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studies</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: in silico studies"> <meta name="keywords" content="in silico studies"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="in silico studies"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 11420</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: in silico studies</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11300</span> Teacher's Gender and Primary School Pupils Achievement in Social Studies and Its Educational Implications on Pupils</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elizabeth%20Oyenike%20Abegunrin">Elizabeth Oyenike Abegunrin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study is borne out of the dire need to improve the academic achievement of pupils in social studies. The paper attempted to reconcile the lacuna in teacher’s gender and primary school pupils’ achievement. With specific reference to Social Studies classroom, the aim of this study was to detail how pupils’ achievement is a function of the teacher’s gender as well as to establish the link (if any) between teacher’s gender and pupils’ educational achievement. The significance of this was to create gender-template standard for teachers, school owners, administrators and policy makers to follow in the course of engendering pupils’ achievement in Social Studies. By adopting a quasi-experimental research design, a sample of two hundred pupils was selected across five primary schools in Education District I, Lagos State and assigned to experimental and control groups. A 40-item Gender and Social Studies Achievement Test (GSSAT) was used to obtain data from the pupils. Having analyzed the data collected using Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC), a reliability of 0.78 was obtained. Result revealed that teacher’s gender (male/female) had no significant effect on pupils’ achievement in Social Studies and that there was significant interaction effect of teacher’s commitment devoid of gender on the general education output of pupils in Social Studies. Taken together, the results revealed that there is a high degree correlation between teacher’s commitment and pupils academic achievement in social studies, and not gender-based. The study recommended that social studies teachers should re-assess their classroom instructional strategies and use more innovative instructional methods and techniques that will give the pupils equal opportunities to excel in social studies, rather than their gender differences. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender" title="gender">gender</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=academic%20achievement" title=" academic achievement"> academic achievement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20studies" title=" social studies"> social studies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=primary%20school" title=" primary school"> primary school</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94495/teachers-gender-and-primary-school-pupils-achievement-in-social-studies-and-its-educational-implications-on-pupils" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94495.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">210</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11299</span> Maternal-Fetal Outcome in Pregnant Women with Ebola Virus Disease: A Systematic Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Garba%20Iliyasu">Garba Iliyasu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lamaran%20Dattijo"> Lamaran Dattijo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Ebola virus disease (EVD) is a disease of humans and other primates caused by Ebola viruses. The most widespread epidemic of EVD in history occurred recently in several West African countries. The burden and outcome of EVD in pregnant women remains uncertain. There are very few studies to date reporting on maternal and fetal outcomes among pregnant women with EVD, hence the justification for this comprehensive review of these published studies. Methods: Published studies in English that reported on maternal and or fetal outcome among pregnant women with EVD up to May 2016 were searched in electronic databases (Google Scholar, Medline, Embase, PubMed, AJOL, and Scopus). Studies that did not satisfy the inclusion criteria were excluded. We extracted the following variables from each study: geographical location, year of the study, settings of the study, participants, maternal and fetal outcome.Result: There were 12 studies that reported on 108 pregnant women and 110 fetal outcomes. Six of the studies were case reports, 3 retrospective studies, 2 cross-sectional studies and 1 was a technical report. There were 91(84.3%) deaths out of the 108 pregnant women, while only 1(0.9%) fetal survival was reported out of 110. Survival rate among the 15 patients that had spontaneous abortion/stillbirth or induced delivery was 100%. Conclusion: There was a poor maternal and fetal outcome among pregnant women with EVD, and fetal evacuation significantly improves maternal survival. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ebola" title=" ebola"> ebola</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maternofetal" title=" maternofetal"> maternofetal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=outcome" title=" outcome"> outcome</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58307/maternal-fetal-outcome-in-pregnant-women-with-ebola-virus-disease-a-systematic-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58307.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">264</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11298</span> Characterization of a Putative Type 1 Toxin-Antitoxin System in Shigella Flexneri</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=David%20Sarpong">David Sarpong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Waleed%20Khursheed"> Waleed Khursheed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ernest%20Danquah"> Ernest Danquah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Erin%20Murphy"> Erin Murphy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Shigella is a pathogenic bacterium responsible for shigellosis, a severe diarrheal disease that claims the lives of immunocompromised individuals worldwide. To develop therapeutics against this disease, an understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogen’s physiology is crucial. Small non-coding RNAs (sRNAs) have emerged as important regulators of bacterial physiology, including as components of toxin-antitoxin systems. In this study, we investigated the role of RyfA in S. flexneri physiology and virulence. RyfA, originally identified as an sRNA in Escherichia coli, is conserved within the Enterobacteriaceae family, including Shigella. Whereas two copies of ryfA are present in S. dysenteriae, all other Shigella species contain only one copy of the gene. Additionally, we identified a putative open reading frame within the RyfA transcript, suggesting that it may be a dual-functioning gene encoding a small protein in addition to its sRNA function. To study ryfA in vitro, we cloned the gene into an inducible plasmid and observed the effect on bacterial growth. Here, we report that RyfA production inhibits the growth of S. flexneri, and this inhibition is dependent on the contained open reading frame. In-silico analyses have revealed the presence of two divergently transcribed sRNAs, RyfB1 and RyfB2, which share nucleotide complementarity with RyfA and thus are predicted to function as anti-toxins. Our data demonstrate that RyfB2 has a stronger antitoxin effect than RyfB1. This regulatory pattern suggests a novel form of a toxin-antitoxin system in which the activity of a single toxin is inhibited to varying degrees by two sRNA antitoxins. Studies are ongoing to investigate the regulatory mechanism(s) of the antitoxin genes, as well as the downstream targets and mechanism of growth inhibition by the RyfA toxin. This study offers distinct insights into the regulatory mechanisms underlying Shigella physiology and may inform the development of new anti-Shigella therapeutics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sRNA" title="sRNA">sRNA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shigella" title=" shigella"> shigella</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=toxin-antitoxin" title=" toxin-antitoxin"> toxin-antitoxin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Type%201%20toxin%20antitoxin" title=" Type 1 toxin antitoxin"> Type 1 toxin antitoxin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185350/characterization-of-a-putative-type-1-toxin-antitoxin-system-in-shigella-flexneri" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185350.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">51</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11297</span> Bioinformatics and Molecular Biological Characterization of a Hypothetical Protein SAV1226 as a Potential Drug Target for Methicillin/Vancomycin-Staphylococcus aureus Infections</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nichole%20Haag">Nichole Haag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kimberly%20Velk"> Kimberly Velk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tyler%20McCune"> Tyler McCune</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chun%20Wu"> Chun Wu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Methicillin/multiple-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are infectious bacteria that are resistant to common antibiotics. A previous in silico study in our group has identified a hypothetical protein SAV1226 as one of the potential drug targets. In this study, we reported the bioinformatics characterization, as well as cloning, expression, purification and kinetic assays of hypothetical protein SAV1226 from methicillin/vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Mu50 strain. MALDI-TOF/MS analysis revealed a low degree of structural similarity with known proteins. Kinetic assays demonstrated that hypothetical protein SAV1226 is neither a domain of an ATP dependent dihydroxyacetone kinase nor of a phosphotransferase system (PTS) dihydroxyacetone kinase, suggesting that the function of hypothetical protein SAV1226 might be misannotated on public databases such as UniProt and InterProScan 5. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Methicillin-resistant%20Staphylococcus%20aureus" title="Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus">Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dihydroxyacetone%20kinase" title=" dihydroxyacetone kinase"> dihydroxyacetone kinase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=essential%20genes" title=" essential genes"> essential genes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drug%20target" title=" drug target"> drug target</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphoryl%20group%20donor" title=" phosphoryl group donor"> phosphoryl group donor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21705/bioinformatics-and-molecular-biological-characterization-of-a-hypothetical-protein-sav1226-as-a-potential-drug-target-for-methicillinvancomycin-staphylococcus-aureus-infections" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21705.