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<a class="vector-toc-link" href="#British_service"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>British service</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-British_service-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Canadian_acquisition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Canadian_acquisition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Canadian acquisition</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Canadian_acquisition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Submarine_Operational_Update_Program_(SOUP)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Submarine_Operational_Update_Program_(SOUP)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Submarine Operational Update Program (SOUP)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Submarine_Operational_Update_Program_(SOUP)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chilean_service" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chilean_service"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Chilean service</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chilean_service-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Australian_service" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Australian_service"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Australian service</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Australian_service-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Fates</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Fates-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet 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class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" 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href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oberon-Klasse" title="Oberon-Klasse – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Oberon-Klasse" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clase_Oberon" title="Clase Oberon – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Clase Oberon" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C_%DA%A9%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%86" title="زیردریایی کلاس اوبرون – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زیردریایی کلاس اوبرون" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classe_Oberon" title="Classe Oberon – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Classe Oberon" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classe_Oberon" title="Classe Oberon – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Classe Oberon" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapal_selam_Kelas_Oberon" title="Kapal selam Kelas Oberon – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kapal selam Kelas Oberon" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%83%99%E3%83%AD%E3%83%B3%E7%B4%9A%E6%BD%9C%E6%B0%B4%E8%89%A6" title="オベロン級潜水艦 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="オベロン級潜水艦" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okr%C4%99ty_podwodne_typu_Oberon" title="Okręty podwodne typu Oberon – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Okręty podwodne typu Oberon" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classe_Oberon" title="Classe Oberon – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Classe Oberon" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B0_%C2%AB%D0%9E%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%C2%BB" title="Подводные лодки типа «Оберон» – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Подводные лодки типа «Оберон»" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oberon-luokka" title="Oberon-luokka – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Oberon-luokka" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> 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<div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">British-designed underwater naval vessel</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the 1920s O class submarines, sometimes referred to as the <i>Oberon</i> class, see <a href="/wiki/Odin-class_submarine" title="Odin-class submarine">Odin-class submarine</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;line-height:1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:HMS_Otus_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A submarine tied to a dock." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/HMS_Otus_1.jpg/300px-HMS_Otus_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="215" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/HMS_Otus_1.jpg/450px-HMS_Otus_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/HMS_Otus_1.jpg/600px-HMS_Otus_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="734" /></a></span><div><a href="/wiki/HMS_Otus_(S18)" title="HMS Otus (S18)">HMS <i>Otus</i></a> moored at a dock in 2002.</div> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Class overview</th></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Name</td><td><i>Oberon</i> class</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Builders</td><td><ul style="list-style:none; margin:0;"> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Vickers-Armstrongs" title="Vickers-Armstrongs">Vickers-Armstrongs</a></li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Cammell_Laird" title="Cammell Laird">Cammell Laird</a></li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Chatham_Dockyard" title="Chatham Dockyard">Chatham Dockyard</a></li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;"><a href="/wiki/Scotts_Shipbuilding_and_Engineering_Company" title="Scotts Shipbuilding and Engineering Company">Scotts Shipbuilding and Engineering Company</a></li> </ul></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Operators</td><td><ul style="list-style:none; margin:0;"> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Naval_Ensign_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Naval_Ensign_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Naval_Ensign_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Naval_Ensign_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Naval_Ensign_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Naval_Ensign_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a></li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Naval_Ensign_of_Australia.svg/23px-Naval_Ensign_of_Australia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Naval_Ensign_of_Australia.svg/35px-Naval_Ensign_of_Australia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Naval_Ensign_of_Australia.svg/46px-Naval_Ensign_of_Australia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Royal_Australian_Navy" title="Royal Australian Navy">Royal Australian Navy</a></li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Naval_Ensign_of_Canada.svg/23px-Naval_Ensign_of_Canada.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Naval_Ensign_of_Canada.svg/35px-Naval_Ensign_of_Canada.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Naval_Ensign_of_Canada.svg/46px-Naval_Ensign_of_Canada.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Royal_Canadian_Navy" title="Royal Canadian Navy">Maritime Command</a></li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/23px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/35px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/46px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Navy" title="Brazilian Navy">Brazilian Navy</a></li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/46px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Chilean_Navy" title="Chilean Navy">Chilean Navy</a></li> </ul></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Preceded by</td><td><a href="/wiki/British_Porpoise-class_submarine" title="British Porpoise-class submarine"><i>Porpoise</i> class</a></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Succeeded by</td><td><a href="/wiki/Upholder/Victoria-class_submarine" title="Upholder/Victoria-class submarine"><i>Upholder</i> class</a> and <a href="/wiki/Collins-class_submarine" title="Collins-class submarine"><i>Collins</i> class</a></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">In commission</td><td>1960–2000</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Completed</td><td>27</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Retired</td><td>27</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Preserved</td><td>8 complete, 3 partial, 1 awaiting conversion</td></tr> <tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">General characteristics for Royal Navy submarines</th></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Type</td><td>Attack/Patrol submarine</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Displacement</td><td><ul style="list-style:none; margin:0;"> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">Surfaced: 2,030 t (2,000 long tons)</li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">Submerged: 2,410 t (2,370 long tons)</li> </ul></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Length</td><td>295.2 ft (90.0 m)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Beam</td><td>26.5 ft (8.1 m)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Draught</td><td>18 ft (5.5 m)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Propulsion</td><td><ul style="list-style:none; margin:0;"> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">2 × 1,840 hp Admiralty Standard Range V16 diesels</li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">2 × 1,280 kW generators</li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">2 × 3,000 hp electric motors, diesel-electric</li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">2 shafts</li> </ul></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Speed</td><td><ul style="list-style:none; margin:0;"> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">Surfaced: 12 knots (22 km/h; 14 mph)<sup id="cite_ref-Janes96_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Janes96-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">Submerged: 17 knots (31 km/h; 20 mph)<sup id="cite_ref-Janes96_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Janes96-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> </ul></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Range</td><td>10,350 nautical miles (19,170 km; 11,910 mi) at surface cruising speed</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Test depth</td><td>650 ft (200 m)</td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Complement</td><td><ul style="list-style:none; margin:0;"> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">7 officers</li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">62 sailors</li> </ul></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Sensors and <br /> processing systems</td><td><ul style="list-style:none; margin:0;"> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">Type 1002 surface search and navigation radar</li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">Type 187 Active-Passive attack sonar</li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">Type 2007 long range passive sonar</li> </ul></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Electronic warfare <br /> & decoys</td><td>MEL Manta UAL or UA4 radar warning<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="Equipment appears to have been used on Canadian Oberons, but was it used on British Oberons? (November 2011)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Armament</td><td><ul style="list-style:none; margin:0;"> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">6 × 21 in (533.4 mm) bow tubes, 20 torpedoes</li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">2 × 21 in (533.4 mm) short stern tubes, 2 torpedoes</li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;">Forward torpedo payload could be replaced with 50 × mines</li> </ul></td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:top;"><td style="font-weight: bold">Notes</td><td><ul style="list-style:none; margin:0;"> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;"> • Taken from:<sup id="cite_ref-compedium_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-compedium-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li style="padding-left: .4em; text-indent: -.4em;"> • For differing characteristics in non-Royal Navy <i>Oberon</i>s, see the <a href="#Regional_variants">Regional variants</a> section or individual submarine articles</li> </ul></td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>The <b><i>Oberon</i> class</b> was a <a href="/wiki/Ship_class" title="Ship class">ship class</a> of 27 British-designed <a href="/wiki/Submarine" title="Submarine">submarines</a> operated by five nations. They were designed as a follow-on from the <a href="/wiki/British_Porpoise-class_submarine" title="British Porpoise-class submarine"><i>Porpoise</i> class</a>; physical dimensions were the same but stronger materials were used in hull construction and improved equipment was fitted.