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font-size:95%; margin-top:0;" summary="Infobox Sprache"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="background:#A9BEC7; color:#202122; font-size: 1.3em;">Urdu (<bdo dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r238817674">.mw-parser-output .Arab a,.mw-parser-output a bdi.Arab{text-decoration:none!important}.mw-parser-output .Arab{font-size:120%}</style><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal">اردو</bdi></bdo>) </th></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#F2F2F4; width:33%;"> <p>Gesprochen in </p> </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indien" title="Indien">Indien</a>, <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bangladesch" title="Bangladesch">Bangladesch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vereinigte_Arabische_Emirate" title="Vereinigte Arabische Emirate">Vereinigte Arabische Emirate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vereinigtes_K%C3%B6nigreich" title="Vereinigtes Königreich">Vereinigtes Königreich</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iran#Migration" title="Iran">Iran</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="hintergrundfarbe5">Sprecher </td> <td colspan="2">95 Millionen <a href="/wiki/Muttersprache" title="Muttersprache">Muttersprachler</a> <br />ca. 250 Millionen gesamt </td></tr> <tr> <td class="hintergrundfarbe5">Linguistische<br /><a href="/wiki/Sprachfamilie" title="Sprachfamilie">Klassifikation</a> </td> <td colspan="2"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indogermanische_Sprachen" title="Indogermanische Sprachen">Indogermanische Sprachen</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Indoiranische_Sprachen" title="Indoiranische Sprachen">Indoiranische Sprachen</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Indoarische_Sprachen" title="Indoarische Sprachen">Indoarische Sprachen</a> <dl><dd><div style="font-weight:bold;">Urdu</div></dd></dl></dd></dl></dd></dl></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="background:#A9BEC7; color:#202122;">Offizieller Status </th></tr> <tr> <td class="hintergrundfarbe5">Amtssprache in </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indien" title="Indien">Indien</a> (<a href="/wiki/Delhi" title="Delhi">Delhi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jammu_und_Kashmir_(Unionsterritorium)" title="Jammu und Kashmir (Unionsterritorium)">Jammu und Kashmir</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bihar" title="Bihar">Bihar</a> und <a href="/wiki/Telangana" title="Telangana">Telangana</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="background:#A9BEC7; color:#202122;">Sprachcodes </th></tr> <tr> <td class="hintergrundfarbe5"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639" title="ISO 639">ISO 639</a>-1 </td> <td colspan="2"> <p>ur </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="hintergrundfarbe5"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639" title="ISO 639">ISO 639</a>-2 </td> <td colspan="2"> <p>urd </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="hintergrundfarbe5"><a href="/wiki/ISO_639" title="ISO 639">ISO 639</a>-3 </td> <td colspan="2"> <p>urd </p> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datei:Urdu_official-language_areas.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Urdu_official-language_areas.png/320px-Urdu_official-language_areas.png" decoding="async" width="320" height="325" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Urdu_official-language_areas.png/480px-Urdu_official-language_areas.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/20/Urdu_official-language_areas.png 2x" data-file-width="487" data-file-height="495" /></a><figcaption><span style="border:thin solid"><span style="border-left:1.2em solid;border-left-color: #ffc90e" title="#FFC90E"></span></span><span style="margin-left:0.25em;">Gebiete, in denen Urdu (häufig neben anderen Sprachen) einen offiziellen Status als Amtssprache hat: Pakistan sowie die indischen Bundesstaaten <a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bihar" title="Bihar">Bihar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Telangana" title="Telangana">Telangana</a> und die indischen Unionsterritorien <a href="/wiki/Delhi" title="Delhi">Delhi</a> und <a href="/wiki/Jammu_und_Kashmir_(Unionsterritorium)" title="Jammu und Kashmir (Unionsterritorium)">Jammu und Kashmir</a>.</span><br /> <span style="border:thin solid"><span style="border-left:1.2em solid;border-left-color: #fff200" title="#FFF200"></span></span><span style="margin-left:0.25em;">Übrige indische Bundesstaaten, in denen vereinzelt Urdu gesprochen wird, es aber keinen Status als Amtssprache genießt.</span> </figcaption></figure> <p><b>Urdu</b> (<span class="navigation-not-searchable" style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/d\/d2\/De-Urdu_fcm.ogg\/De-Urdu_fcm.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"<span style=\"white-space:initial;\">anh\u00f6ren<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"de","wikibase":"","file":"De-Urdu fcm.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d2/De-Urdu_fcm.ogg/De-Urdu_fcm.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Audio abspielen" title="Audio abspielen" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"><span style="white-space:initial;">anhören</span></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/Datei:De-Urdu_fcm.ogg" title="Datei:De-Urdu fcm.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span><sup class="noprint">/<a href="/wiki/Hilfe:Audio" title="Hilfe:Audio"><span title="Hilfe – Audio">?</span></a></sup></span>) (<a href="/wiki/Persisches_Alphabet" title="Persisches Alphabet">persisch</a>: <bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal">اردو</bdi></bdo> <a href="/wiki/DIN_31635" title="DIN 31635">DMG</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r183723573">.mw-parser-output .Latn{font-family:"Akzidenz Grotesk","Arial","Avant Garde Gothic","Calibri","Futura","Geneva","Gill Sans","Helvetica","Lucida Grande","Lucida Sans Unicode","Lucida Grande","Stone Sans","Tahoma","Trebuchet","Univers","Verdana"}</style><span class="Latn" lang="ur-Latn" style="font-weight:normal;font-style:italic">urdū</span>; kurz für <bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal">زبان اردو معلہ</bdi></bdo> <a href="/wiki/DIN_31635" title="DIN 31635">DMG</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r183723573" /><span class="Latn" lang="ur-Latn" style="font-weight:normal;font-style:italic">zabān-i urdū-yi muʿalla</span>, deutsch <span lang="de" style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal">‚Sprache des königlichen Lagers‘</span>)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ist eine <a href="/wiki/Indoarische_Sprachen" title="Indoarische Sprachen">indoarische Sprache</a> und gehört zum <a href="/wiki/Indoiranische_Sprachen" title="Indoiranische Sprachen">indoiranischen Zweig</a> der <a href="/wiki/Indogermanische_Sprachen" title="Indogermanische Sprachen">indogermanischen Sprachfamilie</a>. Die Bezeichnung „Urdu“ tauchte erstmals im Jahr 1780 in den Gedichten von Ghulam Hamdani Mushafi auf. Ältere und heute weniger gebräuchliche indigene Namen waren <bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal">لشکری</bdi></bdo> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r183723573" /><span class="Latn" lang="ur-Latn" style="font-weight:normal;font-style:italic">Laschkarī</span>, abgekürzt von <bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal">لشکری زبان</bdi></bdo> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r183723573" /><span class="Latn" lang="ur-Latn" style="font-weight:normal;font-style:italic">laschkarī zubān</span>, deutsch <span lang="de" style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal">‚Armeesprache‘</span>, <bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal">کھڑی بولی</bdi></bdo> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r183723573" /><span class="Latn" lang="ur-Latn" style="font-weight:normal;font-style:italic">kharī bolī</span>, deutsch <span lang="de" style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal">‚stehende / etablierte Sprache‘</span> oder einfach <bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal">ہندوی</bdi></bdo> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r183723573" /><span class="Latn" lang="ur-Latn" style="font-weight:normal;font-style:italic">Hindavī</span>, deutsch <span lang="de" style="font-style:normal;font-weight:normal">‚indisch‘</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="de" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Inhaltsverzeichnis</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Verbreitung"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Verbreitung</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Entstehung"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Entstehung</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Politische_Folgen_der_Einführung_als_Amtssprache_in_Pakistan"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Politische Folgen der Einführung als Amtssprache in Pakistan</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#Verhältnis_zwischen_Urdu_und_Hindi,_Schrift"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Verhältnis zwischen Urdu und Hindi, Schrift</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#Vokabular"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Vokabular</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#Alphabet"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Alphabet</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#Sprachbeispiel"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Sprachbeispiel</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#Weblinks"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">Weblinks</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="#Einzelnachweise"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">Einzelnachweise</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="#Weiterführende_Literatur"><span class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">Weiterführende Literatur</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verbreitung">Verbreitung</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Urdu&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Verbreitung" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Urdu&action=edit&section=1" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Verbreitung"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Urdu ist <a href="/wiki/Nationalsprache" title="Nationalsprache">Nationalsprache</a> sowie <a href="/wiki/Amtssprache" title="Amtssprache">Amtssprache</a> in <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> und einigen indischen Bundesstaaten mit hohem <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">muslimischen</a> Bevölkerungsanteil. In Pakistan sprechen es nur etwa 7 % als <a href="/wiki/Muttersprache" title="Muttersprache">Muttersprache</a>, also ca. 14 Mio. Einwohner. Diese sind Nachkommen von aus Indien zugewanderten Muslimen, sogenannte <a href="/wiki/Muhajir_(Volk)" title="Muhajir (Volk)">Muhadschirs</a>. Jedoch dient Urdu neben <a href="/wiki/Englische_Sprache" title="Englische Sprache">Englisch</a> in zunehmendem Maße als <a href="/wiki/Verkehrssprache" title="Verkehrssprache">Verkehrssprache</a> zwischen den einzelnen <a href="/wiki/Regionalsprache" title="Regionalsprache">Regionalsprachen</a>, ist in den Medien stark vertreten und an allen Schulen Pflichtfach. Dadurch spricht die Mehrheit der Pakistaner Urdu als Zweit- oder Drittsprache. