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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Targets_within_the_Solar_System" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Targets_within_the_Solar_System"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Targets within the Solar System</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Targets_within_the_Solar_System-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Targets_outside_the_Solar_System" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Targets_outside_the_Solar_System"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Targets outside the Solar System</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Targets_outside_the_Solar_System-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spacecraft" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spacecraft"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Spacecraft</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spacecraft-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Telescope" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Telescope"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Telescope</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Telescope-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mission" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mission"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Mission</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Mission-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Mission subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Mission-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Congressional_hearing_-_November_2007" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Congressional_hearing_-_November_2007"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Congressional hearing - November 2007</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Congressional_hearing_-_November_2007-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Results" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Results"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Results</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Results-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Project_milestones" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Project_milestones"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Project milestones</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Project_milestones-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Launch" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Launch"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Launch</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Launch-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-"Cold"_mission" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#"Cold"_mission"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>"Cold" mission</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-"Cold"_mission-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-NEOWISE_(pre-hibernation)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#NEOWISE_(pre-hibernation)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>NEOWISE (pre-hibernation)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-NEOWISE_(pre-hibernation)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hibernation_and_recommissioning" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hibernation_and_recommissioning"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>Hibernation and recommissioning</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hibernation_and_recommissioning-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-NEOWISE_(post-hibernation)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#NEOWISE_(post-hibernation)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.5</span> <span>NEOWISE (post-hibernation)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-NEOWISE_(post-hibernation)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-End_of_mission" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#End_of_mission"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.6</span> <span>End of mission</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-End_of_mission-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Data_releases" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Data_releases"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Data releases</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Data_releases-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Data releases subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Data_releases-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-unWISE_and_CatWISE" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#unWISE_and_CatWISE"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>unWISE and CatWISE</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-unWISE_and_CatWISE-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Discovered_objects" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Discovered_objects"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Discovered objects</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Discovered_objects-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Discovered objects subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Discovered_objects-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Nearby_stars" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nearby_stars"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Nearby stars</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nearby_stars-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Brown_dwarfs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Brown_dwarfs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Brown dwarfs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Brown_dwarfs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Directly-imaged_exoplanets" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Directly-imaged_exoplanets"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Directly-imaged exoplanets</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Directly-imaged_exoplanets-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Disks_and_young_stars" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Disks_and_young_stars"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.4</span> <span>Disks and young stars</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Disks_and_young_stars-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nebulae" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nebulae"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.5</span> <span>Nebulae</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nebulae-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Extragalactic_discoveries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Extragalactic_discoveries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.6</span> <span>Extragalactic discoveries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Extragalactic_discoveries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Minor_planets" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Minor_planets"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.7</span> <span>Minor planets</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Minor_planets-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Comet_C/2020_F3_(NEOWISE)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Comet_C/2020_F3_(NEOWISE)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.8</span> <span>Comet C/2020 F3 (NEOWISE)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Comet_C/2020_F3_(NEOWISE)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Gallery subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Full_sky_views_by_WISE" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Full_sky_views_by_WISE"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Full sky views by WISE</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Full_sky_views_by_WISE-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Selected_images_by_WISE" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Selected_images_by_WISE"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Selected images by WISE</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Selected_images_by_WISE-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Map_with_nearby_WISE_stars" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Map_with_nearby_WISE_stars"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span>Map with nearby WISE stars</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Map_with_nearby_WISE_stars-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 35 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-35" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">35 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/WISE-teleskoop" title="WISE-teleskoop – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="WISE-teleskoop" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%83%D8%B4%D9%81_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B4%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B6_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%84" title="مستكشف الأشعة تحت الحمراء عريض المجال – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مستكشف الأشعة تحت الحمراء عريض المجال" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer" title="Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer" title="Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer" title="Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide-Field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer" title="Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/WISE" title="WISE – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="WISE" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer" title="Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B4%DA%AF%D8%B1_%D9%86%D9%82%D8%B4%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%AE_%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B9" title="کاوشگر نقشه‌بردار فروسرخ میدان وسیع – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کاوشگر نقشه‌بردار فروسرخ میدان وسیع" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer" title="Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B4%91%EC%97%AD%EC%A0%81%EC%99%B8%EC%84%A0%ED%83%90%EC%82%AC%EC%9C%84%EC%84%B1" title="광역적외선탐사위성 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="광역적외선탐사위성" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer" title="Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer" title="Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer" title="Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%9C%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A4_%D7%94%D7%97%D7%9C%D7%9C_WISE" title="טלסקופ החלל WISE – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="טלסקופ החלל WISE" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer" title="Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide-Field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer" title="Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer" title="Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/WISE" title="WISE – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="WISE" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%80%E0%B5%BD%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%87%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%87_%E0%B4%8E%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%BC" title="വൈഡ് ഫീൽഡ് ഇൻഫ്രാറെഡ് സർവ്വേ എക്സ്പ്ലോറർ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വൈഡ് ഫീൽഡ് ഇൻഫ്രാറെഡ് സർവ്വേ എക്സ്പ്ലോറർ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer" title="Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer" title="Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BA%83%E8%A6%96%E9%87%8E%E8%B5%A4%E5%A4%96%E7%B7%9A%E6%8E%A2%E6%9F%BB%E6%A9%9F" title="広視野赤外線探査機 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="広視野赤外線探査機" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer" title="Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer" title="Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer" title="Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide-Field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer" title="Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%A9%E0%B7%8A-%E0%B7%86%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A9%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%89%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%86%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%A9%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%9A_%E0%B6%91%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%9D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8A" title="වයිඩ්-ෆීල්ඩ් ඉන්ෆ්රාරෙඩ් සර්වේ එක්ස්ප්ලෝරර් – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="වයිඩ්-ෆීල්ඩ් ඉන්ෆ්රාරෙඩ් සර්වේ එක්ස්ප්ලෝරර්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer" title="Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer" title="Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer" title="Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/WISE_Teleskobu_-_Geni%C5%9F_Alan_K%C4%B1z%C4%B1l%C3%B6tesi_Ara%C5%9Ft%C4%B1rma_Gezgini" title="WISE Teleskobu - Geniş Alan Kızılötesi Araştırma Gezgini – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="WISE Teleskobu - Geniş Alan Kızılötesi Araştırma Gezgini" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/WISE" title="WISE – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="WISE" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%E1%BB%87_tinh_Th%C4%83m_d%C3%B2_Kh%E1%BA%A3o_s%C3%A1t_H%E1%BB%93ng_ngo%E1%BA%A1i_Ph%E1%BA%A1m_vi_r%E1%BB%99ng" title="Vệ tinh Thăm dò Khảo sát Hồng ngoại Phạm vi rộng – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Vệ tinh Thăm dò Khảo sát Hồng ngoại Phạm vi rộng" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BB%A3%E5%9F%9F%E7%B4%85%E5%A4%96%E7%B7%9A%E5%B7%A1%E5%A4%A9%E6%8E%A2%E6%B8%AC%E8%A1%9B%E6%98%9F" title="廣域紅外線巡天探測衛星 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="廣域紅外線巡天探測衛星" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q693552#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">NASA satellite of the Explorer program</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1089065853">.mw-parser-output .ib-spaceflight{width:25em}.mw-parser-output .ib-spaceflight .infobox-header{background:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .ib-edit-wd{float:right}</style><table class="infobox ib-spaceflight"><caption class="infobox-title">Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:WISE_artist_concept_(PIA17254,_crop).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/WISE_artist_concept_%28PIA17254%2C_crop%29.jpg/300px-WISE_artist_concept_%28PIA17254%2C_crop%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/WISE_artist_concept_%28PIA17254%2C_crop%29.jpg/450px-WISE_artist_concept_%28PIA17254%2C_crop%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/WISE_artist_concept_%28PIA17254%2C_crop%29.jpg/600px-WISE_artist_concept_%28PIA17254%2C_crop%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">WISE spacecraft</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Names</th><td class="infobox-data">Explorer 92<br />SMEX-6<br />NEOWISE<br />Near-Earth Object WISE</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mission type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Infrared_telescope" title="Infrared telescope">Infrared telescope</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Operator</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jet_Propulsion_Laboratory" title="Jet Propulsion Laboratory">JPL</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/International_Designator" title="International Designator">COSPAR ID</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=2009-071A">2009-071A</a></span><span class="ib-edit-wd"> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q693552#P247" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Satellite_Catalog_Number" title="Satellite Catalog Number">SATCAT <abbr title="number">no.</abbr></a></th><td class="infobox-data">36119</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nasa.gov/wise">www<wbr />.nasa<wbr />.gov<wbr />/wise</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mission duration</th><td class="infobox-data">10 months (planned)<br />14 years, 10 months and 19 days (achieved)</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Spacecraft properties</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spacecraft</th><td class="infobox-data">Explorer XCII</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spacecraft type</th><td class="infobox-data">Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Satellite_bus" title="Satellite bus">Bus</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_satellite_buses" title="Comparison of satellite buses">RS-300</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Manufacturer</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ball_Aerospace_%26_Technologies" title="Ball Aerospace & Technologies">Ball Aerospace & Technologies</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launch mass</th><td class="infobox-data">661 kg (1,457 lb) <sup id="cite_ref-wisepr-launch_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wisepr-launch-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Payload mass</th><td class="infobox-data">347 kg (765 lb)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Dimensions</th><td class="infobox-data">2.85 × 2 × 1.73 m (9 ft 4 in × 6 ft 7 in × 5 ft 8 in)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Power</th><td class="infobox-data">551 <a href="/wiki/Watt" title="Watt">watts</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Start of mission</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launch date</th><td class="infobox-data">14 December 2009,<br />14:09:33 <a href="/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time" title="Coordinated Universal Time">UTC</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Rocket</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Delta_II" title="Delta II">Delta II 7320-10C</a> (Delta 347)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launch site</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Vandenberg_Air_Force_Base" class="mw-redirect" title="Vandenberg Air Force Base">Vandenberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vandenberg_Space_Launch_Complex_2" title="Vandenberg Space Launch Complex 2">SLC-2W</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Contractor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_Launch_Alliance" title="United Launch Alliance">United Launch Alliance</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Entered service</th><td class="infobox-data">2010</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">End of mission</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Deactivated</th><td class="infobox-data">8 August 2024</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Last contact</th><td class="infobox-data">31 July 2024</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Decay date</th><td class="infobox-data">2 November 2024,<br />00:49 <a href="/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time" title="Coordinated Universal Time">UTC</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Orbital parameters</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reference system</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Geocentric_orbit" title="Geocentric orbit">Geocentric orbit</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Regime</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sun-synchronous_orbit" title="Sun-synchronous orbit">Sun-synchronous orbit</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Apsis" title="Apsis">Perigee altitude</a></th><td class="infobox-data">488.3 km (303.4 mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Apsis" title="Apsis">Apogee altitude</a></th><td class="infobox-data">494.8 km (307.5 mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Orbital_inclination" title="Orbital inclination">Inclination</a></th><td class="infobox-data">97.50°</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Orbital_period" title="Orbital period">Period</a></th><td class="infobox-data">94.45 minutes</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Main telescope</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Diameter</th><td class="infobox-data">40 cm (16 in) <sup id="cite_ref-wisepr-launch_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wisepr-launch-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Wavelengths</th><td class="infobox-data">3.4, 4.6, 12 and 22 <a href="/wiki/Micrometre" title="Micrometre">μm</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Instruments</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Four infrared detectors</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><div class="" style="width:100%; text-align:center; border-top:1px #aaa solid"><b>Explorer Program</b></div><div style="width:100%"><div style="float: left; text-align:left;padding-right:0.5em;" class="noprint">← <a href="/wiki/Interstellar_Boundary_Explorer" title="Interstellar Boundary Explorer">IBEX</a> (Explorer 91)</div><div style="float: right; text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;" class="noprint"><a href="/wiki/NuSTAR" title="NuSTAR">NuSTAR</a> (Explorer 93) →</div></div><div style="clear:both;" class=""></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer</b> (<b>WISE</b>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_observatory_codes" title="List of observatory codes">observatory code</a> C51, <b>Explorer 92</b> and <b>MIDEX-6</b>) was a <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> <a href="/wiki/Infrared_astronomy" title="Infrared astronomy">infrared astronomy</a> <a href="/wiki/Space_observatory" class="mw-redirect" title="Space observatory">space telescope</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Explorers_Program" title="Explorers Program">Explorers Program</a> launched in December 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-WISE-MSC_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WISE-MSC-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-launch_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-launch-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> WISE <a href="/wiki/List_of_minor_planet_discoverers#WISE" title="List of minor planet discoverers">discovered thousands</a> of <a href="/wiki/Minor_planet" title="Minor planet">minor planets</a> and numerous <a href="/wiki/Star_cluster" title="Star cluster">star clusters</a>. Its observations also supported the discovery of the first <a href="/wiki/Y_dwarf" title="Y dwarf">Y-type brown dwarf</a> and <a href="/wiki/Earth_trojan" title="Earth trojan">Earth trojan asteroid</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-wright_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wright-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-jpl.nasa.gov_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jpl.nasa.gov-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-wise.ssl.berkeley.edu_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wise.ssl.berkeley.edu-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ucla_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ucla-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-morse_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-morse-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-majaess2013_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-majaess2013-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> WISE performed an all-sky <a href="/wiki/Astronomical_survey" title="Astronomical survey">astronomical survey</a> with images in 3.4, 4.6, 12 and 22 μm wavelength range bands, over ten months using a 40 cm (16 in) diameter <a href="/wiki/Infrared_telescope" title="Infrared telescope">infrared telescope</a> in <a href="/wiki/Geocentric_orbit" title="Geocentric orbit">Earth orbit</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After its <a href="/wiki/Solid_hydrogen" title="Solid hydrogen">solid hydrogen</a> coolant depleted, it was placed in <a href="/wiki/Hibernation_(spaceflight)" title="Hibernation (spaceflight)">hibernation mode</a> in February 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-wright_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wright-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2013, NASA reactivated the WISE telescope to search for <a href="/wiki/Near-Earth_object" title="Near-Earth object">near-Earth objects</a> (NEO), such as <a href="/wiki/Comet" title="Comet">comets</a> and <a href="/wiki/Asteroid" title="Asteroid">asteroids</a>, that could collide with Earth.<sup id="cite_ref-werner_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-werner-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cbc20130822_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cbc20130822-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The reactivation mission was called <b>Near-Earth Object Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer</b> (<b>NEOWISE</b>).<sup id="cite_ref-cbc20130822_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cbc20130822-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of August 2023, NEOWISE was 40% through the 20th coverage of the full sky.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Science operations and data processing for WISE and NEOWISE take place at the <a href="/wiki/Infrared_Processing_and_Analysis_Center" title="Infrared Processing and Analysis Center">Infrared Processing and Analysis Center</a> at the <a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology" title="California Institute of Technology">California Institute of Technology</a> in <a href="/wiki/Pasadena,_California" title="Pasadena, California">Pasadena, California</a>. The WISE All-Sky (WISEA) data, including processed images, source catalogs and raw data, was released to the public on 14 March 2012, and is available at the <a href="/wiki/Infrared_Science_Archive" title="Infrared Science Archive">Infrared Science Archive</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The NEOWISE mission was originally expected to end in early 2025 with the satellite reentering the atmosphere some time after.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the NEOWISE mission concluded its science survey on 31 July 2024 with the satellite expected to reenter Earth's atmosphere later the same year (2 November 2024). This decision was made due to increased solar activity hastening the decay of its orbit and the lack of an onboard propulsion system for orbital maintenance. The onboard transmitter was turned off on 8 August, marking the formal decommissioning of the spacecraft.<sup id="cite_ref-:1b_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1b-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mission_goals">Mission goals</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Mission goals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The mission was planned to create infrared images of 99% of the sky, with at least eight images made of each position on the sky in order to increase accuracy. The spacecraft was placed in a 525 km (326 mi), circular, polar, <a href="/wiki/Sun-synchronous_orbit" title="Sun-synchronous orbit">Sun-synchronous orbit</a> for its ten-month mission, during which it has taken 1.5 million images, one every 11 seconds.