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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <title>The Political Graveyard: Michigan: Court of Appeals</title> <meta name="description" content="A database of political history and cemeteries, with brief biographical entries for 338,260 U.S. political figures, living and dead, from the 1700s to the present."> <meta name="keywords" content="political biography history genealogy cemeteries politics candidates congress senators legislators governors politicians biographies ancestors mayors birthplace geography elections"> <meta name="author" content="Lawrence Kestenbaum"> <script type="text/javascript"> var _gaq = _gaq || []; _gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'UA-7383562-1']); _gaq.push(['_trackPageview']); (function() { var ga = document.createElement('script'); ga.type = 'text/javascript'; ga.async = true; ga.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://ssl' : 'https://www') + '.google-analytics.com/ga.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(ga, s); })(); </script> </head> <body bgcolor="#FFFFDD" text="#000000" link="#cc0000" alink="#ff0000" vlink="#760000"> <style type="text/css"> p {font-family:georgia,garamond,serif} td {font-family:georgia,garamond,serif} A:link {text-decoration: none} A:visited {text-decoration: none} A:active {text-decoration: none} A:hover {text-decoration: underline} </style> PoliticalGraveyard.com <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/index.html" border=0> <img src="https://politicalgraveyard.com/images/tpgmain6.gif" width=450 height=216 border=0 alt="The Political Graveyard: A Database of American History"></a> Michigan: Court of Appeals <table width=100%><tr><td valign="top"> <hr> Judges, Michigan Court of Appeals, 1964-2016 (May be incomplete!) <ul> <li> Blank district: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/taylor2.html#151.44.33">Clifford W. Taylor</a> 1990 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/cornellus-corry.html#974.42.22">Maura D. Corrigan</a> as of 1992-98 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/schroer-schulte.html#989.76.39">Bill Schuette</a> 2008 <li> 1st District: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/gilliam-gillon.html#755.62.93">John H. Gillis</a> 1965- <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/leonardo-lessler.html#143.38.06">T. John Lesinski</a> 1965-76 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/watts.html#230.17.31">John D. Watts</a> 1965-66 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/levin.html#117.20.77">Charles L. Levin</a> 1966-72 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/brennan.html#188.77.75">Vincent J. Brennan</a> 1969-86 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/bartos-bason.html#869.33.80">George N. Bashara, Jr.</a> 1973-82 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/kaufman.html#361.02.92">Nathan J. Kaufman</a> 1975-82 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/mahady-mahone.html#093.76.38">Richard M. Maher</a> 1975-91 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/riley.html#405.54.98">Dorothy Comstock Riley</a> 1976-82 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/wagoner-wainwright.html#039.63.70">Myron H. Wahls</a> 1982- <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/holten-hook.html#598.87.33">Harold Hood</a> 1982- <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/gresham-griffey.html#403.05.49">Roman S. Gribbs</a> 1983 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/sullivan5.html#202.19.03">Joseph B. Sullivan</a> 1986- <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/white4.html#558.02.44">Helene N. White</a> 1993-2008 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/young7.html#750.30.50">Robert P. Young, Jr.</a> as of 1995-98 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/talbot.html#287.81.19">Michael J. Talbot</a> 1998-2013 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/wilcoxon-wiles.html#070.63.38">Kurtis T. Wilder</a> 1998- <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/zaagman-zazachilds.html#803.42.09">Brian Zahra</a> as of 1999-2009 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/kelly6.html#267.02.18">Kirsten Frank Kelly</a> 2001- <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/murray2.html#809.30.12">Christopher M. Murray</a> 2002- <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/holten-hook.html#884.80.18">Karen Fort Hood</a> 2003- <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/stephens.html#183.96.93">Cynthia Diane Stephens</a> 2008- <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/rilling-ripps.html#129.79.85">Michael J. Riordan</a> 2012- <li> 2nd District: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/kaufmann-keast.html#640.87.54">Thomas G. Kavanagh</a> 1965-68 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/mcgregor.html#863.87.45">Louis D. McGregor</a> 1965-76 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/quinn.html#132.52.15">Timothy C. Quinn</a> 1965-77 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/bronson.html#423.63.21">S. Jerome Bronson</a> 1969-86 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/danaher-danhof.html#624.83.66">Robert J. Danhof</a> 1969- <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/catron-cavanagh.html#560.93.48">Michael F. Cavanagh</a> 1975-82 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/kelly6.html#355.44.06">Michael J. Kelly</a> 1975- <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/beardmore-beattie.html#978.60.85">William R. Beasley</a> 