><small style="font-size: 11px; font-style: italic; padding: 2px;">(wolframium)</small> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><table class="wikitable" style="background: #ffffee; margin: 0; text-align: center; width: 100%;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" style="font-size: 120%; border-bottom: none; text-align: center;"><small><a href="/wiki/Tantal" title="Tantal">tantal</a></small> ← volfrám → <small><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9nium" title="Rénium">rénium</a></small></td> </tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><span style="font-size: 95%"><a href="/wiki/Molybd%C3%A9n" title="Molybdén">Mo</a></span><br />↑<br /><span style="font-size: 120%; font-weight: bold">W</span><br />↓<br /><span style="font-size: 95%"><a href="/wiki/Seaborgium" title="Seaborgium">Sg</a></span></td> <td style="border-bottom: none;"> <table class="nogrid" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" style="background-color: transparent; text-align: center; empty-cells: show; border: none; width: 160px;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #a0ffa0;"></span></td> <td colspan="21" style="border: none;"></td> <td colspan="4" rowspan="3" style="font-size: 12px; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom; border: none;">74</td> <td colspan="5" style="border: none;"></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #c0ffff;"></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ff6666;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #cccccc;"></span></td> <td colspan="20" style="border: none;"></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #cccc99;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #a0ffa0;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #a0ffa0;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #a0ffa0;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffff99;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #c0ffff;"></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ff6666;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #cccccc;"></span></td> <td colspan="20" style="border: none;"></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #cccccc;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #cccc99;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #a0ffa0;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #a0ffa0;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffff99;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #c0ffff;"></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ff6666;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffdead;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffc0c0;"></span></td> <td colspan="14" style="border: none;"></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffc0c0;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffc0c0;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffc0c0;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffc0c0;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffc0c0;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffc0c0;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffc0c0;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffc0c0;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffc0c0;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #cccccc;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #cccc99;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #cccc99;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #a0ffa0;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffff99;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #c0ffff;"></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ff6666;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffdead;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffc0c0;"></span></td> <td colspan="14" style="border: none;"></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffc0c0;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffc0c0;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffc0c0;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffc0c0;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffc0c0;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffc0c0;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffc0c0;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffc0c0;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffc0c0;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #cccccc;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #cccccc;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #cccc99;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #cccc99;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffff99;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #c0ffff;"></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ff6666;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffdead;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffbfff;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffbfff;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffbfff;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffbfff;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffbfff;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffbfff;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffbfff;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffbfff;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffbfff;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffbfff;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffbfff;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffbfff;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffbfff;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffbfff;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffbfff;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffc0c0;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffc0c0;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffc0c0; border: 1px solid #000000; margin: -1px;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffc0c0;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffc0c0;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffc0c0;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffc0c0;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffc0c0;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffc0c0;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #cccccc;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #cccccc;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #cccccc;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #cccccc;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #cccc99;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #c0ffff;"></span></td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ff6666;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffdead;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ff99cc;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ff99cc;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ff99cc;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ff99cc;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ff99cc;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ff99cc;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ff99cc;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ff99cc;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ff99cc;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ff99cc;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ff99cc;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ff99cc;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ff99cc;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ff99cc;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ff99cc;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffc0c0;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffc0c0;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffc0c0;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffc0c0;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffc0c0;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #e8e8e8;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #e8e8e8;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #e8e8e8;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #ffc0c0;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #e8e8e8;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #cccccc;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #e8e8e8;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #e8e8e8;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #e8e8e8;"></span></td> <td style="border: none;"><span style="display: block; width: 6px; height: 8px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; color: transparent; background-color: #e8e8e8;"></span></td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td> </tr> <tr> <td style="border-top: none; padding-top: 5px; text-align: right; font-size: 9px;"><a href="/wiki/Periodick%C3%A1_tabu%C4%BEka" title="Periodická tabuľka">Periodická tabuľka</a></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; border: none; background: #ffffee;"><a href="/wiki/6._peri%C3%B3da" title="6. perióda">6. perióda</a>, <a href="/wiki/6._skupina" title="6. skupina">6. skupina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Blok_d" title="Blok d">blok d</a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; border: none; background: #ffffee;"><a href="/wiki/Prechodn%C3%BD_prvok" title="Prechodný prvok">prechodné prvky</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kov" title="Kov">kovy</a> </td> </tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background: #ffc0c0; font-size: 95%;">Vzhľad </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-bottom: none;">šedobiely kov </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; border-top: none; border-bottom: none;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Wolfram_evaporated_crystals_and_1cm3_cube.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="volfrám"><img alt="volfrám" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Wolfram_evaporated_crystals_and_1cm3_cube.jpg/270px-Wolfram_evaporated_crystals_and_1cm3_cube.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Wolfram_evaporated_crystals_and_1cm3_cube.jpg/405px-Wolfram_evaporated_crystals_and_1cm3_cube.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Wolfram_evaporated_crystals_and_1cm3_cube.jpg/540px-Wolfram_evaporated_crystals_and_1cm3_cube.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="2988" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background: #ffc0c0; font-size: 95%;">Atómové vlastnosti </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/At%C3%B3mov%C3%A1_hmotnos%C5%A5" title="Atómová hmotnosť">Atómová hmotnosť</a> </td> <td>183,84 g·mol<sup>−1</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Elektr%C3%B3nov%C3%A1_konfigur%C3%A1cia" title="Elektrónová konfigurácia">Elektrónová konfigurácia</a> </td> <td>[Xe] 4f<sup>14</sup> 5d<sup>4</sup> 6s<sup>2</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/At%C3%B3mov%C3%BD_polomer" title="Atómový polomer">Atómový polomer</a> </td> <td>139 pm </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kovalentn%C3%BD_polomer" title="Kovalentný polomer">Kovalentný polomer</a> </td> <td>162 pm </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kovov%C3%BD_polomer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kovový polomer (stránka neexistuje)">Kovový polomer</a> </td> <td>141 pm </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=I%C3%B3nov%C3%BD_polomer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iónový polomer (stránka neexistuje)">Iónový polomer</a><br />pre: W<sup>6+</sup> </td> <td>62 pm </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background: #ffc0c0; font-size: 95%;">Chemické vlastnosti </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Elektronegativita" title="Elektronegativita">Elektronegativita</a> </td> <td>2,36 <small>(podľa Paulinga)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Ioniza%C4%8Dn%C3%A1_energia" title="Ionizačná energia">Ionizačná energia(e)</a> </td> <td>1: 770 kJ.mol<sup>−1</sup><br />2: 1 700 kJ.mol<sup>−1</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Oxida%C4%8Dn%C3%A9_%C4%8D%C3%ADslo" title="Oxidačné číslo">Oxidačné číslo(a)</a> </td> <td>II, III, IV, V, <b>VI</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background: #ffc0c0; font-size: 95%;">Fyzikálne vlastnosti <small>(za <a href="/wiki/Norm%C3%A1lne_podmienky" title="Normálne podmienky">norm. podmienok</a>)</small> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Skupenstvo" title="Skupenstvo">Skupenstvo</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pevn%C3%A1_l%C3%A1tka" title="Pevná látka">pevné</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hustota_(objemov%C3%A1_hmotnos%C5%A5)" title="Hustota (objemová hmotnosť)">Hustota</a> </td> <td>19,25 kg·dm<sup>−3</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Hustota kvapaliny<br /><small>(pri 3 695 K)</small> </td> <td>17,6 kg·dm<sup>−3</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Teplota_topenia" title="Teplota topenia">Teplota topenia</a> </td> <td>3 695 K <small>(3 421,85 °C)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Teplota_varu" title="Teplota varu">Teplota varu</a> </td> <td>5 828 K <small>(5 554,85 °C)</small> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Skupensk%C3%A9_teplo_topenia" title="Skupenské teplo topenia">Sk. teplo topenia</a> </td> <td>35,3 kJ·mol<sup>−1</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Skupensk%C3%A9_teplo_varu" title="Skupenské teplo varu">Sk. teplo varu</a> </td> <td>806,7 kJ·mol<sup>−1</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mern%C3%A1_tepeln%C3%A1_kapacita" class="mw-redirect" title="Merná tepelná kapacita">Tepelná kapacita</a> </td> <td>24,27 J·mol<sup>−1</sup>·K<sup>−1</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <table class="wikitable" style="margin: 0; text-align: center; width: 100%;"> <caption><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tlak_pary&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tlak pary (stránka neexistuje)">Tlak pary</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>p(Pa) </th> <td>1</td> <td>10</td> <td>100</td> <td>1 k</td> <td>10 k</td> <td>100 k </td></tr> <tr> <th>pri T(K) </th> <td>3 477</td> <td>3 773</td> <td>4 137</td> <td>4 579</td> <td>5 127</td> <td>5 823 </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background: #ffc0c0; font-size: 95%;">Iné </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kry%C5%A1t%C3%A1lov%C3%A1_s%C3%BAstava" title="Kryštálová sústava">Kryštálová