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">407</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11296</span> Chemical Fingerprinting of the Ephedrine Pathway to Methamphetamine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luke%20Andrighetto">Luke Andrighetto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paul%20G.%20Stevenson"> Paul G. Stevenson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luke%20C.%20Henderson"> Luke C. Henderson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jim%20Pearson"> Jim Pearson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xavier%20A.%20Conlan"> Xavier A. Conlan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As pseudoephedrine, a common ingredient in cold and flu medications is closely monitored and restricted in Australia, alternative methods of accessing it are of interest. The impurities and by-products of every reaction step of pseudoephedrine/ephedrine and methamphetamine synthesis have been mapped in order to develop a chemical fingerprint based on synthetic route. Likewise, seized methamphetamine contains a combination of different cutting agents and starting materials. Therefore, in-silico optimised two-dimensional HPLC with DryLab® and OpenMS® software has been used to efficiently separate complex seizure samples. An excellent match between simulated and real separations was observed. Targeted separation of model compounds was completed with significantly reduced method development time. This study produced a two-dimensional separation regime that offers unprecedented separation power (separation space) while maintaining a rapid analysis time that is faster than those previously reported for gas chromatography, single dimension high performance liquid chromatography or capillary electrophoresis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20fingerprint" title="chemical fingerprint">chemical fingerprint</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ephedrine" title=" ephedrine"> ephedrine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methamphetamine" title=" methamphetamine"> methamphetamine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=two-dimensional%20HPLC" title=" two-dimensional HPLC"> two-dimensional HPLC</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23355/chemical-fingerprinting-of-the-ephedrine-pathway-to-methamphetamine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23355.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">459</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11295</span> Host-Assisted Delivery of a Model Drug to Genomic DNA: Key Information From Ultrafast Spectroscopy and in Silico Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ria%20Ghosh">Ria Ghosh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soumendra%20Singh"> Soumendra Singh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dipanjan%20Mukherjee"> Dipanjan Mukherjee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Susmita%20Mondal"> Susmita Mondal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Monojit%20Das"> Monojit Das</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Uttam%20Pal"> Uttam Pal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aniruddha%20Adhikari"> Aniruddha Adhikari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aman%20Bhushan"> Aman Bhushan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Surajit%20Bose"> Surajit Bose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siddharth%20Sankar%20Bhattacharyya"> Siddharth Sankar Bhattacharyya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Debasish%20Pal"> Debasish Pal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tanusri%20Saha-Dasgupta"> Tanusri Saha-Dasgupta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maitree%20Bhattacharyya"> Maitree Bhattacharyya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Debasis%20Bhattacharyya"> Debasis Bhattacharyya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asim%20Kumar%20Mallick"> Asim Kumar Mallick</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ranjan%20Das"> Ranjan Das</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samir%20Kumar%20Pal"> Samir Kumar Pal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Drug delivery to a target without adverse effects is one of the major criteria for clinical use. Herein, we have made an attempt to explore the delivery efficacy of SDS surfactant in a monomer and micellar stage during the delivery of the model drug, Toluidine Blue (TB) from the micellar cavity to DNA. Molecular recognition of pre-micellar SDS encapsulated TB with DNA occurs at a rate constant of k1 ~652 s 1. However, no significant release of encapsulated TB at micellar concentration was observed within the experimental time frame. This originated from the higher binding affinity of TB towards the nano-cavity of SDS at micellar concentration which does not allow the delivery of TB from the nano-cavity of SDS micelles to DNA. Thus, molecular recognition controls the extent of DNA recognition by TB which in turn modulates the rate of delivery of TB from SDS in a concentration-dependent manner. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DNA" title="DNA">DNA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drug%20delivery" title=" drug delivery"> drug delivery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micelle" title=" micelle"> micelle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pre-micelle" title=" pre-micelle"> pre-micelle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SDS" title=" SDS"> SDS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=toluidine%20blue" title=" toluidine blue"> toluidine blue</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154090/host-assisted-delivery-of-a-model-drug-to-genomic-dna-key-information-from-ultrafast-spectroscopy-and-in-silico-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154090.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">113</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11294</span> Is Hormone Replacement Therapy Associated with Age-Related Macular Degeneration? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hongxin%20Zhao">Hongxin Zhao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shibing%20Yang"> Shibing Yang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bingming%20Yi"> Bingming Yi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yi%20Ning"> Yi Ning</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: A few studies have found evidence that exposure to endogenous or postmenopausal exogenous estrogens may be associated with a lower prevalence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), but dispute over this association is ongoing due to inconsistent results reported by different studies. Objectives: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the association between hormone replacement therapy (HRT) use and AMD. Methods: Relevant studies that assessed the association between HRT and AMD were searched through four databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, EMBASE) and reference lists of retrieved studies. Study selection, data extraction and quality assessment were conducted by three independent reviewers. The fixed-effect meta-analyses were performed to estimate the association between HRT ever-use and AMD by pooling risk ratio (RR) or odds ratio (OR) across studies. Results: The review identified 2 prospective and 7 cross-sectional studies with 93992 female participants that reported an estimate of the association between HRT ever-use and presence of early AMD or late AMD. Meta-analyses showed that there were no statistically significant associations between HRT ever-use and early AMD (pooled RR for cohort studies was 1.04, 95% CI 0.86 - 1.24; pooled OR for cross-sectional studies was 0.91, 95% CI 0.82 - 1.01). The pooled results from cross-sectional studies also showed no statistically significant association between HRT ever-use and late AMD (OR 1.01; 95% CI 0.89 - 1.15). Conclusions: The pooled effects from observational studies published to date indicate that HRT use is associated with neither early nor late AMD. Exposure to HRT may not protect women from developing AMD. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hormone%20replacement%20therapy" title="hormone replacement therapy">hormone replacement therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=age-related%20macular%20degeneration" title=" age-related macular degeneration"> age-related macular degeneration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meta-analysis" title=" meta-analysis"> meta-analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=systematic%20review" title=" systematic review "> systematic review </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31385/is-hormone-replacement-therapy-associated-with-age-related-macular-degeneration-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31385.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">350</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11293</span> Implementing Action Research in EFL/ESL Classrooms: A Systematic Review of Literature 2010-2019</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amira%20D.%20Ali">Amira D. Ali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Action research studies in education often address learners’ needs and empower practitioner-researcher to effectively change instructional practices and school communities. A systematic review of action research (AR) studies undertaken in EFL/ESL settings was conducted in this paper to systematically analyze empirical studies on action research published within a ten-year period (between 2010 and 2019). The review also aimed at investigating the focal strategies in teaching the language skills at school level and evaluating the overall quality of AR studies concerning focus, purpose, methodology and contribution. Inclusion criteria were established and 41 studies that fit were finally selected for the systematic review. Garrard’s (2007) Matrix Method was used to structure and synthesize the literature. Results showed a significant diversity in teaching strategies and implementation of the AR model. Almost a quarter of the studies focused on improving writing skills at elementary school level. In addition, findings revealed that (44%) of the studies used a mixed approach followed by qualitative method approach (41%), whereas only (15%) employed quantitative methodology. Research gaps for future action research in developing language skills were pointed out, and recommendations were offered. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=action%20research" title="action research">action research</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EFL%2FESL%20context" title=" EFL/ESL context"> EFL/ESL context</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=language%20skills" title=" language skills"> language skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=systematic%20review" title=" systematic review"> systematic review</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113383/implementing-action-research-in-eflesl-classrooms-a-systematic-review-of-literature-2010-2019" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113383.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">138</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11292</span> Drug-Drug Interaction Prediction in Diabetes Mellitus</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rashini%20Maduka">Rashini Maduka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20R.%20Wijesinghe"> C. R. Wijesinghe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20R.%20Weerasinghe"> A. R. Weerasinghe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) can happen when two or more drugs are taken together. Today DDIs have become a serious health issue due to adverse drug effects. In vivo and in vitro methods for identifying DDIs are time-consuming and costly. Therefore, in-silico-based approaches are preferred in DDI identification. Most machine learning models for DDI prediction are used chemical and biological drug properties as features. However, some drug features are not available and costly to extract. Therefore, it is better to make automatic feature engineering. Furthermore, people who have diabetes already suffer from other diseases and take more than one medicine together. Then adverse drug effects may happen to diabetic patients and cause unpleasant reactions in the body. In this study, we present a model with a graph convolutional autoencoder and a graph decoder using a dataset from DrugBank version 5.1.3. The main objective of the model is to identify unknown interactions between antidiabetic drugs and the drugs taken by diabetic patients for other diseases. We considered automatic feature engineering and used Known DDIs only as the input for the model. Our model has achieved 0.86 in AUC and 0.86 in AP. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drug-drug%20interaction%20prediction" title="drug-drug interaction prediction">drug-drug interaction prediction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graph%20embedding" title=" graph embedding"> graph embedding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graph%20convolutional%20networks" title=" graph convolutional networks"> graph convolutional networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adverse%20drug%20effects" title=" adverse drug effects"> adverse drug effects</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165305/drug-drug-interaction-prediction-in-diabetes-mellitus" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165305.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">100</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11291</span> Tackling Corruption in Nigeria Using Social Studies and Other Agents of Socialization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joshua%20Garba%20Dodo">Joshua Garba Dodo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Corruption has become endemic in Nigeria, affecting almost all facets of the society, thereby thwarting the effort of national development. The thrust of this paper, therefore, is to see how corruption can be brought to its barest minimum if not totally eradicated using social studies and other agents of socialization. In doing that, the paper defines the concepts of corruption, social studies, and socialization. Discourse on the causes of corruption and the effect on national development is made. The paper examines the role of social studies, family, and the mass media in tackling corruption. The paper also asserts that if an aggressive campaign is mounted by the mass media as a way of supporting the present government in her effort to solve the corruption problem in the country, it will help in changing the psyche of the citizenry about corruption. Finally, the paper recommends, among others, that families and communities should sanction their sons and daughters involved in corrupt practices if proven by a competent court of law. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corruption" title="corruption">corruption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20studies" title=" social studies"> social studies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=family" title=" family"> family</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mass%20media" title=" mass media"> mass media</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=socialization" title=" socialization"> socialization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151376/tackling-corruption-in-nigeria-using-social-studies-and-other-agents-of-socialization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151376.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">93</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11290</span> Social Studies Teachers Experiences in Teaching Spatial Thinking in Social Studies Classrooms in Kuwait: Exploratory Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huda%20Alazmi">Huda Alazmi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Social studies educational research has, so far, devoted very little attention towards spatial thinking in classroom teaching. To help address such paucity, this study explores the spatial thinking instructional experiences of middle school social studies teachers in Kuwait. The goal is to learn their teaching practices and assess teacher understanding for the spatial thinking concept to enable future improvements. Using a qualitative study approach, the researcher conducted semi-structured interviews to examine the relevant experiences of 14 social studies teachers. The findings revealed three major themes: (1) concepts of space, (2) tools of representation, and (3) spatial reasoning. These themes illustrated how social studies teachers focus predominantly upon simple concepts of space, using multiple tools of representation, but avoid addressing critical spatial reasoning. The findings help explain the current situation while identifying weaker areas for further analysis and improvement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20thinking" title="spatial thinking">spatial thinking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concepts%20of%20space" title=" concepts of space"> concepts of space</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20representation" title=" spatial representation"> spatial representation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20reasoning" title=" spatial reasoning"> spatial reasoning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164352/social-studies-teachers-experiences-in-teaching-spatial-thinking-in-social-studies-classrooms-in-kuwait-exploratory-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/164352.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">78</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11289</span> Challenges Being Faced by Students of Arabic and Islamic Studies in Tetiary Institutions in Nigeria: Case Study of Some Selected Tetiary Instutions of Yobe State, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Alhaji%20Maidugu">Muhammad Alhaji Maidugu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The role played by Arabic and Islamic Studies in the history of Nigeria - particularly Northern part of the country - cannot be overemphasized. Before the British colonialism, Arabic language was the official language in some of the great empires in Nigeria such as the Kanem Borno Empire. Islam, on the other hand, is the state religion. Both the rulers and the ruled were deeply involved in the pursuit of Arabic and Islamic knowledge traveling as far as Egypt, Saudia Arabia for scholarship. Their homes are like a modern library where Islamic books are kept and used to teach the community the different fields of Arabic and Islamic Studies. Scholars of Arabic and Islamic Studies were highly regarded and well respected in the society as they were the decision makers, diplomats and advisers to the authorities. Unfortunately, the colonizers used their influence and force to replace this language with a foreign language. In fact, they tried to exterminate it. Arabic became less important in the country. Arabic and Islamic Students became less significant and anybody studying Arabic or Islamic Studies is looked down at with disdain, and the course is considered unprofessional. This paper aims at casting a glance in the position of Arabic and Islamic Studies in Yobe State, Nigeria and social, political, economical and moral challenges faced by the students at institutions of learning. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=challenges" title="challenges">challenges</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=students%20of%20Arabic%20and%20Islamic%20studies" title=" students of Arabic and Islamic studies"> students of Arabic and Islamic studies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tertiary" title=" tertiary"> tertiary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=institutions" title=" institutions"> institutions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yobe" title=" Yobe"> Yobe</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4264/challenges-being-faced-by-students-of-arabic-and-islamic-studies-in-tetiary-institutions-in-nigeria-case-study-of-some-selected-tetiary-instutions-of-yobe-state-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4264.