1976- <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/cutliff-czelusta.html#859.91.77">Walter P. Cynar</a> 1978- <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/shepardson-shepley.html#138.97.77">John H. Shepherd</a> 1983- <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/dixson-doctrine.html#768.60.39">Martin M. Doctoroff</a> 1987- <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/jamieson-jarstad.html#590.05.72">Kathleen Jansen</a> 1989- <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/catron-cavanagh.html#643.45.80">Mark J. Cavanagh</a> 1989- <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/kelly6.html#855.79.71">Marilyn Jean Kelly</a> 1989-96 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/saal-sacket.html#154.34.24">Henry W. Saad</a> 1994- <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/gage.html#353.05.81">Hilda R. Gage</a> 1999-2006 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/donner-donolow.html#373.85.04">Pat M. Donofrio</a> 2002- <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/serr-sevigny.html#005.97.89">Deborah A. Servitto</a> 2006-13 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/cooper.html#863.50.29">Jessica R. Cooper</a> 2007 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/glassbrook-glenmore.html#539.05.40">Elizabeth L. Gleicher</a> 2007- <li> 3rd District: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/burnquist-burns.html#194.73.53">Robert B. Burns</a> 1965-87 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/fitzgerald.html#449.46.95">John W. Fitzgerald</a> 1965-73 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/holbrook.html#140.13.77">Donald E. Holbrook</a> 1965-78 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/burnquist-burns.html#169.12.39">Thomas M. Burns</a> 1969-86 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/allen4.html#104.32.90">Glenn S. Allen, Jr.</a> 1974-86 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/holbrook.html#055.98.94">Donald E. Holbrook, Jr.</a> 1975- <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/walsh.html#827.66.21">Daniel F. Walsh</a> 1975-88 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/mackenzie-macksey.html#863.31.37">Barbara B. MacKenzie</a> 1979- <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/sawyer.html#251.19.77">David H. Sawyer</a> 1987- <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/weaver.html#673.52.18">Elizabeth A. Weaver</a> 1987-94 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/mcdonald.html#266.46.83">Gary R. McDonald</a> 1987- <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/murphy9.html#222.48.75">William B. Murphy</a> 1988- <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/neff-nelsey.html#026.47.28">Janet T. Neff</a> 2007 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/smithberger-smyser.html#452.41.86">Michael R. Smolenski</a> 2007-09 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/beckham-bedel.html#129.73.50">Jane M. Beckering</a> 2007-13 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/bandel-bankhead.html#136.52.47">Richard A. Bandstra</a> as of 2008-09 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/hodgkins-hoffer.html#035.53.41">Joel P. Hoekstra</a> as of 2008-13 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/murphy9.html#222.48.75">William B. Murphy</a> as of 2008-13 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/sawyer.html#251.19.77">David H. Sawyer</a> as of 2008-13 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/marianetti-markowitz.html#731.53.32">Jane E. Markey</a> as of 2009-13 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/shantz-sharon.html#735.33.98">Douglas B. Shapiro</a> 2009- <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/booher-boos.html#617.09.04">Mark T. Boonstra</a> as of 2013 <li> 4th District: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/boothby-borunda.html#079.39.98">Stephen L. Borrello</a> 2003- <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/davis1.html#369.13.09">Alton T. Davis</a> 2005-10 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/fitzgerald.html#819.50.22">E. Thomas Fitzgerald</a> as of 2008-13 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/metaker-meyenborg.html#460.18.31">Patrick M. Meter</a> as of 2009-13 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/obrien-oconner.html#031.82.79">Peter D. O'Connell</a> as of 2009-13 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/owenby-ozzard.html#890.43.35">Donald S. Owens</a> as of 2009-13 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/whisman-whitcome.html#300.44.53">William C. Whitbeck</a> as of 2009-13 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/kelly6.html#399.20.81">Michael J. Kelly</a> as of 2013 <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/kraschel-kreutzer.html#037.90.11">Amy Ronayne Krause</a> as of 2013 </ul> Events and Candidates (may be incomplete!) <li> 1964 Sep 1: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/watts.html#230.17.31">John D. Watts</a>, nominated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/leonardo-lessler.html#143.38.06">T. John Lesinski</a>, nominated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/gilliam-gillon.html#755.62.93">John H. Gillis</a>, nominated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/dilweg-dionysius.html#074.81.32">Harry J. Dingeman, Jr.