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Available in 17 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-17" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">17 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%B3" title="أندريا جيمس – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أندريا جيمس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_James" title="Andrea James – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Andrea James" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_James" title="Andrea James – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Andrea James" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_James" title="Andrea James – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Andrea James" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A2_%D8%AC%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%B2" title="آندره‌آ جیمز – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آندره‌آ جیمز" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_James" title="Andrea James – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Andrea James" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%B6%D5%A4%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%A1_%D5%8B%D5%A5%D5%B5%D5%B4%D5%BD" title="Անդրեա Ջեյմս – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Անդրեա Ջեյմս" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_James" title="Andrea James – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Andrea James" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D8%AC%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%B3" title="اندريا جيمس – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اندريا جيمس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%90%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%A1%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86_%E0%A8%9C%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BC" title="ਐਂਡਰੀਆ ਜੇਮਜ਼ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਐਂਡਰੀਆ ਜੇਮਜ਼" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D8%AC%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%B2" title="اینڈریا جیمز – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="اینڈریا جیمز" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_James" title="Andrea James – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Andrea James" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrea_James" title="Andrea James – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Andrea James" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%81,_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0" title="Джеймс, Андреа – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Джеймс, Андреа" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE_%E0%AE%9C%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81" title="ஆண்ட்ரியா ஜேம்சு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஆண்ட்ரியா ஜேம்சு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B0_%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BC%D1%81" title="Андреа Джеймс – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Андреа Джеймс" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%88%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7_%D8%AC%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%B2" title="اینڈریا جیمز – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اینڈریا جیمز" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/30px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/40px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American writer, film producer, director, and activist</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the Australian playwright of the same name, see <a href="/wiki/Andrea_James_(playwright)" title="Andrea James (playwright)">Andrea James (playwright)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Andrea James</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Andrea_James,_2014.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Andrea_James%2C_2014.jpg/220px-Andrea_James%2C_2014.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="301" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Andrea_James%2C_2014.jpg/330px-Andrea_James%2C_2014.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Andrea_James%2C_2014.jpg/440px-Andrea_James%2C_2014.jpg 2x" data-file-width="702" data-file-height="960" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1967-01-16</span>) </span>January 16, 1967<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 57)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Wabash_College" title="Wabash College">Wabash College</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">BA</a>)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago" title="University of Chicago">University of Chicago</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Master_of_Arts" title="Master of Arts">MA</a>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation(s)</th><td class="infobox-data role">Producer, writer, activist</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://andreajames.com">Official website</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Andrea Jean James</b> (born January 16, 1967) is an American <a href="/wiki/Transgender_rights_movement" title="Transgender rights movement">transgender rights</a> activist, film producer, and blogger. </p><p>Herself a <a href="/wiki/Trans_woman" title="Trans woman">transgender woman</a>, James has been a leading figure in protests against the work of sexologists including <a href="/wiki/Ray_Blanchard" title="Ray Blanchard">Ray Blanchard</a> and <a href="/wiki/J._Michael_Bailey" title="J. Michael Bailey">J. Michael Bailey</a> who she argues engage in the academic exploitation of transgender people. Her tactics—which include targeting the families of those she opposes—have been described by critics as intimidation and harassment. </p><p>James runs the website <i><b>Transgender Map</b></i>, which contains advice for trans people, as well as extensive information about those she considers anti-trans. