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eletricidade</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/commodities/natural-gas">Gás natural</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/commodities/lng">GNL</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/commodities/electric-power">Energia Elétrica</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/commodities/hydrogen">Hidrógeno</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/commodities/carbon-markets">Carbon markets</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a href="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" title="" target="">Биомасса</a></li></ul></li><li class="MainNavigation_secondaryItem__b3LkS qa-nav-2nd-items "><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_secondaryLink__dWmVz" href="/pt/commodities/coal">Carvão </a></li><li class="MainNavigation_secondaryItem__b3LkS qa-nav-2nd-items "><button class="cta MainNavigation_secondaryLink__dWmVz">Net zero</button><ul class="MainNavigation_tertiaryList__5v6Ig qa-nav-3rd"><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/commodities/net-zero">Net zero</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/commodities/biofuels-and-feedstocks">Biocombustíveis e matérias-primas</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/commodities/ammonia">Amônia</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/commodities/hydrogen">Hidrogênio</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/commodities/battery-materials">Materiais para baterias</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a href="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" title="" target="">Biomassa</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/commodities/electric-power">Energia Elétrica</a></li></ul></li><li class="MainNavigation_secondaryItem__b3LkS qa-nav-2nd-items "><button class="cta MainNavigation_secondaryLink__dWmVz">Produtos químicos</button><ul class="MainNavigation_tertiaryList__5v6Ig qa-nav-3rd"><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/commodities/chemicals">Produtos químicos</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/commodities/methanol">Metanol</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/commodities/polymers">Polímeros</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/commodities/light-olefins">Olefinas leves</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/commodities/heavy-olefins">Olefinas pesadas</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/commodities/aromatics">Aromáticos</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/commodities/octane-blending">Combustíveis e octanas</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/commodities/chlor-alkali">Cloro-soda</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/commodities/polyurethanes">Poliuretano</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/commodities/oleochemicals">Oleoquímica</a></li></ul></li><li class="MainNavigation_secondaryItem__b3LkS qa-nav-2nd-items "><button class="cta MainNavigation_secondaryLink__dWmVz">Fertilizantes</button><ul class="MainNavigation_tertiaryList__5v6Ig qa-nav-3rd"><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/commodities/fertilizers">Fertilizantes</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/commodities/ammonia">Amônia</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/commodities/nitrogen">Nitrogênio</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/commodities/npks">NPKs</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/commodities/phosphates">Fosfatos</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/commodities/potash">Potássio</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/commodities/sulphur-and-sulphuric-acid">Enxofre e ácido sulfúrico</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/commodities/sustainable-and-specialty-fertilizers">Sustainable and specialty fertilizers</a></li></ul></li><li class="MainNavigation_secondaryItem__b3LkS qa-nav-2nd-items "><button class="cta MainNavigation_secondaryLink__dWmVz">Metais</button><ul class="MainNavigation_tertiaryList__5v6Ig qa-nav-3rd"><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/commodities/metals">Metais</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/commodities/steel">Steel</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/commodities/steel-raw-materials">Steel raw materials</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/commodities/battery-materials">Materiais para baterias</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/commodities/specialty-and-minor-metals">Metais leves</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/commodities/rare-earths">Terras