</a>, nominated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/fogleson-folse.html#177.73.97">Thomas J. Foley</a>, nominated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/downs-doxey.html#535.66.51">Tom Downs</a>, nominated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/siaca-siewert.html#517.06.26">Boaz Siegel</a>, defeated in primary; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/hyden-hyzer.html#569.04.79">Kenneth N. Hylton</a>, defeated in primary; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/mcmanaway-mcmickle.html#110.64.55">Lee C. McManus</a>, defeated in primary. <li> 1964 Nov 3: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/watts.html#230.17.31">John D. Watts</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/leonardo-lessler.html#143.38.06">T. John Lesinski</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/gilliam-gillon.html#755.62.93">John H. Gillis</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/dilweg-dionysius.html#074.81.32">Harry J. Dingeman, Jr.</a>, defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/downs-doxey.html#535.66.51">Tom Downs</a>, defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/fogleson-folse.html#177.73.97">Thomas J. Foley</a>, defeated. <li> 1966 Jun 1: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/watts.html#230.17.31">John D. Watts</a>, died in office. <li> 1966 Aug 2: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/levin.html#117.20.77">Charles L. Levin</a>, nominated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/brewton-brigadier.html#805.70.12">James H. Brickley</a>, nominated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/tansil-tatar.html#189.66.52">Victor Targonski</a>, defeated in primary; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/seldenright-semrow.html#320.37.61">Arthur W. Sempliner</a>, defeated in primary; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/nuckles-nyquist.html#230.11.83">Charles P. Nugent</a>, defeated in primary; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/tooley-tossy.html#472.56.84">Samuel J. Torina</a>, defeated in primary. <li> 1966 Nov 8: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/levin.html#117.20.77">Charles L. Levin</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/brewton-brigadier.html#805.70.12">James H. Brickley</a>, defeated. <li> 1968 Nov 5: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/brennan.html#188.77.75">Vincent J. Brennan</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/kaufman.html#267.85.06">Charles Kaufman</a>, defeated. <li> 1964 Sep 1: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/kaufmann-keast.html#640.87.54">Thomas G. Kavanagh</a>, nominated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/mcgregor.html#863.87.45">Louis D. McGregor</a>, nominated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/obrien3.html#050.67.43">Francis L. O'Brien</a>, nominated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/freeman.html#177.52.02">Donald R. Freeman</a>, nominated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/quinn.html#132.52.15">Timothy C. Quinn</a>, nominated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/roberts3.html#319.38.28">Farrell E. Roberts</a>, nominated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/murphy2.html#613.85.83">Charles N. Murphy</a>, defeated in primary; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/carroll.html#082.47.30">Howard R. Carroll</a>, defeated in primary; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/mcdonald.html#517.15.61">Earl E. McDonald</a>, defeated in primary; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/taft.html#411.39.93">William L. Taft</a>, defeated in primary; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/ross.html#339.08.39">William Ross</a>, defeated in primary; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/sargent.html#299.48.97">Donald William Sargent</a>, defeated in primary; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/hanna.html#332.31.71">Jack Hanna</a>, defeated in primary; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/plauche-plumley.html#349.31.94">Frederick J. Plotts</a>, defeated in primary. <li> 1964 Nov 3: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/kaufmann-keast.html#640.87.54">Thomas G. Kavanagh</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/quinn.html#132.52.15">Timothy C. Quinn</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/mcgregor.html#863.87.45">Louis D. McGregor</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/obrien3.html#050.67.43">Francis L. O'Brien</a>, defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/roberts3.html#319.38.28">Farrell E. Roberts</a>, defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/freeman.html#177.52.02">Donald R. Freeman</a>, defeated. <li> 1968 Aug 6: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/bronson.html#423.63.21">S. Jerome Bronson</a>, nominated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/fogleson-folse.html#422.09.44">John F. Foley</a>, nominated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/danaher-danhof.html#624.83.66">Robert J. Danhof</a>, defeated in primary. <li> 1968 Nov 5: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/bronson.html#423.63.21">S. Jerome Bronson</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/fogleson-folse.html#422.09.44">John F. Foley</a>, defeated. <li> 1969 Jan 1: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/danaher-danhof.html#624.83.66">Robert J. Danhof</a>, appointed. <li> 1964 Sep 1: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/fitzgerald.html#449.46.95">John W. Fitzgerald</a>, nominated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/holbrook.html#140.13.77">Donald E. Holbrook</a>, nominated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/burnquist-burns.html#194.73.53">Robert