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <i>Oberon</i>s operated during the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a>, with duties including surveillance, tracking of other ships and submarines, delivery and retrieval of special forces personnel and serving as targets for anti-submarine training. Submarines of the class were in service until 2000. </p><p>The <i>Oberon</i> class was arguably the best conventional submarine class of its time,<sup id="cite_ref-brown&moore_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brown&moore-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with a reputation for remarkable quietness. The quietness of the <i>Oberon</i> vessels enabled them to operate into the late 20th century until replaced by newer classes such as the <a href="/wiki/Collins-class_submarine" title="Collins-class submarine"><i>Collins</i></a> and <a href="/wiki/Upholder/Victoria-class_submarine" title="Upholder/Victoria-class submarine"><i>Victoria</i></a> classes in Australia and Canada, respectively. </p><p>The submarines were built between 1957 and 1978 by four shipyards: <a href="/wiki/Cammell_Laird" title="Cammell Laird">Cammell Laird</a> (4), <a href="/wiki/Chatham_Dockyard" title="Chatham Dockyard">Chatham Dockyard</a> (6), <a href="/wiki/Scotts_Shipbuilding_and_Engineering_Company" title="Scotts Shipbuilding and Engineering Company">Scotts Shipbuilding and Engineering Company</a> (11) and <a href="/wiki/Vickers-Armstrongs" title="Vickers-Armstrongs">Vickers-Armstrongs</a> (6).<sup id="cite_ref-Moore_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moore-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thirteen of the submarines were operated by the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a>, six by the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Australian_Navy" title="Royal Australian Navy">Royal Australian Navy</a>, three by the <a href="/wiki/Brazilian_Navy" title="Brazilian Navy">Brazilian Navy</a>, three by the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Canadian_Navy" title="Royal Canadian Navy">Royal Canadian Navy</a>/<a href="/wiki/Canadian_Forces_Maritime_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian Forces Maritime Command">Canadian Forces Maritime Command</a> (plus two ex-Royal Navy boats later acquired for non-commissioned roles), and two by the <a href="/wiki/Chilean_Navy" title="Chilean Navy">Chilean Navy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Moore_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moore-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Design_and_construction">Design and construction</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oberon-class_submarine&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Design and construction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 295.2-foot (90.0 m)-long <i>Oberon</i> class was based on the preceding <a href="/wiki/British_Porpoise-class_submarine" title="British Porpoise-class submarine"><i>Porpoise</i> class</a> of submarines, which were in service from 1956 to 1988.<sup id="cite_ref-compedium_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-compedium-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Changes from the <i>Porpoise</i> design were primarily to improve the strength and stealth of the submarine.<sup id="cite_ref-compedium_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-compedium-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Instead of UXW steel, the hull was built from QT28 steel, which was easier to fabricate and stronger, allowing the submarine to dive deeper.<sup id="cite_ref-brown&moore_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brown&moore-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Glass-reinforced_plastic" class="mw-redirect" title="Glass-reinforced plastic">Glass-reinforced plastic</a> was used in construction of the <a href="/wiki/Casing_(submarine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Casing (submarine)">casing</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HMAS_Onslow_fin_and_masts.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/HMAS_Onslow_fin_and_masts.jpg/220px-HMAS_Onslow_fin_and_masts.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/HMAS_Onslow_fin_and_masts.jpg/330px-HMAS_Onslow_fin_and_masts.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/HMAS_Onslow_fin_and_masts.jpg/440px-HMAS_Onslow_fin_and_masts.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>The fin and equipment masts of <a href="/wiki/HMAS_Onslow" title="HMAS Onslow">HMAS <i>Onslow</i></a></figcaption></figure> <p>Electronics, sonar, and radar systems were also upgraded to the latest standard. The submarines were equipped with a type 1002 surface search and navigation radar, a type 187 active-passive attack sonar, and a type 2007 long-range passive sonar.<sup id="cite_ref-compedium_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-compedium-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>Oberon</i>s were constructed at a variety of shipyards in the United Kingdom: the six Australian and two Chilean submarines by <a href="/wiki/Scotts_Shipbuilding_and_Engineering_Company" title="Scotts Shipbuilding and Engineering Company">Scotts Shipbuilding and Engineering Company</a> (the latter were built after the <a href="/wiki/Scott_Lithgow" title="Scott Lithgow">Scott Lithgow</a> merger); the three Brazilian submarines by <a href="/wiki/Vickers-Armstrongs" title="Vickers-Armstrongs">Vickers-Armstrongs</a>; and the three Canadian submarines at <a href="/wiki/Chatham_Dockyard" title="Chatham Dockyard">Chatham Dockyard</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-compedium_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-compedium-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Construction of the British submarines was shared amongst four dockyards: the three mentioned above and <a href="/wiki/Cammell_Laird" title="Cammell Laird">Cammell Laird</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-compedium_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-compedium-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Armament">Armament</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oberon-class_submarine&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Armament"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Oberon-class_submarine" title="Special:EditPage/Oberon-class submarine">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2015</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Attack_Periscope_Type_CH74_-_RAN_Oberon_Class_Submarine_1957-99.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Attack_Periscope_Type_CH74_-_RAN_Oberon_Class_Submarine_1957-99.jpg/220px-Attack_Periscope_Type_CH74_-_RAN_Oberon_Class_Submarine_1957-99.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="331" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Attack_Periscope_Type_CH74_-_RAN_Oberon_Class_Submarine_1957-99.jpg/330px-Attack_Periscope_Type_CH74_-_RAN_Oberon_Class_Submarine_1957-99.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Attack_Periscope_Type_CH74_-_RAN_Oberon_Class_Submarine_1957-99.jpg/440px-Attack_Periscope_Type_CH74_-_RAN_Oberon_Class_Submarine_1957-99.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="4288" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Barr_and_Stroud" title="Barr and Stroud">Barr and Stroud</a> Attack Periscope Type CH74 – RAN <i>Oberon</i> class submarine</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fire_Control_Consoles_-_HMCS_Onondaga.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Fire_Control_Consoles_-_HMCS_Onondaga.jpg/220px-Fire_Control_Consoles_-_HMCS_Onondaga.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Fire_Control_Consoles_-_HMCS_Onondaga.jpg/330px-Fire_Control_Consoles_-_HMCS_Onondaga.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Fire_Control_Consoles_-_HMCS_Onondaga.jpg/440px-Fire_Control_Consoles_-_HMCS_Onondaga.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3764" data-file-height="2232" /></a><figcaption>Torpedo fire control consoles aboard HMCS <i>Onondaga</i></figcaption></figure> <p>The <i>Oberon</i>s were originally armed with eight 21-inch (533.4 mm) torpedo tubes: six tubes in the bow, and two short tubes for antisubmarine defence in the stern.<sup id="cite_ref-compedium_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-compedium-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The submarine normally carried a payload of 20 torpedoes for the forward tubes; a mix of <a href="/wiki/Mark_24_Tigerfish" class="mw-redirect" title="Mark 24 Tigerfish">Mark 24 Tigerfish</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_torpedoes#21"_Mark_VIII" class="mw-redirect" title="List of torpedoes">Mark 8</a> torpedoes, while only the two preloaded <a href="/wiki/British_21_inch_torpedo#21_inch_Mark_20_Bidder" class="mw-redirect" title="British 21 inch torpedo">Mark 20S</a> torpedoes were carried for the stern tubes.<sup id="cite_ref-compedium_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-compedium-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Naval_mine" title="Naval mine">Naval mines</a> could be carried instead of torpedoes: the torpedo payload would be replaced with up to 50 <a href="/wiki/Stonefish_(mine)" title="Stonefish (mine)">Mark 5 Stonefish</a> or Mark 6 Sea Urchin mines.<sup id="cite_ref-compedium_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-compedium-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The forward torpedo tubes are constructed in two sections bolted together across the bulkhead at the fore end of the torpedo compartment. The 116-inch (290 cm) long inner section is constructed of 0.5-inch (1.3 cm) rolled steel fitted with welded flanges and support brackets. The outer section is constructed of a similar tube 175 inches (440 cm) long but with a reinforced 1.125-inch (2.86 cm) thick section behind the main bulkhead. The internal door hinges at one side with two locking mechanisms, a swing bolt opposite the hinge and a rotating locking ring attached to the tube which presses down on the ten projecting lugs around the door. The outer end of the tube is sealed with a domed bow cap. Bow shutters close across the bow caps so as to preserve the streamlined shape of the bow when the cap is closed. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ocelot-TorpedoTubes.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Ocelot-TorpedoTubes.JPG/220px-Ocelot-TorpedoTubes.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Ocelot-TorpedoTubes.JPG/330px-Ocelot-TorpedoTubes.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Ocelot-TorpedoTubes.JPG/440px-Ocelot-TorpedoTubes.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2016" data-file-height="1512" /></a><figcaption>Forward torpedo tubes on <a href="/wiki/HMS_Ocelot_(S17)" title="HMS Ocelot (S17)">HMS <i>Ocelot</i></a></figcaption></figure> <p>The bow caps and shutters are mechanically linked to a hydraulically operated drive rod from within the torpedo compartment. The bow cap opens first behind the shutter, which then folds back against it forming a smooth exit tube. Interlocks prevent the doors at both ends being opened at the same time but the inner door is also provided with a test cock to check whether the tube is full of water before opening and remains held nearly closed by the swing bolt after the locking ring is released. The tube internal diameter is 22.5 in, wider than the torpedo, which is designed as a loose fit inside the tube. Torpedoes could be fired either electrically or with compressed air.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The aft torpedo tubes passed through the ballast tank at the rear of the submarine. A 31-inch (79 cm) section projected into the boat through the bulkhead, forming overall a relatively short tube of 12 feet (3.7 m), but of 25-inch (640 mm) diameter. </p><p>With the retirement of the Mark 20S torpedo in the 1980s, the stern torpedo tubes were decommissioned and the torpedo ballast tanks were thereafter used for storing beer.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Propulsion_systems">Propulsion systems</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oberon-class_submarine&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Propulsion systems"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The class used <a href="/wiki/Diesel-electric" class="mw-redirect" title="Diesel-electric">diesel-electric</a> propulsion, with <a href="/wiki/Lead-acid_battery" class="mw-redirect" title="Lead-acid battery">lead-acid batteries</a> to provide power when the engines cannot be used. Each vessel has two Admiralty-pattern V-16 <a href="/wiki/Diesel_engine" title="Diesel engine">diesel engines</a> (ASR1 16VMS), each driving one 1280-kW 880-V <a href="/wiki/Electric_generator" title="Electric generator">generator</a>. These can provide power directly to the two 3,000-<a href="/wiki/Horsepower#Brake_horsepower" title="Horsepower">brake-horsepower</a> (2,200 kW) <a href="/wiki/Electric_motor" title="Electric motor">electric motors</a>, one directly connected to each <a href="/wiki/Propeller" title="Propeller">propeller</a>, or for charging batteries. The diesel engines can only be operated with external ventilation, but this can be obtained either while on the surface or when shallowly submerged by use of two <a href="/wiki/Submarine_snorkel" title="Submarine snorkel">snorkels</a> which can be raised from the fin. One snorkel brings in new air to the boat, while the other takes exhaust fumes from the engines. The ventilation system is designed so the fresh air spreads through the boat.<sup id="cite_ref-SFMNPA_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SFMNPA-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HMS_Otus_-_Sassnitz_-_inside_10.