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Krieger</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Tommy Krieger"> <meta name="keywords" content="Tommy Krieger"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Tommy Krieger"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 24</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Tommy Krieger</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">24</span> Using Support Vector Machines for Measuring Democracy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tommy%20Krieger">Tommy Krieger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Klaus%20Gruendler"> Klaus Gruendler </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We present a novel approach for measuring democracy, which enables a very detailed and sensitive index. This method is based on Support Vector Machines, a mathematical algorithm for pattern recognition. Our implementation evaluates 188 countries in the period between 1981 and 2011. The Support Vector Machines Democracy Index (SVMDI) is continuously on the 0-1-Interval and robust to variations in the numerical process parameters. The algorithm introduced here can be used for every concept of democracy without additional adjustments, and due to its flexibility it is also a valuable tool for comparison studies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=democracy" title="democracy">democracy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=democracy%20index" title=" democracy index"> democracy index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20learning" title=" machine learning"> machine learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=support%20vector%20machines" title=" support vector machines"> support vector machines</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31697/using-support-vector-machines-for-measuring-democracy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31697.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">379</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">23</span> Rheological and Morphological Properties of Investment Casting Pattern Material Based on Paraffin Wax Fortified with Linear Low-Density Polyethylene and Filled with Poly Methyl Methacrylate</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Robert%20Kimutai%20Tewo">Robert Kimutai Tewo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hilary%20Limo%20Rutto"> Hilary Limo Rutto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tumisang%20Seodigeng"> Tumisang Seodigeng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The rheological and morphological properties of paraffin wax, linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE), and poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) microbeads formulations were prepared via an extrusion process. The blends were characterized by rheometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The results indicated that the viscosity of the blends increased as compared to that of neat wax. SEM confirmed that LLDPE alters the wax crystal habit at higher concentrations. The rheological experimental data fitted with predicted data using the modified Krieger and Dougherty expression. The SEM micrograph of wax/LLDPE/PMMA revealed a near-perfect spherical nature for the filler particles in the wax/EVA polymer matrix. The FT-IR spectra show the deformation vibrations stretch of a long-chain aliphatic hydrocarbon (C-H) and also the presence of carbonyls absorption group denoted by -C=O- stretch. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=investment%20casting%20pattern" title="investment casting pattern">investment casting pattern</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=paraffin%20wax" title=" paraffin wax"> paraffin wax</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LLDPE" title=" LLDPE"> LLDPE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PMMA" title=" PMMA"> PMMA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rheological%20properties" title=" rheological properties"> rheological properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modified%20Krieger%20and%20Dougherty%20expression" title=" modified Krieger and Dougherty expression"> modified Krieger and Dougherty expression</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116320/rheological-and-morphological-properties-of-investment-casting-pattern-material-based-on-paraffin-wax-fortified-with-linear-low-density-polyethylene-and-filled-with-poly-methyl-methacrylate" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116320.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">170</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">22</span> The “Prologue” in Tommy Orange’S There, There: Reinventing the Introductory Section</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kristin%20Murray">Kristin Murray</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The proposed paper exams prologues in 20th and 21st century American literature in order to show how Native American writer Tommy Orange’s Prologue in his 2018 novel There, Thereis different. In an interview about his 2018 novel There, There, explains he feels “a kind of burden to catch the general reader up with what really happened, because history has got it so wrong and still continue to” (Laubernds). Orange, thus, includes a “Prologue” in his novel to do this work, catching readers upon Native Americans and their history. Prologues are usually from the narrator’s voice, a character’s voice, or even from a fictionalized version of the author, but the tone of Orange’s “Prologue” is that of a non-fictional first-person essayist. Examining prologues in American literature posits Orange’s prologue outside the norm. This paper also examines other introductory sections, the preface, in particular. The research and examination reveal that Orange is adding his personal voice in the Prologue to the multiple narratorsof the novel, and his is the voice of a writer who knows that his audience comes to his novel with a plethora of misinformation. The truths he tells are horrifying and hopeful. He tells of Thanksgiving as a “land deal” and a “successful massacre,” but he also tellsreaders how urban Indians have found a sense of the land, even through concrete. Native American writers contributed and still contribute to the genre of autobiography in ways that have changed our understanding of this genre. This examination of Orange’s Prologue reveals the new and unexpected way to view this often under-examined introductory section, the prologue. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=native%20american%20literature" title="native american literature">native american literature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prologues" title=" prologues"> prologues</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prefaces" title=" prefaces"> prefaces</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=20th%20century%20american%20literature" title=" 20th century american literature"> 20th century american literature</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132119/the-prologue-in-tommy-oranges-there-there-reinventing-the-introductory-section" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132119.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">181</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">21</span> Experimental Study of CO₂ Hydrate Formation in Presence of Different Promotors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samaneh%20Soroush">Samaneh Soroush</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tommy%20Golczynski"> Tommy Golczynski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tony%20Spratt"> Tony Spratt</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the new technologies for CO₂ capture, storage, and utilization (CCSU) is forming clathrate hydrate. This technology has some unknowns and challenges that make it difficult to apply in the real world. The low formation rate is one of the main difficulties of CO₂ hydrate. In this work, the effect of different promotors on the hydrate formation rate has been studied. Two surfactants, sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), tetra-n-butylammonium bromide (TBAB), and cyclopentane (CP) as a thermodynamic promotor and their combination have been used for the experiments. The results showed that the SDS is a powerful kinetic promotor and its combination with CP helps to convert more CO₂ to hydrate in a short time. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20capture" title="carbon capture">carbon capture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbon%20dioxide" title=" carbon dioxide"> carbon dioxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrate" title=" hydrate"> hydrate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=promotor" title=" promotor"> promotor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139412/experimental-study-of-co2-hydrate-formation-in-presence-of-different-promotors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/139412.