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education_and_career">Education and career</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Andrea_James_and_Calpernia_Addams_(cropped).jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Andrea_James_and_Calpernia_Addams_%28cropped%29.jpeg/220px-Andrea_James_and_Calpernia_Addams_%28cropped%29.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Andrea_James_and_Calpernia_Addams_%28cropped%29.jpeg/330px-Andrea_James_and_Calpernia_Addams_%28cropped%29.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Andrea_James_and_Calpernia_Addams_%28cropped%29.jpeg/440px-Andrea_James_and_Calpernia_Addams_%28cropped%29.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="1371" data-file-height="1048" /></a><figcaption>James and <a href="/wiki/Calpernia_Addams" title="Calpernia Addams">Calpernia Addams</a> at the Out and Equal Workplace Summit, 2006</figcaption></figure> <p>James grew up in <a href="/wiki/Franklin,_Indiana" title="Franklin, Indiana">Franklin, Indiana</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Bartner3June2016_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bartner3June2016-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and attended <a href="/wiki/Wabash_College" title="Wabash College">Wabash College</a>, where she majored in English, Latin, and Greek. After graduating in 1989, she obtained an M.A. in English language and literature from the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago" title="University of Chicago">University of Chicago</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Wabash_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wabash-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After college, James worked in advertising, first for several years at the <i><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Tribune" title="Chicago Tribune">Chicago Tribune</a></i>, then for a decade at <a href="/wiki/DDB_Worldwide" title="DDB Worldwide">DDB Chicago</a>. It was while working there that she <a href="/wiki/Transitioning_(transgender)" class="mw-redirect" title="Transitioning (transgender)">transitioned</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Bartner3June2016_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bartner3June2016-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1999 she created <i>Transsexual Road Map</i> (later renamed <i>Transgender Map</i>), an online resource for the <a href="/wiki/Transgender" title="Transgender">transgender</a> community.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>James moved to Los Angeles in 2003 and co-founded <i>Deep Stealth Productions</i> with her roommate, author and entertainer <a href="/wiki/Calpernia_Addams" title="Calpernia Addams">Calpernia Addams</a>, to create content by and for transgender people.<sup id="cite_ref-boingboing.net_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-boingboing.net-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They filmed an instructional video, <i>Finding Your Female Voice</i>, to offer voice coaching to <a href="/wiki/Trans_woman" title="Trans woman">trans women</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in 2004 produced and performed in the first all-transgender cast of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Vagina_Monologues" title="The Vagina Monologues">The Vagina Monologues</a></i>, debuting a new piece created by <a href="/wiki/Eve_Ensler" title="Eve Ensler">Eve Ensler</a> for the occasion.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> James was also a co-producer of and appeared in <i>Beautiful Daughters</i>, a documentary film about the event.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to her website, her work in film has continued, and as of December 2023<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Andrea_James&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> she has directed at least 11 videos, shorts, or TV series, and acted as a consultant on many more.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>James has served on the boards of nonprofits TransYouth Family Allies<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Outfest" title="Outfest">Outfest</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She writes about consumer rights, technology, pop culture, and LGBT rights on her website, and she has contributed to <i><a href="/wiki/Boing_Boing" title="Boing Boing">Boing Boing</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/QuackWatch" class="mw-redirect" title="QuackWatch">QuackWatch</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/EMedicine" title="EMedicine">eMedicine</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Advocate_(LGBT_magazine)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Advocate (LGBT magazine)">The Advocate</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Huffington_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="The Huffington Post">The Huffington Post</a></i> and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-boingboing.net_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-boingboing.net-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bashour_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bashour-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Nichols4July2016_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nichols4July2016-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Activism">Activism</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Protests_against_The_Man_Who_Would_Be_Queen">Protests against <i>The Man Who Would Be Queen</i></h3></div> <p>Together with <a href="/wiki/Lynn_Conway" title="Lynn Conway">Lynn Conway</a> and <a href="/wiki/Deirdre_McCloskey" title="Deirdre McCloskey">Deirdre McCloskey</a>, James was a driving figure in protests—notable for their implications for <a href="/wiki/Academic_freedom" title="Academic freedom">academic freedom</a> and <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_speech" title="Freedom of speech">freedom of speech</a>—against <a href="/wiki/J._Michael_Bailey" title="J. Michael Bailey">J. Michael Bailey</a>'s book <i><a href="/wiki/The_Man_Who_Would_Be_Queen" title="The Man Who Would Be Queen">The Man Who Would Be Queen</a></i> (2003).