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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Production" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Production"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Production</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Production-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Production subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Production-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Purification_of_water" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Purification_of_water"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Purification of water</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Purification_of_water-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pasteurization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pasteurization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Pasteurization</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pasteurization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Juicing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Juicing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Juicing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Juicing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Infusion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Infusion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Infusion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Infusion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Percolation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Percolation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Percolation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Percolation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Carbonation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Carbonation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Carbonation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Carbonation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fermentation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fermentation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.7</span> <span>Fermentation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fermentation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Distillation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Distillation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.8</span> <span>Distillation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Distillation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mixing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mixing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.9</span> <span>Mixing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mixing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Type" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Type"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Type</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Type-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Type subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Type-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Non-alcoholic_drinks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Non-alcoholic_drinks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Non-alcoholic drinks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Non-alcoholic_drinks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Water" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Water"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.1</span> <span>Water</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Water-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Milk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Milk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.2</span> <span>Milk</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Milk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Carbonated_drinks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Carbonated_drinks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.3</span> <span>Carbonated drinks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Carbonated_drinks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hot_drinks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hot_drinks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.4</span> <span>Hot drinks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hot_drinks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Coffee" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Coffee"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.4.1</span> <span>Coffee</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Coffee-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hot_chocolate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hot_chocolate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.4.2</span> <span>Hot chocolate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hot_chocolate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tea" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tea"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.4.3</span> <span>Tea</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tea-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Herbal_tea" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Herbal_tea"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.4.4</span> <span>Herbal tea</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Herbal_tea-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Juice_and_plant_drinks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Juice_and_plant_drinks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.5</span> <span>Juice and plant drinks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Juice_and_plant_drinks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sleep_drinks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sleep_drinks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Sleep drinks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sleep_drinks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alcoholic_drinks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alcoholic_drinks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Alcoholic drinks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alcoholic_drinks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Beer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Beer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.1</span> <span>Beer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Beer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cider" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cider"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.2</span> <span>Cider</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cider-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.3</span> <span>Wine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spirits" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spirits"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.4</span> <span>Spirits</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spirits-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>In culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-In_culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle In culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-In_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Places_to_drink" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Places_to_drink"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Places to drink</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Places_to_drink-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Matching_with_food" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Matching_with_food"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Matching with food</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Matching_with_food-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Presentation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Presentation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Presentation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Presentation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Commercial_trade" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Commercial_trade"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Commercial trade</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Commercial_trade-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Commercial trade subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Commercial_trade-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-International_exports_and_imports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_exports_and_imports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>International exports and imports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_exports_and_imports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Investment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Investment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Investment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Investment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Drink</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 119 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-119" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">119 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drank" title="Drank – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Drank" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8" title="مشروب – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مشروب" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bebida" title="Bebida – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Bebida" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BD%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%B9%D6%84%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82_%D5%8F%D5%A5%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Խմիչքներու Տեսակներ – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Խմիչքներու Տեսակներ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biutur%C3%A2" title="Biuturâ – Aromanian" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Biuturâ" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A9bora" title="Bébora – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Bébora" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5" title="पेयपदार्थ – Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="पेयपदार्थ" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0%C3%A7ki" title="İçki – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İçki" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%DA%86%DA%A9%DB%8C" title="ایچکی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ایچکی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC" title="পানীয় – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পানীয়" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Dm-li%C4%81u" title="Ím-liāu – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Ím-liāu" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Эсемлек – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Эсемлек" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B9" title="Напой – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Напой" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B9" title="Напой – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Напой" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF" title="पेय – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="पेय" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inomon" title="Inomon – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Inomon" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Напитка – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Напитка" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drangl" title="Drangl – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Drangl" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi%C4%87e" title="Piće – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Piće" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evaj" title="Evaj – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Evaj" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beguda" title="Beguda – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Beguda" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%94%C3%A7%D0%BC%D0%B5" title="Ĕçме – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Ĕçме" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A1poj" title="Nápoj – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Nápoj" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diod" title="Diod – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Diod" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lamalee" title="Lamalee – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Lamalee" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drik" title="Drik – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Drik" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Getr%C3%A4nk" title="Getränk – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Getränk" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi%C5%9Be" title="Piśe – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Piśe" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5" title="पेयपदार्थ – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="पेयपदार्थ" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jook" title="Jook – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Jook" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%BF%CF%84%CF%8C" title="Ποτό – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ποτό" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bebida" title="Bebida – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Bebida" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trinka%C4%B5o" title="Trinkaĵo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Trinkaĵo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edari" title="Edari – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Edari" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C" title="نوشیدنی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نوشیدنی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boisson" title="Boisson – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Boisson" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deoch" title="Deoch – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Deoch" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bebida" title="Bebida – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Bebida" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%8C%EB%A3%8C" title="음료 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="음료" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abinsha" title="Abinsha – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Abinsha" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B8%D5%B4%D5%BA%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%AB%D6%84" title="Ըմպելիք – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ըմպելիք" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF" title="पेय – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पेय" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napoj" title="Napoj – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Napoj" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi%C4%87e" title="Piće – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Piće" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minuman" title="Minuman – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Minuman" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibita" title="Bibita – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Bibita" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trincage" title="Trincage – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Trincage" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iu mw-list-item"><a href="https://iu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%90%83%E1%92%A5%E1%90%8A%E1%93%97%E1%92%83" title="ᐃᒥᐊᓗᒃ – Inuktitut" lang="iu" hreflang="iu" data-title="ᐃᒥᐊᓗᒃ" data-language-autonym="ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut" data-language-local-name="Inuktitut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drykkur" title="Drykkur – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Drykkur" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bevanda" title="Bevanda – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Bevanda" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%A7%D7%94" title="משקה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="משקה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omb%C3%A8n-omb%C3%A8n" title="Ombèn-ombèn – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Ombèn-ombèn" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%AF" title="ಪಾನೀಯ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಪಾನೀಯ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%83%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Сусындар – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Сусындар" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikinyobwa" title="Ikinyobwa – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Ikinyobwa" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinywaji" title="Kinywaji – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kinywaji" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bweson" title="Bweson – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Bweson" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vexurik" title="Vexurik – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Vexurik" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%84%E0%BA%B7%E0%BB%88%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%87%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%B7%E0%BB%88%E0%BA%A1" title="ເຄື່ອງດື່ມ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ເຄື່ອງດື່ມ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potio" title="Potio – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Potio" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dz%C4%93riens" title="Dzēriens – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Dzēriens" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C4%97rimas" title="Gėrimas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Gėrimas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lim%C9%9Bli" title="Limɛli – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Limɛli" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/selpinxe" title="selpinxe – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="selpinxe" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ital" title="Ital – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ital" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5" title="पेयपदार्थ – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="पेयपदार्थ" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Пијалак – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Пијалак" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82" title="പാനീയം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പാനീയം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A8%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="ოშუმალი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ოშუმალი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minuman" title="Minuman – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Minuman" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minuman" title="Minuman – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Minuman" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Унд – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Унд" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drank" title="Drank – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Drank" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A5" title="पेयपदार्थ – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="पेयपदार्थ" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE" title="त्वँसा – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="त्वँसा" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A3%B2%E6%96%99" title="飲料 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="飲料" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drikke" title="Drikke – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Drikke" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drikke" title="Drikke – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Drikke" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ichimlik" title="Ichimlik – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ichimlik" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8" title="مشروب – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="مشروب" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%85%DA%9A%D8%A7%DA%A9" title="څښاک – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="څښاک" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drinken" title="Drinken – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Drinken" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nap%C3%B3j" title="Napój – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Napój" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bebida" title="Bebida – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Bebida" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C4%83utur%C4%83" title="Băutură – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Băutură" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upyana" title="Upyana – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Upyana" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Напиток – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Напиток" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%85" title="Утах – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Утах" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF" title="पेयानि – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="पेयानि" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pija" title="Pija – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Pija" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viviruni" title="Viviruni – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Viviruni" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drink" title="Drink – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Drink" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%AA" title="شربت – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="شربت" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A1poj" title="Nápoj – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Nápoj" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pija%C4%8Da" title="Pijača – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Pijača" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cabitaan" title="Cabitaan – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Cabitaan" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%95%D9%88%DB%95" title="خواردنەوە – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="خواردنەوە" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%9B%D0%B5" title="Пиће – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Пиће" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi%C4%87e" title="Piće – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Piće" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inuman" title="Inuman – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Inuman" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juoma" title="Juoma – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Juoma" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dryck" title="Dryck – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Dryck" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inumin" title="Inumin – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Inumin" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="பானம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பானம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA" title="Эчемлек – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Эчемлек" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%82" title="పానీయం – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="పానీయం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1" title="เครื่องดื่ม – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เครื่องดื่ม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0%C3%A7ecek" title="İçecek – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İçecek" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nom" title="Nom – Twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Nom" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="Twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B9" title="Напій – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Напій" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8" title="مشروب – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مشروب" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A9ver" title="Béver – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Béver" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%E1%BB%A9c_u%E1%BB%91ng" title="Thức uống – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thức uống" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juuk" title="Juuk – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Juuk" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irimnon" title="Irimnon – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Irimnon" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A5%AE%E6%96%99" title="饮料 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="饮料" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%A2%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%A7" title="געטראנק – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="געטראנק" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A3%B2%E5%93%81" title="飲品 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="飲品" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A5%AE%E6%96%99" title="饮料 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="饮料" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit 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							cdx-button--size-medium cdx-button--icon-only cdx-dialog__header__close-button" aria-label="Close" onclick="document.getElementById("mw-fr-revision-details").style.display = "none";" type="submit"><span class="cdx-icon cdx-icon--medium
							cdx-fr-css-icon--close"></span></button></header><div class="cdx-dialog__body">This is the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pending_changes" title="Wikipedia:Pending changes">latest accepted revision</a>, <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=review&page=Drink">reviewed</a> on <i>30 January 2025</i>.</div></div><div tabindex="0"></div></div></div></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Liquid intended for human consumption</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the act of consuming a drink, see <a href="/wiki/Drinking" title="Drinking">Drinking</a>. For drinks containing alcohol, see <a href="/wiki/Alcoholic_drink" class="mw-redirect" title="Alcoholic drink">Alcoholic drink</a>. For the 1917 film, see <a href="/wiki/Drink_(film)" title="Drink (film)">Drink (film)</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Drink_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Drink (disambiguation)">Drink (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Beverage" redirects here. Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Beveridge" title="Beveridge">Beveridge</a> or <a href="/wiki/Harold_Beverage" title="Harold Beverage">Harold Beverage</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Drinks" redirects here. For the <i>QI</i> episode, see <a href="/wiki/List_of_QI_episodes" title="List of QI episodes"> List of <i>QI</i> episodes</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Glass_of_tea,_Yogyakarta.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Glass_of_tea%2C_Yogyakarta.jpg/260px-Glass_of_tea%2C_Yogyakarta.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Glass_of_tea%2C_Yogyakarta.jpg/390px-Glass_of_tea%2C_Yogyakarta.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Glass_of_tea%2C_Yogyakarta.jpg/520px-Glass_of_tea%2C_Yogyakarta.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4500" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Tea" title="Tea">Tea</a> is the second‑most‑consumed drink in the world, after <a href="/wiki/Water" title="Water">water</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-u797_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-u797-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Maltina_in_a_cup.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Maltina has a rich, dark brown color which is similar to stout. Malta also has a very sweet and rewarding taste with molasses overtones" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Maltina_in_a_cup.jpg/220px-Maltina_in_a_cup.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Maltina_in_a_cup.jpg/330px-Maltina_in_a_cup.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Maltina_in_a_cup.jpg/440px-Maltina_in_a_cup.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3120" data-file-height="4160" /></a><figcaption>Maltina is a carbonated malt soft drink, which has many thirst quenching properties. It's brewed from barley.</figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>drink</b> or <b>beverage</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Liquid" title="Liquid">liquid</a> intended for <a href="/wiki/Human" title="Human">human</a> consumption. In addition to their basic function of satisfying <a href="/wiki/Thirst" title="Thirst">thirst</a>, drinks play important roles in human <a href="/wiki/Culture" title="Culture">culture</a>. Common types of drinks include plain <a href="/wiki/Drinking_water" title="Drinking water">drinking water</a>, <a href="/wiki/Milk" title="Milk">milk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Juice" title="Juice">juice</a>, <a href="/wiki/Smoothie" title="Smoothie">smoothies</a> and <a href="/wiki/Soft_drinks" class="mw-redirect" title="Soft drinks">soft drinks</a>. Traditionally <a href="/wiki/Hot_beverage" class="mw-redirect" title="Hot beverage">warm beverages</a> include <a href="/wiki/Coffee" title="Coffee">coffee</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tea" title="Tea">tea</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hot_chocolate" title="Hot chocolate">hot chocolate</a>. <a href="/wiki/Caffeinated_drink" title="Caffeinated drink">Caffeinated drinks</a> that contain the stimulant <a href="/wiki/Caffeine" title="Caffeine">caffeine</a> have a long history. </p><p>In addition, <a href="/wiki/Alcoholic_drink" class="mw-redirect" title="Alcoholic drink">alcoholic drinks</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Wine" title="Wine">wine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beer" title="Beer">beer</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Liquor" title="Liquor">liquor</a>, which contain the drug <a href="/wiki/Ethanol" title="Ethanol">ethanol</a>, have been part of <a href="/wiki/Human_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Human culture">human culture</a> for more than 8,000 years. <a href="/wiki/Non-alcoholic_drinks" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-alcoholic drinks">Non-alcoholic drinks</a> often signify drinks that would normally contain alcohol, such as <a href="/wiki/Beer" title="Beer">beer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wine" title="Wine">wine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cocktail" title="Cocktail">cocktails</a>, but are made with a sufficiently low concentration of <a href="/wiki/Alcohol_by_volume" title="Alcohol by volume">alcohol by volume</a>. The category includes drinks that have undergone an alcohol removal process such as <a href="/wiki/Low-alcohol_beer" title="Low-alcohol beer">non-alcoholic beers</a> and de-alcoholized wines. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biology">Biology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drink&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When the human body becomes <a href="/wiki/Dehydrated" class="mw-redirect" title="Dehydrated">dehydrated</a>, a person experiences <a href="/wiki/Thirst" title="Thirst">thirst</a>. This craving of fluids results in an instinctive <i>need to drink</i>. Thirst is regulated by the <a href="/wiki/Hypothalamus" title="Hypothalamus">hypothalamus</a> in response to subtle changes in the body's <a href="/wiki/Electrolyte" title="Electrolyte">electrolyte</a> levels, and also as a result of changes in the volume of <a href="/wiki/Blood_circulation" class="mw-redirect" title="Blood circulation">blood circulating</a>. The complete deprivation of drinks (that is, <a href="/wiki/Water" title="Water">water</a>) will result in <a href="/wiki/Death" title="Death">death</a> faster than the removal of any other substance besides <a href="/wiki/Oxygen" title="Oxygen">oxygen</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Cheney_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cheney-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Water and <a href="/wiki/Milk" title="Milk">milk</a> have been basic drinks throughout history.<sup id="cite_ref-Cheney_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cheney-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As water is essential for life, it has also been the <a href="/wiki/Water-borne_illness" class="mw-redirect" title="Water-borne illness">carrier of many diseases</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Liquid_Pleasure_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Liquid_Pleasure-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As <a href="/wiki/Society" title="Society">society</a> developed, techniques were discovered to create <a href="/wiki/Alcoholic_drinks" class="mw-redirect" title="Alcoholic drinks">alcoholic drinks</a> from the plants that were available in different areas. The earliest <a href="/wiki/Archaeological" class="mw-redirect" title="Archaeological">archaeological</a> evidence of <a href="/wiki/Wine_production" class="mw-redirect" title="Wine production">wine production</a> yet found has been at sites in <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a> (<span title="circa">c.</span><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 6000</span> BCE)<sup id="cite_ref-independent8k_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-independent8k-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-archaeology96_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-archaeology96-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Cultures_of_The_World_Georgia_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cultures_of_The_World_Georgia-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> (<span title="circa">c.</span><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 5000</span> BCE).<sup id="cite_ref-indie_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-indie-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Beer" title="Beer">Beer</a> may have been known in <a href="/wiki/Neolithic_Europe" title="Neolithic Europe">Neolithic Europe</a> as far back as 3000 BCE,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was mainly brewed on a domestic scale.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The invention of beer (and <a href="/wiki/Bread" title="Bread">bread</a>) has been argued to be responsible for humanity's ability to develop <a href="/wiki/Technology" title="Technology">technology</a> and build <a href="/wiki/Civilization" title="Civilization">civilization</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Tea" title="Tea">Tea</a> likely originated in <a href="/wiki/Yunnan" title="Yunnan">Yunnan</a>, China, during the <a href="/wiki/Shang_dynasty" title="Shang dynasty">Shang dynasty</a> (1500 BCE–1046 BCE) as a medicinal drink.<sup id="cite_ref-storyoftea_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-storyoftea-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drink&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Baco,_por_Caravaggio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Baco%2C_por_Caravaggio.jpg/220px-Baco%2C_por_Caravaggio.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="251" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Baco%2C_por_Caravaggio.jpg/330px-Baco%2C_por_Caravaggio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Baco%2C_por_Caravaggio.jpg/440px-Baco%2C_por_Caravaggio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2633" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Caravaggio" title="Caravaggio">Caravaggio</a>'s interpretation of <a href="/wiki/Bacchus" class="mw-redirect" title="Bacchus">Bacchus</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Drinking" title="Drinking">Drinking</a> has been a large part of socialising throughout the centuries. In <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece" title="Ancient Greece">ancient Greece</a>, a social gathering for the purpose of drinking was known as a <a href="/wiki/Symposium" title="Symposium">symposium</a>, where watered down wine would be drunk. The purpose of these gatherings could be anything from serious discussions to direct indulgence. In <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">ancient Rome</a>, a similar concept of a <i>convivium</i> took place regularly. </p><p>Many early societies considered alcohol a gift from the gods,<sup id="cite_ref-Beverage_Book_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Beverage_Book-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> leading to the creation of gods such as <a href="/wiki/Dionysus" title="Dionysus">Dionysus</a>. Other religions forbid, discourage, or restrict the drinking of alcoholic drinks for various reasons. In <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_with_alcohol_prohibition" title="List of countries with alcohol prohibition">some regions</a> with a dominant religion the production, sale, and consumption of alcoholic drinks is forbidden to everybody, regardless of religion. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Toast_(honor)" title="Toast (honor)">Toasting</a> is a method of honoring a person or wishing good will by taking a drink.<sup id="cite_ref-Beverage_Book_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Beverage_Book-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another tradition is that of the <a href="/wiki/Loving_cup" title="Loving cup">loving cup</a>, at weddings or other celebrations such as sports victories a group will share a drink in a large receptacle, shared by everyone until empty.<sup id="cite_ref-Beverage_Book_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Beverage_Book-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In East Africa and Yemen, coffee was used in native religious ceremonies. As these ceremonies conflicted with the beliefs of the Christian church, the <a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethiopian Church">Ethiopian Church</a> banned the secular consumption of coffee until the reign of Emperor <a href="/wiki/Menelik_II" title="Menelik II">Menelik II</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The drink was also banned in <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> Turkey during the 17th century for political reasons<sup id="cite_ref-hopkins2006_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hopkins2006-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was associated with rebellious political activities in Europe. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Production">Production</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drink&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Production"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A drink is a form of liquid which has been prepared for human consumption. The preparation can include a number of different steps, some prior to transport, others immediately prior to consumption. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Purification_of_water">Purification of water</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drink&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Purification of water"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Water_purification" title="Water purification">Water purification</a></div> <p>Water is the chief constituent in all drinks, and the primary ingredient in most. Water is purified prior to <a href="/wiki/Drinking_water" title="Drinking water">drinking</a>. Methods for purification include <a href="/wiki/Filtration" title="Filtration">filtration</a> and the addition of chemicals, such as <a href="/wiki/Water_chlorination" title="Water chlorination">chlorination</a>. The importance of purified water is highlighted by the <a href="/wiki/World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization">World Health Organization</a>, who point out 94% of deaths from <a href="/wiki/Diarrhea" title="Diarrhea">diarrhea</a> – the third biggest cause of infectious death worldwide at 1.8 million annually – could be prevented by improving the quality of the victim's environment, particularly safe water.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pasteurization">Pasteurization</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drink&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Pasteurization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Pasteurization" title="Pasteurization">Pasteurization</a> is the process of heating a liquid for a period of time at a specified temperature, then immediately cooling. The process reduces the growth of <a href="/wiki/Microorganism" title="Microorganism">microorganisms</a> within the liquid, thereby increasing the time before spoilage. It is primarily used on <a href="/wiki/Milk" title="Milk">milk</a>, which prior to pasteurization is commonly infected with <a href="/wiki/Pathogen" title="Pathogen">pathogenic</a> bacteria and therefore is more likely than any other part of the common diet in the developed world to cause illness.<sup id="cite_ref-wilson_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wilson-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Juicing">Juicing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drink&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Juicing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Juice" title="Juice">Juice</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pressing_(wine)" title="Pressing (wine)">Pressing (wine)</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pressoir_epi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Pressoir_epi.jpg/220px-Pressoir_epi.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="201" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Pressoir_epi.jpg/330px-Pressoir_epi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Pressoir_epi.jpg/440px-Pressoir_epi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1506" data-file-height="1373" /></a><figcaption>First developed in the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a>, <a href="/wiki/Basket_press" class="mw-redirect" title="Basket press">basket presses</a> have a long history of use in <a href="/wiki/Winemaking" title="Winemaking">winemaking</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The process of extracting <a href="/wiki/Fruit_juice" class="mw-redirect" title="Fruit juice">juice from fruits</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vegetable_juice" title="Vegetable juice">vegetables</a> can take a number of forms. Simple crushing of most fruits will provide a significant amount of liquid, though a more intense pressure can be applied to get the maximum amount of juice from the fruit. Both crushing and pressing are processes used in the production of <a href="/wiki/Wine" title="Wine">wine</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Infusion">Infusion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drink&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Infusion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Infusion" title="Infusion">Infusion</a> is the process of extracting flavors from plant material by allowing the material to remain suspended within water. This process is used in the production of <a href="/wiki/Tea" title="Tea">teas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Herbal_teas" class="mw-redirect" title="Herbal teas">herbal teas</a> and can be used to prepare <a href="/wiki/Coffee" title="Coffee">coffee</a> (when using a <a href="/wiki/French_press" title="French press">coffee press</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Percolation">Percolation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drink&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Percolation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Coffee_percolation" class="mw-redirect" title="Coffee percolation">Coffee percolation</a></div> <p>The name is derived from the word "<a href="/wiki/Percolation" title="Percolation">percolate</a>" which means <i>to cause (a solvent) to pass through a permeable substance especially for extracting a soluble constituent</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the case of coffee-brewing the solvent is water, the permeable substance is the coffee grounds, and the soluble constituents are the chemical compounds that give coffee its color, taste, aroma, and stimulating properties. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Carbonation">Carbonation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drink&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Carbonation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Carbonation" title="Carbonation">Carbonation</a> is the process of dissolving <a href="/wiki/Carbon_dioxide" title="Carbon dioxide">carbon dioxide</a> into a liquid, such as water. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fermentation">Fermentation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drink&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Fermentation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Fermentation" title="Fermentation">Fermentation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fermentation_in_winemaking" title="Fermentation in winemaking">Fermentation in winemaking</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Beer" title="Beer">Beer</a></div> <p>Fermentation is a <a href="/wiki/Metabolism" title="Metabolism">metabolic</a> process that converts <a href="/wiki/Sugar" title="Sugar">sugar</a> to <a href="/wiki/Ethanol" title="Ethanol">ethanol</a>. Fermentation has been used by humans for the production of drinks since the <a href="/wiki/Neolithic_age" class="mw-redirect" title="Neolithic age">Neolithic age</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Winemaking" title="Winemaking">winemaking</a>, grape juice is combined with yeast in an <a href="/wiki/Hypoxia_(environmental)" title="Hypoxia (environmental)">anaerobic</a> environment to allow the fermentation.<sup id="cite_ref-cox_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cox-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The amount of sugar in the wine and the length of time given for fermentation determine the alcohol level and the <a href="/wiki/Sweetness_of_wine" title="Sweetness of wine">sweetness of the wine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Bird_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bird-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When <a href="/wiki/Brewing" title="Brewing">brewing</a> beer, there are four primary ingredients – water, grain, yeast and hops. The grain is encouraged to <a href="/wiki/Germinate" class="mw-redirect" title="Germinate">germinate</a> by soaking and drying in heat, a process known as <a href="/wiki/Malting" title="Malting">malting</a>. It is then milled before soaking again to create the sugars needed for fermentation. This process is known as <a href="/wiki/Mashing" title="Mashing">mashing</a>. Hops are added for flavouring, then the yeast is added to the mixture (now called <a href="/wiki/Wort" title="Wort">wort</a>) to start the fermentation process.<sup id="cite_ref-beer_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-beer-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Distillation">Distillation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drink&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Distillation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Distillation" title="Distillation">Distillation</a> and <a href="/wiki/Distilled_beverage" class="mw-redirect" title="Distilled beverage">Distilled beverage</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Liquor_Still_Frankfort_489226997.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Liquor_Still_Frankfort_489226997.jpg/170px-Liquor_Still_Frankfort_489226997.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Liquor_Still_Frankfort_489226997.jpg/255px-Liquor_Still_Frankfort_489226997.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Liquor_Still_Frankfort_489226997.jpg/340px-Liquor_Still_Frankfort_489226997.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="1280" /></a><figcaption>An old <a href="/wiki/Whiskey" class="mw-redirect" title="Whiskey">whiskey</a> <a href="/wiki/Still" title="Still">still</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Distillation is a method of <a href="/wiki/Separation_process" title="Separation process">separating</a> <a href="/wiki/Mixture" title="Mixture">mixtures</a> based on differences in <a href="/wiki/Volatility_(physics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Volatility (physics)">volatility</a> of components in a boiling liquid mixture. It is one of the methods used in the purification of water. It is also a method of producing spirits from milder alcoholic drinks. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mixing">Mixing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drink&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Mixing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Cocktail" title="Cocktail">Cocktail</a></div> <p>An <a href="/wiki/Alcoholic_drink" class="mw-redirect" title="Alcoholic drink">alcoholic</a> <a href="/wiki/Mixed_drink" title="Mixed drink">mixed drink</a> that contains two or more ingredients is referred to as a cocktail. Cocktails were originally a mixture of spirits, sugar, water, and <a href="/wiki/Bitters" title="Bitters">bitters</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The term is now often used for almost any mixed drink that contains alcohol, including mixers, mixed shots, etc.<sup id="cite_ref-Regan_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Regan-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A cocktail today usually contains one or more kinds of spirit and one or more <a href="/wiki/Drink_mixer" title="Drink mixer">mixers</a>, such as <a href="/wiki/Carbonated_water" title="Carbonated water">soda</a> or <a href="/wiki/Fruit_juice" class="mw-redirect" title="Fruit juice">fruit juice</a>. Additional ingredients may be <a href="/wiki/Sugar" title="Sugar">sugar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Honey" title="Honey">honey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Milk" title="Milk">milk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cream" title="Cream">cream</a>, and various <a href="/wiki/Herb" title="Herb">herbs</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Type">Type</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drink&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Type"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Non-alcoholic_drinks">Non-alcoholic drinks</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drink&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Non-alcoholic drinks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ice_water_with_lemon.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Ice_water_with_lemon.jpg/170px-Ice_water_with_lemon.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Ice_water_with_lemon.jpg/255px-Ice_water_with_lemon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Ice_water_with_lemon.jpg/340px-Ice_water_with_lemon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="1280" /></a><figcaption>Ice water with a slice of <a href="/wiki/Lemon" title="Lemon">lemon</a></figcaption></figure> <p>A <a href="/wiki/Non-alcoholic_drink" title="Non-alcoholic drink">non-alcoholic drink</a> is one that contains little or no <a href="/wiki/Ethanol" title="Ethanol">alcohol</a>. This category includes <a href="/wiki/Low-alcohol_beer" title="Low-alcohol beer">low-alcohol beer</a>, non-alcoholic <a href="/wiki/Wine" title="Wine">wine</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Apple_cider" title="Apple cider">apple cider</a> if they contain a sufficiently low concentration of <a href="/wiki/Alcohol_by_volume" title="Alcohol by volume">alcohol by volume</a> (ABV). The exact definition of what is "non-alcoholic" and what is not depends on local laws: in the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>, "alcohol-free beer" is under 0.05% ABV, "de-alcoholised beer" is under 0.5%, while "low-alcohol beer" can contain no more than 1.2% ABV.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The term "soft drink" specifies the absence of alcohol in contrast to "hard drink" and "drink". The term "drink" is theoretically neutral, but often is used in a way that suggests alcoholic content. Drinks such as soda pop, <a href="/wiki/Sparkling_water" class="mw-redirect" title="Sparkling water">sparkling water</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iced_tea" title="Iced tea">iced tea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lemonade" title="Lemonade">lemonade</a>, <a href="/wiki/Root_beer" title="Root beer">root beer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fruit_punch" class="mw-redirect" title="Fruit punch">fruit punch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Milk" title="Milk">milk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hot_chocolate" title="Hot chocolate">hot chocolate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tea" title="Tea">tea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coffee" title="Coffee">coffee</a>, <a href="/wiki/Milkshake" title="Milkshake">milkshakes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tap_water" title="Tap water">tap water</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bottled_water" title="Bottled water">bottled water</a>, <a href="/wiki/Juice" title="Juice">juice</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Energy_drink" title="Energy drink">energy drinks</a> are all soft drinks. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Water">Water</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drink&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Water"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Drinking_water" title="Drinking water">Drinking water</a> and <a href="/wiki/Water_resources" title="Water resources">Water resources</a></div> <p>Water is the world's most consumed drink,<sup id="cite_ref-Griffiths_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Griffiths-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> however, 97% of water on Earth is non-drinkable salt water.<sup id="cite_ref-USGS_dist_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USGS_dist-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fresh water is found in rivers, lakes, wetlands, groundwater, and frozen glaciers.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Less than 1% of the Earth's fresh water supplies are accessible through surface water and underground sources which are cost effective to retrieve.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In western cultures, water is often drunk cold. In the Chinese culture, it is typically drunk hot.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Milk">Milk</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drink&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Milk"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Milk" title="Milk">Milk</a> is regarded as one of the "original" drinks;<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> milk is the primary source of nutrition for babies. In many cultures of the world, especially the Western world, humans continue to consume dairy milk beyond infancy, using the milk of other animals (especially <a href="/wiki/Cattle" title="Cattle">cattle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Goat_milk" title="Goat milk">goats</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sheep_milk" title="Sheep milk">sheep</a>) as a drink. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Carbonated_drinks">Carbonated drinks</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drink&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Carbonated drinks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Carbonation" title="Carbonation">Carbonation</a> and <a href="/wiki/Soft_drink" title="Soft drink">Soft drink</a></div> <p>Carbonated drinks refer to drinks which have carbon dioxide dissolved into them. This can happen naturally through fermenting and in natural water spas or artificially by the dissolution of carbon dioxide under pressure. The first commercially available artificially carbonated drink is believed to have been produced by Thomas Henry in the late 1770s.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cola, orange, various roots, ginger, and lemon/lime are commonly used to create non-alcoholic carbonated drinks; sugars and preservatives may be added later.<sup id="cite_ref-SIVASANKAR_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SIVASANKAR-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The most consumed carbonated soft drinks are produced by three major global brands: <a href="/wiki/Coca-Cola" title="Coca-Cola">Coca-Cola</a>, <a href="/wiki/PepsiCo" title="PepsiCo">PepsiCo</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Dr_Pepper_Snapple_Group" title="Dr Pepper Snapple Group">Dr Pepper Snapple Group</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Hot_drinks">Hot drinks<span class="anchor" id="Hot_drink"></span></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drink&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Hot drinks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>These drinks are often served warm or hot. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Coffee">Coffee</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drink&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Coffee"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_small_cup_of_coffee.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/A_small_cup_of_coffee.JPG/220px-A_small_cup_of_coffee.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/A_small_cup_of_coffee.JPG/330px-A_small_cup_of_coffee.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/A_small_cup_of_coffee.JPG/440px-A_small_cup_of_coffee.