sústava</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kubick%C3%A1_s%C3%BAstava" title="Kubická sústava">kubická</a>, priestorovo centrovaná </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Magnetizmus" title="Magnetizmus">Magnetizmus</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Paramagnetizmus" title="Paramagnetizmus">paramagnetický</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Elektrick%C3%BD_odpor" title="Elektrický odpor">Elektrický odpor</a> </td> <td>52,8 nΩ·m </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BA%C4%8Dinite%C4%BE_tepelnej_vodivosti" class="mw-redirect" title="Súčiniteľ tepelnej vodivosti">Tep. vodivosť</a> </td> <td>173 W·m<sup>−1</sup>·K<sup>−1</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tepeln%C3%A1_roz%C5%A5a%C5%BEnos%C5%A5" title="Tepelná rozťažnosť">Tep. rozťažnosť</a> </td> <td>4,5 µm·m<sup>−1</sup>·K<sup>−1</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Youngov_modul" title="Youngov modul">Youngov modul</a> </td> <td>411 GPa </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pru%C5%BEnos%C5%A5_v_%C5%A1myku&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pružnosť v šmyku (stránka neexistuje)">Pružnosť v šmyku</a> </td> <td>161 GPa </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Objemov%C3%A1_pru%C5%BEnos%C5%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Objemová pružnosť (stránka neexistuje)">Objemová pružnosť</a> </td> <td>310 GPa </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Poissonova_kon%C5%A1tanta_(mechanika)" title="Poissonova konštanta (mechanika)">Poissonovo č.</a> </td> <td>0,28 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mohsova_stupnica_tvrdosti" title="Mohsova stupnica tvrdosti">Tvrdosť (Mohs)</a> </td> <td>7,5 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Brinellova_sk%C3%BA%C5%A1ka_tvrdosti" title="Brinellova skúška tvrdosti">Tvrdosť (Brinell)</a> </td> <td>2 570 MPa </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Registra%C4%8Dn%C3%A9_%C4%8D%C3%ADslo_CAS" title="Registračné číslo CAS">Reg. číslo CAS</a> </td> <td>7440-33-7 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" bgcolor="#fff" align="center"> <table class="collapsible collapsed" cellpadding="3" width="100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="background-color: lightgrey; font-size: 95%;">Legovacie vlastnosti pre oceľ </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background-color: lightgrey; font-size: 90%;">Mechanické vlastnosti </th></tr> <tr> <td width="45" style="background-color: #ddd;"><a href="/wiki/Materi%C3%A1lov%C3%A1_tvrdos%C5%A5" title="Materiálová tvrdosť">Tvrdosť</a> </td> <td width="55" style="background-color: #eef;">väčšia </td></tr> <tr> <td width="45" style="background-color: #ddd;"><a href="/wiki/Pevnos%C5%A5_(materi%C3%A1l)" title="Pevnosť (materiál)">Pevnosť</a> </td> <td width="55" style="background-color: #eef;">zvyšuje </td></tr> <tr> <td width="45" style="background-color: #ddd;"><a href="/wiki/Pevnos%C5%A5_(materi%C3%A1l)" title="Pevnosť (materiál)">Medza elasticity</a> </td> <td width="55" style="background-color: #eef;">väčšia </td></tr> <tr> <td width="45" style="background-color: #ddd;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tepeln%C3%A1_rozta%C5%BEnos%C5%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tepelná roztažnosť (stránka neexistuje)">Tepelná roztažnosť</a> </td> <td width="55" style="background-color: #eef;">menšia </td></tr> <tr> <td width="45" style="background-color: #ddd;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zo%C5%A1krtenie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zoškrtenie (stránka neexistuje)">Zoškrtenie</a> </td> <td width="55" style="background-color: #eef;">menšie </td></tr> <tr> <td width="45" style="background-color: #ddd;"><a href="/wiki/Prierazuvzdornos%C5%A5" title="Prierazuvzdornosť">Prierazuvzdornosť</a> </td> <td width="55" style="background-color: #eef;">taká istá </td></tr> <tr> <td width="45" style="background-color: #ddd;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pru%C5%BEnos%C5%A5_(mechanika)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pružnosť (mechanika) (stránka neexistuje)">Elasticita</a> </td> <td width="55" style="background-color: #eef;">sám osebe nemení </td></tr> <tr> <td width="45" style="background-color: #ddd;"><a href="/wiki/%C5%BDiarupevnos%C5%A5" title="Žiarupevnosť">Žiarupevnosť</a> </td> <td width="55" style="background-color: #eef;">enormne zvyšuje </td></tr> <tr> <td width="45" style="background-color: #ddd;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ochladzovanie(materi%C3%A1l)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ochladzovanie(materiál) (stránka neexistuje)">Ochladzovanie</a> </td> <td width="55" style="background-color: #eef;">výrazne spomaľuje </td></tr> <tr> <td width="45" style="background-color: #ddd;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Karbid%C3%A1cia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karbidácia (stránka neexistuje)">Karbidácia</a> </td> <td width="55" style="background-color: #eef;">veľmi vylepšuje </td></tr> <tr> <td width="45" style="background-color: #ddd;"><a href="/wiki/Oteruvzdornos%C5%A5" title="Oteruvzdornosť">Oteruvzdornosť</a> </td> <td width="55" style="background-color: #eef;">skoro neopotrebitelné </td></tr> <tr> <td width="45" style="background-color: #ddd;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kujnos%C5%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kujnosť (stránka neexistuje)">Kujnosť</a> </td> <td width="55" style="background-color: #eef;">Výrazne zhoršuje </td></tr> <tr> <td width="45" style="background-color: #ddd;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Obr%C3%A1batelnos%C5%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Obrábatelnosť (stránka neexistuje)">Obrábatelnosť</a> </td> <td width="55" style="background-color: #eef;">Výrazne zhoršuje </td></tr> <tr> <td width="45" style="background-color: #ddd;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nitrid%C3%A1cia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nitridácia (stránka neexistuje)">Nitridácia</a> </td> <td width="55" style="background-color: #eef;">Trochu zlepšuje </td></tr> <tr> <td width="45" style="background-color: #ddd;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hrdzuvzdornos%C5%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hrdzuvzdornosť (stránka neexistuje)">Hrdzuvzdornosť</a> </td> <td width="55" style="background-color: #eef;">Málo zlepšuje </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background-color:lightgrey;font-size: 90%;">Magnetické vlastnosti </th></tr> <tr> <td width="45" style="background-color: #ddd;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Koercivita&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Koercivita (stránka neexistuje)">Koercivita</a> </td> <td width="55" style="background-color: #eef;">Značne väčšia </td></tr> <tr> <td width="45" style="background-color: #ddd;"><a href="/wiki/Remanencia" class="mw-disambig" title="Remanencia">Remanencia</a> </td> <td width="55" style="background-color: #eef;">Značne väčšia </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: lightgrey; font-size: 95%; text-align: center;">Dodatky </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left; background-color: #eef;">Robí pekne jemné zrno v štruktúre ocele. Oceľ je tvrdá a ostrá aj keď je už žeravá