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Indien" title="Indien">Indien</a> ist es eine der 22 offiziell anerkannten <a href="/wiki/Sprachen_Indiens" title="Sprachen Indiens">Verfassungssprachen</a> und wird vor allem in den Regionen <a href="/wiki/Delhi_(Unionsterritorium)" class="mw-redirect" title="Delhi (Unionsterritorium)">Delhi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Telangana" title="Telangana">Telangana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uttarakhand" title="Uttarakhand">Uttarakhand</a> gesprochen. In <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a> spricht der Großteil der Bevölkerung aufgrund der großen Beliebtheit von indischen und pakistanischen Filmen Urdu, außerdem sind mehrere Millionen Kriegsflüchtlinge, die jahrelang in Pakistan gelebt und dort Urdu gelernt hatten, in ihre afghanische Heimat zurückgekehrt. Urdu wird auch in Afghanistan in Gedichten verwendet und in afghanischen Schulen als Fremdsprache unterrichtet. In Ostpakistan, jetzt <a href="/wiki/Bangladesch" title="Bangladesch">Bangladesch</a>, war Urdu die Amtssprache neben Bengali. Da die Bevölkerung sich mit Urdu als Sprache nicht identifizieren wollte, siegte der „Anti-Urdu-Protest“ in Dhaka, der 1971 zur Unabhängigkeit des Landes führte. Urdu wird als Schulfach in Bangladesch angeboten. Außerdem spricht eine Minderheit ehemaliger Flüchtlinge aus Bihar, die im Zug der <a href="/wiki/Teilung_Indiens" title="Teilung Indiens">Teilung Indiens</a> ins damalige Ostpakistan gezogen sind, Urdu als Muttersprache in Bangladesch. </p><p>In Großbritannien spricht ein großer Teil der 1,2 Millionen <a href="/wiki/Britisch-Pakistaner" title="Britisch-Pakistaner">Britisch-Pakistaner</a> Urdu und darüber hinaus die meisten der etwa 900 000 indischstämmigen Muslime. Durch die Migration aus Pakistan und Indien ist Urdu außerdem eine der meistgesprochenen Sprachen in den Vereinigten Arabischen Emiraten. </p><p>Weltweit gibt es etwa 95 Millionen muttersprachliche Urdu-Sprecher, mit <a href="/wiki/Zweitsprache" title="Zweitsprache">Zweitsprachlern</a> erhöht sich die Zahl auf bis zu 250 Millionen. Die Schätzung der Zweitsprachler ist schwierig, da Urdu und Hindi auf einem einfachen alltagssprachlichen Niveau fast identisch sind und die 370 Millionen Hindi-Muttersprachler auf diesem einfachen Niveau Urdu verstehen, ohne es lernen zu müssen. In Pakistan ist die Zahl der Zweitsprecher schwer einzuschätzen, da die Alphabetisierungsrate erst 56,4 % beträgt und keine Zahlen vorliegen, welche von diesen Urdu ausreichend beherrschen. </p><p>Der Begriff „Urdu“ ist <a href="/wiki/Turksprachen" title="Turksprachen">turksprachiger</a> Herkunft und verwandt mit <a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrkische_Sprache" title="Türkische Sprache">türkisch</a> „Ordu“ („Armee“).<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Entstehung">Entstehung</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Urdu&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Entstehung" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Urdu&action=edit&section=2" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Entstehung"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datei:Mahmud_of_Ghazni_in_caliph%27s_robe_of_honour_-_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Mahmud_of_Ghazni_in_caliph%27s_robe_of_honour_-_cropped.jpg/220px-Mahmud_of_Ghazni_in_caliph%27s_robe_of_honour_-_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Mahmud_of_Ghazni_in_caliph%27s_robe_of_honour_-_cropped.jpg/330px-Mahmud_of_Ghazni_in_caliph%27s_robe_of_honour_-_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/Mahmud_of_Ghazni_in_caliph%27s_robe_of_honour_-_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="352" data-file-height="533" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mahmud_von_Ghazni" title="Mahmud von Ghazni">Mahmud von Ghazni</a> eroberte <a href="/wiki/Lahore" title="Lahore">Lahore</a> in den 1020er Jahren. Dies führte zur Entstehung einer Sprache aus den Dialekten Nordwestindiens mit Fremdwörtern seiner Armee.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Historikern zufolge tauchten die Sprachnamen "Urdu" Jahrhunderte später in der Region Punjab auf<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, und im Laufe der Jahrhunderte entwickelte sich Urdu zur <a href="/wiki/Bildungssprache" title="Bildungssprache">Bildungssprache</a> zur Zeit des <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sultanats_von_Delhi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sultanats von Delhi (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Sultanat von Delhi</a> und des <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mogulreichs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mogulreichs (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Mogulreichs</a> auf dem <a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCdasien" title="Südasien">südasiatischen</a> Subkontinent (heute: Pakistan, Indien, Nepal, Bangladesch, Malediven, Sri Lanka und Teile Afghanistans) als <a href="/wiki/Persisches_Alphabet" title="Persisches Alphabet">perso</a>-<a href="/wiki/Arabische_Schrift" title="Arabische Schrift">arabischer</a> Schriftstil der <a href="/wiki/Standardsprache" title="Standardsprache">Standardsprache</a> des <a href="/wiki/Hindustani" title="Hindustani">Hindustani</a>-Dialektkontinuums. Schwerpunkt der Entwicklung war die Herrschaft <a href="/wiki/Akbar_I." class="mw-redirect" title="Akbar I.">Akbars</a> (1556–1605), in dessen riesigen Wanderhöfen und -feldlagern (bis zu 70 km Umfang) sich ein Vielvölkergemisch aus Persern (Persisch war in der Mogulzeit 300 Jahre lang Amtssprache in <a href="/wiki/Hindustan_(Region)" title="Hindustan (Region)">Nordindien</a>), Nordindern (<a href="/wiki/Panjabi" title="Panjabi">Panjabi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hindi" title="Hindi">Hindi</a>), Türken (<a href="/wiki/Tschagataische_Sprache" title="Tschagataische Sprache">Tschagataische Sprache</a>) etc. bewegte. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politische_Folgen_der_Einführung_als_Amtssprache_in_Pakistan"><span id="Politische_Folgen_der_Einf.C3.BChrung_als_Amtssprache_in_Pakistan"></span>Politische Folgen der Einführung als Amtssprache in Pakistan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Urdu&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Politische Folgen der Einführung als Amtssprache in Pakistan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Urdu&action=edit&section=3" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Politische Folgen der Einführung als Amtssprache in Pakistan"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Die Entscheidung der pakistanischen Regierung, Urdu als alleinige Amtssprache zu verwenden, führte zu Widerstand im damaligen Ostpakistan (dem heutigen <a href="/wiki/Bangladesch" title="Bangladesch">Bangladesch</a>), wo fast ausschließlich <a href="/wiki/Bengalische_Sprache" title="Bengalische Sprache">Bengalisch</a> gesprochen wurde bzw. wird, und zum Entstehen der oppositionellen <a href="/wiki/Bengalische_Sprachbewegung" title="Bengalische Sprachbewegung">Bengalischen Sprachbewegung</a>. Am 21. Februar 1952 forderte eine Anti-Urdu-Demonstration in <a href="/wiki/Dhaka" title="Dhaka">Dhaka</a> mehrere Menschenleben, als die Polizei in die Menge feuerte. Der 21. Februar wurde später durch die <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> zum <a href="/wiki/Internationaler_Tag_der_Muttersprache" title="Internationaler Tag der Muttersprache">Internationalen Tag der Muttersprache</a> erklärt.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verhältnis_zwischen_Urdu_und_Hindi,_Schrift"><span id="Verh.C3.A4ltnis_zwischen_Urdu_und_Hindi.2C_Schrift"></span>Verhältnis zwischen Urdu und Hindi, Schrift</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Urdu&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Verhältnis zwischen Urdu und Hindi, Schrift" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Urdu&action=edit&section=4" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Verhältnis zwischen Urdu und Hindi, Schrift"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Datei:Mushafi-ghulam-hamdani.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/Mushafi-ghulam-hamdani.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="200" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a><figcaption>Der Dichter Ghulam Hamdani „Mus’hafi“ verwendete um 1780 wahrscheinlich als erster den Namen „Urdu“.</figcaption></figure> <p>Urdu und <a href="/wiki/Hindi" title="Hindi">Hindi</a> sind <a href="/wiki/Soziolekt" title="Soziolekt">Soziolekte</a> bzw. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Situolekt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Situolekt (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Situolekte</a> (formelle oder informelle Ausdrucksweise) ein und derselben Sprache, des <a href="/wiki/Hindustani" title="Hindustani">Hindustani</a>, das sich in Nordindien seit dem 13. Jahrhundert in einem Jahrhunderte dauernden komplexen Prozess aus Elementen einheimischer <a href="/wiki/Prakrit" title="Prakrit">Prakritsprachen</a> sowie einem persischen, zum Teil auch arabischen und tschagataisch-türkischen <a href="/wiki/Superstrat_(Linguistik)" title="Superstrat (Linguistik)">Superstrat</a> entwickelt hat. </p><p>Seit dem 19. Jahrhundert setzte ein sekundärer Differenzierungsprozess ein, in dessen Verlauf die gesellschaftlichen Eliten situationsbezogen auf <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a> bzw. Persisch-Vokabeln zurückgriffen. Infolge der <a href="/wiki/Teilung_Indiens" title="Teilung Indiens">staatlichen Teilung</a> <a href="/wiki/Britisch-Indien" title="Britisch-Indien">Britisch-Indiens</a> in Indien und Pakistan (1947) setzte sich diese Differenzierung in verstärkter Form fort, sodass Urdu und Hindi aus ethno-politischer Sicht als unabhängige <a href="/wiki/Ausbausprache" class="mw-redirect" title="Ausbausprache">Ausbausprachen</a> anzusehen sind. </p><p>Hindi wird in <a href="/wiki/Devanagari" title="Devanagari">Devanagari</a>-Schrift und von links nach rechts geschrieben, Urdu in <a href="/wiki/Persisches_Alphabet" title="Persisches Alphabet">arabisch-persischer Schrift</a> (bevorzugt im <a href="/wiki/Nasta%CA%BFl%C4%ABq" title="Nastaʿlīq">Nastaʿlīq</a>-Duktus) von rechts nach links. </p><p>Traditionell gilt Urdu als die „gehobenere“ der beiden Sprachen und wird auch als „Sprache der Dichtkunst“ bezeichnet. (Zu den Unterschieden zwischen Hindi und Urdu siehe <a href="/wiki/Hindustani#Unterschiede_zwischen_Hindi_und_Urdu" title="Hindustani">Hindustani</a>.) Bei Unterhaltungen des täglichen Lebens verursachen die Unterschiede auch heute keine bedeutsamen Verständigungsprobleme, nicht zuletzt deshalb, weil auch Hindisprecher im Alltagsgebrauch häufig Wörter persischen oder arabischen Ursprungs den aus dem Sanskrit übernommenen Neologismen vorziehen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vokabular">Vokabular</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Urdu&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Vokabular" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Urdu&action=edit&section=5" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Vokabular"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Urdu enthält einen großen Anteil an <a href="/wiki/Lehnw%C3%B6rter" class="mw-redirect" title="Lehnwörter">Lehnwörtern</a> aus dem <a href="/wiki/Persische_Sprache" title="Persische Sprache">Persischen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arabische_Sprache" title="Arabische Sprache">Arabischen</a> und <a href="/wiki/Portugiesische_Sprache" title="Portugiesische Sprache">Portugiesischen</a>. Aus dem Portugiesischen stammen z. B. die Wörter <i>cabi</i> (von <i>chave</i> „Schlüssel“), <i>girja</i> (von <i>igreja</i> „Kirche“), <i>kamra</i> (von <i>cámara</i> „Kammer“), <i>almari</i> (von <i>armario</i> „Schrank“), <i>sabun</i> (von <i>sabão</i> „Seife“), <i>balti</i> (von <i>balde</i> „Eimer“), <i>qamīz</i> (von <i>camisa</i> „Hemd“), <i>mez</i> (von <i>mesa</i> „Tisch“).