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">359</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11288</span> Studies on Optimization of Batch Biosorption of Cr (VI) and Cu (II) from Wastewater Using Bacillus subtilis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Narasimhulu%20Korrapati">Narasimhulu Korrapati</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this present study is to optimize the process parameters for batch biosorption of Cr(VI) and Cu(II) ions by Bacillus subtilis using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Batch biosorption studies were conducted under optimum pH, temperature, biomass concentration and contact time for the removal of Cr(VI) and Cu(II) ions using Bacillus subtilis. From the studies it is noticed that the maximum biosorption of Cr(VI) and Cu(II) was by Bacillus subtilis at optimum conditions of contact time of 30 minutes, pH of 4.0, biomass concentration of 2.0 mg/mL, the temperature of 32°C in batch biosorption studies. Predicted percent biosorption of the selected heavy metal ions by the design expert software is in agreement with experimental results of percent biosorption. The percent biosorption of Cr(VI) and Cu(II) in batch studies is 80% and 78.4%, respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20metal%20ions" title="heavy metal ions">heavy metal ions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=response%20surface%20methodology" title=" response surface methodology"> response surface methodology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biosorption" title=" biosorption"> biosorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater" title=" wastewater"> wastewater</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59400/studies-on-optimization-of-batch-biosorption-of-cr-vi-and-cu-ii-from-wastewater-using-bacillus-subtilis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59400.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">274</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11287</span> Feasibility Studies in Public Construction Projects in South Africa: Barriers and Implications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kenneth%20O.%20Otasowie">Kenneth O. Otasowie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Matthew%20Ikuabe"> Matthew Ikuabe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Clinton%20Aigbavboa"> Clinton Aigbavboa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayodeji%20Oke"> Ayodeji Oke</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The practice of feasibility studies plays a huge role in the success of construction projects. Feasibility studies according to several research should be the reason for embarking on any project. However, it has been discovered that in South Africa (SA), feasibility studies are mainly done in the private sector construction but skipped in the construction of most public projects. Hence, this study aims to evaluate the barriers to feasibility studies practice in public projects and the implications. A survey design was adopted. A total number of One hundred and fifty (150) questionnaires were administered to Quantity Surveyors, Construction managers, Construction project managers, Project managers, Architects and Civil and Structural engineers in Guateng Province, SA and ninety (90) were returned and found suitable for analysis. Collected data was analysed using percentage, mean item score, standard deviation, one-sample t-test. The findings show that political interference and corruption are the most significant barriers to feasibility studies practice in the public construction projects in SA, while late project completion, poor quality infrastructure are among the implication of not conducting feasibility studies in SA public projects. Therefore, the study recommends the development of a framework for public projects execution that will reduce the interference of the political class in the country, that way the risk of late project completion and poor quality infrastructure will be mitigated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arriers" title="arriers">arriers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feasibility%20studies" title=" feasibility studies"> feasibility studies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20construction" title=" public construction"> public construction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=South%20Africa." title=" South Africa."> South Africa.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157485/feasibility-studies-in-public-construction-projects-in-south-africa-barriers-and-implications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157485.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">89</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11286</span> In Silico Analysis of Salivary miRNAs to Identify the Diagnostic Biomarkers for Oral Cancer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andleeb%20Zahra">Andleeb Zahra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Itrat%20Rubab"> Itrat Rubab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sumaira%20Malik"> Sumaira Malik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amina%20Khan"> Amina Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Jawad%20Khan"> Muhammad Jawad Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Qaiser%20Fatmi"> M. Qaiser Fatmi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Recent studies have highlighted the role of miRNA in disease pathology, indicating its potential use in an early diagnostic tool. miRNAs are small, double stranded, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by deregulating mRNAs. miRNAs play important roles in modifying various cellular processes such as cell growth, differentiation, apoptosis, and immune response. Dis-regulated expression of miRNAs is known to affect the cell growth, and this may function as tumor suppressors or oncogenes in various cancers. Objectives: The main objectives of this study were to characterize the extracellular miRNAs involved in oral cancer (OC) to assist early detection of cancer as well as to propose a list of genes that can potentially be used as biomarkers of OC. We used gene expression data by microarrays already available in literature. Materials and Methods: In the first step, a total of 318 miRNAs involved in oral carcinoma were shortlisted followed by the prediction of their target genes. Simultaneously, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of oral carcinoma from all experiments were identified. The common genes between lists of DEGs of OC based on experimentally proven data and target genes of each miRNA were identified. These common genes are the targets of specific miRNA, which is involved in OC. Finally, a list of genes was generated which may be used as biomarker of OC. Results and Conclusion: In results, we included some of pathways in cancer to show the change in gene expression under the control of specific miRNA. Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) provided a list of major biomarkers like CDH2, CDK7 and functional enrichment analysis identified the role of miRNA in major pathways like cell adhesion molecules pathway affected by cancer. We observed that at least 25 genes are regulated by maximum number of miRNAs, and thereby, they can be used as biomarkers of OC. To better understand the role of miRNA with respect to their target genes further experiments are required, and our study provides a platform to better understand the miRNA-OC relationship at genomics level. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomarkers" title="biomarkers">biomarkers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gene%20expression" title=" gene expression"> gene expression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=miRNA" title=" miRNA"> miRNA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oral%20carcinoma" title=" oral carcinoma"> oral carcinoma</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39983/in-silico-analysis-of-salivary-mirnas-to-identify-the-diagnostic-biomarkers-for-oral-cancer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39983.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">375</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11285</span> Development of Peptide Inhibitors against Dengue Virus Infection by in Silico Design</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aussara%20Panya">Aussara Panya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nunghathai%20Sawasdee"> Nunghathai Sawasdee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mutita%20Junking"> Mutita Junking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chatchawan%20Srisawat"> Chatchawan Srisawat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kiattawee%20Choowongkomon"> Kiattawee Choowongkomon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pa-Thai%20Yenchitsomanus"> Pa-Thai Yenchitsomanus</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Dengue virus (DENV) infection is a global public health problem with approximately 100 million infected cases a year. Presently, there is no approved vaccine or effective drug available; therefore, the development of anti-DENV drug is urgently needed. The clinical reports revealing the positive association between the disease severity and viral titer has been reported previously suggesting that the anti-DENV drug therapy can possibly ameliorate the disease severity. Although several anti-DENV agents showed inhibitory activities against DENV infection, to date none of them accomplishes clinical use in the patients. The surface envelope (E) protein of DENV is critical for the viral entry step, which includes attachment and membrane fusion; thus, the blocking of envelope protein is an attractive strategy for anti-DENV drug development. To search the safe anti-DENV agent, this study aimed to search for novel peptide inhibitors to counter DENV infection through the targeting of E protein using a structure-based in silico design. Two selected strategies has been used including to identify the peptide inhibitor which interfere the membrane fusion process whereby the hydrophobic pocket on the E protein was the target, the destabilization of virion structure organization through the disruption of the interaction between the envelope and membrane proteins, respectively. The molecular docking technique has been used in the first strategy to search for the peptide inhibitors that specifically bind to the hydrophobic pocket. The second strategy, the peptide inhibitor has been designed to mimic the ectodomain portion of membrane protein to disrupt the protein-protein interaction. The designed peptides were tested for the effects on cell viability to measure the toxic to peptide to the cells and their inhibitory assay to inhibit the DENV infection in Vero cells. Furthermore, their antiviral effects on viral replication, intracellular protein level and viral production have been observed by using the qPCR, cell-based flavivirus immunodetection and immunofluorescence assay. None of tested peptides showed the significant effect on cell viability. The small peptide inhibitors achieved from molecular docking, Glu-Phe (EF), effectively inhibited DENV infection in cell culture system. Its most potential effect was observed for DENV2 with a half maximal inhibition concentration (IC50) of 96 μM, but it partially inhibited other serotypes. Treatment of EF at 200 µM on infected cells also significantly reduced the viral genome and protein to 83.47% and 84.15%, respectively, corresponding to the reduction of infected cell numbers. An additional approach was carried out by using peptide mimicking membrane (M) protein, namely MLH40. Treatment of MLH40 caused the reduction of foci formation in four individual DENV serotype (DENV1-4) with IC50 of 24-31 μM. Further characterization suggested that the MLH40 specifically blocked viral attachment to host membrane, and treatment with 100 μM could diminish 80% of viral attachment. In summary, targeting the hydrophobic pocket and M-binding site on the E protein by using the peptide inhibitors could inhibit DENV infection. The results provide proof of-concept for the development of antiviral therapeutic peptide inhibitors to counter DENV infection through the use of a structure-based design targeting conserved viral protein. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dengue%20virus" title="dengue virus">dengue virus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dengue%20virus%20infection" title=" dengue virus infection"> dengue virus infection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drug%20design" title=" drug design"> drug design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peptide%20inhibitor" title=" peptide inhibitor"> peptide inhibitor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37420/development-of-peptide-inhibitors-against-dengue-virus-infection-by-in-silico-design" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37420.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">357</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11284</span> Synthesis, Molecular-Docking, and Biological Evaluation of Thiazolopyrimidine Carboxylates as Potential Antidiabetic and Antibacterial Agents</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iram%20Batool">Iram Batool</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aamer%20Saeed"> Aamer Saeed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Irfan%20Zia%20Qureshi"> Irfan Zia Qureshi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayesha%20Razzaq"> Ayesha Razzaq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saima%20Kalsoom"> Saima Kalsoom</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Heterocyclic compounds analogues and their derivatives have attracted strong interest in medicinal chemistry due to their biological and pharmacological properties. A series of new thiazolopyrimidine carboxylates were conveniently synthesized by one-pot three-component reaction of ethyl acetoacetate, 2-aminothiazole and benzaldehyde substituted with electron-donating and electron-withdrawing groups in order to find some more potent antidiabetic and antibacterial drugs. The structures of synthesized compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR spectroscopy. An in vitro antidiabetic effect was evaluated in adult male BALB/c mice and antibacterial activities were tested against Micrococcus luteus, Salmonella typhimurium, Bacillus subtilis, Bordetella bronchiseptica and Escherichia coli. Some of the tested compounds proved to possess good to excellent activities more than the reference drugs. An in silico molecular docking was also performed on synthesized compounds. The current study is expected to provide useful insights into the design of antidiabetic and antibacterial drugs and understanding the mechanism by which such drugs interact with RNA and diabetes target and exert their biochemical action. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antidiabetic" title="antidiabetic">antidiabetic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibacterial" title=" antibacterial"> antibacterial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MOE%20docking" title=" MOE docking"> MOE docking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thiazolopyrimidine" title=" thiazolopyrimidine"> thiazolopyrimidine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24188/synthesis-molecular-docking-and-biological-evaluation-of-thiazolopyrimidine-carboxylates-as-potential-antidiabetic-and-antibacterial-agents" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24188.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">458</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11283</span> Broad Protection against Avian Influenza Virus by Using a Modified Vaccinia Ankara Virus Expressing a Mosaic Hemagglutinin </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Attapon%20Kamlangdee">Attapon Kamlangdee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brock%20Kingstad-Bakke"> Brock Kingstad-Bakke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tavis%20K.%20Anderson"> Tavis K. Anderson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tony%20L.%20Goldberg"> Tony L. Goldberg</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jorge%20E.%20Osorio"> Jorge E. Osorio</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A critical failure in our preparedness for an influenza pandemic is the lack of a universal vaccine. Influenza virus strains diverge by 1 to 2% per year, and commercially available vaccines often do not elicit protection from one year to the next, necessitating frequent formulation changes. This represents a major challenge to the development of a cross-protective vaccine that can protect against circulating viral antigenic diversity. We have constructed a recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) that expresses an H5N1 mosaic hemagglutinin (H5M) (MVA-H5M). This mosaic was generated in silico using 2,145 field-sourced H5N1 isolates. A single dose of MVA-H5M provided 100% protection in mice against clade 0, 1, and 2 avian influenza viruses and also protected against seasonal H1N1 virus (A/Puerto Rico/8/34). It also provided short-term (10 days) and long-term (6 months) protection post vaccination. Both neutralizing antibodies and antigen-specific CD4+and CD8+ T cells were still detected at 5 months post vaccination, suggesting that MVA-H5M provides long-lasting immunity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modified%20vaccinia%20Ankara" title="modified vaccinia Ankara">modified vaccinia Ankara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MVA" title=" MVA"> MVA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H5N1" title=" H5N1"> H5N1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hemagglutinin" title=" hemagglutinin"> hemagglutinin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=influenza%20vaccine" title=" influenza vaccine"> influenza vaccine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35873/broad-protection-against-avian-influenza-virus-by-using-a-modified-vaccinia-ankara-virus-expressing-a-mosaic-hemagglutinin" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35873.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">279</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11282</span> Qualitative Meta-analysis of ICT4D Implementations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Miftah%20Hassen%20Jemal">Miftah Hassen Jemal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Solomon%20Negash"> Solomon Negash</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study focuses on undertaking a qualitative meta-analysis of qualitative studies conducted on ICT4D implementations. The interpretive approach of synthesis of the interpretation of qualitative studies is adopted to guide the whole process of the study. The traditional criteria of trustworthiness of qualitative studies in terms of transferability, consistency, and credibility are used as quality metrics of the output of the interpretive synthesis process. The findings of the study are anticipated to be of value for policymakers in providing guidance to decisions related to ICT4D implementations. The study is also anticipated to have contributions to research by extracting valuable insights from extant literature and identifying potential areas that warrant further investigation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ICT4D%20implementations" title="ICT4D implementations">ICT4D implementations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interpretive%20synthesis" title=" interpretive synthesis"> interpretive synthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=qualitative%20meta-analysis" title=" qualitative meta-analysis"> qualitative meta-analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=qualitative%20studies" title=" qualitative studies"> qualitative studies</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161060/qualitative-meta-analysis-of-ict4d-implementations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161060.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">155</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11281</span> The Performance of Modern Eugenics: Ballroom of the Skies as a Method of Understanding American Social Eugenics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Stokes">Michael Stokes</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Using a disability studies approach, this paper analyzes the American science fiction novel Ballroom of the Skies as way to address and access narratives of American exceptionalism in relation to global struggle. Combined with a critical race studies analysis of identity and cultural practice, this essay seeks to find parallels between the treatment of disability and the treatment of the racialized body in literature to forcibly reread potential for multiple assemblages of identity in the speculated futures of science fiction. Thinking through this relationship, the essay constructs a thematic understanding of social eugenics as practiced in American culture. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disability%20studies" title="disability studies">disability studies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=science%20fiction" title=" science fiction"> science fiction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eugenics" title=" eugenics"> eugenics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural%20studies" title=" cultural studies"> cultural studies</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76999/the-performance-of-modern-eugenics-ballroom-of-the-skies-as-a-method-of-understanding-american-social-eugenics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76999.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">251</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11280</span> Cellular Mechanisms Involved in the Radiosensitization of Breast- and Lung Cancer Cells by Agents Targeting Microtubule Dynamics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elsie%20M.%20Nolte">Elsie M. Nolte</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Annie%20M.%20Joubert"> Annie M. Joubert</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roy%20Lakier"> Roy Lakier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryke%20Etsebeth"> Maryke Etsebeth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jolene%20M.