CINXE.COM

Just a moment...

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9134ba88693efdca',cH: 'kl0xoYvmdY76T.ag_oxIEJv.DHUWzV91IQsfuFAk2eU-1739784311-1.2.1.1-cNGiAih1ucHIH1k1lU0ETYFD.tW0swkcU05MpdJfrglRMMWeIEGdLo218Ao3wCTq',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=seismic%20design&__cf_chl_tk=WQpji2f5j0I_UK6ibQGAGxPcH0hxSeDbRPb44DGiewg-1739784311-1.0.1.1-GZzA4gj5aJEG30RVvtZ8G4WtGzie5KCBX4vHVOiCroY",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739784311',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=seismic%20design&__cf_chl_f_tk=WQpji2f5j0I_UK6ibQGAGxPcH0hxSeDbRPb44DGiewg-1739784311-1.0.1.1-GZzA4gj5aJEG30RVvtZ8G4WtGzie5KCBX4vHVOiCroY",md: "a_Bw1bMGChwjN54J4Zgyuir5elLqQgjSaEOAiQ5QDug-1739784311-1.2.1.1-Xm4DDcOtwj_NH9niAXigdsiGZXeNJWORNQj_LcqPY0DdtSl0UdsyK0bVK7zhDCeCfxz7SQQlDcKG1Y.8bzTBxnV3uorL1kbaVxxZCiJZiC_18UB.sriySAAN4xnx9VAFujOXC6GVeX.AVlUzaqWDz_h4vvqLtjc3sydcbPCE_gPEqC2B_ftWTQyoa5HqdW3b3l.xSvum3PTGGku9ZRa2a7ERnzQGGLgi8.0xw_P42kC3cqu0F3XUrgGxc0jHHo8haNpaWGNS_a29l2iWU5oUYdRSeXWlcEcWbvBKHKvuspx8DWQCKGpnZOivqyMI8eWQeOqIESilSb46L5stwktO1erTwWid1GWvWrXWL5b_Li7G55r0EJLFA7rie0BxCO0kvBCPTraXuSx911NjhTz3rExBkzJh1X08ToBm0hJBUofePkEcZNqUVuFYaz9ChnznkjwEgudcRRMURSZasw3sE8JgmEA3PYkztqfM3JV8VcqWZtRpOKUVASQbczQQd0sYwFi01t_PrRvmP9Kp00zHZbVIakRRrhKlgrh7819X9jsb2k.qgpWUFBjQHvcZlDVRCJesZslp4LVCCt5aUtLjPxZ_vW.i7luWhG989AULvll_pbYJQaJ5KbO64ks3aMRlTD38oDYBBCtmd0ZmIs58Jmco8Xmc744da4MUk1HRasbUriauLuoo8EUXBlGvFt_S9skX8qG2M0HnyV3WHN8JQu9kg5VT9doqS1eX.6maqx7Yj4.v0hu0sel_JpcCPSklLVlto04pUyzNLqjRwtjasM8geqNQdFPGBEx8ZacomponbG5ztRjmtT6HLyuPvc_FW4QWO6IghxKD07ufSgEsP.sBcj3L18xJGypWfOunS3FAahspzEZNSc2GJlvhwBqEnRj7zb30ZQsb9xfV9cvVex2vkYehk_HXw9u3b8zggownhslsTj_9qe_.HZuco9JNh6l.rcUlowUKIWmCkOHHWeqz48yOCy39lM2MjwghLuk5MMBh9OsyRvCxioIPY9xb6mSRHDDKuT_zzWn8i8i12NNDE9Nx6pDqGbqlh31K90I.KetU_AH5jn5OdJ1_dUsTrVE6cAHm6ydcBiYM57rKQYnOkJiI8lWzZ4UuBQw3s5EAHOCNqFIdJATwKo66fvmetvuI1B8BoYL2e9Fv7GQsgbIiKEuo1bBlpfocY9YQcYcH8ZawtqiR17m2CaIixLI8WN1DWnh_zsIx5IZHGDJxq9op_bgmhUvFZxWmLwQ7ob.pzkjUomWlMmoUqqotrNVVFCYUYqNmOHLXfkiqYeDWCmTg9RS7Bm1tNV54EI1xcf83wZJTzbXHQihVPoHjF6clP.yDZXSzi1otYQO.Pf_Hf.jmvKqUNIbxS.r9kfgkRgzaTmfzSThzlhNAsKIrvn7cLUseD0AecX4xH.dTKQfRA9TpOwr3CYyujMimn__ZxQkJoJnfJUTiBDyK._dZMV4yUJQXzVRgSnIaN1rUAj5uwAN02NzlGVkJmN.J9YyqYBubHkjso2wrff4HKV7hbLxWnMCWqxalC2dklFANDzmkdnU.gUCUQG4SXqIV2OgOij2mwgeEQ2HqGosyrNSA6nkdYW8kZXyslu7l9klFE4GaooQ0L6LShlkVo.sy7pAUa5HMm_21URsfo5DNKoRPXH_z5x1BbdM2rmP9PggP6Nf.Edd0WNRnhPq_tjeE6BrZ0PLDmbnaWMdDe7bsh.umgR_VYa0fPjreMzK.ucciYsxwrQ6Y42kGVIHYFmMQ6vTWHe3F8ixd2sTttwYLadLZ.Mkvo.pZoQeVhoPoL0PDbL3_S9IGKT3GkBDeSPOJDmw4WRddv.7hBWFgYB6A.mFtW08ZJWgU0UHhHKrAmmDQv_IYY5A1.xipLiPYsl8ZgBo3IS6i2sYupt8zAYNtXiXlcrR4zxJS6er6HkLt6HgDLRmo3vloN0fMbVnu7KB2IxYy8DM",mdrd: "B9vmYYK3kcm6q3s6gQE6t87j2sZV6RUsSI6ojcojUw0-1739784311-1.2.1.1-3SWacyRJAidrB0Yurq19GUqL7IPvGwJn.zF3o6.mba8ZCdOZGw4IaQxGYFmH4gp3jYjDtQKFT9vn38rZP_fjCpnFSPMtw3QTue5Q9mEEhL7dwjU7DaX0vJSV2p5lqJwCnfWvmednVm4yfpYndrFfXt0zpe9ERUJfzx46KhisbPVYvucWmttP44RpMHp5chFOZj47ZSIZH8az3AO3UUZSSvmpeYaEX8ehR4XkHsi6Jc9kwHNX6zox85II5jBpFX8_mi93.SzDqFjnn6n7.E48Ag32XaxkWxUvmqdyvkwfgJyvWAddfVpl4jkcnaJLCCGofjf5zuwjDEB5sQZ0jLWhQCtizyOZhS7.6UzP9o.aqU9_UhVoG4Lk6XO_Hdrk0Gs7mqsVUh6P_FF374qLuYL11EBb6JP7EXTQS4U0Q2Ndjk5y4VvKvUfV5zv9x.Bfw7kxnyHLeMdI39sraQDnY2Q47aPHk8KzV.Wpk8XKARJBrcgRGg5aJoh3KlV0v3XR9yRzu_s_zJDZFWW5RglE4pOhdNcTr9Lhsux.YeAoocwvvhbMq.FieY7jaDAVqtguNVlkhLAeN5.X5jQZJ.47kas8ldI9yohfEMx9MvYBLHzu2IL21at.e_FRU_gRYaVwzEzmlJnzYuEUyZbeUJ9CzQhOC5HNGVKICuvyQ1g0KikYJmtNh.YhE_rhCVfLzTO1uCaxeFDSzXxt.MZ5n3TWs.prcrRHKpUNcHE9X3TxWdt4W1wLHtrAS2cygvCHY6tUKRqfnWI9LHVnxwE0AheU6LYWYc0n8ilyuVZTQywa6.1_DuNSSU9SHFniqp78A.ifxKBCcFQwMAATQt9gWAzeyJ7TTLV367q_7vKwEm81C450diZW.GSja68UAp0f7ftdpOehAp2vQ2MavXHaEI0eFBgPwZwSu1_C5fVpR52jUy0kjM6Q13Gl8NNwPnVMuV6M0fLcED80aNF_70lBlq1uUbIuVR8XXOxnoBgBlUiy6QPTT5qoDeWaCFWGG4hQ5WsZyx7Od7KuQqkrebxrfYlN5.K..cQpq2wvW8nAvfiUFwWCgQoPGUjWFpzfg_LjAlNYANzvmnV70lPpFa1t9.9HRyKFFZIKZkj8ARcGU_4ipg2qL.zwLHeGf1OpLJ_ptp2TwcQKyJkDzRgPDVuHid_Dxbr.b3RkqrGCHZchBcap1UdpTAovmO6tw61iXqElXDPlb3GMM953pCYFYJ46eRSER4p1ufCZJuz5LOJv.ST1x4iCGBOd_bWCr0iaNvl1urdAPkncJp6xHpuN34skPYhy8PgvP5YEtyFt52v.56Hj4.Ahe4dAP6w8273AZ3V4hNJzQXe15.4.3dioVHmU64NksExte4WewYgNwHfPBQoMZKOurJi9wsesI0lnQGpL2oIJkGYl_GSG.r.5Db0FOi.ln3g3gRD2f4uxdBL4Nok5ax9aXzyR7Nmcug7MOWQd_OP5kaeGmYRiONeznJTPZ1_xLb0Yd41LrfTeUOyQYuoluCuvLQ5PragOboa8guxnXFfDnz2xrcd9sc.w9VKdvlmsLwwbIRh.YlLCa.OHicIPSfSWVntE20GtASqyxzFM05VELvrtEP7yhqeVlN.pc6PCE2g5DroxH5oCYTESH.GbmeneEq8jyoAkJDD7XO4.SElGFY6od3DGyAWf.NwLVD5BYhjqrcsR78ALHJ3cMiVXQb.dByt7ehi3QPyQs.tEauoWMjWz7kKjXCMuQHWY_iFlbJmlVcG_dUBJkkbTAZxJN6Lvb4shls0ar7HWQUHd4j6zWay6Oy5OjYZ4yrOEOnkkvu4tI2yvVsC8ENaEllS3OmwegwZ8I4ST2QZoZlaF8LXjwZyRgQbDbSTgCJrUObtBtSULeJFbn_OWSDa5T_B9bqR9CWAh1OV7icPUq6TE1rq6Wzw7446Rq08uXF5zcqXd.6cVsRk4Q13ltnHVw2HuIbxSOkS9NW0PZfySQw5zYZbuACBQ"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9134ba88693efdca';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=seismic%20design&__cf_chl_rt_tk=WQpji2f5j0I_UK6ibQGAGxPcH0hxSeDbRPb44DGiewg-1739784311-1.0.1.1-GZzA4gj5aJEG30RVvtZ8G4WtGzie5KCBX4vHVOiCroY" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>