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>A cup of black <a href="/wiki/Coffee" title="Coffee">coffee</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Coffee" title="Coffee">Coffee</a> is a <a href="/wiki/Drip_brew" class="mw-redirect" title="Drip brew">brewed</a> drink prepared from the roasted seeds of several species of an <a href="/wiki/Evergreen" title="Evergreen">evergreen</a> <a href="/wiki/Shrub" title="Shrub">shrub</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Genus" title="Genus">genus</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Coffea" title="Coffea">Coffea</a></i>. The two most common sources of coffee beans are the highly regarded <i><a href="/wiki/Coffea_arabica" title="Coffea arabica">Coffea arabica</a></i>, and the "robusta" form of the hardier <i><a href="/wiki/Coffea_canephora" title="Coffea canephora">Coffea canephora</a></i>. Coffee plants are cultivated in <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_coffee_production" title="List of countries by coffee production">more than 70 countries</a>. Once ripe, coffee <a href="/wiki/Epigynous_berries" class="mw-redirect" title="Epigynous berries">"berries"</a> are picked, processed, and dried to yield the seeds inside. The seeds are then roasted to varying degrees, depending on the desired flavor, before being ground and brewed to create coffee. </p><p>Coffee is slightly <a href="/wiki/Acidic" class="mw-redirect" title="Acidic">acidic</a> (pH 5.0–5.1<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) and can have a stimulating effect on humans because of its <a href="/wiki/Caffeine" title="Caffeine">caffeine</a> content. It is one of the most popular drinks in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-Villanueva_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Villanueva-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability"><span title="The material near this tag failed verification of its source citation(s). (October 2022)">failed verification</span></a></i>]</sup> It can be prepared and presented in a variety of ways. The effect of coffee on human health has been a subject of many studies; however, results have varied in terms of coffee's relative benefit.<sup id="cite_ref-kummer2003p160_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kummer2003p160-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Coffee cultivation first took place in southern <a href="/wiki/Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabia">Arabia</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-Wein34_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wein34-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the earliest credible evidence of coffee-drinking appears in the middle of the 15th century in the <a href="/wiki/Sufism" title="Sufism">Sufi</a> shrines of <a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Wein34_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wein34-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Coffee may have been used socially in the <a href="/wiki/Renaissance" title="Renaissance">renaissance period</a> of the <a href="/wiki/17th_century" title="17th century">17th century</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The increasing trades between <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> and <a href="/wiki/North_Africa" title="North Africa">North Africa</a> regions made coffee more widely available to Europeans gathering at social locations that served coffee, possibly contributing to the growth of <a href="/wiki/Coffeehouse" title="Coffeehouse">coffeehouses</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Hot_chocolate">Hot chocolate</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drink&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Hot chocolate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Hot_chocolate" title="Hot chocolate">Hot chocolate</a>, also known as drinking chocolate or cocoa, is a heated drink consisting of shaved <a href="/wiki/Chocolate" title="Chocolate">chocolate</a>, melted chocolate or <a href="/wiki/Cocoa_solids" title="Cocoa solids">cocoa powder</a>, heated milk or water, and usually a sweetener. Hot chocolate may be topped with whipped cream. Hot chocolate made with melted chocolate is sometimes called drinking chocolate, characterized by less sweetness and a thicker consistency.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first chocolate drink is believed to have been created by the <a href="/wiki/Maya_civilization" title="Maya civilization">Mayans</a> around 2,500-3,000 years ago, and a cocoa drink was an essential part of <a href="/wiki/Aztec" class="mw-redirect" title="Aztec">Aztec</a> culture by 1400 AD, by which they referred to as xocōlātl.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Trivedi_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Trivedi-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The drink became popular in Europe after being introduced from Mexico in the <a href="/wiki/New_World" title="New World">New World</a> and has undergone multiple changes since then. Until the 19th century, hot chocolate was even used medicinally to treat ailments such as liver and stomach diseases. </p><p>Hot chocolate is consumed throughout the world and comes in multiple variations, including the spiced <i>chocolate para mesa</i> of Latin America, the very thick <i>cioccolata calda</i> served in Italy and <i>chocolate a la taza</i> served in Spain, and the thinner hot cocoa consumed in the United States. Prepared hot chocolate can be purchased from a range of establishments, including <a href="/wiki/Cafeteria" title="Cafeteria">cafeterias</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fast_food_restaurant" class="mw-redirect" title="Fast food restaurant">fast food restaurants</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coffeehouse" title="Coffeehouse">coffeehouses</a> and <a href="/wiki/Teahouse" title="Teahouse">teahouses</a>. Powdered hot chocolate mixes, which can be added to boiling water or hot milk to make the drink at home, are sold at <a href="/wiki/Grocery_store" title="Grocery store">grocery stores</a> and <a href="/wiki/Online" class="mw-redirect" title="Online">online</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Tea">Tea</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drink&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Tea"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Tea" title="Tea">Tea</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tea_leaves_steeping_in_a_zhong_%C4%8Daj_05.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Tea_leaves_steeping_in_a_zhong_%C4%8Daj_05.jpg/170px-Tea_leaves_steeping_in_a_zhong_%C4%8Daj_05.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Tea_leaves_steeping_in_a_zhong_%C4%8Daj_05.jpg/255px-Tea_leaves_steeping_in_a_zhong_%C4%8Daj_05.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Tea_leaves_steeping_in_a_zhong_%C4%8Daj_05.jpg/340px-Tea_leaves_steeping_in_a_zhong_%C4%8Daj_05.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Oolong" title="Oolong">Oolong</a> tea</figcaption></figure> <p>Tea, the second most consumed drink in the world, is produced from infusing dried leaves of the <i>Camellia sinensis</i> shrub, in boiling water.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are many ways in which tea is prepared for consumption: lemon or milk and sugar are among the most common additives worldwide. Other additions include butter and salt in <a href="/wiki/Bhutan" title="Bhutan">Bhutan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tibet" title="Tibet">Tibet</a>; <a href="/wiki/Bubble_tea" title="Bubble tea">bubble tea</a> in <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>; fresh ginger in Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore; mint in North Africa and <a href="/wiki/Senegalese_tea_culture" title="Senegalese tea culture">Senegal</a>; cardamom in Central Asia; rum to make <a href="/wiki/Jagertee" title="Jagertee">Jagertee</a> in Central Europe; and coffee to make <a href="/wiki/Yuanyang_(drink)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yuanyang (drink)">yuanyang</a> in Hong Kong. Tea is also served differently from country to country: in <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> and <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a> tiny cups are used to serve tea; in Thailand and the United States tea is often served cold (as "<a href="/wiki/Iced_tea" title="Iced tea">iced tea</a>") or with a lot of sweetener; Indians boil tea with milk and a blend of spices as <a href="/wiki/Masala_chai" title="Masala chai">masala chai</a>; tea is brewed with a <a href="/wiki/Samovar" title="Samovar">samovar</a> in Iran, <a href="/wiki/Kashmir" title="Kashmir">Kashmir</a>, Russia and Turkey; and in the Australian <a href="/wiki/Outback" title="Outback">Outback</a> it is traditionally brewed in a <a href="/wiki/Billycan" title="Billycan">billycan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tea leaves can be processed in different ways resulting in a drink which appears and tastes different. Chinese yellow and green tea are steamed, roasted and dried; Oolong tea is semi-oxidised and appears green-black and black teas are fully oxidised.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Herbal_tea">Herbal tea</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drink&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Herbal tea"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Tisane" class="mw-redirect" title="Tisane">Tisane</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mint-tea.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Mint-tea.jpg/220px-Mint-tea.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Mint-tea.jpg/330px-Mint-tea.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Mint-tea.jpg/440px-Mint-tea.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="499" /></a><figcaption>Mint tea is a popular tisane.</figcaption></figure> <p>Around the world, people refer to other herbal infusions as "teas"; it is also argued that these were popular long before the <i>Camellia sinensis</i> shrub was used for tea making.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Leaves, flowers, roots or bark can be used to make a herbal infusion and can be bought fresh, dried or powdered.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Juice_and_plant_drinks">Juice and plant drinks</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drink&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Juice and plant drinks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Oranges_and_orange_juice.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Oranges_and_orange_juice.jpg/170px-Oranges_and_orange_juice.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="259" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Oranges_and_orange_juice.jpg/255px-Oranges_and_orange_juice.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Oranges_and_orange_juice.jpg/340px-Oranges_and_orange_juice.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1772" data-file-height="2700" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Orange_(fruit)" title="Orange (fruit)">Orange</a> <a href="/wiki/Juice" title="Juice">juice</a> is usually served cold.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Juice" title="Juice">Fruit juice</a> is a natural product that contains few or no additives. Citrus products such as <a href="/wiki/Orange_juice" title="Orange juice">orange juice</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tangerine" title="Tangerine">tangerine</a> juice are familiar breakfast drinks, while <a href="/wiki/Grapefruit_juice" title="Grapefruit juice">grapefruit juice</a>, pineapple, apple, grape, lime, and lemon juice are also common. <a href="/wiki/Coconut_water" title="Coconut water">Coconut water</a> is a highly nutritious and refreshing juice. Many kinds of berries are crushed; their juices are mixed with water and sometimes sweetened. Raspberry, blackberry and <a href="/wiki/Ribes" title="Ribes">currants</a> are popular juices drinks but the percentage of water also determines their nutritive value. Grape juice allowed to ferment produces <a href="/wiki/Wine" title="Wine">wine</a>. </p><p>Fruits are highly perishable so the ability to extract juices and store them was of significant value. Some fruits are highly acidic and mixing them with water and sugars or honey was often necessary to make them palatable. Fruits can also be blended with ice and other ingredients to make a <a href="/wiki/Smoothie" title="Smoothie">smoothie</a>. Early storage of fruit juices was labor-intensive, requiring the crushing of the fruits and the mixing of the resulting pure juices with sugars before bottling. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Type of fruit drink <sup id="cite_ref-Food_Science_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Food_Science-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th> <th>Percentage of fruit needed in drink</th> <th>Description </th></tr> <tr> <td>Fruit juice</td> <td>100%<sup id="cite_ref-Ashurst_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ashurst-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>Largely regulated throughout the world; 'juice' is often protected to be used for only 100% fruit.<sup id="cite_ref-Ashurst_50-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ashurst-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fruit juice concentrate</td> <td>100%<sup id="cite_ref-Food_Science_49-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Food_Science-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>Water removed from fruit juice by heating or freezing.<sup id="cite_ref-SIVASANKAR_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SIVASANKAR-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fruit nectar<sup id="cite_ref-Chandrasekaran_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chandrasekaran-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>30%<sup id="cite_ref-Chandrasekaran_51-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chandrasekaran-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>Mixture of fruit pulp, sugar and water which is consumed as 'one shot'.<sup id="cite_ref-Chandrasekaran_51-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Chandrasekaran-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fruit punch</td> <td>25%<sup id="cite_ref-Food_Science_49-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Food_Science-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>A mixture of fruit juices. Contains around 65% sugar.<sup id="cite_ref-Food_Science_49-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Food_Science-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fruit squash</td> <td>25%<sup id="cite_ref-Food_Science_49-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Food_Science-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>Produced using strained fruit juice, 45% sugar and preservatives.<sup id="cite_ref-Food_Science_49-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Food_Science-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fruit drink</td> <td>10%<sup id="cite_ref-SIVASANKAR_34-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SIVASANKAR-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Food_Science_49-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Food_Science-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>Fruit is liquefied and water added.<sup id="cite_ref-Food_Science_49-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Food_Science-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fruit cordial</td> <td>0%<sup id="cite_ref-Cooper_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cooper-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>All 'suspended matter' is eliminated by filtration or clarification.<sup id="cite_ref-Food_Science_49-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Food_Science-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and therefore appears clear<sup id="cite_ref-SIVASANKAR_34-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SIVASANKAR-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This type of drink, if described as 'flavoured,' may not have any amount of fruit.<sup id="cite_ref-Cooper_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cooper-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Carbonated fruit drink</td> <td>-</td> <td>Carbon dioxide added to fruit drink.<sup id="cite_ref-Food_Science_49-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Food_Science-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fruit sherbet<sup id="cite_ref-Desai_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Desai-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>-</td> <td>Cooled drink of sweetened diluted fruit juice.<sup id="cite_ref-Desai_53-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Desai-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fruit syrup</td> <td>-</td> <td>1 fruit crushed into puree and left to ferment. Is then heated with sugar to create syrup.<sup id="cite_ref-SIVASANKAR_34-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SIVASANKAR-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Food_Science_49-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Food_Science-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/Vegetable_juice" title="Vegetable juice">Vegetable juices</a> are usually served warm or cold. Different types of vegetables can be used to make vegetable juice such as <a href="/wiki/Carrot" title="Carrot">carrots</a>, tomatoes, <a href="/wiki/Cucumber" title="Cucumber">cucumbers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Celery" title="Celery">celery</a> and many more. Some vegetable juices are mixed with some fruit juice to make the vegetable juice taste better. Many popular vegetable juices, particularly ones with high tomato content, are high in sodium, and therefore consumption of them for health must be carefully considered. Some vegetable juices provide the same health benefits as whole vegetables in terms of reducing risks of <a href="/wiki/Cardiovascular_disease" title="Cardiovascular disease">cardiovascular disease</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cancer" title="Cancer">cancer</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Plant_milk" title="Plant milk">Plant milk</a> is a general term for any milk-like product that is derived from a plant source. The most common varieties internationally are <a href="/wiki/Soy_milk" title="Soy milk">soy milk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Almond_milk" title="Almond milk">almond milk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rice_milk" title="Rice milk">rice milk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coconut_milk" title="Coconut milk">coconut milk</a> and <a href="/wiki/Oat_milk" title="Oat milk">oat milk</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sleep_drinks">Sleep drinks</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drink&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Sleep drinks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A <a href="/wiki/Nightcap_(drink)" title="Nightcap (drink)">nightcap</a> is a drink taken shortly before bedtime to induce sleep. For example, a small <a href="/wiki/Alcoholic_drink" class="mw-redirect" title="Alcoholic drink">alcoholic drink</a> or a cup of <a href="/wiki/Sleep_induction" title="Sleep induction">warm milk</a> can supposedly promote a good night's sleep. Today, most nightcaps and <a href="/wiki/Relaxation_drink" title="Relaxation drink">relaxation drinks</a> are generally non-alcoholic beverages containing calming ingredients. They are considered beverages which serve to relax a person. Unlike other calming beverages, such as <a href="/wiki/Tea" title="Tea">tea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Warm_milk" title="Warm milk">warm milk</a> or <a href="/wiki/Milk" title="Milk">milk</a> with <a href="/wiki/Honey" title="Honey">honey</a>; relaxation drinks almost universally contain more than one active ingredient. Relaxation drinks have been known to contain other natural ingredients and are usually free of <a href="/wiki/Caffeine" title="Caffeine">caffeine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alcohol_(drug)" title="Alcohol (drug)">alcohol</a> but some have claimed to contain <a href="/wiki/Cannabis_(drug)" title="Cannabis (drug)">marijuana</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alcoholic_drinks">Alcoholic drinks</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drink&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Alcoholic drinks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Alcoholic_beverage" title="Alcoholic beverage">Alcoholic beverage</a></div> <p>A drink is considered "alcoholic" if it contains <a href="/wiki/Ethanol" title="Ethanol">ethanol</a>, commonly known as <a href="/wiki/Alcohol_(drug)" title="Alcohol (drug)">alcohol</a> (although in <a href="/wiki/Chemistry" title="Chemistry">chemistry</a> the definition of "alcohol" includes many other compounds). <a href="/wiki/Beer" title="Beer">Beer</a> has been a part of human civilisation for around 8,000 years.