<sup id="cite_ref-CNN_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CNN-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The satellite orbited above the <a href="/wiki/Terminator_(solar)" title="Terminator (solar)">terminator</a>, its telescope pointing always to the opposite direction to the Earth, except for pointing towards the <a href="/wiki/Moon" title="Moon">Moon</a>, which was avoided, and its solar cells towards the <a href="/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">Sun</a>. Each image covers a 47 <a href="/wiki/Minute_and_second_of_arc" title="Minute and second of arc">arcminute</a> <a href="/wiki/Field_of_view" title="Field of view">field of view</a> (FoV), which means a 6 <a href="/wiki/Minute_and_second_of_arc" title="Minute and second of arc">arcsecond</a> <a href="/wiki/Optical_resolution" title="Optical resolution">resolution</a>. Each area of the sky was scanned at least 10 times at the <a href="/wiki/Equator" title="Equator">equator</a>; the poles were scanned at theoretically every revolution due to the overlapping of the images.<sup id="cite_ref-ssbstats_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ssbstats-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ssbstats2_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ssbstats2-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The produced image library contains data on the local <a href="/wiki/Solar_System" title="Solar System">Solar System</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Milky_Way" title="Milky Way">Milky Way</a>, and the more distant <a href="/wiki/Universe" title="Universe">Universe</a>. Among the objects WISE studied are asteroids, cool and dim stars such as <a href="/wiki/Brown_dwarf" title="Brown dwarf">brown dwarfs</a>, and the most luminous infrared <a href="/wiki/Galaxy" title="Galaxy">galaxies</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Targets_within_the_Solar_System">Targets within the Solar System</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Targets within the Solar System"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>WISE was not able to detect <a href="/wiki/Kuiper_belt" title="Kuiper belt">Kuiper belt objects</a>, because their temperatures are too low.<sup id="cite_ref-planetaryblog_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-planetaryblog-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Pluto" title="Pluto">Pluto</a> is the only Kuiper belt object that was detected.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was able to detect any objects warmer than 70–100 <a href="/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin">K</a>. A <a href="/wiki/Neptune" title="Neptune">Neptune</a>-sized object would be detectable out to 700 <a href="/wiki/Astronomical_unit" title="Astronomical unit">Astronomical unit</a> (AU), a <a href="/wiki/Jupiter_mass" title="Jupiter mass">Jupiter mass</a> object out to 1 <a href="/wiki/Light_year" class="mw-redirect" title="Light year">light year</a> (63,000 AU), where it would still be within the Sun's <a href="/wiki/Hill_sphere" title="Hill sphere">zone of gravitational control</a>. A larger object of <a href="/wiki/Super_Jupiter" class="mw-redirect" title="Super Jupiter">2–3 Jupiter masses</a> would be visible at a distance of up to 7–10 light years.<sup id="cite_ref-planetaryblog_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-planetaryblog-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the time of planning, it was estimated that WISE would detect about 300,000 <a href="/wiki/Main_asteroid_belt" class="mw-redirect" title="Main asteroid belt">main-belt asteroids</a>, of which approximately 100,000 will be new, and some 700 Near-Earth objects (NEO) including about 300 undiscovered. That translates to about 1000 new main-belt asteroids per day, and 1–3 NEOs per day. The peak of magnitude distribution for NEOs will be about 21–22 <a href="/wiki/UBV_photometric_system" title="UBV photometric system">V</a>. WISE would detect each typical Solar System object 10–12 times over about 36 hours in intervals of 3 hours.<sup id="cite_ref-ssbstats_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ssbstats-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ssbstats2_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ssbstats2-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The date of the event predicted near this tag has passed. (August 2023)">needs update</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Targets_outside_the_Solar_System">Targets outside the Solar System</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Targets outside the Solar System"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Star_formation" title="Star formation">Star formation</a>, which are covered by <a href="/wiki/Cosmic_dust" title="Cosmic dust">interstellar dust</a>, are detectable in <a href="/wiki/Infrared" title="Infrared">infrared</a>, since at this wavelength electromagnetic radiation can penetrate the dust. Infrared measurements from the WISE astronomical survey have been particularly effective at unveiling previously undiscovered <a href="/wiki/Star_cluster" title="Star cluster">star clusters</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-majaess2013_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-majaess2013-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Examples of such embedded star clusters are Camargo 18, Camargo 440, Majaess 101, and Majaess 116.<sup id="cite_ref-camargo2015_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-camargo2015-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-camargo2013_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-camargo2013-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, galaxies of the young Universe and interacting galaxies, where star formation is intensive, are bright in infrared. On this wavelength the interstellar gas clouds are also detectable, as well as proto-planetary discs. WISE satellite was expected to find at least 1,000 of those proto-planetary discs. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Spacecraft">Spacecraft</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Spacecraft"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The WISE <a href="/wiki/Satellite_bus" title="Satellite bus">satellite bus</a> was built by <a href="/wiki/Ball_Aerospace_%26_Technologies" title="Ball Aerospace & Technologies">Ball Aerospace & Technologies</a> in <a href="/wiki/Boulder,_Colorado" title="Boulder, Colorado">Boulder, Colorado</a>. The spacecraft is derived from the Ball Aerospace & Technologies <a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_satellite_buses" title="Comparison of satellite buses">RS-300</a> spacecraft architecture, particularly the <a href="/wiki/NEXTSat" title="NEXTSat">NEXTSat</a> spacecraft built for the successful <a href="/wiki/Orbital_Express" title="Orbital Express">Orbital Express</a> mission launched on 9 March 2007. The flight system has an estimated mass of 560 kg (1,230 lb). The spacecraft is <a href="/wiki/Three-axis_stabilization" class="mw-redirect" title="Three-axis stabilization">three-axis stabilized</a>, with body-fixed <a href="/wiki/Solar_panels_on_spacecraft" title="Solar panels on spacecraft">solar arrays</a>. It uses a <a href="/wiki/High-gain_antenna" class="mw-redirect" title="High-gain antenna">high-gain antenna</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Ku_band" title="Ku band">Ku-band</a> to transmit to the ground through the <a href="/wiki/Tracking_and_Data_Relay_Satellite_System" title="Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System">Tracking and Data Relay Satellite System</a> (TDRSS) <a href="/wiki/Geostationary_satellite" class="mw-redirect" title="Geostationary satellite">geostationary system</a>. Ball also performed the testing and flight system integration.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 282px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 280px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:WISE_1.png" class="mw-file-description" title="WISE spacecraft"><img alt="WISE spacecraft" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/WISE_1.png/420px-WISE_1.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/WISE_1.png/630px-WISE_1.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/WISE_1.png/839px-WISE_1.png 2x" data-file-width="979" data-file-height="700" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">WISE spacecraft</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 163.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 161.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer_Instruments.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Scheme of the spacecraft"><img alt="Scheme of the spacecraft" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer_Instruments.jpg/242px-Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer_Instruments.jpg" decoding="async" width="162" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer_Instruments.jpg/363px-Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer_Instruments.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer_Instruments.jpg/483px-Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer_Instruments.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1909" data-file-height="2369" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Scheme of the spacecraft</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 152.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer_Optics.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Scheme of the telescope"><img alt="Scheme of the telescope" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer_Optics.jpg/226px-Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer_Optics.jpg" decoding="async" width="151" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer_Optics.jpg/340px-Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer_Optics.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer_Optics.jpg/453px-Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer_Optics.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1942" data-file-height="2572" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Scheme of the telescope</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 126px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 124px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer_Scheme.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Scheme of the instruments"><img alt="Scheme of the instruments" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer_Scheme.jpg/186px-Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer_Scheme.jpg" decoding="async" width="124" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer_Scheme.jpg/279px-Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer_Scheme.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer_Scheme.jpg/372px-Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer_Scheme.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1639" data-file-height="2640" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Scheme of the instruments</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Telescope">Telescope</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Telescope"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:248px;max-width:248px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:122px;max-width:122px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:WISE_2009-4760.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/WISE_2009-4760.jpg/120px-WISE_2009-4760.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/WISE_2009-4760.jpg/180px-WISE_2009-4760.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/WISE_2009-4760.jpg/240px-WISE_2009-4760.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2008" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:122px;max-width:122px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:WISE_2009-4759.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/WISE_2009-4759.jpg/120px-WISE_2009-4759.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/WISE_2009-4759.jpg/180px-WISE_2009-4759.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/WISE_2009-4759.jpg/240px-WISE_2009-4759.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2008" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">WISE prior to its mission into orbit</div></div></div></div> <p>Construction of the WISE telescope was divided between Ball Aerospace & Technologies (spacecraft, operations support), SSG Precision Optronics, Inc. (telescope, optics, scan mirror), <a href="/wiki/DRS_Technologies" class="mw-redirect" title="DRS Technologies">DRS Technologies</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rockwell_International" title="Rockwell International">Rockwell International</a> (focal planes), <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin" title="Lockheed Martin">Lockheed Martin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cryostat" title="Cryostat">cryostat</a>, cooling for the telescope), and <a href="/wiki/Space_Dynamics_Laboratory" title="Space Dynamics Laboratory">Space Dynamics Laboratory</a> (instruments, electronics, and testing). The program was managed through the <a href="/wiki/Jet_Propulsion_Laboratory" title="Jet Propulsion Laboratory">Jet Propulsion Laboratory</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-werner_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-werner-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The WISE instrument was built by the Space Dynamics Laboratory in <a href="/wiki/Logan,_Utah" title="Logan, Utah">Logan, Utah</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mission">Mission</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Mission"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Comet_Siding_Spring.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Comet_Siding_Spring.jpg/220px-Comet_Siding_Spring.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="226" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Comet_Siding_Spring.jpg/330px-Comet_Siding_Spring.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Comet_Siding_Spring.jpg/440px-Comet_Siding_Spring.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1219" data-file-height="1251" /></a><figcaption>Comet <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/C/2007_Q3" class="mw-redirect" title="C/2007 Q3">C/2007 Q<span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;"><span style="font-size:80%;">3</span></span></a></span> (Siding Spring) in infrared by WISE</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Freezing_WISE%27s_Hydrogen.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Freezing_WISE%27s_Hydrogen.jpg/220px-Freezing_WISE%27s_Hydrogen.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Freezing_WISE%27s_Hydrogen.jpg/330px-Freezing_WISE%27s_Hydrogen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Freezing_WISE%27s_Hydrogen.jpg/440px-Freezing_WISE%27s_Hydrogen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1419" data-file-height="1113" /></a><figcaption>A scaffolding structure built around WISE allows engineers access while its hydrogen coolant is being frozen.</figcaption></figure> <p>WISE surveyed the sky in four wavelengths of the infrared band, at a very high sensitivity. Its design specified as goals that the full sky atlas of stacked images it produced have 5-sigma sensitivity limits of 120, 160, 650, and 2600 <a href="/wiki/Jansky" title="Jansky">microjanskies</a> (μJy) at 3.3, 4.7, 12, and 23 μm (aka <a href="/wiki/Micrometre" title="Micrometre">microns</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-Mainzer05_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mainzer05-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> WISE achieved at least 68, 98, 860, and 5400 μJy; 5 sigma sensitivity at 3.4, 4.6, 12, and 22 μm for the WISE All-Sky data release.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is a factor of 1,000 times better sensitivity than the survey completed in 1983 by the IRAS satellite in the 12 and 23 μm bands, and a factor of 500,000 times better than the 1990s survey by the <a href="/wiki/Cosmic_Background_Explorer" title="Cosmic Background Explorer">Cosmic Background Explorer</a> (COBE) satellite at 3.3 and 4.7 μm.<sup id="cite_ref-Mainzer05_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mainzer05-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the other hand, IRAS could also observe 60 and 100 μm wavelengths.<sup id="cite_ref-lutz_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lutz-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Band 1 – 3.4 μm (micrometre) – broad-band sensitivity to stars and galaxies</li> <li>Band 2 – 4.6 μm – detect thermal radiation from the internal heat sources of sub-stellar objects like brown dwarfs</li> <li>Band 3 – 12 μm – detect thermal radiation from asteroids</li> <li>Band 4 – 22 μm – sensitivity to dust in <a href="/wiki/Star_formation" title="Star formation">star-forming regions</a> (material with temperatures of 70–100 <a href="/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin">kelvins</a>)</li></ul> <p>The primary mission lasted 10 months: one month for checkout, six months for a full-sky survey, then an additional three months of survey until cryogenic coolant (which kept the instruments at 17 K) ran out. The partial second survey pass facilitated the study of changes (e.g. orbital movement) in observed objects.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Congressional_hearing_-_November_2007">Congressional hearing - November 2007</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Congressional hearing - November 2007"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 8 November 2007, the <a href="/wiki/House_Committee_on_Science_and_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="House Committee on Science and Technology">House Committee on Science and Technology</a>'s Subcommittee on Space and Aeronautics held a hearing to examine the status of NASA's Near-Earth Object (NEO) survey program. The prospect of using WISE was proposed by NASA officials.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>NASA officials told Committee staff that NASA plans to use WISE to detect [near-Earth objects in addition to performing its science goals. It was projected that WISE could detect 400 NEOs (or roughly 2% of the estimated NEO population of interest) within its one-year mission. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Results">Results</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Results"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>By October 2010, over 33,500 new asteroids and comets were discovered, and nearly 154,000 Solar System objects had been observed by WISE.<sup id="cite_ref-lisag_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lisag-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Discovery of an ultra-cool brown dwarf, <a href="/wiki/WISEPC_J045853.90%2B643451.9" class="mw-redirect" title="WISEPC J045853.90+643451.9">WISEPC J045853.90+643451.9</a>, about 10~30 light years away from Earth, was announced in late 2010 based on early data.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In July 2011, it was announced that WISE had discovered the first Earth <a href="/wiki/Trojan_(celestial_body)" title="Trojan (celestial body)">trojan asteroid</a>, <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2010_TK7" class="mw-redirect" title="2010 TK7">2010 TK<span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;"><span style="font-size:80%;">7</span></span></a></span>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also, the third-closest star system, <a href="/wiki/Luhman_16" title="Luhman 16">Luhman 16</a>. </p><p>As of May 2018, WISE / NEOWISE had also discovered 290 near-Earth objects and comets <i>(see <a href="#NEOWISE_(post-hibernation)">section</a> below)</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-jplstats_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jplstats-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Project_milestones">Project milestones</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Project milestones"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The WISE mission is led by <a href="/wiki/Edward_L._Wright" title="Edward L. Wright">Edward L. Wright</a> of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Los_Angeles" title="University of California, Los Angeles">University of California, Los Angeles</a>. The mission has a long history under Wright's efforts and was first funded by NASA in 1999 as a candidate for a NASA Medium-class Explorer (MIDEX) mission under the name <i>Next Generation Sky Survey</i> (NGSS). The history of the program from 1999 to date is briefly summarized as follows:<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <ul><li>January 1999 — NGSS is one of five missions selected for a Phase A study, with an expected selection in late 1999 of two of these five missions for construction and launch, one in 2003 and another in 2004. Mission cost is estimated at US$139 million at this time.</li> <li>March 1999 — WIRE infrared telescope spacecraft fails within hours of reaching orbit.</li> <li>October 1999 — Winners of MIDEX study are awarded, and NGSS is not selected.</li> <li>October 2001 — NGSS proposal is re-submitted to NASA as a MIDEX mission.</li> <li>April 2002 — NGSS proposal is accepted by the NASA Explorer office to proceed as one of four MIDEX programs for a Pre-Phase A study.</li> <li>December 2002 — NGSS changes its name to <i>Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer</i> (WISE).</li> <li>March 2003 — NASA releases a press release announcing WISE has been selected for an Extended Phase-A study, leading to a decision in 2004 on whether to proceed with the development of the mission.</li> <li>April 2003 — Ball Aerospace & Technologies is selected as the spacecraft provider for the WISE mission.</li> <li>April 2004 — WISE is selected as NASA's next MIDEX mission. WISE's cost is estimated at US$208 million at this time.</li> <li>November 2004 — NASA selects the <a href="/wiki/Space_Dynamics_Laboratory" title="Space Dynamics Laboratory">Space Dynamics Laboratory</a> at <a href="/wiki/Utah_State_University" title="Utah State University">Utah State University</a> to build the telescope for WISE.</li> <li>October 2006 — WISE is confirmed for development by NASA and authorized to proceed with development. Mission cost at this time is estimated to be US$300 million.</li></ul> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 102px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 100px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:WISE_before_mating_to_its_payload_adapter.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="WISE being connected to its adapter for launch"><img alt="WISE being connected to its adapter for launch" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/WISE_before_mating_to_its_payload_adapter.jpg/150px-WISE_before_mating_to_its_payload_adapter.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/WISE_before_mating_to_its_payload_adapter.jpg/226px-WISE_before_mating_to_its_payload_adapter.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/WISE_before_mating_to_its_payload_adapter.jpg/301px-WISE_before_mating_to_its_payload_adapter.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2008" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">WISE being connected to its adapter for launch</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 102px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 100px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Installation_of_the_Payload_fairing_around_WISE.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="WISE during the payload fairing installation"><img alt="WISE during the payload fairing installation" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Installation_of_the_Payload_fairing_around_WISE.jpg/150px-Installation_of_the_Payload_fairing_around_WISE.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Installation_of_the_Payload_fairing_around_WISE.jpg/225px-Installation_of_the_Payload_fairing_around_WISE.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Installation_of_the_Payload_fairing_around_WISE.jpg/300px-Installation_of_the_Payload_fairing_around_WISE.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">WISE during the payload fairing installation</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 102px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 100px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Delta_II_rocket_launches_with_WISE.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Delta II launch vehicle with WISE aboard"><img alt="Delta II launch vehicle with WISE aboard" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Delta_II_rocket_launches_with_WISE.jpg/150px-Delta_II_rocket_launches_with_WISE.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Delta_II_rocket_launches_with_WISE.jpg/225px-Delta_II_rocket_launches_with_WISE.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Delta_II_rocket_launches_with_WISE.jpg/300px-Delta_II_rocket_launches_with_WISE.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Delta_II" title="Delta II">Delta II</a> launch vehicle with WISE aboard</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 102px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 100px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:WISE_IR_launch_crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Infrared image of WISE's launch from Vandenberg AFB"><img alt="Infrared image of WISE's launch from Vandenberg AFB" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/WISE_IR_launch_crop.jpg/150px-WISE_IR_launch_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/WISE_IR_launch_crop.jpg/225px-WISE_IR_launch_crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/WISE_IR_launch_crop.jpg/300px-WISE_IR_launch_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="353" data-file-height="530" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Infrared image of WISE's launch from <a href="/wiki/Vandenberg_Space_Force_Base" title="Vandenberg Space Force Base">Vandenberg AFB</a></div> </li> </ul> <ul><li>14 December 2009 — WISE successfully launched from Vandenberg Air Force Base, <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>.</li> <li>29 December 2009 — WISE successfully jettisoned instrument cover.</li> <li>6 January 2010 — WISE <a href="/wiki/First_light_(astronomy)" title="First light (astronomy)">first light</a> image released.</li> <li>14 January 2010 — WISE begins its regular four wavelength survey scheduled for nine months duration. It is expected to cover 99% of the sky with overlapping images in the first 6 months and continuing with a second pass until the hydrogen coolant is exhausted about three months later.</li> <li>25 January 2010 — WISE detects a never-before-seen near Earth asteroid, designated <a href="/wiki/2010_AB78" class="mw-redirect" title="2010 AB78">2010 AB78</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>11 February 2010 — WISE detects a previously unknown comet, designated <a href="/wiki/P/2010_B2_(WISE)" class="mw-redirect" title="P/2010 B2 (WISE)">P/2010 B2 (WISE)</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>25 February 2010 — WISE website reports it has surveyed over 25% of the sky to a depth of 7 overlapping image frames.</li> <li>10 April 2010 — WISE website reports it has surveyed over 50% of the sky to a depth of 7 overlapping image frames.</li> <li>26 May 2010 — WISE website reports it has surveyed over 75% of the sky to a depth of 7 overlapping image frames.</li> <li>16 July 2010 — Press release announces that 100% sky coverage will be completed on 17 July 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> About half of the sky will be mapped again before the instrument's block of <a href="/wiki/Solid_hydrogen" title="Solid hydrogen">solid hydrogen</a> coolant sublimes and is exhausted.</li> <li>October 2010 — WISE hydrogen coolant runs out. Start of NASA Planetary Division funded NEOWISE mission.<sup id="cite_ref-werner_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-werner-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>January 2011 — Entire sky surveyed to an image density of at least 16+ frames (i.e. second scan of sky completed).