Digital Ethology

<!doctype html> <html lang="en-US"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <link rel="profile" href="http://gmpg.org/xfn/11"> <meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' /> <style>img:is([sizes="auto" i], [sizes^="auto," i]) { contain-intrinsic-size: 3000px 1500px }</style>  <script type="text/javascript" id="google_gtagjs-js-consent-mode-data-layer"> /* <![CDATA[ */ window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('consent', 'default', {"ad_personalization":"denied","ad_storage":"denied","ad_user_data":"denied","analytics_storage":"denied","functionality_storage":"denied","security_storage":"denied","personalization_storage":"denied","region":["AT","BE","BG","CH","CY","CZ","DE","DK","EE","ES","FI","FR","GB","GR","HR","HU","IE","IS","IT","LI","LT","LU","LV","MT","NL","NO","PL","PT","RO","SE","SI","SK"],"wait_for_update":500}); window._googlesitekitConsentCategoryMap = {"statistics":["analytics_storage"],"marketing":["ad_storage","ad_user_data","ad_personalization"],"functional":["functionality_storage","security_storage"],"preferences":["personalization_storage"]}; window._googlesitekitConsents = {"ad_personalization":"denied","ad_storage":"denied","ad_user_data":"denied","analytics_storage":"denied","functionality_storage":"denied","security_storage":"denied","personalization_storage":"denied","region":["AT","BE","BG","CH","CY","CZ","DE","DK","EE","ES","FI","FR","GB","GR","HR","HU","IE","IS","IT","LI","LT","LU","LV","MT","NL","NO","PL","PT","RO","SE","SI","SK"],"wait_for_update":500}; /* ]]> */ </script>   <title>Digital Ethology</title> <meta name="description" content="Countless permutations of physical, built, and social environments surround us in space and time, influencing the air we breathe, how hot or cold we are, how..." /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/9780262548137/digital-ethology/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Digital Ethology" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Countless permutations of physical, built, and social environments surround us in space and time, influencing the air we breathe, how hot or cold we are, how..." /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://mitpress.mit.edu/9780262548137/digital-ethology/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="MIT Press" /> <meta property="article:publisher" content="https://www.facebook.com/mitpress" /> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2024-06-18T19:04:48+00:00" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Digital Ethology" /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262548137.jpg?auto=format&w=298" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@mitpress" /> <meta name="twitter:label1" content="Est. reading time" /> <meta name="twitter:data1" content="1 minute" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":["WebPage","ItemPage"],"@id":"https://mitpress.mit.edu/book-details/","url":"https://mitpress.mit.edu/book-details/","name":"Book Details - MIT Press","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://mitpress.mit.edu/#website"},"datePublished":"2021-12-01T14:22:19+00:00","dateModified":"2024-06-18T19:04:48+00:00","description":"MIT Press - Book Details","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://mitpress.mit.edu/book-details/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://mitpress.mit.edu/book-details/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://mitpress.mit.edu/book-details/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://mitpress.mit.edu/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Book Details"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://mitpress.mit.edu/#website","url":"https://mitpress.mit.edu/","name":"The MIT Press","description":"The MIT Press, scholarly publishing, located in Cambridge, MA USA","publisher":{"@id":"https://mitpress.mit.edu/#organization"},"alternateName":"MIT Press","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://mitpress.mit.edu/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://mitpress.mit.edu/#organization","name":"The MIT Press, Massachusetts Institute of Technology","alternateName":"The MIT Press","url":"https://mitpress.mit.edu/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://mitpress.mit.edu/#/schema/logo/image/","url":"https://dhjhkxawhe8q4.cloudfront.net/mit-press/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/03104305/MITPcolophon_blog.jpg","contentUrl":"https://dhjhkxawhe8q4.cloudfront.net/mit-press/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/03104305/MITPcolophon_blog.jpg","width":1050,"height":700,"caption":"The MIT Press, Massachusetts Institute of Technology"},"image":{"@id":"https://mitpress.mit.edu/#/schema/logo/image/"},"sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/mitpress","https://x.com/mitpress","https://www.instagram.com/mitpress","https://youtube.com/c/TheMITPress"]}]}</script>  <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//www.googletagmanager.com' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="MIT Press » Feed" href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="MIT Press » Comments Feed" href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/comments/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="text/calendar" title="MIT Press » iCal Feed" href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/events/?ical=1" /> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/mitpress.mit.edu\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.7.2"}}; /*! This file is auto-generated */ !function(i,n){var o,s,e;function c(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(o,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function p(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data),r=(e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0),new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data));return t.every(function(e,t){return e===r[t]})}function u(e,t,n){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf3","\ud83c\uddfa\u200b\ud83c\uddf3")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!n(e,"\ud83d\udc26\u200d\u2b1b","\ud83d\udc26\u200b\u2b1b")}return!1}function f(e,t,n){var r="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):i.createElement("canvas"),a=r.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(a.textBaseline="top",a.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(function(e){o[e]=t(a,e,n)}),o}function t(e){var t=i.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,i.head.appendChild(t)}"undefined"!=typeof Promise&&(o="wpEmojiSettingsSupports",s=["flag","emoji"],n.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},e=new Promise(function(e){i.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e,{once:!0})}),new Promise(function(t){var n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(o));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(s),u.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"}),a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=function(e){c(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}c(n=f(s,u,p))}t(n)}).then(function(e){for(var t in e)n.supports[t]=e[t],n.supports.everything=n.supports.everything&&n.supports[t],"flag"!==t&&(n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&n.supports[t]);n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!n.supports.flag,n.DOMReady=!1,n.readyCallback=function(){n.DOMReady=!0}}).then(function(){return e}).then(function(){var e;n.supports.everything||(n.readyCallback(),(e=n.source||{}).concatemoji?t(e.concatemoji):e.wpemoji&&e.twemoji&&(t(e.twemoji),t(e.wpemoji)))}))}((window,document),window._wpemojiSettings); /* ]]> */ </script> <link rel='stylesheet' id='sbi_styles-css' href='https://mitpress.mit.edu/wp-content/plugins/instagram-feed/css/sbi-styles.min.css?ver=6.7.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> img.wp-smiley, img.emoji { display: inline !important; border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; height: 1em !important; width: 1em !important; margin: 0 0.07em !important; vertical-align: -0.1em !important; background: none !important; padding: 0 !important; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://mitpress.mit.edu/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.7.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> /*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> :root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} :root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='supapress-css' href='https://mitpress.mit.edu/wp-content/plugins/supapress/includes/css/styles.min.css?ver=2.25.