B. Burns</a>, nominated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/black.html#774.59.39">Maurice Black</a>, nominated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/miller1.html#440.07.78">Allan C. Miller</a>, nominated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/doyle.html#946.98.49">Austin J. Doyle</a>, nominated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/mitchell7.html#781.48.38">Philip H. Mitchell</a>, defeated in primary; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/howlett-hubard.html#224.48.63">Robert G. Howlett</a>, defeated in primary; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/morris.html#164.61.72">Carlton H. Morris</a>, defeated in primary; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/wisner-witherow.html#615.90.91">Andrew W. Wisti</a>, defeated in primary. <li> 1964 Nov 3: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/fitzgerald.html#449.46.95">John W. Fitzgerald</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/holbrook.html#140.13.77">Donald E. Holbrook</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/burnquist-burns.html#194.73.53">Robert B. Burns</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/miller1.html#440.07.78">Allan C. Miller</a>, defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/black.html#774.59.39">Maurice Black</a>, defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/doyle.html#946.98.49">Austin J. Doyle</a>, defeated. <li> 1968 Nov 5: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/burnquist-burns.html#169.12.39">Thomas M. Burns</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/hodgkins-hoffer.html#143.00.42">R. Stuart Hoffius</a>, defeated. <li> 1970 Nov 3: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/gilliam-gillon.html#755.62.93">John H. Gillis</a>, elected unopposed. <li> 1972 Nov 7: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/leonardo-lessler.html#143.38.06">T. John Lesinski</a>, elected unopposed. <li> 1973 Jan 2: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/bartos-bason.html#869.33.80">George N. Bashara, Jr.</a>, appointed. <li> 1974 Aug 6: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/mahady-mahone.html#093.76.38">Richard M. Maher</a>, nominated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/headden-healey.html#339.22.06">Henry Heading</a>, nominated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/kaufman.html#361.02.92">Nathan J. Kaufman</a>, nominated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/sullivan5.html#376.97.40">Joseph A. Sullivan</a>, nominated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/hathaway.html#054.84.07">James A. Hathaway</a>, defeated in primary; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/tansil-tatar.html#189.66.52">Victor Targonski</a>, defeated in primary; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/sproat-staebler.html#816.31.59">Michael L. Stacey</a>, defeated in primary; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/partington-pastuszka.html#892.87.78">Walter A. Paruk</a>, defeated in primary. <li> 1974 Nov 5: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/brennan.html#188.77.75">Vincent J. Brennan</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/bartos-bason.html#869.33.80">George N. Bashara, Jr.</a>, elected. <li> 1974 Nov 5: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/mahady-mahone.html#093.76.38">Richard M. Maher</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/kaufman.html#361.02.92">Nathan J. Kaufman</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/headden-healey.html#339.22.06">Henry Heading</a>, defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/sullivan5.html#376.97.40">Joseph A. Sullivan</a>, defeated. <li> 1976 Apr 5: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/leonardo-lessler.html#143.38.06">T. John Lesinski</a>, resigned; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/riley.html#405.54.98">Dorothy Comstock Riley</a>, appointed. <li> 1976 Nov 2: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/gilliam-gillon.html#755.62.93">John H. Gillis</a>, elected unopposed. <li> 1976 Nov 2: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/riley.html#405.54.98">Dorothy Comstock Riley</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/evans7.html#788.40.95">Robert L. Evans</a>, defeated. <li> 1978 Nov 7: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/riley.html#405.54.98">Dorothy Comstock Riley</a>, elected unopposed. <li> 1970 Nov 3: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/mcgregor.html#863.87.45">Louis D. McGregor</a>, elected unopposed. <li> 1970 Nov 3: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/danaher-danhof.html#624.83.66">Robert J. Danhof</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/freeman.html#177.52.02">Donald R. Freeman</a>, defeated. <li> 1972 Nov 7: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/quinn.html#132.52.15">Timothy C. Quinn</a>, elected unopposed. <li> 1974 Aug 6: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/kelly6.html#355.44.06">Michael J. Kelly</a>, nominated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/catron-cavanagh.html#560.93.48">Michael F. Cavanagh</a>, nominated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/kaufman.html#740.37.68">Bernard L. Kaufman</a>, nominated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/montgomery.html#610.11.28">George E. Montgomery</a>, nominated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/cutliff-czelusta.html#859.91.77">Walter P. Cynar</a>, defeated in primary; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/churchill.html#435.61.88">James