raras</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/commodities/alloys">Alloys</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/commodities/scrap">Sucata</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/commodities/pipe-and-tube">Dutos</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/commodities/base-metals">Metais básicos</a></li></ul></li><li class="MainNavigation_secondaryItem__b3LkS qa-nav-2nd-items "><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_secondaryLink__dWmVz" href="/pt/commodities/agriculture">Agricultura</a></li></ul></li><li class="MainNavigation_primaryItem__myUif qa-nav-primary-items "><button type="button" class="cta MainNavigation_primaryLink__tYxec">Indústrias</button><ul class="MainNavigation_secondaryList__iQt0k qa-nav-2nd"><li class="MainNavigation_secondaryItem__b3LkS qa-nav-2nd-items "><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_secondaryLink__dWmVz" href="/pt/industries">Indústrias</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_secondaryItem__b3LkS qa-nav-2nd-items "><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_secondaryLink__dWmVz" href="/pt/industries/freight">Freight</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_secondaryItem__b3LkS qa-nav-2nd-items "><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_secondaryLink__dWmVz" href="/pt/industries/upstream-oil-and-gas">Petróleo e gás upstream</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_secondaryItem__b3LkS qa-nav-2nd-items "><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_secondaryLink__dWmVz" href="/pt/industries/oil-refining-and-distribution">Refinação e distribuição de petróleo </a></li><li class="MainNavigation_secondaryItem__b3LkS qa-nav-2nd-items "><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_secondaryLink__dWmVz" href="/pt/industries/biofuels-production">Produção de biocombustíveis</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_secondaryItem__b3LkS qa-nav-2nd-items "><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_secondaryLink__dWmVz" href="/pt/industries/aviation">Aviação</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_secondaryItem__b3LkS qa-nav-2nd-items "><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_secondaryLink__dWmVz" href="/pt/industries/petrochemicals">Petroquímica</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_secondaryItem__b3LkS qa-nav-2nd-items "><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_secondaryLink__dWmVz" href="/pt/industries/natural-gas-and-power-distribution">Distribuição de gás natural e eletricidade</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_secondaryItem__b3LkS qa-nav-2nd-items "><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_secondaryLink__dWmVz" href="/pt/industries/power-generation">Geração de Eletricidade</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_secondaryItem__b3LkS qa-nav-2nd-items "><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_secondaryLink__dWmVz" href="/pt/industries/mining">Mineração</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_secondaryItem__b3LkS qa-nav-2nd-items "><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_secondaryLink__dWmVz" href="/pt/industries/industrial-manufacturing">Indústria de fabricação</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_secondaryItem__b3LkS qa-nav-2nd-items "><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_secondaryLink__dWmVz" href="/pt/industries/automotive-manufacturing">Automotive</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_secondaryItem__b3LkS qa-nav-2nd-items "><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_secondaryLink__dWmVz" href="/pt/industries/agri-industry">Indústria agrícola</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_secondaryItem__b3LkS qa-nav-2nd-items "><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_secondaryLink__dWmVz" href="/pt/industries/storage-terminals">Storage terminals</a></li></ul></li><li class="MainNavigation_primaryItem__myUif qa-nav-primary-items "><button type="button" class="cta MainNavigation_primaryLink__tYxec">Soluções</button><ul class="MainNavigation_secondaryList__iQt0k qa-nav-2nd"><li class="MainNavigation_secondaryItem__b3LkS qa-nav-2nd-items "><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_secondaryLink__dWmVz" href="/pt/solutions">Soluções</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_secondaryItem__b3LkS qa-nav-2nd-items "><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_secondaryLink__dWmVz" href="/pt/solutions/products">Ver todos os produtos</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_secondaryItem__b3LkS qa-nav-2nd-items "><button class="cta MainNavigation_secondaryLink__dWmVz">Preços