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='university-press-theme-style-css' href='https://mitpress.mit.edu/wp-content/themes/university_press_theme/style.css?ver=1.38.2' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='child-style-css' href='https://mitpress.mit.edu/wp-content/themes/mit-press/style.css?ver=1.2.3' type='text/css' media='all' /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://mitpress.mit.edu/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://mitpress.mit.edu/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://mitpress.mit.edu/wp-content/themes/mit-press/js/app.min.js?ver=1.2.3" id="child-scripts-js"></script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/wp-json/wp/v2/pages/33" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <link rel='shortlink' href='https://mitpress.mit.edu/?p=33' /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fmitpress.mit.edu%2Fbook-details%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fmitpress.mit.edu%2Fbook-details%2F&format=xml" /> <meta name="generator" content="Site Kit by Google 1.147.0" /><meta name="tec-api-version" content="v1"><meta name="tec-api-origin" content="https://mitpress.mit.edu"><link rel="alternate" href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/wp-json/tribe/events/v1/" /> <script> dataLayer = [{}]; </script>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-6QXGK7CKTT"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag() { dataLayer.push(arguments); } gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-6QXGK7CKTT'); </script> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://platform-api.sharethis.com/js/sharethis.js#property=646ce5bf40353a0019caeee8&product=inline-share-buttons' async='async'></script> <link rel="icon" href="https://dhjhkxawhe8q4.cloudfront.net/mit-press/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/11131143/cropped-favicon-32x32.png" sizes="32x32" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://dhjhkxawhe8q4.cloudfront.net/mit-press/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/11131143/cropped-favicon-192x192.png" sizes="192x192" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://dhjhkxawhe8q4.cloudfront.net/mit-press/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/11131143/cropped-favicon-180x180.png" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://dhjhkxawhe8q4.cloudfront.net/mit-press/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/11131143/cropped-favicon-270x270.png" /> </head> <body class="page-template page-template-templates page-template-template-full-width page-template-templatestemplate-full-width-php page page-id-33 wp-custom-logo fl-builder-2-8-5-3 tribe-no-js book-details"> <div id="page" class="site"> <a class="skip-link" href="#content">Skip to content</a> <header role="banner" id="masthead" class="site-header js-site-header"> <div class="site-branding site-container"> <div class="site-branding__logo"> <a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/" class="custom-logo-link" rel="home"><img width="386" height="610" src="https://dhjhkxawhe8q4.cloudfront.net/mit-press/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/20143118/logo.png" class="custom-logo" alt="MIT Press" decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" srcset="https://dhjhkxawhe8q4.cloudfront.net/mit-press/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/20143118/logo.png 386w, https://dhjhkxawhe8q4.cloudfront.net/mit-press/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/20143118/logo-190x300.png 190w, https://dhjhkxawhe8q4.cloudfront.net/mit-press/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/20143118/logo-309x488.png 309w, https://dhjhkxawhe8q4.cloudfront.net/mit-press/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/20143118/logo-127x200.png 127w" sizes="(max-width: 386px) 100vw, 386px" /></a> </div> <div class="site-navigation js-site-navigation site-navigation--w-fixed-nav-logo"> <div class="site-container site-navigation__container"> <nav class="main-navigation js-main-navigation" role="navigation" aria-label="main menu: press escape to close the menu"> <div class="menu-main-menu-container"><ul id="primary-menu" class="menu"><li class="site-navigation__fixed-nav-logo"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu" role="link"><img src="https://dhjhkxawhe8q4.cloudfront.net/mit-press/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/26163520/mitp-colophon-white-black-bkg.gif" alt="MIT Press"></a></li><li id="menu-item-10853" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-10853"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Books</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-77" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-77"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Column</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-121" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-121"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/subjects/">View all subjects</a></li> <li id="menu-item-11089" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11089"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/new-releases/">New releases</a></li> <li id="menu-item-85" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-85"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/catalogs/">Catalogs</a></li> <li id="menu-item-9600" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9600"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/textbooks/">Textbooks</a></li> <li id="menu-item-118" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-118"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/series/">Series</a></li> <li id="menu-item-13156" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-13156"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/awards/">Awards</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-117" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-117"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Column</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-76" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-76"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/authors/">Authors</a></li> <li id="menu-item-9677" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9677"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/publishers/">Distributed presses</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3490" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3490"><a target="_blank" href="https://thereader.mitpress.mit.edu/">The MIT Press Reader</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3492" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3492"><a target="_blank" href="https://newbooksnetwork.com/category/up-partners/mit-press-podcast">Podcasts</a></li> <li id="menu-item-12667" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-12667"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/collections/">Collections</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-124" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-124"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Column</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-3434" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-3434"><a target="_blank" href="https://direct.mit.edu/" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">MIT Press Direct</a><p class="menu-item-description">MIT Press Direct is a distinctive collection of influential MIT Press books curated for scholars and libraries worldwide.</p> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-3435" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3435"><a href="https://direct.mit.edu/">Learn more</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-3494" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-3494"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Journals</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-3495" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-3495"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">column</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-3497" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3497"><a target="_blank" href="https://direct.mit.edu/journals/pages/browse_by_topic">Journals all topics</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3498" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3498"><a target="_blank" href="https://direct.mit.edu/journals/pages/browse_by_topic#econ">Economics</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3499" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3499"><a target="_blank" href="https://direct.mit.edu/journals/pages/browse_by_topic#interpol">International Affairs, History, & Political Science</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-3496" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-3496"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">column</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-3500" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3500"><a target="_blank" href="https://direct.mit.edu/journals/pages/browse_by_topic#artshuman">Arts & Humanities</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3501" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3501"><a target="_blank" href="https://direct.mit.edu/journals/pages/browse_by_topic#scitech">Science & Technology</a></li> <li id="menu-item-11045" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-11045"><a target="_blank" href="https://direct.mit.edu/journals/pages/open-access">Open access</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-3503" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-3503"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">column</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-3502" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-3502"><a target="_blank" href="https://direct.mit.edu/journals" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">MIT Press journals</a><p class="menu-item-description">MIT Press began publishing journals in 1970 with the first volumes of <em>Linguistic Inquiry</em> and the <em>Journal of Interdisciplinary History</em>. Today we publish over 30 titles in the arts and humanities, social sciences, and science and technology.