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Wade Overturned</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/reproductive-health-impact-study" hreflang="en">Reproductive Health Impact Study</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/adding-it-up" class="link--ruled" hreflang="en">Adding It Up</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/global/abortion" hreflang="en">Abortion Worldwide</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/guttmacher-lancet-commission" hreflang="en">Guttmacher-Lancet Commission</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/monthly-abortion-provision-study" class="link--ruled" hreflang="en">Monthly Abortion Provision Study</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/us-policy-resources" hreflang="en">US policy resources</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/state-policy-resources" hreflang="en">State policy resources</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/state-policy" hreflang="en">State legislation tracker</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div class="l__region 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href="/policy-analysis" class="link--ruled" hreflang="en">Policy analysis</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/gpr?volume=24&language=en" hreflang="en">Guttmacher Policy Review</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/opinion" class="link--ruled" hreflang="en">Opinion</a></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="paragraph paragraph--type--link-list paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="c-link-list c-link-list--default"><div class="c-link-list__heading"><h2>Fact Sheets</h2></div><div class="c-link-list__content"><ul class="c-link-list__list"><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/global/fact-sheets" hreflang="en">Global</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/united-states/fact-sheets" hreflang="en">United States</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/state-policy/laws-policies" hreflang="en">US State Laws and Policies</a></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="paragraph paragraph--type--link-list paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="c-link-list c-link-list--default"><div class="c-link-list__heading"><h2>Data, Videos & Visualizations</h2></div><div class="c-link-list__content"><ul class="c-link-list__list"><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="https://data.guttmacher.org/regions" hreflang="en">Data center</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/videos" hreflang="en">Videos</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/infographics" hreflang="en">Infographics</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/public-use-datasets" hreflang="en">Public-use data sets</a></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="paragraph paragraph--type--link-list paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="c-link-list c-link-list--default"><div class="c-link-list__heading"><h2>Peer-reviewed Journals</h2></div><div class="c-link-list__content"><ul class="c-link-list__list"><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/journals/ipsrh" hreflang="en">International Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health (1975–2020)</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/journals/psrh" hreflang="en">Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health (1969–2020) </a></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div></div></nav></div></div><div class="paragraph paragraph--type--layout-megamenu paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="c-header-panel-container c-header-panel-container--left"><button class="c-header-tab c-header-tab--topics js-header__tab" role="tab" aria-selected="false" aria-controls="header-desktop__panel--topics">Topics</button><nav id="header-desktop__panel--topics" class="c-header-panel js-header__panel" role="tabpanel" aria-hidden="true" data-region="topics"><div class="Topics topics left l--megamenu"><div class="l__region l__main"><div class="l__region-inner"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type--link-list paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="c-link-list c-link-list--default"><div class="c-link-list__heading"><h2>Global</h2></div><div class="c-link-list__content"><ul class="c-link-list__list"><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/global/abortion" hreflang="en">Abortion</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/global/contraception" hreflang="en">Contraception</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/global/hiv-stis" hreflang="en">HIV & STIs</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/global/pregnancy" hreflang="en">Pregnancy</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/global/teens" hreflang="en">Teens</a></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="paragraph paragraph--type--link-list paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="c-link-list c-link-list--default"><div class="c-link-list__heading"><h2>US</h2></div><div class="c-link-list__content"><ul class="c-link-list__list"><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/united-states/abortion" hreflang="en">Abortion</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/united-states/contraception" hreflang="en">Contraception</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/united-states/hiv-stis" hreflang="en">HIV & STIs</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/united-states/pregnancy" hreflang="en">Pregnancy</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/united-states/teens" hreflang="en">Teens</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div></div></nav></div></div><div class="paragraph paragraph--type--layout-megamenu paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="c-header-panel-container c-header-panel-container--right"><button class="c-header-tab c-header-tab--regions js-header__tab" role="tab" aria-selected="false" aria-controls="header-desktop__panel--regions">Regions</button><nav id="header-desktop__panel--regions" class="c-header-panel js-header__panel" role="tabpanel" aria-hidden="true" data-region="regions"><div class="Regions regions right l--megamenu"><div class="l__region l__main"><div class="l__region-inner"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type--link-list paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="c-link-list c-link-list--default"><div class="c-link-list__heading"><h2>Our Work by Geography</h2></div><div class="c-link-list__content"><ul class="c-link-list__list"><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/regions/global" hreflang="en">Global</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/regions/africa" class="link--ruled" hreflang="en">Africa</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/regions/asia" hreflang="en">Asia</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/regions/europe" hreflang="en">Europe</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/regions/latin-america-caribbean" hreflang="en">Latin America & the Caribbean</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/regions/northern-america" hreflang="en">Northern America</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/regions/oceania" hreflang="en">Oceania</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div></div></nav></div></div><div class="paragraph paragraph--type--layout-megamenu paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="c-header-panel-container c-header-panel-container--left"><button class="c-header-tab c-header-tab--about js-header__tab" role="tab" aria-selected="false" aria-controls="header-desktop__panel--about">About</button><nav id="header-desktop__panel--about" class="c-header-panel js-header__panel" role="tabpanel" aria-hidden="true" data-region="about"><div class="About about left l--megamenu"><div class="l__region l__main"><div class="l__region-inner"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type--link-list paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="c-link-list c-link-list--default"><div class="c-link-list__heading"><h2>Who We Are</h2></div><div class="c-link-list__content"><ul class="c-link-list__list"><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/about" hreflang="en">About</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/about/staff" hreflang="en">Staff</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/about/board" hreflang="en">Board</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/about/job-opportunities" hreflang="en">Job opportunities</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/newsletters" hreflang="en">Newsletter</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/about/history" hreflang="en">History</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/about/contact" hreflang="en">Contact</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/financial-conflict-interest-policy" class="link--ruled link--secondary" hreflang="en">Conflict of Interest Policy</a></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="paragraph paragraph--type--link-list paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="c-link-list c-link-list--default"><div class="c-link-list__heading"><h2>Media</h2></div><div class="c-link-list__content"><ul class="c-link-list__list"><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/media-office" hreflang="en">Media office</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/search/site?f%5B0%5D=type%3ANews%20Release" hreflang="en">News releases</a></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="paragraph paragraph--type--link-list paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="c-link-list c-link-list--default"><div class="c-link-list__heading"><h2>Support Our Work</h2></div><div class="c-link-list__content"><ul class="c-link-list__list"><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="https://give.guttmacher.org/give/654347/#!/donation/checkout" hreflang="en">Make a gift today</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="https://give.guttmacher.org/give/110766/#!/donation/checkout" hreflang="en">Monthly Giving Circle</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/donate/support-our-work" hreflang="en">Ways to Give</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/guttmacher-guardians" hreflang="en">Guttmacher Guardians</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/donate/planned-giving" hreflang="en">Guttmacher Legacy Circle</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/about/financials" class="link--ruled link--secondary" hreflang="en">Financials</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="https://www.guttmacher.org/2024-impact-report" hreflang="en">2024 Impact Report</a></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="paragraph paragraph--type--link-list paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="c-link-list c-link-list--default"><div class="c-link-list__heading"><h2>Awards & Scholarships</h2></div><div class="c-link-list__content"><ul class="c-link-list__list"><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/darroch-award-excellence-sexual-and-reproductive-health-research" hreflang="en">Darroch Award</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/cory-l-richards-memorial-scholarship" hreflang="en">Richards Scholarship</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/bixby-international-leadership-fellowship" hreflang="en">Bixby Fellowship</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div></div></nav></div></div> </div> </div> <div class="c-header-desktop__donate"> <a href="https://give.guttmacher.org/give/550565/#!