de commodities</button><ul class="MainNavigation_tertiaryList__5v6Ig qa-nav-3rd"><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/solutions/commodity-prices">Preços de commodities</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/methodology/key-commodity-prices">Principais avaliações de preço</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/methodology">Metodologia - Geral</a></li></ul></li><li class="MainNavigation_secondaryItem__b3LkS qa-nav-2nd-items "><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_secondaryLink__dWmVz" href="/pt/news-and-insights/latest-market-news">Navegar por notícias</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_secondaryItem__b3LkS qa-nav-2nd-items "><button class="cta MainNavigation_secondaryLink__dWmVz">Análises e previsões</button><ul class="MainNavigation_tertiaryList__5v6Ig qa-nav-3rd"><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/solutions/analytics-and-forecasting">Análises e previsões</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/solutions/analytics-and-forecasting/near-term-outlooks">Perspectivas a curto prazo</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/solutions/analytics-and-forecasting/long-term-analytics">Long term analytics</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/solutions/analytics-and-forecasting/argus-forward-curves">Forward curves</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/solutions/analytics-and-forecasting/data-science-and-machine-learning">Ciência de dados e aprendizado automático</a></li></ul></li><li class="MainNavigation_secondaryItem__b3LkS qa-nav-2nd-items "><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_secondaryLink__dWmVz" href="/pt/solutions/consulting-projects">Consultoria de projetos</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_secondaryItem__b3LkS qa-nav-2nd-items "><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_secondaryLink__dWmVz" href="/pt/solutions/business-intelligence-reports">Relatórios de Inteligência de Negócios</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_secondaryItem__b3LkS qa-nav-2nd-items "><button class="cta MainNavigation_secondaryLink__dWmVz">Como entregamos</button><ul class="MainNavigation_tertiaryList__5v6Ig qa-nav-3rd"><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/solutions/how-we-deliver">Como entregamos</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/solutions/how-we-deliver/client-portal">Portal do cliente</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/solutions/how-we-deliver/argus-data-science-studio">Estúdio de ciência de dados Argus</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/solutions/how-we-deliver/argus-open-markets">Mercados da Argus</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/solutions/products/argus-spot-ticker">Argus Spot Ticker</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_tertiaryItem__JMSfK qa-nav-3rd-items"><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_tertiaryLink__nq_tc" href="/pt/solutions/how-we-deliver/channel-partners">Parceiros</a></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="MainNavigation_primaryItem__myUif qa-nav-primary-items "><button type="button" class="cta MainNavigation_primaryLink__tYxec">Eventos</button><ul class="MainNavigation_secondaryList__iQt0k qa-nav-2nd"><li class="MainNavigation_secondaryItem__b3LkS qa-nav-2nd-items "><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_secondaryLink__dWmVz" href="/pt/events">Eventos</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_secondaryItem__b3LkS qa-nav-2nd-items "><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_secondaryLink__dWmVz" href="/pt/events/conferences">Conferências</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_secondaryItem__b3LkS qa-nav-2nd-items "><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_secondaryLink__dWmVz" href="/pt/events/forums">Fóruns</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_secondaryItem__b3LkS qa-nav-2nd-items "><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_secondaryLink__dWmVz" href="/pt/events/webinars">Webinars</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_secondaryItem__b3LkS qa-nav-2nd-items "><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_secondaryLink__dWmVz" href="/pt/events/our-terms">Nossos termos</a></li><li class="MainNavigation_secondaryItem__b3LkS qa-nav-2nd-items "><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_secondaryLink__dWmVz" href="/pt/events/industry-events">Industry events</a></li></ul></li><li class="MainNavigation_primaryItem__myUif qa-nav-primary-items "><button type="button" class="cta MainNavigation_primaryLink__tYxec">Notícias e insights</button><ul