P. Churchill</a>, defeated in primary; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/roberts3.html#319.38.28">Farrell E. Roberts</a>, defeated in primary; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/woods.html#680.17.81">Thomas E. Woods</a>, defeated in primary; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/clarken-claytee.html#273.28.13">S. James Clarkson</a>, defeated in primary; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/kabzinski-kanczuzewski.html#205.67.61">James T. Kallman</a>, defeated in primary; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/bright-britten.html#190.22.97">Gordon W. Britten</a>, defeated in primary; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/kenton-kerns.html#910.60.66">Yale Leland Kerby</a>, defeated in primary; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/somervell-souter.html#484.27.78">Eugene E. Sordyl</a>, defeated in primary; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/plunket-poilek.html#948.29.38">Myron F. Poe</a>, defeated in primary; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/midkiff-milen.html#069.79.36">E. Boomie Mikrut</a>, defeated in primary. <li> 1974 Nov 5: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/bronson.html#423.63.21">S. Jerome Bronson</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/danaher-danhof.html#624.83.66">Robert J. Danhof</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/freeman.html#177.52.02">Donald R. Freeman</a>, defeated. <li> 1974 Nov 5: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/catron-cavanagh.html#560.93.48">Michael F. Cavanagh</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/kelly6.html#355.44.06">Michael J. Kelly</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/kaufman.html#740.37.68">Bernard L. Kaufman</a>, defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/montgomery.html#610.11.28">George E. Montgomery</a>, defeated. <li> 1976 Mar 31: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/mcgregor.html#863.87.45">Louis D. McGregor</a>, retired. <li> 1976 Apr 5: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/beardmore-beattie.html#978.60.85">William R. Beasley</a>, appointed. <li> 1976 Nov 2: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/beardmore-beattie.html#978.60.85">William R. Beasley</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/fitzgerald.html#819.50.22">E. Thomas Fitzgerald</a>, defeated. <li> 1977 Dec 23: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/quinn.html#132.52.15">Timothy C. Quinn</a>, resigned. <li> 1978 Feb 27: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/cutliff-czelusta.html#859.91.77">Walter P. Cynar</a>, appointed. <li> 1978 Aug 8: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/fitzgerald.html#819.50.22">E. Thomas Fitzgerald</a>, nominated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/cutliff-czelusta.html#859.91.77">Walter P. Cynar</a>, nominated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/quinn.html#085.36.48">Luke Quinn</a>, defeated in primary. <li> 1978 Nov 7: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/cutliff-czelusta.html#859.91.77">Walter P. Cynar</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/fitzgerald.html#819.50.22">E. Thomas Fitzgerald</a>, defeated. <li> 1970 Nov 3: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/burnquist-burns.html#194.73.53">Robert B. Burns</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/carr.html#684.61.52">James E. Carr</a>, defeated. <li> 1972 Nov 7: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/holbrook.html#140.13.77">Donald E. Holbrook</a>, elected unopposed. <li> 1974 Jan 1: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/allen4.html#104.32.90">Glenn S. Allen, Jr.</a>, appointed. <li> 1974 Aug 6: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/holbrook.html#055.98.94">Donald E. Holbrook, Jr.</a>, nominated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/walsh.html#827.66.21">Daniel F. Walsh</a>, nominated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/leszynski-levi.html#660.38.01">John R. Letts</a>, nominated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/richardson.html#897.14.21">Robert L. Richardson, Jr.</a>, nominated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/miller1.html#440.07.78">Allan C. Miller</a>, defeated in primary; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/hatch.html#891.56.47">H. V. Hatch</a>, defeated in primary; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/majors-malloney.html#274.80.17">Leo E. Maki</a>, defeated in primary; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/patty-payn.html#703.82.01">V. Robert Payant</a>, defeated in primary; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/daily-dalbey.html#549.75.98">Luther I. Daines</a>, defeated in primary; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/barretto-barrows.html#473.76.03">Thea Rossi Barron</a>, defeated in primary; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/dupper-durgin.html#566.16.00">Edward G. Durance</a>, defeated in primary; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/odem-oestreicher.html#114.30.26">Roger Oeming</a>, defeated in primary. <li> 1974 Nov 5: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/burnquist-burns.html#169.12.39">Thomas M. Burns</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/allen4.html#104.32.90">Glenn S. Allen, Jr.</a>, elected. <li> 1974 Nov 5: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/holbrook.html#055.98.94">Donald E. Holbrook, Jr.