</p> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-3504" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3504"><a target="_blank" href="https://direct.mit.edu/journals">Learn more</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-3430" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-3430"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Open Access</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-3464" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-3464"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">column</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-18875" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-18875"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/open-access-at-mit-press/">Open access at the MIT Press</a></li> <li id="menu-item-18876" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-18876"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/open-access-at-mit-press/initiatives/">Open access initiatives</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3467" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3467"><a target="_blank" href="https://direct.mit.edu/books/pages/direct-to-open">Direct to Open</a></li> <li id="menu-item-18847" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-18847"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/open-access-at-mit-press/mit-open-publishing-services/">MIT Open Publishing Services</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-3468" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-3468"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">column</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-18878" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-18878"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/open-access-at-mit-press/books/">Open access books</a></li> <li id="menu-item-18877" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-18877"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/open-access-at-mit-press/journals/">Open access journals</a></li> <li id="menu-item-11873" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-11873"><a target="_blank" href="https://mitpressonpubpub.mitpress.mit.edu/">MIT Press Open Access @ PubPub</a></li> <li id="menu-item-22126" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-22126"><a target="_blank" href="https://oecs.mit.edu/">Open Encyclopedia of Cognitive Science</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-3470" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-3470"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Column</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-10527" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-10527"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/?page_id=9671" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Open access</a><p class="menu-item-description">The MIT Press has been a leader in open access book publishing for over two decades, beginning in 1995 with the publication of William Mitchell鈥檚 City of Bits, which appeared simultaneously in print and in a dynamic, open web edition.</p> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-10445" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-10445"><a href="/about-our-oa-program/">Learn more</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-3431" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-3431"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Info for</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-3474" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-3474"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">column</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-3482" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3482"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/for-authors/">Current authors</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3478" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3478"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/prospective-authors/">Prospective authors</a></li> <li id="menu-item-9771" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9771"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/instructors/">Instructors</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-3476" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-3476"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">column</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-9665" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9665"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/media-inquiries/">Media inquiries</a></li> <li id="menu-item-9664" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9664"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/booksellers/">Booksellers</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3609" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3609"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/rights-permissions/">Rights and permissions</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-3475" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-3475"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">column</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-3485" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-3485"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Resources</a><p class="menu-item-description">Collaborating with authors, instructors, booksellers, librarians, and the media is at the heart of what we do as a scholarly publisher. If you can鈥檛 find the resource you need here, visit our contact page to get in touch.</p> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-10443" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-10443"><a href="/for-authors/">Learn more</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-19570" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-19570"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/give-to-the-mit-press/">Give</a></li> <li id="menu-item-10854" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-10854"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">About</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-10441" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-10441"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Column</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-11348" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11348"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/about/">About</a></li> <li id="menu-item-10327" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-10327"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/jobs/">Jobs</a></li> <li id="menu-item-10328" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-10328"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/internships-paid-internships-books-journals/">Internships</a></li> <li id="menu-item-10324" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-10324"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/mit-press-editorial-board/">MIT Press Editorial Board</a></li> <li id="menu-item-10325" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-10325"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/mit-press-management-board/">MIT Press Management Board</a></li> <li id="menu-item-14905" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-14905"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/collections/our-mit-story/">Our MIT story</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-10329" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-10329"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Column</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-10330" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-10330"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/catalogs/">Catalogs</a></li> <li id="menu-item-10331" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-10331"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/?page_id=105">News</a></li> <li id="menu-item-9516" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-9516"><a href="/events/">Events</a></li> <li id="menu-item-10332" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-10332"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/conferences/">Conferences</a></li> <li id="menu-item-10333" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-10333"><a href="http://mitpressbookstore.mit.edu/">Bookstore</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-10440" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-10440"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Column</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-10334" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-10334"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">The MIT Press</a><p class="menu-item-description">Established in 1962, the MIT Press is one of the largest and most distinguished university presses in the world and a leading publisher of books and journals at the intersection of science, technology, art, social science, and design.