class="MainNavigation_secondaryList__iQt0k qa-nav-2nd"><li class="MainNavigation_secondaryItem__b3LkS qa-nav-2nd-items "><a title="" target="" class="cta MainNavigation_secondaryLink__dWmVz" href="/pt/news-and-insights">Notícias e insights</a></li><li 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That’s the slimmest since late April of last year and far off the $20-$30/bl discounts seen in October. Even more tightening may be on the horizon if the Trans Mountain Expansion (TMX) pipeline, which will give Canada’s oil sands greater access to west coast ports, meets its early 2024 completion goal. </p> <p style="color: #1f1f1f; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 21px; padding: 0px;">WCS’ 2022 challenges came from many fronts. Several unplanned outages at US refineries that take Canadian heavy crude in the fall widened the discount. This included Cenovus’ Toledo, Ohio, refinery which can process about 90,000 b/d of heavy sour crude, and Phillips 66’s Wood River refinery, which is the largest importer of Canadian crude. An unprecedented release of 180mn bl from the US Strategic Petroleum Reserve in 2022, much of it sour, also pressured demand for WCS. </p> <p style="color: #1f1f1f; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 21px; padding: 0px;">The redirection of Russian Urals crude to India reduced import volumes of Canadian heavy crude from one of the most reliable sources of foreign demand outside the US. Chinese oil demand was also lower as Covid-19 restrictions depressed economic activity. </p> <p style="color: #1f1f1f; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 21px; padding: 0px;">All three of Argus’ WCS assessments— in Houston, Texas; Cushing, Oklahoma; and Hardisty, Alberta — fell to record discounts in October, with Houston at about $22/bl, Cushing at over $25/bl, and Hardisty at a $32/bl discount.</p> <p style="color: #1f1f1f; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 21px; padding: 0px;"><img alt="" height="3000" width="3882" src="/-/media/project/argusmedia/mainsite/english/images/news-and-insights/market-opinion-and-analysis-blog/wcs-vs-cma-nymex-wti.png?h=3000&w=3882&rev=-1&hash=C51D141769EBA940050983026A5B841C" /></p> <p style="color: #1f1f1f; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 21px; padding: 0px;">Demand has since picked up in 2023, with the restart of the Toledo refinery and Wood River. Expansion projects at Houston area refineries by Valero and Marathon Petroleum designed to capture wider heavy sour crude discounts in order to boost margins also added further demand. </p> <p style="color: #1f1f1f; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 21px; padding: 0px;">Seasonal upstream maintenance in the Canadian oil sands, which is typical in the spring, has reduced production of the bitumen used to blend into a heavy sour “dilbit” crude, reducing supply and adding support for prices.  </p> <p style="color: #1f1f1f; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 21px; padding: 0px;"><span>Long wait for TMX nears an end</span><br /> Discounts will likely continue to face narrowing pressures with the pending TMX pipeline opening oil sands producers' access to new markets in Asia-Pacific and the US west coast. </p> <p style="color: #1f1f1f; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 21px; padding: 0px;">TMX is expected to be operational in the first quarter of 2024,barring any delays from rising costs, adding 590,000 b/d of additional takeaway capacity between Edmonton, Alberta, and Burnaby, British Columbia. The new line will combine with the existing 300,000 b/d Trans Mountain pipeline for a total capacity of 890,000 b/d. At the TMX’s termination point in Burnaby, the Westridge marine terminal will be prepared to load 34 Aframax tankers and three barges per month.</p> <p style="color: #1f1f1f; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 21px; padding: 0px;"><img alt="" height="709" width="1063" src="/-/media/project/argusmedia/mainsite/english/images/news-and-insights/market-opinion-and-analysis-blog/20230515-trans-mountain-map-(1).jpg?rev=-1&hash=EBCB56AD9B5AA4D77AF815AF538B7C14" /></p> <p style="color: #1f1f1f; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 21px; padding: 0px;">It is hard to say how much traffic TMX will attract, but midstream firm Enbridge said earlier this year it expects to lose as much as 5-10pc of its current volumes from the 3mn b/d Mainline feeding US markets on TMX's startup.</p> <p style="color: #1f1f1f; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 21px; padding: 0px;">Initially, most of these volumes are expected to go to the US west coast. But new markets are expected to develop, giving producers in the oil sands region access to buyers in Asia-Pacific, as the voyage to Asia from the Canadian west coast is about 17 days, compared to 36 days for vessels from the US Gulf coast.