</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/walsh.html#827.66.21">Daniel F. Walsh</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/leszynski-levi.html#660.38.01">John R. Letts</a>, defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/richardson.html#897.14.21">Robert L. Richardson, Jr.</a>, defeated. <li> 1976 Nov 2: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/burnquist-burns.html#194.73.53">Robert B. Burns</a>, elected unopposed. <li> 1978 Aug 8: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/mackenzie-macksey.html#863.31.37">Barbara B. MacKenzie</a>, nominated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/blight-block.html#796.67.84">Kenneth L. Block</a>, nominated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/suvacki-swampfox.html#093.87.04">Joseph P. Swallow</a>, defeated in primary. <li> 1978 Nov 7: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/mackenzie-macksey.html#863.31.37">Barbara B. MacKenzie</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/blight-block.html#796.67.84">Kenneth L. Block</a>, defeated. <li> 1980 Nov 4: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/brennan.html#188.77.75">Vincent J. Brennan</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/bartos-bason.html#869.33.80">George N. Bashara, Jr.</a>, elected. <li> 1982 Apr 1: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/wagoner-wainwright.html#039.63.70">Myron H. Wahls</a>, appointed. <li> 1982 Aug 10: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/ford.html#029.67.74">Geraldine B. Ford</a>, nominated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/gresham-griffey.html#403.05.49">Roman S. Gribbs</a>, nominated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/brennan.html#362.06.02">Thomas J. Brennan</a>, defeated in primary; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/shaffner-shanley.html#974.55.36">M. John Shamo</a>, defeated in primary; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/kaufman.html#267.85.06">Charles Kaufman</a>, defeated in primary. <li> 1982 Nov 2: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/gresham-griffey.html#403.05.49">Roman S. Gribbs</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/ford.html#029.67.74">Geraldine B. Ford</a>, defeated. <li> 1982 Nov 2: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/gilliam-gillon.html#755.62.93">John H. Gillis</a>, elected unopposed. <li> 1982 Nov 2: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/wagoner-wainwright.html#039.63.70">Myron H. Wahls</a>, elected unopposed. <li> 1982 Dec 9: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/riley.html#405.54.98">Dorothy Comstock Riley</a>, resigned. <li> 1982 Dec 27: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/holten-hook.html#598.87.33">Harold Hood</a>, appointed. <li> 1986 Jan 16: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/brennan.html#188.77.75">Vincent J. Brennan</a>, resigned. <li> 1986 Mar 17: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/sullivan5.html#202.19.03">Joseph B. Sullivan</a>, appointed. <li> 1980 Nov 4: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/bronson.html#423.63.21">S. Jerome Bronson</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/danaher-danhof.html#624.83.66">Robert J. Danhof</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/murray5.html#948.52.34">John J. Murray</a>, defeated. <li> 1982 Nov 2: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/kelly6.html#355.44.06">Michael J. Kelly</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/beardmore-beattie.html#978.60.85">William R. Beasley</a>, elected. <li> 1983 May 31: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/shepardson-shepley.html#138.97.77">John H. Shepherd</a>, appointed. <li> 1986 Nov 14: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/bronson.html#423.63.21">S. Jerome Bronson</a>, died in office. <li> 1987 Mar 23: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/dixson-doctrine.html#768.60.39">Martin M. Doctoroff</a>, appointed. <li> 1988 Nov 8: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/catron-cavanagh.html#643.45.80">Mark J. Cavanagh</a>, elected. <li> 1989: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/jamieson-jarstad.html#590.05.72">Kathleen Jansen</a>, appointed. <li> 1980 Nov 4: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/burnquist-burns.html#169.12.39">Thomas M. Burns</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/allen4.html#104.32.90">Glenn S. Allen, Jr.</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/hipke-hisson.html#670.94.01">Patrick S. Hirzel</a>, defeated. <li> 1982 Nov 2: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/burnquist-burns.html#194.73.53">Robert B. Burns</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/walsh.html#827.66.21">Daniel F. Walsh</a>, elected. <li> 1987 Feb 2: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/burnquist-burns.html#194.73.53">Robert B. Burns</a>, resigned; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/mcdonald.html#266.46.83">Gary R. McDonald</a>, appointed. <li> 1988 Feb 4: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/walsh.html#827.66.21">Daniel F. Walsh</a>, resigned. <li> 1988 Mar 17: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/murphy9.html#222.48.75">William B. Murphy</a>, appointed. <li> 1990 Nov 6: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/mahady-mahone.html#093.76.38">Richard M. Maher</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/holten-hook.html#598.87.33">Harold Hood</a>, elected. <li> 1998 Nov 3: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/white4.html#558.02.44">Helene