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/HMS_Otus_-_Sassnitz_-_inside_10.jpg/220px-HMS_Otus_-_Sassnitz_-_inside_10.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/HMS_Otus_-_Sassnitz_-_inside_10.jpg/330px-HMS_Otus_-_Sassnitz_-_inside_10.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/HMS_Otus_-_Sassnitz_-_inside_10.jpg/440px-HMS_Otus_-_Sassnitz_-_inside_10.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Engine compartment on <a href="/wiki/HMS_Otus_(S18)" title="HMS Otus (S18)">HMS <i>Otus</i></a>, twin V16 diesel engines</figcaption></figure> <p>The generators are cooled by an internal fan on the shaft which circulates air through a filter and water-cooled heat exchanger within the casing. A grill allows pressure equalisation inside and out. The generator has one pedestal bearing fed with oil from the diesel engine lubrication supply and is fitted with an internal heater to prevent condensation when not running. </p><p>The submarine has two batteries, each comprising 224 2V cells (type D7420) giving a nominal 440 V output. One battery is located underneath the crew accommodation compartment, and the other under the control compartment. Each battery has a switch circuit in the middle so it can be split into two banks of 112 cells. The cells are designed to deliver 7420 <a href="/wiki/Ampere_hour" class="mw-redirect" title="Ampere hour">Ah</a> at the five hour discharge rate. All steelwork within the battery compartments is lined with rubber to protect the metal from attack by acid, and also all conducting material is insulated to prevent risks of electric shock. Waxed timber is used to make framing and crawlways to access the batteries and support them because of its resistance to acid. The battery compartment has a <a href="/wiki/Sump" title="Sump">sump</a> to collect any spilled liquids. Each cell weighs 1,120 lb (510 kg) and contains 18.5 gallons of electrolyte. Cells are held tightly in place with wooden wedges to prevent movement with the boat. Each cell has four connector bolts to each electrode and an agitator pipe which bubbles air through the cell to ensure the electrolyte remains mixed and uniform. Cooling water is fed through pipes attached to the electrode connectors to prevent overheating and the battery temperature is monitored.<sup id="cite_ref-SFMNPA_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SFMNPA-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In operation, each battery is charged until the voltage reaches 560 V, then allowed a further hour's charging. Fortnightly, it should be allowed 5 hours' charging after reaching 560 V to ensure a maximum charge is reached. Every two months, the battery should be given an equalising charge of eight hours to ensure all cells have reached their maximum. The battery is designed to operate with a <a href="/wiki/Specific_gravity" class="mw-redirect" title="Specific gravity">specific gravity</a> of the electrolyte between 1.080 and 1.280. Initial charging current should be around 1650 amps for s.g. below 1.180, 1250 A above 1.180, falling to 280 A when charging is complete. At a voltage around 538 V, the cells begin to give off explosive <a href="/wiki/Hydrogen" title="Hydrogen">hydrogen</a> gas, so the applied power is reduced during charging to keep voltage below this value until current falls to 280 A, which is then maintained while voltage is allowed to rise until the requisite voltage and charge time are reached. In an emergency, the charging current can be raised to 2000 A. To maintain overall capacity, batteries need to be completely discharged over a five-hour period once every four months and then completely recharged. The battery compartments are sealed to prevent gases escaping into the submarine, or salt water entering, which inside a battery would cause the release of poisonous <a href="/wiki/Chlorine" title="Chlorine">chlorine</a> gas. Ventilation fans are used to extract hydrogen released by the cells and catalytic converters are placed strategically through the submarine to remove hydrogen from the air by recombining it with oxygen to form water.<sup id="cite_ref-SFMNPA_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SFMNPA-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HMS_Ocelot_1962_propellor_motor_control_panel.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/HMS_Ocelot_1962_propellor_motor_control_panel.JPG/220px-HMS_Ocelot_1962_propellor_motor_control_panel.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/HMS_Ocelot_1962_propellor_motor_control_panel.JPG/330px-HMS_Ocelot_1962_propellor_motor_control_panel.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/HMS_Ocelot_1962_propellor_motor_control_panel.JPG/440px-HMS_Ocelot_1962_propellor_motor_control_panel.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Propeller motor control panel: The panel telegraph (top and left) showed instructions issued from the motor telegraph position beside the helm station in the control room which were to be carried out.</figcaption></figure> <p>Each of the two propellers on the submarine is connected to a 3000 bhp DC electric motor. Each motor is designed with two separate <a href="/wiki/Armature_(electrical_engineering)" class="mw-redirect" title="Armature (electrical engineering)">armatures</a>, in effect two motors in the same unit. Speed of the submarine can be varied by connecting the batteries and armatures in different series and parallel combinations. Slowest speed is obtained by connecting both batteries in parallel, thus supplying 440 V, across all four motor armatures in series, thus applying 110 V to each ('shafts in series'). Next, the batteries in parallel may be applied across the two motors in parallel, with their armatures in series ('group down'). This applies 220 V across each armature. Third, both batteries are applied in parallel across all four armatures applying 440 V to each ('group up'). Finally, the batteries can be arranged in series so as to apply 880 V across all four armatures in parallel ('batteries in series'). Each armature also has an associated field winding which is separately supplied with current which may be varied resistively, providing further speed control (maximum 35 A).<sup id="cite_ref-SFMNPA_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SFMNPA-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The motors are designed with a sealed oil <a href="/wiki/Sump" title="Sump">sump</a> from which oil is pumped continuously to lubricate the bearings. A fan draws air from the engine room through the motor to cool it and returns the exhaust air to the engine room through a water-cooled heat exchanger. This arrangement reduces the possibility of water being drawn into the motor should there be a leak in the cooler. The motor is also fitted with a heater to keep it warm when not running so as to prevent condensation internally. Temperature and revolution speed are monitored and displayed on the control panel.<sup id="cite_ref-SFMNPA_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SFMNPA-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Auxiliary_power">Auxiliary power</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oberon-class_submarine&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Auxiliary power"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Oberon-class_submarine" title="Special:EditPage/Oberon-class submarine">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2015</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The batteries provide variable DC power (VP), which ranges in normal usage from 390 to 650 V. Pumps for ballast, water, air compressors, ventilation, cooling, and hydraulics are all designed to cope with this supply range, but some equipment cannot. The boat, therefore, is supplied with two sets of auxiliary motor generators designed to be powered by the batteries and produce stable output, one set powered by each main battery. A 220 V DC supply (CP) is provided by two 100 kW (130 hp) generators, one supplied from each battery with either being sufficient by itself. Two 15 kW (20 hp) 60 Hz three-phase alternators provide power for equipment designed to work off 115 or 230 V AC and two more 15 kW 400 Hz generators provide power at 205 V AC used by radar, sonar, fire control, and communications electronics. Two 4 kW (5.4 hp) generators plus an additional backup battery provide 24 V DC. </p><p>In the event of damage to the main electrical distribution system, provision is made for one of the CP generators to be connected directly to one armature of the port motor, to provide some propulsion by alternative circuitry.<sup id="cite_ref-SFMNPA_7-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SFMNPA-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Regional_variations">Regional variations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oberon-class_submarine&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Regional variations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HMAS_Oxley_bow_back.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/HMAS_Oxley_bow_back.jpg/170px-HMAS_Oxley_bow_back.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/HMAS_Oxley_bow_back.jpg/255px-HMAS_Oxley_bow_back.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/HMAS_Oxley_bow_back.jpg/340px-HMAS_Oxley_bow_back.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1944" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>The preserved bow section of <a href="/wiki/HMAS_Oxley_(S_57)" title="HMAS Oxley (S 57)">HMAS <i>Oxley</i></a>: The mouths of the six torpedo tubes are displayed, along with the modified sonar dome and a mockup of the bow sonar array.</figcaption></figure> <dl><dt>Australia</dt> <dd>The <a href="/wiki/Royal_Australian_Navy" title="Royal Australian Navy">Royal Australian Navy</a> acquired six <i>Oberon</i>s: an initial order of four and a second order of two. The second order was originally for four submarines, but two were cancelled in favour of expanding the RAN <a href="/wiki/Fleet_Air_Arm_(RAN)" title="Fleet Air Arm (RAN)">Fleet Air Arm</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Stevens194_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stevens194-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd> <dd>Australian <i>Oberon</i>s had different electronic equipment, using primarily American radar and sonar systems. They had <a href="/wiki/Sperry_Corporation" title="Sperry Corporation">Sperry</a> <a href="/wiki/BQG-4" class="mw-redirect" title="BQG-4">BQG-4</a> Micropuffs passive ranging sonar and <a href="/wiki/Krupp" title="Krupp">Krupp</a> CSU3-41 attack sonar.<sup id="cite_ref-compedium_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-compedium-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Instead of the British Tigerfish torpedoes, the Australians used American <a href="/wiki/Mark_48_torpedo" title="Mark 48 torpedo">Mark 48 torpedoes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-compedium_2-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-compedium-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They had a slightly larger payload, carrying 22 torpedoes for the forward tubes, six of which were preloaded. Shortly after entering service, the aft torpedo tubes in all six submarines were sealed.</dd> <dd>The Australian submarines were later updated to be equipped with the subsonic antiship <a href="/wiki/Boeing_Harpoon" class="mw-redirect" title="Boeing Harpoon">Harpoon missile</a>. In 1985, off the island of <a href="/wiki/Kauai" title="Kauai">Kauai</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a>, HMAS <i>Ovens</i> became only the second conventional submarine in the world—and the first <i>Oberon</i>—to fire a subsurface-launched Harpoon missile, successfully hitting the target over the horizon. Consequently, the designation for the Australian <i>Oberon</i>s changed from SS to SSG.</dd></dl> <dl><dt>Brazil</dt> <dd>The main differences between the Brazilian and British <i>Oberon</i>s was the fire-control systems, with a Vickers system being fitted to the Brazilian boats.<sup id="cite_ref-compedium_2-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-compedium-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The three Brazilian submarines were later upgraded to use the more advanced Mod 1 Tigerfish torpedo.<sup id="cite_ref-compedium_2-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-compedium-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <dl><dt>Canada</dt> <dd>The three Canadian submarines were built with improved air-conditioning systems, while as many common components as possible were replaced with Canadian equivalents.