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Yunus</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Rosli Mohd Yunus"> <meta name="keywords" content="Rosli Mohd Yunus"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Rosli Mohd Yunus"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 560</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Rosli Mohd Yunus</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">560</span> Microwave Assisted Extraction (MAE) of Castor Oil from Castor Bean</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ghazi%20Faisal%20Najmuldeen">Ghazi Faisal Najmuldeen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rosli%20Mohd%20Yunus"> Rosli Mohd Yunus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurfarahin%20Bt%20Harun"> Nurfarahin Bt Harun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mardhiana%20Binti%20Ismail"> Mardhiana Binti Ismail</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The microwave extraction has attracted great interest among the researchers. The main virtue of the microwave technique is cost-effective, time saving and simple handling procedure. Castor beans was chosen because of its high content in fatty acid, especially ricinoleic acid. The purpose of this research is to extract the castor oil by using the microwave assisted extraction (MAE) using ethanol as solvent and to investigate the influence of extraction time on castor oil yield and to characterize the main composition of the produced castor oil by using the GC-MS. It was found that there is a direct dependence between the oil yield and the time of extraction as it increases from 45% to 58% as the time increase from 10 min to 60 min. The major components of castor oil detected by GC-MS were ricinoleic acid, linoleic acid and oleic acid. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microwave%20assisted%20extraction%20%28MAE%29" title="microwave assisted extraction (MAE)">microwave assisted extraction (MAE)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=castor%20oil" title=" castor oil"> castor oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ricinoleic%20acid" title=" ricinoleic acid"> ricinoleic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linoleic%20acid" title=" linoleic acid"> linoleic acid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10844/microwave-assisted-extraction-mae-of-castor-oil-from-castor-bean" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10844.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">504</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">559</span> Nanocellulose Incorporated Polyvinyl Alcohol Hydrogel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rosli%20Mohd%20Yunus">Rosli Mohd Yunus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zianor%20Azrina%20Zianon%20Abdin"> Zianor Azrina Zianon Abdin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Dalour%20Hossen%20Beg"> Mohammad Dalour Hossen Beg</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ridzuan%20Ramli"> Ridzuan Ramli </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recently, nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) has gained considerable interest as a promising biomaterial due to their outstanding properties such as high surface area, high mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, biocompatibility and biodegradability. The NCC also has good stability in water which is compatible for mixing of water based polymer solution or emulsions with NCC. Oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) contained different amount of lignocellulosic materials such as lignin, hemicellulose and cellulose. Cellulose is the most significant materials that can be extracted from EFB as nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC). In this work the nanocrystalline cellulose were produced through acid hydrolysis together with ultrasound technique. The morphology of NCC was characterized by TEM, thermal behavior has been studied with DSC, TGA analysis. Structural properties were illustrated X-Ray diffraction as well as FTIR. The hydrogel was produced using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with different concentration of NCC. The hydrogel composite was characterized by swelling ratio, crosslinking density, mechanical properties and morphology. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanocellulose" title="nanocellulose">nanocellulose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20palm" title=" oil palm"> oil palm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrogel" title=" hydrogel"> hydrogel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20treatment" title=" water treatment"> water treatment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49487/nanocellulose-incorporated-polyvinyl-alcohol-hydrogel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49487.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">269</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">558</span> Conversion of Jatropha curcas Oil to Ester Biolubricant Using Solid Catalyst Derived from Saltwater Clam Shell Waste (SCSW)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Said%20Nurdin">Said Nurdin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatimah%20A.%20Misebah"> Fatimah A. Misebah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rosli%20M.%20Yunus"> Rosli M. Yunus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20S.%20Mahmud"> Mohd S. Mahmud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Z.%20Sulaiman"> Ahmad Z. Sulaiman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The discarded clam shell waste, fossil and edible oil as biolubricant feedstocks create environmental impacts and food chain dilemma, thus this work aims to circumvent these issues by using activated saltwater clam shell waste (SCSW) as solid catalyst for conversion of Jatropha curcas oil as non-edible sources to ester biolubricant. The characterization of solid catalyst was done by Differential Thermal Analysis-Thermo Gravimetric Analysis (DTA-TGA), X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) and Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. The calcined catalyst was used in the transesterification of Jatropha oil to methyl ester as the first step, and the second stage was involved the reaction of Jatropha methyl ester (JME) with trimethylolpropane (TMP) based on the various process parameters. The formated biolubricant was analyzed using the capillary column (DB-5HT) equipped Gas Chromatography (GC). The conversion results of Jatropha oil to ester biolubricant can be found nearly 96.66%, and the maximum distribution composition mainly contains 72.3% of triester (TE). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conversion" title="conversion">conversion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jatropha%20curcas%20oil" title=" Jatropha curcas oil"> Jatropha curcas oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ester%20biolubricant" title=" ester biolubricant"> ester biolubricant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solid%20catalyst" title=" solid catalyst"> solid catalyst</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14847/conversion-of-jatropha-curcas-oil-to-ester-biolubricant-using-solid-catalyst-derived-from-saltwater-clam-shell-waste-scsw" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14847.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">368</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">557</span> Effect of Multi Walled Carbon Nanotubes on Pyrolysis Behavior of Unsaturated Polyester Resin</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rosli%20Mohd%20Yunus">Rosli Mohd Yunus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20K.%20M.%20Moshiul%20Alam"> A. K. M. Moshiul Alam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Dalour%20Beg"> Mohammad Dalour Beg</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the case of advance polymeric materials reinforcement and thermal stability of matrix is a focused arena of researchers. The distribution of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) in polymer matrix influences material properties. In this study, multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have been dispersed in unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) through solution mixing and sonication techniques using tetra hydro furan (THF) solvent. Nanocomposites have been fabricated with solution mixing and without solution mixing. Viscosity, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) investigations have been conducted to study the distribution as well as interaction between matrix and MWCNT. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analyses (TGA) and pyrolysis behavior have been conducted to study the thermal degradation and stability of nanocomposites. In addition, the SEM micrographs of nanocomposite residual chars were exhibited more packed together. Incorporation of CNT enhances crystallinity and mechanical and thermal properties of the nanocomposites. Correlations among MWCNTs dispersion, nucleation, fracture morphology and various properties have been made. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=char" title="char">char</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiwall%20carbon%20nanotubes" title=" multiwall carbon nanotubes"> multiwall carbon nanotubes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nano%20composite" title=" nano composite"> nano composite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pyrolysis" title=" pyrolysis"> pyrolysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16054/effect-of-multi-walled-carbon-nanotubes-on-pyrolysis-behavior-of-unsaturated-polyester-resin" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16054.