<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Im Laufe der Zeit hat Urdu weiterhin Lehnwörter aus dem <a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrkische_Sprache" title="Türkische Sprache">Türkischen</a> und <a href="/wiki/Englische_Sprache" title="Englische Sprache">Englischen</a> aufgenommen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Alphabet">Alphabet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Urdu&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Alphabet" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Urdu&action=edit&section=6" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Alphabet"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Urdu verwendet eine Variante des <a href="/wiki/Persisches_Alphabet" title="Persisches Alphabet">persischen Alphabets</a>, das wiederum eine Variante des <a href="/wiki/Arabisches_Alphabet" title="Arabisches Alphabet">arabischen Alphabets</a> ist. Sie enthält sechs zusätzliche Buchstaben, die im persischen Alphabet nicht vorkommen: drei Buchstaben für <a href="/wiki/Retroflex" title="Retroflex">retroflexe</a> Laute (<big>ٹ ڈ ڑ</big>), das Zeichen für <a href="/wiki/Aspiration_(Phonetik)" title="Aspiration (Phonetik)">Aspiration</a> „<a href="/wiki/D%C5%8D-tschaschm%C4%AB_H%C4%93" title="Dō-tschaschmī Hē">Dō-tschaschmī Hē</a>“ (<big>ھ</big>), das Zeichen für <a href="/wiki/Nasalvokal" title="Nasalvokal">Nasalvokale</a> „<a href="/wiki/Nun-e_ghunna" title="Nun-e ghunna">Nun-e ghunna</a>“ (<big>ں</big>), und das lange E („<a href="/wiki/Bari_Ye" title="Bari Ye">Baṛī ye</a>“, <big>ے</big>). Letzteres muss aus Gründen der Grammatik unbedingt von einem langen i unterschieden werden, was mit den Buchstaben des Persischen Alphabets allein nicht möglich ist. </p><p>Wie auch im persischen Alphabet haben einige Buchstaben gleiche <a href="/wiki/Aussprache" title="Aussprache">Aussprachen</a>. Das kommt daher, dass ihre Aussprache im <a href="/wiki/Arabische_Sprache" title="Arabische Sprache">Arabischen</a> unterschiedlich ist, aber dieser <a href="/wiki/Phonem" title="Phonem">Lautunterschied</a> im <a href="/wiki/Persische_Sprache" title="Persische Sprache">Persischen</a> und dann auch im Urdu nicht reproduzierbar war. So stand der Buchstabe <big>ث</big> für den Laut <a href="/wiki/Stimmloser_dentaler_Frikativ" title="Stimmloser dentaler Frikativ">θ</a> (<a href="/wiki/Th-Laut" title="Th-Laut">englisches Th</a>), wurde aber im Persischen früh zu S, und als S ins Urdu importiert. </p><p>Für die <a href="/wiki/Transliteration" title="Transliteration">Transliteration</a> sind zwei Systeme gängig, je nachdem, ob ein <a href="/wiki/Orientalistik" title="Orientalistik">Orientalist</a> die Umschrift des arabischen Alphabets nach <a href="/wiki/DIN_31635" title="DIN 31635">DIN 31635</a> darauf anwendet oder ein <a href="/wiki/Indologie" title="Indologie">Indologe</a> die Laute indischer Sprachen nach der ihm gewohnten Norm <a href="/wiki/ISO_15919" title="ISO 15919">ISO 15919</a> damit beschreibt. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr class="hintergrundfarbe5"> <th>Alphabet </th> <th>Name </th> <th>Deutsches Äquivalent </th> <th>Aussprache in <a href="/wiki/Internationales_Phonetisches_Alphabet" title="Internationales Phonetisches Alphabet">IPA</a> </th> <th>Orientalistische<br /> Transliteration<br />nach DIN 31635<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>Indologische<br /> Transliteration<br />nach ISO 15919 </th></tr> <tr> <td><bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="ا">ا</a></bdi></bdo> </td> <td>ālif </td> <td>a, am Wortanfang auch i und u </td> <td>[ə, ɑ] </td> <td>ā, am Wortanfang: a, i, u<br />(je nach Aussprache) </td> <td>ā, am Wortanfang: a, i, u<br />(je nach Aussprache) </td></tr> <tr> <td><bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="ب">ب</a></bdi></bdo> </td> <td>be </td> <td>b </td> <td>[b] </td> <td>b </td> <td>b </td></tr> <tr> <td><bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal"><a href="/wiki/%D9%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="پ">پ</a></bdi></bdo> </td> <td>pe </td> <td>p </td> <td>[p] </td> <td>p </td> <td>p </td></tr> <tr> <td><bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="ت">ت</a></bdi></bdo> </td> <td>te </td> <td>t (<a href="/wiki/Plosiv" title="Plosiv">plosiver</a> <a href="/wiki/Dental" title="Dental">Dental</a>) </td> <td>[t̪] </td> <td>t </td> <td>t </td></tr> <tr> <td><bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal"><a href="/wiki/%D9%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="ٹ">ٹ</a></bdi></bdo> </td> <td>ṭe </td> <td>t (<a href="/wiki/Retroflex" title="Retroflex">retroflex</a>) </td> <td>[ʈ] </td> <td>ṭ </td> <td>ṭ </td></tr> <tr> <td><bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="ث">ث</a></bdi></bdo> </td> <td>se </td> <td>scharfes s <br />Nur in arabischen Wörtern. </td> <td>[s] </td> <td>s̱ </td> <td>s̤ </td></tr> <tr> <td><bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="ج">ج</a></bdi></bdo> </td> <td>jīm </td> <td>dsch </td> <td>[dʒ] </td> <td>j </td> <td>j </td></tr> <tr> <td><bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal"><a href="/wiki/%DA%86" class="mw-redirect" title="چ">چ</a></bdi></bdo> </td> <td>ce </td> <td>tsch </td> <td>[tʃ] </td> <td>c </td> <td>c </td></tr> <tr> <td><bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="ح">ح</a></bdi></bdo> </td> <td>baṛī he </td> <td>h <br />Nur in arabischen Wörtern. </td> <td>[h] </td> <td>ḥ </td> <td><u>h</u> </td></tr> <tr> <td><bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="خ">خ</a></bdi></bdo> </td> <td>xe </td> <td>ch in Bach<br />Nur in Lehnwörtern. </td> <td>[x] </td> <td>ẖ </td> <td>x, <u>kh</u> </td></tr> <tr> <td><bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="د">د</a></bdi></bdo> </td> <td>dāl </td> <td>d (<a href="/wiki/Plosiv" title="Plosiv">plosiver</a> <a href="/wiki/Dental" title="Dental">Dental</a>) </td> <td>[d̪] </td> <td>d </td> <td>d </td></tr> <tr> <td><bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal"><a href="/wiki/%DA%88" class="mw-redirect" title="ڈ">ڈ</a></bdi></bdo> </td> <td>ḍāl </td> <td>d (<a href="/wiki/Retroflex" title="Retroflex">retroflex</a>) </td> <td>[ɖ] </td> <td>ḍ </td> <td>ḍ </td></tr> <tr> <td><bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal"><a href="/wiki/%D8%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="ذ">ذ</a></bdi></bdo> </td> <td>zāl </td> <td>weiches s <br />Nur in arabischen Wörtern. </td> <td>[z] </td> <td>ẕ </td> <td>ẓ </td></tr> <tr> <td><bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal"><a href="/wiki/%D8%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="ر">ر</a></bdi></bdo> </td> <td>re </td> <td><a href="/wiki/R#Aussprache" title="R">Zungen-R</a> </td> <td>[r] </td> <td>r </td> <td>r </td></tr> <tr> <td><bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal"><a href="/wiki/%DA%91" class="mw-redirect" title="ڑ">ڑ</a></bdi></bdo> </td> <td>aṛe </td> <td><a href="/wiki/R#Aussprache" title="R">Zungen-R</a> (<a href="/wiki/Retroflex" title="Retroflex">retroflex</a>) </td> <td>[ɽ] </td> <td>ṛ </td> <td>ṛ </td></tr> <tr> <td><bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal"><a href="/wiki/%D8%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="ز">ز</a></bdi></bdo> </td> <td>ze </td> <td>weiches s<br />Nur in Lehnwörtern. </td> <td>[z] </td> <td>z </td> <td>z </td></tr> <tr> <td><bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal"><a href="/wiki/%DA%98" class="mw-redirect" title="ژ">ژ</a></bdi></bdo> </td> <td>zhe </td> <td>weiches sch <br />Nur in persischen und englischen Wörtern. </td> <td>[ʒ] </td> <td>ž </td> <td>ż </td></tr> <tr> <td><bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal"><a href="/wiki/%D8%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="س">س</a></bdi></bdo> </td> <td>sīn </td> <td>scharfes s </td> <td>[s] </td> <td>s </td> <td>s </td></tr> <tr> <td><bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal"><a href="/wiki/%D8%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="ش">ش</a></bdi></bdo> </td> <td>schīn </td> <td>sch </td> <td>[ʃ] </td> <td>š </td> <td>ś </td></tr> <tr> <td><bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal"><a href="/wiki/%D8%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="ص">ص</a></bdi></bdo> </td> <td>sād, suād </td> <td>scharfes s <br />Nur in arabischen Wörtern. </td> <td>[s] </td> <td>ṣ </td> <td><u>s</u> </td></tr> <tr> <td><bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal"><a href="/wiki/%D8%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="ض">ض</a></bdi></bdo> </td> <td>zād, zuād </td> <td>weiches s <br />Nur in arabischen Wörtern. </td> <td>[z] </td> <td>z̤ </td> <td><u>z</u> </td></tr> <tr> <td><bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal"><a href="/wiki/%D8%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="ط">ط</a></bdi></bdo> </td> <td>toe </td> <td>t <br />Nur in arabischen Wörtern. </td> <td>[t] </td> <td>t̤ </td> <td>t̤ </td></tr> <tr> <td><bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal"><a href="/wiki/%D8%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="ظ">ظ</a></bdi></bdo> </td> <td>zoe </td> <td>weiches s <br />Nur in arabischen Wörtern. </td> <td>[z] </td> <td>ẓ </td> <td>z̤ </td></tr> <tr> <td><bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal"><a href="/wiki/%D8%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="ع">ع</a></bdi></bdo> </td> <td>‘ain </td> <td>stumm, verändert kurze Vokale. <br />Nur in arabischen Wörtern. </td> <td>[ɑ], [ʔ], [ə], [-] </td> <td>ʿ </td> <td>ʿ </td></tr> <tr> <td><bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal"><a href="/wiki/%D8%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="غ">غ</a></bdi></bdo> </td> <td>ghain </td> <td><a href="/wiki/R#Aussprache" title="R">Zäpfchen-R</a><br /> Nur in Lehnwörtern. </td> <td>[ɣ] </td> <td>ġ </td> <td>ġ </td></tr> <tr> <td><bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal"><a href="/wiki/%D9%81" class="mw-redirect" title="ف">ف</a></bdi></bdo> </td> <td>fe </td> <td>f<br />Nur in Lehnwörtern. </td> <td>[f] </td> <td>f </td> <td>f </td></tr> <tr> <td><bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal"><a href="/wiki/%D9%82" class="mw-redirect" title="ق">ق</a></bdi></bdo> </td> <td>qāf </td> <td>k, q <br />Nur in arabischen Wörtern. </td> <td>[q] </td> <td>q </td> <td>q </td></tr> <tr> <td><bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal"><a href="/wiki/%DA%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="ک">ک</a></bdi></bdo> </td> <td>kāf </td> <td>k </td> <td>[k] </td> <td>k </td> <td>k </td></tr> <tr> <td><bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal"><a href="/wiki/%DA%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="گ">گ</a></bdi></bdo> </td> <td>gāf </td> <td>g </td> <td>[g] </td> <td>g </td> <td>g </td></tr> <tr> <td><bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal"><a href="/wiki/%D9%84" class="mw-redirect" title="ل">ل</a></bdi></bdo> </td> <td>lām </td> <td>l </td> <td>[l] </td> <td>l </td> <td>l </td></tr> <tr> <td><bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal"><a href="/wiki/%D9%85" class="mw-redirect" title="م">م</a></bdi></bdo> </td> <td>mīm </td> <td>m </td> <td>[m] </td> <td>m </td> <td>m </td></tr> <tr> <td><bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal"><a href="/wiki/%D9%86" class="mw-redirect" title="ن">ن</a></bdi></bdo> </td> <td>nūn </td> <td>n </td> <td>[n] </td> <td>n </td> <td>n </td></tr> <tr> <td><bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal"><a href="/wiki/%DA%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="ں">ں</a></bdi></bdo> </td> <td>nūn ġunna </td> <td>Nasalierung </td> <td>[˜] </td> <td>ṉ </td> <td>˜ (Tilde über dem nasalen Vokal) </td></tr> <tr> <td><bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal"><a href="/wiki/%D9%88" class="mw-redirect" title="و">و</a></bdi></bdo> </td> <td>vā'o </td> <td>w, v, Vokale </td> <td>[v], [u], [ʊ], [o], [ow] </td> <td>v, ū, o </td> <td>v, o, ū, au (je nach Aussprache) </td></tr> <tr> <td><bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%DB%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ہ (Seite nicht vorhanden)">ہ</a> ,ﮩ ,ﮨ</bdi></bdo> </td> <td>choṭī he </td> <td>h </td> <td>[h], [-] Wortende: [ɑ] </td> <td>h </td> <td>h, am Wortende: a </td></tr> <tr> <td><bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal"><a href="/wiki/%DA%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="ھ">ھ</a></bdi></bdo> </td> <td>do cashmī he </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Behauchung" class="mw-redirect" title="Behauchung">Behauchung</a><br /> <p>von Konsonanten </p> </td> <td>[ʰ], [ʱ] </td> <td>h </td> <td>h </td></tr> <tr> <td><bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="ء">ء</a></bdi></bdo> </td> <td>hamzah </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Stimmabsatz" class="mw-redirect" title="Stimmabsatz">Stimmabsatz</a>;<br />trennt zwei Vokale<br />voneinander,<br />sonst stumm </td> <td>[ʔ], [-] </td> <td>ʾ </td> <td>ʾ </td></tr> <tr> <td><bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal"><a href="/wiki/%DB%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="ی">ی</a></bdi></bdo> </td> <td>choṭī ye </td> <td>j, Vokale e, i </td> <td>[j], [i], [e], [ɛ] </td> <td>y, ī </td> <td>y, ī (je nach Aussprache) </td></tr> <tr> <td><bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal"><a href="/wiki/%DB%92" class="mw-redirect" title="ے">ے</a></bdi></bdo> </td> <td>baṛī ye </td> <td>Vokal e, ä </td> <td>[eː], [æ] </td> <td>e </td> <td>e, ai (je nach Aussprache) </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sprachbeispiel">Sprachbeispiel</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Urdu&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Sprachbeispiel" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Urdu&action=edit&section=7" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Sprachbeispiel"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Allgemeine_Erkl%C3%A4rung_der_Menschenrechte" title="Allgemeine Erklärung der Menschenrechte">Allgemeine Erklärung der Menschenrechte</a>, Artikel 1: </p> <dl><dd><bdo dir="ltr"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r238817674" /><bdi dir="rtl" lang="ur-Arab" class="Arab arabic spanAr" style="unicode-bidi:isolate;font-style:normal">تمام انسان آزاد اور حقوق و عزت کے اعتبار سے برابر پیدا ہوئے ہیں۔ انہیں ضمیر اور عقل ودیعت ہوئی ہے۔ اس لئے انہیں ایک دوسرے کے ساتھ بھائی چارے کا سلوک کرنا چاہئے۔</bdi></bdo></dd> <dd><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="19" data-mwtitle="Universal_Declaration_of_Human_Rights_-_urd_-_ahk_-_Art1.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/53/Universal_Declaration_of_Human_Rights_-_urd_-_ahk_-_Art1.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/53/Universal_Declaration_of_Human_Rights_-_urd_-_ahk_-_Art1.ogg/Universal_Declaration_of_Human_Rights_-_urd_-_ahk_-_Art1.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></dd> <dd><i>Tamām insān āzād aur ḥuqūq-o ʿizzat ke ėʿtibār se barābar paidā hū'e haiṅ. Inheṅ żamīr aur ʿaql vadīʿat hū'ī hai. Is li'e inheṅ ek dūsre ke sāth bhā'ī čāre kā sulūk karnā čāhi'e.</i></dd> <dd>Alle Menschen sind frei und gleich an Würde und Rechten geboren. Sie sind mit Vernunft und Gewissen begabt und sollen einander im Geist der Brüderlichkeit begegnen.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Weblinks">Weblinks</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Urdu&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Weblinks" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Urdu&action=edit&section=8" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Weblinks"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="sisterproject" style="margin:0.1em 0 0 0;"><div class="noresize noviewer" style="display:inline-block; line-height:10px; min-width:1.6em; text-align:center;" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div><b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Urdu_language?uselang=de"><span lang="en">Commons</span>: Urdu language</a></span></b> – Sammlung von Bildern, Videos und Audiodateien</div> <div class="sisterproject" style="margin:0.1em 0 0 0;"><span class="noviewer" style="display:inline-block; line-height:10px; min-width:1.6em; text-align:center;" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Wiktionary"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Wiktfavicon_en.svg/16px-Wiktfavicon_en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Wiktfavicon_en.svg/24px-Wiktfavicon_en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Wiktfavicon_en.svg/32px-Wiktfavicon_en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></span></span></span><b><a href="https://de.wiktionary.org/wiki/Urdu" class="extiw" title="wikt:Urdu">Wiktionary: Urdu</a></b> – Bedeutungserklärungen, Wortherkunft, Synonyme, Übersetzungen</div> <div class="sisterproject" style="margin:0.1em 0 0 0;"><span class="noviewer" style="display:inline-block; line-height:10px; min-width:1.6em; text-align:center;" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Wiktionary"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Wiktfavicon_en.svg/16px-Wiktfavicon_en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Wiktfavicon_en.svg/24px-Wiktfavicon_en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Wiktfavicon_en.svg/32px-Wiktfavicon_en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></span></span></span><b><a href="https://de.wiktionary.org/wiki/Kategorie:Urdu" class="extiw" title="wikt:Kategorie:Urdu">Wiktionary: Wörterbuch Urdu–Deutsch</a></b> – Bedeutungserklärungen, Wortherkunft, Synonyme, Übersetzungen</div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dsal.uchicago.edu/digbooks/dig_toc.html?BOOKID=PK1983.N2_1999_V1">Introductory Urdu (Volume 1)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dsal.uchicago.edu/digbooks/dig_toc.html?BOOKID=PK1983.N2_1999_V2">Introductory Urdu (Volume 2)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Urdu&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Einzelnachweise" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Urdu&action=edit&section=9" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Einzelnachweise"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Vgl. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dsal.uchicago.edu/cgi-bin/app/steingass_query.py?qs=اردو&matchtype=default">Steingass</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Garcia, Maria Isabel Maldonado. „The Urdu language reforms.“ Studies 26 (2011): XXI.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Singh, Shashank, and Shailendra Singh. „Systematic review of spell-checkers for highly inflectional languages.“ Artificial Intelligence Review 53 (2020): 4051-4092.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Peter Austin (1. September 2008): <i>One thousand languages. Living, endangered, and lost.</i> University of California Press, <a href="/wiki/Spezial:ISBN-Suche/9780520255609" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-520-25560-9</a>, S. 120 ff.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bailey, T. Grahame. „<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-the-royal-asiatic-society/article/abs/urdu-the-name-and-the-language/814D9AFC0EBB3ADBB71B4CCD26FAF2D5">Urdu: the Name and the Language.</a>“ Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 62.2 (1930): 391-400. Geschichte des Faches in englischer Sprache</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://ia600308.us.archive.org/21/items/forumias.com-explained-why-lashkari-is-an-indian-language-not-a-foreign-one/forumias.com-Explained%20Why%20Lashkari%20is%20an%20Indian%20language%20not%20a%20foreign%20one.pdf">https://ia600308.us.archive.org/21/items/forumias.com-explained-why-lashkari-is-an-indian-language-not-a-foreign-one/forumias.com-Explained%20Why%20Lashkari%20is%20an%20Indian%20language%20not%20a%20foreign%20one.pdf</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://uepo.de/2002/02/21/der-internationale-tag-der-muttersprache-war-urspruenglich-ein-politischer-kampftag/">Der Internationale Tag der Muttersprache war ursprünglich ein politischer Kampftag</a></i> auf UEPO.de vom 21. Februar 2002, abgerufen am 5. Juni 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Paul Teyssier: <i>História da Língua Portuguesa</i>, S. 94. Lisboa 1987</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Deutsches Institut für Normung / Normenausschuss Bibliotheks- und Dokumentationswesen: <i>Information und Dokumentation – Umschrift des arabischen Alphabets für die Sprachen Arabisch, Osmanisch-Türkisch, Persisch, Kurdisch, Urdu und Paschtu.</i> Beuth-Verlag, Berlin 2011.</span> </li> </ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Weiterführende_Literatur"><span id="Weiterf.C3.BChrende_Literatur"></span>Weiterführende Literatur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Urdu&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Weiterführende Literatur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Urdu&action=edit&section=10" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Weiterführende Literatur"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Bailey, T. Grahame. „<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-the-royal-asiatic-society/article/abs/urdu-the-name-and-the-language/814D9AFC0EBB3ADBB71B4CCD26FAF2D5">Urdu: the Name and the Language.