<sup id="cite_ref-compedium_2-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-compedium-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Canadian <i>Oberon</i>s used United States Navy torpedoes throughout their career: they were initially equipped with <a href="/wiki/Mark_37_torpedo" title="Mark 37 torpedo">Mark 37 torpedoes</a>, but were later upgraded for the <a href="/wiki/Mark_48_torpedo" title="Mark 48 torpedo">Mark 48s</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-compedium_2-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-compedium-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <dl><dt>Chile</dt> <dd>Chilean submarines were identical to their British counterparts except for carrying German <a href="/wiki/SUT_torpedo" title="SUT torpedo">SUT torpedoes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-compedium_2-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-compedium-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Service">Service</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oberon-class_submarine&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Service"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="British_service">British service</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oberon-class_submarine&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: British service"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first of the class to be commissioned into the Royal Navy was <a href="/wiki/HMS_Orpheus_(S11)" title="HMS Orpheus (S11)"><i>Orpheus</i></a> in 1960, followed by the name vessel in 1961. The last to be commissioned was <a href="/wiki/HMS_Onyx_(S21)" title="HMS Onyx (S21)"><i>Onyx</i></a> in 1967. Six were commissioned between 1967 and 1978 for the RAN. In 1982, <i>Onyx</i> took part in the <a href="/wiki/Falklands_War" title="Falklands War">Falklands War</a>, the only conventional submarine of the RN to do so, landing members of the <a href="/wiki/Special_Boat_Service" title="Special Boat Service">SBS</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHennessy,_Jinks2015443–446_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHennessy,_Jinks2015443–446-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was escorted back to UK at 5 kn after hitting an undetected submerged reef which damaged two of its torpedo tubes, trapping a <a href="/wiki/Tigerfish_(torpedo)" title="Tigerfish (torpedo)">Tigerfish</a> torpedo. It was removed back at Portsmouth.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHennessy,_Jinks2015451–452_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHennessy,_Jinks2015451–452-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>All <i>Oberon</i>s in service, including boats exported, have now been decommissioned; the last RN boats were decommissioned in 1993, with the final Canadian and Australian <i>Oberon</i>s decommissioned in 2000. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Canadian_acquisition">Canadian acquisition</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oberon-class_submarine&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Canadian acquisition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Canadian_Oberon-class_boat_alongside_in_the_Caribbean.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Canadian_Oberon-class_boat_alongside_in_the_Caribbean.jpg/170px-Canadian_Oberon-class_boat_alongside_in_the_Caribbean.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="282" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Canadian_Oberon-class_boat_alongside_in_the_Caribbean.jpg/255px-Canadian_Oberon-class_boat_alongside_in_the_Caribbean.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Canadian_Oberon-class_boat_alongside_in_the_Caribbean.jpg/340px-Canadian_Oberon-class_boat_alongside_in_the_Caribbean.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="3400" /></a><figcaption>A Canadian <i>Oberon</i>-class submarine alongside in <a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_Roads_Naval_Station" title="Roosevelt Roads Naval Station">Roosey Roads</a> for Operation Springboard; January 1969</figcaption></figure> <p>Beginning in 1957, Canada began looking at acquiring submarines to replace the training <a href="/wiki/6th_Submarine_Division" title="6th Submarine Division">6th Submarine Division</a><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> provided by the Royal Navy at <a href="/wiki/Halifax,_Nova_Scotia" title="Halifax, Nova Scotia">Halifax, Nova Scotia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A proposal was submitted to the Canadian Chiefs of Staff in November 1959 affirming the need for a Canadian submarine service and to incorporate the acquisition of the subs into the fleet renewal plan of the late 1950s.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The subs would be part of Canada's effort to rectify the problem of block obsolescence in its surface fleet.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1960 two options were presented to the Canadian government, the first suggesting the acquisition of expensive <a href="/wiki/Barbel-class_submarine" title="Barbel-class submarine"><i>Barbel</i>-class submarines</a> and the second proposing the purchase of six cheaper <i>Oberon</i>s as part of a larger package of vessels.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In March 1962, <a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_Canada" title="Cabinet of Canada">Cabinet</a> recommended the purchase of three <i>Oberon</i>s and eight frigates, on the condition that the cost of acquiring the submarines from the United Kingdom would be offset by British defence purchases in Canada.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was also supplement by <a href="/wiki/Balao-class_submarine" title="Balao-class submarine">Balao-class submarine</a> trainer <a href="/wiki/USS_Burrfish" title="USS Burrfish">HMCS Grilse S-71 (former USS Burrfish SS-312)</a> beginning in 1961. On 11 April 1962, the purchase was announced in the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_of_Canada" title="House of Commons of Canada">House of Commons of Canada</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_National_Defence_(Canada)" title="Minister of National Defence (Canada)">Minister of National Defence</a>, <a href="/wiki/Douglas_Harkness" title="Douglas Harkness">Douglas Harkness</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, the Conservative government postponed the acquisition of the <i>Oberon</i>s due to the slow speed of the United Kingdom's attempt to offset the acquisition.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Conservative government was defeated in 1963 and the incoming Liberal government suspended all major defence procurement projects upon taking power.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The United Kingdom, in an effort to get the contract moving, offered the hulls of <i>Ocelot</i> and <i>Opportune</i>, but Canada passed on them. However, when <i>Onyx</i> became available, Canada took up the offer. The final price of $40 million for the entire contract was agreed upon in 1963.<sup id="cite_ref-ferguson260_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ferguson260-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since <i>Onyx</i> was already under construction, the boat was finished to Royal Navy specifications. All three boats received modifications to the original <i>Oberon</i> design, which included the enlargement of the snort de-icer, a different weapons fit, a larger air conditioning unit, active sonar and different communications equipment.<sup id="cite_ref-ferguson260_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ferguson260-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The second and third hulls were built to Canadian specifications, which moved the galley forward of the control room to make room for the sonar equipment. This led to the removal of three crew bunks, a problem that was never rectified in the submarines and led to an accommodation issue for the crew.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first submarine was scheduled to be delivered in 1965, with the following two in 1967 and 1968, respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-ferguson260_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ferguson260-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The three boats were given <a href="/wiki/First_Nations_in_Canada" title="First Nations in Canada">First Nations</a> names; <i>Onyx</i> being renamed <i>Ojibwa</i>, <i>Onondaga</i> and <i>Okanagan</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They entered service on 23 September 1965, 22 June 1967 and 22 June 1968 respectively for service as "clockwork mice", submarines used to train surface vessels in anti-submarine warfare.<sup id="cite_ref-mac1_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mac1-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Two further <i>Oberon</i>s were acquired but never commissioned into the Canadian Navy. In 1989, <i>Olympus</i> was acquired as a stationary <a href="/wiki/Training_ship" title="Training ship">training vessel</a> at Halifax, Nova Scotia.<sup id="cite_ref-mac1_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mac1-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ferguson300_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ferguson300-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1992 <i>Osiris</i> was acquired for cannibalisation in a spare parts program between the UK and Canada. The submarine never sailed and was taken apart in the UK to arrive in Canada in 22,050 pieces in 1993.<sup id="cite_ref-ferguson300_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ferguson300-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Submarine_Operational_Update_Program_(SOUP)"><span id="Submarine_Operational_Update_Program_.28SOUP.29"></span>Submarine Operational Update Program (SOUP)</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oberon-class_submarine&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Submarine Operational Update Program (SOUP)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>By the late 1970s, the <i>Oberon</i>s in Canadian service had become obsolete and were in need of an update. Planning was done in 1978 and the program approved in February 1979.<sup id="cite_ref-ferguson298_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ferguson298-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In an effort to take the subs from anti-submarine warfare training to frontline service, Maritime Command developed a refit program that included new sonars, periscopes, communications and fire-control systems. They also had their armament upgraded with the fitting of torpedo tubes capable of firing the Mk 48 torpedo. This would allow the submarines to be deployed by <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> in the North Atlantic to monitor Soviet submarines.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By 1975, the fire control system aboard the Canadian <i>Oberon</i>s was obsolete. Spare parts from the UK were becoming rarer. The Submarine Operational Update Program (SOUP) was developed to deal with the operational capability of the submarines along with a Logistic Support Agreement (LSA) to acquire more spare parts. The SOUP refits were performed during the submarines' mid-life refits.<sup id="cite_ref-ferguson298_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ferguson298-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The LSA was finalised in 1989, with the acquisition of <i>Olympus</i> as a training vessel. However, the LSA was deemed insufficient by 1992 and the Canadian government acquired <i>Osiris</i> for cannibalisation.<sup id="cite_ref-ferguson300_29-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ferguson300-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The SOUP refits comprised a new US fire control system, a digital Singer Librascope Mark I, and new Sperry passive ranging sonar with the Type 719 short range sonar removed. The new sonar was placed in the upper casing on the pressure hull. New communications and navigational systems were installed.<sup id="cite_ref-ferguson298_30-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ferguson298-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The submarines were fitted with new torpedo tubes for Mk 48 torpedoes; however, the torpedoes themselves were considered a separate procurement program, which was only finalised in 1985.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Between 1980 and 1986, one of the Canadian <i>Oberon</i>s was out of service undergoing the refit. SOUP came in on time and on its budget of $45 million in 1986.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> SOUP kept the Canadian <i>Oberon</i>s until the end of the 1990s when they were replaced by the British <a href="/wiki/Upholder-class_submarine" class="mw-redirect" title="Upholder-class submarine"><i>Upholder</i>-class submarines</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chilean_service">Chilean service</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oberon-class_submarine&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Chilean service"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Destroyer_Blanco_Encalada_(DLH_15)_and_submarine_O%27Brien_(SS_22)_.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Destroyer_Blanco_Encalada_%28DLH_15%29_and_submarine_O%27Brien_%28SS_22%29_.jpg/220px-Destroyer_Blanco_Encalada_%28DLH_15%29_and_submarine_O%27Brien_%28SS_22%29_.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Destroyer_Blanco_Encalada_%28DLH_15%29_and_submarine_O%27Brien_%28SS_22%29_.jpg/330px-Destroyer_Blanco_Encalada_%28DLH_15%29_and_submarine_O%27Brien_%28SS_22%29_.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Destroyer_Blanco_Encalada_%28DLH_15%29_and_submarine_O%27Brien_%28SS_22%29_.jpg/440px-Destroyer_Blanco_Encalada_%28DLH_15%29_and_submarine_O%27Brien_%28SS_22%29_.