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">360</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">556</span> Physical Fitness Evaluation of MARA Junior Science Collage Rugby Player</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamad%20Nizam%20Asmuni">Mohamad Nizam Asmuni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Naszeri%20Salleh"> Ahmad Naszeri Salleh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yunus%20Adam"> Yunus Adam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azhar%20Yaacob"> Azhar Yaacob</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Hafiz%20Rosli"> Mohd Hafiz Rosli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhamad%20Nazrul%20Hakim%20Abdullah"> Muhamad Nazrul Hakim Abdullah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Athletes at the school should have good physical fitness to participate in tournament. Currently, there are no standards for the level of physical fitness for MARA Junior Science Collage (MJSC). Therefore, this research is to determine the level of physical fitness of rugby player at MJSC. A total of 62 samples (age 16.4 ± 0.75) among rugby players at MJSC were randomly selected to participate in this study. Height, weight, body fat percentage, body mass index (BMI) and other physical testing are measured and recorded. The results showed that the average of body mass index (BMI) for rugby players is 23.4 ± 4:51. Body mass index (BMI) of rugby players can be categorized as pre-obese based on World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. BMI for rugby players was categorized as healthy based on body fat ranges for standard adults at NY Obesity Research Center. Bleep test results show that the average Bleep test is level 7 and shuttle 5; average VO2max was 37.94 L/min. Physical fitness and performance of rugby players at MJSC is lower compared to the rugby junior athletes in University Putra Malaysia (UPM). Therefore, physical fitness of rugby players must be improved to ensure the rugby players at MJSC could be performs better in the tournament. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20fitness" title="physical fitness">physical fitness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MARA%20junior%20science%20collage%20%28MJSC%29" title=" MARA junior science collage (MJSC)"> MARA junior science collage (MJSC)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=body%20mass%20index%20%28BMI%29" title=" body mass index (BMI)"> body mass index (BMI)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bleep%20test" title=" bleep test"> bleep test</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2086/physical-fitness-evaluation-of-mara-junior-science-collage-rugby-player" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2086.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">482</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">555</span> Physical Fitness Evaluation of Physical Education Teachers in Maktab Rendah Sains MARA (MRSM)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamad%20Nizam%20Asmuni">Mohamad Nizam Asmuni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Naszeri%20Salleh"> Ahmad Naszeri Salleh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yunus%20Adam"> Yunus Adam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azhar%20Yaacob"> Azhar Yaacob</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Hafiz%20Rosli"> Mohd Hafiz Rosli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhamad%20Nazrul%20Hakim%20Abdullah"> Muhamad Nazrul Hakim Abdullah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Physical Education teacher at the school should have good physical fitness to educate and guide students in the school. Currently, there are no standards for the level of physical fitness for teachers who teaches physical education at the school. Therefore, this research is to determine the level of physical fitness of teacher of Physical Education at Maktab Rendah Sains MARA (MRSM). A total of 28 samples (18 men and 10 women, age 33 ± 4.91), teachers of physical education at MRSM, were randomly selected to participate in this study. Height, weight, body fat percentage, body mass index (BMI) and other physical testing are measured and recorded. The results showed that the average of body mass index (BMI) for teachers of Physical Education is 25.9 ± 4:57. Body mass index (BMI) of teachers can be categorized as pre-obese based on World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines. Body fat percentage for male (age; 34.3 ± 5.13) and female (age; 30.9 ± 3.81) teachers is 24.7% ± 6.54 and 30.6% ± 6.28, respectively. Male teachers were categorized as overfat, however, female teachers were categorized as healthy based on body fat ranges for standard adults at NY Obesity Research Center. Bleep test results show that the average Bleep test is level 4 and shuttle 2; average VO2max was 27.5 ± 5.94 L/min. Physical fitness and performance of physical education teachers at MRSM is much lower compared to the rugby junior athlete in University Putra Malaysia (UPM). Therefore, physical fitness of teachers must be improved to ensure the physical education classes at MRSM could be done better. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20fitness" title="physical fitness">physical fitness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BMI" title=" BMI"> BMI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bleep%20test" title=" bleep test"> bleep test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obesity" title=" obesity"> obesity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2059/physical-fitness-evaluation-of-physical-education-teachers-in-maktab-rendah-sains-mara-mrsm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2059.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">371</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">554</span> Microcrystalline Cellulose (MCC) from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (EFB) Fiber via Simultaneous Ultrasonic and Alkali Treatment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ridzuan%20Ramli">Ridzuan Ramli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norhafzan%20Junadi"> Norhafzan Junadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20D.H.%20Beg"> Mohammad D.H. Beg</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rosli%20M.%20Yunus"> Rosli M. Yunus</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) was extracted from oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) cellulose which was earlier isolated from oil palm EFB fibre. In order to isolate the cellulose, the chlorination method was carried out. Then, the MCC was prepared by simultaneous ultrasonic and alkali treatment from the isolated α-cellulose. Based on mass balance calculation, the yields for MCC obtained from EFB was 44%. For fiber characterization, it is observed that the chemical composition of the hemicellulose and lignin for all samples decreased while composition for cellulose increased. The structural property of the MCC was studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) method and the result shows that the MCC produced is a cellulose-I polymorph, with 73% crystallinity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oil%20palm%20empty%20fruit%20bunch" title="oil palm empty fruit bunch">oil palm empty fruit bunch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microcrystalline%20cellulose" title=" microcrystalline cellulose"> microcrystalline cellulose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasonic" title=" ultrasonic"> ultrasonic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alkali%20treatment" title=" alkali treatment"> alkali treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=x-ray%20diffraction" title=" x-ray diffraction"> x-ray diffraction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17460/microcrystalline-cellulose-mcc-from-oil-palm-empty-fruit-bunch-efb-fiber-via-simultaneous-ultrasonic-and-alkali-treatment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17460.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">414</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">553</span> Nanocrystalline Cellulose from Oil Palm Fiber</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ridzuan%20Ramli">Ridzuan Ramli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zianor%20Azrina%20Zianon%20Abdin"> Zianor Azrina Zianon Abdin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Dalour%20Beg"> Mohammad Dalour Beg</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rosli%20M.%20Yunus"> Rosli M. Yunus </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) were produced by using the ultrasound assisted acid hydrolysis from oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) pulp with different hydrolysis time then were analyzed by using FESEM and TGA as in comparison with EFB fiber and EFB pulp. Based on the FESEM analysis, it was found that NCC has a rod like shaped under the acid hydrolysis with an assistant of ultrasound. According to thermal stability, the NCC obtained show remarkable sign of high thermal stability compared to EFB fiber and EFB pulp. However, as the hydrolysis time increase, the thermal stability of NCC was deceased. As in conclusion, the NCC can be prepared by using ultrasound assisted acid hydrolysis. The NCC obtained have good thermal stability and have a great potential as the reinforcement in composite materials. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nanocrystalline%20cellulose" title="Nanocrystalline cellulose">Nanocrystalline cellulose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultrasound%20assisted%20acid%20hydrolysis" title=" ultrasound assisted acid hydrolysis"> ultrasound assisted acid hydrolysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20stability" title=" thermal stability"> thermal stability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morphology" title=" morphology"> morphology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=empty%20fruit%20bunch%20%28EFB%29" title=" empty fruit bunch (EFB)"> empty fruit bunch (EFB)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16060/nanocrystalline-cellulose-from-oil-palm-fiber" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16060.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">479</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">552</span> Warm Mix and Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement: A Greener Road Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lillian%20Gungat">Lillian Gungat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meor%20Othman%20Hamzah"> Meor Othman Hamzah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Rosli%20Mohd%20Hasan"> Mohd Rosli Mohd Hasan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jan%20Valentin"> Jan Valentin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Utilization of a high percentage of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) requires higher production temperatures and consumes more energy. High production temperature expedites the aging of bitumen in RAP, which could affect the mixture performance. Warm mix asphalt (WMA) additive enables reduced production temperatures as a result of viscosity reduction. This paper evaluates the integration of a high percentage of RAP with a WMA additive known as RH-WMA. The optimum dosage of RH-WMA was determined from basic properties tests. A total of 0%, 30% and 50% RAP contents from two roads sources were modified with RH-WMA. The modified RAP bitumen were examined for viscosity, stiffness, rutting resistance and greenhouse gas emissions. The addition of RH-WMA improved the flow of bitumen by reducing the viscosity, and thus, decreased the construction temperature. The stiffness of the RAP modified bitumen reduced with the incorporation of RH-WMA. The positive improvement in rutting resistance was observed on bitumen with the addition of RAP and RH-WMA in comparison with control. It was estimated that the addition of RH-WMA could potentially reduce fuel usage and GHG emissions by 22 %. Hence, the synergy of RAP and WMA technology can be an alternative in green road construction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reclaimed%20asphalt%20pavement" title="reclaimed asphalt pavement">reclaimed asphalt pavement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WMA%20additive" title=" WMA additive"> WMA additive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=viscosity" title=" viscosity"> viscosity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stiffness" title=" stiffness"> stiffness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emissions" title=" emissions"> emissions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69909/warm-mix-and-reclaimed-asphalt-pavement-a-greener-road-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69909.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">355</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">551</span> Why Trust Matters for Women Entrepreneurs: Insights from Malaysia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suraini%20Mohd%20Rhouse">Suraini Mohd Rhouse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noor%20Lela%20Ahmad"> Noor Lela Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nek%20Kamal%20Yeop%20Yunus"> Nek Kamal Yeop Yunus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rosfizah%20Md%20Taib"> Rosfizah Md Taib</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article aims to explore the importance of trust to women entrepreneurs. In particular, the research uses a social constructionist lens to examine ways in which women entrepreneurs construct trust in relation to their various stakeholders. A semi-structured interview was used to gather the data. The findings suggest women highlight the importance of trust in order to establish customer satisfaction that can further develop customer loyalty. In addition, aspect of trust with the employees is seen as vital for building organizational commitment to the business organization. Women also see the trust dimension in terms of their relationships with financial providers in order to gain approval for financial resources. This article contributes to the literature on the value of trust to women’s business environments. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=qualitative" title="qualitative">qualitative</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20constructionist" title=" social constructionist"> social constructionist</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trust" title=" trust"> trust</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=women%20entrepreneurship" title=" women entrepreneurship"> women entrepreneurship</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1277/why-trust-matters-for-women-entrepreneurs-insights-from-malaysia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1277.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">560</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">550</span> Behavioral Changes and Gill Histopathological Alterations of Red Hybrid Tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) Exposed to Glyphosate Herbicide</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abubakar%20Muhammad%20Umar">Abubakar Muhammad Umar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nur%20Adeela%20Yasid"> Nur Adeela Yasid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassan%20Mohd%20Daud"> Hassan Mohd Daud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Yunus%20Abd%20Shukor"> Mohd Yunus Abd Shukor</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine] is among the most broadly and generally recognised broad-spectrum herbicides used in agriculture due to its low cost and effectiveness in weed management. The pollution of glyphosate in the aquatic environment can be via water run-off from agricultural lands, or by spray drift, aerial spraying or due to industrial discharge, which may be seen as a threat to aquatic biota. Fish is one of the best organisms to study the toxicological aspects of glyphosate. A 49 days experiment was conducted under laboratory conditions to ascertain the effects of technical grade glyphosate on behaviour and histopathological conditions in the gills of red hybrid tilapia using a light inverted microscope. Air gasping, erratic swimming, fin movement, mucus secretion, hemorrhages, and loss of scales were observed as behavioural changes in the exposed fish. There was no histopathological complication observed in the gill of the control fish, but various levels of alterations were seen in the gills of the fish exposed to glyphosate herbicide. These include lifting of primary lamella, congestion of secondary lamella, as well as hyperplasia in both primary and secondary gill lamella, and hypertrophy of secondary gill lamella. Based on the findings of this study, glyphosate herbicide exerts behavioural and histopathological changes in the gill of red hybrid tilapia, and therefore, the fish is considered a good bioindicator in aquatic environment monitoring. Excessive usage of glyphosate herbicide near aquatic habitats should be discouraged. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=behavioural" title="behavioural">behavioural</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=histopathological" title=" histopathological"> histopathological</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oreochromis%20niloticus" title=" Oreochromis niloticus"> Oreochromis niloticus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glyphosate" title=" glyphosate"> glyphosate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187898/behavioral-changes-and-gill-histopathological-alterations-of-red-hybrid-tilapia-oreochromis-sp-exposed-to-glyphosate-herbicide" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187898.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">47</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">549</span> Prediction of Changes in Optical Quality by Tissue Redness after Pterygium Surgery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Radzi%20Hilmi">Mohd Radzi Hilmi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Zulfaezal%20Che%20Azemin"> Mohd Zulfaezal Che Azemin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khairidzan%20Mohd%20Kamal"> Khairidzan Mohd Kamal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azrin%20Esmady%20Ariffin"> Azrin Esmady Ariffin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Izzuddin%20Mohd%20Tamrin"> Mohd Izzuddin Mohd Tamrin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norfazrina%20Abdul%20Gaffur"> Norfazrina Abdul Gaffur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tengku%20Mohd%20Tengku%20Sembok"> Tengku Mohd Tengku Sembok</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purpose: The purpose of this study is to predict optical quality changes after pterygium surgery using tissue redness grading. Methods: Sixty-eight primary pterygium participants were selected from patients who visited an ophthalmology clinic. We developed a semi-automated computer program to measure the pterygium fibrovascular redness from digital pterygium images. The outcome of this software is a continuous scale grading of 1 (minimum redness) to 3 (maximum redness). The region of interest (ROI) was selected manually using the software. Reliability was determined by repeat grading of all 68 images and its association with contrast sensitivity function (CSF) and visual acuity (VA) was examined. Results: The mean and standard deviation of redness of the pterygium fibrovascular images was 1.88 ± 0.55. Intra- and inter-grader reliability estimates were high with intraclass correlation ranging from 0.97 to 0.98. The new grading was positively associated with CSF (p<0.01) and VA (p<0.01). The redness grading was able to predict 25% and 23% of the variance in the CSF and the VA respectively. Conclusions: The new grading of pterygium fibrovascular redness can be reliably measured from digital images and show a good correlation with CSF and VA. The redness grading can be used in addition to the existing pterygium grading. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contrast%20sensitivity" title="contrast sensitivity">contrast sensitivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pterygium" title=" pterygium"> pterygium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=redness" title=" redness"> redness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visual%20acuity" title=" visual acuity "> visual acuity </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38454/prediction-of-changes-in-optical-quality-by-tissue-redness-after-pterygium-surgery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38454.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">515</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">548</span> The Influence of Leader’s Sources of Power on Organizational Citizenship Behaviour </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noor%20Azlina%20Mohamed%20Yunus">Noor Azlina Mohamed Yunus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noorlaila%20Yunus"> Noorlaila Yunus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kadulliah%20Ghazali"> Kadulliah Ghazali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this an era of intense competition, Malaysia aspires to be a fully developed country by 2020 and desires its citizens to perform and execute excellent work behaviors. For that reason, organizations are focusing on employees’ positive and constructive behaviors such as organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). They expect employees to not only complete their required duties by providing excellent performance but also keenly go beyond their roles that are not specifying in their formal job descriptions to ensure organizational success. The role and duty to acquire employees to engage and connect in OCB is the responsibility of a leader. Thus, leaders can utilize their sources of power to enable subordinates to accomplish organizational objective including OCB. Therefore, this paper formulates a framework postulating leader’s sources of power as an antecedent of organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). The discussion on implications for future theory development is discussed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizational%20citizenship%20behaviour%20%28OCB%29" title="organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB)">organizational citizenship behaviour (OCB)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leader%E2%80%99s%20sources%20of%20power" title=" leader’s sources of power"> leader’s sources of power</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=call%20centre%20industry" title=" call centre industry"> call centre industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conceptual%20paper" title=" conceptual paper"> conceptual paper</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12041/the-influence-of-leaders-sources-of-power-on-organizational-citizenship-behaviour" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/12041.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">321</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">547</span> Hydrodynamics of Dual Hybrid Impeller of Stirred Reactor Using Radiotracer</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noraishah%20Othman">Noraishah Othman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Siti%20K.%20Kamarudin"> Siti K. Kamarudin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norinsan%20K.%20Othman"> Norinsan K. Othman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20S.%20Takriff"> Mohd S. Takriff</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masli%20I.%20Rosli"> Masli I. Rosli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Engku%20M.%20Fahmi"> Engku M. Fahmi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mior%20A.%20Khusaini"> Mior A. Khusaini</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present work describes hydrodynamics of mixing characteristics of two dual hybrid impeller consisting of, radial and axial impeller using radiotracer technique. Type A mixer, a Rushton turbine is mounted above a Pitched Blade Turbine (PBT) at common shaft and Type B mixer, a Rushton turbine is mounted below PBT. The objectives of this paper are to investigate the residence time distribution (RTD) of two hybrid mixers and to represent the respective mixers by RTD model. Each type of mixer will experience five radiotracer experiments using Tc99m as source of tracer and scintillation detectors NaI(Tl) are used for tracer detection. The results showed that mixer in parallel model and mixers in series with exchange can represent the flow model in mixer A whereas only mixer in parallel model can represent Type B mixer well than other models. In conclusion, Type A impeller, Rushton impeller above PBT, reduced the presence of dead zone in the mixer significantly rather than Type B. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20impeller" title="hybrid impeller">hybrid impeller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=residence%20time%20distribution%20%28RTD%29" title=" residence time distribution (RTD)"> residence time distribution (RTD)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiotracer%20experiments" title=" radiotracer experiments"> radiotracer experiments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RTD%20model" title=" RTD model"> RTD model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37495/hydrodynamics-of-dual-hybrid-impeller-of-stirred-reactor-using-radiotracer" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37495.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">358</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">546</span> Motivation and Criteria as Determinant Factors in Accepting New Talents on User-Generated Content (UGC): Youtube as a Platform</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shereen%20Nadira%20Binti%20Jasney">Shereen Nadira Binti Jasney</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Syuhaidi%20Bin%20Abu%20Bakar"> Mohd Syuhaidi Bin Abu Bakar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hafizah%20Binti%20Rosli"> Hafizah Binti Rosli </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This quantitative study explored factors that motivate the public to use YouTube; and the elements of criteria, which the public are looking for to accept new talents on User-Generated Content (UGC). There are mass inputs on the net but the publics are still being very selective in accepting new talents. Thus, it is important to identify determinant factors that contribute to the acceptance of new talents on UGC. A total number of 236 respondents have participated in this study using Simple Random Sampling and they were analyzed with descriptive analysis. The findings of this paper advocate that tremendous expansion; and diversification YouTube music offers are main factors that motivated public viewers in using YouTube on accepting new talents. It is also found that by being relatable and concurrently providing interesting contents, having the artist name and song title in the YouTube talent’s title video and the number of views and likes of the video are some of the criteria that the public are looking for in accepting new talents on the UGC. This paper introduces YouTube as a mean of discovering new talents in the music industry where the public, especially the younger generations, whom are actively engaged with current digital landscape that they’ve been presently silver-plated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motivation" title="motivation">motivation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=criteria" title=" criteria"> criteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=new%20talents" title=" new talents"> new talents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=UGC" title=" UGC"> UGC</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=YouTube" title=" YouTube"> YouTube</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40265/motivation-and-criteria-as-determinant-factors-in-accepting-new-talents-on-user-generated-content-ugc-youtube-as-a-platform" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40265.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">287</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">545</span> The Effects of 6-Weeks Aerobic Dance among Women</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Faridz%20Ahmad">Mohd Faridz Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Amir%20Asyraf%20Rosli"> Muhammad Amir Asyraf Rosli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aerobic dance has becoming a popular mode of exercise especially among women due to its fun nature. With a catchy music background and joyful dance steps, aerobic dancers would be able to have fun while sweating out. Depending on its level of aggressiveness, aerobic may also improve and maintain cardiorespiratory fitness other than being a great tool for weight loss. This study intends to prove that aerobic dance activity can bring the same, if not better impacts on health than other types of cardiovascular exercise such as jogging and cycling. The objective of this study was to evaluate and identify the effect of six weeks aerobic dance on cardiovascular fitness and weight loss among women. This study, which was held in Seremban Fit Challenge, used a quasi-experimental design. The subjects selected include a total of 14 women (n = 14) with age (32.4 years old ± 9.1), weight (65.93 kg ± 11.24) and height (165.36 ± 3.46) who joined the Seremban Fit Challenge Season 13. The subjects were asked to join an aerobic dance class with duration of one hour for six weeks in a row. As for the outcome, cardiovascular fitness was measured with a 1-mile run test while any changes on weight was measured using the weighing scale. The result showed that there was a significant difference between pre and post-test for cardiovascular fitness when p = 0.02 < 0.05 and weight loss when p = 0.00 < 0.05. In conclusion, a six-week long aerobic dance program would have a positive effect on cardiovascular fitness and weight. Therefore, aerobic dance may be used as an alternative tool for people who wish to lead a healthy lifestyle in a fun way. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aerobic%20dance" title="aerobic dance">aerobic dance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cardiovascular%20fitness" title=" cardiovascular fitness"> cardiovascular fitness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weight%20loss" title=" weight loss"> weight loss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=1-mile%20run%20test" title=" 1-mile run test"> 1-mile run test</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36149/the-effects-of-6-weeks-aerobic-dance-among-women" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36149.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">547</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">544</span> Science Process Skill and Interest Preschooler in Learning Early Science through Mobile Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seah%20Siok%20Peh">Seah Siok Peh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hashimah%20Mohd%20Yunus"> Hashimah Mohd Yunus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nor%20Hashimah%20Hashim"> Nor Hashimah Hashim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mariam%20Mohamad"> Mariam Mohamad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A country needs a workforce that encompasses knowledge, skilled labourers to generate innovation, productivity and being able to solve problems creatively via technology. Science education experts believe that the mastery of science skills help preschoolers to generate such knowledge on scientific concepts by providing constructive experiences. Science process skills are skills used by scientists to study or investigate a problem, issue, problem or phenomenon of science. In line with the skills used by scientists. The purpose of this study is to investigate the basic science process skill and interest in learning early science through mobile application. This study aimed to explore six spesific basic science process skills by the use of a mobile application as a learning support tool. The descriptive design also discusses on the extent of the use of mobile application in improving basic science process skill in young children. This study consists of six preschoolers and two preschool teachers from two different classes located in Perak, Malaysia. Techniques of data collection are inclusive of observations, interviews and document analysis. This study will be useful to provide information and give real phenomena to policy makers especially Ministry of education in Malaysia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=science%20education" title="science education">science education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=basic%20science%20process%20skill" title=" basic science process skill"> basic science process skill</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interest" title=" interest"> interest</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=early%20science" title=" early science"> early science</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20application" title=" mobile application"> mobile application</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54008/science-process-skill-and-interest-preschooler-in-learning-early-science-through-mobile-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54008.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">245</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">543</span> Schools of Thought in the Field of Social Entrepreneurship</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cris%20Bravo">Cris Bravo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Social entrepreneurship is a new and exciting topic that holds a great promise in helping alleviate the social problems of the world. As a new subject, the meaning of the term is too broad and this is counterproductive in trying to build understanding around the concept. The purpose of this study is to identify and compare the elements of social entrepreneurship as defined by seven international organizations leading social entrepreneurship projects: Ashoka Foundation, Skoll Foundation, Schwab Foundation and Yunus Center; as well as from three other institutions fostering social entrepreneurship: Global Social Benefit Institute, BRAC University, and Socialab. The study used document analysis from Skoll Foundation, Schwab Foundation, Yunus Center and Ashoka Foundation; and open ended interview to experts from the Global Social Benefit Institute at Santa Clara University in United States, BRAC University from Bangladesh, and Socialab from Argentina. The study identified three clearly differentiated schools of thought, based on their views on revenue, scalability, replicability and geographic location. While this study is by no means exhaustive, it provides an indication of the patterns of ideas fostered by important players in the field. By clearly identifying the similarities and differences in the concept of social entrepreneurship, research and practitioners are better equipped to build on the subject, and to promote more adequate and accurate social policies to foster the development of social entrepreneurship. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=replicability" title="replicability">replicability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=revenue" title=" revenue"> revenue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scalability" title=" scalability"> scalability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=schools%20of%20thought" title=" schools of thought"> schools of thought</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20entrepreneurship" title=" social entrepreneurship"> social entrepreneurship</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42889/schools-of-thought-in-the-field-of-social-entrepreneurship" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42889.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">381</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">542</span> A New Modification of Nonlinear Conjugate Gradient Coefficients with Global Convergence Properties</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Alhawarat">Ahmad Alhawarat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mustafa%20Mamat"> Mustafa Mamat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Rivaie"> Mohd Rivaie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ismail%20Mohd"> Ismail Mohd</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Conjugate gradient method has been enormously used to solve large scale unconstrained optimization problems due to the number of iteration, memory, CPU time, and convergence property, in this paper we find a new class of nonlinear conjugate gradient coefficient with global convergence properties proved by exact line search. The numerical results for our new βK give a good result when it compared with well-known formulas. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conjugate%20gradient%20method" title="conjugate gradient method">conjugate gradient method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conjugate%20gradient%20coefficient" title=" conjugate gradient coefficient"> conjugate gradient coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20convergence" title=" global convergence"> global convergence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1392/a-new-modification-of-nonlinear-conjugate-gradient-coefficients-with-global-convergence-properties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1392.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">463</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">541</span> Towards Integrating Statistical Color Features for Human Skin Detection</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Zamri%20Osman">Mohd Zamri Osman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Aizaini%20Maarof"> Mohd Aizaini Maarof</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Foad%20Rohani"> Mohd Foad Rohani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Human skin detection recognized as the primary step in most of the applications such as face detection, illicit image filtering, hand recognition and video surveillance. The performance of any skin detection applications greatly relies on the two components: feature extraction and classification method. Skin color is the most vital information used for skin detection purpose. However, color feature alone sometimes could not handle images with having same color distribution with skin color. A color feature of pixel-based does not eliminate the skin-like color due to the intensity of skin and skin-like color fall under the same distribution. Hence, the statistical color analysis will be exploited such mean and standard deviation as an additional feature to increase the reliability of skin detector. In this paper, we studied the effectiveness of statistical color feature for human skin detection. Furthermore, the paper analyzed the integrated color and texture using eight classifiers with three color spaces of RGB, YCbCr, and HSV. The experimental results show that the integrating statistical feature using Random Forest classifier achieved a significant performance with an F1-score 0.969. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=color%20space" title="color space">color space</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neural%20network" title=" neural network"> neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=random%20forest" title=" random forest"> random forest</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skin%20detection" title=" skin detection"> skin detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=statistical%20feature" title=" statistical feature"> statistical feature</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43485/towards-integrating-statistical-color-features-for-human-skin-detection" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43485.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">462</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">540</span> Cryptocurrency Forensics: Analysis on Bitcoin E-Wallet from Computer Source Evidence </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Nooraiman%20bin%20Noorashid">Muhammad Nooraiman bin Noorashid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Sharizuan%20bin%20Mohd%20Omar"> Mohd Sharizuan bin Mohd Omar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Zabri%20Adil%20bin%20%20Talib"> Mohd Zabri Adil bin Talib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aswami%20Fadillah%20bin%20Mohd%20Ariffin"> Aswami Fadillah bin Mohd Ariffin </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays cryptocurrency has become a global phenomenon known to most people. People using this alternative digital money to do a transaction in many ways (e.g. Used for online shopping, wealth management, and fundraising). However, this digital asset also widely used in criminal activities since its use decentralized control as opposed to centralized electronic money and central banking systems and this makes a user, who used this currency invisible. The high-value exchange of these digital currencies also has been a target to criminal activities. The cryptocurrency crimes have become a challenge for the law enforcement to analyze and to proof the evidence as criminal devices. In this paper, our focus is more on bitcoin cryptocurrency and the possible artifacts that can be obtained from the different type of digital wallet, which is software and browser-based application. The process memory and physical hard disk are examined with the aims of identifying and recovering potential digital evidence. The stage of data acquisition divided by three states which are the initial creation of the wallet, transaction that consists transfer and receiving a coin and the last state is after the wallet is being deleted. Findings from this study suggest that both data from software and browser type of wallet process memory is a valuable source of evidence, and many of the artifacts found in process memory are also available from the application and wallet files on the client computer storage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cryptocurrency" title="cryptocurrency">cryptocurrency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bitcoin" title=" bitcoin"> bitcoin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20wallet" title=" digital wallet"> digital wallet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20forensics" title=" digital forensics"> digital forensics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94467/cryptocurrency-forensics-analysis-on-bitcoin-e-wallet-from-computer-source-evidence" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94467.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">341</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">539</span> Cytochrome B Marker Reveals Three Distinct Genetic Lineages of the Oriental Latrine Fly Chrysomya megacephala (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in Malaysia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajagopal%20Kavitha">Rajagopal Kavitha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Van%20Lun%20Low"> Van Lun Low</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Sofian-Azirun"> Mohd Sofian-Azirun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chee%20Dhang%20Chen"> Chee Dhang Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Yusof%20Farida%20Zuraina"> Mohd Yusof Farida Zuraina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Salleh%20Ahmad%20Firdaus"> Mohd Salleh Ahmad Firdaus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Navaratnam%20Shanti"> Navaratnam Shanti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdul%20Haiyee%20Zaibunnisa"> Abdul Haiyee Zaibunnisa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study investigated the hidden genetic lineages in the oriental latrine fly Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius) across four states (i.e., Johore, Pahang, Perak and Selangor) and a federal territory (i.e., Kuala Lumpur) in Malaysia using Cytochrome b (Cyt b) genetic marker. The Cyt b phylogenetic tree and haplotype network revealed three distinct genetic lineages of Ch. megacephala. Lineage A, the basal clade was restricted to flies that originated from Kuala Lumpur and Selangor, while Lineages B and C, comprised of flies from all studied populations. An overlap of the three genetically divergent groups of Ch. megacephala was observed. However, the flies from both Kuala Lumpur and Selangor populations consisted of three different lineages, indicating that they are genetically diverse compared to those from Pahang, Perak and Johore. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=forensic%20entomology" title="forensic entomology">forensic entomology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calliphoridae" title=" calliphoridae"> calliphoridae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mitochondrial%20DNA" title=" mitochondrial DNA"> mitochondrial DNA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cryptic%20lineage" title=" cryptic lineage"> cryptic lineage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47473/cytochrome-b-marker-reveals-three-distinct-genetic-lineages-of-the-oriental-latrine-fly-chrysomya-megacephala-diptera-calliphoridae-in-malaysia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47473.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">512</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">538</span> Changes in Religious Belief after Flood Disasters</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sapora%20Sipon">Sapora Sipon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Fo%E2%80%99ad%20Sakdan"> Mohd Fo’ad Sakdan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Che%20Su%20Mustaffa"> Che Su Mustaffa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Najib%20Ahmad%20Marzuki"> Najib Ahmad Marzuki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamad%20Sukeri%20Khalid"> Mohamad Sukeri Khalid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Taib%20Ariffin"> Mohd Taib Ariffin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Husni%20Mohd%20Radzi"> Husni Mohd Radzi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salhah%20Abdullah"> Salhah Abdullah </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Flood disasters occur throughout the world including Malaysia. The major flood disaster that hit Malaysia in the 2014-2015 episodes proved the psychosocial and mental health consequences such as vivid images of destruction, upheaval, death and loss of lives. Flood, flood survivors reported that flood has changed one looks at their religious belief. The main objective of this paper is to investigate the changes in religious belief after the 2014-2015 Malaysia flood disaster. The total population of 1300 respondents who experienced the 2014-2015 Malaysia flood were surveyed a month after the disaster. The questionnaires were used to measure religiosity and stress. The results provide compelling evidence that religion played an important role in the lives of Malaysia flood disasters’ survivor where more than half of the respondents (>75%) experiencing the strengthening of their religious belief. It was also reported the victims’ strengthening of their religious belief proved to be a powerful factor in reducing stress in the aftermath of the flood. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=religious%20belief" title="religious belief">religious belief</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flood%20disaster" title=" flood disaster"> flood disaster</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=humanity" title=" humanity"> humanity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=society" title=" society"> society</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30104/changes-in-religious-belief-after-flood-disasters" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30104.