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Beer">Beer</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drink&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Beer"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Beer" title="Beer">Beer</a> is an <a href="/wiki/Alcoholic_drink" class="mw-redirect" title="Alcoholic drink">alcoholic drink</a> produced by the <a href="/wiki/Hydrolysis" title="Hydrolysis">saccharification</a> of <a href="/wiki/Starch" title="Starch">starch</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fermentation_(food)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fermentation (food)">fermentation</a> of the resulting sugar. The starch and saccharification <a href="/wiki/Enzyme" title="Enzyme">enzymes</a> are often derived from malted cereal grains, most commonly <a href="/wiki/Malt" title="Malt">malted</a> barley and malted wheat.<sup id="cite_ref-Barth_2014_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barth_2014-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most beer is also flavoured with <a href="/wiki/Hops" title="Hops">hops</a>, which <a href="/wiki/Bittering_agent" title="Bittering agent">add bitterness</a> and act as a natural <a href="/wiki/Preservative" title="Preservative">preservative</a>, though other flavourings such as herbs or fruit may occasionally be included. The preparation of beer is called <a href="/wiki/Brewing" title="Brewing">brewing</a>. Beer is the world's most widely consumed <a href="/wiki/Alcoholic_drink" class="mw-redirect" title="Alcoholic drink">alcoholic drink</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and is the third-most consumed drink overall, after <a href="/wiki/Drinking_water" title="Drinking water">water</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tea" title="Tea">tea</a>. It is said to have been discovered by goddess <a href="/wiki/Ninkasi" title="Ninkasi">Ninkasi</a> around 5300 BCE, when she accidentally discovered yeast after leaving grain in jars that were later rained upon and left for several days. Women have been the chief creators of beer throughout history due to its association with domesticity and it, throughout much of history, being brewed in the home for family consumption. Only in recent history have men begun to dabble in the field.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Nelson_2005_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nelson_2005-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is thought by some to be the oldest <a href="/wiki/Fermented_drink" class="mw-redirect" title="Fermented drink">fermented drink</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some of humanity's earliest known writings refer to the production and distribution of beer: the <a href="/wiki/Code_of_Hammurabi" title="Code of Hammurabi">Code of Hammurabi</a> included laws regulating beer and beer parlours,<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and "The Hymn to <a href="/wiki/Ninkasi" title="Ninkasi">Ninkasi</a>", a prayer to the Mesopotamian goddess of beer, served as both a prayer and as a method of remembering the recipe for beer in a culture with few literate people.<sup id="cite_ref-Nin-kasi_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nin-kasi-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sumer_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sumer-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Today, the brewing industry is a global business, consisting of several dominant <a href="/wiki/Multinational_corporation" title="Multinational corporation">multinational companies</a> and many thousands of smaller producers ranging from <a href="/wiki/Brewpubs" class="mw-redirect" title="Brewpubs">brewpubs</a> to <a href="/wiki/Regional_brewery" class="mw-redirect" title="Regional brewery">regional breweries</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Cider">Cider</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drink&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Cider"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Cider" title="Cider">Cider</a> is a <a href="/wiki/Fermentation_(food)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fermentation (food)">fermented</a> <a href="/wiki/Alcoholic_drink" class="mw-redirect" title="Alcoholic drink">alcoholic drink</a> made from <a href="/wiki/Fruit_juice" class="mw-redirect" title="Fruit juice">fruit juice</a>, most commonly and traditionally <a href="/wiki/Apple_juice" title="Apple juice">apple juice</a>, but also the juice of <a href="/wiki/Peach" title="Peach">peaches</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pear" title="Pear">pears</a> ("Perry" cider) or other fruit. Cider may be made from any variety of apple, but certain <a href="/wiki/Cultivar" title="Cultivar">cultivars</a> grown solely for use in cider are known as <a href="/wiki/Cider_apple" title="Cider apple">cider apples</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> has the highest per capita consumption of cider, as well as the largest cider-producing companies in the world,<sup id="cite_ref-cideruk_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cideruk-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2006<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Drink&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, the U.K. produces 600 million litres of cider each year (130 million imperial gallons).<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Wine">Wine</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drink&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Wine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:236px;max-width:236px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:112px;max-width:112px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:White_Wine_Glas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/White_Wine_Glas.jpg/110px-White_Wine_Glas.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/White_Wine_Glas.jpg/165px-White_Wine_Glas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/White_Wine_Glas.jpg/220px-White_Wine_Glas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="401" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:120px;max-width:120px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_Wine_Glass.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c0/Red_Wine_Glass.jpg/118px-Red_Wine_Glass.jpg" decoding="async" width="118" height="221" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c0/Red_Wine_Glass.jpg/177px-Red_Wine_Glass.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c0/Red_Wine_Glass.jpg/236px-Red_Wine_Glass.jpg 2x" data-file-width="428" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Wine_glass" title="Wine glass">Wine glasses</a> with <a href="/wiki/White_wine" title="White wine">white wine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Red_wine" title="Red wine">red wine</a></div></div></div></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Wine" title="Wine">Wine</a> is an <a href="/wiki/Alcoholic_drink" class="mw-redirect" title="Alcoholic drink">alcoholic drink</a> made from <a href="/wiki/Fermentation_(wine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fermentation (wine)">fermented</a> <a href="/wiki/Grape" title="Grape">grapes</a> or other fruits. The natural chemical balance of grapes lets them ferment without the addition of <a href="/wiki/Sugar" title="Sugar">sugars</a>, <a href="/wiki/Acid" title="Acid">acids</a>, <a href="/wiki/Enzyme" title="Enzyme">enzymes</a>, water, or other <a href="/wiki/Nutrient" title="Nutrient">nutrients</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Yeast_in_winemaking" title="Yeast in winemaking">Yeast consumes the sugars</a> in the grapes and converts them into <a href="/wiki/Ethanol" title="Ethanol">alcohol</a> and <a href="/wiki/Carbon_dioxide" title="Carbon dioxide">carbon dioxide</a>. Different varieties of grapes and strains of yeasts produce different styles of wine. The well-known variations result from the very complex interactions between the biochemical development of the fruit, reactions involved in fermentation, <a href="/wiki/Terroir" title="Terroir">terroir</a> and subsequent <a href="/wiki/Appellation" title="Appellation">appellation</a>, along with human intervention in the overall process. The final product may contain tens of thousands of chemical compounds in amounts varying from a few percent to a few parts per billion. </p><p>Wines made from produce besides grapes are usually named after the product from which they are produced (for example, <a href="/wiki/Rice_wine" title="Rice wine">rice wine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pomegranate" title="Pomegranate">pomegranate</a> wine, <a href="/wiki/Apfelwein" title="Apfelwein">apple wine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Elderberry_wine" class="mw-redirect" title="Elderberry wine">elderberry wine</a>) and are generically called <a href="/wiki/Fruit_wine" title="Fruit wine">fruit wine</a>. The term "wine" can also refer to starch-fermented or fortified drinks having higher alcohol content, such as <a href="/wiki/Barley_wine" title="Barley wine">barley wine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Huangjiu" title="Huangjiu">huangjiu</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Sake" title="Sake">sake</a>. </p><p>Wine has a rich history dating back thousands of years, with the earliest production so far discovered having occurred <span title="circa">c.</span><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 6000</span> BC in <a href="/wiki/Georgia_(country)" title="Georgia (country)">Georgia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-archaeology96_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-archaeology96-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Keys_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Keys-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Cultures_of_The_World_Georgia_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cultures_of_The_World_Georgia-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It had reached the <a href="/wiki/Balkans" title="Balkans">Balkans</a> by <span title="circa">c.</span><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 4500</span> BC and was consumed and celebrated in ancient <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece_and_wine" title="Ancient Greece and wine">Greece</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome_and_wine" title="Ancient Rome and wine">Rome</a>. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Whiskey_with_spherical_ice.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Whiskey_with_spherical_ice.jpg/158px-Whiskey_with_spherical_ice.jpg" decoding="async" width="158" height="211" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Whiskey_with_spherical_ice.jpg/238px-Whiskey_with_spherical_ice.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Whiskey_with_spherical_ice.jpg/316px-Whiskey_with_spherical_ice.jpg 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Whiskey" class="mw-redirect" title="Whiskey">Whiskey</a> served "<a href="/wiki/On_the_rocks" class="mw-redirect" title="On the rocks">on the rocks</a>"</figcaption></figure> <p>From its earliest appearance in written records, wine has also played an important role in religion. <a href="/wiki/Red_wine" title="Red wine">Red wine</a> was closely associated with <a href="/wiki/Blood" title="Blood">blood</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptians" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Egyptians">ancient Egyptians</a>, who, according to <a href="/wiki/Plutarch" title="Plutarch">Plutarch</a>, avoided its free consumption as late as the 7th-century BC <a href="/wiki/Saite_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Saite dynasty">Saite dynasty</a>, "thinking it to be the blood of those who had once battled against the gods".<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_religion" title="Ancient Greek religion">Greek</a> <a href="/wiki/Cult_of_Dionysus" title="Cult of Dionysus">cult</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dionysian_Mysteries" title="Dionysian Mysteries">mysteries</a> of <a href="/wiki/Dionysus" title="Dionysus">Dionysus</a>, carried on by the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Romans" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Romans">Romans</a> in their <a href="/wiki/Bacchanalia" title="Bacchanalia">Bacchanalia</a>, were the origins of western <a href="/wiki/Theater" class="mw-redirect" title="Theater">theater</a>. <a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Judaism</a> incorporates it in the <a href="/wiki/Kiddush" title="Kiddush">Kiddush</a> and <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a> in its <a href="/wiki/Eucharist" title="Eucharist">Eucharist</a>, while alcohol consumption was forbidden in <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Spirits">Spirits</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drink&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Spirits"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_alcoholic_drinks#Distilled_beverages" title="List of alcoholic drinks">List of alcoholic drinks § Distilled beverages</a></div> <p>Spirits are <a href="/wiki/Distilled_beverage" class="mw-redirect" title="Distilled beverage">distilled beverages</a> that contain no <a href="/wiki/Added_sugar" title="Added sugar">added sugar</a> and have at least 20% <a href="/wiki/Alcohol_by_volume" title="Alcohol by volume">alcohol by volume</a> (ABV). Popular spirits include <a href="/wiki/Borovi%C4%8Dka" title="Borovička">borovička</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brandy" title="Brandy">brandy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gin" title="Gin">gin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rum" title="Rum">rum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slivovitz" title="Slivovitz">slivovitz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tequila" title="Tequila">tequila</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vodka" title="Vodka">vodka</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Whisky" title="Whisky">whisky</a>. Brandy is a spirit created by distilling wine, whilst vodka may be distilled from any <a href="/wiki/Starch" title="Starch">starch</a>- or <a href="/wiki/Sugar" title="Sugar">sugar</a>-rich plant matter; most vodka today is produced from <a href="/wiki/Cereal" title="Cereal">grains</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Sorghum" title="Sorghum">sorghum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maize" title="Maize">corn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rye" title="Rye">rye</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Wheat" title="Wheat">wheat</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_culture">In culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drink&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: In culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Places_to_drink">Places to drink</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drink&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Places to drink"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vincent_van_Gogh_(1853-1890)_Caf%C3%A9terras_bij_nacht_(place_du_Forum)_Kr%C3%B6ller-M%C3%BCller_Museum_Otterlo_23-8-2016_13-35-40.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Vincent_van_Gogh_%281853-1890%29_Caf%C3%A9terras_bij_nacht_%28place_du_Forum%29_Kr%C3%B6ller-M%C3%BCller_Museum_Otterlo_23-8-2016_13-35-40.JPG/220px-Vincent_van_Gogh_%281853-1890%29_Caf%C3%A9terras_bij_nacht_%28place_du_Forum%29_Kr%C3%B6ller-M%C3%BCller_Museum_Otterlo_23-8-2016_13-35-40.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="274" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Vincent_van_Gogh_%281853-1890%29_Caf%C3%A9terras_bij_nacht_%28place_du_Forum%29_Kr%C3%B6ller-M%C3%BCller_Museum_Otterlo_23-8-2016_13-35-40.JPG/330px-Vincent_van_Gogh_%281853-1890%29_Caf%C3%A9terras_bij_nacht_%28place_du_Forum%29_Kr%C3%B6ller-M%C3%BCller_Museum_Otterlo_23-8-2016_13-35-40.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Vincent_van_Gogh_%281853-1890%29_Caf%C3%A9terras_bij_nacht_%28place_du_Forum%29_Kr%C3%B6ller-M%C3%BCller_Museum_Otterlo_23-8-2016_13-35-40.JPG/440px-Vincent_van_Gogh_%281853-1890%29_Caf%C3%A9terras_bij_nacht_%28place_du_Forum%29_Kr%C3%B6ller-M%C3%BCller_Museum_Otterlo_23-8-2016_13-35-40.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2864" data-file-height="3568" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Cafe_Terrace_at_Night" class="mw-redirect" title="Cafe Terrace at Night">Cafe Terrace at Night</a></i>, September 1888, by <a href="/wiki/Vincent_van_Gogh" title="Vincent van Gogh">Vincent van Gogh</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Throughout history, people have come together in establishments to socialise whilst drinking. This includes cafés and <a href="/wiki/Coffeehouse" title="Coffeehouse">coffeehouses</a>, focus on providing hot drinks as well as light snacks. Many coffee houses in the <a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a>, and in <a href="/wiki/West_Asia" title="West Asia">West Asian</a> immigrant districts in the <a href="/wiki/Western_world" title="Western world">Western world</a>, offer <i>shisha</i> (<i>nargile</i> in Turkish and Greek), flavored tobacco smoked through a <a href="/wiki/Hookah" title="Hookah">hookah</a>. <a href="/wiki/Coffeehouse#Espresso_bars" title="Coffeehouse">Espresso bars</a> are a type of coffeehouse that specialize in serving <a href="/wiki/Espresso" title="Espresso">espresso</a> and espresso-based drinks. </p><p>In China and Japan, the establishment would be a <a href="/wiki/Tea_house" class="mw-redirect" title="Tea house">tea house</a>, where people would socialise while drinking tea. Chinese scholars have used the teahouse as a place to share ideas. </p><p>Alcoholic drinks are served in <a href="/wiki/Drinking_establishments" class="mw-redirect" title="Drinking establishments">drinking establishments</a>, which have different cultural connotations. For example, <a href="/wiki/Pub" title="Pub">pubs</a> are fundamental to the culture of <a href="/wiki/British_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="British culture">The United Kingdom</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-EB_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Ireland#Food_and_drink" title="Culture of Ireland">Ireland</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Australian_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian culture">Australia</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_England" title="New England">New England</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metro_Detroit" title="Metro Detroit">Metro Detroit</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_New_Zealand" title="Culture of New Zealand">New Zealand</a>. In many places, especially in villages, a pub can be the focal point of the community. The writings of <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Pepys" title="Samuel Pepys">Samuel Pepys</a> describe the pub as the heart of England. Many pubs are controlled by breweries, so <a href="/wiki/Cask_ale" class="mw-redirect" title="Cask ale">cask ale</a> or <a href="/wiki/Keg_beer" class="mw-redirect" title="Keg beer">keg beer</a> may be a better value than wines and spirits. </p><p>In contrast, types of bars range from seedy bars or nightclubs, sometimes termed "dive bars",<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to elegant places of entertainment for the elite. Bars provide <a href="/wiki/Bar_stool" title="Bar stool">stools</a> or chairs that are placed at tables or counters for their patrons. The term "bar" is derived from the <a href="/wiki/Bar_(counter)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bar (counter)">specialized counter</a> on which drinks are served. Some bars have entertainment on a stage, such as a live band, comedians, <a href="/wiki/Go-Go_dancing" class="mw-redirect" title="Go-Go dancing">go-go dancers</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Striptease" title="Striptease">strippers</a>. Patrons may sit or stand at the bar and be served by the <a href="/wiki/Bartender" title="Bartender">bartender</a>, or they may sit at tables and be served by cocktail servers. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Matching_with_food">Matching with food</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drink&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Matching with food"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Wine_and_food_matching" class="mw-redirect" title="Wine and food matching">Wine and food matching</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Champagne_flute_and_bottle.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Champagne_flute_and_bottle.jpg/170px-Champagne_flute_and_bottle.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Champagne_flute_and_bottle.jpg/255px-Champagne_flute_and_bottle.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Champagne_flute_and_bottle.jpg/340px-Champagne_flute_and_bottle.jpg 2x" data-file-width="907" data-file-height="1282" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Champagne_flute" class="mw-redirect" title="Champagne flute">Champagne flute</a> and <a href="/wiki/Champagne_bottle" class="mw-redirect" title="Champagne bottle">bottle</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Human_food" title="Human food">Food</a> and drink are often paired together to enhance the taste experience. This primarily happens with wine and a culture has grown up around the process. Weight, flavors and textures can either be contrasted or complemented.<sup id="cite_ref-Oldman_pg_219–235_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oldman_pg_219–235-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In recent years, food magazines began to suggest particular wines with recipes and restaurants would offer multi-course dinners matched with a specific wine for each course.<sup id="cite_ref-MacNeil_pg_83-88_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MacNeil_pg_83-88-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Presentation">Presentation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drink&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Presentation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Different drinks have unique receptacles for their consumption. This is sometimes purely for presentations purposes, such as for cocktails. In other situations, the drinkware has practical application, such as coffee cups which are designed for insulation or <a href="/wiki/Snifter" title="Snifter">brandy snifters</a> which are designed to encourage evaporation but trap the aroma within the glass. </p><p>Many glasses include a stem, which allows the drinker to hold the glass without affecting the temperature of the drink. In champagne glasses, the bowl is designed to retain champagne's signature <a href="/wiki/Carbonation" title="Carbonation">carbonation</a>, by reducing the <a href="/wiki/Surface_area" title="Surface area">surface area</a> at the opening of the bowl. Historically, champagne has been served in a <a href="/wiki/Champagne_coupe" class="mw-redirect" title="Champagne coupe">champagne coupe</a>, the shape of which allowed carbonation to dissipate even more rapidly than from a standard <a href="/wiki/Wine_glass" title="Wine glass">wine glass</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Commercial_trade">Commercial trade</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drink&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Commercial trade"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International_exports_and_imports">International exports and imports</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drink&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: International exports and imports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An important export commodity, coffee was the top agricultural export for twelve countries in 2004,<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and it was the world's seventh-largest legal agricultural export by value in 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Green (unroasted) coffee is one of the most traded agricultural commodities in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Investment">Investment</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drink&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Investment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some drinks, such as wine, can be used as an <a href="/wiki/Alternative_investment" title="Alternative investment">alternative investment</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This can be achieved by either purchasing and reselling individual bottles or cases of particular wines, or purchasing shares in an investment wine fund that pools investors' capital.<sup id="cite_ref-ifwic_buying_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ifwic_buying-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drink&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Goblet_Glass_%28Banquet%29.svg/16px-Goblet_Glass_%28Banquet%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Goblet_Glass_%28Banquet%29.svg/24px-Goblet_Glass_%28Banquet%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Goblet_Glass_%28Banquet%29.svg/33px-Goblet_Glass_%28Banquet%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="239" data-file-height="408" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Drink" title="Portal:Drink">Drink portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem-relax.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Emblem-relax.svg/28px-Emblem-relax.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Emblem-relax.svg/42px-Emblem-relax.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Emblem-relax.svg/56px-Emblem-relax.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Coffee" title="Portal:Coffee">Coffee portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_beverages" class="mw-redirect" title="List of beverages">List of beverages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_hot_drinks" title="List of hot drinks">List of hot drinks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_drinks" title="List of national drinks">List of national drinks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_food_and_drink_monuments" title="List of food and drink monuments">List of food and drink monuments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweetened_beverage" title="Sweetened beverage">Sweetened beverage</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drink&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-u797-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-u797_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFStone2014" class="citation web cs1">Stone, Daniel (2014-04-28). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nationalgeographic.com/culture/article/the-worlds-top-drink">"The World's Top Drink"</a>. <i>Culture</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-07-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Culture&rft.atitle=The+World%27s+Top+Drink&rft.date=2014-04-28&rft.aulast=Stone&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationalgeographic.com%2Fculture%2Farticle%2Fthe-worlds-top-drink&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cheney-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cheney_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cheney_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCheney1947" class="citation journal cs1">Cheney, Ralph (July 1947). "The Biology and Economics of the Beverage Industry". <i>Economic Botany</i>. <b>1</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">243–</span>275. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fbf02858570">10.1007/bf02858570</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/4251857">4251857</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:20752304">20752304</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Economic+Botany&rft.atitle=The+Biology+and+Economics+of+the+Beverage+Industry&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E243-%3C%2Fspan%3E275&rft.date=1947-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A20752304%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F4251857%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fbf02858570&rft.aulast=Cheney&rft.aufirst=Ralph&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Liquid_Pleasure-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Liquid_Pleasure_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurnett2012" class="citation book cs1">Burnett, John (2012). <i>Liquid Pleasures: A Social History of Drinks in Modern Britain</i>. Routledge. pp. <span class="nowrap">1–</span>20. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-134-78879-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-134-78879-8"><bdi>978-1-134-78879-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Liquid+Pleasures%3A+A+Social+History+of+Drinks+in+Modern+Britain&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1-%3C%2Fspan%3E20&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-1-134-78879-8&rft.aulast=Burnett&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-independent8k-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-independent8k_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKeys2003" class="citation news cs1">Keys, David (2003-12-28). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/now-thats-what-you-call-a-real-vintage-professor-unearths-8000yearold-wine-84179.html">"Now that's what you call a real vintage: professor unearths 8,000-year-old wine"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-03-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Independent&rft.atitle=Now+that%27s+what+you+call+a+real+vintage%3A+professor+unearths+8%2C000-year-old+wine&rft.date=2003-12-28&rft.aulast=Keys&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fscience%2Fnow-thats-what-you-call-a-real-vintage-professor-unearths-8000yearold-wine-84179.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-archaeology96-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-archaeology96_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-archaeology96_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBerkowitz1996" class="citation journal cs1">Berkowitz, Mark (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.archaeology.org/9609/newsbriefs/wine.html">"World's Earliest Wine"</a>. <i>Archaeology</i>. <b>49</b> (5). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 June</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archaeology&rft.atitle=World%27s+Earliest+Wine&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=5&rft.date=1996&rft.aulast=Berkowitz&rft.aufirst=Mark&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.archaeology.org%2F9609%2Fnewsbriefs%2Fwine.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cultures_of_The_World_Georgia-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cultures_of_The_World_Georgia_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cultures_of_The_World_Georgia_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpillingWong2008" class="citation book cs1">Spilling, Michael; Wong, Winnie (2008). <i>Cultures of The World Georgia</i>. p. 128. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7614-3033-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7614-3033-9"><bdi>978-0-7614-3033-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cultures+of+The+World+Georgia&rft.pages=128&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-7614-3033-9&rft.aulast=Spilling&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.au=Wong%2C+Winnie&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-indie-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-indie_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEllsworth2012" class="citation news cs1">Ellsworth, Amy (18 July 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120826123906/http://www.penn.museum/blog/collection/125th-anniversary-object-of-the-day/7000-year-old-wine-jar-object-of-the-day-24/">"7,000 Year-old Wine Jar"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 March</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=7%2C000+Year-old+Wine+Jar&rft.date=2012-07-18&rft.aulast=Ellsworth&rft.aufirst=Amy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.penn.museum%2Fblog%2Fcollection%2F125th-anniversary-object-of-the-day%2F7000-year-old-wine-jar-object-of-the-day-24%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.stonepages.com/news/archives/000123.html">[1]</a> <i>Prehistoric brewing: the true story</i>, 22 October 2001, Archaeo News. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2010-09-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Dreher+Breweries%2C+Beer-history&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dreherrt.hu%2Fportal%2Fmain.php%3Fheading_id%3D27%26article_id%3D%26language%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMirsky2007" class="citation journal cs1">Mirsky, Steve (May 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071016205228/http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?chanID=sa006&articleID=E699E9C7-E7F2-99DF-38A7329520CF67D6&colID=15">"Ale's Well with the World"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Scientific_American" title="Scientific American">Scientific American</a></i>. <b>296</b> (5): 102. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007SciAm.296e.102M">2007SciAm.296e.102M</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fscientificamerican0507-102">10.1038/scientificamerican0507-102</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?chanID=sa006&articleID=E699E9C7-E7F2-99DF-38A7329520CF67D6&colID=15">the original</a> on 16 October 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 November</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Beer%3A+The+Midwife+of+Civilization&rft.date=2006-08-27&rft.aulast=Dornbusch&rft.aufirst=Horst&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aina.org%2Fata%2F20060827151956.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFProtz2004" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Roger_Protz" title="Roger Protz">Protz, Roger</a> (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.beer-pages.com/stories/complete-guide-beer.htm">"The Complete Guide to World Beer"</a>. <q>When people of the ancient world realised they could make bread and beer from grain, they stopped roaming and settled down to cultivate cereals in recognisable communities.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Complete+Guide+to+World+Beer&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Protz&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.beer-pages.com%2Fstories%2Fcomplete-guide-beer.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-storyoftea-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-storyoftea_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMary_Lou_HeissRobert_J._Heiss" class="citation book cs1">Mary Lou Heiss; Robert J. Heiss. <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/storyofteacultur0000heis"><i>The Story of Tea: A Cultural History and Drinking Guide</i></a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Story+of+Tea%3A+A+Cultural+History+and+Drinking+Guide&rft.au=Mary+Lou+Heiss&rft.au=Robert+J.+Heiss&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fstoryofteacultur0000heis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Beverage_Book-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Beverage_Book_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Beverage_Book_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Beverage_Book_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKatsigrisThomas,_Chris2006" class="citation book cs1">Katsigris, Costas; Thomas, Chris (2006). <i>The Bar and Beverage Book</i>. John Wiley and Sons. pp. <span class="nowrap">5–</span>10. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-470-07344-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-470-07344-5"><bdi>978-0-470-07344-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Bar+and+Beverage+Book&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E5-%3C%2Fspan%3E10&rft.pub=John+Wiley+and+Sons&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-470-07344-5&rft.aulast=Katsigris&rft.aufirst=Costas&rft.au=Thomas%2C+Chris&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPankhurst1968" class="citation book cs1">Pankhurst, Richard (1968). <i>Economic History of Ethiopia</i>. Addis Ababa: <a href="/wiki/Addis_Ababa_University" title="Addis Ababa University">Haile Selassie I University</a>. p. 198.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Economic+History+of+Ethiopia&rft.place=Addis+Ababa&rft.pages=198&rft.pub=Haile+Selassie+I+University&rft.date=1968&rft.aulast=Pankhurst&rft.aufirst=Richard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hopkins2006-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-hopkins2006_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHopkins2006" class="citation web cs1">Hopkins, Kate (March 24, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121120105621/http://accidentalhedonist.com/food-stories-the-sultans-coffee-prohibition/">"Food Stories: The Sultan's Coffee Prohibition"</a>. <i>Accidental Hedonist</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://accidentalhedonist.com/food-stories-the-sultans-coffee-prohibition/">the original</a> on November 20, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 3,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Accidental+Hedonist&rft.atitle=Food+Stories%3A+The+Sultan%27s+Coffee+Prohibition&rft.date=2006-03-24&rft.aulast=Hopkins&rft.aufirst=Kate&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faccidentalhedonist.com%2Ffood-stories-the-sultans-coffee-prohibition%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/combating_diseasepart1lowres.pdf"><i>Combating Waterborne Diseases at the Household Level</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization">World Health Organization</a>. 2007. p. 11. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-92-4-159522-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-92-4-159522-3"><bdi>978-92-4-159522-3</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080521162853/http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/publications/combating_diseasepart1lowres.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2008-05-21.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Combating+Waterborne+Diseases+at+the+Household+Level&rft.pages=11&rft.pub=World+Health+Organization&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-92-4-159522-3&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.who.int%2Fwater_sanitation_health%2Fpublications%2Fcombating_diseasepart1lowres.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-wilson-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wilson_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilson1943" class="citation cs2">Wilson, G. 