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Chilean_submarine_O%27Brien_(S22)" title="Chilean submarine O'Brien (S22)">Chilean submarine <i>O'Brien</i></a> operating with the destroyer <a href="/wiki/HMS_Fife_(D20)" title="HMS Fife (D20)"><i>Blanco Encalada</i></a> during exercise Teamwork South 1999</figcaption></figure> <p>The Chilean government required two <i>Oberon</i>-class submarines to be built by Scott's Shipbuilders Engineering Co., Ltd. The first was built in 1971 and launched on 22 December 1972 and given the name <i>O'Brien</i>, arriving at Punta Arenas on 10 August 1976. The second submarine, built in 1972, launched on 26 September 1973, was given the name <i>Hyatt</i>. The submarine arrived at <a href="/wiki/Punta_Arenas" title="Punta Arenas">Punta Arenas</a> on 10 February 1977. These two submarines were able to achieve a speed of 12 knots surfaced and 17 knots submerged. With a length of 90 meters and a displacement of 2,030 tons surfaced and 2,410 tons submerged, the submarines had a 6,000 bhp engine to power them. The submarines were fitted with eight 21-inch torpedo tubes. Both submarines remained in service until 31 December 2001 where they were replaced by <a href="/wiki/Scorp%C3%A8ne-class_submarine" title="Scorpène-class submarine">Scorpène-class submarines</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hyatt_O%C2%B4Brien_and_Simpson.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Hyatt_O%C2%B4Brien_and_Simpson.jpg/220px-Hyatt_O%C2%B4Brien_and_Simpson.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Hyatt_O%C2%B4Brien_and_Simpson.jpg/330px-Hyatt_O%C2%B4Brien_and_Simpson.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Hyatt_O%C2%B4Brien_and_Simpson.jpg/440px-Hyatt_O%C2%B4Brien_and_Simpson.jpg 2x" data-file-width="664" data-file-height="443" /></a><figcaption><i>Oberon</i>-class submarines <i>Hyatt</i> and <i>O'Brien</i> docked together with the submarine <i>Simpson</i></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hyatt_Submarine.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Hyatt_Submarine.jpg/220px-Hyatt_Submarine.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/06/Hyatt_Submarine.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="200" /></a><figcaption><i>Oberon</i>-class submarine <i>Hyatt</i>, picture by the Chilean Navy</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Australian_service">Australian service</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oberon-class_submarine&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Australian service"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Australian <i>Oberon</i>-class submarines were reported to have regularly conducted operations with special forces, although due to their limited capability these were restricted to circumstances where the boat could surface, and were usually conducted at night. This included placing divers under the casing for further covert movement, or disembarking special forces teams using kayaks or inflatable boats.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fates">Fates</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oberon-class_submarine&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Fates"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:OberonclassSubmarineHelm.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/OberonclassSubmarineHelm.JPG/220px-OberonclassSubmarineHelm.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/OberonclassSubmarineHelm.JPG/330px-OberonclassSubmarineHelm.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/OberonclassSubmarineHelm.JPG/440px-OberonclassSubmarineHelm.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>Helm station aboard <a href="/wiki/HMAS_Ovens" title="HMAS Ovens">HMAS <i>Ovens</i></a> at the <a href="/wiki/Western_Australian_Maritime_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Australian Maritime Museum">Western Australian Maritime Museum</a></figcaption></figure> <p>As of 2015, eight of the submarines are preserved intact as <a href="/wiki/Museum_ship" title="Museum ship">museum vessels</a>, another three are partially preserved (with some exterior portions of the submarine on display) and one is in private ownership and awaiting conversion for display. The rest have been sold for scrap, including one former museum vessel. </p><p>Two of the ex-Royal Navy submarines were preserved in the UK but only one remains. HMS <i>Onyx</i> was moved to <a href="/wiki/Barrow-in-Furness" title="Barrow-in-Furness">Barrow-in-Furness</a> after the museum at <a href="/wiki/Birkenhead" title="Birkenhead">Birkenhead</a>, <a href="/wiki/Merseyside" title="Merseyside">Merseyside</a> closed but was later towed to Gareloch in Scotland where she was broken for scrap in 2014 after failed attempts to turn her into a museum. The other boat, <a href="/wiki/HMS_Ocelot_(S17)" title="HMS Ocelot (S17)"><i>Ocelot</i></a>, is located at <a href="/wiki/Chatham,_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Chatham, England">Chatham</a>. <a href="/wiki/HMS_Otus_(S18)" title="HMS Otus (S18)"><i>Otus</i></a> is harboured in <a href="/wiki/Sassnitz" title="Sassnitz">Sassnitz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> on the island of <a href="/wiki/R%C3%BCgen" title="Rügen">Rügen</a> and can be visited. Another two British <i>Oberon</i>s were transferred to Canada: <a href="/wiki/HMS_Olympus_(S12)" title="HMS Olympus (S12)"><i>Olympus</i></a> as a non-commissioned training vessel, and <a href="/wiki/HMS_Osiris_(S13)" title="HMS Osiris (S13)"><i>Osiris</i></a> for <a href="/wiki/Spare_part" title="Spare part">spare parts</a>. The other British submarines were disposed of. </p><p>Australia's six <i>Oberon</i>s have been preserved and are on display, either completely or partially. <a href="/wiki/HMAS_Ovens" title="HMAS Ovens">HMAS <i>Ovens</i></a> is located at the <a href="/wiki/Western_Australian_Maritime_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Australian Maritime Museum">Western Australian Maritime Museum</a> at <a href="/wiki/Fremantle" title="Fremantle">Fremantle</a>, while <a href="/wiki/HMAS_Onslow" title="HMAS Onslow">HMAS <i>Onslow</i></a> is located at the <a href="/wiki/Australian_National_Maritime_Museum" title="Australian National Maritime Museum">Australian National Maritime Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Darling_Harbour" title="Darling Harbour">Darling Harbour</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sydney" title="Sydney">Sydney</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Fin_(submarine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fin (submarine)">fin</a>, outer hull, and stern section of <a href="/wiki/HMAS_Otway_(S_59)" title="HMAS Otway (S 59)">HMAS <i>Otway</i></a> are preserved on land at <a href="/wiki/Holbrook,_New_South_Wales" title="Holbrook, New South Wales">Holbrook, New South Wales</a>. <a href="/wiki/HMAS_Otama" title="HMAS Otama">HMAS <i>Otama</i></a> is located off <a href="/wiki/Crib_Point,_Victoria" title="Crib Point, Victoria">Crib Point</a> in <a href="/wiki/Western_Port" title="Western Port">Westernport Bay</a>, Victoria, where she has been awaiting conversion into a museum vessel since 2002; a lack of funding and co-operation from local and state governments means that the volunteer group hoping to preserve <i>Otama</i> attempted to sell the submarine on eBay but to no avail.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/HMAS_Oxley_(S_57)" title="HMAS Oxley (S 57)">HMAS <i>Oxley</i></a>'s fin stands as a permanent memorial at <a href="/wiki/HMAS_Stirling" title="HMAS Stirling">HMAS <i>Stirling</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/Garden_Island_(Western_Australia)" title="Garden Island (Western Australia)">Garden Island, Western Australia</a>; while <a href="/wiki/HMAS_Oxley_(S_57)" title="HMAS Oxley (S 57)">HMAS <i>Oxley</i></a>'s bow is next to <a href="/wiki/HMAS_Ovens" title="HMAS Ovens">HMAS <i>Ovens</i></a> at the <a href="/wiki/Western_Australian_Maritime_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Australian Maritime Museum">Western Australian Maritime Museum</a>. <a href="/wiki/HMAS_Orion" title="HMAS Orion">HMAS <i>Orion</i></a>'s fin stands as a permanent memorial at <a href="/wiki/Rockingham_Naval_Memorial_Park" title="Rockingham Naval Memorial Park">Rockingham Naval Memorial Park</a> in Western Australia. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:3_Oberon_submarine_Dartmouth_2010b.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/3_Oberon_submarine_Dartmouth_2010b.jpg/220px-3_Oberon_submarine_Dartmouth_2010b.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/3_Oberon_submarine_Dartmouth_2010b.jpg/330px-3_Oberon_submarine_Dartmouth_2010b.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/3_Oberon_submarine_Dartmouth_2010b.jpg/440px-3_Oberon_submarine_Dartmouth_2010b.jpg 2x" data-file-width="987" data-file-height="447" /></a><figcaption>Three <i>Oberon</i>-class submarines laid up in <a href="/wiki/Halifax_Harbour" title="Halifax Harbour">Halifax Harbour</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In 2005, it was announced that the four surviving <a href="/wiki/Royal_Canadian_Navy" title="Royal Canadian Navy">Canadian</a> submarines (minus <i>Osiris</i>, which was scrapped in 1992<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2011)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> after being stripped for parts) were to be sold for scrapping, as they had deteriorated beyond the point of use.<sup id="cite_ref-CBCInDepth_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CBCInDepth-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/HMCS_Onondaga" title="HMCS Onondaga"><i>Onondaga</i></a> was purchased for C$4 plus tax by the <a href="/wiki/Site_historique_maritime_de_la_Pointe-au-P%C3%A8re" title="Site historique maritime de la Pointe-au-Père">Site historique maritime de la Pointe-au-Père</a> for use as a museum vessel,<sup id="cite_ref-CBCInDepth_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CBCInDepth-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was towed from Halifax to <a href="/wiki/Pointe-au-P%C3%A8re,_Quebec" title="Pointe-au-Père, Quebec">Pointe-au-Père, Quebec</a> in July 2008. In July 2011, <i>Olympus</i> was towed to a scrapyard in <a href="/wiki/Port_Maitland,_Ontario" title="Port Maitland, Ontario">Port Maitland, Ontario</a>, with <a href="/wiki/HMCS_Okanagan" title="HMCS Okanagan"><i>Okanagan</i></a> to be delivered to the same scrapyard in August 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-Jeffrey_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jeffrey-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/HMCS_Ojibwa" title="HMCS Ojibwa"><i>Ojibwa</i></a> has been preserved as part of the <a href="/wiki/Elgin_Military_Museum" title="Elgin Military Museum">Elgin Military Museum</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Jeffrey_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jeffrey-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was moved to <a href="/wiki/Port_Burwell,_Ontario" title="Port Burwell, Ontario">Port Burwell, Ontario</a> in November 2012, and will become a focal point of a new Museum of Naval History.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> <i>Ojibwa</i> opened for public tours in July 2013. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SS22_Riachuelo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/SS22_Riachuelo.jpg/220px-SS22_Riachuelo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/SS22_Riachuelo.jpg/330px-SS22_Riachuelo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/SS22_Riachuelo.jpg/440px-SS22_Riachuelo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="850" data-file-height="567" /></a><figcaption>SS22 <i>Riachuelo</i> at the Brazilian Navy Cultural Centre</figcaption></figure> <p>One of the Brazilian <i>Oberon</i>s (<i>Tonelero</i>) sank while docked at the navy yards at the Praça Mauá on Rio de Janeiro, on 24 December 2000.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The surviving Brazilian <i>Oberon</i>, <i>Riachuelo</i>, was converted into a museum at the Brazilian Navy Cultural Center (<i>Espaço Cultural da Marinha Brasileira</i>) in Rio de Janeiro.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Chilean_Navy" title="Chilean Navy">Chilean Navy</a> sold <a href="/wiki/Chilean_submarine_O%27Brien_(S22)" title="Chilean submarine O'Brien (S22)"><i>O'Brien</i></a> to the city of <a href="/wiki/Valdivia" title="Valdivia">Valdivia</a> in 2002, to be converted into the first submarine museum of Chile. The submarine went through a series of modifications in the <a href="/wiki/ASMAR" title="ASMAR">ASMAR</a> shipyards during that year, and as of December 2017, is on display at the end of Avenida Costanera Arturo Prat, in front of the <a href="/wiki/Law_of_Chile" title="Law of Chile">Corte de Apelaciones</a> building.