<sup id="cite_ref-NYT2007_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT2007-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the book, Bailey argues that there are <a href="/wiki/Blanchard%27s_transsexualism_typology" title="Blanchard's transsexualism typology">two forms of transsexualism</a>: one a variant of male homosexuality, and the other a male sexual interest in having a female body, a taxonomy critics see as inaccurate and damaging.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT2007_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT2007-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> James argued that Bailey's work was unscientific with "roots in the eugenics movement," and portrayed gender variant behavior as a psychosexual pathology.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bailey was accused of unethical behavior, including that he had performed research without consent, that he had <a href="/wiki/Outing" title="Outing">outed</a> transgender women, and that he had practiced psychology without a license<sup id="cite_ref-Surkan2007p700_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Surkan2007p700-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>— allegations which a later investigation found to be baseless.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the midst of the protests against the book, which involved a petition drive and the organized submission of formal complaints, the book's <a href="/wiki/Lambda_Literary_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Lambda Literary Award">Lambda Literary Award</a> nomination was rescinded, and Bailey stepped down from his role as chair of the <a href="/wiki/Northwestern_University" title="Northwestern University">Northwestern University</a> <a href="/wiki/Psychology" title="Psychology">psychology</a> department.<sup id="cite_ref-Surkan2007p700_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Surkan2007p700-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although some praised the protests as successful action against the academic exploitation of transgender people,<sup id="cite_ref-Surkan2007p700_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Surkan2007p700-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> others viewed them as intimidation and harassment.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_21-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Alice_Dreger" title="Alice Dreger">Alice Dreger</a>, an <a href="/wiki/Intersex_human_rights" title="Intersex human rights">intersex rights</a> activist and a colleague of Bailey's at Northwestern University whose investigation into the controversy was featured in <i><a href="/wiki/Archives_of_Sexual_Behavior" title="Archives of Sexual Behavior">Archives of Sexual Behavior</a>,</i> found that the allegations against Bailey were baseless,<sup id="cite_ref-NYT2007_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT2007-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_21-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and she criticized James for satirizing Bailey with a page on her website with photographs of Bailey's children alongside sexually explicit captions, including calling his 5-year-old daughter a "cock-starved exhibitionist."<sup id="cite_ref-:0_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYT2007_17-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT2007-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_21-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dreger described James's actions as intimidation and argued that James was motivated by scorn for anyone who disagreed with the "woman trapped in a man's body" narrative of trans identity, referencing the "surprisingly large number" of emails she received from transgender women alleging that James had also harassed them for sharing their stories.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_21-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Outside of the transgender community and sexology researchers, this controversy is largely notable because of its implications for <a href="/wiki/Academic_freedom" title="Academic freedom">academic freedom</a> and <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_speech" title="Freedom of speech">freedom of speech</a>. Some critics of Bailey argue that the protests represent legitimate comment on a topic of public interest.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT2007_17-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT2007-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In a comment to <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>,</i> McCloskey said "Nothing we have done, I believe, and certainly nothing I have done, overstepped any boundaries of fair comment on a book and an author who stepped into the public arena with enthusiasm to deliver a false and unscientific and politically damaging opinion.”<sup id="cite_ref-NYT2007_17-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT2007-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bailey's defenders disagree: In the same <i>The New York Times</i> article, Dreger said, "If we're going to have research at all, then we're going to have people saying unpopular things, and if this is what happens to them, then we've got problems not only for science but free expression itself."<sup id="cite_ref-NYT2007_17-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT2007-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Transgender_Map"><i>Transgender Map</i></h3></div> <p>Andrea James runs the website <i>Transgender Map</i> (originally named <i>Transsexual Road Map</i>), which contains resources and advice for transgender people as well as information about people she sees as anti-trans.