</p> <p style="color: #1f1f1f; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 21px; padding: 0px;">The additional demand from new markets is expected to support Canadian heavy crude prices next year.</p> <p><strong>Author</strong><span class="label" style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #21016b;"><strong></strong> </span><span style="background-color: #ffffff; color: #1f1f1f;">Scott Phillips and Sam Duffy</span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="component ContactForm_contactForm__RusC_ navy"><div class="component-content"><img alt="people smiling at a board room" loading="lazy" width="1600" height="555" decoding="async" data-nimg="1" class="ContactForm_image__E3Vzy d-none d-lg-block" style="color:transparent" srcSet="/_next/image?url=%2F-%2Fmedia%2Fproject%2Fargusmedia%2Fmainsite%2Fenglish%2Fimages%2Fpeople%2Fcontact-us-forms%2Fcontact-us-form-people-01.jpg%3Fh%3D530%26iar%3D0%26w%3D1600%26rev%3D-1%26hash%3D15ADB845C50D6050F16F434C347C419B&w=1920&q=75 1x, /_next/image?url=%2F-%2Fmedia%2Fproject%2Fargusmedia%2Fmainsite%2Fenglish%2Fimages%2Fpeople%2Fcontact-us-forms%2Fcontact-us-form-people-01.jpg%3Fh%3D530%26iar%3D0%26w%3D1600%26rev%3D-1%26hash%3D15ADB845C50D6050F16F434C347C419B&w=3840&q=75 2x" src="/_next/image?url=%2F-%2Fmedia%2Fproject%2Fargusmedia%2Fmainsite%2Fenglish%2Fimages%2Fpeople%2Fcontact-us-forms%2Fcontact-us-form-people-01.jpg%3Fh%3D530%26iar%3D0%26w%3D1600%26rev%3D-1%26hash%3D15ADB845C50D6050F16F434C347C419B&w=3840&q=75"/><div class="ContactForm_content__SjXae container"><div class="row"><div class="col-12 col-lg-7 qa-form-specialist"><h2 class="h1 qa-form-header">Fale com nossos especialistas hoje</h2><div class="ContactForm_description__1ctco qa-form-description">Registre-se abaixo e personalizaremos uma solução que atenda às suas necessidades. 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Blog","params":{"Theme":"White"},"fields":{"AnchorID":{"value":""},"EnableSiteSearch":{"value":true},"Title":{"value":""},"Description":{"value":"\u003cp style=\"color: #1f1f1f; background-color: #ffffff; margin-right: 0px; margin-bottom: 21px; margin-left: 0px; padding: 0px;\"\u003eHeavy sour Canadian crude has largely recovered from last year's large discounts to a key benchmark, with growing demand rebounding from a range of 2022 issues, from unplanned US refinery outages to competition from releases of US strategic reserves.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"color: #1f1f1f; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 21px; padding: 0px;\"\u003eWCS Houston was assessed during the week ending 19 May at a discount narrower than $5/bl to the CMA Nymex, which serves as the basis for Canadian crude trades in both the US and Canada. That\u0026rsquo;s the slimmest since late April of last year and far off the $20-$30/bl discounts seen in October. Even more tightening may be on the horizon if the Trans Mountain Expansion (TMX) pipeline, which will give Canada\u0026rsquo;s oil sands greater access to west coast ports, meets its early 2024 completion goal.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"color: #1f1f1f; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 21px; padding: 0px;\"\u003eWCS\u0026rsquo; 2022 challenges came from many fronts. Several unplanned outages at US refineries that take Canadian heavy crude in the fall widened the discount. This included Cenovus\u0026rsquo; Toledo, Ohio, refinery which can process about 90,000 b/d of heavy sour crude, and Phillips 66\u0026rsquo;s Wood River refinery, which is the largest importer of Canadian crude. An unprecedented release of 180mn bl from the US Strategic Petroleum Reserve in 2022, much of it sour, also pressured demand for WCS.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"color: #1f1f1f; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 21px; padding: 0px;\"\u003eThe redirection of Russian Urals crude to India reduced import volumes of Canadian heavy crude from one of the most reliable sources of foreign demand outside the US. Chinese oil demand was also lower as Covid-19 restrictions depressed economic activity.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"color: #1f1f1f; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 21px; padding: 0px;\"\u003eAll three of Argus\u0026rsquo; WCS assessments\u0026mdash; in Houston, Texas; Cushing, Oklahoma; and Hardisty, Alberta \u0026mdash; fell to record discounts in October, with Houston at about $22/bl, Cushing at over $25/bl, and Hardisty at a $32/bl discount.