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">407</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">537</span> Students' Perception of Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) Skills in Setting up the Simulator Welding Technology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Afif%20Md%20Nasir">Mohd Afif Md Nasir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faizal%20Amin%20Nur%20Yunus"> Faizal Amin Nur Yunus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jamaluddin%20Hashim"> Jamaluddin Hashim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abd%20Samad%20Hassan%20Basari"> Abd Samad Hassan Basari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Halim%20Sahelan"> A. Halim Sahelan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study is to identify the suitability of Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) in welding simulator application towards Computer-Based Training (CBT) in developing skills upon new students at the Advanced Technology Training Center (ADTEC), Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia and GIATMARA, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia. The purpose of the study is to create a computer-based skills development approach in welding technology among new students in ADTEC and GIATMARA, as well as cultivating the elements of general skills among them. This study is also important in elevating the number of individual knowledge workers (K-workers) working in manufacturing industry in order to achieve a national vision which is to be an industrial nation in the year of 2020. The design of the study is a survey type of research which uses questionnaires as the instruments and 136 students from ADTEC and GIATMARA were interviewed. Descriptive analysis is used to identify the frequency and mean values. The findings of the study shows that the welding technology skills have developed in the students as a result of the application of VLE simulator at a high level and the respondents agreed that the skills could be embedded through the application of the VLE simulator. In summary, the VLE simulator is suitable in welding skills development training in terms of exposing new students with the relevant characteristics of welding skills and at the same time spurring the students’ interest towards learning more about the skills. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer-based%20training%20%28CBT%29" title="computer-based training (CBT)">computer-based training (CBT)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge%20workers%20%28K-workers%29" title=" knowledge workers (K-workers)"> knowledge workers (K-workers)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20learning%20environment" title=" virtual learning environment"> virtual learning environment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=welding%20simulator" title=" welding simulator"> welding simulator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=welding%20technology" title=" welding technology"> welding technology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31784/students-perception-of-virtual-learning-environment-vle-skills-in-setting-up-the-simulator-welding-technology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31784.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">348</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">536</span> Ground Track Assessment Using Electrical Resistivity Tomography Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noryani%20Natasha%20Yahaya">Noryani Natasha Yahaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anas%20Ibrahim"> Anas Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juraidah%20Ahmad"> Juraidah Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azura%20Ahmad"> Azura Ahmad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Ikmal%20Fazlan%20Rosli"> Mohd Ikmal Fazlan Rosli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zailan%20Ramli"> Zailan Ramli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhd%20Sidek%20Muhd%20Norhasri"> Muhd Sidek Muhd Norhasri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The subgrade formation is an important element of the railway structure which holds overall track stability. Conventional track maintenance involves many substructure component replacements, as well as track re-ballasting on a regular basis is partially contributed to the embankment's long-term settlement problem. For subgrade long-term stability analysis, the geophysical method is commonly being used to diagnose those hidden sources/mechanisms of track deterioration problems that the normal visual method is unable to detect. Electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) is one of the applicable geophysical tools that are helpful in railway subgrade inspection/track monitoring due to its flexibility and reliability of the analysis. The ERT was conducted at KM 23.0 of Pinang Tunggal track to investigate the subgrade of railway track through the characterization/mapping on track formation profiling which was directly generated using 2D analysis of Res2dinv software. The profiles will allow examination of the presence and spatial extent of a significant subgrade layer and screening of any poor contact of soil boundary. Based on the finding, there is a mix/interpretation/intermixing of an interlayer between the sub-ballast and the sand. Although the embankment track considered here is at no immediate risk of settlement effect or any failure, the regular monitoring of track’s location will allow early correction maintenance if necessary. The developed data of track formation clearly shows the similarity of the side view with the assessed track. The data visualization in the 2D section of the track embankment agreed well with the initial assumption based on the main element structure general side view. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ground%20track" title="ground track">ground track</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assessment" title=" assessment"> assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resistivity" title=" resistivity"> resistivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=geophysical%20railway" title=" geophysical railway"> geophysical railway</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=method" title=" method"> method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147484/ground-track-assessment-using-electrical-resistivity-tomography-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147484.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">155</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">535</span> Triangular Geometric Feature for Offline Signature Verification</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zuraidasahana%20Zulkarnain">Zuraidasahana Zulkarnain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Shafry%20Mohd%20Rahim"> Mohd Shafry Mohd Rahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nor%20Anita%20Fairos%20Ismail"> Nor Anita Fairos Ismail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Azhar%20M.%20Arsad"> Mohd Azhar M. Arsad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Handwritten signature is accepted widely as a biometric characteristic for personal authentication. The use of appropriate features plays an important role in determining accuracy of signature verification; therefore, this paper presents a feature based on the geometrical concept. To achieve the aim, triangle attributes are exploited to design a new feature since the triangle possesses orientation, angle and transformation that would improve accuracy. The proposed feature uses triangulation geometric set comprising of sides, angles and perimeter of a triangle which is derived from the center of gravity of a signature image. For classification purpose, Euclidean classifier along with Voting-based classifier is used to verify the tendency of forgery signature. This classification process is experimented using triangular geometric feature and selected global features. Based on an experiment that was validated using Grupo de Senales 960 (GPDS-960) signature database, the proposed triangular geometric feature achieves a lower Average Error Rates (AER) value with a percentage of 34% as compared to 43% of the selected global feature. As a conclusion, the proposed triangular geometric feature proves to be a more reliable feature for accurate signature verification. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biometrics" title="biometrics">biometrics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=euclidean%20classifier" title=" euclidean classifier"> euclidean classifier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=features%20extraction" title=" features extraction"> features extraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=offline%20signature%20verification" title=" offline signature verification"> offline signature verification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=voting-based%20classifier" title=" voting-based classifier"> voting-based classifier</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45300/triangular-geometric-feature-for-offline-signature-verification" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45300.