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">256</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">20</span> On the Effect of Immigration on Destination: Country Corruption</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eugen%20Dimant">Eugen Dimant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tim%20Krieger"> Tim Krieger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Margarete%20Redlin"> Margarete Redlin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper analyzes the impact of migration on destination-country corruption levels. Capitalizing on a comprehensive dataset consisting of annual immigration stocks of OECD coun-tries from 207 countries of origin for the period 1984-2008, we explore different channels through which corruption might migrate. We employ different estimation methods using fixed effects and Tobit regressions in order to validate our findings. What is more, we also address the issue of endogeneity by using the Difference-Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) estimator. Independent of the econometric methodology we consistently find that while general migration has an insignificant effect on the destination country’s corruption level, immigration from corruption-ridden origin countries boosts corruption in the destination country. Our findings provide a more profound understanding of the economic implications associated with migration flows. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corruption" title="corruption">corruption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration" title=" migration"> migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impact%20of%20migration" title=" impact of migration"> impact of migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=destination-country%20corruption" title=" destination-country corruption"> destination-country corruption</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9955/on-the-effect-of-immigration-on-destination-country-corruption" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9955.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">326</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">19</span> Application of Dual-Stage Sugar Substitution Technique in Tommy Atkins Mangoes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rafael%20A.%20B.%20De%20Medeiros">Rafael A. B. De Medeiros</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zilmar%20M.%20P.%20Barros"> Zilmar M. P. Barros</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carlos%20B.%20O.%20De%20Carvalho"> Carlos B. O. De Carvalho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eunice%20G.%20Fraga%20Neta"> Eunice G. Fraga Neta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20I.%20S.%20Maciel"> Maria I. S. Maciel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patricia%20M.%20Azoubel"> Patricia M. Azoubel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of the sugar substitution technique (D3S) in mango was studied. It consisted of two stages and the use of ultrasound in one or both stages was evaluated in terms of water loss and solid gain. Higher water loss results were found subjecting the fruit samples to ultrasound in the first stage followed by immersion of the samples in Stevia-based solution with application of ultrasound in the second stage, while higher solids gain were obtained without application of ultrasound in second stage. Samples were evaluated in terms of total carotenoids content and total color difference. Samples submitted to ultrasound in both D3S stages presented higher carotenoid retention compared to samples sonicated only in the first stage. Color of man goes after the D3S process showed notable changes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mangifera%20indica%20L." title="Mangifera indica L.">Mangifera indica L.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality" title=" quality"> quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stevia%20rebaudiana" title=" Stevia rebaudiana"> Stevia rebaudiana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound" title=" ultrasound"> ultrasound</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43926/application-of-dual-stage-sugar-substitution-technique-in-tommy-atkins-mangoes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43926.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">403</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">18</span> The Effect of Phase Development on Micro-Climate Change of Urban Area</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tommy%20Lo">Tommy Lo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presented the changes in temperature and air ventilation of an inner urban area at different development stages during 2002 to 2012 and the high-rise buildings to be built in 2018. 3D simulation models ENVI-met and Autodesk Falcon were used. The results indicated that replacement of old residence buildings or open space with high-rise buildings will increase the air temperature of inner urban area; the air temperature at the pedestrian level will increase more than that at the upper levels. The temperature of the inner street in future will get higher than that in 2002, 2008 and 2012. It is attributed that heat is trapped in the street canyons as the air permeability at the pedestrian levels is lower. High-rise buildings with massive podium will further reduce the air ventilation in that area. In addition, sufficient separations among buildings is essential in design. High-rise buildings aligned along the waterfront will obstruct the wind flowing into the inner urban area and accelerate the temperature increase both in daytime and night time. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=micro-climate%20change" title="micro-climate change">micro-climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20design" title=" urban design"> urban design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ENVI-met" title=" ENVI-met"> ENVI-met</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction%20engineering" title=" construction engineering"> construction engineering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7224/the-effect-of-phase-development-on-micro-climate-change-of-urban-area" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7224.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">282</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17</span> RFID Laptop Monitoring and Management System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Francis%20E.%20Idachaba">Francis E. Idachaba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarah%20Uyimeh%20Tommy"> Sarah Uyimeh Tommy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper describes the design of an RFID laptop monitoring and management system. Laptops embedded with RFID chips are monitored and tracked to provide a monitoring system for the purpose of tracking as well as monitoring movement of the laptops in and out of a building. The proposed system is implemented with both hardware and software components. The hardware architecture consists of RFID passive tag, RFID module (reader), and a server hosting the application and database. The RFID readers are distributed at major exits of a building or premises. The tags are programmed with owner laptop details are concealed in the laptops. The software architecture consists of application software that has the APIs (Applications Programming Interface) necessary to interface the RFID system with the PC, to achieve automated laptop monitoring system. A friendly graphic user interface (GUI) and a database that saves all readings and owners details. The system is capable of reducing laptop theft especially in students’ hostels as laptops can be monitored as they are taken either in or out of the building. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asset%20tracking" title="asset tracking">asset tracking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GUI" title=" GUI"> GUI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laptop%20monitoring" title=" laptop monitoring"> laptop monitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radio%20frequency%20identification" title=" radio frequency identification"> radio frequency identification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=passive%20tags" title=" passive tags"> passive tags</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2599/rfid-laptop-monitoring-and-management-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2599.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">390</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">16</span> Cultural Traditions Petik Laut and Onjem in Gili Island, Indonesia That Potential as Ecotourism to Bring Indonesia's Culture to the World</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dwi%20Yulian%20Fahruddin%20Shah">Dwi Yulian Fahruddin Shah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mochammad%20Luthfy%20Rizaldy%20Dwi%20Putra"> Mochammad Luthfy Rizaldy Dwi Putra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tommy%20Adi%20Rachmawan"> Tommy Adi Rachmawan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mona%20Annisa%20Matondang"> Mona Annisa Matondang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nadya%20Sylvia"> Nadya Sylvia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hilmy%20Ramzy%20Rinaldy"> Hilmy Ramzy Rinaldy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Gili island is one of the island in Indonesia which is located in Probolinggo city, East Java. Gili Island has some potential culture as local wisdom that can be used as tourism commodity because it can be used as attractive ecotourism. With the ecotourism that utilize local wisdom of Indonesian’s culture that located in Gili can introduce the richness of Indonesian culture in the world that will increase foreign exchange. One of the cultural potential as local wisdom in Gili island are Petik Laut and Onjem. It are a culture in Gili island that can’t be found in other island in Indonesia. Not just that but also it are a cultural identity that is owned by Gili island which has fill the criteria to be used as local wisdom that can be used as ecotourism that can bring Indonesian culture to the world so that the tourists of the world will visit to Indonesia, especially to Gili island to see Petik Laut and Onjem culture directly. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gili%20island" title="Gili island">Gili island</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=petik%20laut%20and%20onjem%20culture" title=" petik laut and onjem culture"> petik laut and onjem culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecotourism" title=" ecotourism"> ecotourism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indonesia%E2%80%99s%20culture" title=" indonesia’s culture"> indonesia’s culture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19752/cultural-traditions-petik-laut-and-onjem-in-gili-island-indonesia-that-potential-as-ecotourism-to-bring-indonesias-culture-to-the-world" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19752.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">557</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">15</span> Influence of the Granular Mixture Properties on the Rheological Properties of Concrete: Yield Stress Determination Using Modified Chateau et al. Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rachid%20Zentar">Rachid Zentar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mokrane%20Bala"> Mokrane Bala</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pascal%20Boustingorry"> Pascal Boustingorry</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The prediction of the rheological behavior of concrete is at the center of current concerns of the concrete industry for different reasons. The shortage of good quality standard materials combined with variable properties of available materials imposes to improve existing models to take into account these variations at the design stage of concrete. The main reasons for improving the predictive models are, of course, saving time and cost at the design stage as well as to optimize concrete performances. In this study, we will highlight the different properties of the granular mixtures that affect the rheological properties of concrete. Our objective is to identify the intrinsic parameters of the aggregates which make it possible to predict the yield stress of concrete. The work was done using two typologies of grains: crushed and rolled aggregates. The experimental results have shown that the rheology of concrete is improved by increasing the packing density of the granular mixture using rolled aggregates. The experimental program realized allowed to model the yield stress of concrete by a modified model of Chateau et al. through a dimensionless parameter following Krieger-Dougherty law. The modelling confirms that the yield stress of concrete depends not only on the properties of cement paste but also on the packing density of the granular skeleton and the shape of grains. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crushed%20aggregates" title="crushed aggregates">crushed aggregates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intrinsic%20viscosity" title=" intrinsic viscosity"> intrinsic viscosity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=packing%20density" title=" packing density"> packing density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rolled%20aggregates" title=" rolled aggregates"> rolled aggregates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=slump" title=" slump"> slump</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=yield%20stress%20of%20concrete" title=" yield stress of concrete"> yield stress of concrete</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108020/influence-of-the-granular-mixture-properties-on-the-rheological-properties-of-concrete-yield-stress-determination-using-modified-chateau-et-al-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/108020.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">127</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">14</span> Integrated Intensity and Spatial Enhancement Technique for Color Images </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Evan%20W.%20Krieger">Evan W. Krieger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vijayan%20K.%20Asari"> Vijayan K. Asari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saibabu%20Arigela"> Saibabu Arigela</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Video imagery captured for real-time security and surveillance applications is typically captured in complex lighting conditions. These less than ideal conditions can result in imagery that can have underexposed or overexposed regions. It is also typical that the video is too low in resolution for certain applications. The purpose of security and surveillance video is that we should be able to make accurate conclusions based on the images seen in the video. Therefore, if poor lighting and low resolution conditions occur in the captured video, the ability to make accurate conclusions based on the received information will be reduced. We propose a solution to this problem by using image preprocessing to improve these images before use in a particular application. The proposed algorithm will integrate an intensity enhancement algorithm with a super resolution technique. The intensity enhancement portion consists of a nonlinear inverse sign transformation and an adaptive contrast enhancement. The super resolution section is a single image super resolution technique is a Fourier phase feature based method that uses a machine learning approach with kernel regression. The proposed technique intelligently integrates these algorithms to be able to produce a high quality output while also being more efficient than the sequential use of these algorithms. This integration is accomplished by performing the proposed algorithm on the intensity image produced from the original color image. After enhancement and super resolution, a color restoration technique is employed to obtain an improved visibility color image. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamic%20range%20compression" title="dynamic range compression">dynamic range compression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-level%20Fourier%20features" title=" multi-level Fourier features"> multi-level Fourier features</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nonlinear%20enhancement" title=" nonlinear enhancement"> nonlinear enhancement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=super%20resolution" title=" super resolution"> super resolution</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22706/integrated-intensity-and-spatial-enhancement-technique-for-color-images" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22706.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">554</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">13</span> Adolescent Social Anxiety, School Satisfaction, and School Absenteeism; Findings from Young-HUNT3 and Norwegian National Education Data</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malik%20D.%20Halidu">Malik D. Halidu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cathrine%20F.%20Moe"> Cathrine F. Moe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tommy%20Haugan"> Tommy Haugan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purpose: The demand for effective school-based interventions in shaping adolescents' unmet mental health needs is growing. Grounding in the functional contextualism approach, this study investigates the role of school satisfaction (SS) in serving as a buffer to school absenteeism (SAB) among adolescents experiencing social anxiety (SA). Methods: A unique and large population-based sample of adolescents (upper secondary school pupils; n= 1864) from the Young-HUNT 3 survey dataset merged with the national educational registry from Norway. Moderation regression analysis was performed using Stata 17. Results: We find a statistically significant moderating role of school satisfaction on the relationship between social anxiety and school absenteeism (β=-0.109,p<0.01) among upper secondary school pupils. Among socially anxious adolescents associated with a higher perceived quality of school life, it functions as a buffer by reducing the positive relationship between SA and SAB. But, there was no statistically significant difference between social anxiety and school absenteeism for adolescents with low school satisfaction. Conclusion: Overall, the study's hypothesis model was statistically supported and contributes to the discourse that school satisfaction as a target of school-based interventions can effectively improve school outcomes (e.g., reduced absenteeism) among socially anxious pupils. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20anxiety" title="social anxiety">social anxiety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=school%20satisfaction" title=" school satisfaction"> school satisfaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=school%20absenteeism" title=" school absenteeism"> school absenteeism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norwegian%20adolescent" title=" Norwegian adolescent"> Norwegian adolescent</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168077/adolescent-social-anxiety-school-satisfaction-and-school-absenteeism-findings-from-young-hunt3-and-norwegian-national-education-data" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168077.