</p> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-10442" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-10442"><a href="/about">Learn more</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-11708" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11708"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/contact-us/">Contact Us</a></li> </ul></div> </nav> <button class="icon-close show-mobile js-menu-close" id="menu-close" aria-labelledby="menu-close"> Close Menu </button> <div class="newsletter-link"> <a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/newsletter/" title="Newsletter" target="_blank"> Newsletter </a> </div> <button class="search-trigger show-desktop" aria-labelledby="search-trigger-desktop" aria-label="search-trigger-desktop" id="search-trigger-desktop"> <span>SEARCH</span> <span><img src="https://mitpress.mit.edu/wp-content/themes/mit-press/img/search.svg" alt="Search" /></span> </button> </div> </div> </div> <div class="site-header__mobile-tools show-mobile"> <div class="site-branding__logo"> <a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/" class="custom-logo-link" rel="home"><img width="386" height="610" src="https://dhjhkxawhe8q4.cloudfront.net/mit-press/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/20143118/logo.png" class="custom-logo" alt="MIT Press" decoding="async" srcset="https://dhjhkxawhe8q4.cloudfront.net/mit-press/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/20143118/logo.png 386w, https://dhjhkxawhe8q4.cloudfront.net/mit-press/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/20143118/logo-190x300.png 190w, https://dhjhkxawhe8q4.cloudfront.net/mit-press/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/20143118/logo-309x488.png 309w, https://dhjhkxawhe8q4.cloudfront.net/mit-press/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/20143118/logo-127x200.png 127w" sizes="(max-width: 386px) 100vw, 386px" /></a> </div> <div class="newsletter-link"> <a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/newsletter/" title="Newsletter" target="_blank"> Newsletter </a> </div> <div class="site-header__mobile-links"> <div class="search-trigger" id="search-trigger-mobile" tabindex="0"> <span><img src="https://mitpress.mit.edu/wp-content/themes/mit-press/img/search.svg"></span> </div> <div class="menu-trigger hamburger js-hamburger hamburger--spin js-menu-switch" tabindex="0"> <div class="hamburger-box"> <div class="hamburger-inner"></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="header-site-search js-header-site-search"> <aside class="widget widget_supapress_search"> <div class="site-container"> <div class="search-form__inner"> <form role="search" method="get" class="search-form" action="https://mitpress.mit.edu/search-result-list/"> <input class="search-field" placeholder="Search" id="search-input" value="" name="keyword" title="Search:" type="search" autocomplete="keyword"/> <label class="search-form__submit"> <span class="search-form__submit__icon"> <img src=""> </span> <input class="search-submit screen-reader-text" value="Search" type="submit"> </label> </form> <button id="search-close" tabindex="-">+</button> </div> </div> </aside> <div class="predictive-container js-predictive-container" style="display:none"> <div class="site-container"> <div class="predictive-list"> <h3>Books</h3> <ul class="js-predictive-list predictive-list__inner" data-type="Products"></ul> </div> <div class="predictive-list"> <h3>Authors</h3> <ul class="js-predictive-list predictive-list__inner" data-type="Contributors"></ul> </div> <div class="predictive-list"> <h3>On the site</h3> <ul class="js-predictive-list predictive-list__inner" data-type="Content"></ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div id="content" class="site-content"> <main id="main" class="site-full-width"> <div class="supapress" data-widget-params="{"series_data":"1","include_price":1}" data-ajax-url="https://mitpress.mit.edu/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php"><div id="product-details-32" class="product-details"> <div class="book-wrapper"> <div class="book-wrapper__top-section"> <div class="book-wrapper__top-section--breadcrumbs-social site-container"> <ul class='book-wrapper__breadcrumbs'> <li> <a href='/' title='Back to homepage'>Home</a> </li> <li> <a href='https://mitpress.mit.edu/search-result-list/?series=strungmann-forum-reports' title='View results for Str眉ngmann Forum Reports'> Str眉ngmann Forum Reports </a> </li> <li> <a href='https://mitpress.mit.edu/search-result-list/?category=SOC' title='View results for social science' >social science</a> </li> <li>Digital Ethology</li> </ul> <div class="add-this__social-links book-wrapper__social-links"> <div class="sharethis-inline-share-buttons"></div> <style> div#st-1 { display: flex; } .st-btn.st-remove-label { display: block !important; } .add-this__social-links.book-wrapper__social-links img { box-shadow: none !important; } </style> </div> </div> <div class="book-wrapper__top-section--container site-container"> <div class="book-wrapper__top-section--image"> <picture class='sp__the-cover' > <source media='(min-width: 720px)' data-srcset='https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262548137.jpg?auto=format&w=298&dpr=1&q=80 1x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262548137.jpg?auto=format&w=298&dpr=2&q=80 2x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262548137.jpg?auto=format&w=298&dpr=3&q=80 3x, ' /> <source media='(min-width: 480px)' data-srcset='https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262548137.jpg?auto=format&w=260&dpr=1&q=80 1x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262548137.jpg?auto=format&w=260&dpr=2&q=80 2x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262548137.jpg?auto=format&w=260&dpr=3&q=80 3x, ' /> <source media='(min-width: 300px)' data-srcset='https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262548137.jpg?auto=format&w=198&dpr=1&q=80 1x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262548137.jpg?auto=format&w=198&dpr=2&q=80 2x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262548137.jpg?auto=format&w=198&dpr=3&q=80 3x, ' /> <img decoding="async" src="https://mitpress.mit.edu/wp-content/themes/university_press_theme/img/lazy-load-image.jpg" data-src="https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262548137.jpg?auto=format&w=145" alt='Digital Ethology' data-baseline-images='image' title='Digital Ethology' class="lazyload" tabindex="0" /> </picture> </div> <div class="book-wrapper__top-section--details"> <div class="book-wrapper__info"> <h3><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/series/strungmann-forum-reports/" title="Str眉ngmann Forum Reports">Str眉ngmann Forum Reports</a></h3> <h1>Digital Ethology <span><img decoding="async" src="https://mitpress.mit.edu/wp-content/themes/mit-press/img/lock.svg"></span> </h1> <h2>Human Behavior in Geospatial Context</h2><p class='sp__the-author'>Edited by <a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/author/tomas-paus-35841" class="sp__author-link">Tom谩拧 Paus</a> and <a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/author/hye-chung-kum-41330" class="sp__author-link">Hye-Chung Kum</a></p> <div id="formats-accordion" class="formats-accordion"> <h3>Paperback</h3> <div class="etextbook-content"> <div class="etextbook-content__left"> <h5>$70.00</h5> </div> <div class="etextbook-content__right"> <p>Paperback</p> <p>ISBN: 9780262548137</p> <p>Pub date: July 9, 2024</p> <p>Publisher: The MIT Press</p> <p class='sp__details'><span class="sp__the-pages">290 pp.</span>, <span class="sp__the-trim-size">6 x 9 in</span>, 24 color illus., 4 b&w illus., 1 halftone</p> </div> <div class="etextbook-content__full"> <div class="retailer-btn-container"> <a href="https://mitpressbookstore.mit.edu/book/9780262548137" class="retailer-btn">MIT Press Bookstore</a><a href="https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/search/site/?q=9780262548137" class="retailer-btn">Penguin Random House</a><a href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/0262548135/" class="retailer-btn">Amazon</a><a href="https://www.barnesandnoble.com/s/9780262548137/" class="retailer-btn">Barnes and Noble</a><a href="https://bookshop.org/a/2238/9780262548137" class="retailer-btn">Bookshop.org</a><a href="https://www.indiebound.org/book/9780262548137" class="retailer-btn">Indiebound</a><a href="https://www.chapters.indigo.ca/books/search?keywords=9780262548137&pageSize=10" class="retailer-btn">Indigo</a><a href="http://www.booksamillion.com/search?query=9780262548137&where=All" class="retailer-btn">Books a Million</a> </div> </div> </div> <h3>eBook</h3> <div class="etextbook-content"> <div class="etextbook-content__left"> </div> <div class="etextbook-content__right"> <p>eBook</p> <p>ISBN: 9780262378857</p> <p>Pub date: July 9, 2024</p> <p>Publisher: The MIT Press</p> <p class='sp__details'><span class="sp__the-pages">290 pp.