do červena. Oceľ je s ním skoro neopotrebiteľná. Dobre karbiduje a jeho karbidy sú tiež extrémne tvrdé. <p>Preto ideálny do rýchloreznej ocele. </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background: #ffc0c0; font-size: 95%;"><a href="/wiki/Izotop" title="Izotop">Izotop</a>(y) (vybrané) </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <table class="wikitable" style="background: transparent; margin: 0; width: 100%;"> <tbody><tr> <th width="20%">Izotop </th> <th width="16%">Výskyt </th> <th width="25%"><a href="/wiki/Pol%C4%8Das_premeny" title="Polčas premeny">t<sub>1/2</sub></a> </th> <th width="12%"><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A1dioakt%C3%ADvny_rozpad" title="Rádioaktívny rozpad">Rr</a> </th> <th width="15%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Energia_rozpadu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Energia rozpadu (stránka neexistuje)">Er</a> <small>(MeV)</small> </th> <th width="12%"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Produkt_rozpadu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Produkt rozpadu (stránka neexistuje)">Pr</a> </th></tr> <tr style="background-color: #fffacd;"> <td align="left"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Radioactive.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Radioactive.svg/16px-Radioactive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Radioactive.svg/24px-Radioactive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Radioactive.svg/32px-Radioactive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="446" /></a></span> <sup>180</sup>W </td> <td align="right">0,12 % </td> <td align="right">1,8x10<sup>18</sup> r. </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Alfa_rozpad" title="Alfa rozpad">α</a> </td> <td align="right">2,516 </td> <td align="left"><sup>176</sup><a href="/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium">Hf</a> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color: #fffacd;"> <td align="left"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Radioactive.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Radioactive.svg/16px-Radioactive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Radioactive.svg/24px-Radioactive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Radioactive.svg/32px-Radioactive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="446" /></a></span> <sup>181</sup>W </td> <td align="right">synt. </td> <td align="right">121,2 d. </td> <td align="left"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Z%C3%A1chyt_elektr%C3%B3nu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Záchyt elektrónu (stránka neexistuje)">ε</a> </td> <td align="right">0,188 </td> <td align="left"><sup>181</sup><a href="/wiki/Tantal" title="Tantal">Ta</a> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color: #e0eeee;"> <td align="left"><sup>182</sup>W </td> <td align="right">26,50 % </td> <td colspan="4" align="left">stabilný s 108 neutrónmi </td></tr> <tr style="background-color: #e0eeee;"> <td align="left"><sup>183</sup>W </td> <td align="right">14,31 % </td> <td colspan="4" align="left">stabilný s 109 neutrónmi </td></tr> <tr style="background-color: #e0eeee;"> <td align="left"><sup>184</sup>W </td> <td align="right">30,64 % </td> <td colspan="4" align="left">stabilný s 110 neutrónmi </td></tr> <tr style="background-color: #fffacd;"> <td align="left"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Radioactive.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Radioactive.svg/16px-Radioactive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Radioactive.svg/24px-Radioactive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Radioactive.svg/32px-Radioactive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="446" /></a></span> <sup>185</sup>W </td> <td align="right">synt. </td> <td align="right">75,1 d. </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Beta_rozpad" title="Beta rozpad">β<sup>−</sup></a> </td> <td align="right">0,433 </td> <td align="left"><sup>185</sup><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9nium" title="Rénium">Re</a> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color: #e0eeee;"> <td align="left"><sup>186</sup>W </td> <td align="right">28,43 % </td> <td colspan="4" align="left">stabilný s 112 neutrónmi </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background-color: #ffe;"><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><small> Commons ponúka multimediálny obsah na tému <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Tungsten" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Tungsten">volfrám</a>.</small> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" title="Portál, ktorého súčasťou je táto stránka" style="text-align:center; border-top: 1px solid #aaa;"><div style="border: solid #aaa 1px; background: #f9f9f9; padding: 0ex 1ex; display:inline-table; padding: 0ex 0.05ex; border-style:none; background:transparent;" title="Portál, ktorého súčasťou je táto stránka"> <table style="margin: 0; padding: 0ex"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle;margin: 0;border:none;"> </td> <td style="text-align:left;border:none;"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Port%C3%A1l:Ch%C3%A9mia" title="Chemický portál"><img alt="Chemický portál" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Chemistrylogo.png/18px-Chemistrylogo.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Chemistrylogo.png/27px-Chemistrylogo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Chemistrylogo.png/36px-Chemistrylogo.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Port%C3%A1l:Ch%C3%A9mia" title="Portál:Chémia">Chemický portál</a> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Volfrám</b> (zastarano wolfram, nesprávne wolfrám; <a href="/wiki/Latin%C4%8Dina" title="Latinčina">lat.</a> <span style="cursor:help" lang="la" dir="ltr" title="latinsky"><i>wolframium</i></span>) je <a href="/wiki/Chemick%C3%BD_prvok" title="Chemický prvok">chemický prvok</a> s chemickou značkou <b>W</b> a <a href="/wiki/Prot%C3%B3nov%C3%A9_%C4%8D%C3%ADslo" title="Protónové číslo">protónovým číslom</a> 74. V prírode bol objavený iba v chemických zlúčeninách. Ako nový prvok ho v roku <a href="/wiki/1781" title="1781">1781</a> identifikoval <a href="/wiki/Carl_Wilhelm_Scheele" title="Carl Wilhelm Scheele">C. W. Scheele</a> v neraste <a href="/w/index.php?title=Scheelit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scheelit (stránka neexistuje)">scheelite</a>, ktorý sa po <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A1n%C4%8Dina" title="Dánčina">dánsky</a> nazýva <i>tungsten</i> (v preklade „ťažký kameň“; odtiaľ pochádza anglický a francúzsky názov prvku, <i>tungsten</i>). Neskôr ho nezávisle objavili v roku <a href="/wiki/1783" title="1783">1783</a> španielskí chemici <a href="/w/index.php?title=Juan_Jos%C3%A9_Elhuyar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Juan José Elhuyar (stránka neexistuje)">J. J.</a> a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fausto_Elhuyar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fausto Elhuyar (stránka neexistuje)">F. Elhuyaroví</a>, a to v neraste <a href="/wiki/Volframit" title="Volframit">volframite</a>, podľa ktorého ho pomenovali.