/donation/checkout" class="c-header-donate-button">Donate</a> </div> </div> </div> </header> <header id="header--sticky" class="c-header c-header-mobile" aria-role="banner"> <div id="header-control-panel" class="header-control-panel"> <div class="c-header-mobile__branding"> <a href="/" class="c-header-mobile__logo link--block"> <img src="/themes/custom/gutt/logo.svg?gutt" alt="Guttmacher Institute"/> </a> </div> <div class="header__sticky--secondary"> <div class="header-donate"> <a href="https://give.guttmacher.org/give/550565/#!/donation/checkout" class="c-header-donate-button">Donate</a> </div> <button class="header-toggle toggle" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="header-drawer">Menu</button> </div> </div> <div id="header-drawer" class="c-header__drawer"> <div class="c-header__drawer-inner"> <div class="c-header-mobile__primary"> <div class="c-header-mobile__search"> <div class="c-header-search-form"> <div class="search-form search-api-form-block l--stack" data-drupal-selector="search-api-form" id="block-searchapiform-2"> <form class="search-form l--stack--tight" action="/search/site" method="get" id="search-api-form" accept-charset="UTF-8"> <form action="/search/site" method="get" id="search-api-form" accept-charset="UTF-8" class="l--stack--tight"> <div class="js-form-item form-item js-form-type-search form-item-terms js-form-item-terms form-no-label"> <label class="c-label form-item__label visually-hidden" for="edit-terms">Search</label> <input title="Enter the terms you wish to search for." class="search-form__input form-search form-element form-element--type-search form-element--api-search" data-drupal-selector="edit-terms" type="search" id="edit-terms" name="terms" value="" size="15" maxlength="128" placeholder="" /> </div> <div class="search-form__actions form-actions js-form-wrapper form-wrapper" data-drupal-selector="edit-actions" id="edit-actions"><input class="search-form__button button js-form-submit form-submit" data-drupal-selector="edit-submit" type="submit" id="edit-submit" value="Search" /> </div> </form> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="c-header-mobile__main-menu"> <div id="block-mainmegamenu" class="block-content-742b3d35-44d3-4923-9907-74ea192faecb c-header-main-menu js-header-main-menu" role="tablist"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--layout-megamenu paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="c-header-panel-container c-header-panel-container--left"><button class="c-header-tab c-header-tab--our-work js-header__tab" role="tab" aria-selected="false" aria-controls="header-desktop__panel--our-work">Our Work</button><nav id="header-desktop__panel--our-work" class="c-header-panel js-header__panel" role="tabpanel" aria-hidden="true" data-region="our-work"><div class="Our Work our-work left l--megamenu l--megamenu--split"><div class="l__region l__highlights"><div class="l__region-inner"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type--link-list paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="c-link-list c-link-list--highlighted"><div class="c-link-list__heading"><h2>Highlights</h2></div><div class="c-link-list__content"><ul class="c-link-list__list"><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/abortion-rights-supreme-court" hreflang="en">Roe v. Wade Overturned</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/reproductive-health-impact-study" hreflang="en">Reproductive Health Impact Study</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/adding-it-up" class="link--ruled" hreflang="en">Adding It Up</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/global/abortion" hreflang="en">Abortion Worldwide</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/guttmacher-lancet-commission" hreflang="en">Guttmacher-Lancet Commission</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/monthly-abortion-provision-study" class="link--ruled" hreflang="en">Monthly Abortion Provision Study</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/us-policy-resources" hreflang="en">US policy resources</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/state-policy-resources" hreflang="en">State policy resources</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/state-policy" hreflang="en">State legislation tracker</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div><div class="l__region l__main"><div class="l__region-inner"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type--link-list paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="c-link-list c-link-list--default"><div class="c-link-list__heading"><h2>Reports</h2></div><div class="c-link-list__content"><ul class="c-link-list__list"><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/global/reports" hreflang="en">Global</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/united-states/reports" hreflang="en">United