</li></ul> <p><i>Hibernation</i> </p> <ul><li>17 February 2011 — WISE Spacecraft transmitter turned off at 20:00 <a href="/wiki/Coordinated_Universal_Time" title="Coordinated Universal Time">UTC</a> by principal investigator Ned Wright. The spacecraft will remain in hibernation without ground contacts awaiting possible future use.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PIA18593-Mars-CometSidingSpring-NEOWISE-20140728.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/PIA18593-Mars-CometSidingSpring-NEOWISE-20140728.jpg/220px-PIA18593-Mars-CometSidingSpring-NEOWISE-20140728.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/PIA18593-Mars-CometSidingSpring-NEOWISE-20140728.jpg/330px-PIA18593-Mars-CometSidingSpring-NEOWISE-20140728.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/PIA18593-Mars-CometSidingSpring-NEOWISE-20140728.jpg/440px-PIA18593-Mars-CometSidingSpring-NEOWISE-20140728.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2519" data-file-height="2519" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/C/2013_A1" class="mw-redirect" title="C/2013 A1">Comet C/2013 A1 Siding Spring</a> <a href="/wiki/Multiple_exposure" title="Multiple exposure">multiple exposure</a> – four separate images superimposed against the same background stars (NEOWISE; 28 July 2014). (The four reddish smudges, center; the blue/white ovals top left are galaxies.)</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>14 April 2011 — Preliminary release of data covering 57% of the sky as seen by WISE.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>27 July 2011 — First Earth trojan asteroid discovered from WISE data.<sup id="cite_ref-jpl.nasa.gov_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jpl.nasa.gov-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-wise.ssl.berkeley.edu_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wise.ssl.berkeley.edu-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>23 August 2011 — WISE confirms the existence of a new class of brown dwarf, the <a href="/wiki/Brown_dwarf" title="Brown dwarf">Y dwarf</a>. Some of these stars appear to have temperatures less than 300 K, close to room temperature at about 25 °C. Y dwarfs show <a href="/wiki/Ammonia" title="Ammonia">ammonia</a> absorption, in addition to <a href="/wiki/Methane" title="Methane">methane</a> and <a href="/wiki/Water" title="Water">water</a> absorption bands displayed by T dwarfs.<sup id="cite_ref-ucla_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ucla-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-morse_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-morse-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>14 March 2012 — Release of the WISE All-Sky data to the scientific community.<sup id="cite_ref-fullrelease_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fullrelease-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>29 August 2012 — WISE reveals millions of black-holes.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>20 September 2012 — WISE was successfully contacted to check its status.<sup id="cite_ref-wright_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wright-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>21 August 2013 — NASA announced it would recommission WISE with a new mission to search for asteroids.<sup id="cite_ref-cbc20130822_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cbc20130822-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p><i>Reactivation</i> </p> <ul><li>19 December 2013 — NASA releases a new image taken by the reactivated WISE telescope, following an extended cooling down phase. The revived NeoWise mission is underway and collecting data.</li> <li>7 March 2014 — NASA reports that WISE, after an exhaustive survey, has not been able to uncover any evidence of "<a href="/wiki/Planets_beyond_Neptune" title="Planets beyond Neptune">planet X</a>", a hypothesized <a href="/wiki/Planet" title="Planet">planet</a> within the <a href="/wiki/Solar_System" title="Solar System">Solar System</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-NASA-20140307_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NASA-20140307-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>26 April 2014 — The Penn State Center for Exoplanets and Habitable Worlds reports that WISE has found the <a href="/wiki/WISE_0855%E2%88%920714" title="WISE 0855−0714">coldest known brown dwarf</a>, between −48 °C and −13 °C, 7.2 <a href="/wiki/Light_year" class="mw-redirect" title="Light year">light years</a> away from the Sun.<sup id="cite_ref-PSU-20140426_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PSU-20140426-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>21 May 2015 — NASA reports the discovery of <a href="/wiki/WISE_J224607.57-052635.0" class="mw-redirect" title="WISE J224607.57-052635.0">WISE J224607.57-052635.0</a>, the most luminous known galaxy in the <a href="/wiki/Universe" title="Universe">Universe</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-PO-20150521_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PO-20150521-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NASA-20150521_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NASA-20150521-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Animation_of_WISE_orbit_around_Earth.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Animation_of_WISE_orbit_around_Earth.gif/220px-Animation_of_WISE_orbit_around_Earth.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Animation_of_WISE_orbit_around_Earth.gif/330px-Animation_of_WISE_orbit_around_Earth.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Animation_of_WISE_orbit_around_Earth.gif/440px-Animation_of_WISE_orbit_around_Earth.gif 2x" data-file-width="560" data-file-height="420" /></a><figcaption>Animation of WISE's orbit around Earth. Earth is not shown.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer_first-light_image.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer_first-light_image.jpg/220px-Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer_first-light_image.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer_first-light_image.jpg/330px-Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer_first-light_image.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer_first-light_image.jpg/440px-Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer_first-light_image.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption>This first light image is a false color infrared image of the sky in the direction of the <a href="/wiki/Carina_(constellation)" title="Carina (constellation)">Carina constellation</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Launch">Launch</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Launch"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The launch of the Delta II launch vehicle carrying the WISE spacecraft was originally scheduled for 11 December 2009. This attempt was scrubbed to correct a problem with a booster rocket steering engine. The launch was then rescheduled for 14 December 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The second attempt launched on time at 14:09:33 UTC from Vandenberg Air Force Base in <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Launch_vehicle" title="Launch vehicle">launch vehicle</a> successfully placed the WISE spacecraft into the planned <a href="/wiki/Polar_orbit" title="Polar orbit">polar orbit</a> at an altitude of 525 km (326 mi) above the Earth.<sup id="cite_ref-launch_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-launch-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>WISE avoided the problem that affected <a href="/wiki/Wide_Field_Infrared_Explorer" title="Wide Field Infrared Explorer">Wide Field Infrared Explorer</a> (WIRE), which failed within hours of reaching orbit in March 1999.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, WISE was 1,000 times more sensitive than prior surveys such as <a href="/wiki/IRAS" title="IRAS">IRAS</a>, <a href="/wiki/AKARI" class="mw-redirect" title="AKARI">AKARI</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Cosmic_Background_Explorer" title="Cosmic Background Explorer">COBE</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Diffuse_Infrared_Background_Experiment" title="Diffuse Infrared Background Experiment">DIRBE</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Mainzer05_26-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mainzer05-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id=""Cold"_mission"><span id=".22Cold.22_mission"></span>"Cold" mission</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: "Cold" mission"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A month-long checkout after launch found all spacecraft systems functioning normally and both the low- and high-rate data links to the operations center working properly. The instrument cover was successfully jettisoned on 29 December 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A first light image was released on 6 January 2010: an eight-second exposure in the <a href="/wiki/Carina_(constellation)" title="Carina (constellation)">Carina</a> <a href="/wiki/Constellation" title="Constellation">constellation</a> showing <a href="/wiki/Infrared_light" class="mw-redirect" title="Infrared light">infrared light</a> in <a href="/wiki/False_color" title="False color">false color</a> from three of WISE's four wavelength bands: Blue, green and red corresponding to 3.4, 4.6, and 12 μm, respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 14 January 2010, the WISE mission started its official sky survey.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The WISE group's bid for continued funding for an extended "warm mission" scored low by a NASA review board, in part because of a lack of outside groups publishing on WISE data. Such a mission would have allowed use of the 3.4 and 4.6 μm detectors after the last of cryo-coolant had been exhausted, with the goal of completing a second sky survey to detect additional objects and obtain parallax data on putative brown dwarf stars. NASA extended the mission in October 2010 to search for near-Earth objects (NEO).<sup id="cite_ref-werner_12-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-werner-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By October 2010, over 33,500 new asteroids and comets were discovered, and over 154,000 Solar System objects were observed by WISE.<sup id="cite_ref-lisag_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lisag-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While active it found dozens of previously unknown asteroids every day.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In total, it captured more than 2.7 million images during its primary mission.<sup id="cite_ref-LATimes_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LATimes-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="NEOWISE_(pre-hibernation)"><span id="NEOWISE_.28pre-hibernation.29"></span>NEOWISE (pre-hibernation)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: NEOWISE (pre-hibernation)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"NEOWISE" redirects here. For the comet, see <a href="/wiki/Comet_NEOWISE" title="Comet NEOWISE">Comet NEOWISE</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Comets_WISE.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Comets_WISE.jpg/220px-Comets_WISE.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Comets_WISE.jpg/330px-Comets_WISE.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Comets_WISE.jpg/440px-Comets_WISE.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3754" data-file-height="3004" /></a><figcaption>Some of the comets discovered during the pre-hibernation NEOWISE.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NEA_by_survey.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/NEA_by_survey.png/220px-NEA_by_survey.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/NEA_by_survey.png/330px-NEA_by_survey.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/NEA_by_survey.png/440px-NEA_by_survey.png 2x" data-file-width="870" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption>Number of near-Earth objects detected by various projects: <table style="width: 100%; margin-bottom: 8px;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; width:45%;"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend nowrap"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid #0000B3;background-color:#0000FF; color:white;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Near-Earth_Asteroid_Research" title="Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research">LINEAR</a></span><br /> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend nowrap"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid #B37400;background-color:#FF9900; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Near_Earth_Asteroid_Tracking" class="mw-redirect" title="Near Earth Asteroid Tracking">NEAT</a></span><br /> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend nowrap"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid #800000;background-color:#FF0000; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Spacewatch" title="Spacewatch">Spacewatch</a></span><br /> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend nowrap"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid #B3B300;background-color:#FFFF00; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/LONEOS" class="mw-redirect" title="LONEOS">LONEOS</a></span> </td> <td valign="top"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend nowrap"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid #003D00;background-color:#009900; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Catalina_Sky_Survey" title="Catalina Sky Survey">CSS</a></span><br /> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend nowrap"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid #390052;background-color:#FF00FF; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Pan-STARRS" title="Pan-STARRS">Pan-STARRS</a></span><br /> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend nowrap"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid #333;background-color:#00CCCC; color:black;"> </span> <b>NEOWISE</b></span><br /> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend nowrap"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid #333;background-color:#993300; color:white;"> </span> others</span> </td></tr></tbody></table> </figcaption></figure> <p>In October 2010, NASA extended the mission by one month with a program called <i>Near-Earth Object WISE</i> (<i>NEOWISE</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-werner_12-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-werner-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to its success, the program was extended a further three months.<sup id="cite_ref-wright_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wright-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The focus was to look for asteroids and comets close to Earth orbit, using the remaining post-cryogenic detection capability (two of four detectors on WISE work without cryogenic).<sup id="cite_ref-werner_12-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-werner-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In February 2011, NASA announced that NEOWISE had discovered many new objects in the Solar System, including twenty comets.<sup id="cite_ref-nasaneowisecomet_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nasaneowisecomet-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During its primary and extended missions, the spacecraft delivered characterizations of 158,000 minor planets, including more than 35,000 newly discovered objects.<sup id="cite_ref-ibtimes20140303_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ibtimes20140303-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nasa20151111_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nasa20151111-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hibernation_and_recommissioning">Hibernation and recommissioning</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Hibernation and recommissioning"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After completing a full scan of the asteroid belt for the NEOWISE mission, the spacecraft was put into hibernation on 1 February 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-nasa20110201_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nasa20110201-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The spacecraft was briefly contacted to check its status on 20 September 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-wright_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wright-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 21 August 2013, NASA announced it would recommission NEOWISE to continue its search for near-Earth objects (NEO) and potentially dangerous asteroids. It would additionally search for asteroids that a robotic spacecraft could intercept and redirect to orbit the Moon. The extended mission would be for three years at a cost of US$5 million per year, and was brought about in part due to calls for NASA to step up asteroid detection after the <a href="/wiki/Chelyabinsk_meteor" title="Chelyabinsk meteor">Chelyabinsk meteor</a> exploded over Russia in February 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-cbc20130822_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cbc20130822-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>NEOWISE was successfully taken out of hibernation in September 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-space20131219_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-space20131219-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With its coolant depleted, the spacecraft's temperature was reduced from 200 K (−73 °C; −100 °F) — a relatively high temperature resulting from its hibernation — to an operating temperature of 75 K (−198.2 °C; −324.7 °F) by having the telescope stare into deep space.<sup id="cite_ref-wright_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wright-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-LATimes_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LATimes-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its instruments were then re-calibrated,<sup id="cite_ref-LATimes_52-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LATimes-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the first post-hibernation photograph was taken on 19 December 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-space20131219_57-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-space20131219-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="NEOWISE_(post-hibernation)"><span id="NEOWISE_.28post-hibernation.29"></span>NEOWISE (post-hibernation)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: NEOWISE (post-hibernation)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PIA21259_-_Celestial_Object_2016_WF9,_a_NEOWISE_Discovery_(Artist_Concept).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/PIA21259_-_Celestial_Object_2016_WF9%2C_a_NEOWISE_Discovery_%28Artist_Concept%29.jpg/220px-PIA21259_-_Celestial_Object_2016_WF9%2C_a_NEOWISE_Discovery_%28Artist_Concept%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/PIA21259_-_Celestial_Object_2016_WF9%2C_a_NEOWISE_Discovery_%28Artist_Concept%29.jpg/330px-PIA21259_-_Celestial_Object_2016_WF9%2C_a_NEOWISE_Discovery_%28Artist_Concept%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/PIA21259_-_Celestial_Object_2016_WF9%2C_a_NEOWISE_Discovery_%28Artist_Concept%29.jpg/440px-PIA21259_-_Celestial_Object_2016_WF9%2C_a_NEOWISE_Discovery_%28Artist_Concept%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3840" data-file-height="2400" /></a><figcaption>Concept art for <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2016_WF9" title="2016 WF9">2016 WF<span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;"><span style="font-size:80%;">9</span></span></a></span>, discovered by WISE under the NEOWISE mission.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PIA22419-Neowise-1stFourYearsDataFromDec2013-20180420.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/PIA22419-Neowise-1stFourYearsDataFromDec2013-20180420.gif/220px-PIA22419-Neowise-1stFourYearsDataFromDec2013-20180420.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/PIA22419-Neowise-1stFourYearsDataFromDec2013-20180420.gif/330px-PIA22419-Neowise-1stFourYearsDataFromDec2013-20180420.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/PIA22419-Neowise-1stFourYearsDataFromDec2013-20180420.gif/440px-PIA22419-Neowise-1stFourYearsDataFromDec2013-20180420.gif 2x" data-file-width="730" data-file-height="548" /></a><figcaption><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">First four years of NEOWISE data starting in December 2013 to December 2017. Green dots represent near-Earth objects. Gray dots represent all other asteroids which are mainly in the main asteroid belt between <a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Mars</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jupiter" title="Jupiter">Jupiter</a>. Yellow squares represent comets. White dots are asteroids in view of NEOWISE.</div></figcaption></figure> <p>The post-hibernation NEOWISE mission was anticipated to discover 150 previously unknown near-Earth objects and to learn more about the characteristics of 2,000 known asteroids.<sup id="cite_ref-LATimes_52-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LATimes-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-nasa20130821_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nasa20130821-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Few objects smaller than 100 m (330 ft) in diameter were detected by NEOWISE's automated detection software, known as the WISE Moving Object Processing Software (WMOPS), because it requires five or more detections to be reported.<sup id="cite_ref-Mainzer2014_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mainzer2014-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The average <a href="/wiki/Astronomical_albedo" class="mw-redirect" title="Astronomical albedo">albedo</a> of asteroids larger than 100 m (330 ft) discovered by NEOWISE is 0.14.<sup id="cite_ref-Mainzer2014_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mainzer2014-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The telescope was turned on again in 2013, and by December 2013 the telescope had cooled down sufficiently to be able to resume observations.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Between then and May 2017, the telescope made almost 640,000 detections of over 26,000 previously known objects including asteroids and comets.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_60-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, it discovered 416 new objects and about a quarter of those were near-Earth objects classification.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_60-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of July 2024, WISE / NEOWISE statistics lists a total of 399 near-Earth objects (NEOs), including <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2016_WF9" title="2016 WF9">2016 WF<span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;"><span style="font-size:80%;">9</span></span></a></span> and <span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/C/2016_U1" class="mw-redirect" title="C/2016 U1">C/2016 U<span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;"><span style="font-size:80%;">1</span></span></a></span>, discovered by the spacecraft:<sup id="cite_ref-jplstats_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jplstats-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;"></span>365 <a href="/wiki/Near-Earth_object" title="Near-Earth object">NEAs</a> (subset of NEOs)</li> <li><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>66 <a href="/wiki/Potentially_hazardous_object" title="Potentially hazardous object">PHAs</a> (subset of NEAs)</li> <li><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>34 comets</li></ul> <p>Of the 365 near-Earth asteroids (NEAs), 66 of them are considered <a href="/wiki/Potentially_hazardous_object" title="Potentially hazardous object">potentially hazardous asteroids</a> (PHAs), a subset of the much larger family of NEOs, but particularly more likely to hit Earth and cause significant destruction.<sup id="cite_ref-jplstats_34-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jplstats-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> NEOs can be divided into NECs (comets only) and NEAs (asteroids only), and further into subcategories such as <a href="/wiki/Atira_asteroid" title="Atira asteroid">Atira asteroids</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Aten_asteroids" title="List of Aten asteroids">Aten asteroids</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Apollo_asteroid_records" title="List of Apollo asteroid records">Apollo asteroids</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Amor_asteroid_records" title="List of Amor asteroid records">Amor asteroids</a> and the potentially hazardous asteroids (PHAs).<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>NEOWISE has provided an estimate of the size of over 1,850 near-Earth objects. NEOWISE mission was extended for two more years (1 July 2021 – 30 June 2023).<sup id="cite_ref-JPL20210630_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JPL20210630-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of June 2021<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> NEOWISE's replacement, the next-generation <a href="/wiki/NEO_Surveyor" title="NEO Surveyor">NEO Surveyor</a>, is scheduled to launch in 2028, and will greatly expand on what humans have learned, and continue to learn, from NEOWISE.<sup id="cite_ref-JPL20210630_62-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JPL20210630-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>"As of August 2023 NEOWISE is 40% through the 20th coverage of the full sky since the start of the Reactivation mission."<sup id="cite_ref-neowise_at_caltech_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-neowise_at_caltech-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="End_of_mission">End of mission</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: End of mission"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 13 December 2023, the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), announced that the satellite would enter a low orbit causing it to be unusable by early 2025. Increased solar activity as the sun approaches <a href="/wiki/Solar_maximum" title="Solar maximum">solar maximum</a> during <a href="/wiki/Solar_cycle_25" title="Solar cycle 25">Solar cycle 25</a> was expected to increase <a href="/wiki/Atmospheric_drag" class="mw-redirect" title="Atmospheric drag">atmospheric drag</a> causing <a href="/wiki/Orbital_decay" title="Orbital decay">orbital decay</a>. The satellite was expected to subsequently reenter the earth's atmosphere.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 8 August 2024, the Jet Propulsion Laboratory updated its estimate of orbital decay to sometime in late 2024 and announced that NEOWISE's science survey had ended on 31 July.<sup id="cite_ref-:1b_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1b-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> NEOWISE entered and burnt up in the Earth's atmosphere at 8:49 p.m. EDT on 1 November 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Data_releases">Data releases</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Data releases"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 14 April 2011, a preliminary release of WISE data was made public, covering 57% of the sky observed by the spacecraft.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 14 March 2012, a new atlas and catalog of the entire infrared sky as imaged by WISE was released to the astronomic community.<sup id="cite_ref-fullrelease_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fullrelease-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 31 July 2012, NEOWISE Post-Cryo Preliminary Data was released.