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">378</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">534</span> Studies on Induction of Cytotoxicity Through Apoptosis In Ovarian Cancer Cell Line (CAOV-3) by Chloroform Extract of Artocarpus Kemando Miq</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noor%20Shafifiyaz%20Mohd%20Yazid">Noor Shafifiyaz Mohd Yazid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Najihah%20Mohd%20Hashim"> Najihah Mohd Hashim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hapipah%20Mohd%20Ali"> Hapipah Mohd Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Syam%20Mohan"> Syam Mohan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rosea%20Go"> Rosea Go</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Artocarpus kemando is a plant species from Moraceae family. This plant is used as household utensil by the local and the fruits are edible. The plants’ bark was used for the extraction process and yielded the chloroform crude extract which was used to screen for anticancer potential. The cytotoxic effect of the extract on CAOV-3 and WRL 68 cell lines were determined using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide or MTT assays. Qualitative AO/PI assay was performed to confirm the apoptosis and necrosis process. Meanwhile, the measurement of cell loss, nuclear morphology, DNA content, cell membrane permeability, mitochondrial membrane potential changes and cytochrome c release from mitochondria were detected through cytotoxicity 3 assay. In MTT assay, A. kemando inhibited 50% growth of CAOV-3 cells at 27.9 ± 0:03, 20.1± 0:03, 18.21± 0:04 µg/mL after 24, 48 and 72 hour, respectively. The morphology changes can be seen on CAOV-3 with a production of cell membrane blebbing, cromatin condensation and apoptotic bodies. Evaluation of cytotoxicity 3 on CAOV-3 cells after treated with extract resulting loss of mitochondrial membrane potential and release of cytochrome c from mitochondria. The results demonstrated A. kemando has potentially anticancer agent, particularly on human ovarian cancer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anticancer" title="anticancer">anticancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Artocarpus%20kemando" title=" Artocarpus kemando"> Artocarpus kemando</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ovarian%20cancer" title=" ovarian cancer"> ovarian cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity" title=" cytotoxicity"> cytotoxicity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13699/studies-on-induction-of-cytotoxicity-through-apoptosis-in-ovarian-cancer-cell-line-caov-3-by-chloroform-extract-of-artocarpus-kemando-miq" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13699.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">551</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">533</span> The Effect of Second Victim-Related Distress on Work-Related Outcomes in Tertiary Care, Kelantan, Malaysia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Zulfahmi%20Mohd%20Kamaruzaman">Ahmad Zulfahmi Mohd Kamaruzaman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Ismail%20Ibrahim"> Mohd Ismail Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ariffin%20Marzuki%20Mokhtar"> Ariffin Marzuki Mokhtar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maizun%20Mohd%20Zain"> Maizun Mohd Zain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saiful%20Nazri%20Satiman"> Saiful Nazri Satiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Najib%20Majdi%20Yaacob"> Mohd Najib Majdi Yaacob</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Aftermath any patient safety incidents, the involved healthcare providers possibly sustained second victim-related distress (second victim distress and reduced their professional efficacy), with subsequent negative work-related outcomes or vice versa cultivating resilience. This study aimed to investigate the factors affecting negative work-related outcomes and resilience, with the triad of support; colleague, supervisor, and institutional support as the hypothetical mediators. Methods: This was a cross sectional study recruiting a total of 733 healthcare providers from three tertiary care in Kelantan, Malaysia. Three steps of hierarchical linear regression were developed for each outcome; negative work-related outcomes and resilience. Then, four multiple mediator models of support triad were analyzed. Results: Second victim distress, professional efficacy, and the support triad contributed significantly for each regression model. In the pathway of professional efficacy on each negative work-related outcomes and resilience, colleague support partially mediated the relationship. As for second victim distress on negative work related outcomes, colleague and supervisor support were the partial mediator, and on resilience; all support triad also produced a similar effect. Conclusion: Second victim distress, professional efficacy, and the support triad influenced the relationship with the negative work-related outcomes and resilience. Support triad as the mediators ameliorated the effect in between and explained the urgency of having good support for recovery post encountering patient safety incidents. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=second%20victims" title="second victims">second victims</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=patient%20safety%20incidents" title=" patient safety incidents"> patient safety incidents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hierarchical%20linear%20regression" title=" hierarchical linear regression"> hierarchical linear regression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mediation" title=" mediation"> mediation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=support" title=" support"> support</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150191/the-effect-of-second-victim-related-distress-on-work-related-outcomes-in-tertiary-care-kelantan-malaysia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150191.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">109</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">532</span> Low Back Pain among Nurses in Penang Public Hospitals: A Study on Prevalence and Factors Associated</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Izani%20Uzair%20Zubair">Izani Uzair Zubair</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Ismail%20Ibrahim"> Mohd Ismail Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Nazri%20Shafei"> Mohd Nazri Shafei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassan%20Merican%20Omar%20Naina%20Merican"> Hassan Merican Omar Naina Merican</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamad%20Sabri%20Othman"> Mohamad Sabri Othman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Izmi%20Ahmad%20Ibrahim"> Mohd Izmi Ahmad Ibrahim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rasilah%20Ramli"> Rasilah Ramli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rajpal%20Singh%20Karam%20Singh"> Rajpal Singh Karam Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nurses experience a higher prevalence of low back pain (LBP) and musculoskeletal complaints as compared to other hospital workers. Due to no proper policy related to LBP, the job has exposed them to the problem. Thus, the current study aims to look at the intensity of the problem and factors associated with development of LBP. Method and Tools: A cross sectional study was carried out among 1292 nurses from six public hospitals in Penang. They were randomly selected and those who were pregnant and have been diagnosed to have LBP were excluded. A Malay validated BACK Questionnaire was used. The associated factors were determined by using multiple logistic regression from SPSS version 20.0. Result: Most of the respondents were at mean age 30 years old and had mean working experience 86 months. The prevalence of LBP was identified as 76% (95% CI 74, 82). Factors that were associated with LBP among nurses include lifting a heavy object (OR2.626 (95% CI 1.978, 3.486) p =0.001 and the estimation weight of the lifted object (OR1.443 (95% CI 1.056, 1.970) p =0.021. Conclusion: Nurses who practice lifting heavy object and weight of the object lifted give a significant contribution to the development of LBP. The prevalence of the problem is significantly high. Thus, a proper no weight lifting policy should be considered. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20back%20pain" title="low back pain">low back pain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nurses" title=" nurses"> nurses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Penang%20public%20hospital" title=" Penang public hospital"> Penang public hospital</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Penang" title=" Penang"> Penang</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64098/low-back-pain-among-nurses-in-penang-public-hospitals-a-study-on-prevalence-and-factors-associated" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64098.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">487</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">531</span> A Review on Light Shafts Rendering for Indoor Scenes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hatam%20H.%20Ali">Hatam H. Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Shahrizal%20Sunar"> Mohd Shahrizal Sunar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hoshang%20Kolivand"> Hoshang Kolivand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Azhar%20Bin%20M.%20Arsad"> Mohd Azhar Bin M. Arsad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rendering light shafts is one of the important topics in computer gaming and interactive applications. The methods and models that are used to generate light shafts play crucial role to make a scene more realistic in computer graphics. This article discusses the image-based shadows and geometric-based shadows that contribute in generating volumetric shadows and light shafts, depending on ray tracing, radiosity, and ray marching technique. The main aim of this study is to provide researchers with background on a progress of light scattering methods so as to make it available for them to determine the technique best suited to their goals. It is also hoped that our classification helps researchers find solutions to the shortcomings of each method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shaft%20of%20lights" title="shaft of lights">shaft of lights</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=realistic%20images" title=" realistic images"> realistic images</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image-based" title=" image-based"> image-based</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=and%20geometric-based" title=" and geometric-based"> and geometric-based</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46822/a-review-on-light-shafts-rendering-for-indoor-scenes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46822.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> 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