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"color: #1f1f1f; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 21px; padding: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" height=\"3000\" width=\"3882\" src=\"/-/media/project/argusmedia/mainsite/english/images/news-and-insights/market-opinion-and-analysis-blog/wcs-vs-cma-nymex-wti.png?h=3000\u0026amp;w=3882\u0026amp;rev=-1\u0026amp;hash=C51D141769EBA940050983026A5B841C\" /\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"color: #1f1f1f; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 21px; padding: 0px;\"\u003eDemand has since picked up in 2023, with the\u0026nbsp;restart of the Toledo refinery\u0026nbsp;and Wood River. Expansion projects at Houston area refineries by\u0026nbsp;Valero\u0026nbsp;and\u0026nbsp;Marathon Petroleum\u0026nbsp;designed to capture wider heavy sour crude discounts in order to boost margins also added further demand.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"color: #1f1f1f; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 21px; padding: 0px;\"\u003eSeasonal upstream maintenance in the Canadian oil sands, which is typical in the spring, has reduced production of the bitumen used to blend into a heavy sour \u0026ldquo;dilbit\u0026rdquo; crude, reducing supply and adding support for prices.\u0026nbsp;\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"color: #1f1f1f; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 21px; padding: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eLong wait for TMX nears an end\u003c/span\u003e\u003cbr /\u003e\nDiscounts will likely continue to face narrowing pressures with the pending TMX pipeline opening oil sands producers' access to new markets in Asia-Pacific and the US west coast.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"color: #1f1f1f; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 21px; padding: 0px;\"\u003eTMX is expected to be operational in the first quarter of 2024,barring any delays from rising costs,\u0026nbsp;adding 590,000 b/d of additional takeaway capacity between Edmonton, Alberta, and Burnaby, British Columbia. The new line will combine with the existing 300,000 b/d Trans Mountain pipeline for a total capacity of 890,000 b/d. At the TMX\u0026rsquo;s termination point in Burnaby, the Westridge marine terminal will be prepared to load 34 Aframax tankers and three barges per month.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"color: #1f1f1f; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 21px; padding: 0px;\"\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"\" height=\"709\" width=\"1063\" src=\"/-/media/project/argusmedia/mainsite/english/images/news-and-insights/market-opinion-and-analysis-blog/20230515-trans-mountain-map-(1).jpg?rev=-1\u0026amp;hash=EBCB56AD9B5AA4D77AF815AF538B7C14\" /\u003e\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"color: #1f1f1f; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 21px; padding: 0px;\"\u003eIt is hard to say how much traffic TMX will attract, but midstream firm Enbridge said earlier this year\u0026nbsp;it expects to lose as much as 5-10pc of its current volumes from the 3mn b/d Mainline\u0026nbsp;feeding US markets on TMX's startup.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"color: #1f1f1f; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 21px; padding: 0px;\"\u003eInitially, most of these volumes are expected to go to the US west coast. But new markets are expected to develop, giving producers in the oil sands region access to buyers in Asia-Pacific, as the voyage to Asia from the Canadian west coast is about 17 days, compared to 36 days for vessels from the US Gulf coast.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp style=\"color: #1f1f1f; background-color: #ffffff; margin: 0px 0px 21px; padding: 0px;\"\u003eThe additional demand from new markets is expected to support Canadian heavy crude prices next year.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAuthor\u003c/strong\u003e\u003cspan class=\"label\" style=\"background-color: #ffffff; color: #21016b;\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003c/strong\u003e\u0026nbsp;\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan style=\"background-color: #ffffff; color: #1f1f1f;\"\u003eScott Phillips and Sam Duffy\u003c/span\u003e\u003c/p\u003e"}}},{"uid":"8ea9a4f0-3023-49b5-a9eb-b83c767153e5","componentName":"ContactForm","dataSource":"{44347C6E-A16B-47F6-B06F-24D3854B9976}","params":{"CacheClearingBehavior":"Clear on publish"},"fields":{"Disclaimer":{"value":"\u003cspan\u003eVoc\u0026ecirc; pode cancelar a assinatura dessas atualiza\u0026ccedil;\u0026otilde;es a qualquer momento. 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