N. White</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/wagoner-wainwright.html#039.63.70">Myron H. Wahls</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/brown4.html#045.01.72">Helen E. Brown</a>, defeated; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/ryan.html#725.85.23">Daniel P. Ryan</a>, defeated. <li> 1998 Nov 3: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/talbot.html#287.81.19">Michael J. Talbot</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/brennan.html#866.16.33">J. Vincent Brennan</a>, defeated. <li> 1990 Nov 6: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/shepardson-shepley.html#138.97.77">John H. Shepherd</a>, elected unopposed. <li> 1990 Nov 6: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/fitzgerald.html#819.50.22">E. Thomas Fitzgerald</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/halla-halsell.html#001.97.81">Linda Hallmark</a>, defeated. <li> 1990 Nov 6: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/jamieson-jarstad.html#590.05.72">Kathleen Jansen</a>, elected unopposed. <li> 1994: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/saal-sacket.html#154.34.24">Henry W. Saad</a>, appointed. <li> 1996 Nov 5: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/saal-sacket.html#154.34.24">Henry W. Saad</a>, elected. <li> 1998 Nov 3: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/dixson-doctrine.html#768.60.39">Martin M. Doctoroff</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/osullivan.html#084.94.44">Pamela Gilbert O'Sullivan</a>, defeated. <li> 1998 Nov 3: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/gage.html#353.05.81">Hilda R. Gage</a>, elected unopposed. <li> 1990 Nov 6: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/mackenzie-macksey.html#863.31.37">Barbara B. MacKenzie</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/holbrook.html#055.98.94">Donald E. Holbrook, Jr.</a>, elected. <li> 1998 Nov 3: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/sawyer.html#251.19.77">David H. Sawyer</a>, elected unopposed. <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/marianetti-markowitz.html#662.57.27">Stephen J. Markman</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/whisman-whitcome.html#300.44.53">William C. Whitbeck</a>, elected. <li> 2000 Nov 7: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/wilcoxon-wiles.html#070.63.38">Kurtis T. Wilder</a>, elected; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/kelly6.html#267.02.18">Kirsten Frank Kelly</a>, elected. <li> 2002 Nov 5: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/holten-hook.html#884.80.18">Karen Fort Hood</a>, elected. <li> 2004 Nov 2: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/wilcoxon-wiles.html#070.63.38">Kurtis T. Wilder</a>, elected. <li> 2006 Nov 7: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/kelly6.html#267.02.18">Kirsten Frank Kelly</a>, elected. <li> 2008 Dec 30: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/stephens.html#183.96.93">Cynthia Diane Stephens</a>, appointed. <li> 2002: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/donner-donolow.html#373.85.04">Pat M. Donofrio</a>, appointed. <li> 2002 Nov 5: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/saal-sacket.html#154.34.24">Henry W. Saad</a>, elected. <li> 2006 Mar 23: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/serr-sevigny.html#005.97.89">Deborah A. Servitto</a>, appointed. <li> 2006 Nov 7: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/serr-sevigny.html#005.97.89">Deborah A. Servitto</a>, elected. <li> 2007 Aug 20: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/glassbrook-glenmore.html#539.05.40">Elizabeth L. Gleicher</a>, appointed. <li> 2008 Nov 4: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/saal-sacket.html#154.34.24">Henry W. Saad</a>, elected. <li> 2005 Jul 14: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/davis1.html#369.13.09">Alton T. Davis</a>, appointed. <li> 2010 Nov 2: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/wilcoxon-wiles.html#070.63.38">Kurtis T. Wilder</a>, elected. <li> 2012 Mar 16: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/rilling-ripps.html#129.79.85">Michael J. Riordan</a>, appointed. <li> 2012 Nov 6: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/kelly6.html#267.02.18">Kirsten Frank Kelly</a>, elected unopposed; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/rilling-ripps.html#129.79.85">Michael J. Riordan</a>, elected unopposed. <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/jamieson-jarstad.html#590.05.72">Kathleen Jansen</a>, elected unopposed; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/serr-sevigny.html#005.97.89">Deborah A. Servitto</a>, elected unopposed; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/glassbrook-glenmore.html#539.05.40">Elizabeth L. Gleicher</a>, elected unopposed. <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/beckham-bedel.html#129.73.50">Jane M. Beckering</a>, elected unopposed; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/murphy1.html#132.59.58">Bill Murphy</a>, elected unopposed; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/shantz-sharon.html#735.33.98">Douglas B. Shapiro</a>, elected unopposed. <li> 2012 Nov 6: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/booher-boos.html#617.09.04">Mark T. Boonstra</a>, elected unopposed. <li> 2012 Nov 6: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/kraschel-kreutzer.html#037.90.11">Amy Ronayne Krause</a>, elected unopposed. <li> 2012 Nov 6: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/obrien-oconner.html#031.82.79">Peter D. O'Connell</a>, elected