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Successors">Successors</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oberon-class_submarine&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Successors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <i>Oberon</i> class was briefly succeeded in RN service by the <a href="/wiki/Upholder/Victoria-class_submarine" title="Upholder/Victoria-class submarine"><i>Upholder</i>-class submarine</a>. The <i>Upholder</i>-class submarines were later upgraded and sold to <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> for service in the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Canadian_Navy" title="Royal Canadian Navy">Royal Canadian Navy</a> after refit as the <a href="/wiki/Upholder/Victoria-class_submarine" title="Upholder/Victoria-class submarine"><i>Victoria</i> class</a>, again replacing <i>Oberon</i>s. </p><p>The Australian <i>Oberon</i>s were replaced by the six <a href="/wiki/Collins-class_submarine" title="Collins-class submarine"><i>Collins</i>-class submarines</a>. </p><p>The two Chilean <i>Oberon</i>s were replaced by the <a href="/wiki/Scorp%C3%A8ne-class_submarine" title="Scorpène-class submarine">Scorpène-class submarines</a> <i>O'Higgins</i> and <i>Carrera</i>. </p><p>The Brazilian <i>Oberon</i>s were replaced by <a href="/wiki/Type_209_submarine" title="Type 209 submarine">Type 209 submarines</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oberon-class_submarine&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Oberon_(S09)" title="HMS Oberon (S09)">HMS <i>Oberon</i></a>, lead ship of the Oberon class</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Oberon-class_submarines" title="List of Oberon-class submarines">List of <i>Oberon</i>-class submarines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_submarines_of_the_Royal_Navy" title="List of submarines of the Royal Navy">List of submarines of the Royal Navy</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oberon-class_submarine&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oberon-class_submarine&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Janes96-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Janes96_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Janes96_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Sharpe (ed.), <i>Jane's Fighting Ships, 1996–97</i>, pgs. 23, 54, 86, 104</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-compedium-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-compedium_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-compedium_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-compedium_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-compedium_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-compedium_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-compedium_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-compedium_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-compedium_2-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-compedium_2-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-compedium_2-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-compedium_2-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-compedium_2-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-compedium_2-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-compedium_2-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-compedium_2-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-compedium_2-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Chant, <i>A Compedium of Armaments and Military Hardware</i>, pp. 167–8</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFChant2005" class="citation book cs1">Chant, Christopher (2005). <i>Submarine Warfare Today: The World's Deadliest Underwater Weapons Systems</i>. Wigston: Silverdale Books. p. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (June 2015)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84509-158-2" title="Special:BookSources/1-84509-158-2"><bdi>1-84509-158-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/156749009">156749009</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Submarine+Warfare+Today%3A+The+World%27s+Deadliest+Underwater+Weapons+Systems&rft.place=Wigston&rft.pages=Category%3AWikipedia+articles+needing+page+number+citations+from+June+2015%3Csup+class%3D%22noprint+Inline-Template+%22+style%3D%22white-space%3Anowrap%3B%22%3E%26%2391%3B%3Ci%3EWikipedia%3ACiting+sources%7C%3Cspan+title%3D%22This+citation+requires+a+reference+to+the+specific+page+or+range+of+pages+in+which+the+material+appears.%26%2332%3B%28June+2015%29%22%3Epage-needed%3C%2Fspan%3E%3C%2Fi%3E%26%2393%3B%3C%2Fsup%3E&rft.pub=Silverdale+Books&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F156749009&rft.isbn=1-84509-158-2&rft.aulast=Chant&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOberon-class+submarine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-brown&moore-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-brown&moore_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-brown&moore_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Brown & Moore, <i>Rebuilding the Royal Navy</i>, p. 116</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Moore-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Moore_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Moore_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoore,_John1977" class="citation book cs1">Moore, John, ed. (1977). <i>Jane's Fighting Ships 1977–78</i>. <a href="/wiki/Jane%27s_Fighting_Ships" class="mw-redirect" title="Jane's Fighting Ships">Jane's Fighting Ships</a> (80th ed.). London: Jane's Yearbooks. pp. 26, 44, 63, 81, 490. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0531032779" title="Special:BookSources/0531032779"><bdi>0531032779</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/18207174">18207174</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jane%27s+Fighting+Ships+1977%E2%80%9378&rft.place=London&rft.series=Jane%27s+Fighting+Ships&rft.pages=26%2C+44%2C+63%2C+81%2C+490&rft.edition=80th&rft.pub=Jane%27s+Yearbooks&rft.date=1977&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F18207174&rft.isbn=0531032779&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOberon-class+submarine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChris_Bishop_and_Tony_Cullen1988" class="citation book cs1">Chris Bishop and Tony Cullen (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofwo0000unse_v9e5/page/42"><i>The Encyclopedia of World Sea Power</i></a>. Crescent Books. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofwo0000unse_v9e5/page/42">42</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0517653427" title="Special:BookSources/0517653427"><bdi>0517653427</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+World+Sea+Power&rft.pages=42&rft.pub=Crescent+Books&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=0517653427&rft.au=Chris+Bishop+and+Tony+Cullen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fencyclopediaofwo0000unse_v9e5%2Fpage%2F42&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOberon-class+submarine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SFMNPA-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SFMNPA_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SFMNPA_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SFMNPA_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SFMNPA_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SFMNPA_7-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SFMNPA_7-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://maritime.org/doc/oberon/electrical/index.php#toc">"C.F. 'O' Class Submarines - Electrical Systems"</a>. <i>San Francisco Maritime Nation Park Association</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=San+Francisco+Maritime+Nation+Park+Association&rft.atitle=C.F.+%27O%27+Class+Submarines+-+Electrical+Systems&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmaritime.org%2Fdoc%2Foberon%2Felectrical%2Findex.php%23toc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOberon-class+submarine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Stevens194-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Stevens194_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Stevens (ed.), <i>The Royal Australian Navy</i>, p. 194.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHennessy,_Jinks2015443–446-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHennessy,_Jinks2015443–446_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHennessy,_Jinks2015">Hennessy, Jinks 2015</a>, pp. 443–446.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFHennessy,_Jinks2015 (<a href="/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHennessy,_Jinks2015451–452-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHennessy,_Jinks2015451–452_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHennessy,_Jinks2015">Hennessy, Jinks 2015</a>, pp. 451–452.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFHennessy,_Jinks2015 (<a href="/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWatson" class="citation web cs1">Watson, Graham. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.naval-history.net/xGW-RNOrganisation1947-2013.htm#3">"Royal Navy Organisation and Ship Deployment 1947–2013"</a>. <i>naval-history.net</i>. Gordon Smith, 12 July 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=naval-history.net&rft.atitle=Royal+Navy+Organisation+and+Ship+Deployment+1947%E2%80%932013&rft.aulast=Watson&rft.aufirst=Graham&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.naval-history.net%2FxGW-RNOrganisation1947-2013.htm%233&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOberon-class+submarine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ferguson, p.244</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hadley et al., pp.144–5</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gimblett, p.144</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ferguson, p.248</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Milner, p.227, 231</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ferguson, p.249</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hadley et al., p.150</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ferguson, p.250</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hadley et al., p.152</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ferguson, p.251</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ferguson, p.259</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Milner, p.237</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ferguson260-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ferguson260_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ferguson260_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ferguson260_24-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ferguson, p.260</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ferguson, p.263</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ferguson, p.261</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mac1-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mac1_27-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mac1_27-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Macpherson and Barrie, p.268</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Milner, p.265</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ferguson300-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ferguson300_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ferguson300_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ferguson300_29-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ferguson, p.300</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ferguson298-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ferguson298_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ferguson298_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ferguson298_30-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ferguson, p.298</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gimblett, p.179</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Milner, p.273</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ferguson, pp.298–9</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ferguson, p.299</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Milner, p.287</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gimblett, p.192</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Patrick 2014, p. 37.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abc.net.au/news/video/2008/11/24/2427751.htm">"Former Navy submarine on Ebay"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(Streaming video)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Australian_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Australian Broadcasting Corporation">Australian Broadcasting Corporation</a></i>. 24 November 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 November</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Australian+Broadcasting+Corporation&rft.atitle=Former+Navy+submarine+on+Ebay&rft.date=2008-11-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.abc.net.au%2Fnews%2Fvideo%2F2008%2F11%2F24%2F2427751.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOberon-class+submarine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CBCInDepth-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CBCInDepth_39-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CBCInDepth_39-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/cdnsubs/">"In Depth: Canada's Submarines"</a>. CBC News. 1 November 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 November</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=In+Depth%3A+Canada%27s+Submarines&rft.pub=CBC+News&rft.date=2005-11-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fnews%2Fbackground%2Fcdnsubs%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOberon-class+submarine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jeffrey-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Jeffrey_40-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jeffrey_40-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJeffrey2011" class="citation news cs1">Jeffrey, Davene (19 July 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thechronicleherald.ca/Metro/1253978.html">"Former HMS Olympus en route to scrapyard"</a>. <i>The Chronicle Herald</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 July</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Chronicle+Herald&rft.atitle=Former+HMS+Olympus+en+route+to+scrapyard&rft.date=2011-07-19&rft.aulast=Jeffrey&rft.aufirst=Davene&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthechronicleherald.ca%2FMetro%2F1253978.