</span>, <span class="sp__the-trim-size">6 x 9 in</span>, 24 color illus., 4 b&w illus., 1 halftone</p> </div> <div class="etextbook-content__full"> <div class="retailer-btn-container"> <a href="https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/search/site/?q=9780262378857" class="retailer-btn">Penguin Random House</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="book-wrapper__buy-section"> <p class='sp__details'><span class="sp__the-pages">290 pp.</span>, <span class="sp__the-trim-size">6 x 9 in</span>, 24 color illus., 4 b&w illus., 1 halftone</p> <div class='sp__buy-format'> <ul> <li class='sp__format'>Paperback</li> <li class='sp__isbn13'>9780262548137</li> <li class='sp__published'>Published: July 2024</li> <li>Publisher: The MIT Press</li> </ul> <p class='sp__price'>$70.00</p> </div> <div class='sp__buy-format'> <ul> <li class='sp__format'>eBook</li> <li class='sp__isbn13'>9780262378857</li> <li class='sp__published'>Published: July 2024</li> <li>Publisher: The MIT Press</li> </ul> </div> <div class="sp__other-retailers sorted"> <ul> <li><a class="retail-link site-cta-button" title="MIT Press Bookstore" href="https://mitpressbookstore.mit.edu/book/9780262548137" target="_blank">MIT Press Bookstore</a> </li> <li><a class="retail-link site-cta-button" title="Penguin Random House" href="https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/search/site/?q=9780262548137" target="_blank">Penguin Random House</a> </li> <li><a class="retail-link site-cta-button" title="Amazon" href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/0262548135/" target="_blank">Amazon</a> </li> <li><a class="retail-link site-cta-button" title="Barnes and Noble" href="https://www.barnesandnoble.com/s/9780262548137/" target="_blank">Barnes and Noble</a> </li> <li><a class="retail-link site-cta-button" title="Bookshop.org" href="https://bookshop.org/a/2238/9780262548137" target="_blank">Bookshop.org</a> </li> <li><a class="retail-link site-cta-button" title="Indiebound" href="https://www.indiebound.org/book/9780262548137" target="_blank">Indiebound</a> </li> <li><a class="retail-link site-cta-button" title="Indigo" href="https://www.chapters.indigo.ca/books/search?keywords=9780262548137&pageSize=10" target="_blank">Indigo</a> </li> <li><a class="retail-link site-cta-button" title="Books a Million" href="http://www.booksamillion.com/search?query=9780262548137&where=All" target="_blank">Books a Million</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="sp__other-retailers"> <p>Other Retailers:</p> <ul> <li><a class="retail-link site-cta-button" title="Amazon.co.uk" href="https://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/0262548135/" target="_blank">Amazon.co.uk</a> </li> <li><a class="retail-link site-cta-button" title="Blackwells" href="https://blackwells.co.uk/bookshop/product/9780262548137" target="_blank">Blackwells</a> </li> <li><a class="retail-link site-cta-button" title="Bookshop.org" href="https://uk.bookshop.org/a/2238/9780262548137" target="_blank">Bookshop.org</a> </li> <li><a class="retail-link site-cta-button" title="Foyles" href="https://www.foyles.co.uk/search?term=9780262548137" target="_blank">Foyles</a> </li> <li><a class="retail-link site-cta-button" title="Hive" href="https://www.hive.co.uk/Search/Keyword?keyword=9780262548137&productType=0" target="_blank">Hive</a> </li> <li><a class="retail-link site-cta-button" title="Waterstones" href="https://www.waterstones.com/books/search/term/9780262548137" target="_blank">Waterstones</a> </li> <li><a class="retail-link site-cta-button" title="MIT Press Bookstore" href="https://mitpressbookstore.mit.edu/book/9780262548137" target="_blank">MIT Press Bookstore</a> </li> <li><a class="retail-link site-cta-button" title="Penguin Random House" href="https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/search/site/?q=9780262548137" target="_blank">Penguin Random House</a> </li> <li><a class="retail-link site-cta-button" title="Amazon" href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/0262548135/" target="_blank">Amazon</a> </li> <li><a class="retail-link site-cta-button" title="Barnes and Noble" href="https://www.barnesandnoble.com/s/9780262548137/" target="_blank">Barnes and Noble</a> </li> <li><a class="retail-link site-cta-button" title="Bookshop.org" href="https://bookshop.org/a/2238/9780262548137" target="_blank">Bookshop.org</a> </li> <li><a class="retail-link site-cta-button" title="Indiebound" href="https://www.indiebound.org/book/9780262548137" target="_blank">Indiebound</a> </li> <li><a class="retail-link site-cta-button" title="Indigo" href="https://www.chapters.indigo.ca/books/search?keywords=9780262548137&pageSize=10" target="_blank">Indigo</a> </li> <li><a class="retail-link site-cta-button" title="Books a Million" href="http://www.booksamillion.com/search?query=9780262548137&where=All" target="_blank">Books a Million</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="book-wrapper__btn-tabs site-container"> <div class="book-wrapper__information site-container js-responsive-tabs"> <ul class="tabs"> <li class="tabs__item tabs__item--description"> <a class="tabs__link" href="#tab-1"> Description </a> </li> <li class="tabs__item tabs__item--authors"> <a class="tabs__link" href="#tab-3">Author(s)</a> </li> <li class="tabs__item tabs__item--oa"> <a class="tabs__link" href="#tab-9">Open Access</a> </li> </ul> <div id="tab-1" class="tabs__panel tabs__panel--description" style="display: none"> <div class="tabs__content"> <p class="book-summary">An edited collection that looks deeply at how humans transform their environments and how these environments, in turn, shape humans.</p><p>Countless permutations of physical, built, and social environments surround us in space and time, influencing the air we breathe, how hot or cold we are, how many steps we take, and with whom we interact as we go about our daily lives. Assessing the dynamic processes that play out between humans and the environment is challenging. <em>Digital Ethology</em>, edited by Tom谩š Paus and Hye-Chung Kum, explores how aggregate area-level data, produced at multiple locations and points in time, can reveal bidirectional鈥攁nd iterative鈥攔elationships between human behavior and the environment through their digital footprints.<br><br>Experts from geospatial and data science, behavioral and brain science, epidemiology and public health, ethics, law, and urban planning consider how humans transform their environments and how environments shape human behavior.<br><br><br><strong>Contributors <br></strong>Jos茅 Balsa-Barreiro, Kim A. Bard, Steven Bedrick, Michael Brauer, Thomas Brinkhoff, Nitesh V. Chawla, Tamas D谩vid-Barrett, Megan Doerr, Guillaume Dumas, Peter Ejbye-Ernst, Sophia Frangou, Camilla Bank Friis, Jason Gilliland, Kimmo Kaski, Heidi Keller, Fabio Kon, Hye-Chung Kum, Lasse Suonper盲 Liebst, Marie Rosenkrantz Lindegaard, Gina S. Lovasi, Daniel P. Lupp, Claudia Bauzer Medeiros, Maria Melchior, M贸nica Menendez, Virginia Pallante, Tom谩š Paus, Beate Ritz, Sven Sandin, Abeed Sarker, Cason D. Schmit, Lindsey Smith, Kimberly M. Thompson, Henning Tiemeier, Michele C. Weigle</p> </div> </div> <div id="tab-3" class="tabs__panel tabs__panel--authors" style="display: none"> <div class="tabs__content"> <p><p>Tom谩š Paus is Professor in the Departments of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, and Scientist at the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada.<br><br>Hye-Chung Kum is Professor in the Department of Health Policy and Management with joint appointments in the Departments of Computer Science & Engineering and Industrial Systems & Engineering at Texas A&M University, where she is the founding director of the Population Informatics Lab.</p></p> </div> </div> <div class="tab-wrapper"> <div id="tab-9" class="tabs__panel tabs__panel--oa" style="display: none"> <div class="tabs__content"> <h5>General info</h5> <span class="funder-info">The open access edition of this book was made possible by generous funding and support from MIT Press Direct to Open</span> <p class="support-link"> <a href="https://giving.mit.edu/explore/campus-student-life/mit-press" title="Donate to support open access publishing at the MIT Press" target="_blank">Donate to support open access publishing at the MIT Press</a> </p> <div class="license-info-container"> <h5>License info</h5> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" target="_blank" class="license-info-link">CC BY-NC-ND</a> </div> <h5 class="oa-link-heading">OA links and downloads</h5> <p class="oa__link"> <a href="https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/15532.001.0001" title="MIT Press Direct Open Access edition" target="_blank" class="open-access-link-container" alt="MIT Press Direct Open Access edition"> MIT Press Direct Open Access edition <svg version="1.0" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="18px" height="18px" class="open-new-page-icon" viewBox="0 0 657.000000 611.000000" preserveAspectRatio="xMidYMid meet" alt="Open New Window" title="Open New Window"> <g transform="translate(0.000000,611.000000) scale(0.100000,-0.100000)" fill="#000000" stroke="none"> <path d="M3077 6023 c-4 -3 -7 -900 -7 -1992 l0 -1986 -308 308 -307 307 -150 -150 -150 -150 568 -568 567 -567 565 