unopposed; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/boothby-borunda.html#079.39.98">Stephen L. Borrello</a>, elected unopposed. </td> <td width=180 align="center" valign="center"> </td></tr></table> <hr> <table width=100%> <tr><td align="center"> "Enjoy the hospitable entertainment of a political graveyard." Henry L. Clinton, Apollo Hall, New York City, February 3, 1872</td> <td><a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/"> <img src="https://politicalgraveyard.com/images/tpgsub.gif" width=450 height=71 align="right" border=0 alt="The Political Graveyard"></a></td></tr></table> <table width=100% cellpadding=2> <tr><td colspan=3> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/index.html">The Political Graveyard</a> is a web site about U.S. political history and cemeteries. Founded in 1996, it is the Internet's most comprehensive free source for American political biography, listing 338,260 politicians, living and dead.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan=3> </td></tr> <tr><td width=32 align="right" valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"> <img src="rd.gif" width=10 height=10> The coverage of this site includes (1) the President, Vice President, members of Congress, elected state and territorial officeholders in all fifty states, the District of Columbia, and U.S. territories; and the chief elected official, typically the mayor, of qualifying municipalities; (2) candidates at election, including primaries, for any of the above; (3) all federal judges and all state appellate judges; (4) certain federal officials, including the federal cabinet, diplomatic chiefs of mission, consuls, U.S. district attorneys, collectors of customs and internal revenue, members of major federal commissions; and political appointee (pre-1969) postmasters of qualifying communities; (5) state and national political party officials, including delegates, alternate delegates, and other participants in national party nominating conventions; (6) Americans who served as "honorary" consuls for other nations before 1950. Note: municipalities or communities "qualify", for Political Graveyard purposes, if they have at least half a million person-years of history, inclusive of predecessor, successor, and merged entities.</td> <td width=100 align="right" valign="top"> </td></tr> <tr><td width=32 align="right" valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"> <img src="rd.gif" width=10 height=10> The listings are incomplete; development of the database is a continually ongoing project.</td> <td width=100 align="right" valign="top"> </td></tr> <tr><td width=32 align="right" valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"> <img src="rd.gif" width=10 height=10> Information on this page — and on all other pages of this site — is believed to be accurate, but is not guaranteed. Users are advised to check with other sources before relying on any information here.</td> <td width=100 align="right" valign="top"> </td></tr> <tr><td width=32 align="right" valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"> <img src="rd.gif" width=10 height=10> The official URL for this page is: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/MI/ofc/coajd.html">https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/MI/ofc/coajd.html</a>.</td> <td width=100 align="right" valign="top"> </td></tr> <tr><td width=32 align="right" valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"> <img src="rd.gif" width=10 height=10> Links to this or any other Political Graveyard page are welcome, but specific page addresses may sometimes change as the site develops.</td> <td width=100 align="right" valign="top"> </td></tr> <tr><td width=32 align="right" valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"> <img src="rd.gif" width=10 height=10> If you are searching for a specific named individual, try the <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/alpha/index.html">alphabetical index of politicians</a>.</td> <td width=100 align="right" valign="top"> </td></tr> <tr><td colspan=3 align="left" valign="top"> Copyright notices: (1) Facts are not subject to copyright; see <a href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/copyright/cases/499_US_340.htm">Feist v. Rural Telephone</a>. (2) Politician portraits displayed on this site are 70-pixel-wide monochrome thumbnail images, which I believe to constitute fair use under applicable copyright law. Where possible, each image is linked to its online source. However, requests from owners of copyrighted images to delete them from this site are honored. (3) Original material, programming, selection and arrangement are © 1996-2025 Lawrence Kestenbaum. (4) This work is also licensed for free non-commercial re-use, with attribution, under a <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons License</a>.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan=3 align="left" valign="top"> What is a "political graveyard"? See <a href="https://politicaldictionary.com/words/political-graveyard">Political Dictionary</a>; <a href="https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=political%20graveyard">Urban Dictionary</a>.</td></tr> <tr><td colspan=3 align="left" valign="top"> Site information: The Political Graveyard is created and maintained by Lawrence Kestenbaum, who is solely responsible for its structure and content. — The mailing address is The Political Graveyard, P.O. Box 2563, Ann Arbor MI 48106. — This site is hosted by <a href="https://www.hdlmi.com">HDLmi.com</a>. — The Political Graveyard opened on July 1, 1996; the last full revision was done on February 17, 2025. </td></tr> </table> </body> </html>