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">90</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">12</span> GeneNet: Temporal Graph Data Visualization for Gene Nomenclature and Relationships</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jake%20Gonzalez">Jake Gonzalez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tommy%20Dang"> Tommy Dang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper proposes a temporal graph approach to visualize and analyze the evolution of gene relationships and nomenclature over time. An interactive web-based tool implements this temporal graph, enabling researchers to traverse a timeline and observe coupled dynamics in network topology and naming conventions. Analysis of a real human genomic dataset reveals the emergence of densely interconnected functional modules over time, representing groups of genes involved in key biological processes. For example, the antimicrobial peptide DEFA1A3 shows increased connections to related alpha-defensins involved in infection response. Tracking degree and betweenness centrality shifts over timeline iterations also quantitatively highlight the reprioritization of certain genes’ topological importance as knowledge advances. Examination of the CNR1 gene encoding the cannabinoid receptor CB1 demonstrates changing synonymous relationships and consolidating naming patterns over time, reflecting its unique functional role discovery. The integrated framework interconnecting these topological and nomenclature dynamics provides richer contextual insights compared to isolated analysis methods. Overall, this temporal graph approach enables a more holistic study of knowledge evolution to elucidate complex biology. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temporal%20graph" title="temporal graph">temporal graph</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gene%20relationships" title=" gene relationships"> gene relationships</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nomenclature%20evolution" title=" nomenclature evolution"> nomenclature evolution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interactive%20visualization" title=" interactive visualization"> interactive visualization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biological%20insights" title=" biological insights"> biological insights</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179111/genenet-temporal-graph-data-visualization-for-gene-nomenclature-and-relationships" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179111.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">61</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> Rheological Study of Natural Sediments: Application in Filling of Estuaries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Serhal">S. Serhal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Melinge"> Y. Melinge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Rangeard"> D. Rangeard</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Hage%20Chehadeh"> F. Hage Chehadeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Filling of estuaries is an international problem that can cause economic and environmental damage. This work aims the study of the rheological structuring mechanisms of natural sedimentary liquid-solid mixture in estuaries in order to better understand their filling. The estuary of the Rance river, located in Brittany, France is particularly targeted by the study. The aim is to provide answers on the rheological behavior of natural sediments by detecting structural factors influencing the rheological parameters. So we can better understand the fillings estuarine areas and especially consider sustainable solutions of ‘cleansing’ of these areas. The sediments were collected from the trap of Lyvet in Rance estuary. This trap was created by the association COEUR (Comité Opérationnel des Elus et Usagers de la Rance) in 1996 in order to facilitate the cleansing of the estuary. It creates a privileged area for the deposition of sediments and consequently makes the cleansing of the estuary easier. We began our work with a preliminary study to establish the trend of the rheological behavior of the suspensions and to specify the dormant phase which precedes the beginning of the biochemical reactivity of the suspensions. Then we highlight the visco-plastic character at younger age using the Kinexus rheometer, plate-plate geometry. This rheological behavior of suspensions is represented by the Bingham model using dynamic yield stress and viscosity which can be a function of volume fraction, granular extent, and chemical reactivity. The evolution of the viscosity as a function of the solid volume fraction is modeled by the Krieger-Dougherty model. On the other hand, the analysis of the dynamic yield stress showed a fairly functional link with the solid volume fraction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=estuaries" title="estuaries">estuaries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rheological%20behavior" title=" rheological behavior"> rheological behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sediments" title=" sediments"> sediments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kinexus%20rheometer" title=" Kinexus rheometer"> Kinexus rheometer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bingham%20model" title=" Bingham model"> Bingham model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=viscosity" title=" viscosity"> viscosity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=yield%20stress" title=" yield stress"> yield stress</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97288/rheological-study-of-natural-sediments-application-in-filling-of-estuaries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97288.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">160</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> Reactivation of Hydrated Cement and Recycled Concrete Powder by Thermal Treatment for Partial Replacement of Virgin Cement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gustave%20Semugaza">Gustave Semugaza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anne%20Zora%20Gierth"> Anne Zora Gierth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tommy%20Mielke"> Tommy Mielke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marianela%20Escobar%20Castillo"> Marianela Escobar Castillo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nat%20Doru%20C.%20Lupascu"> Nat Doru C. Lupascu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The generation of Construction and Demolition Waste (CDW) has globally increased enormously due to the enhanced need in construction, renovation, and demolition of construction structures. Several studies investigated the use of CDW materials in the production of new concrete and indicated the lower mechanical properties of the resulting concrete. Many other researchers considered the possibility of using the Hydrated Cement Powder (HCP) to replace a part of Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC), but only very few investigated the use of Recycled Concrete Powder (RCP) from CDW. The partial replacement of OPC for making new concrete intends to decrease the CO₂ emissions associated with OPC production. However, the RCP and HCP need treatment to produce the new concrete of required mechanical properties. The thermal treatment method has proven to improve HCP properties before their use. Previous research has stated that for using HCP in concrete, the optimum results are achievable by heating HCP between 400°C and 800°C. The optimum heating temperature depends on the type of cement used to make the Hydrated Cement Specimens (HCS), the crushing and heating method of HCP, and the curing method of the Rehydrated Cement Specimens (RCS). This research assessed the quality of recycled materials by using different techniques such as X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetry (TG), Scanning electron Microscopy (SEM), and X-ray Fluorescence (XRF). These recycled materials were thermally pretreated at different temperatures from 200°C to 1000°C. Additionally, the research investigated to what extent the thermally treated recycled cement could partially replace the OPC and if the new concrete produced would achieve the required mechanical properties. The mechanical properties were evaluated on the RCS, obtained by mixing the Dehydrated Cement Powder and Recycled Powder (DCP and DRP) with water (w/c = 0.6 and w/c = 0.45). The research used the compressive testing machine for compressive strength testing, and the three-point bending test was used to assess the flexural strength. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrated%20cement%20powder" title="hydrated cement powder">hydrated cement powder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dehydrated%20cement%20powder" title=" dehydrated cement powder"> dehydrated cement powder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recycled%20concrete%20powder" title=" recycled concrete powder"> recycled concrete powder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20treatment" title=" thermal treatment"> thermal treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reactivation" title=" reactivation"> reactivation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20performance" title=" mechanical performance"> mechanical performance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148142/reactivation-of-hydrated-cement-and-recycled-concrete-powder-by-thermal-treatment-for-partial-replacement-of-virgin-cement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148142.