<sup id="cite_ref-BinaMalaEnc_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BinaMalaEnc-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hlavnými <a href="/wiki/Ruda" title="Ruda">rudami</a>, v ktorých sa nachádza, sú <a href="/wiki/Volframit" title="Volframit">volframit</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Scheelit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scheelit (stránka neexistuje)">scheelit</a> a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stolzit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stolzit (stránka neexistuje)">stolzit</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BinaMalaEnc_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BinaMalaEnc-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ako čistý prvok je známy svojou robustnosťou, a predovšetkým tým, že jeho <a href="/wiki/Teplota_topenia" title="Teplota topenia">teplota topenia</a> je najvyššia zo všetkých prvkov (okrem uhlíka).<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Volfrám je známy svojou <a href="/wiki/Hustota_(objemov%C3%A1_hmotnos%C5%A5)" title="Hustota (objemová hmotnosť)">hustotou</a>, ktorá je 19,3× vyššia ako hustota vody, čím je porovnateľný s <a href="/wiki/Ur%C3%A1n_(chemick%C3%BD_prvok)" title="Urán (chemický prvok)">uránom</a> alebo <a href="/wiki/Zlato" title="Zlato">zlatom</a>, pričom je 1,7-krát hustejší ako <a href="/wiki/Olovo" title="Olovo">olovo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-daintith_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-daintith-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Volfrám s malým množstvom nečistôt je často <a href="/w/index.php?title=Krehkos%C5%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Krehkosť (stránka neexistuje)">krehký</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a <a href="/wiki/Materi%C3%A1lov%C3%A1_tvrdos%C5%A5" title="Materiálová tvrdosť">tvrdý</a>, kvôli čomu sa ťažko <a href="/wiki/Mechanick%C3%A9_obr%C3%A1banie" title="Mechanické obrábanie">obrába</a>. Veľmi čistý volfrám je rovnako tvrdý, je viac <a href="/wiki/%C5%A4a%C5%BEnos%C5%A5" title="Ťažnosť">ťažný</a> a je ho možné rezať s <a href="/w/index.php?title=P%C3%ADla_na_kov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Píla na kov (stránka neexistuje)">pílou na kov</a> z tvrdej ocele.<sup id="cite_ref-albert_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-albert-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mnohé zliatiny volfrámu majú rôzne použitie, najznámejšie je však použitie ako vlákno v <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDiarovka" title="Žiarovka">žiarovkách</a>, <a href="/wiki/R%C3%B6ntgen" title="Röntgen">röntgene</a>, elektródach pri <a href="/w/index.php?title=Obl%C3%BAkov%C3%A9_zv%C3%A1ranie_netaviacou_sa_elektr%C3%B3dou_v_ochrannej_atmosf%C3%A9re_inertn%C3%A9ho_plynu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oblúkové zváranie netaviacou sa elektródou v ochrannej atmosfére inertného plynu (stránka neexistuje)">zváraní TIG</a> a v <a href="/wiki/Superzliatina" title="Superzliatina">superzliatinách</a>. Vďaka tvrdosti a vysokej hustote sa používa v armáde v prierazných <a href="/w/index.php?title=Projektil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Projektil (stránka neexistuje)">projektiloch</a>. Zlúčeniny volfrámu sa tiež používajú ako priemyselné <a href="/wiki/Katal%C3%BDza" title="Katalýza">katalyzátory</a>. </p><p>Volfrám patrí medzi <a href="/wiki/Prechodn%C3%BD_prvok" title="Prechodný prvok">prechodné prvky</a>, reaguje s <a href="/wiki/Molybd%C3%A9n" title="Molybdén">molybdénom</a> a <a href="/wiki/Me%C4%8F" title="Meď">meďou</a> a je mierne toxický pre živé organizmy.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dôležité_charakteristiky"><span id="D.C3.B4le.C5.BEit.C3.A9_charakteristiky"></span>Dôležité charakteristiky</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volfr%C3%A1m&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Upraviť sekciu: Dôležité charakteristiky" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volfr%C3%A1m&action=edit&section=1" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Dôležité charakteristiky"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Čistý volfrám je oceľovo sivý až biely tvrdý kov. Tento prvok má najvyššiu teplotu tavenia 3 422 °C (6 192 °F), najnižší tlak v plynnom skupenstve a navyššiu silu v ťahu pri teplotách nad 1 650 °C (3 000 °F) zo všetkých kovov. Takmer vôbec nekoroduje, poškodený môže byť iba v malej miere minerálnymi kyselinami. Volfrám si vytvára ochrannú vrstvu z oxidu, pri vystavení na vzduchu môže pri vysokých teplotách zoxidovať celý. V zliatine s oceľou významne zvyšuje jej tvrdosť.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Použitie"><span id="Pou.C5.BEitie"></span>Použitie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volfr%C3%A1m&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Upraviť sekciu: Použitie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volfr%C3%A1m&action=edit&section=2" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Použitie"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Volfrám je kov so širokou škálou použitia. Najpoužívanejší je karbid volfrámu (W<sub>2</sub><a href="/wiki/Uhl%C3%ADk" title="Uhlík">C</a>, WC) v cementovaných karbidoch. Cementované karbidy sú materiály odolné voči opotrebeniu používané v hutníctve a ako konštrukčný materiál. Volfrám je široko využívaný v <a href="/wiki/%C5%BDiarovka" title="Žiarovka">žiarovkách</a> ako vlákno alebo elektródy vo vákuových trubiciach, pre jeho schopnosť vytvoriť veľmi tenké drôty a jeho vysokú teplotu tavenia. Iné použitie: </p> <ul><li>Vysoká teplota tavenia robí z volfrámu materiál vhodný do vesmíru a pre použitie pri veľmi vysokej teplote napr. elektroniku, vykurovanie a pri zváraní.</li> <li>Tvrdosť a hustota robí tento kov ideálny pre tvorenie zliatín s inými tvrdými kovmi, ktoré su používané v armáde, odvod tepla, alebo ako závažia.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oce%C4%BE" title="Oceľ">Ocele</a> pre nástroje sú často zlievané s volfrámom (obsah volfrámu môže byť až 18%).</li> <li>Zliatiny s volfrámom sú používané v lopatkách turbín, nástrojovej oceli, a pre súčiastky a poťahy odolné voči opotrebeniu.</li> <li>Kompozity sú používané ako náhrada pre olovo v nábojoch.</li> <li>Chemické zlúčeniny volfrámu sa požívajú v katalyzátoroch, anorganických farbivách a disulfid volfrámu ako vysokotepelný lubrikant, ktorý je stály až pri 500 °C (930 °F).</li> <li>Keďže jeho tepelná rozťažnosť je podobná ako pri borosilikátovom skle, je používaný pre zátavy skla s kovom.</li></ul> <p>Ostatné: Oxidy sú používané v galzpre na keramiku a zlúčeniny volfrámu s kalciom alebo s <a href="/wiki/Hor%C4%8D%C3%ADk" title="Horčík">horčíkom</a> sú široko využívané v fluorescenčnom osvetlení. Kryštály sú používané v scintilačných detektoroch v jadrovej fyzike a v jadrovej medicíne, ale aj v elektrických peciach. Soli obsahujúce volfrám sú využívane v chemickom priemysle. Volfrámove „bronzy“ (nazýva sa tak kvôli farbe oxidu volfrámu) sú spolu s inými zložkami používané vo farbách. Karbidy volfrámu sa v poslednej dobe používaju v klenotníctve pre jeho schopnosť udržať si lesk aj po dlhšiu dobu na rozdiel od iných leštených kovov. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="História"><span id="Hist.C3.B3ria"></span>História</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volfr%C3%A1m&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Upraviť sekciu: História" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volfr%C3%A1m&action=edit&section=3" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce História"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BAbor:TungstenMetalUSGOV.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/TungstenMetalUSGOV.jpg/220px-TungstenMetalUSGOV.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/TungstenMetalUSGOV.jpg/330px-TungstenMetalUSGOV.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/TungstenMetalUSGOV.jpg/440px-TungstenMetalUSGOV.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="451" /></a><figcaption>Volfrámový prášok</figcaption></figure> <p>Volfrám bol po prvýkrát predpokladaný <a href="/w/index.php?title=Peter_Woulfe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Peter Woulfe (stránka neexistuje)">Petrom Woulfeom</a> v roku <a href="/wiki/1779" title="1779">1779</a>, ktorý po preskúmaní <a href="/wiki/Volframit" title="Volframit">volframitu</a> vyvodil, že musí obsahovať novú chemickú zlúčeninu. V roku 1781 <a href="/wiki/Carl_Wilhelm_Scheele" title="Carl Wilhelm Scheele">Carl Wilhelm Scheele</a> zistil, že nová <a href="/wiki/Kyselina" title="Kyselina">kyselina</a> môže byť vyrobená z volframitu. Scheele a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Torbern_Bergman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Torbern Bergman (stránka neexistuje)">Torbern Bergman</a> predpokladali, že by mohli byť schopní získať nový kov redukovaním tejto kyseliny. V <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0panielsko" title="Španielsko">Španielsku</a> roku 1783 bol volfrám úspešne izolovaný redukciou z kyseliny použitím <a href="/wiki/Uhlie" title="Uhlie">uhlia</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Juan_Jos%C3%A9_Elhuyar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Juan José Elhuyar (stránka neexistuje)">José</a> a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fausto_Elhuyar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fausto Elhuyar (stránka neexistuje)">Fausto Elhuyar</a> sú považovaní za objaviteľov tohto prvku. </p><p>V druhej svetovej vojne hral volfrám veľkú rolu v politickom pozadí vojny. Na <a href="/wiki/Portugalsko" title="Portugalsko">Portugalsko</a>, ako hlavný zdroj volfrámu pre Európu, bol vyvíjaný veľký tlak z obidvoch strán pre jeho zdroje volfrámovej rudy. Odolnosť voči veľkým teplotám ako aj veľká pevnosť jeho zliatín urobila tento kov veľmi dôležitý pre zbrojársky priemysel, používal sa ako jadro protipancierových striel. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Výskyt"><span id="V.C3.BDskyt"></span>Výskyt</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volfr%C3%A1m&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Upraviť sekciu: Výskyt" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volfr%C3%A1m&action=edit&section=4" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Výskyt"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Volfrám sa nachádza v mineráloch: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Volframit" title="Volframit">volframit</a> – (<a href="/wiki/%C5%BDelezo" title="Železo">Fe</a>W<a href="/wiki/Kysl%C3%ADk" title="Kyslík">O</a><sub>4</sub>/MnWO<sub>4</sub>,CaWO<sub>4</sub>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scheelit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scheelit (stránka neexistuje)">scheelit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferberit" title="Ferberit">ferberit</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%BCbnerit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hübnerit (stránka neexistuje)">hübnerit</a></li></ul> <p>Celosvetovo významné zásoby týchto minerálov sú v <a href="/wiki/Bol%C3%ADvia" title="Bolívia">Bolívií</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kalifornia" title="Kalifornia">Kalifornii</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C4%8C%C3%ADna" title="Čína">Číne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Colorado_(%C5%A1t%C3%A1t_USA)" title="Colorado (štát USA)">Colorade</a>, <a href="/wiki/Portugalsko" title="Portugalsko">Portugalsku</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rusko" title="Rusko">Rusku</a>, a v <a href="/wiki/Ju%C5%BEn%C3%A1_K%C3%B3rea" class="mw-redirect" title="Južná Kórea">Južnej Kórei</a> (spolu s Čínou predstavujú približne 75% svetových zásob). V <a href="/wiki/Eur%C3%B3pa" title="Európa">Európe</a> sú ďalšie menšie zásoby v <a href="/wiki/Rak%C3%BAsko" title="Rakúsko">Rakúsku</a>, <a href="/wiki/Franc%C3%BAzsko" title="Francúzsko">Francúzsku</a> a <a href="/wiki/Spojen%C3%A9_kr%C3%A1%C4%BEovstvo" title="Spojené kráľovstvo">Spojenom kráľovstve</a>. Ako <a href="/w/index.php?title=Druhotn%C3%A1_surovina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Druhotná surovina (stránka neexistuje)">druhotná surovina</a> sa používa <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%A0rot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Šrot (stránka neexistuje)">šrot</a> volfrámu vo forme triesok, pilín a prachu z <a href="/wiki/Br%C3%BAsenie" class="mw-disambig" title="Brúsenie">brúsenia</a> a šrot ťažkých kovov. Komerčne je tento kov vyrábaný redukovaním oxidu volfrámu s <a href="/wiki/Vod%C3%ADk" title="Vodík">vodíkom</a> alebo <a href="/wiki/Uhl%C3%ADk" title="Uhlík">uhlíkom</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Zlúčeniny"><span id="Zl.C3.BA.C4.8Deniny"></span>Zlúčeniny</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volfr%C3%A1m&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Upraviť sekciu: Zlúčeniny" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volfr%C3%A1m&action=edit&section=5" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Zlúčeniny"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Najbežnejším oxidačným stavom v ktorom sa volfrám vyskytuje je volfrám +VI, ale existujú aj iné stavy od +II do +VI. Volfrám typicky tvorí zlúčeniny s kyslíkom a vytvára tak napríklad <a href="/wiki/Oxid_volfr%C3%A1mov%C3%BD" title="Oxid volfrámový">oxid volfrámový</a>, WO<sub>3</sub>, ktorý sa rozpúšta v bázických roztokoch a tým vytvára ióny volfrámanu, WO<sub>4</sub><sup>2−</sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referencie">Referencie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volfr%C3%A1m&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Upraviť sekciu: Referencie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volfr%C3%A1m&action=edit&section=6" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Referencie"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-BinaMalaEnc-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-BinaMalaEnc_1-0"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">a</sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-BinaMalaEnc_1-1"><sup style="font-style: italic; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: top">b</sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">volfrám. In: BÍNA, Jaroslav. <i>Malá encyklopédia chémie</i>. 