<sup id="cite_ref-wright_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wright-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A release called AllWISE, combining all data, was released on 13 November 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-sciarchive_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sciarchive-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> NEOWISE data is released annually.<sup id="cite_ref-sciarchive_66-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sciarchive-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The WISE data include diameter estimates of intermediate precision, better than from an assumed albedo but not nearly as precise as good direct measurements, can be obtained from the combination of reflected light and thermal infrared emission, using a thermal model of the asteroid to estimate both its diameter and its albedo. In May 2016, technologist <a href="/wiki/Nathan_Myhrvold" title="Nathan Myhrvold">Nathan Myhrvold</a> questioned the precision of the diameters and claimed systemic errors arising from the spacecraft's design.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT-20160523_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-20160523-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ARX-20160523_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ARX-20160523-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SA-20160527_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SA-20160527-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The original version of his criticism itself faced criticism for its methodology<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and did not pass <a href="/wiki/Peer_review" title="Peer review">peer review</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-ARX-20160523_68-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ARX-20160523-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NASA-20160525_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NASA-20160525-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but a revised version was subsequently published.<sup id="cite_ref-ICARUS-220180522_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ICARUS-220180522-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYT-20180614_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-20180614-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The same year, an analysis of 100 asteroids by an independent group of astronomers gave results consistent with the original WISE analysis.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT-20180614_73-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-20180614-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="unWISE_and_CatWISE">unWISE and CatWISE</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: unWISE and CatWISE"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Allwise_unwise_compared.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Allwise_unwise_compared.png/220px-Allwise_unwise_compared.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Allwise_unwise_compared.png/330px-Allwise_unwise_compared.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Allwise_unwise_compared.png/440px-Allwise_unwise_compared.png 2x" data-file-width="926" data-file-height="485" /></a><figcaption>Comparison between the Atlas images of Allwise (left) and the coadds of unWISE (right), using <a href="/wiki/IC_1590" title="IC 1590">IC 1590</a> as an example.</figcaption></figure> <p>The Allwise co-added images were intentionally blurred, which is optimal for detecting isolated point sources. This has the disadvantage that many sources are not detected in crowded regions. The unofficial, unblurred coadds of the WISE imaging (unWISE) creates sharp images and masks defects and transients.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> unWISE coadded images can be searched by <a href="/wiki/Equatorial_coordinate_system" title="Equatorial coordinate system">coordinates</a> on the unWISE website.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> unWISE images are used for the <a href="/wiki/Citizen_science" title="Citizen science">citizen science</a> projects <a href="/wiki/Disk_Detective" title="Disk Detective">Disk Detective</a> and <a href="/wiki/Backyard_Worlds" title="Backyard Worlds">Backyard Worlds</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2019, a preliminary catalog was released. The catalog is called CatWISE. This catalog combines the WISE and NEOWISE data and provides photometry at 3.4 and 4.6 μm. It uses the unWISE images and the Allwise pipeline to detect sources. CatWISE includes fainter sources and far more accurate measurement of the <a href="/wiki/Proper_motion" title="Proper motion">motion</a> of objects. The catalog is used to extend the number of discovered brown dwarfs, especially the cold and faint Y dwarfs. CatWISE is led by Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), <a href="/wiki/California_Institute_of_Technology" title="California Institute of Technology">California Institute of Technology</a>, with funding from NASA's Astrophysics Data Analysis Program.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The CatWISE preliminary catalog can be accessed through <a href="/wiki/Infrared_Science_Archive" title="Infrared Science Archive">Infrared Science Archive</a> (IRSA).<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Discovered_objects">Discovered objects</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Discovered objects"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:WISE_1828%2B2650_Brown_dwarf.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/WISE_1828%2B2650_Brown_dwarf.jpg/220px-WISE_1828%2B2650_Brown_dwarf.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/WISE_1828%2B2650_Brown_dwarf.jpg/330px-WISE_1828%2B2650_Brown_dwarf.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/WISE_1828%2B2650_Brown_dwarf.jpg/440px-WISE_1828%2B2650_Brown_dwarf.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4800" data-file-height="3200" /></a><figcaption>WISE discovered the first Y dwarf (artist concept).</figcaption></figure> <p>In addition to numerous comets and minor planets, WISE and NEOWISE discovered many <a href="/wiki/Brown_dwarf" title="Brown dwarf">brown dwarfs</a>, some just a few light years from the solar system; the first <a href="/wiki/Earth_trojan" title="Earth trojan">Earth trojan</a>; and the most luminous galaxies in the universe. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nearby_stars">Nearby stars</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Nearby stars"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nearby stars discovered using WISE within 30 light years: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Object </th> <th>ly </th> <th>Spectral type </th> <th>Constellation </th> <th>Right ascension </th> <th>Declination </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2MASS_J15404342%E2%88%925101357" title="2MASS J15404342−5101357">WISEA J1540–5101</a> </td> <td>17.4 </td> <td>M7 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Norma_(constellation)" title="Norma (constellation)">Norma</a> </td> <td><span class="nowrap">15<sup>h</sup> 40<sup>m</sup> 43.537<sup>s</sup></span> </td> <td>−51° 01′ 35.968″ </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Scholz%27s_Star" title="Scholz's Star">WISE J0720−0846</a> </td> <td>22.2 </td> <td>M9.5+T5.5 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Monoceros" title="Monoceros">Monoceros</a> </td> <td><span class="nowrap">07<sup>h</sup> 20<sup>m</sup> 03.254<sup>s</sup></span> </td> <td>−08° 46′ 49.90″ </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Brown_dwarfs">Brown dwarfs</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Brown dwarfs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The nearest brown dwarfs discovered by WISE within 20 light-years include: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-notice" role="presentation" style="width: auto;"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/20px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/30px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text" style="width: auto;"><div class="mbox-text-span">This list is <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Lists#Incomplete_lists" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Lists">incomplete</a>; you can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer&action=edit">adding missing items</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2020</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th>Object </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Light-year" title="Light-year">ly</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Stellar_classification" title="Stellar classification">Spectral<br />type</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Constellation" title="Constellation">Constellation</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Right_ascension" title="Right ascension">Right<br />ascension</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Declination" title="Declination">Declination</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Luhman_16" title="Luhman 16">Luhman 16</a> </td> <td>6.5</td> <td>L8 + T1</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vela_(constellation)" title="Vela (constellation)">Vela</a> </td> <td><span class="nowrap">10<sup>h</sup> 49<sup>m</sup> 15.57<sup>s</sup></span></td> <td>−53° 19′ 06″ </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/WISE_0855%E2%88%920714" title="WISE 0855−0714">WISE 0855−0714</a> </td> <td>7.3</td> <td>Y</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hydra_(constellation)" title="Hydra (constellation)">Hydra</a> </td> <td><span class="nowrap">8<sup>h</sup> 55<sup>m</sup> 10.83<sup>s</sup></span></td> <td>−7° 14′ 22.5″ </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/WISE_1639%E2%88%926847" title="WISE 1639−6847">WISE 1639-6847</a> </td> <td>15.5</td> <td>Y0pec</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Triangulum_Australe" title="Triangulum Australe">Triangulum Australe</a> </td> <td><span class="nowrap">16<sup>h</sup> 39<sup>m</sup> 40.83<sup>s</sup></span></td> <td>−68° 47′ 38.6″ </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/WISE_J0521%2B1025" title="WISE J0521+1025">WISE J0521+1025</a> </td> <td>16</td> <td>T7.5</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Orion_(constellation)" title="Orion (constellation)">Orion</a> </td> <td><span class="nowrap">05<sup>h</sup> 21<sup>m</sup> 26.349<sup>s</sup></span></td> <td>10° 25′ 27.41″ </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/WISE_1506%2B7027" title="WISE 1506+7027">WISE 1506+7027</a> </td> <td>16.9</td> <td>T6</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ursa_Minor" title="Ursa Minor">Ursa Minor</a> </td> <td><span class="nowrap">15<sup>h</sup> 06<sup>m</sup> 49.89<sup>s</sup></span></td> <td>70° 27′ 36.23″ </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/WISE_0350%E2%88%925658" title="WISE 0350−5658">WISE 0350−5658</a> </td> <td>18</td> <td>Y1</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Reticulum" title="Reticulum">Reticulum</a> </td> <td><span class="nowrap">03<sup>h</sup> 50<sup>m</sup> 00.32<sup>s</sup></span></td> <td>−56° 58′ 30.2″ </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/WISE_1741%2B2553" class="mw-redirect" title="WISE 1741+2553">WISE 1741+2553</a> </td> <td>18</td> <td>T9</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hercules_(constellation)" title="Hercules (constellation)">Hercules</a> </td> <td><span class="nowrap">17<sup>h</sup> 41<sup>m</sup> 24.22<sup>s</sup></span></td> <td>25° 53′ 18.96″ </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/WISE_1541%E2%88%922250" title="WISE 1541−2250">WISE 1541−2250</a> </td> <td>19 <sup id="cite_ref-MartinEtal2018_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MartinEtal2018-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>Y0.5</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Libra_(constellation)" title="Libra (constellation)">Libra</a> </td> <td><span class="nowrap">15<sup>h</sup> 41<sup>m</sup> 51.57<sup>s</sup></span></td> <td>−22° 50′ 25.03″ </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Before the discovery of <a href="/wiki/Luhman_16" title="Luhman 16">Luhman 16</a> in 2013, <a href="/wiki/WISE_1506%2B7027" title="WISE 1506+7027">WISE 1506+7027</a> at a distance of <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7001111000000000000♠"></span>11.1<span style="margin-left:0.3em;"><span style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:-0.3em;vertical-align:-0.4em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:85%;text-align:right;">+2.3<br />−1.3</span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Light-year" title="Light-year">light-years</a> was suspected to be closest brown dwarf on the <a href="/wiki/List_of_nearest_stars" title="List of nearest stars">list of nearest stars</a> <i>(also see <a href="#Map_with_nearby_WISE_stars">§ Map with nearby WISE stars</a>)</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Marsh2012_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marsh2012-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Directly-imaged_exoplanets">Directly-imaged exoplanets</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Directly-imaged exoplanets"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Directly imaged <a href="/wiki/Exoplanet" title="Exoplanet">exoplanets</a> first detected with WISE. See <a href="/wiki/Exoplanet#Definition" title="Exoplanet">Definition of exoplanets</a>: IAU working definition as of 2018 requires M<sub>planet</sub> ≤ 13 <a href="/wiki/Jupiter_mass" title="Jupiter mass"><var>M</var><sub>J</sub></a> and M<sub>planet</sub>/M<sub>central</sub> < 0.04006. M<sub>min</sub> and M<sub>max</sub> are the lower and upper mass limit of the planet in Jupiter masses. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Host name </th> <th>Planet name </th> <th>distance to earth (ly) </th> <th>V-mag host star (mag) </th> <th>projected separation (AU) </th> <th>Mass planet (Mjup) </th> <th>Discovery year </th> <th>Note and reference </th> <th>Planet according to IAU working definition </th></tr> <tr> <td>L 34-26 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/COCONUTS-2b" title="COCONUTS-2b">WISEPA J075108.79-763449.6</a> (COCONUTS-2b) </td> <td>36 </td> <td>11.3 </td> <td>6471 </td> <td>4.4-7.8 </td> <td>2011/2021 </td> <td>first discovered with WISE in 2011, but planet status was established in 2021 by taking the listed <a href="/wiki/Proper_motion" title="Proper motion">proper motion</a> of the planet and matching it with the <a href="/wiki/Gaia_(spacecraft)" title="Gaia (spacecraft)">Gaia</a> proper motion of the star<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>Mmin=4.4<13 <p>M<sub>max</sub>=7.8<13 M<sub>max</sub>/M<sub>central</sub>=0.02<0.04 </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>BD+60 1417 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/BD%2B60_1417b" title="BD+60 1417b">CWISER J124332.12+600126.2</a> (BD+60 1417 b) </td> <td>144 </td> <td>9.4 </td> <td>1662 </td> <td>10-20 </td> <td>2021 </td> <td>Only the minimum mass is within the IAU working definition<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>M<sub>min</sub>=10<13 <p>M<sub>max</sub>=20>13 M<sub>max</sub>/M<sub>central</sub>=0.019<0.04 </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td>GJ 900 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/CW2335%2B0142" class="mw-redirect" title="CW2335+0142">CW2335+0142</a> </td> <td>68 </td> <td>9.5 </td> <td>12000 </td> <td>10.5 </td> <td>2024 </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>M<sub>planet</sub>=10.5<13 <p>M<sub>planet</sub>/M<sub>central</sub>=0.009<0.04 </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/2MASS_J05581644%E2%80%934501559" title="2MASS J05581644–4501559">2MASS J05581644–4501559</a> </td> <td>CWISE J055816.67-450233.4 <p>(0558 B) </p> </td> <td>88 </td> <td>14.9 </td> <td>1043 </td> <td>6-12 </td> <td>2024 </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>M<sub>max</sub>=12<13 <p>M<sub>max</sub>/M<sub>central</sub>=? </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Disks_and_young_stars">Disks and young stars</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Disks and young stars"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The sensitivity of WISE in the infrared enabled the discovery of disk around young stars and old <a href="/wiki/White_dwarf" title="White dwarf">white dwarf</a> systems. These discoveries usually require a combination of optical, near infrared and WISE or Spitzer mid-infrared observations. Examples are the red dwarf <a href="/wiki/WISE_J080822.18-644357.3" title="WISE J080822.18-644357.3">WISE J080822.18-644357.3</a>, the brown dwarf <a href="/wiki/WISEA_J120037.79-784508.3" title="WISEA J120037.79-784508.3">WISEA J120037.79-784508.3</a> and the white dwarf <a href="/wiki/LSPM_J0207%2B3331" title="LSPM J0207+3331">LSPM J0207+3331</a>. The NASA citizen science project <a href="/wiki/Disk_Detective" title="Disk Detective">Disk Detective</a> is using WISE data. Additionally researchers used NEOWISE to discover erupting <a href="/wiki/Young_stellar_object" title="Young stellar object">young stellar objects</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nebulae">Nebulae</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Nebulae"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Researchers discovered a few nebulae using WISE. Such as the type Iax remnant <a href="/wiki/IRAS_00500%2B6713" title="IRAS 00500+6713">Pa 30</a>. Nebulae around the massive <a href="/wiki/Blue_giant" title="Blue giant">B-type</a> stars <a href="/w/index.php?title=BD%2B60%C2%B0_2668&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="BD+60° 2668 (page does not exist)">BD+60° 2668</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=ALS_19653&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ALS 19653 (page does not exist)">ALS 19653</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> an obscured shell around the <a href="/wiki/Wolf%E2%80%93Rayet_star" title="Wolf–Rayet star">Wolf-Rayet star</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=WR_35&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WR 35 (page does not exist)">WR 35</a><sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a halo around the <a href="/wiki/Helix_Nebula" title="Helix Nebula">Helix Nebula</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Planetary_nebula" title="Planetary nebula">planetary nebula</a><sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> were also discovered with WISE. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Extragalactic_discoveries">Extragalactic discoveries</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Extragalactic discoveries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Active_galactic_nucleus" title="Active galactic nucleus">Active galactic nuclei</a> (AGN) can be identified from their mid-infrared color. One work used for example a combination of <a href="/wiki/Gaia_(spacecraft)" title="Gaia (spacecraft)">Gaia</a> and unWISE data to identify AGNs.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Luminous_infrared_galaxy" title="Luminous infrared galaxy">Luminous infrared galaxies</a> can be detected in the infrared. One study used <a href="/wiki/Sloan_Digital_Sky_Survey" title="Sloan Digital Sky Survey">SDSS</a> and WISE to identify such galaxies.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> NEOWISE observed the entire sky for more than 10 years and can be used to find <a href="/wiki/Time-domain_astronomy" title="Time-domain astronomy">transient events</a>. Some of these discovered transients are <a href="/wiki/Tidal_disruption_event" title="Tidal disruption event">Tidal Disruption Events</a> (TDE) in galaxies<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and infrared detection of <a href="/wiki/Supernova" title="Supernova">supernovae</a> similar to <a href="/wiki/SN_2010jl" title="SN 2010jl">SN 2010jl</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Minor_planets">Minor planets</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Minor planets"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PIA23792-1600x1200(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/PIA23792-1600x1200%281%29.jpg/220px-PIA23792-1600x1200%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/PIA23792-1600x1200%281%29.jpg/330px-PIA23792-1600x1200%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/PIA23792-1600x1200%281%29.jpg/440px-PIA23792-1600x1200%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Discovery image of comet C/2020 F3 (NEOWISE)</figcaption></figure><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For a more comprehensive list, see <a href="/wiki/List_of_minor_planets_discovered_using_the_WISE_spacecraft" title="List of minor planets discovered using the WISE spacecraft">List of minor planets discovered using the WISE spacecraft</a>.</div> <p>WISE is credited with discovering 3,088 numbered minor planets.<sup id="cite_ref-MPC-Discoverers_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MPC-Discoverers-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Examples of the mission's numbered minor planet discoveries include: </p> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(310071)_2010_KR59" title="(310071) 2010 KR59">(310071) 2010 KR<span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;"><span style="font-size:80%;">59</span></span></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(336756)_2010_NV1" title="(336756) 2010 NV1">(336756) 2010 NV<span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;"><span style="font-size:80%;">1</span></span></a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/(419624)_2010_SO16" title="(419624) 2010 SO16">(419624) 2010 SO<span style="position: relative; top: 0.3em;"><span style="font-size:80%;">16</span></span></a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Comet_C/2020_F3_(NEOWISE)"><span id="Comet_C.2F2020_F3_.28NEOWISE.29"></span>Comet C/2020 F3 (NEOWISE)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Comet C/2020 F3 (NEOWISE)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 27 March 2020, the comet <a href="/wiki/Comet_NEOWISE" title="Comet NEOWISE">C/2020 F3 (NEOWISE)</a> was discovered by the WISE spacecraft. It eventually became a naked-eye comet and was widely photographed by professional and amateur astronomers. It was the brightest comet visible in the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Hemisphere" title="Northern Hemisphere">northern hemisphere</a> since comet <a href="/wiki/Comet_Hale%E2%80%93Bopp" title="Comet Hale–Bopp">Hale-Bopp</a> in 1997. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Full_sky_views_by_WISE">Full sky views by WISE</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Full sky views by WISE"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 400px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 398px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:WISE_full_sky.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A full-sky view with infrared wavelengths rendered in visible light"><img alt="A full-sky view with infrared wavelengths rendered in visible light" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/WISE_full_sky.jpg/597px-WISE_full_sky.jpg" decoding="async" width="398" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/WISE_full_sky.jpg/895px-WISE_full_sky.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/WISE_full_sky.jpg/1193px-WISE_full_sky.jpg 2x" data-file-width="10000" data-file-height="5030" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A full-sky view with infrared wavelengths rendered in visible light</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 403.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 401.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PIA15812_-_Galaxies_burn_bright_like_high-wattage_light_bulbs_(crop).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Same full-sky view, highlighting hot, dust-obscured galaxies"><img alt="Same full-sky view, highlighting hot, dust-obscured galaxies" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/PIA15812_-_Galaxies_burn_bright_like_high-wattage_light_bulbs_%28crop%29.jpg/602px-PIA15812_-_Galaxies_burn_bright_like_high-wattage_light_bulbs_%28crop%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="402" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/PIA15812_-_Galaxies_burn_bright_like_high-wattage_light_bulbs_%28crop%29.jpg/902px-PIA15812_-_Galaxies_burn_bright_like_high-wattage_light_bulbs_%28crop%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/PIA15812_-_Galaxies_burn_bright_like_high-wattage_light_bulbs_%28crop%29.jpg/1203px-PIA15812_-_Galaxies_burn_bright_like_high-wattage_light_bulbs_%28crop%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5986" data-file-height="2988" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Same full-sky view, highlighting <a href="/wiki/Hot,_dust-obscured_galaxies" class="mw-redirect" title="Hot, dust-obscured galaxies">hot, dust-obscured galaxies</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Selected_images_by_WISE">Selected images by WISE</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Selected images by WISE"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 132px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:WISE-_Andromeda.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wide-field infrared view of the Andromeda Galaxy using all four infrared detectors"><img alt="Wide-field infrared view of the Andromeda Galaxy using all four infrared detectors" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/WISE-_Andromeda.jpg/195px-WISE-_Andromeda.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/WISE-_Andromeda.jpg/293px-WISE-_Andromeda.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/WISE-_Andromeda.jpg/390px-WISE-_Andromeda.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6666" data-file-height="6666" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Wide-field infrared view of the <a href="/wiki/Andromeda_Galaxy" title="Andromeda Galaxy">Andromeda Galaxy</a> using all four infrared detectors</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 132px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:IC_342.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="IC 342, a normally obscured galaxy visible through infrared imaging"><img alt="IC 342, a normally obscured galaxy visible through infrared imaging" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/IC_342.jpg/195px-IC_342.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/IC_342.jpg/293px-IC_342.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/IC_342.jpg/390px-IC_342.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1963" data-file-height="1963" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/IC_342" title="IC 342">IC 342</a>, a normally obscured galaxy visible through infrared imaging</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 134.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 132.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:WISE2010-040-rotate180.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The green dot is WISE 0458+6434, which is thought to consist of two T-class brown dwarfs"><img alt="The green dot is WISE 0458+6434, which is thought to consist of two T-class brown dwarfs" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/WISE2010-040-rotate180.jpg/199px-WISE2010-040-rotate180.jpg" decoding="async" width="133" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/WISE2010-040-rotate180.jpg/299px-WISE2010-040-rotate180.