</a>“ Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 62.2 (1930): 391-400. Geschichte des Faches in englischer Sprache</li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r248673343">.mw-parser-output div.NavFrame{border-width:1px;border-style:solid;border-left-color:var(--dewiki-rahmenfarbe1);border-right-color:var(--dewiki-rahmenfarbe1);border-top-color:var(--dewiki-rahmenfarbe1);border-bottom-color:var(--dewiki-rahmenfarbe1);clear:both;font-size:95%;margin-top:1.5em;min-height:0;padding:2px;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output div.NavPic{float:left;padding:2px}.mw-parser-output div.NavHead{background-color:var(--dewiki-hintergrundfarbe5);font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output div.NavFrame:after{clear:both;content:"";display:block}.mw-parser-output div.NavFrame+div.NavFrame,.mw-parser-output div.NavFrame+link+div.NavFrame,.mw-parser-output div.NavFrame+style+div.NavFrame{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .NavToggle{float:right;font-size:x-small}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .NavPic span[typeof="mw:File"] img{background-color:#c8ccd1}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .NavPic span[typeof="mw:File"] img{background-color:#c8ccd1}}</style><div class="NavFrame navigation-not-searchable" role="navigation"> <div class="NavHead">Wikipedia-Schwesterprojekte in Urdu</div> <div class="NavContent"> <table style="margin:0 auto; text-align:left; border-spacing:4px;"> <tbody><tr> <td class="hintergrundfarbe2" style="border-radius:50%;"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/18px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/26px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/35px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="94" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><b><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="ur:">Wikipedia</a></b> </td> <td>– die freie Enzyklopädie auf Urdu </td></tr> <tr> <td class="hintergrundfarbe2" style="border-radius:50%;"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/13px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/20px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/27px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><b><a href="https://de.wikiquote.org/wiki/ur:" class="extiw" title="q:ur:">Wikiquote</a></b> </td> <td>– Zitate auf Urdu </td></tr> <tr> <td class="hintergrundfarbe2" style="border-radius:50%;"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Wiktfavicon_en.svg/16px-Wiktfavicon_en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Wiktfavicon_en.svg/24px-Wiktfavicon_en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Wiktfavicon_en.svg/32px-Wiktfavicon_en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><b><a href="https://de.wiktionary.org/wiki/ur:" class="extiw" title="wikt:ur:">Wiktionary</a></b> </td> <td>– das freie Wörterbuch auf Urdu </td></tr> <tr> <td class="hintergrundfarbe2" style="border-radius:50%;"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/16px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/24px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/32px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><b><a href="https://de.wikibooks.org/wiki/ur:" class="extiw" title="b:ur:">Wikibooks</a></b> </td> <td>– Lern- und Lehrmaterialien auf Urdu </td></tr> <tr> <td class="hintergrundfarbe2" style="border-radius:50%;"><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Wikivoyage-logo.svg/16px-Wikivoyage-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Wikivoyage-logo.svg/24px-Wikivoyage-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Wikivoyage-logo.svg/32px-Wikivoyage-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><b><a href="https://de.wikivoyage.org/wiki/ur:" class="extiw" title="voy:ur:">Wikivoyage</a></b> </td> <td>– Reiseinformationen auf Urdu </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div> <div class="hintergrundfarbe1 rahmenfarbe1 navigation-not-searchable normdaten-typ-s" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 1px; clear: left; margin-bottom:1em; margin-top:1em; padding: 0.25em; overflow: hidden; word-break: break-word; word-wrap: break-word;" id="normdaten"> <div style="display: table-cell; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%;"> <div> Normdaten (Sachbegriff): <a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="plainlinks-print"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4062117-0">4062117-0</a></span> <span class="noprint">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lobid.org/gnd/4062117-0">lobid</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://swb.bsz-bw.de/DB=2.104/SET=1/TTL=1/CMD?retrace=0&trm_old=&ACT=SRCHA&IKT=2999&SRT=RLV&TRM=4062117-0">OGND</a><span class="metadata">, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://prometheus.lmu.de/gnd/4062117-0">AKS</a></span>)</span> | <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>: <span class="plainlinks-print"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85141343">sh85141343</a></span> <span class="metadata"></span></div> </div></div></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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Hilfeseiten"><span>Hilfe</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spezial:Letzte_%C3%84nderungen" title="Liste der letzten Änderungen in Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Letzte Änderungen</span></a></li><li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kontakt" title="Kontaktmöglichkeiten"><span>Kontakt</span></a></li><li id="n-sitesupport" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=de.wikipedia.org&uselang=de" title="Unterstütze uns"><span>Spenden</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-tb" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-tb-label" > <h3 id="p-tb-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Werkzeuge</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spezial:Linkliste/Urdu" title="Liste aller Seiten, die hierher verlinken [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Links auf diese Seite</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spezial:%C3%84nderungen_an_verlinkten_Seiten/Urdu" rel="nofollow" title="Letzte Änderungen an Seiten, die von hier verlinkt sind [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Änderungen an verlinkten Seiten</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Urdu&oldid=253637756" title="Dauerhafter Link zu dieser Seitenversion"><span>Permanenter Link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Urdu&action=info" title="Weitere Informationen über diese Seite"><span>Seiteninformationen</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spezial:Zitierhilfe&page=Urdu&id=253637756&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Hinweise, wie diese Seite zitiert werden kann"><span>Artikel zitieren</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spezial:URL-K%C3%BCrzung&url=https%3A%2F%2Fde.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FUrdu"><span>Kurzlink</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spezial:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fde.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FUrdu"><span>QR-Code herunterladen</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-coll-print_export" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-coll-print_export-label" > <h3 id="p-coll-print_export-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Drucken/exportieren</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spezial:DownloadAsPdf&page=Urdu&action=show-download-screen"><span>Als PDF herunterladen</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Urdu&printable=yes" title="Druckansicht dieser Seite [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Druckversion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-wikibase-otherprojects-label" > <h3 id="p-wikibase-otherprojects-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">In anderen Projekten</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Urdu_language" hreflang="en"><span>Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikifunctions mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikifunctions.org/wiki/Z1717" hreflang="en"><span>Wikifunctions</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wiktionary mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:Urdu" hreflang="de"><span>Wiktionary</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1617" title="Link zum verbundenen Objekt im Datenrepositorium [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-Datenobjekt</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-lang" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-lang-label" > <h3 id="p-lang-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">In anderen Sprachen</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahsa_Urdu" title="Bahsa Urdu – Aceh" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Bahsa Urdu" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Aceh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oerdoe" title="Oerdoe – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Oerdoe" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A1%E1%88%AD%E1%8B%B1" title="ኡርዱ – Amharisch" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ኡርዱ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_urd%C3%BA" title="Idioma urdú – Aragonesisch" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Idioma urdú" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdusc_spr%C7%A3c" title="Urdusc sprǣc – Altenglisch" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Urdusc sprǣc" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Altenglisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%82_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="उर्दू भाषा – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="उर्दू भाषा" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="اللغة الأردية – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="اللغة الأردية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A0%DC%AB%DC%A2%DC%90_%DC%95%DC%90%DC%98%DC%AA%DC%95%DC%98" title="ܠܫܢܐ ܕܐܘܪܕܘ – Aramäisch" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܠܫܢܐ ܕܐܘܪܕܘ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramäisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A4%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88" title="ؤردو – Marokkanisches Arabisch" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="ؤردو" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Marokkanisches Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88" title="اوردو – Ägyptisches Arabisch" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اوردو" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Ägyptisches Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%81_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE" title="উৰ্দু ভাষা – Assamesisch" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="উৰ্দু ভাষা" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_urd%C3%BA" title="Idioma urdú – Asturisch" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Idioma urdú" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%82" title="उर्दू – Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="उर्दू" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu_aru" title="Urdu aru – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Urdu aru" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu_dili" title="Urdu dili – Aserbaidschanisch" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Urdu dili" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Aserbaidschanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88_%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C" title="اوردو دیلی – Südaserbaidschanisch" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اوردو دیلی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="Südaserbaidschanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%83_%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Урду теле – Baschkirisch" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Урду теле" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Baschkirisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urd%C5%AB" title="Urdū – Samogitisch" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Urdū" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%83" title="Урду – Belarussisch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Урду" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%83" title="Урду – Weißrussisch (Taraschkewiza)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Урду" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Weißrussisch (Taraschkewiza)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%83" title="Урду – Bulgarisch" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Урду" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%82" title="उर्दू – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="उर्दू" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%81_%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A6%BE" title="উর্দু ভাষা – Bengalisch" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উর্দু ভাষা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengalisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bpy mw-list-item"><a href="https://bpy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%81_%E0%A6%A0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0" title="উর্দু ঠার – Bishnupriya" lang="bpy" hreflang="bpy" data-title="উর্দু ঠার" data-language-autonym="বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী" data-language-local-name="Bishnupriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ourdoueg" title="Ourdoueg – Bretonisch" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Ourdoueg" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretonisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu – Bosnisch" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Urdu" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saro_Urdu" title="Saro Urdu – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Saro Urdu" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bug mw-list-item"><a href="https://bug.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_urdu" title="Lingua urdu – Buginesisch" lang="bug" hreflang="bug" data-title="Lingua urdu" data-language-autonym="Basa Ugi" data-language-local-name="Buginesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Ugi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%83_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Урду хэлэн – Russisches Burjatisch" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Урду хэлэн" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russisches Burjatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urd%C3%BA" title="Urdú – Katalanisch" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Urdú" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Urdu" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu-ng%E1%B9%B3%CC%84" title="Urdu-ngṳ̄ – Min Dong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Urdu-ngṳ̄" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Min Dong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%83" title="Урду – Tschetschenisch" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Урду" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Tschetschenisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinulongang_Urdu" title="Pinulongang Urdu – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Pinulongang Urdu" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ch mw-list-item"><a href="https://ch.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu – Chamorro" lang="ch" hreflang="ch" data-title="Urdu" data-language-autonym="Chamoru" data-language-local-name="Chamorro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chamoru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A6%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%88" title="زمانی ئوردوو – Zentralkurdisch" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="زمانی ئوردوو" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Zentralkurdisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu_tili" title="Urdu tili – Krimtatarisch" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Urdu tili" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Krimtatarisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urd%C5%A1tina" title="Urdština – Tschechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Urdština" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tschechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%83" title="Урду – Tschuwaschisch" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Урду" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Tschuwaschisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wrdw" title="Wrdw – Walisisch" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Wrdw" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Walisisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu – Dänisch" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Urdu" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dänisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urduki" title="Urduki – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Urduki" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu%C5%A1%C4%87ina" title="Urdušćina – Niedersorbisch" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Urdušćina" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Niedersorbisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%87%DE%AA%DE%83%DE%AA%DE%8B%DE%AB" title="އުރުދޫ – Dhivehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="އުރުދޫ" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Dhivehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu – Ewe" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Urdu" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="Ewe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eʋegbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%BB%CF%8E%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1_%CE%9F%CF%8D%CF%81%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85" title="Γλώσσα Ούρντου – Griechisch" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γλώσσα Ούρντου" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Griechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu – Englisch" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Urdu" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Englisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urduo" title="Urduo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Urduo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu – Spanisch" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Urdu" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu_keel" title="Urdu keel – Estnisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Urdu keel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estnisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu – Baskisch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Urdu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Idioma_urdu" title="Idioma urdu – Extremadurisch" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Idioma urdu" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremadurisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88" title="زبان اردو – Persisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زبان اردو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu – Finnisch" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Urdu" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ourdou" title="Ourdou – Französisch" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ourdou" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Französisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu – Nordfriesisch" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Urdu" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Nordfriesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oerd%C3%BB" title="Oerdû – Westfriesisch" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Oerdû" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Westfriesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Urd%C3%BAis" title="An Urdúis – Irisch" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Urdúis" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu_dili" title="Urdu dili – Gagausisch" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Urdu dili" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagausisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E5%B0%94%E9%83%BD%E8%AF%AD" title="乌尔都语 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="乌尔都语" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu – Gälisch (Schottland)" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Urdu" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Gälisch (Schottland)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_urd%C3%BA" title="Lingua urdú – Galicisch" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Lingua urdú" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu_%C3%B1e%27%E1%BA%BD" title="Urdu ñe'ẽ – Guaraní" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Urdu ñe'ẽ" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guaraní" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%82_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE" title="उर्दू भाशा – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="उर्दू भाशा" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%89%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%A6%E0%AB%82_%E0%AA%AD%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%B7%E0%AA%BE" title="ઉર્દૂ ભાષા – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ઉર્દૂ ભાષા" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oordooish" title="Oordooish – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Oordooish" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu – Haussa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Urdu" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Haussa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu-ng%C3%AE" title="Urdu-ngî – Hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Urdu-ngî" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CA%BB%C5%8Clelo_Urdu" title="ʻŌlelo Urdu – Hawaiisch" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="ʻŌlelo Urdu" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaiisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%93%D7%95" title="אורדו – Hebräisch" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אורדו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebräisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%82_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="उर्दू भाषा – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="उर्दू भाषा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu – Fidschi-Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Urdu" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fidschi-Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdski_jezik" title="Urdski jezik – Kroatisch" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Urdski jezik" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu%C5%A1%C4%87ina" title="Urdušćina – Obersorbisch" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Urdušćina" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Obersorbisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu_nyelv" title="Urdu