3. vyd. Bratislava : Obzor, 1981. S. 701. </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">GREENWOOD, Norman Neill; EARNSHAW, Alan. <i>Chemie prvků II</i>. Preklad František Jursík a kol. Vyd. 1. Praha : Informatorium, 1993. <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Kni%C5%BEn%C3%A9Zdroje/80-85427-38-9" title="Špeciálne:KnižnéZdroje/80-85427-38-9">ISBN <span class="ISBN">80-85427-38-9</span></a></span>. S. 1240. </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-daintith-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-daintith_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">DAINTITH, John. <i>Facts on File Dictionary of Chemistry</i>. New York : Checkmark Books, 2005. (4th.) <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Kni%C5%BEn%C3%A9Zdroje/0-8160-5649-8" title="Špeciálne:KnižnéZdroje/0-8160-5649-8">ISBN <span class="ISBN">0-8160-5649-8</span></a></span>. </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">LASSNER, Erik, Schubert, Wolf-Dieter <i>Tungsten: properties, chemistry, technology of the element, alloys, and chemical compounds</i>. [s.l.] : Springer, 1999. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/?id=foLRISkt9gcC&pg=PA20">Dostupné online.</a> <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Kni%C5%BEn%C3%A9Zdroje/978-0-306-45053-2" title="Špeciálne:KnižnéZdroje/978-0-306-45053-2">ISBN <span class="ISBN">978-0-306-45053-2</span></a></span>. Kapitola low temperature brittleness, s. 20 – 21. </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-albert-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-albert_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">STWERTKA, Albert. <i>A Guide to the elements</i>. New York : Oxford University Press, 2002. (2nd.) <span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0peci%C3%A1lne:Kni%C5%BEn%C3%A9Zdroje/0-19-515026-0" title="Špeciálne:KnižnéZdroje/0-19-515026-0">ISBN <span class="ISBN">0-19-515026-0</span></a></span>. </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">McMaster, J. and Enemark, John H. The active sites of molybdenum- and tungsten-containing enzymes. <i>Current Opinion in Chemical Biology</i>, 1998, roč. 2, s. 201 – 207. <a href="/wiki/ISSN" title="ISSN">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/issn/1367-5931">1367-5931</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2FS1367-5931%2898%2980061-6">10.1016/S1367-5931(98)80061-6</a>. <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9667924?dopt=Abstract">PMID 9667924</a>. </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">Hille, Russ. Molybdenum and tungsten in biology. <i>Trends in Biochemical Sciences</i>, 2002, roč. 27, s. 360 – 367. <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016%2FS0968-0004%2802%2902107-2">10.1016/S0968-0004(02)02107-2</a>. <a class="external mw-magiclink-pmid" rel="nofollow" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12114025?dopt=Abstract">PMID 12114025</a>. </cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite style="font-style:normal">INKOSAS. <i>Základní informace o wolframu</i> [online]. inkosas.cz, [cit. 2024-06-11]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.inkosas.cz/download/wolfram/wolfram-zakladni-informace.pdf">Dostupné online.</a> (po česky)</cite></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Iné_projekty"><span id="In.C3.A9_projekty"></span>Iné projekty</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volfr%C3%A1m&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Upraviť sekciu: Iné projekty" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volfr%C3%A1m&action=edit&section=7" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Iné projekty"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="interProject commons" style="display:none;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Tungsten" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Tungsten">Commons</a></div><div class="interProject wiktionary" style="display:none;"><a href="https://sk.wiktionary.org/wiki/volfr%C3%A1m" class="extiw" title="wikt:volfrám">Wikislovník</a></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Spolupracuj na Commons"><img alt="Spolupracuj na Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> Commons ponúka multimediálne súbory na tému <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Tungsten" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Tungsten">volfrám</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Spolupracuj na Wikislovníku"><img alt="Spolupracuj na Wikislovníku" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Wiktionary-ico-de.png/18px-Wiktionary-ico-de.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Wiktionary-ico-de.png/27px-Wiktionary-ico-de.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/38/Wiktionary-ico-de.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="32" /></span></span> Wikislovník ponúka heslo <b><a href="https://sk.wiktionary.org/wiki/volfr%C3%A1m" class="extiw" title="wikt:volfrám"><b>volfrám</b></a></b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Externé_odkazy"><span id="Extern.C3.A9_odkazy"></span>Externé odkazy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volfr%C3%A1m&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Upraviť sekciu: Externé odkazy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>upraviť</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Volfr%C3%A1m&action=edit&section=8" title="Editovat zdrojový kód sekce Externé odkazy"><span>upraviť zdroj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://periodic.lanl.gov/elements/74.html">Los Alamos National Laboratory – Tungsten</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051201034220/http://periodic.lanl.gov/elements/74.html">Archivované</a> 2005-12-01 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.webelements.com/webelements/elements/text/W/index.html">WebElements.com – Tungsten</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciencelab.com/data/elements/W.shtml">ScienceLab.com – Tungsten</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050404124542/http://www.sciencelab.com/data/elements/W.shtml">Archivované</a> 2005-04-04 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pniok.de/w.htm">picture in the collection from Heinrich Pniok</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100318130416/http://www.pniok.de/w.htm">Archivované</a> 2010-03-18 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tungsten-scrap.com/scrap_links.html">Tungsten-Scrap.com – Articles about Tungsten and applications for Tungsten scrap</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051231141824/http://www.tungsten-scrap.com/scrap_links.html">Archivované</a> 2005-12-31 na <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://elements.vanderkrogt.net/element.php?sym=W">Elementymology & Elements Multidict by Peter van der Krogt – Tungsten</a></li></ul> <div class="NavFrame" style="clear:both"> <div class="NavHead"><a href="/wiki/Periodick%C3%A1_tabu%C4%BEka" title="Periodická tabuľka">Periodická tabuľka chemických prvkov</a> </div> <div class="NavContent"> <table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" align="center" style="width:100%; font-size: 95%; border-collapse: collapse;"> <tbody><tr> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1._skupina" title="1. skupina">1</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2._skupina" title="2. skupina">2</a> </td> <td colspan="15" align="center"><a