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/WISE2010-040-rotate180.jpg/397px-WISE2010-040-rotate180.jpg 2x" data-file-width="534" data-file-height="524" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The green dot is <a href="/wiki/WISEPC_J045853.90%2B643451.9" class="mw-redirect" title="WISEPC J045853.90+643451.9">WISE 0458+6434</a>, which is thought to consist of two T-class brown dwarfs</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 132px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Runaway-star-zeta-ophiuchi-110125.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The runaway star Zeta Ophiuchi and the bow shock formed by this massive star"><img alt="The runaway star Zeta Ophiuchi and the bow shock formed by this massive star" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Runaway-star-zeta-ophiuchi-110125.jpg/195px-Runaway-star-zeta-ophiuchi-110125.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Runaway-star-zeta-ophiuchi-110125.jpg/293px-Runaway-star-zeta-ophiuchi-110125.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Runaway-star-zeta-ophiuchi-110125.jpg/390px-Runaway-star-zeta-ophiuchi-110125.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4095" data-file-height="4095" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The <a href="/wiki/Stellar_kinematics#Runaway_stars" title="Stellar kinematics">runaway star</a> <a href="/wiki/Zeta_Ophiuchi" title="Zeta Ophiuchi">Zeta Ophiuchi</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Bow_shock" title="Bow shock">bow shock</a> formed by this massive star</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 106.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 104.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Puppis_A_-_WISE_-_609623main_pia14884-full_full.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Puppis A, which is a supernova remnant"><img alt="Puppis A, which is a supernova remnant" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Puppis_A_-_WISE_-_609623main_pia14884-full_full.jpg/157px-Puppis_A_-_WISE_-_609623main_pia14884-full_full.jpg" decoding="async" width="105" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Puppis_A_-_WISE_-_609623main_pia14884-full_full.jpg/236px-Puppis_A_-_WISE_-_609623main_pia14884-full_full.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Puppis_A_-_WISE_-_609623main_pia14884-full_full.jpg/314px-Puppis_A_-_WISE_-_609623main_pia14884-full_full.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4750" data-file-height="5900" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Puppis_A" title="Puppis A">Puppis A</a>, which is a <a href="/wiki/Supernova_remnant" title="Supernova remnant">supernova remnant</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 130.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 128.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Infrared_Rho_Ophiuchi_Complex.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Rho Ophiuchi cloud complex"><img alt="The Rho Ophiuchi cloud complex" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Infrared_Rho_Ophiuchi_Complex.jpg/193px-Infrared_Rho_Ophiuchi_Complex.jpg" decoding="async" width="129" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Infrared_Rho_Ophiuchi_Complex.jpg/290px-Infrared_Rho_Ophiuchi_Complex.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Infrared_Rho_Ophiuchi_Complex.jpg/386px-Infrared_Rho_Ophiuchi_Complex.jpg 2x" data-file-width="10000" data-file-height="10093" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The <a href="/wiki/Rho_Ophiuchi_cloud_complex" title="Rho Ophiuchi cloud complex">Rho Ophiuchi cloud complex</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 132px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PIA13451.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lambda Centauri nebula, a star-forming region in the Milky Way"><img alt="Lambda Centauri nebula, a star-forming region in the Milky Way" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/PIA13451.jpg/195px-PIA13451.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/PIA13451.jpg/293px-PIA13451.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/PIA13451.jpg/390px-PIA13451.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3700" data-file-height="3700" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/IC_2944" title="IC 2944">Lambda Centauri nebula</a>, a star-forming region in the Milky Way</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 132px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Helix_Nebula_unWISE.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Helix Nebula, a planetary nebula"><img alt="The Helix Nebula, a planetary nebula" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Helix_Nebula_unWISE.jpg/195px-Helix_Nebula_unWISE.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Helix_Nebula_unWISE.jpg/293px-Helix_Nebula_unWISE.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Helix_Nebula_unWISE.jpg/390px-Helix_Nebula_unWISE.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The <a href="/wiki/Helix_Nebula" title="Helix Nebula">Helix Nebula</a>, a planetary nebula</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 132px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 130px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PIA19341-MilkyWayGalaxy-SpiralArmsData-WISE-20150603.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="WISE data used to trace the Milky Way's spiral arms"><img alt="WISE data used to trace the Milky Way's spiral arms" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/PIA19341-MilkyWayGalaxy-SpiralArmsData-WISE-20150603.jpg/195px-PIA19341-MilkyWayGalaxy-SpiralArmsData-WISE-20150603.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/PIA19341-MilkyWayGalaxy-SpiralArmsData-WISE-20150603.jpg/293px-PIA19341-MilkyWayGalaxy-SpiralArmsData-WISE-20150603.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/PIA19341-MilkyWayGalaxy-SpiralArmsData-WISE-20150603.jpg/390px-PIA19341-MilkyWayGalaxy-SpiralArmsData-WISE-20150603.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1308" data-file-height="1308" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">WISE data used to trace the <a href="/wiki/Milky_Way" title="Milky Way">Milky Way</a><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'s</span> <a href="/wiki/Spiral_galaxy#Spiral_arms" title="Spiral galaxy">spiral arms</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 233.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 231.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Exposing_the_Milky_Way%27s_%22X%22.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="X-shape of the Milky Way bulge revealed by WISE"><img alt="X-shape of the Milky Way bulge revealed by WISE" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Exposing_the_Milky_Way%27s_%22X%22.jpg/347px-Exposing_the_Milky_Way%27s_%22X%22.jpg" decoding="async" width="232" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Exposing_the_Milky_Way%27s_%22X%22.jpg/521px-Exposing_the_Milky_Way%27s_%22X%22.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Exposing_the_Milky_Way%27s_%22X%22.jpg/694px-Exposing_the_Milky_Way%27s_%22X%22.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">X-shape of the Milky Way <a href="/wiki/Galactic_bulge" title="Galactic bulge">bulge</a> revealed by WISE</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Map_with_nearby_WISE_stars">Map with nearby WISE stars</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Map with nearby WISE stars"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PIA18003-NASA-WISE-StarsNearSun-20140425-2_correction.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/PIA18003-NASA-WISE-StarsNearSun-20140425-2_correction.png/500px-PIA18003-NASA-WISE-StarsNearSun-20140425-2_correction.png" decoding="async" width="500" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/PIA18003-NASA-WISE-StarsNearSun-20140425-2_correction.png/750px-PIA18003-NASA-WISE-StarsNearSun-20140425-2_correction.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/PIA18003-NASA-WISE-StarsNearSun-20140425-2_correction.png/1000px-PIA18003-NASA-WISE-StarsNearSun-20140425-2_correction.png 2x" data-file-width="1386" data-file-height="831" /></a><figcaption>Nearby stars with WISE discoveries WISE 0855−0714 and Luhman 16 (WISE 1049−5319)</figcaption></figure> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_program" class="mw-redirect" title="Explorer program">Explorer program</a> – Ongoing NASA space exploration program<span style="display:none" class="category-annotation-with-redirected-description">Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infrared_astronomy" title="Infrared astronomy">Infrared astronomy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_infrared_telescopes" title="List of largest infrared telescopes">List of largest infrared telescopes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nemesis_(hypothetical_star)" title="Nemesis (hypothetical star)">Nemesis (hypothetical star)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyche_(hypothetical_planet)" title="Tyche (hypothetical planet)">Tyche (hypothetical planet)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NEO_Surveyor" title="NEO Surveyor">NEO Surveyor</a>, a successor to NEOWISE</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wide-field_Infrared_Survey_Explorer&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist 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colspan="3"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_Explorers_Program_missions" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Explorers Program missions">List of Explorers Program missions</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Missions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">1958–1992</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_1" title="Explorer 1">Explorer 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_2" title="Explorer 2">2</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_3" title="Explorer 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_4" title="Explorer 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_5" title="Explorer 5">5</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-1_(satellite)" class="mw-redirect" title="S-1 (satellite)">S-1</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_6" title="Explorer 6">6 (S-2)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_7" title="Explorer 7">7 (S-1A)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-46A" class="mw-redirect" title="S-46A">S-46A</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_8" title="Explorer 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-56_(satellite)" class="mw-redirect" title="S-56 (satellite)">S-56</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_9" title="Explorer 9">9 (S-56A)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-45_(satellite)" class="mw-redirect" title="S-45 (satellite)">S-45</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_10" title="Explorer 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_11" title="Explorer 11">11 (S-15)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-45A" class="mw-redirect" title="S-45A">S-45A</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-55_(satellite)" class="mw-redirect" title="S-55 (satellite)">S-55</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_12" title="Explorer 12">12 (EPE-A)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_13" title="Explorer 13">13 (S-55A)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_14" title="Explorer 14">14 (EPE-B)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_15" title="Explorer 15">15 (EPE-C)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_16" title="Explorer 16">16 (S-55B)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_17" title="Explorer 17">17 (AE-A)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_18" title="Explorer 18">18 (IMP-A)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_19" title="Explorer 19">19 (AD-A)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-66A" class="mw-redirect" title="S-66A">S-66A (BE-A)</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_20" title="Explorer 20">20 (IE-A)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_21" title="Explorer 21">21 (IMP-B)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_22" title="Explorer 22">22 (BE-B)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_23" title="Explorer 23">23 (S-55C)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_24" title="Explorer 24">24 (AD-B)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Injun_(satellite)" title="Injun (satellite)">25 (Injun 4, IE-B)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_26" title="Explorer 26">26 (EPE-D)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_27" title="Explorer 27">27 (BE-C)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_28" title="Explorer 28">28 (IMP-C)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_29" title="Explorer 29">29 (GEOS-A)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solrad_8" class="mw-redirect" title="Solrad 8">30 (Solrad 8)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_31" title="Explorer 31">31 (DME-A)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_32" title="Explorer 32">32 (AE-B)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_33" title="Explorer 33">33 (IMP-D)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_34" title="Explorer 34">34 (IMP-F)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_35" title="Explorer 35">35 (IMP-E)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_36" title="Explorer 36">36 (GEOS-B)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solrad_9" class="mw-redirect" title="Solrad 9">37 (Solrad 9)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_38" title="Explorer 38">38 (RAE-A)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_39" title="Explorer 39">39 (AD-C)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Injun_(satellite)" title="Injun (satellite)">40 (Injun 5)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_41" title="Explorer 41">41 (IMP-G)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uhuru_(satellite)" title="Uhuru (satellite)">42 (Uhuru, SAS-A)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_43" title="Explorer 43">43 (IMP-I)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solrad_10" class="mw-redirect" title="Solrad 10">44 (Solrad 10)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_45" title="Explorer 45">45 (SSS-A)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_46" title="Explorer 46">46 (MTS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_47" title="Explorer 47">47 (IMP-H)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_Astronomy_Satellite_2" title="Small Astronomy Satellite 2">48 (SAS-B)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_49" title="Explorer 49">49 (RAE-B)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_50" title="Explorer 50">50 (IMP-J)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_51" title="Explorer 51">51 (AE-C)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_52" title="Explorer 52">52 (Hawkeye 1)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_Astronomy_Satellite_3" title="Small Astronomy Satellite 3">53 (SAS-C)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_54" title="Explorer 54">54 (AE-D)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_55" title="Explorer 55">55 (AE-E)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DADE-A" class="mw-redirect" title="DADE-A">DADE-A</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DADE-B" class="mw-redirect" title="DADE-B">DADE-B</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISEE-1" title="ISEE-1">56 (ISEE-1)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Ultraviolet_Explorer" title="International Ultraviolet Explorer">57 (IUE)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heat_Capacity_Mapping_Mission" title="Heat Capacity Mapping Mission">58 (HCMM)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Cometary_Explorer" title="International Cometary Explorer">59 (ICE)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_60" title="Explorer 60">60 (SAGE)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magsat" class="mw-redirect" title="Magsat">61 (Magsat)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynamics_Explorer" title="Dynamics Explorer">62 (DE-1)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynamics_Explorer" title="Dynamics Explorer">63 (DE-2)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_Mesosphere_Explorer" title="Solar Mesosphere Explorer">64 (SME)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charge_Composition_Explorer" class="mw-redirect" title="Charge Composition Explorer">65 (CCE)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmic_Background_Explorer" title="Cosmic Background Explorer">66 (COBE)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_Ultraviolet_Explorer" title="Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer">67 (EUVE)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Medium class<br />(since 1992)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rossi_X-ray_Timing_Explorer" title="Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer">69 (RXTE)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Composition_Explorer" title="Advanced Composition Explorer"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgreen">71 (ACE)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Far_Ultraviolet_Spectroscopic_Explorer" title="Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer">77 (FUSE)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IMAGE_(spacecraft)" title="IMAGE (spacecraft)">78 (IMAGE)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilkinson_Microwave_Anisotropy_Probe" title="Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe">80 (WMAP)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Full-sky_Astrometric_Mapping_Explorer" title="Full-sky Astrometric Mapping Explorer"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">FAME</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Gehrels_Swift_Observatory" title="Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgreen">84 (Swift)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/THEMIS" title="THEMIS"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgreen">85–89 (THEMIS)</span></a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgreen">92 (WISE)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transiting_Exoplanet_Survey_Satellite" title="Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgreen">95 (TESS)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ionospheric_Connection_Explorer" title="Ionospheric Connection Explorer"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgreen">96 (ICON)</span></a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/SPHEREx" title="SPHEREx">SPHEREx</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Multi-slit_Solar_Explorer" title="Multi-slit Solar Explorer">MUSE</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/HelioSwarm" title="HelioSwarm">HelioSwarm</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/UVEX" title="UVEX">UVEX</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Small class<br />(since 1992)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Solar_Anomalous_and_Magnetospheric_Particle_Explorer" title="Solar Anomalous and Magnetospheric Particle Explorer">68 (SAMPEX)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fast_Auroral_Snapshot_Explorer" class="mw-redirect" title="Fast Auroral Snapshot Explorer">70 (FAST)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TRACE" title="TRACE">73 (TRACE)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submillimeter_Wave_Astronomy_Satellite" title="Submillimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite">74 (SWAS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wide_Field_Infrared_Explorer" title="Wide Field Infrared Explorer">75 (WIRE)</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reuven_Ramaty_High_Energy_Solar_Spectroscopic_Imager" title="Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager">81 (RHESSI)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GALEX" title="GALEX">83 (GALEX)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aeronomy_of_Ice_in_the_Mesosphere" title="Aeronomy of Ice in the Mesosphere"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgreen">90 (AIM)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interstellar_Boundary_Explorer" title="Interstellar Boundary Explorer"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgreen">91 (IBEX)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NuSTAR" title="NuSTAR"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgreen">93 (NuSTAR)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interface_Region_Imaging_Spectrograph" title="Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgreen">94 (IRIS)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravity_and_Extreme_Magnetism" class="mw-redirect" title="Gravity and Extreme Magnetism"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">GEMS</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imaging_X-ray_Polarimetry_Explorer" class="mw-redirect" title="Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgreen">97 (IXPE)</span></a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Polarimeter_to_Unify_the_Corona_and_Heliosphere" title="Polarimeter to Unify the Corona and Heliosphere">PUNCH</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tandem_Reconnection_and_Cusp_Electrodynamics_Reconnaissance_Satellites" title="Tandem Reconnection and Cusp Electrodynamics Reconnaissance Satellites">TRACERS</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Compton_Spectrometer_and_Imager" title="Compton Spectrometer and Imager">COSI</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">University-class/<br />Missions of opportunity/<br />International missions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/High_Energy_Transient_Explorer" class="mw-redirect" title="High Energy Transient Explorer">HETE-1</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Student_Nitric_Oxide_Explorer" title="Student Nitric Oxide Explorer">72 (SNOE)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TERRIERS" class="mw-redirect" title="TERRIERS">76 (TERRIERS)</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Energy_Transient_Explorer" class="mw-redirect" title="High Energy Transient Explorer">79 (HETE-2)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/INTEGRAL" title="INTEGRAL"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgreen">INTEGRAL</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CHIPSat" class="mw-redirect" title="CHIPSat">82 (CHIPSat)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CINDI" title="CINDI">CINDI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suzaku_(satellite)" title="Suzaku (satellite)">Suzaku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TWINS" title="TWINS"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgreen">TWINS</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hitomi_(satellite)" title="Hitomi (satellite)">Hitomi</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neutron_Star_Interior_Composition_Explorer" title="Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgreen">NICER</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global-scale_Observations_of_the_Limb_and_Disk" title="Global-scale Observations of the Limb and Disk"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgreen">GOLD</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X-Ray_Imaging_and_Spectroscopy_Mission" title="X-Ray Imaging and Spectroscopy Mission"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgreen">XRISM</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GUSTO_(telescope)" title="GUSTO (telescope)">GUSTO</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Atmospheric_Waves_Experiment" title="Atmospheric Waves Experiment">AWE</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sun_Radio_Interferometer_Space_Experiment" title="Sun Radio Interferometer Space Experiment">SunRISE</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Electrojet_Zeeman_Imaging_Explorer" title="Electrojet Zeeman Imaging Explorer">EZIE</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Contribution_to_ARIEL_Spectroscopy_of_Exoplanets" title="Contribution to ARIEL Spectroscopy of Exoplanets">CASE</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Transiting_Exoplanet_Survey_Satellite_artist_concept_(transparent_background).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Transiting_Exoplanet_Survey_Satellite_artist_concept_%28transparent_background%29.png/150px-Transiting_Exoplanet_Survey_Satellite_artist_concept_%28transparent_background%29.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Transiting_Exoplanet_Survey_Satellite_artist_concept_%28transparent_background%29.png/225px-Transiting_Exoplanet_Survey_Satellite_artist_concept_%28transparent_background%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Transiting_Exoplanet_Survey_Satellite_artist_concept_%28transparent_background%29.png/300px-Transiting_Exoplanet_Survey_Satellite_artist_concept_%28transparent_background%29.