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">153</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> The Role of Car Dealerships in Promoting Electric Vehicles: Covert Participatory Observations of Car Dealerships in Sweden</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anne%20Y.%20Faxer">Anne Y. Faxer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ellen%20Olausson"> Ellen Olausson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jens%20Hagman"> Jens Hagman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20Magazinius"> Ana Magazinius</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jenny%20J.%20Stier"> Jenny J. Stier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tommy%20Fransson"> Tommy Fransson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oscar%20Enerback"> Oscar Enerback</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> While electric vehicles (both battery electric vehicles and plug-in hybrids) have been on the market for around 6 years, they are still far from mainstream and the knowledge of them is still low among the public. This is likely one of the reasons that Sweden, having one of the highest penetrations of electric vehicles in Europe, still has a long way to go in reaching a fossil free vehicle fleet. Car dealerships are an important medium that connects consumers to vehicles, but somehow, their role in introducing electric vehicles has not yet been thoroughly studied. Research from other domains shows that salespeople can affect customer decisions in their choice of products. The aim of this study is to explore the role of car dealerships when it comes to promoting electric vehicles. The long-term goal is to understand how they could be a key in the effort of achieving a mass introduction of electric vehicles in Sweden. By emulating the customer’s experience, this study investigates the interaction between car salespeople and customers, particularly examining whether they present electric vehicles as viable options. Covert participatory observations were conducted for data collection from four different brands at in total twelve car dealers. The observers worked in pairs and played the role of a customer with needs that could be matched by an electric vehicle. The data was summarized in observation protocols and analyzed using thematic coding. The result shows that only one of twelve salespeople offered an electric vehicle as the first option. When environmental factors were brought up by the observers, the salespeople followed up with lower fuel consumption internal combustion engine vehicles rather than suggesting an electric vehicle. All salespeople possessed at least basic knowledge about electric vehicles but their interest of selling them were low in most cases. One of the reasons could be that the price of electric vehicles is usually higher. This could be inferred from the finding that salespeople tend to have a strong focus on price and economy in their dialogues with customers, regardless which type of car they were selling. In conclusion, the study suggests that car salespeople have the potential to help the market to achieve mass introduction of electric vehicles; however, their potential needs to be exploited further. To encourage salespeople to prioritize electric vehicles in the sales process, right incentives need to be in place. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=car%20dealerships" title="car dealerships">car dealerships</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=covert%20participatory%20observation" title=" covert participatory observation"> covert participatory observation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=customer%20perspective" title=" customer perspective "> customer perspective </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electric%20vehicle" title=" electric vehicle"> electric vehicle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=market%20penetration" title=" market penetration"> market penetration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79699/the-role-of-car-dealerships-in-promoting-electric-vehicles-covert-participatory-observations-of-car-dealerships-in-sweden" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79699.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">197</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> Sports Racism in Australia: A Fifty Year Study of Bigotry and the Culture of Silence, from Mexico City to Melbourne </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tasneem%20Chopra">Tasneem Chopra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The 1968 Summer Olympics will forever be remembered for the silent protest against racism exhibited by American athletes Tommy Smith and John Carlos. Also standing on the medal podium was Australian Peter Norman, whose silent solidarity as a white sportsman completes the powerful, evocative image of that night in Mexico City. In the 50 years since Norman’s stance of solidarity with his American counterparts, Australian sports has traveled a wide arc of racism narratives, with athletes still experiencing episodes of bigotry, both on the pitch and elsewhere. Aboriginal athletes, like tennis champion Yvonne Goolagong, have endured the plaudits of appreciation for their achievements on both the national and international stage, while simultaneously being subject to both prejudice and even questions as to their right to represent their country as full, acceptable citizens. Racism in Australia is directed toward Australian athletes of colour as well as foreign sportspeople who visit the country. The complex, mutating nature of racism in Australia is also informed by the culture of silence, where fellow athletes stand mute in light of their colleagues’ experience with bigotry. This paper analyses the phenomenon of sports racism in Australia over the past fifty years, culminating in the most recent showdown between Heretier Lumumba, former Collingwood football player, and his public allegations of racism experienced by team mates over his 10 year career. It shall examine the treatment and mistreatment of athletes because of their race and will further assess how such public perceptions both shape Australian culture or are themselves a manifestation of preexisting pathologies of bigotry. Further, it will examine the efficacy of anti-racism initiatives in responding to this hate. This paper will analyse the growing influence of corporate and media entities in crafting the economics of Australian sports and assess the role of such factors in creating the narrative of racism in the nation, both as a sociological reality as well as a marker of national identity. Finally, this paper will examine the political, social and economic forces that contribute to the culture of silence in Australian society in defying racism. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aboriginal" title="aboriginal">aboriginal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Australia" title=" Australia"> Australia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corporations" title=" corporations"> corporations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silence" title=" silence"> silence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83045/sports-racism-in-australia-a-fifty-year-study-of-bigotry-and-the-culture-of-silence-from-mexico-city-to-melbourne" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83045.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">173</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> Socioeconomic Disparities in the Prevalence of Obesity in Adults with Diabetes in Israel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yael%20Wolff%20Sagy">Yael Wolff Sagy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yiska%20Loewenberg%20Weisband"> Yiska Loewenberg Weisband</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vered%20Kaufman%20Shriqui"> Vered Kaufman Shriqui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michal%20Krieger"> Michal Krieger</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arie%20Ben%20Yehuda"> Arie Ben Yehuda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ronit%20Calderon%20Margalit"> Ronit Calderon Margalit</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Obesity is both a risk factor and common comorbidity of diabetes. Obesity impedes the achievement of glycemic control, and enhances damage caused by hyperglycemia to blood vessels; thus it increases diabetes-related complications. This study assessed the prevalence of obesity and morbid obesity among Israeli adults with diabetes, and estimated disparities associated with sex and socioeconomic position (SEP). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in the setting of the Israeli National Program for Quality Indicators in Community Healthcare. Data on all the Israeli population is retrieved from electronic medical records of the four health maintenance organizations (HMOs). The study population included all Israeli patients with diabetes aged 20-64 with documented body mass index (BMI) in 2016 (N=180,451). Diabetes was defined as the existence of one or more of the following criteria: (a) Plasma glucose level >200 mg% in at least two tests conducted at least one month apart in the previous year; (b) HbA1c>6.5% at least once in the previous year (c) at least three prescriptions of diabetes medications were dispensed during the previous year. Two measures were included: the prevalence of obesity (defined as last BMI≥ 30 kg/m2 and <35 kg/m2) and the prevalence of morbid obesity (defined as last BMI≥ 35 kg/m2) in individuals aged 20-64 with diabetes. The cut-off value for morbid obesity was set in accordance with the eligibility criteria for bariatric surgery in diabetics. Data were collected by the HMOs and aggregated by age, sex and SEP. SEP was based on statistical areas ranking by the Israeli Central Bureau of Statistics and divided into 4 categories, ranking from 1 (lowest) to 4 (highest). Results: BMI documentation among adults with diabetes was 84.9% in 2016. The prevalence of obesity in the study population was 30.5%. Although the overall rate was similar in both sexes (30.8% in females, 30.3% in males), SEP disparities were stronger in females (32.7% in SEP level 1 vs. 27.7% in SEP level 4; 18.1% relative difference) compared to males (30.6% in SEP level 1 vs. 29.3% in SEP level 4; 4.4% relative difference). The overall prevalence of morbid obesity in this population was 20.8% in 2016. The rate among females was almost double compared to the rate in males (28.1% and 14.6%, respectively). In both sexes, the prevalence of morbid obesity was strongly associated with lower SEP. However, in females, disparities between SEP levels were much stronger (34.3% in SEP level 1 vs. 18.7% in SEP level 4; 83.4% relative difference) compared to SEP-disparities in males (15.7% in SEP level 1 vs. 12.3% in SEP level 4; 27.6% relative difference). Conclusions: The overall prevalence of BMI≥ 30 kg/m2 among adults with diabetes in Israel exceeds 50%; and the prevalence of morbid obesity suggests that 20% meet the BMI-criteria for bariatric surgery. Prevalence rates show major SEP- and sex-disparities; especially strong SEP disparities in morbid obesity among females. These findings highlight the need for greater consideration of different population groups when implementing interventions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabetes" title="diabetes">diabetes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20disparities" title=" health disparities"> health disparities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20policy" title=" health policy"> health policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obesity" title=" obesity"> obesity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=socio-economic%20position" title=" socio-economic position"> socio-economic position</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97256/socioeconomic-disparities-in-the-prevalence-of-obesity-in-adults-with-diabetes-in-israel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97256.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">215</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Tommy: Communication in Education about Disability</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karen%20V.%20Lee">Karen V. Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The background and significance of this study involve communication in education by a faculty advisor exploring story and music that informs others about a disabled teacher. Social issues draw deep reflection about the emotional turmoil. As a musician becoming a teacher is a passionate yet complex endeavor, the faculty advisor shares a poetic but painful story about a disabled teacher being inducted into the teaching profession. The qualitative research method as theoretical framework draws on autoethnography of music and story where the faculty advisor approaches a professor for advice. His musicianship shifts her forward, backward, and sideways through feelings that evoke and provoke curriculum to remove communication barriers in education. They discover they do not transfer knowledge from educational method classes. Instead, the autoethnography embeds musical language as a metaphorical conduit for removing communication barriers in teacher education. Sub-themes involve communication barriers and educational technologies to ensure teachers receive social, emotional, physical, spiritual, and intervention disability resources that evoke visceral, emotional responses from the audience. Major findings of the study discover how autoethnography of music and story bring the authors to understand wider political issues of the practicum internship for teachers with disabilities. An epiphany reveals the irony of living in a culture of both uniformity and diversity. They explore the constructs of secrecy, ideology, abnormality, and marginalization by evoking visceral and emotional responses from the audience. As the voices harmonize plot, climax, characterization, and denouement, they dramatize meaning that is episodic yet incomplete to highlight the circumstances surrounding the disabled protagonist’s life. In conclusion, the qualitative research method argues for embracing storied experiences that depict communication in education. Scholarly significance embraces personal thoughts and feelings as a way of understanding social phenomena while highlighting the importance of removing communication barriers in education. The circumstance about a teacher with a disability is not uncommon in society. Thus, the authors resolve to removing barriers in education by using stories to transform the personal and cultural influences that provoke new ways of thinking about the curriculum for a disabled teacher. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication%20in%20education" title="communication in education">communication in education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication%20barriers" title=" communication barriers"> communication barriers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autoethnography" title=" autoethnography"> autoethnography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching" title=" teaching"> teaching</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42900/tommy-communication-in-education-about-disability" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42900.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">240</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> Trends in Preoperative Self-Disclosure of Cannabis Use in Adult and Adolescent Orthopedic Surgical Patients: An Institutional Retrospective Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Spencer%20Liu">Spencer Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=William%20Chan"> William Chan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marlena%20Komatz"> Marlena Komatz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tommy%20Ramos"> Tommy Ramos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mark%20Trentalange"> Mark Trentalange</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faye%20Rim"> Faye Rim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dae%20Kim"> Dae Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mary%20Kelly"> Mary Kelly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samuel%20Schuessler"> Samuel Schuessler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roberta%20Stack"> Roberta Stack</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Justas%20Lauzadis"> Justas Lauzadis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kathryn%20DelPizzo"> Kathryn DelPizzo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seth%20Waldman"> Seth Waldman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexandra%20Sideris"> Alexandra Sideris</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background & Significance: The increasing prevalence of cannabis use in the United States has important safety considerations in the perioperative setting, as chronic or heavy preoperative cannabis use may increase the risk of intraoperative complications, postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), increased postoperative pain levels, and acute side effects associated with cannabis use cessation. In this retrospective chart review study, we sought to determine the prevalence of self-reported cannabis use in the past 5-years at a single institution in New York City. We hypothesized that there is an increasing prevalence of preoperative self-reported cannabis use among adult and adolescent patients undergoing orthopedic surgery. Methods: After IRB approval for this retrospective study, surgical cases performed on patients 12 years of age and older at the hospital’s main campus and two ambulatory surgery centers between January 1st, 2018, and December 31st, 2023, with preoperatively self-disclosed cannabis use entered in the social history intake form were identified using the tool SlicerDicer in Epic. Case and patient characteristics were extracted, and trends in utilization over time were assessed by the Cochran-Armitage trend test. Results: Overall, the prevalence of self-reported cannabis use increased from 6.6% in 2018 to 10.6% in 2023. By age group, the prevalence of self-reported cannabis use among adolescents remained consistently low (2018: 2.6%, 2023: 2.6%) but increased with significant evidence for a linear trend (p < 0.05) within every adult age group. Among adults, patients who were 18-24 years old (2018: 18%, 2023: 20.5%) and 25-34 years old (2018: 15.9%, 2023: 24.2%) had the highest prevalences of