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_21-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:4_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Wikipedia_people" title="List of Wikipedia people">List of Wikipedia people</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Bartner3June2016-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bartner3June2016_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bartner3June2016_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bartner, Amy (June 3, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.indystar.com/story/life/2016/06/03/transgender-activist-amid-hollywoods-transition/85255448/">"Transgender activist amid Hollywood's transition"</a>, <i>IndyStar</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wabash-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Wabash_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wabash.edu/news/displaystory.cfm?news_ID=6330">"Andrea James to Give Talk at Wabash"</a>. Wabash College, October 21, 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:4_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSingal2023" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Singal" title="Jesse Singal">Singal, Jesse</a> (2023-11-21). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://unherd.com/2023/11/the-rage-behind-transgender-map/">"The rage behind Transgender Map"</a>. <i>UnHerd</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-12-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UnHerd&rft.atitle=The+rage+behind+Transgender+Map&rft.date=2023-11-21&rft.aulast=Singal&rft.aufirst=Jesse&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Funherd.com%2F2023%2F11%2Fthe-rage-behind-transgender-map%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndrea+James" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-boingboing.net-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-boingboing.net_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-boingboing.net_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Jardin, Xeni (December 28, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://boingboing.net/2009/12/28/welcome-to-the-boing-1.html">"Welcome to the Boing Boing guestblog, Andrea James!"</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boing_Boing" title="Boing Boing">Boing Boing</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Addams, Calpernia; James, Andrea (July 22, 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SmUEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA12">"Transformations"</a>. <i>The Advocate</i>, p. 12.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nichols, James Michael (February 28, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/transgender-legend-calpernia-addams_us_56d21ae0e4b0871f60eba835">"The Incredible Story Of Trans Showgirl, Musician And Legend Calpernia Addams"</a>, <i>The Huffington Post</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hopper, Douglas (March 5, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=5246222">"Helping Transgender Women Find a New Voice"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/All_Things_Considered" title="All Things Considered">All Things Considered</a></i>, National Public Radio.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ensler, Eve and Tennyson, Joyce (2005). <i>Vagina Warriors</i>. New York: Bulfinch Press, p. 11. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8212-6183-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8212-6183-5">978-0-8212-6183-5</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040406130759/http://www.lesbianalliance.com/content.cfm?cat=entertainment&sub=events&file=interview">"LesbianAlliance.com interviews DeepStealth's Andrea James"</a>, LesbianAlliance.com. Archived April 6, 2004.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Teaching resources: Beautiful Daughters", <i>Feminist Teacher</i>, 18(2), 2008, pp. 179–180. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40546067">40546067</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.andreajames.com/film-television/">"Film & TV"</a>. <i>Andrea James</i>. 2013-12-19<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-12-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Andrea+James&rft.atitle=Film+%26+TV&rft.date=2013-12-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.andreajames.com%2Ffilm-television%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndrea+James" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames2007" class="citation web cs1">James, Andrea (2007-10-24). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.andreajames.com/2007/10/23/im-a-transyouth-family-advocate-2/">"I'm a TransYouth Family Advocate!"</a>. <i>Andrea James</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-12-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Andrea+James&rft.atitle=Outfest+Board+of+Directors&rft.date=2008-06-11&rft.aulast=James&rft.aufirst=Andrea&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.andreajames.com%2F2008%2F06%2F11%2Foutfest-board-of-directors%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndrea+James" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bashour-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bashour_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bashour, Mounir and James, Andrea (July 2, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/843831-overview">"Laser Hair Removal"</a>, <a href="/wiki/EMedicine" title="EMedicine">eMedicine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">James, Andrea (December 18, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.advocate.com/article.aspx?id=22115">"Don't Tick Off Trans"</a>. <i>The Advocate</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nichols4July2016-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Nichols4July2016_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNichols2016" class="citation news cs1">Nichols, James Michael (4 July 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/andrea-james-trans-pioneer_us_5776965be4b04164640fc212">"This Trans Pioneer Has Been Fighting For The Trans Community For Decades"</a>. <i>The Huffington