%20Helena"> Jolene M. Helena</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marcel%20Verwey"> Marcel Verwey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laurence%20Lafanechere"> Laurence Lafanechere</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anne%20E.%20Theron"> Anne E. Theron</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Treatment regimens for breast- and lung cancers may include both radiation- and chemotherapy. Ideally, a pharmaceutical agent which selectively sensitizes cancer cells to gamma (γ)-radiation would allow administration of lower doses of each modality, yielding synergistic anti-cancer benefits and lower metastasis occurrence, in addition to decreasing the side-effect profiles. A range of 2-methoxyestradiol (2-ME) analogues, namely 2-ethyl-3-O-sulphamoyl-estra-1,3,5 (10) 15-tetraene-3-ol-17one (ESE-15-one), 2-ethyl-3-O-sulphamoyl-estra-1,3,5(10),15-tetraen-17-ol (ESE-15-ol) and 2-ethyl-3-O-sulphamoyl-estra-1,3,5(10)16-tetraene (ESE-16) were in silico-designed by our laboratory, with the aim of improving the parent compound’s bioavailability in vivo. The main effect of these compounds is the disruption of microtubule dynamics with a resultant mitotic accumulation and induction of programmed cell death in various cancer cell lines. This in vitro study aimed to determine the cellular responses involved in the radiation sensitization effects of these analogues at low doses in breast- and lung cancer cell lines. The oestrogen receptor positive MCF-7-, oestrogen receptor negative MDA-MB-231- and triple negative BT-20 breast cancer cell lines as well as the A549 lung cancer cell line were used. The minimal compound- and radiation doses able to induce apoptosis were determined using annexin-V and cell cycle progression markers. These doses (cell line dependent) were used to pre-sensitize the cancer cells 24 hours prior to 6 gray (Gy) radiation. Experiments were conducted on samples exposed to the individual- as well as the combination treatment conditions in order to determine whether the combination treatment yielded an additive cell death response. Morphological studies included light-, fluorescence- and transmission electron microscopy. Apoptosis induction was determined by flow cytometry employing annexin V, cell cycle analysis, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) signalling, as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Clonogenic studies were performed by allowing colony formation for 10 days post radiation. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage was quantified via γ-H2AX foci and micronuclei quantification. Amplification of the p53 signalling pathway was determined by western blot. Results indicated that exposing breast- and lung cancer cells to nanomolar concentrations of these analogues 24 hours prior to γ-radiation induced more cell death than the compound- and radiation treatments alone. Hypercondensed chromatin, decreased cell density, a damaged cytoskeleton and an increase in apoptotic body formation were observed in cells exposed to the combination treatment condition. An increased number of cells present in the sub-G1 phase as well as increased annexin-V staining, elevation of ROS formation and decreased Bcl-2 signalling confirmed the additive effect of the combination treatment. In addition, colony formation decreased significantly. p53 signalling pathways were significantly amplified in cells exposed to the analogues 24 hours prior to radiation, as was the amount of DNA damage. In conclusion, our results indicated that pre-treatment of breast- and lung cancer cells with low doses of 2-ME analogues sensitized breast- and lung cancer cells to γ-radiation and induced apoptosis more so than the individual treatments alone. Future studies will focus on the effect of the combination treatment on non-malignant cellular counterparts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cancer" title="cancer">cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microtubule%20dynamics" title=" microtubule dynamics"> microtubule dynamics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation%20therapy" title=" radiation therapy"> radiation therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiosensitization" title=" radiosensitization"> radiosensitization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52137/cellular-mechanisms-involved-in-the-radiosensitization-of-breast-and-lung-cancer-cells-by-agents-targeting-microtubule-dynamics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52137.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">207</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11279</span> Improving Efficiency and Effectiveness of FMEA Studies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joshua%20Loiselle">Joshua Loiselle</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper discusses the challenges engineering teams face in conducting Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) studies. This paper focuses on the specific topic of improving the efficiency and effectiveness of FMEA studies. Modern economic needs and increased business competition require engineers to constantly develop newer and better solutions within shorter timeframes and tighter margins. In addition, documentation requirements for meeting standards/regulatory compliance and customer needs are becoming increasingly complex and verbose. Managing open actions and continuous improvement activities across all projects, product variations, and processes in addition to daily engineering tasks is cumbersome, time consuming, and is susceptible to errors, omissions, and non-conformances. FMEA studies are proven methods for improving products and processes while subsequently reducing engineering workload and improving machine and resource availability through a pre-emptive, systematic approach of identifying, analyzing, and improving high-risk components. If implemented correctly, FMEA studies significantly reduce costs and improve productivity. However, the value of an effective FMEA is often shrouded by a lack of clarity and structure, misconceptions, and previous experiences and, as such, FMEA studies are frequently grouped with the other required information and documented retrospectively in preparation of customer requirements or audits. Performing studies in this way only adds cost to a project and perpetuates the misnomer that FMEA studies are not value-added activities. This paper discusses the benefits of effective FMEA studies, the challenges related to conducting FMEA studies, best practices for efficiently overcoming challenges via structure and automation, and the benefits of implementing those practices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FMEA" title="FMEA">FMEA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality" title=" quality"> quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=APQP" title=" APQP"> APQP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PPAP" title=" PPAP"> PPAP</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10209/improving-efficiency-and-effectiveness-of-fmea-studies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10209.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">304</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11278</span> Targeting Tumour Survival and Angiogenic Migration after Radiosensitization with an Estrone Analogue in an in vitro Bone Metastasis Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jolene%20M.%20Helena">Jolene M. Helena</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Annie%20M.%20Joubert"> Annie M. Joubert</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peace%20Mabeta"> Peace Mabeta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Magdalena%20Coetzee"> Magdalena Coetzee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roy%20Lakier"> Roy Lakier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anne%20E.%20Mercier"> Anne E. Mercier</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Targeting the distant tumour and its microenvironment whilst preserving bone density is important in improving the outcomes of patients with bone metastases. 2-Ethyl-3-O-sulphamoyl-estra1,3,5(10)16-tetraene (ESE-16) is an in-silico-designed 2- methoxyestradiol analogue which aimed at enhancing the parent compound’s cytotoxicity and providing a more favourable pharmacokinetic profile. In this study, the potential radiosensitization effects of ESE-16 were investigated in an in vitro bone metastasis model consisting of murine pre-osteoblastic (MC3T3-E1) and pre-osteoclastic (RAW 264.7) bone cells, metastatic prostate (DU 145) and breast (MDA-MB-231) cancer cells, as well as human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Cytotoxicity studies were conducted on all cell lines via spectrophotometric quantification of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide. The experimental set-up consisted of flow cytometric analysis of cell cycle progression and apoptosis detection (Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate) to determine the lowest ESE-16 and radiation doses to induce apoptosis and significantly reduce cell viability. Subsequent experiments entailed a 24-hour low-dose ESE-16-exposure followed by a single dose of radiation. Termination proceeded 2, 24 or 48 hours thereafter. The effect of the combination treatment was investigated on osteoclasts via tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity- and actin ring formation assays. Tumour cell experiments included investigation of mitotic indices via haematoxylin and eosin staining; pro-apoptotic signalling via spectrophotometric quantification of caspase 3; deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage via micronuclei analysis and histone H2A.X phosphorylation (γ-H2A.X); and Western blot analyses of bone morphogenetic protein-7 and matrix metalloproteinase-9. HUVEC experiments included flow cytometric quantification of cell cycle progression and free radical production; fluorescent examination of cytoskeletal morphology; invasion and migration studies on an xCELLigence platform; and Western blot analyses of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 and 2. Tumour cells yielded half-maximal growth inhibitory concentration (GI50) values in the nanomolar range. ESE-16 concentrations of 235 nM (DU 145) and 176 nM (MDA-MB-231) and a radiation dose of 4 Gy were found to be significant in cell cycle and apoptosis experiments. Bone and endothelial cells were exposed to the same doses as DU 145 cells. Cytotoxicity studies on bone cells reported that RAW 264.7 cells were more sensitive to the combination treatment than MC3T3-E1 cells. Mature osteoclasts were more sensitive than pre-osteoclasts with respect to TRAP activity. However, actin ring morphology was retained. The mitotic arrest was evident in tumour and endothelial cells in the mitotic index and cell cycle experiments. Increased caspase 3 activity and superoxide production indicated pro-apoptotic signalling in tumour and endothelial cells. Increased micronuclei numbers and γ-H2A.X foci indicated increased DNA damage in tumour cells. Compromised actin and tubulin morphologies and decreased invasion and migration were observed in endothelial cells. Western blot analyses revealed reduced metastatic and angiogenic signalling. ESE-16-induced radiosensitization inhibits metastatic signalling and tumour cell survival whilst preferentially preserving bone cells. This low-dose combination treatment strategy may promote the quality of life of patients with metastatic bone disease. Future studies will include 3-dimensional in-vitro and murine in-vivo models. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=angiogenesis" title="angiogenesis">angiogenesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apoptosis" title=" apoptosis"> apoptosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bone%20metastasis" title=" bone metastasis"> bone metastasis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cancer" title=" cancer"> cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cell%20migration" title=" cell migration"> cell migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytoskeleton" title=" cytoskeleton"> cytoskeleton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DNA%20damage" title=" DNA damage"> DNA damage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ESE-16" title=" ESE-16"> ESE-16</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiosensitization." title=" radiosensitization."> radiosensitization.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102128/targeting-tumour-survival-and-angiogenic-migration-after-radiosensitization-with-an-estrone-analogue-in-an-in-vitro-bone-metastasis-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102128.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">162</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11277</span> The Attitudinal Development of Nigerian Children: The Role of Social Studies in the 21st Century</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Agogo%20Agnes">Agogo Agnes</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An attempt was made in the paper to x-ray the progressive and systematic development of the Nigerian child vis-a-vis the role of social studies as a discipline in the 21st century. An indepth explanation was equally made with regards to the commitment and role of teachers in both cognitive and social modification of the attitude of the Nigerian child. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20studies" title="social studies">social studies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=systematic%20development" title=" systematic development"> systematic development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20skills" title=" social skills"> social skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vis-a-vis" title=" vis-a-vis"> vis-a-vis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34374/the-attitudinal-development-of-nigerian-children-the-role-of-social-studies-in-the-21st-century" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34374.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">420</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11276</span> Synthesis, Spectral, Thermal, Optical and Dielectric Studies of Some Organic Arylidene Derivatives</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Sathiyamoorthi">S. Sathiyamoorthi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Srinivasan"> P. Srinivasan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Suganya%20Devi"> K. Suganya Devi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Arylidene derivatives are the subclass of chalcone derivatives. Chalcone derivatives are studied widely for the past decade because of its nonlinearity. To seek new organic group of crystals which suit for fabrication of optical devices, three-member organic arylidene crystals were synthesized by using Claisen–Schmidt condensation reaction. Good quality crystals were grown by slow evaporation method. Functional groups were identified by FT-IR and FT-Raman spectrum. Optical transparency and optical band gap were determined by UV-Vis-IR studies. Thermal stability and melting point were calculated using TGA and DSC. Variation of dielectric loss and dielectric constant with frequency were calculated by dielectric measurement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DSC%20and%20TGA%20studies" title="DSC and TGA studies">DSC and TGA studies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20optic%20studies" title=" nonlinear optic studies"> nonlinear optic studies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fourier%20Transform%20Infrared%20Spectroscopy" title=" Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy"> Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UV-vis-NIR%20spectra" title=" UV-vis-NIR spectra"> UV-vis-NIR spectra</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67546/synthesis-spectral-thermal-optical-and-dielectric-studies-of-some-organic-arylidene-derivatives" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67546.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">321</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11275</span> Naturally Occurring Chemicals in Biopesticides' Resistance Control through Molecular Topology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Riccardo%20Zanni">Riccardo Zanni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Galvez-Llompart"> Maria Galvez-Llompart</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramon%20Garcia-Domenech"> Ramon Garcia-Domenech</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jorge%20Galvez"> Jorge Galvez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Biopesticides, such as naturally occurring chemicals, pheromones, fungi, bacteria and insect predators are often a winning choice in crop protection because of their environmental friendly profile. They are considered to have lower toxicity than traditional pesticides. After almost a century of pesticides use, resistances to traditional insecticides are wide spread, while those to bioinsecticides have raised less attention, and resistance management is frequently neglected. This seems to be a crucial mistake since resistances have already occurred for many marketed biopesticides. With an eye to the future, we present here a selection of new natural occurring chemicals as potential bioinsecticides. The molecules were selected using a consolidated mathematical paradigm called molecular topology. Several QSAR equations were depicted and subsequently applied for the virtual screening of hundred thousands molecules of natural origin, which resulted in the selection of new potential bioinsecticides. The most innovative aspect of this work does not only reside in the importance of the identification of new molecules overcoming biopesticides’ resistances, but on the possibility to promote shared knowledge in the field of green chemistry through this unique in silico discipline named molecular topology. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20chemistry" title="green chemistry">green chemistry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=QSAR" title=" QSAR"> QSAR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20topology" title=" molecular topology"> molecular topology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biopesticide" title=" biopesticide"> biopesticide</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60275/naturally-occurring-chemicals-in-biopesticides-resistance-control-through-molecular-topology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60275.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">314</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11274</span> Film Studies: Definition, Current Status, and Future Perspectives for Cuba</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carlos%20Guillermo%20Lloga%20Sanz">Carlos Guillermo Lloga Sanz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20del%20Carmen%20Tamayo%20Asef"> Maria del Carmen Tamayo Asef</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> As an object of study in Cuban universities, cinema is still in its infancy. This is relevant considering the significance of cinema within the local political culture and its impact on countries of the region. Discussions about the medium have been carried out mainly in the field of film criticism. The objective of this article is to reflect on the divergences between film studies and film criticism taking into account formal and theoretical features and to explore the transcendence of this debate for the intellectual ambiance of the Island. Methodologically, the study relies on theoretical elaborations based on literature review and non-structure interviews with Cuban film critics and scholars. The study finds that the gradation proposed by the Anglo-Saxon tradition, where film studies are considered a “higher stage," compared to criticism and cinephilia, does not apply to the Cuban space. Instead, to assess the state of reflection on cinema in Cuba, it is essential to consider it a starry node traversed by epistemic, institutional, and geopolitical matrices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=film%20studies" title="film studies">film studies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=film%20criticism" title=" film criticism"> film criticism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cuban%20cinema" title=" Cuban cinema"> Cuban cinema</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cuban%20film%20studies" title=" Cuban film studies"> Cuban film studies</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152140/film-studies-definition-current-status-and-future-perspectives-for-cuba" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152140.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">99</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11273</span> A Systematic Review Examining the Experimental methodology behind in vivo testing of hiatus hernia and Diaphragmatic Hernia Mesh</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Whitehead-Clarke%20T.">Whitehead-Clarke T.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Beynon%20V."> Beynon V.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Banks%20J."> Banks J.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karanjia%20R."> Karanjia R.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mudera%20V."> Mudera V.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Windsor%20A."> Windsor A.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kureshi%20A."> Kureshi A.