disclosure, whereas patients who were 75 years of age or older had the lowest prevalence of disclosure (2018: 1.9%, 2023: 4.6%). Patients who were 25-34 years old had the highest percent difference in disclosure rates of 8.3%, which corresponded to a 52.2% increase from 2018 to 2023. The adult age group with the highest percent change was patients who were 75 years of age or older, with a difference of 2.7%, which corresponded to a 142.1% increase from 2018 to 2023. Conclusions: These trends in preoperative self-reported cannabis use among patients undergoing orthopedic surgery have important implications for perioperative care and clinical outcomes. Efforts are underway to refine and standardize cannabis use data capture at our institution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orthopedic%20surgery" title="orthopedic surgery">orthopedic surgery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cannabis" title=" cannabis"> cannabis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=postoperative%20pain" title=" postoperative pain"> postoperative pain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=postoperative%20nausea" title=" postoperative nausea"> postoperative nausea</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186668/trends-in-preoperative-self-disclosure-of-cannabis-use-in-adult-and-adolescent-orthopedic-surgical-patients-an-institutional-retrospective-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186668.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">45</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Usability Evaluation of Four Big e-Commerce Websites in Indonesia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Harry%20B.%20Santoso">Harry B. Santoso</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lia%20Sadita"> Lia Sadita</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Firlia%20Sandyta"> Firlia Sandyta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Musa%20Alfatih"> Musa Alfatih</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nove%20Spalo"> Nove Spalo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nu%27man%20Naufal"> Nu'man Naufal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nuryahya%20P.%20Utomo"> Nuryahya P. Utomo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Putu%20A.%20Paramatha"> Putu A. Paramatha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rezka%20Aufar%20Leonandya"> Rezka Aufar Leonandya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tommy%20Anugrah"> Tommy Anugrah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aulia%20Chairunisa"> Aulia Chairunisa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Fadly%20Uzzaki"> M. Fadly Uzzaki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Riandy%20D.%20Banimahendra"> Riandy D. Banimahendra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The numbers of Internet active users in Indonesia reach out over 88.1 million, where 48% of them are daily active users. Seeing these numbers, it is the best opportunity for IT companies to grow their business, especially e-Commerce. In fact, the growth of e-Commerce companies in Indonesia is proportional with internet daily active users. This phenomenon shows that competition happening among the e-Commerce companies is raising high. It triggers many e-Commerce companies to improve their services. The authors hypothesized that one of the best ways to improve the services is by improving their usability. So, the authors had done a study to evaluate and find out ways to improve usability of those e-Commerce websites. The authors chose four e-Commerce websites which each of them has different business focus and profiles. Each company is labeled as A, B, C, and D. Company A is a fashion-based e-Commerce services with two-million desktop visits Indonesia. Company B is an international online shopping mall for everyday appliances with 48,3-million desktop visits in Indonesia. Company C is a localized online shopping mall with 3,2-million desktop visits in Indonesia. Company D is an online shopping mall with one-million desktop visits in Indonesia. Writers used popular web traffic analytics platform to gain the numbers. There are some approaches to evaluate the usability of e-Commerce websites. In this study, the authors used usability testing method supported by the User Experience Questionnaire. This method involved the user in interacting directly with the services provided by the e-Commerce company. This study was conducted within two months including preparation, data collection, data analysis, and reporting. We used a pair of computers, a screen-capture video application named Smartboard, and User Experience Questionnaire. A team was built to conduct this study. They consisted of one supervisor, two assistants, four facilitators and four observers. For each e-Commerce, three users aged 17-25 years old were invited to do five task scenarios. Data collected in this study included demographic information of the users, usability testing results, and users’ responses to the questionnaire. Some findings were revealed from the usability testing and the questionnaire. Compared to the other three companies, Company D had the least score for the experiences. One of the most painful issues figured out by the authors from the evaluation was most users claimed feeling confused by user interfaces in these e-Commerce websites. We believe that this study will help e-Commerce companies to improve their services and business in the future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-commerce" title="e-commerce">e-commerce</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evaluation" title=" evaluation"> evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=usability%20testing" title=" usability testing"> usability testing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=user%20experience" title=" user experience"> user experience</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62440/usability-evaluation-of-four-big-e-commerce-websites-in-indonesia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62440.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">317</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> Effect of Foot Posture and Fatigue on Static Balance and Electromyographic Activity of Selected Lower Limb Muscles in School Children Aged 12 to 14 Years</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Riza%20Adriyani">Riza Adriyani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tommy%20Apriantono"> Tommy Apriantono</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suprijanto"> Suprijanto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: Several studies have revealed that flatfoot posture has some effect on altered lower limb muscle function, in comparison to normal foot posture. There were still limited studies to examine the effect of fatigue on flatfoot posture in children. Therefore, this study was aimed to find out jumping fatiguing effect on static balance and to compare lower limb muscle function between flatfoot and normal foot in school children. Methods: Thirty junior high school children aged 12 to 14 years took part in this study. Of these all children, 15 had the normal foot (8 males and 7 females) and 15 had flatfoot (6 males and 9 females). Foot posture was classified based on an arch index of the footprint by a foot scanner which calculated the data using AUTOCAD 2013 software. Surface electromyography (EMG) activity was recorded from tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius medialis, and peroneus longus muscles while those participants were standing on one leg barefoot with opened eyes. All participants completed the entire protocol (pre-fatigue data collection, fatigue protocol, and post fatigue data collection) in a single session. Static balance and electromyographic data were collected before and after a functional fatigue protocol. Results: School children with normal foot had arch index 0.25±0.01 whereas those with flatfoot had 0.36±0.01. In fact, there were no significant differences for anthropometric characteristics between children with flatfoot and normal foot. This statistical analysis showed that fatigue could influence static balance in flatfoot school children (p < 0.05), but not in normal foot school children. Based on electromyographic data, the statistical analysis showed that there were significant differences (p < 0.05) of the decreased median frequency on tibialis anterior in flatfoot compared to normal foot school children after fatigue. However, there were no significant differences on the median frequency of gastrocnemius medialis and peroneus longus between both groups. After fatigue, median frequency timing was significantly different (p < 0.05) on tibialis anterior in flatfoot compared to normal foot children and tended to appear earlier on tibialis anterior, gastrocnemius medialis and peroneus longus (at 7s, 8s, 9s) in flatfoot compared to normal foot (at 15s, 11s , 12s). Conclusion: Fatigue influenced static balance and tended to appear earlier on selected lower limb muscles while performing static balance in flatfoot school children. After fatigue, tremor (median frequency decreased) showed more significant differences on tibialis anterior in flatfoot rather than in normal foot school children. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fatigue" title="fatigue">fatigue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foot%20postures" title=" foot postures"> foot postures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=median%20frequency" title=" median frequency"> median frequency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=static%20balance" title=" static balance"> static balance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28394/effect-of-foot-posture-and-fatigue-on-static-balance-and-electromyographic-activity-of-selected-lower-limb-muscles-in-school-children-aged-12-to-14-years" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28394.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">506</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> A Practical Construction Technique to Enhance the Performance of Rock Bolts in Tunnels</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ojas%20Chaudhari">Ojas Chaudhari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Nejad%20Ghafar"> Ali Nejad Ghafar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Giedrius%20Zirgulis"> Giedrius Zirgulis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marjan%20Mousavi"> Marjan Mousavi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tommy%20Ellison"> Tommy Ellison</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sandra%20Pousette"> Sandra Pousette</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrick%20Fontana"> Patrick Fontana</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In Swedish tunnel construction, a critical issue that has been repeatedly acknowledged is corrosion and, consequently, failure of the rock bolts in rock support systems. The defective installation of rock bolts results in the formation of cavities in the cement mortar that is regularly used to fill the area under the dome plates. These voids allow for water-ingress to the rock bolt assembly, which results in corrosion of rock bolt components and eventually failure. In addition, the current installation technique consists of several manual steps with intense labor works that are usually done in uncomfortable and exhausting conditions, e.g., under the roof of the tunnels. Such intense tasks also lead to a considerable waste of materials and execution errors. Moreover, adequate quality control of the execution is hardly possible with the current technique. To overcome these issues, a non-shrinking/expansive cement-based mortar filled in the paper packaging has been developed in this study which properly fills the area under the dome plates without or with the least remaining cavities, ultimately that diminishes the potential of corrosion. This article summarizes the development process and the experimental evaluation of this technique for the installation of rock bolts. In the development process, the cementitious mortar was first developed using specific cement and shrinkage reducing/expansive additives. The mechanical and flow properties of the mortar were then evaluated using compressive strength, density, and slump flow measurement methods. In addition, isothermal calorimetry and shrinkage/expansion measurements were used to elucidate the hydration and durability attributes of the mortar. After obtaining the desired properties in both fresh and hardened conditions, the developed dry mortar was filled in specific permeable paper packaging and then submerged in water bath for specific intervals before the installation. The tests were enhanced progressively by optimizing different parameters such as shape and size of the packaging, characteristics of the paper used, immersion time in water and even some minor characteristics of the mortar. Finally, the developed prototype was tested in a lab-scale rock bolt assembly with various angles to analyze the efficiency of the method in real life scenario. The results showed that the new technique improves the performance of the rock bolts by reducing the material wastage, improving environmental performance, facilitating and accelerating the labor works, and finally enhancing the durability of the whole system. Accordingly, this approach provides an efficient alternative for the traditional way of tunnel bolt installation with considerable advantages for the Swedish tunneling industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corrosion" title="corrosion">corrosion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=durability" title=" durability"> durability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mortar" title=" mortar"> mortar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rock%20bolt" title=" rock bolt"> rock bolt</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129432/a-practical-construction-technique-to-enhance-the-performance-of-rock-bolts-in-tunnels" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129432.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">112</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> A Practical Methodology for Evaluating Water, Sanitation and Hygiene Education and Training Programs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brittany%20E.%20Coff">Brittany E. Coff</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tommy%20K.%20K.%20Ngai"> Tommy K. K. Ngai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laura%20A.%20S.%20MacDonald"> Laura A. S. MacDonald</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Many organizations in the Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) sector provide education and training in order to increase the effectiveness of their WASH interventions. A key challenge for these organizations is measuring how well their education and training activities contribute to WASH improvements. It is crucial for implementers to understand the returns of their education and training activities so that they can improve and make better progress toward the desired outcomes. This paper presents information on CAWST’s development and piloting of the evaluation methodology. The Centre for Affordable Water and Sanitation Technology (CAWST) has developed a methodology for evaluating education and training activities, so that organizations can understand the effectiveness of their WASH activities and improve accordingly. CAWST developed this methodology through a series of research partnerships, followed by staged field pilots in Nepal, Peru, Ethiopia and Haiti. During the research partnerships, CAWST collaborated with universities in the UK and Canada to: review a range of available evaluation frameworks, investigate existing practices for evaluating education activities, and develop a draft methodology for evaluating education programs. The draft methodology was then piloted in three separate studies to evaluate CAWST’s, and CAWST’s partner’s, WASH education programs. Each of the pilot studies evaluated education programs in different locations, with different objectives, and at different times within the project cycles. The evaluations in Nepal and Peru were conducted in 2013 and investigated the outcomes and impacts of CAWST’s WASH education services in those countries over the past 5-10 years. In 2014, the methodology was applied to complete a rigorous evaluation of a 3-day WASH Awareness training program in Ethiopia, one year after the training had occurred. In 2015, the methodology was applied in Haiti to complete a rapid assessment of a Community Health Promotion program, which informed the development of an improved training program. After each pilot evaluation, the methodology was reviewed and improvements were made. A key concept within the methodology is that in order for training activities to lead to improved WASH practices at the community level, it is not enough for participants to acquire new knowledge and skills; they must also apply the new skills and influence the behavior of others following the training. The steps of the methodology include: development of a Theory of Change for the education program, application of the Kirkpatrick model to develop indicators, development of data collection tools, data collection, data analysis and interpretation, and use of the findings for improvement. The methodology was applied in different ways for each pilot and was found to be practical to apply and adapt to meet the needs of each case. It was useful in gathering specific information on the outcomes of the education and training activities, and in developing recommendations for program improvement. Based on the results of the pilot studies, CAWST is developing a set of support materials to enable other WASH implementers to apply the methodology. By using this methodology, more WASH organizations will be able to understand the outcomes and impacts of their training activities, leading to higher quality education programs and improved WASH outcomes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education%20and%20training" title="education and training">education and training</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capacity%20building" title=" capacity building"> capacity building</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evaluation" title=" evaluation"> evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20and%20sanitation" title=" water and sanitation"> water and sanitation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42380/a-practical-methodology-for-evaluating-water-sanitation-and-hygiene-education-and-training-programs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42380.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">310</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); 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