States</a></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="paragraph paragraph--type--link-list paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="c-link-list c-link-list--default"><div class="c-link-list__heading"><h2>Articles</h2></div><div class="c-link-list__content"><ul class="c-link-list__list"><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/global/research-articles" hreflang="en">Global research</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/united-states/research-articles" hreflang="en">US research</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/policy-analysis" class="link--ruled" hreflang="en">Policy analysis</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/gpr?volume=24&language=en" hreflang="en">Guttmacher Policy Review</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/opinion" class="link--ruled" hreflang="en">Opinion</a></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="paragraph paragraph--type--link-list paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="c-link-list c-link-list--default"><div class="c-link-list__heading"><h2>Fact Sheets</h2></div><div class="c-link-list__content"><ul class="c-link-list__list"><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/global/fact-sheets" hreflang="en">Global</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/united-states/fact-sheets" hreflang="en">United States</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/state-policy/laws-policies" hreflang="en">US State Laws and Policies</a></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="paragraph paragraph--type--link-list paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="c-link-list c-link-list--default"><div class="c-link-list__heading"><h2>Data, Videos & Visualizations</h2></div><div class="c-link-list__content"><ul class="c-link-list__list"><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="https://data.guttmacher.org/regions" hreflang="en">Data center</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/videos" hreflang="en">Videos</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/infographics" hreflang="en">Infographics</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/public-use-datasets" hreflang="en">Public-use data sets</a></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="paragraph paragraph--type--link-list paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="c-link-list c-link-list--default"><div class="c-link-list__heading"><h2>Peer-reviewed Journals</h2></div><div class="c-link-list__content"><ul class="c-link-list__list"><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/journals/ipsrh" hreflang="en">International Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health (1975–2020)</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/journals/psrh" hreflang="en">Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health (1969–2020) </a></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div></div></nav></div></div><div class="paragraph paragraph--type--layout-megamenu paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="c-header-panel-container c-header-panel-container--left"><button class="c-header-tab c-header-tab--topics js-header__tab" role="tab" aria-selected="false" aria-controls="header-desktop__panel--topics">Topics</button><nav id="header-desktop__panel--topics" class="c-header-panel js-header__panel" role="tabpanel" aria-hidden="true" data-region="topics"><div class="Topics topics left l--megamenu"><div class="l__region l__main"><div class="l__region-inner"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type--link-list paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="c-link-list c-link-list--default"><div class="c-link-list__heading"><h2>Global</h2></div><div class="c-link-list__content"><ul class="c-link-list__list"><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/global/abortion" hreflang="en">Abortion</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/global/contraception" hreflang="en">Contraception</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/global/hiv-stis" hreflang="en">HIV & STIs</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/global/pregnancy" hreflang="en">Pregnancy</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/global/teens" hreflang="en">Teens</a></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="paragraph paragraph--type--link-list paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="c-link-list c-link-list--default"><div class="c-link-list__heading"><h2>US</h2></div><div class="c-link-list__content"><ul class="c-link-list__list"><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/united-states/abortion" hreflang="en">Abortion</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/united-states/contraception" hreflang="en">Contraception</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/united-states/hiv-stis" hreflang="en">HIV & STIs</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/united-states/pregnancy" hreflang="en">Pregnancy</a></li><li class="c-link-list__item"><a href="/united-states/teens" hreflang="en">Teens</a></li></ul></div></div></div></div></div></div></nav></div></div><div class="paragraph paragraph--type--layout-megamenu paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="c-header-panel-container c-header-panel-container--right"><button class="c-header-tab c-header-tab--regions js-header__tab" role="tab" aria-selected="false" aria-controls="header-desktop__panel--regions">Regions</button><nav