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Mesh implants are regularly used to help repair both hiatus hernias (HH) and diaphragmatic hernias (DH). In vivo studies are used to test not only mesh safety but increasingly comparative efficacy. Our work examines the field of in vivo mesh testing for HH and DH models to establish current practices and standards. Method: This systematic review was registered with PROSPERO. Medline and Embase databases were searched for relevant in vivo studies. 44 articles were identified and underwent abstract review, where 22 were excluded. 4 further studies were excluded after full text review – leaving 18 to undergo data extraction. Results: Of 18 studies identified, 9 used an in vivo HH model and 9 a DH model. 5 studies undertook mechanical testing on tissue samples – all uniaxial in nature. Testing strip widths ranged from 1-20mm (median 3mm). Testing speeds varied from 1.5-60mm/minute. Upon histology, the most commonly assessed structural and cellular factors were neovascularization and macrophages, respectively (n=9 each). Structural analysis was mostly qualitative, where cellular analysis was equally likely to be quantitative. 11 studies assessed adhesion formation, of which 8 used one of four scoring systems. 8 studies measured mesh shrinkage. Discussion: In vivo studies assessing mesh for HH and DH repair are uncommon. Within this relatively young field, we encourage surgical and materials testing institutions to discuss its standardisation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hiatus" title="hiatus">hiatus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diaphragmatic" title=" diaphragmatic"> diaphragmatic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hernia" title=" hernia"> hernia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mesh" title=" mesh"> mesh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=materials%20testing" title=" materials testing"> materials testing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in%20vivo" title=" in vivo"> in vivo</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141777/a-systematic-review-examining-the-experimental-methodology-behind-in-vivo-testing-of-hiatus-hernia-and-diaphragmatic-hernia-mesh" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141777.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">214</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11272</span> Evaluation of Social Studies Curriculum Implementation of Bachelor of Education Degree in Colleges of Education in Southwestern Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20A.%20Adesoji">F. A. Adesoji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20A.%20Ayandele"> A. A. Ayandele</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There has been a concern over non-responsiveness of educational programme in Nigeria’s higher institutions to adequately meet social needs. The study, therefore, investigated the effectiveness of basic elements of the Social Studies Curriculum, the contributions of the Teacher–Related Variables (TRV) such as qualification, area of specialization, teaching experience, teaching methods, gender and teaching facilities to the implementation of the curriculum (IOC) in the Colleges of Education (COEs). The study adopted the descriptive survey design. Four COEs in Oyo, Osun, Ondo and Lagos States were purposively selected. Stratified sampling technique was used to select 455 Social Studies students and 47 Social Studies lecturers. Stakeholders’ Perception of Social Studies Curriculum (r = 0.86), Social Studies Curriculum Resources scale (r = 0.78) and Social Studies Basic Concepts Test (r = 0.78) were used for data collection. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, multiple regression, and t-test at 0.05 level of significance. COEs teachers and students rated the elements of the curriculum to be effective with mean scores x̄ =3.02 and x̄ =2.80 respectively; x̄ =5.00 and x̄ = 2.50 being the maximum and minimum mean scores. The finding showed average level of availability (x̄ =1.60), adequacy (x̄ =1.55) and utilization (x̄ =1.64) of teaching materials, x̄ =3.00 and x̄ =1.50 being maximum and minimum mean scores respectively. Academic performance of the students is on average with the mean score of x̄ =51.4775 out of maximum mean score of x̄ =100. The TRV and teaching facilities had significant composite contribution to IOC (F (6,45) = 3.92:R² = 0.26) with 39% contributions to the variance of IOC. Area of specialization (β= 29, t = 2.05) and teaching facilities (β = -25, t = 1.181) contributed significantly. The implementation of bachelor degree in Social Studies curriculum was effective in the colleges of education. There is the need to beef-up the provision of facilities to improve the implementation of the curriculum. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bachelor%20degree%20in%20social%20studies" title="bachelor degree in social studies">bachelor degree in social studies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=colleges%20of%20education%20in%20southwestern%20Nigeria" title=" colleges of education in southwestern Nigeria"> colleges of education in southwestern Nigeria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curriculum%20implementation" title=" curriculum implementation"> curriculum implementation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20studies%20curriculum" title=" social studies curriculum"> social studies curriculum</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73006/evaluation-of-social-studies-curriculum-implementation-of-bachelor-of-education-degree-in-colleges-of-education-in-southwestern-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73006.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">389</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11271</span> Immunostimulatory Response of Supplement Feed in Fish against Aeromonas hydrophila</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shikha%20Rani">Shikha Rani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neeta%20Sehgal"> Neeta Sehgal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vipin%20Kumar%20Verma"> Vipin Kumar Verma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Om%20Prakash"> Om Prakash</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Fish is an important protein source for humans and has great economic value. Fish cultures are affected due to various anthropogenic activities that lead to bacterial and viral infections. Aeromonas hydrophila is a fish pathogenic bacterium that causes several aquaculture outbreaks throughout the world and leads to huge mortalities. In this study, plants of no commercial value were used to investigate their immunostimulatory, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, and disease resistance potential in fish against Aeromonas hydrophila, through fish feed fortification. Methods: The plant was dried at room temperature in the shade, dissolved in methanol, and analysed for biological compounds through GC-MS/MS. DPPH, FRAP, Phenolic, and flavonoids were estimated following standardized protocols. In silico molecular docking was also performed to validate its broad-spectrum activities based on binding affinity with specific proteins. Fish were divided into four groups (n=6; total 30 in a group): Group 1, non-challenged fish (fed on a non-supplemented diet); Group 2, fish challenged with bacteria (fed on a non-supplemented diet); Group 3 and 4, fish challenged with bacteria (A. hydrophila) and fed on plant supplemented feed at 2.5% and 5%. Blood was collected from the fish on 0, 7th, 14th, 21st, and 28th days. Serum was separated for glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), alkaline phosphatase assay (ALP), lysozyme activity assay, superoxide dismutase assay (SOD), lipid peroxidation assay (LPO) and molecular parameters (including cytokine levels) were estimated through ELISA. The phagocytic activity of macrophages from the spleen and head kidney, along with quantitative analysis of immune-related genes, were analysed in different tissue samples. The digestive enzymes (Pepsin, Trypsin, and Chymotrypsin) were also measured to evaluate the effect of plant-supplemented feed on freshwater fish. Results and Discussion: GC-MS/MS analysis of a methanolic extract of plant validated the presence of key compounds having antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory activities along with disease resistance properties. From biochemical investigations like ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP, the amount of total flavonoids, phenols, and promising binding affinities towards different proteins in molecular docking analysis helped us to realize the potential of this plant that can be used for investigation in the supplemented feed of fish. Measurement liver function tests, ALPs, oxidation-antioxidant enzyme concentrations, and immunoglobulin concentrations in the experimental groups (3 and 4) showed significant improvement as compared to the positive control group. The histopathological evaluation of the liver, spleen, and head kidney supports the biochemical findings. The isolated macrophages from the group fed on supplemented feed showed a higher percentage of phagocytosis and a phagocytic index, indicating an enhanced cell-mediated immune response. Significant improvements in digestive enzymes were also observed in fish fed on supplemented feed, even after weekly challenges with bacteria. Hence, the plant-fortified feed can be recommended as a regular feed to enhance fish immunity and disease resistance against the Aeromonas hydrophila infection after confirmation from the field trial. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immunostimulation" title="immunostimulation">immunostimulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antipathogen" title=" antipathogen"> antipathogen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plant%20fortified%20feed" title=" plant fortified feed"> plant fortified feed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macrophages" title=" macrophages"> macrophages</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GC-MS%2FMS" title=" GC-MS/MS"> GC-MS/MS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in%20silico%20molecular%20docking" title=" in silico molecular docking"> in silico molecular docking</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161348/immunostimulatory-response-of-supplement-feed-in-fish-against-aeromonas-hydrophila" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161348.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">84</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in%20silico%20studies&page=4" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in%20silico%20studies&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in%20silico%20studies&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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