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(1943), "The Pasteurization of Milk", <i>British Medical Journal</i>, <b>1</b> (4286): <span class="nowrap">261–</span>262, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1136%2Fbmj.1.4286.261">10.1136/bmj.1.4286.261</a>, <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2282302">2282302</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20784713">20784713</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=British+Medical+Journal&rft.atitle=The+Pasteurization+of+Milk&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=4286&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E261-%3C%2Fspan%3E262&rft.date=1943&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2282302%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F20784713&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1136%2Fbmj.1.4286.261&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=G.+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/percolated">"percolate"</a>. <i>Merriam Webster</i>. 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-01-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=percolate&rft.btitle=Merriam+Webster&rft.date=2008&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fdictionary%2Fpercolated&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cox-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cox_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jeff Cox <i>"From Vines to Wines: The Complete Guide to Growing Grapes and Making Your Own Wine"</i> pgs 133–136 Storey Publishing 1999 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-58017-105-2" title="Special:BookSources/1-58017-105-2">1-58017-105-2</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bird-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bird_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">D. Bird <i>"Understanding Wine Technology"</i> pg 67–73 DBQA Publishing 2005 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-891267-91-4" title="Special:BookSources/1-891267-91-4">1-891267-91-4</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-beer-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-beer_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMatthew_Schaefer2012" class="citation book cs1">Matthew Schaefer (15 Feb 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yjLqQPU_DzYC&pg=PT197"><i>The Illustrated Guide to Brewing Beer</i></a>. Skyhorse Publishing Inc. p. 197. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-61608-463-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-61608-463-9"><bdi>978-1-61608-463-9</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 November</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Illustrated+Guide+to+Brewing+Beer&rft.pages=197&rft.pub=Skyhorse+Publishing+Inc.&rft.date=2012-02-15&rft.isbn=978-1-61608-463-9&rft.au=Matthew+Schaefer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyjLqQPU_DzYC%26pg%3DPT197&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomas,_Jerry1862" class="citation book cs1">Thomas, Jerry (1862). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/howtomixdrinkso00schugoog"><i>How To Mix Drinks</i></a>. Dick & Fitzgerald.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=How+To+Mix+Drinks&rft.pub=Dick+%26+Fitzgerald&rft.date=1862&rft.au=Thomas%2C+Jerry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhowtomixdrinkso00schugoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Regan-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Regan_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRegan,_Gary2003" class="citation book cs1">Regan, Gary (2003). <i>The Joy of Mixology</i>. Potter.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Joy+of+Mixology&rft.pub=Potter&rft.date=2003&rft.au=Regan%2C+Gary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDeGroff,_Dale2002" class="citation book cs1">DeGroff, Dale (2002). <i>The Craft of the Cocktail</i>. Potter.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Craft+of+the+Cocktail&rft.pub=Potter&rft.date=2002&rft.au=DeGroff%2C+Dale&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.drinkaware.co.uk/alcohol-facts/alcoholic-drinks-units/alcoholic-and-non-alcoholic-beers/">"Differences between alcoholic and non-alcoholic beers"</a>. <i>www.drinkaware.co.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.drinkaware.co.uk&rft.atitle=Differences+between+alcoholic+and+non-alcoholic+beers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.drinkaware.co.uk%2Falcohol-facts%2Falcoholic-drinks-units%2Falcoholic-and-non-alcoholic-beers%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Griffiths-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Griffiths_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGriffiths2007" class="citation book cs1">Griffiths, John (2007). <i>Tea: The Drink That Changed the World</i>. Andre Deutsch. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-233-00212-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-233-00212-5"><bdi>978-0-233-00212-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tea%3A+The+Drink+That+Changed+the+World&rft.pub=Andre+Deutsch&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-233-00212-5&rft.aulast=Griffiths&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-USGS_dist-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-USGS_dist_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ga.water.usgs.gov/edu/waterdistribution.html">"Earth's water distribution"</a>. United States Geological Survey<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Hot water. Really"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Reaktion Books. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isbn_9781861897763/page/7">7</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-86189-892-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-86189-892-0"><bdi>978-1-86189-892-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tea%3A+A+Global+History&rft.pages=7&rft.pub=Reaktion+Books&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-86189-892-0&rft.aulast=Saberi&rft.aufirst=Helen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fisbn_9781861897763&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGibsonRycroft,_J.A.2011" class="citation book cs1">Gibson, E.L.; Rycroft, J.A. 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Springer. pp. <span class="nowrap">621–</span>623. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-387-92271-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-387-92271-3"><bdi>978-0-387-92271-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=41&rft.btitle=Psychological+and+Physiological+Consequences+of+Drinking+Tea+in+Handbook+of+Behavior%2C+Food+and+Nutrition&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E621-%3C%2Fspan%3E623&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-387-92271-3&rft.aulast=Gibson&rft.aufirst=E.L.&rft.au=Rycroft%2C+J.A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKuAEPOPbW6MC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMars2009" class="citation book cs1">Mars, Brigitte (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=iFvyKltCvngC"><i>Healing Herbal Teas: A Complete Guide to Making Delicious, Healthful Beverages</i></a>. ReadHowYouWant.com. pp. vi. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4429-6955-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4429-6955-1"><bdi>978-1-4429-6955-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Healing+Herbal+Teas%3A+A+Complete+Guide+to+Making+Delicious%2C+Healthful+Beverages&rft.pages=vi&rft.pub=ReadHowYouWant.com&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-4429-6955-1&rft.aulast=Mars&rft.aufirst=Brigitte&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DiFvyKltCvngC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSafi2001" class="citation book cs1">Safi, Tammy (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zyTGfrmSbXYC"><i>Healthy Teas: Green, Black, Herbal, Fruit</i></a> (Illustrated ed.). 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New Age International. p. 269. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-224-1481-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-224-1481-3"><bdi>978-81-224-1481-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Food+Science&rft.pages=269&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=New+Age+International&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-81-224-1481-3&rft.aulast=Srilakshmi&rft.aufirst=B.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_pRVkS6nUPEC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ashurst-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ashurst_50-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ashurst_50-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAshurst1994" class="citation book cs1">Ashurst, Philip R. 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Springer. pp. <span class="nowrap">360–</span>362. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8342-1289-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8342-1289-3"><bdi>978-0-8342-1289-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Production+and+Packaging+of+Non-Carbonated+Fruit+Juices+and+Fruit+Beverages&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E360-%3C%2Fspan%3E362&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-0-8342-1289-3&rft.aulast=Ashurst&rft.aufirst=Philip+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DocZhAHR5Ne0C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Chandrasekaran-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Chandrasekaran_51-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chandrasekaran_51-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Chandrasekaran_51-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChandrasekaran2012" class="citation book cs1">Chandrasekaran, M. (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OthTmvtweg4C"><i>Valorization of Food Processing By-Products</i></a>. Fermented foods and drinks series. CRC Press. p. 595. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4398-4885-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4398-4885-2"><bdi>978-1-4398-4885-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Valorization+of+Food+Processing+By-Products&rft.series=Fermented+foods+and+drinks+series&rft.pages=595&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-1-4398-4885-2&rft.aulast=Chandrasekaran&rft.aufirst=M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOthTmvtweg4C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cooper-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Cooper_52-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Cooper_52-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCooper1970" class="citation book cs1">Cooper, Derek (1970). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=faI9AAAAIAAJ"><i>The Beverage Report</i></a>. 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CRC Press. p. 231. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4200-0161-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4200-0161-7"><bdi>978-1-4200-0161-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Handbook+of+Nutrition+and+Diet&rft.series=Food+Science+and+Technology&rft.pages=231&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-1-4200-0161-7&rft.au=Desai&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNrCkt1-UWikC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArnold2005" class="citation book cs1">Arnold, John P (2005). <i>Origin and History of Beer and Brewing: From Prehistoric Times to the Beginning of Brewing Science and Technology</i> (Reprint ed.). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 October</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=European+Beer+Guide&rft.atitle=Volume+of+World+Beer+Production&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.europeanbeerguide.net%2Feustats.htm%23production&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShoemaker2017" class="citation cs2">Shoemaker, Camille (May 2017), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.womenshistory.org/articles/women-beverage-changed-world"><i>Women & the Beverage that Changed the World.</i></a>, National Women's History Museum</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Women+%26+the+Beverage+that+Changed+the+World.&rft.pub=National+Women%27s+History+Museum&rft.date=2017-05&rft.aulast=Shoemaker&rft.aufirst=Camille&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.womenshistory.org%2Farticles%2Fwomen-beverage-changed-world&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nelson_2005-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Nelson_2005_58-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNelson2005" class="citation book cs1">Nelson, Max (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6xul0O_SI1MC&q=most+consumed+beverage&pg=PA1"><i>The Barbarian's Beverage: A History of Beer in Ancient Europe</i></a>. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. p. 1. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-31121-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-31121-2"><bdi>978-0-415-31121-2</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 January</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Alchemy+of+Culture%3A+Intoxicants+in+Society&rft.place=London&rft.pages=411&rft.pub=British+Museum+Press&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-0-7141-1736-2&rft.aulast=Rudgley&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D5baAAAAAMAAJ%26q%3DThe%2BAlchemy%2Bof%2BCulture&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArnold2005" class="citation book cs1">Arnold, John P (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=O5CPAAAACAAJ&q=Origin+and+History+of+Beer+and+Brewing"><i>Origin and History of Beer and Brewing: From Prehistoric Times to the Beginning of Brewing Science and Technology</i></a>. 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Simon & Schuster. pp. <span class="nowrap">11–</span>6. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-671-79182-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-671-79182-7"><bdi>978-0-671-79182-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Vintage%3A+The+Story+of+Wine&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E11-%3C%2Fspan%3E6&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-0-671-79182-7&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Keys-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Keys_70-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKeys2003" class="citation news cs1">Keys, David (28 December 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111005120059/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/now-thats-what-you-call-a-real-vintage-professor-unearths-8000yearold-wine-577863.html">"Now that's what you call a real vintage: professor unearths 8,000-year-old wine"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a></i>. 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Retrieved 3 July 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.insiders-scotland-guide.com/ScottishPubs.html">"Scottish pubs"</a>. Insiders-scotland-guide.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Oldman "Oldman's Guide to Outsmarting Wine" pg 219–235 Penguin Books 2004 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-14-200492-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-14-200492-8">0-14-200492-8</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MacNeil_pg_83-88-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MacNeil_pg_83-88_78-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">K. 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FAO Statistics Division. 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://faostat.fao.org/site/343/DesktopDefault.aspx?PageID=343">the original</a> on October 14, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 24,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=FAOSTAT+Core+Trade+Data+%28commodities%2Fyears%29&rft.pub=FAO+Statistics+Division&rft.date=2007&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffaostat.fao.org%2Fsite%2F343%2FDesktopDefault.aspx%3FPageID%3D343&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrink" class="Z3988"></span> To retrieve export values: Select the "commodities/years" tab. Under "subject", select "Export value of primary commodity." Under "country," select "World." Under "commodity," hold down the shift key while selecting all commodities under the "single commodity" category. Select the desired year and click "show data." A list of all commodities and their export values will be displayed.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMussattoMachadoMartinsTeixeira2011" class="citation journal cs1">Mussatto, Solange I.; Machado, Ercília M. S.; Martins, Silvia; Teixeira, José A. (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://repositorium.sdum.uminho.pt/bitstream/1822/22361/1/fulltext.pdf">"Production, Composition, and Application of Coffee and Its Industrial Residues"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Food and Bioprocess Technology</i>. <b>4</b> (5): <span class="nowrap">661–</span>72. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs11947-011-0565-z">10.1007/s11947-011-0565-z</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/1822%2F22361">1822/22361</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:27800545">27800545</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160508145804/http://repositorium.sdum.uminho.pt/bitstream/1822/22361/1/fulltext.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2016-05-08.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Food+and+Bioprocess+Technology&rft.atitle=Production%2C+Composition%2C+and+Application+of+Coffee+and+Its+Industrial+Residues&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E661-%3C%2Fspan%3E72&rft.date=2011&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F1822%2F22361&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A27800545%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs11947-011-0565-z&rft.aulast=Mussatto&rft.aufirst=Solange+I.&rft.au=Machado%2C+Erc%C3%ADlia+M.+S.&rft.au=Martins%2C+Silvia&rft.au=Teixeira%2C+Jos%C3%A9+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frepositorium.sdum.uminho.pt%2Fbitstream%2F1822%2F22361%2F1%2Ffulltext.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreenwood2008" class="citation news cs1">Greenwood, John (2008-10-06). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/personalfinance/investing/3144943/First-class-returns-for-alternative-investments.html">"First class returns for alternative investments"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=First+class+returns+for+alternative+investments&rft.date=2008-10-06&rft.aulast=Greenwood&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Ffinance%2Fpersonalfinance%2Finvesting%2F3144943%2FFirst-class-returns-for-alternative-investments.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ifwic_buying-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ifwic_buying_83-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120116094028/http://www.ifwic.org/wine-investment-guide/buying-wine-for-investment.php">"Buying wine for investment"</a>. IFWIC.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ifwic.org/wine-investment-guide/buying-wine-for-investment.php">the original</a> on 16 January 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 January</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Buying+wine+for+investment&rft.pub=IFWIC.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ifwic.org%2Fwine-investment-guide%2Fbuying-wine-for-investment.