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="850" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">Proposals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arcus_(satellite)" title="Arcus (satellite)">Arcus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atmosphere-Space_Transition_Region_Explorer" title="Atmosphere-Space Transition Region Explorer">ASTRE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extreme-ultraviolet_Stellar_Characterization_for_Atmospheric_Physics_and_Evolution" title="Extreme-ultraviolet Stellar Characterization for Atmospheric Physics and Evolution">ESCAPE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exoplanetary_Circumstellar_Environments_and_Disk_Explorer" title="Exoplanetary Circumstellar Environments and Disk Explorer">EXCEDE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fast_Infrared_Exoplanet_Spectroscopy_Survey_Explorer" title="Fast Infrared Exoplanet Spectroscopy Survey Explorer">FINESSE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Observatory_for_Heteroscale_Magnetosphere-Ionosphere_Coupling" title="Observatory for Heteroscale Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling">OHMIC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgreen">Green titles</span> indicates active current missions</li> <li><span class="tmp-color" style="color:grey">Grey titles</span> indicates cancelled missions</li> <li><i>Italics</i> indicate missions yet to launch</li> <li>Symbol <sup>†</sup> indicates failure en route or before intended mission data returned</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Space_telescopes301" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Space_observatories" title="Template:Space observatories"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Space_observatories" title="Template talk:Space observatories"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Space_observatories" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Space observatories"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Space_telescopes301" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Space_telescope" title="Space telescope">Space telescopes</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Operating</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Radio_astronomy" title="Radio astronomy">Radio and Microwave</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chang%27e_4#Science_payloads" title="Chang'e 4">NCLE</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2018)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_Orbiter" title="Solar Orbiter">Solar Orbiter</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2020)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STEREO" title="STEREO">STEREO</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2006)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queqiao_relay_satellite" class="mw-redirect" title="Queqiao relay satellite">Queqiao</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2018)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wind_(spacecraft)" title="Wind (spacecraft)">Wind</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 1994)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queqiao-2_relay_satellite" class="mw-redirect" title="Queqiao-2 relay satellite">Queqiao 2</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2024)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Infrared_telescope" title="Infrared telescope">Infrared</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Odin_(satellite)" title="Odin (satellite)">Odin</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2001)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SOLAR_(ISS)" title="SOLAR (ISS)">SOLAR</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2008)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Webb_Space_Telescope" title="James Webb Space Telescope">James Webb</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2022)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Optical_telescope" title="Optical telescope">Optical</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stars-AO" title="Stars-AO">Aoi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2018)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrosat" class="mw-redirect" title="Astrosat">Astrosat</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2015)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BRITE" title="BRITE">BRITE</a> constellation <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2013)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_H-alpha_Solar_Explorer" title="Chinese H-alpha Solar Explorer">CHASE</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2021)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CHEOPS" title="CHEOPS">CHEOPS</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2019)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep_Space_Climate_Observatory" title="Deep Space Climate Observatory">DSCOVR</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2015)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euclid_(spacecraft)" title="Euclid (spacecraft)">Euclid</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2023)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hayabusa2#Mission_extension" title="Hayabusa2">Hayabusa2</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2021)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaia_(spacecraft)" title="Gaia (spacecraft)">Gaia</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2013)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HiRISE" title="HiRISE">HiRISE</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2005)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubble_Space_Telescope" title="Hubble Space Telescope">Hubble</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 1990)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinode_(satellite)" title="Hinode (satellite)">Hinode (Solar-B)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2006)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Near_Earth_Object_Surveillance_Satellite" title="Near Earth Object Surveillance Satellite">NEOSSat</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2013)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odin_(satellite)" title="Odin (satellite)">Odin</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2001)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_Dynamics_Observatory" title="Solar Dynamics Observatory">SDO</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2010)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_and_Heliospheric_Observatory" title="Solar and Heliospheric Observatory">SOHO</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 1995)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SOLAR_(ISS)" title="SOLAR (ISS)">SOLAR</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2008)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Gehrels_Swift_Observatory" title="Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory">Swift</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2004)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transiting_Exoplanet_Survey_Satellite" title="Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite">TESS</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2018)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PROBA-3" title="PROBA-3">PROBA-3</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2024)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ultraviolet_astronomy" title="Ultraviolet astronomy">Ultraviolet</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aditya-L1" title="Aditya-L1">Aditya-L1</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2023)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Space-based_Solar_Observatory" title="Advanced Space-based Solar Observatory">ASO-S</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2022)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrosat" class="mw-redirect" title="Astrosat">Astrosat</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2015)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hibari_(satellite)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hibari (satellite)">Hibari</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2021)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinode_(satellite)" title="Hinode (satellite)">Hinode (Solar-B)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2006)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interface_Region_Imaging_Spectrograph" title="Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph">IRIS</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2013)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_Dynamics_Observatory" title="Solar Dynamics Observatory">SDO</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2010)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_and_Heliospheric_Observatory" title="Solar and Heliospheric Observatory">SOHO</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 1995)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SOLAR_(ISS)" title="SOLAR (ISS)">SOLAR</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2008)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_Orbiter" title="Solar Orbiter">Solar Orbiter</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2020)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STEREO" title="STEREO">STEREO</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2006)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Gehrels_Swift_Observatory" title="Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory">Swift</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2004)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PROBA-3" title="PROBA-3">PROBA-3</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2024)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/X-ray_astronomy" title="X-ray astronomy">X-ray</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gamma-ray_astronomy" title="Gamma-ray astronomy">Gamma-ray</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calorimetric_Electron_Telescope" title="Calorimetric Electron Telescope">CALET</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2015)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandra_X-ray_Observatory" title="Chandra X-ray Observatory">Chandra (AXAF)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 1999)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_Matter_Particle_Explorer" title="Dark Matter Particle Explorer">DAMPE</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2015)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Einstein_Probe" title="Einstein Probe">Einstein Probe</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2024)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hard_X-ray_Modulation_Telescope" title="Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope">HXMT (Insight)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2017)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/INTEGRAL" title="INTEGRAL">INTEGRAL</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2002)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fermi_Gamma-ray_Space_Telescope" title="Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope">Fermi</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2008)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravitational_Wave_High-energy_Electromagnetic_Counterpart_All-sky_Monitor" title="Gravitational Wave High-energy Electromagnetic Counterpart All-sky Monitor">GECAM</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2020)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IXPE" title="IXPE">IXPE</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2021)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spektr-RG" title="Spektr-RG">Spektr-RG</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2019)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Variable_Objects_Monitor" title="Space Variable Objects Monitor">SVOM</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2024)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Gehrels_Swift_Observatory" title="Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory">Swift</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2004)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Valier_(satellite)" title="Max Valier (satellite)">Max Valier Sat</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2017)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MAXI_(ISS_Experiment)" class="mw-redirect" title="MAXI (ISS Experiment)">MAXI</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2009)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miniature_X-ray_Solar_Spectrometer_CubeSat" title="Miniature X-ray Solar Spectrometer CubeSat">MinXSS-2</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2018)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neutron_Star_Interior_Composition_Explorer" title="Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer">NICER</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2017)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NuSTAR" title="NuSTAR">NuSTAR</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2012)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lobster_Eye_Imager_for_Astronomy" title="Lobster Eye Imager for Astronomy">LEIA</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2022)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X-Ray_Imaging_and_Spectroscopy_Mission" title="X-Ray Imaging and Spectroscopy Mission">XRISM</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2023)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XPoSat" title="XPoSat">XPoSat</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2024)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XMM-Newton" title="XMM-Newton">XMM-Newton</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 1999)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other (particle<br />or unclassified)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Composition_Explorer" title="Advanced Composition Explorer">ACE</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 1997)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Magnetic_Spectrometer" title="Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer">AMS-02</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2011)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calorimetric_Electron_Telescope" title="Calorimetric Electron Telescope">CALET</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2015)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_Matter_Particle_Explorer" title="Dark Matter Particle Explorer">DAMPE</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2015)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interstellar_Boundary_Explorer" title="Interstellar Boundary Explorer">IBEX</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2008)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmic_Ray_Energetics_and_Mass_Experiment#ISS-CREAM" title="Cosmic Ray Energetics and Mass Experiment">ISS-CREAM</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2017)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JEM-EUSO" title="JEM-EUSO">Mini-EUSO</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2019)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_and_Heliospheric_Observatory" title="Solar and Heliospheric Observatory">SOHO</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 1995)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_Orbiter" title="Solar Orbiter">Solar Orbiter</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2020)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STEREO" title="STEREO">STEREO</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2006)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Planned</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PETREL" title="PETREL">PETREL</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2025)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SPHEREx" title="SPHEREx">SPHEREx</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2025)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JEM-EUSO" title="JEM-EUSO">K-EUSO</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2026)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Grace_Roman_Space_Telescope" title="Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope">Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2026)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PLATO_(spacecraft)" title="PLATO (spacecraft)">PLATO</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2026)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xuntian" title="Xuntian">Xuntian</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2026)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compton_Spectrometer_and_Imager" title="Compton Spectrometer and Imager">COSI</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2027)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luna_26#Scientific_payload" title="Luna 26">LORD</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2027)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NEO_Surveyor" title="NEO Surveyor">NEO Surveyor</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2027)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JASMINE_(satellite)" class="mw-redirect" title="JASMINE (satellite)">JASMINE</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2028)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar-C_EUVST" class="mw-redirect" title="Solar-C EUVST">Solar-C EUVST</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2028)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ARIEL" title="ARIEL">ARIEL</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2029)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spektr-UV" title="Spektr-UV">Spektr-UV</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2030)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UVEX" title="UVEX">UVEX</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2030)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spektr-M" title="Spektr-M">Spektr-M</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2030+)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LiteBIRD" title="LiteBIRD">LiteBIRD</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2032)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taiji_Program_in_Space" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiji Program in Space">Taiji</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2033)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Telescope_for_High_Energy_Astrophysics" title="Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics">Athena</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2035)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laser_Interferometer_Space_Antenna" title="Laser Interferometer Space Antenna">LISA</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2035)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_proposed_space_observatories" class="mw-redirect" title="List of proposed space observatories">Proposed</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arcus_(satellite)" title="Arcus (satellite)">Arcus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Astro-1_Telescope&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Astro-1 Telescope (page does not exist)">Astro-1 Telescope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AstroSat-2" title="AstroSat-2">AstroSat-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exoplanetary_Circumstellar_Environments_and_Disk_Explorer" title="Exoplanetary Circumstellar Environments and Disk Explorer">EXCEDE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fresnel_Imager" class="mw-redirect" title="Fresnel Imager">Fresnel Imager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FOCAL_(spacecraft)" title="FOCAL (spacecraft)">FOCAL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galileo_Solar_Space_Telescope" title="Galileo Solar Space Telescope">GSST-PMM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habitable_Exoplanets_Observatory" title="Habitable Exoplanets Observatory">HabEx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habitable_Worlds_Observatory" title="Habitable Worlds Observatory">HWO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypertelescope" class="mw-redirect" title="Hypertelescope">Hypertelescope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Lunar_Observatory" title="International Lunar Observatory">ILO-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MAXI_(ISS_experiment)#iWF-MAXI" title="MAXI (ISS experiment)">iWF-MAXI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JEM-EUSO" title="JEM-EUSO">JEM-EUSO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Ultraviolet_Cosmic_Imager" title="Lunar Ultraviolet Cosmic Imager">LUCI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Large_Ultraviolet_Optical_Infrared_Surveyor" title="Large Ultraviolet Optical Infrared Surveyor">LUVOIR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynx_X-ray_Observatory" title="Lynx X-ray Observatory">Lynx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nano-JASMINE" title="Nano-JASMINE">Nano-JASMINE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nautilus_Deep_Space_Observatory" title="Nautilus Deep Space Observatory">Nautilus Deep Space Observatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Worlds_Mission" title="New Worlds Mission">New Worlds Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_National_Reconnaissance_Office_space_telescope_donation_to_NASA" title="2012 National Reconnaissance Office space telescope donation to NASA">NRO donation to NASA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orbiting_Binary_Black_Hole_Investigation_Satellite" title="Orbiting Binary Black Hole Investigation Satellite">ORBIS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Origins_Space_Telescope" title="Origins Space Telescope">OST</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FOXSI_Sounding_Rocket" title="FOXSI Sounding Rocket">PhoENiX</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar-D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Solar-D (page does not exist)">Solar-D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Solar_Telescope" title="Space Solar Telescope">Space Solar Telescope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telescope_for_Habitable_Exoplanets_and_Interstellar/Intergalactic_Astronomy" title="Telescope for Habitable Exoplanets and Interstellar/Intergalactic Astronomy">THEIA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/THESEUS_(satellite)" class="mw-redirect" title="THESEUS (satellite)">THESEUS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Retired</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AGILE_(satellite)" title="AGILE (satellite)">AGILE</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2007–2024)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akari_(satellite)" title="Akari (satellite)">Akari (Astro-F)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2006–2011)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Array_of_Low_Energy_X-ray_Imaging_Sensors" title="Array of Low Energy X-ray Imaging Sensors">ALEXIS</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1993–2005)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alouette_1" title="Alouette 1">Alouette 1</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1962–1972)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariel_1" title="Ariel 1">Ariel 1</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1962, 1964)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariel_2" title="Ariel 2">Ariel 2</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1964)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariel_3" title="Ariel 3">Ariel 3</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1967–1969)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariel_4" title="Ariel 4">Ariel 4</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1971–1972)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariel_5" title="Ariel 5">Ariel 5</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1974–1980)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariel_6" class="mw-redirect" title="Ariel 6">Ariel 6</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1979–1982)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASTERIA_(spacecraft)" title="ASTERIA (spacecraft)">ASTERIA</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2017–2019)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_Telescope_Mount" title="Apollo Telescope Mount">ATM</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1973–1974)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Satellite_for_Cosmology_and_Astrophysics" title="Advanced Satellite for Cosmology and Astrophysics">ASCA (Astro-D)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1993–2000)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-35" title="STS-35">Astro-1</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1990)</span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Broad_Band_X-ray_Telescope" title="Broad Band X-ray Telescope">BBXRT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hopkins_Ultraviolet_Telescope" title="Hopkins Ultraviolet Telescope">HUT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-67" title="STS-67">Astro-2</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hopkins_Ultraviolet_Telescope" title="Hopkins Ultraviolet Telescope">HUT</a>) <span style="font-size:85%;">(1995)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astron_(spacecraft)" title="Astron (spacecraft)">Astron</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1983–1991)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astronomical_Netherlands_Satellite" title="Astronomical Netherlands Satellite">ANS</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1974–1976)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BeppoSAX" title="BeppoSAX">BeppoSAX</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1996–2003)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CHIPSat" class="mw-redirect" title="CHIPSat">CHIPSat</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2003–2008)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compton_Gamma_Ray_Observatory" title="Compton Gamma Ray Observatory">Compton (CGRO)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1991–2000)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CoRoT" title="CoRoT">CoRoT</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2006–2013)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cos-B" title="Cos-B">Cos-B</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1975–1982)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmic_Background_Explorer" title="Cosmic Background Explorer">COBE</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1989–1993)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CXBN-2" title="CXBN-2">CXBN-2</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2017–2019)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STS-54#Mission_highlights" title="STS-54">DXS</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1993)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EPOXI#EPOCh" title="EPOXI">EPOCh</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2008)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EPOXI" title="EPOXI">EPOXI</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2010)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorer_11" title="Explorer 11">Explorer 11</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1961)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EXOSAT" title="EXOSAT">EXOSAT</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1983–1986)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_Ultraviolet_Explorer" title="Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer">EUVE</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1992–2001)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Far_Ultraviolet_Spectroscopic_Explorer" title="Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer">FUSE</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1999–2007)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kvant-1" title="Kvant-1">Kvant-1</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1987–2001)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GALEX" title="GALEX">GALEX</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2003–2013)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamma_(satellite)" title="Gamma (satellite)">Gamma</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1990–1992)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ginga_(satellite)" title="Ginga (satellite)">Ginga (Astro-C)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1987–1991)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granat" title="Granat">Granat</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1989–1998)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hakucho" title="Hakucho">Hakucho (CORSA-b)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1979–1985)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HALCA" title="HALCA">HALCA (MUSES-B)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1997–2005)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Energy_Astronomy_Observatory_1" title="High Energy Astronomy Observatory 1">HEAO-1</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1977–1979)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herschel_Space_Observatory" title="Herschel Space Observatory">Herschel</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2009–2013)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinotori_(satellite)" title="Hinotori (satellite)">Hinotori (Astro-A)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1981–1991)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hisaki_(satellite)" title="Hisaki (satellite)">Hisaki (SPRINT-A)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2013–2023)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Einstein_Observatory" title="Einstein Observatory">HEAO-2 (Einstein Obs.)