Post</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Huffington+Post&rft.atitle=This+Trans+Pioneer+Has+Been+Fighting+For+The+Trans+Community+For+Decades&rft.date=2016-07-04&rft.aulast=Nichols&rft.aufirst=James+Michael&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2Fentry%2Fandrea-james-trans-pioneer_us_5776965be4b04164640fc212&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndrea+James" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT2007-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYT2007_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT2007_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT2007_17-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT2007_17-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT2007_17-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT2007_17-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYT2007_17-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Carey, Benedict (August 21, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2007/08/21/health/psychology/21gender.html?pagewanted=all">"Criticism of a Gender Theory, and a Scientist Under Siege"</a>, <i>The New York Times</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Nichols, Margaret (2008). <a href="//doi.org/10.1007/s10508-008-9329-x" class="extiw" title="doi:10.1007/s10508-008-9329-x">"Dreger on the Bailey Controversy: Lost in the Drama, Missing the Big Picture"</a>, <i>Archives of Sexual Behavior</i>, 37(3), pp. 476–480. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18431629">18431629</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">James, Andrea (September 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tsroadmap.com/info/gender-identity.html">"A defining moment in our history: Examining disease models of gender identity"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171001022451/http://www.tsroadmap.com/info/gender-identity.html">Archived</a> 2017-10-01 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, tsroadmap.com.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Surkan2007p700-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Surkan2007p700_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Surkan2007p700_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Surkan2007p700_20-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Surkan, Kim (2007). 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"The Controversy Surrounding the Man Who Would Be Queen: A Case History of the Politics of Science, Identity, and Sex in the Internet Age," <i>Archives of Sexual Behavior</i>, 37(3), pp.  366–421. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18431641">18431641</a> <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3170124/">3170124</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingal,_Jesse2015" class="citation web cs1">Singal, Jesse (December 30, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nymag.com/scienceofus/2015/12/when-liberals-attack-social-science.html">"Why Some of the Worst Attacks on Social Science Have Come From Liberals"</a>. <i>New York Magazine</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+York+Magazine&rft.atitle=Why+Some+of+the+Worst+Attacks+on+Social+Science+Have+Come+From+Liberals&rft.date=2015-12-30&rft.au=Singal%2C+Jesse&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnymag.com%2Fscienceofus%2F2015%2F12%2Fwhen-liberals-attack-social-science.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndrea+James" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZucker2008" class="citation journal cs1">Zucker, Kenneth J. (June 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10508-007-9300-2">"Introduction to Dreger (2008) and Peer Commentaries"</a>. <i>Archives of Sexual Behavior</i>. <b>37</b> (3): 365. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2Fs10508-007-9300-2">10.1007/s10508-007-9300-2</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0004-0002">0004-0002</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18431642">18431642</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:11494895">11494895</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archives+of+Sexual+Behavior&rft.atitle=Introduction+to+Dreger+%282008%29+and+Peer+Commentaries&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=365&rft.date=2008-06&rft.issn=0004-0002&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A11494895%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F18431642&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2Fs10508-007-9300-2&rft.aulast=Zucker&rft.aufirst=Kenneth+J.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flink.springer.com%2F10.1007%2Fs10508-007-9300-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndrea+James" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:2_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bailey, Michael J. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chron.org/tools/viewart.php?artid=1248">"Academic McCarthyism"</a>, (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120121112607/http://www.chron.org/tools/viewart.php?artid=1248">Archive</a>), <i>Northwestern Chronicle</i>, October 9, 2005.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDreger2015" class="citation book cs1">Dreger, Alice (2015). <i><a href="/wiki/Galileo%27s_Middle_Finger" title="Galileo's Middle Finger">Galileo's Middle Finger </a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Penguin_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Penguin Press">Penguin Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781336009288" title="Special:BookSources/9781336009288"><bdi>9781336009288</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Galileo%27s+Middle+Finger&rft.pub=Penguin+Press&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9781336009288&rft.aulast=Dreger&rft.aufirst=Alice&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAndrea+James" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.andreajames.com/">Official website</a></span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/name/nm2092175/">Andrea James</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/author/andrea-james">"Andrea James"</a>, <i>The Huffington Post</i>.</li> <li>James, Andrea (December 3, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" 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