href="/wiki/3._skupina" title="3. skupina">3</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/4._skupina" title="4. skupina">4</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/5._skupina" title="5. skupina">5</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/6._skupina" title="6. skupina">6</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/7._skupina" title="7. skupina">7</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/8._skupina" title="8. skupina">8</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/9._skupina" title="9. skupina">9</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/10._skupina" title="10. skupina">10</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/11._skupina" title="11. skupina">11</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/12._skupina" title="12. skupina">12</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Triely" title="Triely">13</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tetrely" title="Tetrely">14</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pentely" title="Pentely">15</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chalkog%C3%A9ny" class="mw-redirect" title="Chalkogény">16</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Halog%C3%A9ny" class="mw-redirect" title="Halogény">17</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vz%C3%A1cny_plyn" title="Vzácny plyn"><span title="Vzácne plyny">18</span></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/1._peri%C3%B3da" title="1. perióda">1</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#a0ffa0" style="border:1px solid #777"><a href="/wiki/Vod%C3%ADk" title="Vodík">H</a> </td> <td align="center" colspan="30">  </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#c0ffff" style="border:1px solid #777"><a href="/wiki/H%C3%A9lium" title="Hélium">He</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2._peri%C3%B3da" title="2. perióda">2</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ff6666" style="border:1px solid #777"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADtium" title="Lítium">Li</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#cccccc" style="border:1px solid #777"><a href="/wiki/Ber%C3%BDlium" title="Berýlium">Be</a> </td> <td colspan="24" align="center">  </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#cccc99" style="border:1px solid #777"><a href="/wiki/B%C3%B3r" title="Bór">B</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#a0ffa0" style="border:1px solid #777"><a href="/wiki/Uhl%C3%ADk" title="Uhlík">C</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#a0ffa0" style="border:1px solid #777"><a href="/wiki/Dus%C3%ADk" title="Dusík">N</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#a0ffa0" style="border:1px solid #777"><a href="/wiki/Kysl%C3%ADk" title="Kyslík">O</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffff99" style="border:1px solid #777"><a href="/wiki/Flu%C3%B3r" title="Fluór">F</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#c0ffff" style="border:1px solid #777"><a href="/wiki/Ne%C3%B3n" title="Neón">Ne</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/3._peri%C3%B3da" title="3. perióda">3</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ff6666" style="border:1px solid #777"><a href="/wiki/Sod%C3%ADk" title="Sodík">Na</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#cccccc" style="border:1px solid #777"><a href="/wiki/Hor%C4%8D%C3%ADk" title="Horčík">Mg</a> </td> <td colspan="24" align="center">  </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#cccccc" style="border:1px solid #777"><a href="/wiki/Hlin%C3%ADk" title="Hliník">Al</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#cccc99" style="border:1px solid #777"><a href="/wiki/Krem%C3%ADk" title="Kremík">Si</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#a0ffa0" style="border:1px solid #777"><a href="/wiki/Fosfor" title="Fosfor">P</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#a0ffa0" style="border:1px solid #777"><a href="/wiki/S%C3%ADra" title="Síra">S</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffff99" style="border:1px solid #777"><a href="/wiki/Chl%C3%B3r" title="Chlór">Cl</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#c0ffff" style="border:1px solid #777"><a href="/wiki/Arg%C3%B3n" title="Argón">Ar</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/4._peri%C3%B3da" title="4. perióda">4</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ff6666" style="border:1px solid #777"><a href="/wiki/Drasl%C3%ADk" title="Draslík">K</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffdead" style="border:1px solid #777"><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A1pnik" title="Vápnik">Ca</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" style="border:1px solid #777"><a href="/wiki/Skandium" title="Skandium">Sc</a> </td> <td colspan="14" align="center">  </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" style="border:1px solid #777"><a href="/wiki/Tit%C3%A1n_(chemick%C3%BD_prvok)" title="Titán (chemický prvok)">Ti</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" style="border:1px solid #777"><a href="/wiki/Van%C3%A1d" title="Vanád">V</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" style="border:1px solid #777"><a href="/wiki/Chr%C3%B3m" title="Chróm">Cr</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" style="border:1px solid #777"><a href="/wiki/Mang%C3%A1n" title="Mangán">Mn</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" style="border:1px solid #777"><a href="/wiki/%C5%BDelezo" title="Železo">Fe</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" style="border:1px solid #777"><a href="/wiki/Kobalt" title="Kobalt">Co</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" style="border:1px solid #777"><a href="/wiki/Nikel" title="Nikel">Ni</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" style="border:1px solid #777"><a href="/wiki/Me%C4%8F" title="Meď">Cu</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" style="border:1px solid #777"><a href="/wiki/Zinok" title="Zinok">Zn</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#cccccc" style="border:1px solid #777"><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A1lium" title="Gálium">Ga</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#cccc99" style="border:1px solid #777"><a href="/wiki/Germ%C3%A1nium" title="Germánium">Ge</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#cccc99" style="border:1px solid #777"><a href="/wiki/Arz%C3%A9n" title="Arzén">As</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#a0ffa0" style="border:1px solid #777"><a href="/wiki/Sel%C3%A9n" title="Selén">Se</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffff99" style="border:1px solid #777"><a href="/wiki/Br%C3%B3m" title="Bróm">Br</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#c0ffff" style="border:1px solid #777"><a href="/wiki/Krypt%C3%B3n" title="Kryptón">Kr</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/5._peri%C3%B3da" title="5. perióda">5</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ff6666" style="border:1px solid #777"><a href="/wiki/Rub%C3%ADdium" title="Rubídium">Rb</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffdead" style="border:1px solid #777"><a href="/wiki/Stroncium" title="Stroncium">Sr</a> </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" style="border:1px solid #777"><a href="/wiki/Ytrium" title="Ytrium">Y</a> </td> <td colspan="14" align="center">  </td> <td align="center" bgcolor="#ffc0c0" style="border:1px solid #777"><a 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