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1978–1982)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Energy_Astronomy_Observatory_3" title="High Energy Astronomy Observatory 3">HEAO-3</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1979–1981)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Energy_Transient_Explorer" class="mw-redirect" title="High Energy Transient Explorer">HETE-2</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2000–2008)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hipparcos" title="Hipparcos">Hipparcos</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1989–1993)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Lunar_Observatory" title="International Lunar Observatory">ILO-X</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2024)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IRAS" title="IRAS">IRAS</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1983)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Flyer_Unit#Experimentation_data" title="Space Flyer Unit">IRTS</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1995–1996)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infrared_Space_Observatory" title="Infrared Space Observatory">ISO</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1996–1998)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Ultraviolet_Explorer" title="International Ultraviolet Explorer">IUE</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1978–1996)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Remote_Sensing_Programme" title="Indian Remote Sensing Programme">IXAE</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1996–2004)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kepler_space_telescope" title="Kepler space telescope">Kepler</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2009–2018)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kristall" title="Kristall">Kristall</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1990–2001)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LEGRI" title="LEGRI">LEGRI</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1997–2002)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LISA_Pathfinder" title="LISA Pathfinder">LISA Pathfinder</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2015–2017)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miniature_X-ray_Solar_Spectrometer_CubeSat" title="Miniature X-ray Solar Spectrometer CubeSat">MinXSS</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2015–2017)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MOST_(satellite)" class="mw-redirect" title="MOST (satellite)">MOST</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2003–2019)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midcourse_Space_Experiment" title="Midcourse Space Experiment">MSX</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1996–1997)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhailo_Lomonosov_(satellite)" title="Mikhailo Lomonosov (satellite)">Mikhailo Lomonosov</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2016–2019?)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orbiting_Astronomical_Observatory_2" title="Orbiting Astronomical Observatory 2">OAO-2</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1968–1973)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orbiting_Astronomical_Observatory#OAO-3_(Copernicus)" title="Orbiting Astronomical Observatory">OAO-3 (Copernicus)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1972–1981)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orbiting_Solar_Observatory" title="Orbiting Solar Observatory">Orbiting Solar Observatory</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/OSO_1" class="mw-redirect" title="OSO 1">OSO 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orbiting_Solar_Observatory" title="Orbiting Solar Observatory">OSO B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OSO_3" title="OSO 3">OSO 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OSO_4" class="mw-redirect" title="OSO 4">OSO 4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OSO_5" class="mw-redirect" title="OSO 5">OSO 5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OSO_6" class="mw-redirect" title="OSO 6">OSO 6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OSO_7" title="OSO 7">OSO 7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OSO_8" class="mw-redirect" title="OSO 8">OSO 8</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orion_(space_telescope)" title="Orion (space telescope)">Orion 1</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1971)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orion_(space_telescope)" title="Orion (space telescope)">Orion 2</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1973)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PAMELA_detector" title="PAMELA detector">PAMELA</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2006–2016)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PicSat" title="PicSat">PicSat</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2018)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planck_(spacecraft)" title="Planck (spacecraft)">Planck</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2009–2013)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RELIKT-1" title="RELIKT-1">RELIKT-1</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1983–1984)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reuven_Ramaty_High_Energy_Solar_Spectroscopic_Imager" title="Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager">R/HESSI</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2002–2018)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ROSAT" title="ROSAT">ROSAT</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1990–1999)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rossi_X-ray_Timing_Explorer" title="Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer">RXTE</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1995–2012)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_Anomalous_and_Magnetospheric_Particle_Explorer" title="Solar Anomalous and Magnetospheric Particle Explorer">SAMPEX</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1992–2004)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_Astronomy_Satellite_2" title="Small Astronomy Satellite 2">SAS-B</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1972–1973)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_Astronomy_Satellite_3" title="Small Astronomy Satellite 3">SAS-C</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1975–1979)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solwind" title="Solwind">Solwind</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1979–1985)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spektr-R" title="Spektr-R">Spektr-R</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2011–2019)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spitzer_Space_Telescope" title="Spitzer Space Telescope">Spitzer</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2003–2020)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suzaku_(satellite)" title="Suzaku (satellite)">Suzaku (Astro-EII)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2005–2015)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_Radiation_and_Thermospheric_Satellite" title="Solar Radiation and Thermospheric Satellite">Taiyo (SRATS)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1975–1980)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenma" title="Tenma">Tenma (Astro-B)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1983–1985)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uhuru_(satellite)" title="Uhuru (satellite)">Uhuru</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1970–1973)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanguard_3" title="Vanguard 3">Vanguard 3</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1959)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilkinson_Microwave_Anisotropy_Probe" title="Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe">WMAP</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2001–2010)</span></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">WISE</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2009–2024)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yohkoh" title="Yohkoh">Yokoh (Solar-A)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1991–2001)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Hibernating <br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Mission completed)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Submillimeter_Wave_Astronomy_Satellite" title="Submillimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite">SWAS</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1998–2005)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TRACE" title="TRACE">TRACE</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1998–2010)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lost/Failed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orbiting_Astronomical_Observatory#OAO-1" title="Orbiting Astronomical Observatory">OAO-1</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1966)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orbiting_Astronomical_Observatory#OAO-B" title="Orbiting Astronomical Observatory">OAO-B</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1970)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmic_Radiation_Satellite" title="Cosmic Radiation Satellite">CORSA</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1976)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CXBN" title="CXBN">CXBN</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2012–2013)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orbiting_Solar_Observatory" title="Orbiting Solar Observatory">OSO C</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1965)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ABRIXAS" title="ABRIXAS">ABRIXAS</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1999)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Energy_Transient_Explorer" class="mw-redirect" title="High Energy Transient Explorer">HETE-1</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1996)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wide_Field_Infrared_Explorer" title="Wide Field Infrared Explorer">WIRE</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(1999)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suzaku_(satellite)#ASTRO-E" title="Suzaku (satellite)">Astro-E</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2000)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TSUBAME_(satellite)" title="TSUBAME (satellite)">Tsubame</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2014–2015)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hitomi_(satellite)" title="Hitomi (satellite)">Hitomi (Astro-H)</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2016)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cancelled</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aelita_(spacecraft)" title="Aelita (spacecraft)">Aelita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AOSO" class="mw-redirect" title="AOSO">AOSO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astro-G" title="Astro-G">Astro-G</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constellation-X_Observatory" title="Constellation-X Observatory">Constellation-X</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Darwin_(spacecraft)" title="Darwin (spacecraft)">Darwin</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_Energy_Space_Telescope" class="mw-redirect" title="Dark Energy Space Telescope">Destiny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EChO" title="EChO">EChO</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eddington_(spacecraft)" title="Eddington (spacecraft)">Eddington</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Full-sky_Astrometric_Mapping_Explorer" title="Full-sky Astrometric Mapping Explorer">FAME</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fast_Infrared_Exoplanet_Spectroscopy_Survey_Explorer" title="Fast Infrared Exoplanet Spectroscopy Survey Explorer">FINESSE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravity_and_Extreme_Magnetism" class="mw-redirect" title="Gravity and Extreme Magnetism">GEMS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubble_Origins_Probe" title="Hubble Origins Probe">HOP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_X-ray_Observatory" title="International X-ray Observatory">IXO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Dark_Energy_Mission" title="Joint Dark Energy Mission">JDEM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LOFT" title="LOFT">LOFT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OSO_J" class="mw-redirect" title="OSO J">OSO J</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OSO_K" class="mw-redirect" title="OSO K">OSO K</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sentinel_Space_Telescope" title="Sentinel Space Telescope">Sentinel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Interferometry_Mission" title="Space Interferometry Mission">SIM & SIMlite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supernova/Acceleration_Probe" class="mw-redirect" title="Supernova/Acceleration Probe">SNAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SPICA_(spacecraft)" title="SPICA (spacecraft)">SPICA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sky_Polarization_Observatory" title="Sky Polarization Observatory">SPOrt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TAUVEX" title="TAUVEX">TAUVEX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrestrial_Planet_Finder" title="Terrestrial Planet Finder">TPF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XEUS" title="XEUS">XEUS</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=XIPE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="XIPE (page does not exist)">XIPE</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_Observatories_program" title="Great Observatories program">Great Observatories program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_space_telescopes" title="List of space telescopes">List of space telescopes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_proposed_space_telescopes" title="List of proposed space telescopes">List of proposed space telescopes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X-ray_telescope" title="X-ray telescope">X-ray telescope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heliophysics_missions" title="List of heliophysics missions">List of heliophysics missions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_planetariums" title="List of planetariums">List of planetariums</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hubble_(film)" title="Hubble (film)">Hubble</a></i> (2010 documentary)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Unknown:_Cosmic_Time_Machine" title="Unknown: Cosmic Time Machine">Unknown: Cosmic Time Machine</a></i> (2023 documentary)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Space_telescopes" title="Category:Space telescopes">Category:Space telescopes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Planetary_defense172" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Planetary_defense" title="Template:Planetary defense"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Planetary_defense" title="Template talk:Planetary defense"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Planetary_defense" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Planetary defense"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Planetary_defense172" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Asteroid_impact_avoidance" title="Asteroid impact avoidance">Planetary defense</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Main topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asteroid" title="Asteroid">Asteroid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolide" title="Bolide">Bolide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earth-grazing_fireball" title="Earth-grazing fireball">Earth-grazing fireball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_event" title="Impact event">Impact event</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meteor_air_burst" title="Meteor air burst">Meteor air burst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meteor_procession" title="Meteor procession">Meteor procession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meteor_shower" title="Meteor shower">Meteor shower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meteorite" title="Meteorite">Meteorite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meteoroid" title="Meteoroid">Meteoroid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Near-Earth_object" title="Near-Earth object">Near-Earth object</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potentially_hazardous_object" title="Potentially hazardous object">Potentially hazardous object</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Earth-crossing_minor_planets" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Earth-crossing minor planets">Earth-crossing minor planets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_asteroid_close_approaches_to_Earth" title="List of asteroid close approaches to Earth">Asteroid close approaches</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Defense</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asteroid_impact_avoidance" title="Asteroid impact avoidance">Asteroid impact avoidance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asteroid_laser_ablation" title="Asteroid laser ablation">Asteroid laser ablation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravity_tractor" title="Gravity tractor">Gravity tractor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ion-beam_shepherd" title="Ion-beam shepherd">Ion-beam shepherd</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Space probes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dawn_(spacecraft)" title="Dawn (spacecraft)">Dawn</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Deep_Impact_(spacecraft)" title="Deep Impact (spacecraft)">Deep Impact</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HAMMER_(spacecraft)" title="HAMMER (spacecraft)">HAMMER</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AIDA_(mission)" class="mw-redirect" title="AIDA (mission)">AIDA</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hera_(space_mission)" title="Hera (space mission)">Hera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_Asteroid_Redirection_Test" title="Double Asteroid Redirection Test"><i>DART</i></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halley_Armada" title="Halley Armada">Halley Armada</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hayabusa" title="Hayabusa">Hayabusa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hayabusa2" title="Hayabusa2">Hayabusa2</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hayabusa2#MASCOT" title="Hayabusa2">MASCOT</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/NEAR_Shoemaker" title="NEAR Shoemaker">NEAR Shoemaker</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Near-Earth_Asteroid_Scout" title="Near-Earth Asteroid Scout">NEA Scout</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/New_Horizons" title="New Horizons">New Horizons</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OSIRIS-REx" title="OSIRIS-REx">OSIRIS-REx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PROCYON" title="PROCYON">PROCYON</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rosetta_(spacecraft)" title="Rosetta (spacecraft)">Rosetta</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Philae_(spacecraft)" title="Philae (spacecraft)">Philae</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Stardust_(spacecraft)" title="Stardust (spacecraft)">Stardust</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Near-Earth_object" title="Near-Earth object">NEO</a> tracking</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asteroid_Terrestrial-impact_Last_Alert_System" title="Asteroid Terrestrial-impact Last Alert System">ATLAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catalina_Sky_Survey" title="Catalina Sky Survey">Catalina Sky Survey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Near-Earth_Asteroid_Research" title="Lincoln Near-Earth Asteroid Research">LINEAR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lowell_Observatory_Near-Earth-Object_Search" title="Lowell Observatory Near-Earth-Object Search">LONEOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Near-Earth_Asteroid_Tracking" title="Near-Earth Asteroid Tracking">NEAT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NEODyS" title="NEODyS">NEODyS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NEO_Surveyor" title="NEO Surveyor">NEO Surveyor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Near_Earth_Object_Surveillance_Satellite" title="Near Earth Object Surveillance Satellite">NEOSSat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ESA_Optical_Ground_Station" title="ESA Optical Ground Station">OGS Telescope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orbit@home" title="Orbit@home">Orbit@home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-STARRS" title="Pan-STARRS">Pan-STARRS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Schmidt_CCD_Asteroid_Program" title="Beijing Schmidt CCD Asteroid Program">SCAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sentinel_Space_Telescope" title="Sentinel Space Telescope">Sentinel Space Telescope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sentry_(monitoring_system)" title="Sentry (monitoring system)">Sentry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spacewatch" title="Spacewatch">Spacewatch</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">WISE</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B612_Foundation" title="B612 Foundation">B612 Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan_Spaceguard_Association" title="Japan Spaceguard Association">Japan Spaceguard Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meteoritical_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Meteoritical Society">Meteoritical Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asteroid_impact_avoidance#Ongoing_projects" title="Asteroid impact avoidance">NEOShield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spaceguard" title="Spaceguard">Spaceguard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Spaceguard_Foundation" title="The Spaceguard Foundation">The Spaceguard Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Situational_Awareness_Programme" title="Space Situational Awareness Programme">Space Situational Awareness Programme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planetary_Defense_Coordination_Office" title="Planetary Defense Coordination Office">Planetary Defense Coordination Office</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Hazard rating</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Torino_scale" title="Torino scale">Torino scale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palermo_scale" title="Palermo scale">Palermo scale</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Potential threats</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/(29075)_1950_DA" title="(29075) 1950 DA">1950 DA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/101955_Bennu" title="101955 Bennu">101955 Bennu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_RF12" title="2010 RF12">2010 RF<sub>12</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/99942_Apophis" title="99942 Apophis">99942 Apophis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_YR4" title="2024 YR4">2024 YR<sub>4</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_objects_with_non-zero_Torino_ratings" title="List of objects with non-zero Torino ratings">List of objects with non-zero Torino ratings</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Related categories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Impact_events" title="Category:Impact events">Impact events</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fiction_about_meteoroids" title="Category:Fiction about meteoroids">Fiction about meteoroids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fiction_about_impact_events" title="Category:Fiction about impact events">Fiction about impact events</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="NASA578" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:NASA_space_program" title="Template:NASA space program"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:NASA_space_program" title="Template talk:NASA space program"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:NASA_space_program" title="Special:EditPage/Template:NASA space program"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="NASA578" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Space_policy_of_the_United_States" title="Space policy of the United States">Policy</a> and history</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">History<br />(<a href="/wiki/Creation_of_NASA" title="Creation of NASA">creation</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Advisory_Committee_for_Aeronautics" title="National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics">NACA</a> (1915)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Aeronautics_and_Space_Act" title="National Aeronautics and Space Act">National Aeronautics and Space Act</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Task_Group" title="Space Task Group">Space Task Group</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_O._Paine#National_Commission_on_Space" title="Thomas O. Paine">Paine</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rogers_Commission_Report" title="Rogers Commission Report">Rogers</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ride_Report" title="Ride Report">Ride</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Exploration_Initiative" title="Space Exploration Initiative">Space Exploration Initiative</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustine_Committee" title="Augustine Committee">Augustine</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_policy_of_the_United_States#Clinton_administration" title="Space policy of the United States">U.S. National Space Policy</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commission_on_the_Future_of_the_United_States_Aerospace_Industry" title="Commission on the Future of the United States Aerospace Industry">CFUSAI</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_Accident_Investigation_Board" title="Columbia Accident Investigation Board">CAIB</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vision_for_Space_Exploration" title="Vision for Space Exploration">Vision for Space Exploration</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/President%27s_Commission_on_Implementation_of_United_States_Space_Exploration_Policy" title="President's Commission on Implementation of United States Space Exploration Policy">Aldridge</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Review_of_United_States_Human_Space_Flight_Plans_Committee" title="Review of United States Human Space Flight Plans Committee">Augustine</a> (2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Space_Race" title="Space Race">Space Race</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_administrators_and_deputy_administrators_of_NASA" class="mw-redirect" title="List of administrators and deputy administrators of NASA">Administrator and Deputy Administrator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NASA_Chief_Scientist" title="NASA Chief Scientist">Chief Scientist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NASA_Astronaut_Corps" title="NASA Astronaut Corps">Astronaut Corps</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astronaut_ranks_and_positions" title="Astronaut ranks and positions">Ranks and positions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_of_the_Astronaut_Office" title="Chief of the Astronaut Office">Chief</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budget_of_NASA" title="Budget of NASA">Budget</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NASA_research" title="NASA research">NASA research</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NASA_spinoff_technologies" class="mw-redirect" title="NASA spinoff technologies">spinoff technologies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NASA%2B" title="NASA+">NASA+</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NASA_TV" title="NASA TV">NASA TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NASA_Social" title="NASA Social">NASA