nyelv – Ungarisch" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Urdu nyelv" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Ungarisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%88%D6%82%D6%80%D5%A4%D5%B8%D6%82" title="Ուրդու – Armenisch" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ուրդու" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Urdu" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Urdu" title="Bahasa Urdu – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bahasa Urdu" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Urdu" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%83" title="Урду – Inguschisch" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Урду" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Inguschisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu-linguo" title="Urdu-linguo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Urdu-linguo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Ard%C3%BA" title="Úrdú – Isländisch" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Úrdú" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Isländisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_urdu" title="Lingua urdu – Italienisch" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lingua urdu" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italienisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%83%AB%E3%83%89%E3%82%A5%E3%83%BC%E8%AA%9E" title="ウルドゥー語 – Japanisch" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ウルドゥー語" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urduos" title="Urduos – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="Urduos" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_Urdu" title="Basa Urdu – Javanisch" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Basa Urdu" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93%E1%83%A3_%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="ურდუ ენა – Georgisch" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ურდუ ენა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu_tili" title="Urdu tili – Karakalpakisch" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Urdu tili" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Karakalpakisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urduu_k%CA%8An%CA%8A%C5%8B" title="Urduu kʊnʊŋ – Kabiyé" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Urduu kʊnʊŋ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiyé" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basa_Urdu" title="Basa Urdu – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Basa Urdu" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%83" title="Урду – Kasachisch" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Урду" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kasachisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%97%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%A2%E1%9F%8A%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%8C%E1%9E%BC" title="ភាសាអ៊ូរឌូ – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ភាសាអ៊ូរឌូ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%89%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A6%E0%B3%82" title="ಉರ್ದೂ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಉರ್ದೂ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9A%B0%EB%A5%B4%EB%91%90%EC%96%B4" title="우르두어 – Koreanisch" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="우르두어" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%8F%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%97_%D8%B2%D9%8E%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86" title="اُردوٗ زَبان – Kaschmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="اُردوٗ زَبان" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kaschmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ziman%C3%AA_urd%C3%BB" title="Zimanê urdû – Kurdisch" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Zimanê urdû" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%83" title="Урду – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Урду" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0" title="Урдуча – Kirgisisch" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Урдуча" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgisisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingua_Urdu" title="Lingua Urdu – Latein" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Lingua Urdu" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latein" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Urdu" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu – Limburgisch" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Urdu" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengua_urdu" title="Lengua urdu – Ligurisch" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Lengua urdu" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lengua_urdu" title="Lengua urdu – Lombardisch" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Lengua urdu" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombardisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%B9%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%B9" title="ພາສາອູດູ – Laotisch" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ພາສາອູດູ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Laotisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu – Litauisch" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Urdu" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litauisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu – Lettisch" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Urdu" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Lettisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%81_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="उर्दु भाषा – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="उर्दु भाषा" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiteny_ord%C3%B2" title="Fiteny ordò – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fiteny ordò" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reo_%C5%AAru" title="Reo Ūru – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Reo Ūru" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahaso_Urdu" title="Bahaso Urdu – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Bahaso Urdu" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%83" title="Урду – Mazedonisch" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Урду" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Mazedonisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%89%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%81" title="ഉർദു – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഉർദു" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B4%D2%AF_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Урдү хэл – Mongolisch" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Урдү хэл" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%8E%EA%AF%94%EA%AF%97%EA%AF%A8_%EA%AF%82%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%9F" title="ꯎꯔꯗꯨ ꯂꯣꯟ – Meithei" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯎꯔꯗꯨ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="Meithei" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%82_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="उर्दू भाषा – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="उर्दू भाषा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahasa_Urdu" title="Bahasa Urdu – Malaiisch" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bahasa Urdu" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malaiisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lingwa_Urdu" title="Lingwa Urdu – Maltesisch" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Lingwa Urdu" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88" title="اردو – Masanderanisch" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="اردو" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Masanderanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu – Niederdeutsch" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Urdu" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Niederdeutsch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%81_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="उर्दु भाषा – Nepalesisch" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="उर्दु भाषा" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepalesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%82_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="उर्दू भाषा – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="उर्दू भाषा" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu – Niederländisch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Urdu" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Niederländisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu – Norwegisch (Nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Urdu" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegisch (Nynorsk)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu – Norwegisch (Bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Urdu" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegisch (Bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Se-Urdu" title="Se-Urdu – Nord-Sotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Se-Urdu" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Nord-Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ordo" title="Ordo – Okzitanisch" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Ordo" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Okzitanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu – Olonetzisch" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Urdu" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Olonetzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%89%E0%AC%B0%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%A6%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%A6%E0%AD%81_%E0%AC%AD%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%B7%E0%AC%BE" title="ଉର୍ଦ୍ଦୁ ଭାଷା – Oriya" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଉର୍ଦ୍ଦୁ ଭାଷା" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Oriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%83" title="Урду – Ossetisch" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Урду" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%89%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%82" title="ਉਰਦੂ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਉਰਦੂ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Urdu" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%82_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE" title="उर्दू भाषा – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="उर्दू भाषा" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_urdu" title="Język urdu – Polnisch" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Język urdu" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polnisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lenga_urdu" title="Lenga urdu – Piemontesisch" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Lenga urdu" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piemontesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88" title="اردو – Westliches Panjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="اردو" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Westliches Panjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88_%DA%98%D8%A8%D9%87" title="اردو