565 c311 311 565 567 565 570 0 3 -65 73 -144 155 l-144 150 -316 -315 -316 -315 0 1998 0 1997 -208 0 c-115 0 -212 -3 -215 -7z"/> <path d="M80 2260 l0 -2190 3205 0 3205 0 0 2190 0 2190 -1055 0 -1055 0 0 -215 0 -215 845 0 845 0 0 -1760 0 -1760 -2785 0 -2785 0 0 1760 0 1760 850 0 850 0 0 215 0 215 -1060 0 -1060 0 0 -2190z"/> </g> </svg> </a> </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="js-related-books book-wrapper__related-books related-books site-container"> <h2>Related Books</h2> <div class="related-books__container"> <div class="related-books__book"> <div class="related-books__book--cover"> <a href='/9780262550758/fragilities' title='Fragilities' tabindex="-1"> <picture class='sp__the-cover' > <source media='(min-width: 480px)' data-srcset='https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262550758.jpg?auto=format&w=298&dpr=1&q=80 1x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262550758.jpg?auto=format&w=298&dpr=2&q=80 2x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262550758.jpg?auto=format&w=298&dpr=3&q=80 3x, ' /> <source media='(min-width: 300px)' data-srcset='https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262550758.jpg?auto=format&w=220&dpr=1&q=80 1x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262550758.jpg?auto=format&w=220&dpr=2&q=80 2x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262550758.jpg?auto=format&w=220&dpr=3&q=80 3x, ' /> <img decoding="async" src="https://mitpress.mit.edu/wp-content/themes/university_press_theme/img/lazy-load-image.jpg" data-src="https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262550758.jpg?auto=format&w=145" alt='Fragilities' data-baseline-images='image' title='Fragilities' class="lazyload" tabindex="0" /> </picture> </a> </div> </div> <div class="related-books__book"> <div class="related-books__book--cover"> <a href='/9780262551861/trans-technologies' title='Trans Technologies' tabindex="-1"> <picture class='sp__the-cover' > <source media='(min-width: 480px)' data-srcset='https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262551861.jpg?auto=format&w=298&dpr=1&q=80 1x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262551861.jpg?auto=format&w=298&dpr=2&q=80 2x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262551861.jpg?auto=format&w=298&dpr=3&q=80 3x, ' /> <source media='(min-width: 300px)' data-srcset='https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262551861.jpg?auto=format&w=220&dpr=1&q=80 1x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262551861.jpg?auto=format&w=220&dpr=2&q=80 2x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262551861.jpg?auto=format&w=220&dpr=3&q=80 3x, ' /> <img decoding="async" src="https://mitpress.mit.edu/wp-content/themes/university_press_theme/img/lazy-load-image.jpg" data-src="https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262551861.jpg?auto=format&w=145" alt='Trans Technologies' data-baseline-images='image' title='Trans Technologies' class="lazyload" tabindex="0" /> </picture> </a> </div> </div> <div class="related-books__book"> <div class="related-books__book--cover"> <a href='/9780262552226/unboxing-japanese-videogames' title='Unboxing Japanese Videogames' tabindex="-1"> <picture class='sp__the-cover' > <source media='(min-width: 480px)' data-srcset='https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262552226.jpg?auto=format&w=298&dpr=1&q=80 1x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262552226.jpg?auto=format&w=298&dpr=2&q=80 2x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262552226.jpg?auto=format&w=298&dpr=3&q=80 3x, ' /> <source media='(min-width: 300px)' data-srcset='https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262552226.jpg?auto=format&w=220&dpr=1&q=80 1x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262552226.jpg?auto=format&w=220&dpr=2&q=80 2x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262552226.jpg?auto=format&w=220&dpr=3&q=80 3x, ' /> <img decoding="async" src="https://mitpress.mit.edu/wp-content/themes/university_press_theme/img/lazy-load-image.jpg" data-src="https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262552226.jpg?auto=format&w=145" alt='Unboxing Japanese Videogames' data-baseline-images='image' title='Unboxing Japanese Videogames' class="lazyload" tabindex="0" /> </picture> </a> </div> </div> <div class="related-books__book"> <div class="related-books__book--cover"> <a href='/9780262552172/triangles-and-tribulations' title='Triangles and Tribulations' tabindex="-1"> <picture class='sp__the-cover' > <source media='(min-width: 480px)' data-srcset='https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262552172.jpg?auto=format&w=298&dpr=1&q=80 1x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262552172.jpg?auto=format&w=298&dpr=2&q=80 2x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262552172.jpg?auto=format&w=298&dpr=3&q=80 3x, ' /> <source media='(min-width: 300px)' data-srcset='https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262552172.jpg?auto=format&w=220&dpr=1&q=80 1x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262552172.jpg?auto=format&w=220&dpr=2&q=80 2x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262552172.jpg?auto=format&w=220&dpr=3&q=80 3x, ' /> <img decoding="async" src="https://mitpress.mit.edu/wp-content/themes/university_press_theme/img/lazy-load-image.jpg" data-src="https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262552172.jpg?auto=format&w=145" alt='Triangles and Tribulations' data-baseline-images='image' title='Triangles and Tribulations' class="lazyload" tabindex="0" /> </picture> </a> </div> </div> <div class="related-books__book"> <div class="related-books__book--cover"> <a href='/9780262542128/humane-infrastructures' title='Humane Infrastructures' tabindex="-1"> <picture class='sp__the-cover' > <source media='(min-width: 480px)' data-srcset='https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262542128.jpg?auto=format&w=298&dpr=1&q=80 1x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262542128.jpg?auto=format&w=298&dpr=2&q=80 2x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262542128.jpg?auto=format&w=298&dpr=3&q=80 3x, ' /> <source media='(min-width: 300px)' data-srcset='https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262542128.jpg?auto=format&w=220&dpr=1&q=80 1x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262542128.jpg?auto=format&w=220&dpr=2&q=80 2x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262542128.jpg?auto=format&w=220&dpr=3&q=80 3x, ' /> <img decoding="async" src="https://mitpress.mit.edu/wp-content/themes/university_press_theme/img/lazy-load-image.jpg" data-src="https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262542128.jpg?auto=format&w=145" alt='Humane Infrastructures' data-baseline-images='image' title='Humane Infrastructures' class="lazyload" tabindex="0" /> </picture> </a> </div> </div> <div class="related-books__book"> <div class="related-books__book--cover"> <a href='/9780262550987/technologys-child' title='Technology&#146s Child' tabindex="-1"> <picture class='sp__the-cover' > <source media='(min-width: 480px)' data-srcset='https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262550987.jpg?auto=format&w=298&dpr=1&q=80 1x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262550987.jpg?auto=format&w=298&dpr=2&q=80 2x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262550987.jpg?auto=format&w=298&dpr=3&q=80 3x, ' /> <source media='(min-width: 300px)' data-srcset='https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262550987.jpg?auto=format&w=220&dpr=1&q=80 1x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262550987.jpg?auto=format&w=220&dpr=2&q=80 2x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262550987.jpg?auto=format&w=220&dpr=3&q=80 3x, ' /> <img decoding="async" src="https://mitpress.mit.edu/wp-content/themes/university_press_theme/img/lazy-load-image.jpg" data-src="https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262550987.jpg?auto=format&w=145" alt='Technology&#146s Child' data-baseline-images='image' title='Technology&#146s Child' class="lazyload" tabindex="0" /> </picture> </a> </div> </div> <div class="related-books__book"> <div class="related-books__book--cover"> <a href='/9780262549448/pioneering-progress' title='Pioneering Progress' tabindex="-1"> <picture class='sp__the-cover' > <source media='(min-width: 480px)' data-srcset='https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262549448.jpg?auto=format&w=298&dpr=1&q=80 1x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262549448.jpg?auto=format&w=298&dpr=2&q=80 2x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262549448.jpg?auto=format&w=298&dpr=3&q=80 3x, ' /> <source media='(min-width: 300px)' data-srcset='https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262549448.jpg?auto=format&w=220&dpr=1&q=80 1x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262549448.jpg?auto=format&w=220&dpr=2&q=80 2x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262549448.jpg?auto=format&w=220&dpr=3&q=80 3x, ' /> <img decoding="async" src="https://mitpress.mit.edu/wp-content/themes/university_press_theme/img/lazy-load-image.jpg" data-src="https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262549448.jpg?auto=format&w=145" alt='Pioneering