id="header-desktop__panel--regions" class="c-header-panel js-header__panel" role="tabpanel" aria-hidden="true" data-region="regions"><div class="Regions regions right l--megamenu"><div class="l__region l__main"><div class="l__region-inner"><div class="paragraph paragraph--type--link-list paragraph--view-mode--default"><div class="c-link-list 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t-header-waves"> <div class="l__header l__inner u-container"> <div class="l--stack--normal l__region l--stack l--header__primary l--stack"><div class="field-block-node-research-article-field-publication-name l--stack"> <div class="c-metadata-tag c-metadata-tag--light-violet" > <a href="/publications/american-journal-public-health" hreflang="en">American Journal of Public Health</a> </div> </div> <div class="field-block-node-research-article-title l--stack"> <span> <h1 class="c-page-title c-page-title--article-title" >Population Group Abortion Rates and Lifetime Incidence of Abortion: United States, 2008–2014</h1> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="l__inner t-pane t-white"> <div class="l__main u-container"> <div class="l--stack--normal l__region l--stack l__image l__sidebar-region"> <div class="field-block-node-research-article-field-shr-image l--stack"> <div class="field field--name-field-shr-image field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field__item"> <img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/1_1_450_x_450/public/395-347.png?h=85f3c812&itok=1sr8R1n7" width="450" height="450" alt="" /> </div> </div> </div> <div class="l--stack--normal l__region l--stack l__primary t-pane t-white "> <div class="field-block-node-research-article-field-shr-authors l--stack"> <div class="t-pane t-gray-lightest u-p-28 l--stack--minimal t-pane-rounded"> <h3 class="c-label" > Authors </h3> <span data-component-id="gutt:author" class="c-author"><span class="c-author__name"><a href="https://www.guttmacher.org/about/staff/rachel-k-jones"><span>Rachel K. Jones</span></a></span><span class="c-author__separator">, </span><span class="c-author__organization">Guttmacher Institute</span></span> <span data-component-id="gutt:author" class="c-author"><span class="c-author__name"><span>Jenna Jerman</span></span></span> </div> </div> <div class="field-block-node-research-article-field-shr-summary l--stack"> <div class="text-content field field--name-field-shr-summary field--type-text-long field--label-hidden field__item"><h5>Objectives </h5> <p>To assess the prevalence of abortion among population groups and changes in rates between 2008 and 2014.</p> <h5>Methods</h5> <p>We used secondary data from the Abortion Patient Survey, the American Community Survey, and the National Survey of Family Growth to estimate abortion rates. We used information from the Abortion Patient Survey to estimate the lifetime incidence of abortion.</p> <h5>Results</h5> <p>Between 2008 and 2014, the abortion rate declined 25%, from 19.4 to 14.6 per 1000 women aged 15 to 44 years. The abortion rate for adolescents aged 15 to 19 years declined 46%, the largest of any group. Abortion rates declined for all racial and ethnic groups but were larger for non-White women than for non-Hispanic White women. Although the abortion rate decreased 26% for women with incomes less than 100% of the federal poverty level, this population had the highest abortion rate of all the groups examined: 36.6. If the 2014 age-specific abortion rates prevail, 24% of women aged 15 to 44 years in that year will have an abortion by age 45 years.</p> <h5>Conclusions</h5> <p>The decline in abortion was not uniform across all population groups.</p> </div> </div> <div class="field-block-node-research-article-field-content l--stack"> <div class="l--stack"> <div class="paragraph paragraph--type--basic-text paragraph--view-mode--default"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="l--stack--loose l__region l--stack l__sidebar-secondary l__sidebar-region t-pane t-white "> <div class="entity-view-node l--stack u-mt-28"> <div class="c-meta-extended" > <div class=""> <div class="layout layout--onecol"> <div class="layout__region layout__region--content"> <div class="field-block-node-research-article-field-shr-published-date l--stack"> <p class="c-verbose-publushed-date"> First published on American Journal of Public Health: <time datetime="2017-10-19T12:00:00Z">October 19, 2017</time></p> </div> <div class="field-block-node-research-article-field-article-doi l--stack"> <span class="article-doi">DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2017.304042" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2017.304042</a></span> </div> <div class="field-block-node-research-article-field-shr-source l--stack"> <div class="field field--name-field-shr-source field--type-link field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field__label visually-hidden">Source / Available for Purchase</div> <div class="field__item"><a href="http://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/10.2105/AJPH.2017.304042">Full text article at the American Journal of Public Health</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="node_view"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="gutt-social-share l--stack"> <div class="clear-both c-social-share"> <h3 class="c-social-share__heading">Share</h3> <div class="c-social-share__platforms"> <ul class="c-social-share__list"> <li class="c-social-share__item c-social-share__item--facebook"> <a 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