Social</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Launch_Services_Program" class="mw-redirect" title="Launch Services Program">Launch Services Program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercury_Control_Center" title="Mercury Control Center">Mercury Control Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manned_Space_Flight_Network" title="Manned Space Flight Network">Manned Space Flight Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Space_Center" title="Kennedy Space Center">Kennedy Space Center</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_Assembly_Building" title="Vehicle Assembly Building">Vehicle Assembly Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Space_Center_Launch_Complex_39" title="Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39">Launch Complex 39</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Space_Center_Launch_Complex_48" title="Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 48">Launch Complex 48</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Launch_Control_Center" title="Launch Control Center">Launch Control Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operations_and_Checkout_Building" title="Operations and Checkout Building">Operations and Checkout Building</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnson_Space_Center" title="Johnson Space Center">Johnson Space Center</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_C._Kraft_Jr._Mission_Control_Center" title="Christopher C. Kraft Jr. Mission Control Center">Mission Control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Sample_Laboratory_Facility" title="Lunar Sample Laboratory Facility">Lunar Sample Laboratory</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_Mission_Directorate" title="Science Mission Directorate">Science Mission Directorate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Human_spaceflight" title="Human spaceflight">Human spaceflight</a><br />programs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Past</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_American_X-15" title="North American X-15">X-15</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sub-orbital_spaceflight" title="Sub-orbital spaceflight">suborbital</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Mercury" title="Project Mercury">Mercury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Gemini" title="Project Gemini">Gemini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_program" title="Apollo program">Apollo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skylab" title="Skylab">Skylab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo%E2%80%93Soyuz" title="Apollo–Soyuz">Apollo–Soyuz</a> (with the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_space_program" title="Soviet space program">Soviet space program</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_program" title="Space Shuttle program">Space Shuttle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuttle%E2%80%93Mir_program" title="Shuttle–Mir program">Shuttle–<i>Mir</i></a> (with <a href="/wiki/Roscosmos" title="Roscosmos">Roscosmos</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constellation_program" title="Constellation program">Constellation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Space_Station_programme" title="International Space Station programme">International Space Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commercial_Orbital_Transportation_Services" title="Commercial Orbital Transportation Services">Commercial Orbital Transportation Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commercial_Crew_Program" title="Commercial Crew Program">Commercial Crew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orion_(spacecraft)" title="Orion (spacecraft)">Orion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artemis_program" title="Artemis program">Artemis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Gateway" title="Lunar Gateway">Lunar Gateway</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Robotic_spacecraft" class="mw-redirect" title="Robotic spacecraft">Robotic</a> programs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Past</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hitchhiker_Program" title="Hitchhiker Program">Hitchhiker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariner_program" title="Mariner program">Mariner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariner_Mark_II" title="Mariner Mark II">Mariner Mark II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MESUR" title="MESUR">MESUR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mars_Surveyor_%2798" title="Mars Surveyor '98">Mars Surveyor '98</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Millennium_Program" title="New Millennium Program">New Millennium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Orbiter_program" title="Lunar Orbiter program">Lunar Orbiter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pioneer_program" title="Pioneer program">Pioneer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planetary_Observer_program" title="Planetary Observer program">Planetary Observer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranger_program" title="Ranger program">Ranger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surveyor_program" title="Surveyor program">Surveyor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viking_program" title="Viking program">Viking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Prometheus" title="Project Prometheus">Project Prometheus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mars_Exploration_Program" title="Mars Exploration Program">Mars Exploration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mars_Exploration_Rover" title="Mars Exploration Rover">Mars Exploration Rover</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Living_With_a_Star" title="Living With a Star">Living With a Star</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Precursor_Robotic_Program" title="Lunar Precursor Robotic Program">Lunar Precursor Robotic Program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Earth_Observing_System" title="Earth Observing System">Earth Observing System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Observatories_program" title="Great Observatories program">Great Observatories program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explorers_Program" title="Explorers Program">Explorers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voyager_program" title="Voyager program">Voyager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Discovery_Program" title="Discovery Program">Discovery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Frontiers_program" title="New Frontiers program">New Frontiers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_Terrestrial_Probes_program" title="Solar Terrestrial Probes program">Solar Terrestrial Probes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commercial_Lunar_Payload_Services" title="Commercial Lunar Payload Services">Commercial Lunar Payload Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_Innovative_Missions_for_Planetary_Exploration" title="Small Innovative Missions for Planetary Exploration">SIMPLEx</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Individual featured<br /> <a href="/wiki/List_of_NASA_missions" title="List of NASA missions">missions</a><br />(human and robotic)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Past</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_11" title="Apollo 11">Apollo 11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cosmic_Background_Explorer" title="Cosmic Background Explorer">COBE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercury-Redstone_3" title="Mercury-Redstone 3">Mercury 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercury-Atlas_6" title="Mercury-Atlas 6">Mercury-Atlas 6</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Magellan_(spacecraft)" title="Magellan (spacecraft)">Magellan</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pioneer_10" title="Pioneer 10">Pioneer 10</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pioneer_11" title="Pioneer 11">Pioneer 11</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galileo_project" title="Galileo project"><i>Galileo</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Galileo_(spacecraft)" title="Timeline of Galileo (spacecraft)">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GALEX" title="GALEX">GALEX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GRAIL" title="GRAIL">GRAIL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilkinson_Microwave_Anisotropy_Probe" title="Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe">WMAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle" title="Space Shuttle">Space Shuttle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spitzer_Space_Telescope" title="Spitzer Space Telescope">Spitzer Space Telescope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sojourner_(rover)" title="Sojourner (rover)"><i>Sojourner</i> rover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirit_(rover)" title="Spirit (rover)"><i>Spirit</i> rover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LADEE" title="LADEE">LADEE</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/MESSENGER" title="MESSENGER">MESSENGER</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aquarius_(SAC-D_instrument)" title="Aquarius (SAC-D instrument)">Aquarius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassini%E2%80%93Huygens" title="Cassini–Huygens"><i>Cassini</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dawn_(spacecraft)" title="Dawn (spacecraft)"><i>Dawn</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kepler_space_telescope" title="Kepler space telescope">Kepler space telescope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opportunity_(rover)" title="Opportunity (rover)"><i>Opportunity</i> rover</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Opportunity" title="Timeline of Opportunity">timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_surface_features_of_Mars_visited_by_Spirit_and_Opportunity" title="List of surface features of Mars visited by Spirit and Opportunity">observed</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramaty_High_Energy_Solar_Spectroscopic_Imager" class="mw-redirect" title="Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager">RHESSI</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/InSight" title="InSight">InSight</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingenuity_(helicopter)" title="Ingenuity (helicopter)"><i>Ingenuity</i> helicopter</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Ingenuity_flights" title="List of Ingenuity flights">flights</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Currently<br />operating</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Mars_Reconnaissance_Orbiter" title="Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter">Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/2001_Mars_Odyssey" title="2001 Mars Odyssey">2001 Mars Odyssey</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/New_Horizons" title="New Horizons">New Horizons</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Space_Station" title="International Space Station">International Space Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubble_Space_Telescope" title="Hubble Space Telescope">Hubble Space Telescope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neil_Gehrels_Swift_Observatory" title="Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory"><i>Swift</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/THEMIS" title="THEMIS">THEMIS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mars_Exploration_Rover" title="Mars Exploration Rover">Mars Exploration Rover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curiosity_(rover)" title="Curiosity (rover)"><i>Curiosity</i> rover</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Mars_Science_Laboratory" title="Timeline of Mars Science Laboratory">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GOES_14" title="GOES 14">GOES 14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_Reconnaissance_Orbiter" title="Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter">Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GOES_15" title="GOES 15">GOES 15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Van_Allen_Probes" title="Van Allen Probes">Van Allen Probes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_Dynamics_Observatory" title="Solar Dynamics Observatory">Solar Dynamics Observatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juno_(spacecraft)" title="Juno (spacecraft)"><i>Juno</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mars_Science_Laboratory" title="Mars Science Laboratory">Mars Science Laboratory</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Mars_Science_Laboratory" title="Timeline of Mars Science Laboratory">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NuSTAR" title="NuSTAR">NuSTAR</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Voyager_1" title="Voyager 1">Voyager 1</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Voyager_2" title="Voyager 2">Voyager 2</a></i></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">WISE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MAVEN" title="MAVEN">MAVEN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnetospheric_Multiscale_Mission" title="Magnetospheric Multiscale Mission">MMS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OSIRIS-REx" title="OSIRIS-REx">OSIRIS-REx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transiting_Exoplanet_Survey_Satellite" title="Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite">Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mars_2020" title="Mars 2020">Mars 2020</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Perseverance_(rover)" title="Perseverance (rover)"><i>Perseverance</i> rover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Mars_2020" title="Timeline of Mars 2020">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Webb_Space_Telescope" title="James Webb Space Telescope">James Webb Space Telescope</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_James_Webb_Space_Telescope" title="Timeline of the James Webb Space Telescope">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plankton,_Aerosol,_Cloud,_ocean_Ecosystem" title="Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem">PACE</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Europa_Clipper" title="Europa Clipper">Europa Clipper</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Future</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NISAR_(satellite)" title="NISAR (satellite)">NISAR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Grace_Roman_Space_Telescope" title="Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope">Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DAVINCI" title="DAVINCI">DAVINCI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VERITAS_(spacecraft)" title="VERITAS (spacecraft)">VERITAS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Space_Communications_and_Navigation_Program" title="Space Communications and Navigation Program">Communications<br />and navigation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Near_Earth_Network" title="Near Earth Network">Near Earth Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Network" title="Space Network">Space Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NASA_Deep_Space_Network" title="NASA Deep Space Network">Deep Space Network</a> (<a href="/wiki/Goldstone_Deep_Space_Communications_Complex" title="Goldstone Deep Space Communications Complex">Goldstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madrid_Deep_Space_Communications_Complex" title="Madrid Deep Space Communications Complex">Madrid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canberra_Deep_Space_Communication_Complex" title="Canberra Deep Space Communication Complex">Canberra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Flight_Operations_Facility" title="Space Flight Operations Facility">Space Flight Operations Facility</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deep_Space_Atomic_Clock" title="Deep Space Atomic Clock">Deep Space Atomic Clock</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">NASA lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astronaut" title="Astronaut">Astronauts</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_astronauts_by_name" title="List of astronauts by name">by name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_astronauts_by_year_of_selection" title="List of astronauts by year of selection">by year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Gemini_astronauts" title="List of Gemini astronauts">Gemini astronauts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Apollo_astronauts" title="List of Apollo astronauts">Apollo astronauts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Space_Shuttle_crews" title="List of Space Shuttle crews">Space Shuttle crews</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_NASA_aircraft" title="List of NASA aircraft">NASA aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_NASA_missions" title="List of NASA missions">NASA missions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_uncrewed_NASA_missions" title="List of uncrewed NASA missions">uncrewed missions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Apollo_missions" title="List of Apollo missions">Apollo missions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Space_Shuttle_missions" title="List of Space Shuttle missions">Space Shuttle missions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rockets_of_the_United_States" title="List of rockets of the United States">United States rockets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_NASA_cancellations" title="List of NASA cancellations">NASA cancellations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_NASA_cameras_on_spacecraft" title="List of NASA cameras on spacecraft">NASA cameras on spacecraft</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">NASA images<br />and artwork</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Earthrise" title="Earthrise">Earthrise</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Blue_Marble" title="The Blue Marble">The Blue Marble</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Family_Portrait_(Voyager)" title="Family Portrait (Voyager)">Family Portrait</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Pale_Blue_Dot" title="Pale Blue Dot">Pale Blue Dot</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pillars_of_Creation" title="Pillars of Creation">Pillars of Creation</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mystic_Mountain" title="Mystic Mountain">Mystic Mountain</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_Portrait_(MESSENGER)" title="Family Portrait (MESSENGER)"><i>Solar System Family Portrait</i></a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Day_the_Earth_Smiled" title="The Day the Earth Smiled">The Day the Earth Smiled</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fallen_Astronaut" title="Fallen Astronaut">Fallen Astronaut</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_deep_fields" title="List of deep fields">Deep fields</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_plaque" title="Lunar plaque">Lunar plaques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pioneer_plaque" title="Pioneer plaque">Pioneer plaques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voyager_Golden_Record" title="Voyager Golden Record">Voyager Golden Record</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_11_goodwill_messages" title="Apollo 11 goodwill messages">Apollo 11 goodwill messages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NASA_insignia" title="NASA insignia">NASA insignia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NASA_space-flown_Gemini_and_Apollo_medallions" title="NASA space-flown Gemini and Apollo medallions">Gemini and Apollo medallions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mission_patch" title="Mission patch">Mission patches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hubble_Space_Telescope_anniversary_images" title="List of Hubble Space Telescope anniversary images">Hubble Space Telescope anniversary images</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/We_choose_to_go_to_the_Moon" title="We choose to go to the Moon">We choose to go to the Moon</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_8_Genesis_reading" title="Apollo 8 Genesis reading">Apollo 8 Genesis reading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_15_postal_covers_incident" title="Apollo 15 postal covers incident">Apollo 15 postal covers incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_Lunar_Module" title="Apollo Lunar Module">Apollo Lunar Module</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Mirror_Memorial" title="Space Mirror Memorial">Space Mirror Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Astronaut_Monument" title="The Astronaut Monument">The Astronaut Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_sample_displays" title="Lunar sample displays">Lunar sample displays</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moon_rock" title="Moon rock">Moon rocks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stolen_and_missing_Moon_rocks" title="Stolen and missing Moon rocks">stolen or missing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Astronaut_Hall_of_Fame" title="United States Astronaut Hall of Fame">U.S. Astronaut Hall of Fame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._space_exploration_history_on_U.S._stamps" title="U.S. space exploration history on U.S. stamps">Space program on U.S. stamps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fe,_Fi,_Fo,_Fum,_and_Phooey" title="Fe, Fi, Fo, Fum, and Phooey">Apollo 17 Moon mice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moon_tree" title="Moon tree">Moon tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monkeys_and_apes_in_space#United_States" title="Monkeys and apes in space">Other primates in space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NASA_International_Space_Apps_Challenge" title="NASA International Space Apps Challenge">NASA International Space Apps Challenge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astronauts_Day" title="Astronauts Day">Astronauts Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Astronaut_Day" title="National Astronaut Day">National Astronaut Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikon_NASA_F4" title="Nikon NASA F4">Nikon NASA F4</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:NASA" title="Category:NASA"><b>Category</b></a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:NASA" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:NASA"><b>Commons</b></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Astronomical_surveys327" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Astronomical_Surveys" title="Template:Astronomical Surveys"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Astronomical_Surveys" title="Template talk:Astronomical Surveys"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Astronomical_Surveys" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Astronomical Surveys"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Astronomical_surveys327" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Astronomical_survey" title="Astronomical survey">Astronomical surveys</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Photographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Digitized_Sky_Survey" title="Digitized Sky Survey">Digitized Sky Survey</a> (DSS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_INT_Photometric_H-Alpha_Survey" title="The INT Photometric H-Alpha Survey">The INT Photometric H-Alpha Survey</a> (IPHAS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Geographic_Society_%E2%80%93_Palomar_Observatory_Sky_Survey" title="National Geographic Society – Palomar Observatory Sky Survey">NGS-POSS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palomar_Distant_Solar_System_Survey" title="Palomar Distant Solar System Survey">Palomar Distant Solar System Survey</a> (PDSSS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAGES_Legacy_Unifying_Globulars_and_GalaxieS_Survey" title="SAGES Legacy Unifying Globulars and GalaxieS Survey">SLUGGS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Infra-red</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2MASS" title="2MASS">2MASS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akari_(satellite)" title="Akari (satellite)">Akari (Astro-F)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IRAS" title="IRAS">Infrared Astronomical Satellite</a> (IRAS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/UKIRT_Infrared_Deep_Sky_Survey" title="UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey">UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey</a> (UKIDSS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submillimetre_Common-User_Bolometer_Array#SCUBA-2_All_Sky_Survey" title="Submillimetre Common-User Bolometer Array">SCUBA-2 All Sky Survey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VISTA_(telescope)" title="VISTA (telescope)">VISTA</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer</a> (WISE)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Radio</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/C-Band_All_Sky_Survey" title="C-Band All Sky Survey">C-BASS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GALEX_Arecibo_SDSS_Survey" title="GALEX Arecibo SDSS Survey">GALEX Arecibo SDSS Survey</a> (GASS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/HIPASS" title="HIPASS">HIPASS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NRAO_VLA_Sky_Survey" title="NRAO VLA Sky Survey">NVSS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohio_Sky_Survey" title="Ohio Sky Survey">Ohio Sky Survey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PALFA_Survey" title="PALFA Survey">PALFA Survey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Spectroscopic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2dF_Galaxy_Redshift_Survey" title="2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey">2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey</a> (2dFGRS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/6dF_Galaxy_Survey" title="6dF Galaxy Survey">6dF Galaxy Survey</a> (6dFGS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calar_Alto_Legacy_Integral_Field_Area_Survey" title="Calar Alto Legacy Integral Field Area Survey">Calar Alto Legacy Integral Field Area Survey </a> (CALIFA)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/CfA_Redshift_Survey" title="CfA Redshift Survey">CfA Redshift Survey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_Energy_Survey" title="Dark Energy Survey">Dark Energy Survey</a> (DES)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/DEEP2_Redshift_Survey" title="DEEP2 Redshift Survey">DEEP2 Redshift Survey</a> (DEEP2)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaxy_And_Mass_Assembly_survey" title="Galaxy And Mass Assembly survey">Galaxy And Mass Assembly survey</a> (GAMA)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/LAMOST" title="LAMOST">LAMOST</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Las_Campanas_Redshift_Survey" title="Las Campanas Redshift Survey">Las Campanas Redshift Survey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sloan_Digital_Sky_Survey" title="Sloan Digital Sky Survey">Sloan Digital Sky Survey</a> (SDSS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VIMOS-VLT_Deep_Survey" title="VIMOS-VLT Deep Survey">VIMOS-VLT Deep Survey</a> (VVDS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/WiggleZ_Dark_Energy_Survey" title="WiggleZ Dark Energy Survey">WiggleZ</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, 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