Progress' data-baseline-images='image' title='Pioneering Progress' class="lazyload" tabindex="0" /> </picture> </a> </div> </div> <div class="related-books__book"> <div class="related-books__book--cover"> <a href='/9798985423518/post-europe' title='Post-Europe' tabindex="-1"> <picture class='sp__the-cover' > <source media='(min-width: 480px)' data-srcset='https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9798985423518.jpg?auto=format&w=298&dpr=1&q=80 1x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9798985423518.jpg?auto=format&w=298&dpr=2&q=80 2x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9798985423518.jpg?auto=format&w=298&dpr=3&q=80 3x, ' /> <source media='(min-width: 300px)' data-srcset='https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9798985423518.jpg?auto=format&w=220&dpr=1&q=80 1x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9798985423518.jpg?auto=format&w=220&dpr=2&q=80 2x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9798985423518.jpg?auto=format&w=220&dpr=3&q=80 3x, ' /> <img decoding="async" src="https://mitpress.mit.edu/wp-content/themes/university_press_theme/img/lazy-load-image.jpg" data-src="https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9798985423518.jpg?auto=format&w=145" alt='Post-Europe' data-baseline-images='image' title='Post-Europe' class="lazyload" tabindex="0" /> </picture> </a> </div> </div> <div class="related-books__book"> <div class="related-books__book--cover"> <a href='/9780262548250/wearable-utopias' title='Wearable Utopias' tabindex="-1"> <picture class='sp__the-cover' > <source media='(min-width: 480px)' data-srcset='https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262548250.jpg?auto=format&w=298&dpr=1&q=80 1x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262548250.jpg?auto=format&w=298&dpr=2&q=80 2x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262548250.jpg?auto=format&w=298&dpr=3&q=80 3x, ' /> <source media='(min-width: 300px)' data-srcset='https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262548250.jpg?auto=format&w=220&dpr=1&q=80 1x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262548250.jpg?auto=format&w=220&dpr=2&q=80 2x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262548250.jpg?auto=format&w=220&dpr=3&q=80 3x, ' /> <img decoding="async" src="https://mitpress.mit.edu/wp-content/themes/university_press_theme/img/lazy-load-image.jpg" data-src="https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262548250.jpg?auto=format&w=145" alt='Wearable Utopias' data-baseline-images='image' title='Wearable Utopias' class="lazyload" tabindex="0" /> </picture> </a> </div> </div> <div class="related-books__book"> <div class="related-books__book--cover"> <a href='/9780262549455/politics-recoded' title='Politics Recoded' tabindex="-1"> <picture class='sp__the-cover' > <source media='(min-width: 480px)' data-srcset='https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262549455.jpg?auto=format&w=298&dpr=1&q=80 1x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262549455.jpg?auto=format&w=298&dpr=2&q=80 2x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262549455.jpg?auto=format&w=298&dpr=3&q=80 3x, ' /> <source media='(min-width: 300px)' data-srcset='https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262549455.jpg?auto=format&w=220&dpr=1&q=80 1x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262549455.jpg?auto=format&w=220&dpr=2&q=80 2x, https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262549455.jpg?auto=format&w=220&dpr=3&q=80 3x, ' /> <img decoding="async" src="https://mitpress.mit.edu/wp-content/themes/university_press_theme/img/lazy-load-image.jpg" data-src="https://mit-press-new-us.imgix.net/covers/9780262549455.jpg?auto=format&w=145" alt='Politics Recoded' data-baseline-images='image' title='Politics Recoded' class="lazyload" tabindex="0" /> </picture> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div></div> </main> </div> <footer id="colophon" class="site-footer" role="contentinfo"> <div class="site-container"> <div class="site-footer__top"> <div class="site-footer__logos"> <div class="site-footer__logo"> <img src="https://dhjhkxawhe8q4.cloudfront.net/mit-press/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/20143118/logo.png" alt="logo"/> </div> </div> <div class="site-footer__links"> <div class="site-footer__nav"> <nav class="footer-navigation" role="navigation" aria-label="footer menu"> <div class="menu-footer-menu-container"><ul id="footer-menu" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-126" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-126"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Column 1</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-3507" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3507"><a href="/search-result-list/?keyword=">Books</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3508" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3508"><a target="_blank" href="http://www.mitpressjournals.org/">Journals</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3509" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3509"><a target="_blank" href="https://thereader.mitpress.mit.edu/">The MIT Press Reader</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3510" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3510"><a target="_blank" href="https://mitpress.podbean.com/">Podcasts</a></li> <li id="menu-item-128" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-128"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/books/imprints/">Imprints</a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-129" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-129"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Column 2</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-3511" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-3511"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/about/" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">The MIT Press</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-9746" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9746"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/about/">About</a></li> <li id="menu-item-9545" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-9545"><a target="_blank" href="http://mitpressbookstore.mit.edu/">Bookstore</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3558" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3558"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/catalogs/">Catalogs</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3520" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3520"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/conferences/">Conferences</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3521" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3521"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/mit-press-editorial-board/">Press Editorial Board</a></li> <li id="menu-item-9590" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9590"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/jobs/">Jobs</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3522" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3522"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/internships-paid-internships-books-journals/">Internships</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3526" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3526"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/mit-press-management-board/">Press Management Board</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3534" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3534"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/?page_id=105">News</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3528" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3528"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/staff/">Staff</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3529" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3529"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/code-of-conduct/">Code of Conduct</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-132" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-132"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Column 3</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-3512" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-has-children menu-item-3512"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/faq/" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Site Help</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-21667" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-21667"><a target="_blank" href="https://accessibility.mit.edu/">Accessibility at MIT</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3532" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3532"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/faq/">FAQ</a></li> <li id="menu-item-9560" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9560"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/accessibility/">MIT Press Accessibility</a></li> <li