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOberon-class+submarine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070929090804/http://jornal.valeparaibano.com.br/2000/12/26/geral/maria.html">"Submarino da Marinha afunda do Rio"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jornal.valeparaibano.com.br/2000/12/26/geral/maria.html">the original</a> on 29 September 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Submarino+da+Marinha+afunda+do+Rio&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjornal.valeparaibano.com.br%2F2000%2F12%2F26%2Fgeral%2Fmaria.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOberon-class+submarine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080617112057/http://www.mar.mil.br/sdm/riachu/riachu.htm">"Submarino-Museu Riachuelo"</a> (in Portuguese). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mar.mil.br/sdm/riachu/riachu.htm">the original</a> on 17 June 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 November</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Submarino-Museu+Riachuelo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mar.mil.br%2Fsdm%2Friachu%2Friachu.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOberon-class+submarine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180202223748/http://www.ccm-valdivia.cl/ccm/index.php/institucion/museo-submarino-o-brien">"Museo Submarino O'Brien"</a>. <i>Corporacion Cultural Municipal de Valdivia</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ccm-valdivia.cl/ccm/index.php/institucion/museo-submarino-o-brien">the original</a> on 2 February 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 February</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Corporacion+Cultural+Municipal+de+Valdivia&rft.atitle=Museo+Submarino+O%27Brien&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fccm-valdivia.cl%2Fccm%2Findex.php%2Finstitucion%2Fmuseo-submarino-o-brien&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOberon-class+submarine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJuan_Vargas_O.2008" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Juan Vargas O. (25 October 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.australvaldivia.cl/prontus4_nots/site/artic/20081025/pags/20081025000633.html">"O'Brien está listo para carena en Asmar"</a> [O'Brien is ready for careening in Asmar]. <i><a href="/wiki/Diario_Austral" title="Diario Austral">Diario Austral</a></i> (in Spanish).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Diario+Austral&rft.atitle=O%27Brien+est%C3%A1+listo+para+carena+en+Asmar&rft.date=2008-10-25&rft.au=Juan+Vargas+O.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.australvaldivia.cl%2Fprontus4_nots%2Fsite%2Fartic%2F20081025%2Fpags%2F20081025000633.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOberon-class+submarine" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged October 2023">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oberon-class_submarine&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrownMoore2003" class="citation book cs1">Brown, D.K. & Moore, George (2003). <i>Rebuilding the Royal Navy: Warship Design Since 1945</i>. Chatham Publishing.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rebuilding+the+Royal+Navy%3A+Warship+Design+Since+1945&rft.pub=Chatham+Publishing&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=D.K.&rft.au=Moore%2C+George&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOberon-class+submarine" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChant1987" class="citation book cs1">Chant, Christopher (1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=k9cNAAAAQAAJ"><i>A Compendium of Armaments and Military Hardware</i></a>. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7102-0720-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-7102-0720-4"><bdi>0-7102-0720-4</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 July</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Compendium+of+Armaments+and+Military+Hardware&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=0-7102-0720-4&rft.aulast=Chant&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dk9cNAAAAQAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOberon-class+submarine" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFerguson1995" class="citation book cs1">Ferguson, Julie H. (1995). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/throughcanadianp0000ferg"><i>Through a Canadian Periscope: The Story of the Canadian Submarine Service</i></a></span>. Toronto: Dundurn Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55002-217-2" title="Special:BookSources/1-55002-217-2"><bdi>1-55002-217-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Through+a+Canadian+Periscope%3A+The+Story+of+the+Canadian+Submarine+Service&rft.place=Toronto&rft.pub=Dundurn+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=1-55002-217-2&rft.aulast=Ferguson&rft.aufirst=Julie+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fthroughcanadianp0000ferg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOberon-class+submarine" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGimblett2009" class="citation book cs1">Gimblett, Richard H., ed. (2009). <i>The Naval Service of Canada 1910–2010: The Centennial Story</i>. Toronto: Dundurn Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55488-470-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55488-470-4"><bdi>978-1-55488-470-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Naval+Service+of+Canada+1910%E2%80%932010%3A+The+Centennial+Story&rft.place=Toronto&rft.pub=Dundurn+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-55488-470-4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOberon-class+submarine" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHadleyHuebertCrickard1992" class="citation book cs1">Hadley, Michael L.; Huebert, Rob & Crickard, Fred W., eds. (1992). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/nationsnavyinque0000unse"><i>A Nation's Navy: In Quest of Canadian Naval Identity</i></a></span>. Montreal, Quebec and Kingston, Ontario: McGill-Queen's University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7735-1506-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-7735-1506-2"><bdi>0-7735-1506-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Nation%27s+Navy%3A+In+Quest+of+Canadian+Naval+Identity&rft.place=Montreal%2C+Quebec+and+Kingston%2C+Ontario&rft.pub=McGill-Queen%27s+University+Press&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=0-7735-1506-2&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fnationsnavyinque0000unse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOberon-class+submarine" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHennessyJinks2015" class="citation book cs1">Hennessy, Peter; Jinks, James (2015). <i>The Silent Deep</i>. Allen Lane. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-846-14580-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-846-14580-3"><bdi>978-1-846-14580-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Silent+Deep&rft.pub=Allen+Lane&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1-846-14580-3&rft.aulast=Hennessy&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft.au=Jinks%2C+James&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOberon-class+submarine" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJackson" class="citation book cs1">Jackson, Robert (ed.). <i>The Encyclopedia of Warships, From World War Two to the Present Day</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Warships%2C+From+World+War+Two+to+the+Present+Day&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOberon-class+submarine" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacphersonBarrie2002" class="citation book cs1">Macpherson, Ken; Barrie, Ron (2002). <i>The Ships of Canada's Naval Forces 1910–2002</i> (Third ed.). St. Catharines, Ontario: Vanwell Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55125-072-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-55125-072-1"><bdi>1-55125-072-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Ships+of+Canada%27s+Naval+Forces+1910%E2%80%932002&rft.place=St.+Catharines%2C+Ontario&rft.edition=Third&rft.pub=Vanwell+Publishing&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=1-55125-072-1&rft.aulast=Macpherson&rft.aufirst=Ken&rft.au=Barrie%2C+Ron&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOberon-class+submarine" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPatrick2014" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Rex_Patrick" title="Rex Patrick">Patrick, Rex</a> (September 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304030220/http://apdr.realviewtechnologies.com/default.aspx?iid=101338&startpage=page0000020#folio=36">"Submarines and Special Forces"</a>. <i>Asia Pacific Defence Reporter</i>. <b>40</b> (7). Venura Media Asia-Pacific: 36–40. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1446-6880">1446-6880</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://apdr.realviewtechnologies.com/default.aspx?iid=101338&startpage=page0000020#folio=36">the original</a> on 4 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Asia+Pacific+Defence+Reporter&rft.atitle=Submarines+and+Special+Forces&rft.volume=40&rft.issue=7&rft.pages=36-40&rft.date=2014-09&rft.issn=1446-6880&rft.aulast=Patrick&rft.aufirst=Rex&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fapdr.realviewtechnologies.com%2Fdefault.aspx%3Fiid%3D101338%26startpage%3Dpage0000020%23folio%3D36&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOberon-class+submarine" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSharpe1996" class="citation book cs1">Sharpe, Richard, ed. (1996). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/janesfightingshi0099unse"><i>Jane's Fighting Ships, 1996–97</i></a></span> (99th ed.). Surrey: Jane's Information Group. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7106-1355-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-7106-1355-5"><bdi>0-7106-1355-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/34998928">34998928</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jane%27s+Fighting+Ships%2C+1996%E2%80%9397&rft.place=Surrey&rft.edition=99th&rft.pub=Jane%27s+Information+Group&rft.date=1996&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F34998928&rft.isbn=0-7106-1355-5&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fjanesfightingshi0099unse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOberon-class+submarine" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStevensSearsGoldrickCooper2001" class="citation book cs1">Stevens, David; Sears, Jason; Goldrick, James; Cooper, Alastair; Jones, Peter & Spurling, Kathryn (2001). Stevens, David (ed.). <i>The Royal Australian Navy</i>. The Australian Centenary History of Defence. Vol. III. South Melbourne, Victoria: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-554116-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-554116-2"><bdi>0-19-554116-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/50418095">50418095</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Royal+Australian+Navy&rft.place=South+Melbourne%2C+Victoria&rft.series=The+Australian+Centenary+History+of+Defence&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F50418095&rft.isbn=0-19-554116-2&rft.aulast=Stevens&rft.aufirst=David&rft.au=Sears%2C+Jason&rft.au=Goldrick%2C+James&rft.au=Cooper%2C+Alastair&rft.au=Jones%2C+Peter&rft.au=Spurling%2C+Kathryn&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOberon-class+submarine" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oberon-class_submarine&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Oberon_class_submarines" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Oberon class submarines">Oberon class submarines</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120215085053/http://www.photoboxgallery.com/MaritimeAviationNews">Images of HMS <i>Onyx</i> June 2006 being moved to Barrow</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.flickr.com/photos/rigues/sets/72157600312501464/">Tour through the S 22 Riachuelo on Rio de Janeiro</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.beaconlit.com/cdnsubs.html">Through a Canadian Periscope</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081224170156/http://www.beaconlit.com/cdnsubs.html">Archived</a> 24 December 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> – The story of the Canadian Submarine Service – by Julie H. Ferguson</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://maps.google.com.au/maps/ms?hl=en&ie=UTF8&msa=0&msid=113044804882548322551.0004508ad06a472579e4f&t=p&z=2">Location of the Surviving 'O'boats</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://maritime.org/doc/oberon/index.htm">C.F. "O" Class Training Handbook for Oberon