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrink" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drink&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKummer2003" class="citation book cs1">Kummer, Corby (August 19, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qNLrJqgfg7wC"><i>The Joy of Coffee: The Essential guide to Buying, Brewing, and Enjoying</i></a>. Boston: <a href="/wiki/Houghton_Mifflin" class="mw-redirect" title="Houghton Mifflin">Houghton Mifflin</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-618-30240-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-618-30240-6"><bdi>978-0-618-30240-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Joy+of+Coffee%3A+The+Essential+guide+to+Buying%2C+Brewing%2C+and+Enjoying&rft.place=Boston&rft.pub=Houghton+Mifflin&rft.date=2003-08-19&rft.isbn=978-0-618-30240-6&rft.aulast=Kummer&rft.aufirst=Corby&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqNLrJqgfg7wC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrink" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a 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class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Beverages" class="extiw" title="commons:Beverages"><span style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Beverages</span></a>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Beverages#Q40050" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Beverages">Beverages</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHana_LaRock2019" class="citation web cs1">Hana LaRock (30 Aug 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnn.com/travel/article/most-unusual-drinks-world/index.html">"8 of the world's most unusual drinks"</a>. <i>CNN</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=8+of+the+world%27s+most+unusual+drinks&rft.date=2019-08-30&rft.au=Hana+LaRock&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2Ftravel%2Farticle%2Fmost-unusual-drinks-world%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADrink" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/16px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/24px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/32px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> <a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Cookbook:Beverages" class="extiw" title="wikibooks:Cookbook:Beverages">Beverages</a> at the Wikibooks Cookbook subproject</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ec.europa.eu/health-eu/my_lifestyle/alcohol/index_en.htm">Health-EU Portal – Alcohol</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://wikibooks.org/wiki/Cookbook">Wikibooks Cookbook</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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.navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Meals_navbox" title="Template:Meals navbox"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Meals_navbox" title="Template talk:Meals navbox"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Meals_navbox" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Meals navbox"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Meals471" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Meal" title="Meal">Meals</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Common meals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Suhur" title="Suhur">Suhur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breakfast" title="Breakfast">Breakfast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_breakfast" title="Second breakfast">Second breakfast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elevenses" title="Elevenses">Elevenses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Break_(work)" title="Break (work)">Coffee break</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brunch" title="Brunch">Brunch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunch" title="Lunch">Lunch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_(meal)" title="Tea (meal)">Tea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merienda" title="Merienda">Merienda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiffin" title="Tiffin">Tiffin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinner" title="Dinner">Dinner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supper" title="Supper">Supper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iftar" title="Iftar">Iftar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siu_yeh" title="Siu yeh">Siu yeh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Components<br />and <a href="/wiki/Course_(food)" title="Course (food)">courses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ap%C3%A9ritif_and_digestif" title="Apéritif and digestif">Apéritif and digestif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hors_d%27oeuvre" title="Hors d'oeuvre">Hors d'oeuvre</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amuse-bouche" title="Amuse-bouche">Amuse-bouche</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soup" title="Soup">Soup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entr%C3%A9e" title="Entrée">Entrée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roasting" title="Roasting">Roast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Main_course" title="Main course">Main course</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salad" title="Salad">Salad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Side_dish" title="Side dish">Side dish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entremets" class="mw-redirect" title="Entremets">Entremets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dessert" title="Dessert">Dessert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savoury_(dish)" title="Savoury (dish)">Savoury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meal_replacement" title="Meal replacement">Meal replacement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snack" title="Snack">Snack</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Foodservice#Table_service" title="Foodservice">Table service</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buffet" title="Buffet">Buffet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sm%C3%B6rg%C3%A5sbord" class="mw-redirect" title="Smörgåsbord">smörgåsbord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conveyor_belt_sushi" title="Conveyor belt sushi">Conveyor belt sushi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dish_(food)" title="Dish (food)">Dish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finger_food" title="Finger food">Finger food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Full-course_dinner" title="Full-course dinner">Full-course dinner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platter_(dinner)" class="mw-redirect" title="Platter (dinner)">Platter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rod%C3%ADzio" title="Rodízio">Rodízio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Service_%C3%A0_la_fran%C3%A7aise" title="Service à la française">Service à la française</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Service_%C3%A0_la_russe" title="Service à la russe">Service à la russe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silver_service" title="Silver service">Silver service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_plates" title="Small plates">Small plates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_reservation" title="Table reservation">Table reservation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Presentation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al_fresco_dining" class="mw-redirect" title="Al fresco dining">Al fresco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dining_room" title="Dining room">Dining room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_eating_utensils" title="List of eating utensils">Eating utensils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_presentation" title="Food presentation">Food presentation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garnish_(cooking)" title="Garnish (cooking)">Garnish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyotaimori" title="Nyotaimori">Nyotaimori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pi%C3%A8ce_mont%C3%A9e" title="Pièce montée">Pièce montée</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serving_size" title="Serving size">Serving size</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_setting" title="Table setting">Table setting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tablecloth" title="Tablecloth">Tablecloth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tableware" title="Tableware">Tableware</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dining</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dress_code" title="Dress code">Dress code</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_manners" title="Table manners">Table manners</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eating_utensil_etiquette" title="Eating utensil etiquette">Eating utensil etiquette</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toast_(honor)" title="Toast (honor)">Toast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waiting_staff" title="Waiting staff">Waiting staff</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional styles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anju_(food)" title="Anju (food)">Anju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antipasto" title="Antipasto">Antipasto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cicchetti" title="Cicchetti">Cicchetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banchan" title="Banchan">Banchan</a> / <a href="/wiki/Korean_table_d%27h%C3%B4te" class="mw-redirect" title="Korean table d'hôte">Korean table d'hôte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bandeja_paisa" title="Bandeja paisa">Bandeja paisa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dastarkh%C4%81n" title="Dastarkhān">Dastarkhān</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dim_sum" title="Dim sum">Dim sum</a> / <a href="/wiki/Yum_cha" title="Yum cha">Yum cha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fika_(Sweden)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fika (Sweden)">Fika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Izakaya" title="Izakaya">Izakaya</a> / <a href="/wiki/Sakana" title="Sakana">Sakana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaiseki" title="Kaiseki">Kaiseki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meat_and_three" title="Meat and three">Meat and three</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meze" title="Meze">Meze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okazuya" title="Okazuya">Okazuya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plate_lunch" title="Plate lunch">Plate lunch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pu_pu_platter" title="Pu pu platter">Pu pu platter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rice_and_three" title="Rice and three">Rice and three</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rijsttafel" title="Rijsttafel">Rijsttafel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadhya" class="mw-redirect" title="Sadhya">Sadhya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sm%C3%B6rg%C3%A5sbord" class="mw-redirect" title="Smörgåsbord">Smörgåsbord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapas" title="Tapas">Tapas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thali" title="Thali">Thali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiffin" title="Tiffin">Tiffin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zakuski" title="Zakuski">Zakuski</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Packed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Airline_meal" title="Airline meal">Airline meal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bento" title="Bento">Bento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convenience_food" title="Convenience food">Convenience food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dosirak" title="Dosirak">Dosirak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekiben" title="Ekiben">Ekiben</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_rations" title="Emergency rations">Emergency rations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fast_food" title="Fast food">Fast food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Field_ration" title="Field ration">Field ration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frozen_meal" title="Frozen meal">Frozen meal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instant_breakfast" title="Instant breakfast">Instant breakfast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C5%ABbako" title="Jūbako">Jūbako</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninja_diet" class="mw-redirect" title="Ninja diet">Ninja diet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Packed_lunch" title="Packed lunch">Packed lunch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_food" title="Space food">Space food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Take-out" title="Take-out">Take-out</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Menu" title="Menu">Menus</a> and<br />meal deals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%80_la_carte" title="À la carte">À la carte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue-plate_special" title="Blue-plate special">Blue-plate special</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combination_meal" title="Combination meal">Combination meal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_lunch" title="Free lunch">Free lunch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_refill" title="Free refill">Free refill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Happy_hour" title="Happy hour">Happy hour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kids%27_meal" title="Kids' meal">Kids' meal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/School_meal" title="School meal">School meal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suspended_meal" title="Suspended meal">Suspended meal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_d%27h%C3%B4te" title="Table d'hôte">Table d'hôte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tasting_menu" title="Tasting menu">Tasting menu</a> / <a href="/wiki/Degustation" title="Degustation">Degustation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Value_menu" title="Value menu">Value menu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Communal_meal" title="Communal meal">Communal meals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banquet" title="Banquet">Banquet</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/State_banquet" title="State banquet">State banquet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barbecue" title="Barbecue">Barbecue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commercium" title="Commercium">Commercium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dining_in" title="Dining in">Dining in</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iftar" title="Iftar">Iftar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picnic" title="Picnic">Picnic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potluck" title="Potluck">Potluck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seder" class="mw-redirect" title="Seder">Seder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sittning" title="Sittning">Sittning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soup_kitchen" title="Soup kitchen">Soup kitchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supra_(feast)" title="Supra (feast)">Supra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tableround" class="mw-redirect" title="Tableround">Tableround</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_party" title="Tea party">Tea party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Catering" title="Catering">Catering</a> and<br /><a href="/wiki/Food_delivery" title="Food delivery">food delivery</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Food_delivery" title="Food delivery">Food delivery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Online_food_ordering" title="Online food ordering">Online food ordering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_restaurant" title="Virtual restaurant">Virtual restaurant</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Places to eat</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coffeehouse" title="Coffeehouse">Café</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cafeteria" title="Cafeteria">Cafeteria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dining_room" title="Dining room">Dining room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_truck" title="Food truck">Food truck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inn" title="Inn">Inn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitchen" title="Kitchen">Kitchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mess" title="Mess">Mess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picnic_table" title="Picnic table">Picnic table</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Restaurant" title="Restaurant">Restaurant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soup_kitchen" title="Soup kitchen">Soup kitchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_food" title="Street food">Street food</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tavern" title="Tavern">Tavern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traiteur_(culinary_profession)" title="Traiteur (culinary profession)">Traiteur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coffee_culture" title="Coffee culture">Coffee culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cook_(profession)" title="Cook (profession)">Cook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cookbook" title="Cookbook">Cookbook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooking" title="Cooking">Cooking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chef" title="Chef">Chef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culinary_arts" title="Culinary arts">Culinary arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine" title="Cuisine">Cuisine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_cuisines" title="Outline of cuisines">outline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Drink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eating" title="Eating">Eating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food" title="Food">Food</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_food_and_beverage_topics" title="Lists of food and beverage topics">Lists of food and beverage topics</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meal_preparation" title="Meal preparation">Meal preparation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_food_preparation" title="Outline of food preparation">Outline of food preparation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salumeria" title="Salumeria">Salumeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_culture" title="Tea culture">Tea culture</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Meals" title="Category:Meals">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Meals" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Meals">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40050#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1493" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40050#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1493" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40050#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4020783-3">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85013504">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119763597">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119763597">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00564149">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="nápoje"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph115502&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Bebidas"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX4576261">Spain</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007284612405171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10637997">NARA</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Drink&oldid=1272826027">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Drink&oldid=1272826027</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Drinks" title="Category:Drinks">Drinks</a></li><li><a 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