id="menu-item-10499" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-10499"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/our-ebooks/">Our eBooks</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3533" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-privacy-policy menu-item-3533"><a rel="privacy-policy" href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/privacy/">Privacy Policy</a></li> <li id="menu-item-10746" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-10746"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/terms-use/">Terms of Use</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-3514" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-3514"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Column 4</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-3513" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-3513"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Resources</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-3538" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3538"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/for-authors/">Current Authors</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3540" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-3540"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/prospective-authors/">Prospective Authors</a></li> <li id="menu-item-9750" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9750"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/booksellers/">Booksellers</a></li> <li id="menu-item-9968" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9968"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/instructors/">Instructors</a></li> <li id="menu-item-11042" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-11042"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/rights-permissions/">Rights and Permissions</a></li> <li id="menu-item-9759" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9759"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/media-inquiries/">Media Inquiries</a></li> <li id="menu-item-9758" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9758"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/mit-discounts/">MIT Discounts</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-3515" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-3515"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Column 5</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-3516" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-3516"><a href="#" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false">Digital</a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-3546" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3546"><a target="_blank" href="https://direct.mit.edu/pages/cognet">CogNet</a></li> <li id="menu-item-9757" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-9757"><a href="https://mitpress.mit.edu/digital-partners-and-products/">Digital Partners and Products</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3548" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3548"><a target="_blank" href="https://kfg.mit.edu/">Knowledge Futures Group</a></li> <li id="menu-item-3549" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3549"><a target="_blank" href="https://direct.mit.edu/">MIT Press Direct</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul></div> </nav> </div> <div class="site-footer__copyright"> <nav class="legal-navigation" role="navigation" aria-label="legal navigation"> <div class="menu-legal-navigation-container"><ul id="legal-menu" class="menu"><li id="menu-item-3436" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3436"><a href="#">Global</a><p class="menu-item-description">255 Main Street </br> 9th Floor Cambridge, MA 02142 </p></li> <li id="menu-item-3438" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-3438"><a href="/contact-us/">Contact</a></li> </ul></div> </nav> <div class='site-branding__social site-footer__social'><p>Connect</p><span class='site-branding__social__icon'><a href='https://bsky.app/profile/mitpress.bsky.social' target='_blank' title='Follow us on Bluesky' class='bluesky'><span class='icon-bluesky'></span></a></span><span class='site-branding__social__icon'><a href='https://www.facebook.com/login/?next=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2Fmitpress' target='_blank' title='Follow us on Facebook' class='facebook'><span class='icon-facebook'></span></a></span><span class='site-branding__social__icon'><a href='https://www.instagram.com/mitpress' target='_blank' title='Follow us on Instagram' class='instagram'><span class='icon-instagram'></span></a></span><span class='site-branding__social__icon'><a href='https://www.linkedin.com/authwall?trk=ripf&trkInfo=AQF0b-btlYQe5wAAAX1dJr6A1Cn2cXCPya4ruKG7omS4Hz-Re70ocg4b_o0Z_-8YLsB8uAw2KjgobnWbr0G9uZD6PjEfCPL7K5XB0a6Jci-stw5Q3dFxMPGODx3OQh9OV1g1d7s=&originalReferer=https://mitpress.mit.edu/&sessionRedirect=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.linkedin.com%2Fcompany%2F11587565%2F' target='_blank' title='Follow us on LinkedIn' class='linkedin'><span class='icon-linkedin'></span></a></span><span class='site-branding__social__icon'><a href='https://twitter.com/mitpress' target='_blank' title='Follow us on X (formerly Twitter)' class='twitter'><span class='icon-twitter'></span></a></span><span class='site-branding__social__icon'><a href='https://youtube.com/c/TheMITPress' target='_blank' title='Follow us on YouTube' class='youtube'><span class='icon-youtube'></span></a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> <p class="site-footer__copy-right"> 漏 2025 MIT Press. All Rights Reserved. </p> <p class="site-footer__credit-link">Powered by <a href="http://www.supadu.com" target="_blank">Supadu</a></p> </div> </footer> </div> <script> ( function ( body ) { 'use strict'; body.className = body.className.replace( /\btribe-no-js\b/, 'tribe-js' ); } )( document.body ); </script>  <script type="text/javascript"> var sbiajaxurl = "https://mitpress.mit.edu/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php"; </script> <script> /* <![CDATA[ */var tribe_l10n_datatables = {"aria":{"sort_ascending":": activate to sort column ascending","sort_descending":": activate to sort column descending"},"length_menu":"Show _MENU_ entries","empty_table":"No data available in table","info":"Showing _START_ to _END_ of _TOTAL_ entries","info_empty":"Showing 0 to 0 of 0 entries","info_filtered":"(filtered from _MAX_ total entries)","zero_records":"No matching records found","search":"Search:","all_selected_text":"All items on this page were selected. ","select_all_link":"Select all pages","clear_selection":"Clear Selection.","pagination":{"all":"All","next":"Next","previous":"Previous"},"select":{"rows":{"0":"","_":": Selected %d rows","1":": Selected 1 row"}},"datepicker":{"dayNames":["Sunday","Monday","Tuesday","Wednesday","Thursday","Friday","Saturday"],"dayNamesShort":["Sun","Mon","Tue","Wed","Thu","Fri","Sat"],"dayNamesMin":["S","M","T","W","T","F","S"],"monthNames":["January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"monthNamesShort":["January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"monthNamesMin":["Jan","Feb","Mar","Apr","May","Jun","Jul","Aug","Sep","Oct","Nov","Dec"],"nextText":"Next","prevText":"Prev","currentText":"Today","closeText":"Done","today":"Today","clear":"Clear"}};/* ]]> */ </script><script type="text/javascript" src="https://mitpress.mit.edu/wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/core.min.js?ver=1.13.3" id="jquery-ui-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://mitpress.mit.edu/wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/accordion.min.js?ver=1.13.3" id="jquery-ui-accordion-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="university-press-theme-script-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var universityPressThemeSettings = {"wordpressAjaxUrl":"https:\/\/mitpress.mit.edu\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","site_url":"https:\/\/mitpress.mit.edu","default_search_page_id":"113","default_search_page_slug":"https:\/\/mitpress.mit.edu\/search-result-list\/","predictive_book_url_pattern":"\/%isbn13%\/%title%","predictive_books_no_results":"No results found","predictive_books_header":"Books","predictive_author_header":"Authors","predictive_content_header":"On the site","predictive_enable_journals":"","predictive_journals_header":"Journals","predictive_results_amount":"3","predictive_cta_copy":"View all results","search_mobile_open_text":"OPEN +","search_mobile_close_text":"CLOSE -","fixed_header_breakpoint":"950","show_google_preview_label":"Preview This Book"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://mitpress.mit.edu/wp-content/themes/university_press_theme/js/all.min.js?ver=1.38.2" id="university-press-theme-script-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://mitpress.mit.edu/wp-content/plugins/google-site-kit/dist/assets/js/googlesitekit-consent-mode-3d6495dceaebc28bcca3.js" id="googlesitekit-consent-mode-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://mitpress.mit.edu/wp-content/plugins/supapress/includes/js/scripts.min.js?ver=2.25.2" id="supapress-js"></script> </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

Digital Ethology