submarines</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://maps.google.co.uk/maps?q&layer=c&z=17&sll=51.395447,0.526920&cid=17046179510385526206&panoid=D03HgqkhWFIAAAQJOMnFiA&cbp=13,256.06090562598519,,0,0&ved=0CA4Q2wU&sa=X&ei=rHJzUqj3KsnNiAaniYDYDA&gl=GB&hl=en">Google Virtual Tour HMS Ocelot at The Historic Dockyard Chatham</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Oberon-class_submarines" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar 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class submarine"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Oberon_class_submarine" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Oberon class submarine"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Oberon-class_submarines" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><i>Oberon</i>-class submarines</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Royal Navy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Oberon_(S09)" title="HMS Oberon (S09)"><i>Oberon</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Odin_(S10)" title="HMS Odin (S10)"><i>Odin</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Orpheus_(S11)" title="HMS Orpheus (S11)"><i>Orpheus</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Olympus_(S12)" title="HMS Olympus (S12)"><i>Olympus</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Osiris_(S13)" title="HMS Osiris (S13)"><i>Osiris</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Onslaught_(S14)" title="HMS Onslaught (S14)"><i>Onslaught</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Otter_(S15)" title="HMS Otter (S15)"><i>Otter</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Oracle_(S16)" title="HMS Oracle (S16)"><i>Oracle</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Ocelot_(S17)" title="HMS Ocelot (S17)"><i>Ocelot</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Otus_(S18)" title="HMS Otus (S18)"><i>Otus</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Opossum_(S19)" title="HMS Opossum (S19)"><i>Opossum</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Opportune_(S20)" title="HMS Opportune (S20)"><i>Opportune</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Onyx_(S21)" title="HMS Onyx (S21)"><i>Onyx</i> (S21)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMCS_Ojibwa" title="HMCS Ojibwa"><i>Onyx</i> (S72)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Royal Australian Navy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HMAS_Oxley_(S_57)" title="HMAS Oxley (S 57)"><i>Oxley</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMAS_Otway_(S_59)" title="HMAS Otway (S 59)"><i>Otway</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMAS_Onslow" title="HMAS Onslow"><i>Onslow</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMAS_Orion" title="HMAS Orion"><i>Orion</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMAS_Ovens" title="HMAS Ovens"><i>Ovens</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMAS_Otama" title="HMAS Otama"><i>Otama</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Brazilian Navy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_submarine_Humait%C3%A1_(S20)" title="Brazilian submarine Humaitá (S20)"><i>Humaitá</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_submarine_Tonelero_(S21)" title="Brazilian submarine Tonelero (S21)"><i>Tonelero</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_submarine_Riachuelo_(S22)" title="Brazilian submarine Riachuelo (S22)"><i>Riachuelo</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Royal Canadian Navy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HMCS_Ojibwa" title="HMCS Ojibwa"><i>Ojibwa</i></a> (ex-<i>Onyx</i> (S72))</li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMCS_Onondaga" title="HMCS Onondaga"><i>Onondaga</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMCS_Okanagan" title="HMCS Okanagan"><i>Okanagan</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Olympus_(S12)" title="HMS Olympus (S12)"><i>Olympus</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Osiris_(S13)" title="HMS Osiris (S13)"><i>Osiris</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Chilean Navy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_submarine_O%27Brien_(S22)" title="Chilean submarine O'Brien (S22)"><i>O'Brien</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_submarine_Hyatt" title="Chilean submarine Hyatt"><i>Condell</i></a> / <a href="/wiki/Chilean_submarine_Hyatt" title="Chilean submarine Hyatt"><i>Hyatt</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Preceded by: <a href="/wiki/British_Porpoise-class_submarine" title="British Porpoise-class submarine"><i>Porpoise</i> class</a></li> <li>Followed by: <a href="/wiki/Upholder-class_submarine" class="mw-redirect" title="Upholder-class submarine"><i>Upholder</i> class</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Oberon-class_submarines" title="List of Oberon-class submarines">List of <i>Oberon</i>-class submarines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="UK_submarine_classes_after_1945" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:UK_submarine_classes_after_1945" title="Template:UK submarine classes after 1945"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:UK_submarine_classes_after_1945" title="Template talk:UK submarine classes after 1945"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:UK_submarine_classes_after_1945" title="Special:EditPage/Template:UK submarine classes after 1945"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="UK_submarine_classes_after_1945" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">UK submarine classes after 1945</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;">Nuclear-powered <a href="/wiki/Ballistic_missile_submarine" title="Ballistic missile submarine">ballistic missile submarines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Resolution-class_submarine" title="Resolution-class submarine"><i>Resolution</i> class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanguard-class_submarine" title="Vanguard-class submarine"><i>Vanguard</i> class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dreadnought-class_submarine" title="Dreadnought-class submarine"><i>Dreadnought</i> class</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;">Nuclear-powered <a href="/wiki/Attack_submarine" title="Attack submarine">attack submarines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Dreadnought_(S101)" title="HMS Dreadnought (S101)"><i>Dreadnought</i></a><span style="padding-left:0.12em;"><sup>S</sup></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valiant-class_submarine" title="Valiant-class submarine"><i>Valiant</i> class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Churchill-class_submarine" title="Churchill-class submarine"><i>Churchill</i> class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiftsure-class_submarine" title="Swiftsure-class submarine"><i>Swiftsure</i> class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trafalgar-class_submarine" title="Trafalgar-class submarine"><i>Trafalgar</i> class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astute-class_submarine" title="Astute-class submarine"><i>Astute</i> class</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;">Conventional-powered attack submarines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphion-class_submarine" title="Amphion-class submarine"><i>Amphion</i> class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Porpoise-class_submarine" title="British Porpoise-class submarine"><i>Porpoise</i> class</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><i>Oberon</i> class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upholder/Victoria-class_submarine" title="Upholder/Victoria-class submarine"><i>Upholder</i> class</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;">Experimental submarines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Meteorite" title="HMS Meteorite"><i>Meteorite</i></a><span style="padding-left:0.12em;"><sup>S</sup></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer-class_submarine" title="Explorer-class submarine"><i>Explorer</i> class</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Midget_submarine" title="Midget submarine">Midget submarines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stickleback-class_submarine" title="Stickleback-class submarine"><i>Stickleback</i> class</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:left;">Rescue submarines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/LR5" title="LR5">LR5</a></i><span style="padding-left:0.12em;"><sup>S</sup></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>S</dt> <dd>Single boat of class</dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_submarines_of_the_Royal_Navy" title="List of submarines of the Royal Navy">List of submarines of the Royal Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_submarine_classes_of_the_Royal_Navy" title="List of submarine classes of the Royal Navy">List of submarine classes of the Royal Navy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Submarines_of_the_Chilean_Navy" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Chilean_submarines" title="Template:Chilean submarines"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Chilean_submarines" title="Template talk:Chilean submarines"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Chilean_submarines" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Chilean submarines"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Submarines_of_the_Chilean_Navy" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Submarines of the <a href="/wiki/Chilean_Navy" title="Chilean Navy">Chilean Navy</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Submarine" title="Submarine">Submarines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_active_ships_of_the_Chilean_Navy#Submarines" title="List of active ships of the Chilean Navy">Commissioned <br />ships</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Scorp%C3%A8ne-class_submarine" title="Scorpène-class submarine">Scorpène class</a> (2005–Present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_submarine_Carrera_(SS-22)" title="Chilean submarine Carrera (SS-22)"><i>Carrera</i> (SS-22)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_submarine_O%27Higgins_(SS-23)" title="Chilean submarine O'Higgins (SS-23)"><i>O'Higgins</i> (SS-23)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Type_209_submarine" title="Type 209 submarine">Type 209</a> (1984–Present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_submarine_Thomson_(SS-20)" title="Chilean submarine Thomson (SS-20)"><i>Thomson</i> (SS-20)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_submarine_Simpson_(1982)" title="Chilean submarine Simpson (1982)"><i>Simpson</i> (SS-21)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_decommissioned_ships_of_the_Chilean_Navy" title="List of decommissioned ships of the Chilean Navy">Decommissioned <br />ships</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th id="Oberon_class_(1976–2001)" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><i>Oberon</i> class</a> (1976–2001)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_submarine_O%27Brien_(S22)" title="Chilean submarine O'Brien (S22)"><i>O'Brien</i> (SS-22)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_submarine_Hyatt" title="Chilean submarine Hyatt"><i>Hyatt</i> (SS-23)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Balao-class_submarine" title="Balao-class submarine"><i>Balao</i> class</a> (1961–1982)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/USS_Spot" title="USS Spot"><i>Simpson</i> (SS-21)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Springer" title="USS Springer"><i>Thomson</i> (SS-22)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Capitan_O%27Brien-class_submarine_(1928)" title="Capitan O'Brien-class submarine (1928)"><i>Capitan O'Brien</i> class</a> (1929–1958)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chilean_submarine_Capit%C3%A1n_O%27Brien_(1928)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chilean submarine Capitán O'Brien (1928) (page does not exist)"><i>Capitán O'Brien</i></a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chilean_submarine_Almirante_Simpson_(1929)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chilean submarine Almirante Simpson (1929) (page does not exist)"><i>Almirante Simpson</i></a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chilean_submarine_Capit%C3%A1n_Thomson_(1929)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chilean submarine Capitán Thomson (1929) (page does not exist)"><i>Capitán Thomson</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/British_H-class_submarine" title="British H-class submarine">H class</a> (1917–1953)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_submarine_Fresia" title="Chilean submarine Fresia"><i>Fresia</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_submarine_Guacolda" title="Chilean submarine Guacolda"><i>Guacolda</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_submarine_Guale" title="Chilean submarine Guale"><i>Guale</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_submarine_Quidora" title="Chilean submarine Quidora"><i>Quidora</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_submarine_Rucumilla" title="Chilean submarine Rucumilla"><i>Rucumilla</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_submarine_Tegualda" title="Chilean submarine Tegualda"><i>Tegualda</i></a></li></ul> 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