ژبه – Paschtu" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="اردو ژبه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Paschtu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_urdu" title="Língua urdu – Portugiesisch" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Língua urdu" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugiesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urthu_simi" title="Urthu simi – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Urthu simi" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limba_urdu" title="Limba urdu – Rumänisch" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Limba urdu" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumänisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Limba_urdu" title="Limba urdu – Aromunisch" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Limba urdu" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromunisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%83" title="Урду – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Урду" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inyeyurudu" title="Inyeyurudu – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Inyeyurudu" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%82" title="उर्दू – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="उर्दू" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A9%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%AB%E1%B1%A9_%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B9%E1%B1%A8%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A4" title="ᱩᱨᱫᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱩᱨᱫᱩ ᱯᱟᱹᱨᱥᱤ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu – Schottisch" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Urdu" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Schottisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88" title="اردو – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="اردو" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdugiella" title="Urdugiella – Nordsamisch" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Urdugiella" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Nordsamisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdski_jezik" title="Urdski jezik – Serbokroatisch" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Urdski jezik" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbokroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tutlayt_turdut" title="Tutlayt turdut – Taschelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Tutlayt turdut" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Taschelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%8B%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%94" title="උර්දු – Singhalesisch" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="උර්දු" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Singhalesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu – einfaches Englisch" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Urdu" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="einfaches Englisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urd%C4%8Dina" title="Urdčina – Slowakisch" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Urdčina" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowakisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88" title="اردو – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="اردو" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urduj%C5%A1%C4%8Dina" title="Urdujščina – Slowenisch" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Urdujščina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slowenisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gagana_Urdu" title="Gagana Urdu – Samoanisch" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Gagana Urdu" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="Samoanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gjuha_urdu" title="Gjuha urdu – Albanisch" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Gjuha urdu" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%83_(%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA)" title="Урду (језик) – Serbisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Урду (језик)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-srn mw-list-item"><a href="https://srn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu – Srananisch" lang="srn" hreflang="srn" data-title="Urdu" data-language-autonym="Sranantongo" data-language-local-name="Srananisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sranantongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ss mw-list-item"><a href="https://ss.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu_ulimi" title="Urdu ulimi – Swazi" lang="ss" hreflang="ss" data-title="Urdu ulimi" data-language-autonym="SiSwati" data-language-local-name="Swazi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>SiSwati</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu – Saterfriesisch" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Urdu" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterfriesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu – Schwedisch" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Urdu" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Schwedisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiurdu" title="Kiurdu – Suaheli" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kiurdu" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Suaheli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C5%8Fdka_Urdu" title="Gŏdka Urdu – Schlesisch (Wasserpolnisch)" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Gŏdka Urdu" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Schlesisch (Wasserpolnisch)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81" title="உருது – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="உருது" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%89%E0%B2%B0%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A6%E0%B3%81_%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%86" title="ಉರ್ದು ಬಾಸೆ – Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಉರ್ದು ಬಾಸೆ" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="exzellenter Artikel"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%89%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%82_%E0%B0%AD%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B7" title="ఉర్దూ భాష – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఉర్దూ భాష" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%83" title="Забони урду – Tadschikisch" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Забони урду" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tadschikisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B9" title="ภาษาอูรดู – Thailändisch" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ภาษาอูรดู" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thailändisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu_dili" title="Urdu dili – Turkmenisch" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Urdu dili" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmenisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikang_Urdu" title="Wikang Urdu – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Wikang Urdu" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu_zyvon" title="Urdu zyvon – Talisch" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Urdu zyvon" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urduca" title="Urduca – Türkisch" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Urduca" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Türkisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%83" title="Урду – Tatarisch" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Урду" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatarisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%83" title="Урду – Udmurtisch" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Урду" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurtisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88_%D8%AA%D9%89%D9%84%D9%89" title="ئوردو تىلى – Uigurisch" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئوردو تىلى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uigurisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%83" title="Урду – Ukrainisch" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Урду" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="exzellenter Artikel"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88" title="اردو – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اردو" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu – Usbekisch" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Urdu" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Usbekisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu – Wepsisch" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Urdu" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Wepsisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ti%E1%BA%BFng_Urdu" title="Tiếng Urdu – Vietnamesisch" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tiếng Urdu" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lurduv" title="Lurduv – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Lurduv" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Urdu" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E5%B0%94%E9%83%BD%E8%AF%AD" title="乌尔都语 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="乌尔都语" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93%E1%83%A3_%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="ურდუ ნინა – Mingrelisch" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ურდუ ნინა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%93%D7%95" title="אורדו – Jiddisch" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אורדו" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Jiddisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88d%C3%A8_Urdu" title="Èdè Urdu – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Èdè Urdu" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vah_Urdu" title="Vah Urdu – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Vah Urdu" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%9C%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%9C%E2%B5%8D%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%A2%E2%B5%9C_%E2%B5%8F_%E2%B5%93%E2%B5%94%E2%B4%B7%E2%B5%93" title="ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵔⴷⵓ – Tamazight" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵜⵓⵜⵍⴰⵢⵜ ⵏ ⵓⵔⴷⵓ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Tamazight" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E5%B0%94%E9%83%BD%E8%AF%AD" title="乌尔都语 – Chinesisch" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="乌尔都语" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urdu-g%C3%AD" title="Urdu-gí – Min Nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Urdu-gí" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Min Nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E9%83%BD%E6%96%87" title="烏都文 – Kantonesisch" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="烏都文" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isi-Urdu" title="Isi-Urdu – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Isi-Urdu" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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